国际会计网络课后练习题及答案
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西工大18秋《国际会计》在线作业在不成文法系的国家里,会计规程并不包含在法规之中。
它们往往是通过()制定,这就允许他们具有更强的适应性和创造性。
A.政府B.专业民间组织C.公司法D.税法正确答案:B国际会计准则委员会在()发布了国际会计准则第1号《会计政策披露》。
A.1974年1月B.1975年1月C.1976年1月D.1978年1月正确答案:B美国会计模式的基本特征是()。
A.公认会计原则B.真实与公允C.形式重于实质D.会计与税法一致正确答案:A2000年5月17日,()正式宣布列入核心会计准则计划的30份2000年准则连同11份解释公告通过了评审,并正向包括美国在内的全世界各主要资本市场推荐使用。
A.证券委员会的国际组织B.国际会计准则委员会C.国际会计师联合会D.欧洲会计师联合会正确答案:A在会计模式划分中,宏观经济模式最典型的代表是()。
A.瑞典B.美国C.英国D.荷兰正确答案:A对外国公司财务报告所作的披露和调整方法通常不包括有()。
A.表下注释B.重新表述C.增加专用信息D.扩展财务报表内的内容正确答案:D以下关于英美会计模式和欧洲大陆会计模式,不正确的是()。
A.英美会计要求公允表述,欧洲大陆会计要求遵循法律B.英美会计要求“适度”稳健,欧洲大陆会计要求“极度”稳健C.英美会计要求充分披露,欧洲大陆会计不要求充分披露D.英美会计允许提留公积,欧洲大陆会计不允许提留公积正确答案:D会计微观经济模式的典型例子是()。
A.德国B.法国C.英国D.荷兰正确答案:D美国的会计原则委员会(APB,1958-1973年至今)发表的有关会计准则是()。
A.《财务会计准则公告》B.《财务会计准则解释》C.《会计研究公告》D.《会计原则委员会意见书》正确答案:D()的成员国于1963年发布了《关于对所得和财产避免双重征税协定范本》。
A.联合国经济和社会理事会B.欧洲经济共同体C.经济合作与发展组织D.证券委员会国际组织正确答案:C买卖外汇现货交易中所使用的汇率称作()。
第一章导论2.会计可以被看做是包括三个部分:计量、披露和审计。
这种分类的优点和缺点是什么?你能提出其他有效的分类吗?Advantage: Some might argue that measurement, disclosure, and external auditing are three distinct (although related) processes, involving different members of the company. For example, corporate attorneys often are involved in disclosure issues, but seldom intervene in measurement ssues. The Board of Directors works with the external auditors but not necessarily with the comptroller s office. Thus, discussion of accounting requirements and voluntary accounting choices in different jurisdictions is simplified by focusing on the three components of accounting. Disadvantage: measurement, disclosure and auditing are interdependent, and should not be viewed in isolation of one another. A company choosing to disclose as little as possible, for example, may use accounting measurement approaches that reduce the information content of financial statements, and select an external auditor who will be relatively lenient in enforcing accounting requirements. One alternative classification might include accounting (measurement and disclosure), and auditing. A second classification might include financial reporting (annual and interim reporting, regulatory filings) and ad hoc disclosure (press releases, analyst meetings, etc). Any classification is arbitrary, and potentially useful depending on its purpose.优势:一些人可能认为测量,披露和外部审计是三个不同的(虽然相关)流程,涉及公司的不同成员。
第一章练习题解答习题1.名词解释1.1国际会计的概念: 国际会计(International Accounting)。
国际会计内容广阔但研究时间较短,因此,较难有一个确切的定义。
美国加州理工大学教授M.Zafar Iqbal等认为,国际会计是针对国际间经济业务的会计,是对不同国家会计准则的比较,以及世界范围内的会计准则的协调。
而美国会计学家Weirch 和Anderson则进一步将国际会计细化为三个概念,即跨国公司会计(Multinational Corporation Accounting)、比较会计(Comparative accounting)和世界会计(World Accounting)。
1.2跨国公司会计: 从跨国公司会计视角认为国际会计主要是为了处理跨国公司母公司与子公司之间的会计问题,其研究领域较为狭窄,应用范围较为单一,只是停留在国际会计产生的直接动因——国际贸易与跨国公司这一点上,而未将其理论全面化和高度化。
因此,代表的只是国际会计发展的初级对各个国家不同的会计模式进行研究和比较。
包括各国的会计理论、会计准则、会计实务、会计环境等。
1.3比较会计: 相对跨国公司会计而言,比较会计上升到了一定的高度和深度,是由点及面、从具体到抽象的质的飞跃,同时,又是承上启下的关键性转折。
因为它不仅是对跨国公司会计的扩充与深化;更主要的是为世界会计奠定了坚实的基础。
1.4世界会计: 世界会计是从全球的角度出发,致力于建设一套世界各国普遍接受的统一和标准的会计模式,这是国际会计的理想和终极奋斗目标,其意义是显而易见的。
它能使会计更好地为世界经济一体化而服务。
但由于会计受社会环境和经济环境的制约与影响,各个国家的政治、法律、经济及文化背景的巨大差异,使得这一工程必将是艰巨而困难的而只有经历了比较会计这一阶段,通过对各个国家会计情况的分析与对比,才能综合制定出全球统一的会计模式。
因此,世界会计是建立在比较会计基础之上的,目前及未来国际会计研究的重点。
国际会计第9版课后答案pdf1、某公司为一般纳税人,2019年6月购入商品并取得增值税专用发票,价款100万元,增值税率13%;支付运费取得增值税专用发票,运费不含税价款为30万元,增值税率9%,则该批商品的入账成本为()。
[单选题] *A.130万元(正确答案)B.7万元C.3万元D.113万元2、下列项目中,不属于非流动负债的是()[单选题] *A.长期借款B.应付债券C.专项应付款D.预收的货款(正确答案)3、.(年嘉兴三模考)()就是会计在经济管理中固有的、内在的客观功能。
[单选题] * A会计的含义B会计的特点C会计的任务D会计的职能(正确答案)4、.(年浙江省第二次联考)会计人员的职业道德规范不包括()[单选题] *A操守为重、不做假账(正确答案)B爱岗敬业、诚实守信C、廉洁自律、客观公正D坚持准则、提高技能5、企业出售固定资产应交的增值税,应借记的会计科目是()。
[单选题] *A.税金及附加B.固定资产清理(正确答案)C.营业外支出D.其他业务成本6、.(年嘉兴二模考)企业对固定资产计提折旧以()假设为基本前提。
[单选题] *A会计主体B持续经营(正确答案)C会计分期D货币计量7、某企业自创一项专利,并经过有关部门审核注册获得其专利权。
该项专利权的研究开发费为15万元,其中开发阶段符合资本化条件的支出8万元;发生的注册登记费2万元,律师费1万元。
该项专利权的入账价值为()。
[单选题] *A.15万元B.21万元C.11万元(正确答案)D.18万元8、.(年浙江省高职考)下列项目中,不属于企业会计核算对象的经济活动是()[单选题] *A购买设备B请购原材料(正确答案)C接受捐赠D利润分配9、企业生产车间使用的固定资产发生的下列支出中,直接计入当期损益的是( )。
[单选题] *A.购入时发生的安装费用B.发生的装修费用C.购入时发生的运杂费D.发生的修理费(正确答案)10、已达到预定可使用状态但未办理竣工决算的固定资产,应根据()作暂估价值转入固定资产,待竣工决算后再作调整。
一、讨论题7.1对比本章引述的金融工具的3个定义,说明各自的特点。
经济学家和金融界所举的定义都把金融工具界定为金融领域运用的单证:史密斯的定义把金融工具表述为“对其他经济单位的债权凭证和所有权凭证”,而《银行与金融百科全书》的定义中列举了金融领域运用的各种单证。
FASB和IASC所下的定义基础是一致的,都把金融工具界定为现金、合同权利或义务及权益工具。
IASC 的定义较清晰,在指明金融工具是“形成个企业的金融资产并形成另一企业的金融负债或权益工具的合同”后,又分别就金融资产、金融负债和权益工具下了定义。
7.2对比本章引述的衍生金融工具的4个定义,说叫各自的特点。
OECD的定义指叫衍生金融工具是“一份双边合约或支付交换协议”,ISDA定义中的表述是“有关互换现金流量和旨存为交易名转移风险的双边合同”。
后名的表述更清晰。
两个定义都着币指明衍生金融工具价值的“衍生性”,并指明可作为衍生价值的基础的标的。
两者都列举了各种不同的标的。
FASB和IASC所下的定义基本上是致的,更便于作为衍生金融工具交易的会计处理所依据的概念。
讨论时可参照教本中归纳的6项最基本的特征展开(本章教学要点(二)第3点中的(2)也有简括的表述)。
7.3区分金融资产和负债与非金融资产和负债项日是否等同于区分货币性资产和负债与非货币性资产和负债项日?请予以说明。
不等同。
形成收取或支付现金或另金融资产的合同权利或义务,是金融资产和负债的最摹本的特征,以此(合同权利或义务)区别于非金融资产和负债(参阅教术7 2 1),而货币性资产和负债与非货币性资产和负债的区分则是根据这些项目对通货膨胀影响或汇率变动的不同反应而作出的。
二者是完全不相下的两种分类法。
更为币要的是,不要把“货币性金融资产和负债”与“货币性资产和负债”这两个概念相混淆。
前名是指“将按固定或可确定的金额收取或支付的金融资产和金融负债”,只是金融资产和金融负债的特定类别。
7.4衍生金融工具品目繁多,但其基本形式不外乎:(1)远期合同;(2)期货合同:(3)期权合同:(4)互换(掉期)合同。
2020年国际会计考试题库258题[含参考答案]一、填空题1.除外,不要求对外公布财务报告,会计报表中对信息的披露要求不够充分。
【参考答案:上市公司】2.市场是商品经济的产物(第1章知识点1会计的国际传承)A.正确B.错误【参考答案:A】3.的会计实务体系被公认为当今在世界范围内影响最大的会计模式。
【参考答案:美国】4.经济.政治.社会.法律.地理等因素,可统称为社会经济环境因素,最后一项是因素。
【参考答案:文化】5.《编报财务报表的框架》特别提及的会计基本假设包括 .。
【参考答案:权责发生制 ;持续经营】6.对社会责任披露的另一争论是:对企业有关社会责任的投入和产出应该侧重定量反映还是。
【参考答案:定性披露】7.衍生金融工具是从基本金融工具中派生出来的创新的金融工具,也称为。
【参考答案:金融衍生工具】8.采用账户式资产负债表的大多数英联邦国家的企业,把资产列在,负债和业主权益列在。
【参考答案:右方 ;左方】9.与资产负债表中财务状况的计量直接联系的要素是: ..。
【参考答案:资产 ;负债 ;权益】10.除外,不要求对外公布财务报告,会计报表中对信息的披露要求不够充分。
【参考答案:上市公司】11.荷兰《年度报表法》和《所得税法》的会计要求并不完全一致。
报告收益与应税收益之间的暂时性差异,要通过所得税的程序调节。
【参考答案:跨期摊配】12.的会计实务体系被公认为当今在世界范围内影响最大的会计模式。
【参考答案:美国】13.国际会计准则委员会理事会复查国际会计准则草案,经修改并需经过理事会()的多数同意后,公布该国际会计准则。
A.2/3B.1/2C.1/4D.3/4【参考答案:D】14.国际会计准则委员会的总部设在,是民间机构。
【参考答案:英国伦敦】15.除了中国注册会计师协会需对政府部门进行报告以外,中国注册会计师的管理与的制度是相似的。
A.美国B.英国C.德国D.日本【参考答案:A】16.对社会责任披露的另一争论是:对企业有关社会责任的投入和产出应该侧重定量反映还是。
国际会计课后题答案版 Pleasure Group Office【T985AB-B866SYT-B182C-BS682T-STT18】第1章国际会计的形成与发展一、讨论题为什么说市场国际化,特别是货币市场和资本市场的国际化是会计国际化的主要推动力国际贸易和国际经济技术合作,促使会计成为一种国际商业语言。
特别是国际货币市场和资本市场的兴起向进入市场的贷款人或筹资者提出了应提供在国际间可比且可靠的财务信息的要求(即国际财务报告趋同化的要求),更成为会计国际化的主要推动力。
跨国公司是否在百分之百地推动会计国际化说明你的观点。
不是。
跨国公司对推动会计国际化有其两面性:一方面,基于其跨国经营和国际筹资的需要,他们希望通过会计国际化来缩小和协调国别差异;另一方面,他们又十分重视利用各国现存的会计差异来谋取财务利益。
后者也推动了各国会计模式和重要会计方法的国际比较研究。
(注意:“会计国际化”大体上与“会计的国际协调化”概念一致,而与国际会计研究中的“国别会计”观点对立)会计随商业活动的扩展而传播,你同意这种说法吗从历史发展的进程谈谈你的看法。
同意。
可主要就前殖民帝国的会计向其原殖民地传播、工业革命后西方会计的发展及在世界范围内的广泛传播以及第二次世界大战以后美国会计的影响在一定程度上主宰着世界各地的会计发展等历史事实,加以讨论。
哪些特定会计方法具有国际性质把外币交易和外币报表的折算引入会计领域,是会计国际化带来的独特问题。
它与由此引发的跨国企业合并和国际合并财务报表与外币折算相互关联和制约的问题,以及各国的物价变动影响在国际合并财务报表中如何处理和调整的问题,从20世纪70年代以来,就成为国际会计研究中既需协调一致但又矛盾重重的“三大难题”。
在世纪之交,金融工具(特别是衍生工具)的创新引发的会计处理问题,给传统的会计概念和实务带来了巨大的冲击,成为各国会计准则机构联合攻关、仍未妥善解决的难题。
此外,国际税务会计也是值得关注的课题。
物价变动会计习题一、设WPS公司于1990年1月8日开业,1992年度历史成本基础的财务报表如表1和表2所示。
表1 WPS公司收益表及留存收益表1992年(至12月31日止)(历史成本为基础)销售收入$422400销货成本存货(1991年12月31日)$70800购货316800存货(1992年12月31日)62496 325104销货毛利$97296折旧费$5280其他营业利润57000 62280所得税17000净收益$18016留存收益(1991年12月31日) 11024现金股利20000留存收益(1992年12月31日) $9040表2 WPS公司比较资产负债表1991年和1992年12月31日(以历史成本为基础)1991年12月31日1992年12月31日货币性资产$53184 $69744存货(先进先出法)70800 62496房屋与设备(净额)42240 36960土地24000 24000资产总额$190224 $193200货币性流动负债$19200 $24160货币性长期负债48000 48000股东权益:普通股112000 112000留存收益11024 90401990年1月8日(开业时)1001991年12月31日1201992年12月31日1281991年平均1151992年平均1251991年第四季度1181992年第四季度126再假设其他有关重要资料如下:(1)每年均按先进先出法计量存货,每年末的库存存货均为当年第四季度均匀购入。
(2)房屋与设备、土地均于开业时一次性购置,按10年、直线法提房屋与设备的折旧,不考虑预计净残值。
(3)普通股均于开业时对外发行。
(4)当年的销货收入、购货成本、其他营业费用与所得税在当年内均匀发生.(5)现金股利的分派在1992年12月31日完成。
(6)一般购买力为年末美元。
1、要求:按照一般购买力会计模式重编资产负债表、收益和留存收益表以及购买力损益计算表以上题中的表1与表2为基础,另补充有关资料如下:2、以现行成本为基础的销货成本为$345600。
国际会计课后题答案整理版第1章国际会计的形成与发展一、讨论题1.1 为什么说市场国际化,特别是货币市场和资本市场的国际化是会计国际化的主要推动力?国际贸易和国际经济技术合作,促使会计成为一种国际商业语言。
特别是国际货币市场和资本市场的兴起向进入市场的贷款人或筹资者提出了应提供在国际间可比且可靠的财务信息的要求(即国际财务报告趋同化的要求),更成为会计国际化的主要推动力。
1.2 跨国公司是否在百分之百地推动会计国际化?说明你的观点。
不是。
跨国公司对推动会计国际化有其两面性:一方面,基于其跨国经营和国际筹资的需要,他们希望通过会计国际化来缩小和协调国别差异;另一方面,他们又十分重视利用各国现存的会计差异来谋取财务利益。
后者也推动了各国会计模式和重要会计方法的国际比较研究。
(注意:“会计国际化”大体上与“会计的国际协调化”概念一致,而与国际会计研究中的“国别会计”观点对立)1.3 会计随商业活动的扩展而传播,你同意这种说法吗?从历史发展的进程谈谈你的看法。
同意。
可主要就前殖民帝国的会计向其原殖民地传播、工业革命后西方会计的发展及在世界范围内的广泛传播以及第二次世界大战以后美国会计的影响在一定程度上主宰着世界各地的会计发展等历史事实,加以讨论。
1.4 哪些特定会计方法具有国际性质?把外币交易和外币报表的折算引入会计领域,是会计国际化带来的独特问题。
它与由此引发的跨国企业合并和国际合并财务报表与外币折算相互关联和制约的问题,以及各国的物价变动影响在国际合并财务报表中如何处理和调整的问题,从20世纪70年代以来,就成为国际会计研究中既需协调一致但又矛盾重重的“三大难题”。
在世纪之交,金融工具(特别是衍生工具)的创新引发的会计处理问题,给传统的会计概念和实务带来了巨大的冲击,成为各国会计准则机构联合攻关、仍未妥善解决的难题。
此外,国际税务会计也是值得关注的课题。
1.5 你对会计国际化和国家化之间的矛盾及其消长有何看法?会计国际化和国家化的矛盾实际上反映了经济全球化与各国的国家利益之间的矛盾及其消长过程。
第一章导论2.会计可以被看做是包括三个部分:计量、披露和审计。
这种分类的优点和缺点是什么?你能提出其他有效的分类吗?Advantage: Some might argue that measurement, disclosure, and external auditing are three distinct (although related) processes, involving different members of the company. For example, corporate attorneys often are involved in disclosure issues, but seldom intervene in measurement ssues. The Board of Directors works with the external auditors but not necessarily with the comptroller s office. Thus, discussion of accounting requirements and voluntary accounting choices in different jurisdictions is simplified by focusing on the three components of accounting. Disadvantage: measurement, disclosure and auditing are interdependent, and should not be viewed in isolation of one another. A company choosing to disclose as little as possible, for example, may use accounting measurement approaches that reduce the information content of financial statements, and select an external auditor who will be relatively lenient in enforcing accounting requirements. One alternative classification might include accounting (measurement and disclosure), and auditing. A second classification might include financial reporting (annual and interim reporting, regulatory filings) and ad hoc disclosure (press releases, analyst meetings, etc). Any classification is arbitrary, and potentially useful depending on its purpose.优势:一些人可能认为测量,披露和外部审计是三个不同的(虽然相关)流程,涉及公司的不同成员。
2020年国际会计考试题库258题[含参考答案]一、填空题1.国际会计准则委员会的总部设在,是民间机构。
【参考答案:英国伦敦】2.根据协议,1973年成立的国际会计准则委员会作为国际会计师联合会的团体成员,独立制定和发布国际会计准则和审计准则。
(知识点5 国际会计协调化和趋同化的国际组)A.正确B.错误【参考答案:B】3.IASB是的简称。
【参考答案:国际会计准则理事会】4.经济.政治.社会.法律.地理等因素,可统称为社会经济环境因素,最后一项是因素。
【参考答案:文化】5.对社会责任披露的另一争论是:对企业有关社会责任的投入和产出应该侧重定量反映还是。
【参考答案:定性披露】6.衍生金融工具是从基本金融工具中派生出来的创新的金融工具,也称为。
【参考答案:金融衍生工具】7.采用账户式资产负债表的大多数英联邦国家的企业,把资产列在,负债和业主权益列在。
【参考答案:右方 ;左方】8.与资产负债表中财务状况的计量直接联系的要素是: ..。
【参考答案:资产 ;负债 ;权益】9.除外,不要求对外公布财务报告,会计报表中对信息的披露要求不够充分。
【参考答案:上市公司】10.荷兰《年度报表法》和《所得税法》的会计要求并不完全一致。
报告收益与应税收益之间的暂时性差异,要通过所得税的程序调节。
【参考答案:跨期摊配】11.的会计实务体系被公认为当今在世界范围内影响最大的会计模式。
【参考答案:美国】12.除了中国注册会计师协会需对政府部门进行报告以外,中国注册会计师的管理与的制度是相似的。
A.美国B.英国C.德国D.日本【参考答案:A】13.采用账户式资产负债表的大多数英联邦国家的企业,把资产列在,负债和业主权益列在。
【参考答案:右方 ;左方】14.不但要求确认递延所得税资产,而且要求确认在一定条件下确认以后结转亏损的所得税资产。
A.美国B.挪威C.加拿大D.巴西【参考答案:A】15.对社会责任披露的另一争论是:对企业有关社会责任的投入和产出应该侧重定量反映还是。
国际会计第一章练习题一、Single choice1、Accounting harmonization is the process main aimed at enhancing the ( B ) of financial statements produced in different countries’ accounting regulations.A. RelativityB. ComparabilityC. ReliabilityD. Timeliness2. What’s the feature of accounting in the equity--oriented Market? ( A ).A. An optimistic bias to reporting earningsB. Spend little resources on the production of annual reportsC. corporate annual reports tend to be more matter-of-factD. a tendency to under report earnings3. In debt-oriented market, corporations tend to prepare their financial reports with with of the following characteristics?(B )A. invest large resources in annual reports and other financial communicationsB. a tendency to under report earningsC. corporate annual reports tend to be less Spartan and matter-of-factD. an optimistic bias to report earnings4. Which of the following is not typically included in an accounting conceptual framework? ( D )A. statement of objectives of financial accountingB. targeted users of financial statementsC. limitations of financial statementsD. licensing criteria for public accountants5. In Equity-oriented market, the capital of companies mostly comes from: ( C )A. Bank financingB. GovernmentC. Stock MarketD. Charity6. Countries with low inflation often use which model for financial reporting purposes?( B )A. Temporal modelB. Historical-cost modelC. Current/non-current modelD. Monetary/non-monetary model7. In countries with micro-oriented accounting systems, the role of accounting is ( A )A. to provide investors with information on the true position of accounting.B. to reflect the effect of government economic policies in company accounts.C. to provide inputs for industry or national accounting reportsD. to determine the tax liability of business entities8. The major challenges facing accounting in the global arena does not include ( B )A. Global harmonizationB. Terrorist attacks to the financial centersC. Financial reporting in emerging economiesD. Social and environmental reporting9. With a dual set of rules for financial reporting, companies:(B )A. takes a pessimistic view to reporting earnings to investorsB. tends to understate earnings to tax collectorsC. takes an optimistic view to reporting earnings to tax collectorsD. tends to understate earnings to investors10. Which one is right of the following expressions? ( B )A. In code law countries, the accounting profession is largely self-regulating.B. In common law countries, audit reports are more likely to be respected as independent and reliable.C. In common law countries, the accounting profession has considerably less stature and power.D. In common law countries, the government takes the lead role in regulating the profession.二、Multiple Choice1. In code law system, laws are all-embracing characterized as mandating acceptable behavior. As a result, accounting in countries with code law system has the following characteristics: ( ABDE )A. Accounting tends to be prescriptive and procedural.B. Accounting focuses on legal form.C. Accounting develops from experience and judgment.D. Accounting standards and procedures are incorporated into national laws.E. An emphasis on protecting creditors.2. Which of the following is typically included in an accounting conceptual framework? (ABCDE)A. A statement of aims or objectives of financial accounting.B. Targeted users of financial statementsC. limitations of financial statementsD. Financial accounting statements that ought to be issuedE. Qualities and characteristics of good financial Accounting.三、True or False1. In debt-oriented countries, Considerable resources are devoted to the preparation of annual report. (X)2. In code law countries, accounting is regulated mainly through an accounting code.And it is generally set by legislature. (√) 3. International accounting diversity imposes cost on the resource allocation system worldwide. √4. In common law countries, accounting is regulated mainly through an accounting code. And it is generally set by legislature. (X)5. In countries with high levels of enforcement, accounting practices are largely incompliance with the requirements. (√)6. In high-inflation environment, countries use inflation-adjusted models to provide more decision-relevant inform ation.√7. Accounting is a product of its environment; therefore it is affected by the environment in which it exists.(√)8. In common law countries, the accounting profession has considerably less stature and power, the government takes the lead role in regulating the profession. People question the quality of financial statements and the independence of auditors. (X ) 9. In Germany, as the legal system is code law, the purpose of accounting is to protect creditors, and it is a macro-user orientedsystem. (√) 10. In micro-user oriented system, government entities such as tax and economic planning agencies are the principle users of accounting reports. (√)四、Brief Answer1. Please write down ten environmental factors that influence the development of accounting.Ten environmental factors: (10’)1) the type of capital market2)the type of reporting regimes3) the type of business entity 4) the type of legal system5) the level of enforcement6)the level of inflation7) political and economic ties with other countries8) status of the accounting profession9) existence of a conceptual framework10) Quality of accounting education.。
2020年国际会计考试题库258题[含参考答案]一、填空题1.荷兰《年度报表法》和《所得税法》的会计要求并不完全一致。
报告收益与应税收益之间的暂时性差异,要通过所得税的程序调节。
【参考答案:跨期摊配】2.经济.政治.社会.法律.地理等因素,可统称为社会经济环境因素,最后一项是因素。
【参考答案:文化】3.指在机构和组织中,等级制度和权力的不公平分配能被接受的程度。
【参考答案:权利距离】4.衍生金融工具是从基本金融工具中派生出来的创新的金融工具,也称为。
【参考答案:金融衍生工具】5.采用账户式资产负债表的大多数英联邦国家的企业,把资产列在,负债和业主权益列在。
【参考答案:右方 ;左方】6.与资产负债表中财务状况的计量直接联系的要素是: ..。
【参考答案:资产 ;负债 ;权益】7.经济.政治.社会.法律.地理等因素,可统称为社会经济环境因素,最后一项是因素。
【参考答案:文化】8.《编报财务报表的框架》特别提及的会计基本假设包括 .。
【参考答案:权责发生制 ;持续经营】9.指在机构和组织中,等级制度和权力的不公平分配能被接受的程度。
【参考答案:权利距离】10.IASB是的简称。
【参考答案:国际会计准则理事会】11.根据协议,1973年成立的国际会计准则委员会作为国际会计师联合会的团体成员,独立制定和发布国际会计准则和审计准则。
(知识点5 国际会计协调化和趋同化的国际组)A.正确B.错误【参考答案:B】12.除外,不要求对外公布财务报告,会计报表中对信息的披露要求不够充分。
【参考答案:上市公司】13.国际会计准则委员会理事会复查国际会计准则草案,经修改并需经过理事会()的多数同意后,公布该国际会计准则。
A.2/3B.1/2C.1/4D.3/4【参考答案:D】14.经济合作与发展组织的宗旨是“以协调一致的准则,在世界范围内发展和加强会计职业,以便为公众利益提供一贯的高质量服务”。
A.正确B.错误【参考答案:B】15.我国正处在向社会主义市场经济的上升期,经济改革和政治改革的进程影响了会计改革。
第1章国际会计的形成与发展一、讨论题为什么说市场国际化,特别是货币市场和资本市场的国际化是会计国际化的主要推动力国际贸易和国际经济技术合作,促使会计成为一种国际商业语言。
特别是国际货币市场和资本市场的兴起向进入市场的贷款人或筹资者提出了应提供在国际间可比且可靠的财务信息的要求(即国际财务报告趋同化的要求),更成为会计国际化的主要推动力。
跨国公司是否在百分之百地推动会计国际化说明你的观点。
不是。
跨国公司对推动会计国际化有其两面性:一方面,基于其跨国经营和国际筹资的需要,他们希望通过会计国际化来缩小和协调国别差异;另一方面,他们又十分重视利用各国现存的会计差异来谋取财务利益。
后者也推动了各国会计模式和重要会计方法的国际比较研究。
(注意:“会计国际化”大体上与“会计的国际协调化”概念一致,而与国际会计研究中的“国别会计”观点对立)会计随商业活动的扩展而传播,你同意这种说法吗从历史发展的进程谈谈你的看法。
同意。
可主要就前殖民帝国的会计向其原殖民地传播、工业革命后西方会计的发展及在世界范围内的广泛传播以及第二次世界大战以后美国会计的影响在一定程度上主宰着世界各地的会计发展等历史事实,加以讨论。
哪些特定会计方法具有国际性质把外币交易和外币报表的折算引入会计领域,是会计国际化带来的独特问题。
它与由此引发的跨国企业合并和国际合并财务报表与外币折算相互关联和制约的问题,以及各国的物价变动影响在国际合并财务报表中如何处理和调整的问题,从20世纪70年代以来,就成为国际会计研究中既需协调一致但又矛盾重重的“三大难题”。
在世纪之交,金融工具(特别是衍生工具)的创新引发的会计处理问题,给传统的会计概念和实务带来了巨大的冲击,成为各国会计准则机构联合攻关、仍未妥善解决的难题。
此外,国际税务会计也是值得关注的课题。
你对会计国际化和国家化之间的矛盾及其消长有何看法会计国际化和国家化的矛盾实际上反映了经济全球化与各国的国家利益之间的矛盾及其消长过程。
国际会计学课后答案【篇一:国际会计第七版英文版课后答案(第六章)】foreign currency translationdiscussion questions solutions1. foreign currency translation is the process of restating a foreign account balance from one currency to another. foreign currency conversion is the process of physically exchanging one currency for another.2. in the foreign exchange spot market, currencies bought and sold must be delivered immediately,normally within 2 business days. thus a singaporean tourist buying u.s. dollars at the airportbefore boarding a plane for new york would hand over singapore dollars and immediatelyreceive the equivalent amount in u.s. dollars. the forward market handles agreements toexchange a fixed amount of one currency for another on an agreed date in the future. forexample, a french manufacturer exporting goods invoiced in euros to a japanese importer on 60- day credit terms would buy a forward contract to sell yen for euros 2 months in the future.transactions in the swap market involve the simultaneous purchase (or sale) of one currency inthe spot market and the sale (or purchase) of the same currency in the forward market. thus, acanadian investor wishing to take advantage of higher interest rates on 6-month treasury bills inthe united states would buy u.s. dollars with canadian dollars in the spot market and invest inthe united states. to guard against a fall in the value of the u.s. dollar before maturity (whenthe u.s. dollar proceeds are converted back to canadian dollars), the canadian investor wouldsimultaneously enter into a forward contract to sell u.s. dollars for canadian dollars 6 months inthe future at today s forward exchange rate.3. the question refers to alternative exchange rates that are used to translate foreign financialstatements. the current rate is the exchange rate at the financial statement date. it issometimes called the year-end or closing rate. the historical rate is the exchange rate at the timeof the underlying transaction. the average rate is the average of various exchange rates during afiscal period. since the average ratenormally is used to translate income statement items, it isoften weighted to reflect any seasonal changes in the volume of transactions during the period.translation gains and losses do not occur if exchange rates do not change. however, ifexchange rates change, the use of current and average rates causes translation gains and losses.these do not occur when the historical rate is used because the same (constant) rate is used eachperiod.4. in this example, the mexican affiliate s canadian dollar loan is denominated in canadian dollars.however, because the mexican affiliate’s functional currency is u.s. dollars, the peso equivalentof the canadian dollar borrowing would be remeasured in u.s. dollars prior to consolidation. ifthe mexican affiliate’s functional currency were the peso, the canadian dollar loan would beremeasured in pesos before being translated to u.s. dollars.5. a transaction gain or loss occurs when a foreign currency transaction, e.g., a foreign currencyborrowing, is settled at a different exchange rate than that which prevailed when the transactionwas originally incurred. in this case there is an exchange of one currency for another. atranslation gain or loss, on the other hand, is simply the result of a restatement process. there isno physical exchange of currencies involved.6. it is not possible to combine, add, or subtract accounting measurements expressed in differentcurrencies; thus, it is necessary to translate those accounts that are measured or denominated in aforeign currency into a single reporting currency. foreign currency translation can involverestatement or remeasurement. in restatement, the local (functional) currency is kept as the unitof measure; that is, the translation process multiplies the financial results and relationships in thelocal currency accounts by a constant, the current rate. in contrast, remeasurement translateslocal currency results as if the underlying transactions had taken place in the reporting(functional) currency of the parent company; for example, it changes the unit of measure of aforeign subsidiary from its local (foreign) currency to the u.s. dollar.7. major advantages and limitations of each of the major translation methods follow.current rate methodadvantages:a. retains the initial relationships in the foreign currency statements.b. simple to apply.limitations:a. violates the basic purpose of consolidation, which is to present the results of a parent and its subsidiaries as if they were a single entity.b. inconsistent with historical cost.c. presumes that all local assets and liabilities are subject to exchange risk.d. while stockholders equity adjustments shield an mnc s bottom line from translation gains and losses, such adjustments could distort certain financial ratios and be confusing.current-noncurrent methodadvantages:a. distortions in translated gross margins are reduced as inventories and translated at the current rate.b. reported earnings are shielded from the distorting effects of currency fluctuations as excess translation gains are deferred and used to offset future translation losses.limitations:a. uses balance sheet classification as basis for translation.b. assumes all current assets are exposed to exchange risk regardless of their form.c. assumes long-term debt is sheltered from exchange rate risk.monetary-nonmonetary methodadvantages:a. reflects changes in domestic currency equivalent of long-term debt on a timely basis.limitations:a. assumes that only monetary assets and liabilities are subject to exchange rate risk.b. exchange rate changes distort profit margins as sales transacted at current prices are matched against cost of sales measured at historical prices.c. uses balance sheet classification as basis for translation.d. nonmonetary items stated at current market values are translated at historical rates.temporal methodadvantages:a. theoretically valid: compatible with any accounting measurement method.b. has the effect of translating foreign subsidiaries operations as if they were originally transacted in the home currency, which is desirable for foreign operations that are extensions of the parent’s activities. limitation:a. a company increases its earnings volatility by recognizing translation gains and losses currently. in arguing for one translation method over another, your students should eventually realize that, in the present state of the art, there is probably no one translation method that is appropriate for all circumstances in which translations occur and for all purposes thattranslation serves. it is probably more fruitful to have students identify circumstances in which they think one translation method is more appropriate than another.8. the current rate method is appropriate when the foreign entity being consolidated is largely independent of the parent company. conditions which would justify this methodology is when the foreign affiliate tends to generate and expend cash flows in the local currency, sells a product locally so that its selling price is largely insulated from exchange rate changes, incurs expenses locally, finances its self locally and does not have very many transactions with the parentcompany. in contrast, the temporal method seems appropriate in those instances when theforeign affiliate’s operatio ns are integrally related to the parent company. conditions which would justify use of the temporal method are when the foreign affiliate transacts business in the parent currency and remits such cash flows to the parent company, sells a product largely in the parent country and whose selling price is sensitive to exchange rate changes,sources its factor inputs from the parent company, receives most of its financing from the parent and has a large two way flow of transactions with it.9. the history of foreign currency translation in the united states suggests that the development of accounting principles does not depend on theoretical considerations so much as on political, institutional, and economic influences that affect accounting standard setting. it may be morerealistic to recognize that theoretically sound solutions are impossible as long as policyprescriptions are evaluated on practical grounds. without specific choice criteria derived frominvestor decision models, it is fruitless to argue the conceptual merits of competing accountingtreatments. it is far more productive to admit that foreign currency translation choices are simplyarbitrary.readers of consolidated financial statements should know that the foreign currency translationmethod used is one of several alternatives, and this should be disclosed. this approach is moreopen and reduces the chance that readers will draw misleading inferences.10. foreign inflation, in particular, the differential rate of inflation between the country in which a subsidiary is located and the country of its parent determines foreign exchange rates.these rates, in turn, are used to translate foreign currency balances to parent currency.11. in the united kingdom, financial statements of affiliates domiciled in hyperinflationaryenvironments must first be adjusted to current price levels and then translated using the current rate; in the united states, the temporal method would be employed. the second part of this question is designed to get students from abroad to find out what companies in their homecountries are doing and thereby be in a position to share their new found knowledge with their classmates. they need simply get on the internet and read the footnotes of a major multinational company in their home country.12. under fas no. 52, the parent currency is designated as the functional currency for an affiliate, whose operations are considered to be an integral part of the parent company’s operations.accordingly, anything that affects consolidated earnings, including foreign currency translationgains and losses, is relevant to parent company shareholders and is included in reported earnings.in contrast, when a foreign affiliate s operations are independent of the parent s, the localcurrency is designated as its functional currency. since the focus is on the affiliate s localperformance, translation gains and losses that arise solely from consolidation are irrelevant and,therefore, are not included in consolidated income.exercises solutions1. ¥250,000,000 x .008557 = $2,139,250.the difference is due to rounding.。
IASC是由来自澳大利亚、加拿大、法国、德国、日本、墨西哥、荷兰、英国和爱尔兰以及美国的会计职业团体于1973年发起成立的,其目标是制定和发布国际会计准则,促进国际会计的协调。
从1983年起,作为国际会计师联合会(IFAC)成员的所有会计职业团体均已成为IASC的成员。
中国于1998年5月正式加入IASC和国际会计师联合会。
到2000年,IASC已经拥有来自104个国家的143个成员。
1ASC的目标是,制定和发布国际会计准则,促进国际会计的协调。
截至2000年底,IASC已颁布41项国际会计准则(其中仍然有效的有36项)和24项解释公告。
国际会计准则委员会(IASC)承诺制定的核心准则(core standard)于2000年5月经证券委员会国际组织(I0SC0)认可并向各国资本市场推荐在跨境融资使用后,IASC的声誉空前提高,不仅伦敦证券交易所公开采用国际会计准则(IAS),欧盟还公告至2005年全体企业实施IAS.但是,美国SEC发表声明认为IAS 不是质量最好的准则,言下之意,美国是经济最发达的国家,因而美国FASB的准则是质量最高的。
在此情况下,IASC理事会(IASC Board)于1999年12月决议采纳战略工作组(Strategy Working Party)的未来规划建议,同意重组并投票选出7人组成的托管会提名委员会(Nominating Committee),提名委员会主席为时任美国SEC主席Arthur Levitt.提名委员会在2000年1月7日召开了第一次会议,决定设立由19人组成的托管会(Trustees),其主要职责是筹集资金、任命人员和日常监督。
2000年5月22日宣布选出的托管会成员,其主席为美国联邦储备局前主席Paul A.Volcker.2000年5月24日,IASC成员组织通过了重组决定和新章程(Constitution)。
2000年6月28日托管会任命英国ASB主席David Tweedie为重组后IASC 理事会(IASB)主席,于2001年1月1日起任职。