长宁嘉定宝山青浦等区2016高三英语二模试卷及答案

浦东新区2015学年度第二学期教学质量检测高三英语试卷2016.4II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)When I first hiked in the silent Ponderosa pines of the Black Hills, I was surprised at how quiet the world became. Nowadays, when I walk in the woods, I notice other things. I hear songs of unseen birds and catch glimpses of wildflower color, all of (25)______ make great subjects for me to put in front of a camera.Finding those birds is (26)______ I‟ve spent more time in the woods of Eastern South Dakota this year than any other. Last spring I witnessed and photographed the songbird migration for the first time. I saw brightly colored birds that I‟d never seen before. I guess I (27)______ (hook) because this spring I was back in the woods searching for more.I have a goal to photograph all the colorful birds that call South Dakota home. One that has hidden from me to this day is the Scarlet Tanager(猩红比蓝雀). They are best found in Union Grove State Park or Newton Hills and are colored red with black wings. This year, I made three separate trips to find them. I also took time (28)______ (learn) their song and call. This helped me find a female at dusk at Union Grove, but I could not get a decent photo. Later in the week, as I began another search at Newton Hills, a Summer Tanager flew to a tree next to me and gave me a long look. It was a real treat because the Summer Tanager is much (29)______ (rare) to find in South Dakota. Later in the day, I finally saw my first male Scarlet …well, his tail feathers anyway. By the time I (30)_____(spot) him, he was flying deep into the woods. I was disappointed. Then I thought this might be an invitation. “Come back into the woods. Lose (31)_____ among the leaves, listen to the song I sing and maybe one day we will meet.” I look forward to that day.(B)There may be no greater proof to a society‟s creativity and vision than Egypt‟s pyramids of Giza, but the pyramids are only part of ancient Egypt‟s heritage. Many of the devices of their society are still commonplace. Here are two of their amazing inventions.Eye MakeupSure, eye makeup might not rank alongside fire or the wheel (32)______ one of the most important discoveries in human history, but it gives the Egyptians a run for longevity. (33)______ they first invented eye makeup as far back as 4000 B.C., it has never gone out of style. Even more impressive, some cosmetically-minded cultures still create makeup using the same techniques (34)______ (originate) in Egypt thousands of years ago. They combined soot(煤烟) with a mineral to create a black mixture, which is stillpopular today.For the Egyptians, makeup was not limited to women. Status and appearance went hand in hand, and (35)______ ______ ______ the upper class was concerned, the more makeup the better. Fashion was only part of the reason for the Egyptians‟ heavy hand when applying eyeliner. They also believed that it could cure various eye diseases and even prevent them (36)______ (fall) victim to the evil eye.Breath MintsNext time you buy Mentos at the counter of 7-Eleven, you (37)______ thank the ancient Egyptians for creating a way to conceal the unpleasant smell of our mouth. Just as in modern times, bad breath in ancient Egypt was (38)______ symbol of poor dental health. Unlike us, the Egyptians didn‟t have sweet soft drinks and foods that contribute to tooth decay, but the stones (39)______(employ) to make flour for bread brought a lot of sand to their diet, which damaged their teeth.The Egyptians had specialists for many medical problems, but unfortunately, they didn‟t have dentists to fix their bad teeth. Instead, they simply suffered, and scientists (40)______ have examined mummies have found severely worn teeth, even in young Egyptians. To cope with the unpleasant smell from their rotting mouths, they invented the first mints, which were a combination boiled with honey and shaped into pills.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Developing an original and creative idea requires that two completely different networks in the brain work at the same time: the associative network alongside the more “conservative(保守的)” network, according to new research ___41___ at the University of Haifa.The researchers ___42___ that “creative thinking apparently require s …checks and balances‟.” According to the researchers, creativity is our ability to think in new ways to solve problems. But not every original solution is considered a creative one. If the idea is not fully applicable,it is not considered creative, but simply one which is ___43___.The researchers assumed that for a creative idea to be produced, the brain must ___44___ a number of different and perhaps even contradictory(矛盾的) networks. In the first part of the research, respondents were given half a minute to come up with a new, original and unexpected idea for the use of different objects. Answers provided with low frequency received a high score for originality, while those given ___45___ received a low score. In the second part, respondents were asked to give, within half a minute, their best characteristic ___46___ of the objects. During the tests, all subjects were scanned using an FMRI device to examine their brain activity while providing the answer.The researchers found ___47___brain activity in an “associative” region among participants whose originality was high. This region, which includes the medial brain areas, mainly works in the backgroundwhen a person is not concentrating, similar to daydreaming.But the researchers found that this region did not operate alone when an original answer was given. For the answer to be original, an additional region worked in cooperation with the associative region—the administrative control region, a more “conservative” region related to social norms and rules. The researchers also found that the stronger the ___48___, the better these regions work together in parallel, the greater the level of originality of the answer.“On t he one hand, there is surely a need for a region that produces innovative ideas, but on the other hand there is also the need for one that will know to ___49___ how applicable and reasonable these ideas are. The ability of the brain to operate these two regions in parallel is what results in creativity. It is possible that the most ___50___ creations of humanity were produced by people who had an especially strong connection between the two regions,” the researchers concluded.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Like many students, Ryan believes that the time and money spent on his education will pay off: he will eventually be able to get a good job and do well in the field he has chosen. And yet, ___51___ all of the years spent in school preparing to enter the workplace, many recent graduates say that they struggle with the ___52___ from classroom to career world and have difficulty ___53___ life on the job.Writer and editor Joseph Lewis suggests one reason why this is the case. Lewis believes that most of our school experiences—from childhood through university—are fairly ___54___, while life in the working world is far more uncertain. In school, ___55___, the pattern stays more or less the same from year to year. In the workplace, however, constant ___56___ is the norm, and one has to adapt quickly.Another problem that graduates entering the workforce encounter is that they are ___57___ to think analytically. In school, many students including those in college, spend a lot of time memorizing facts and repeating what they “learned” on tests. But in the workplace employees “are often expected to think critically and make ___58___ about their work, not just follow a supervisor‟s instructions.”Less time needs to be spent in school on testing, says one recent report, and more on helping students to analyze and interpret information, solve problems, and communicate their ideas effectively—skills that will prepare them to succeed in today‟s workplace.Finally, many recent graduates say that one of the biggest difficulties they face is adapting to ___59___ on the job. In the workplace, employees must regularly ___60___ with others and are often dependent on their co-workers for their success. In other words, if an employee has to work with others to complete a given project, that employee‟s ___61___ not only depends on his hard work and expertise, but also on how well his colleagues perform. Knowing how to participate effectively in teamwork—and deal with problems when they arise—is extremely important, and yet, it is also something many students don‟t get quite ___62___ to in a school setting.How can we better prepare young adults for the workplace? Recent graduates, looking back on their educational experience, have some ___63___. Many think that all students should be required to do an internship (实习) while they are in school. Volunteering part time at a company, hospital, or government organization, for example, can help one gain experience and learn skills needed to succeed in the real world. ___64___ this kind of practical work experience with classroom instruction, say the graduates, will help prepare students for the ___65___ of the workplace and make the transition from school to career world less stressful.51. A. with regard to B. thanks to C. in spite of D. in view of52. A. action B. shift C. routine D. variety53. A. turning to B. reacting to C. adjusting to D. seeing to54. A. predictable B. considerable C. accessible D. flexible55. A. however B. in addition C. for example D. in return56. A. change B. reminder C. prediction D. difficulty57. A. encouraged B. unprepared C. entitled D. undetermined58. A. predictions B. targets C. decisions D. inquiries59. A. independence B. performance C. competition D. teamwork60. A. argue B. bargain C. identify D. interact61. A. success B. ambition C. completion D. purpose62. A. attached B. exposed C. related D. addicted63. A. patience B. advice C. expectation D. relief64. A. Pairing B. Charging C. Involving D. Rewarding65. A. availability B. possibilities C. invasion D. realitiesSection BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Fans of reptiles like snakes will want to pay more attention to a special vehicle that has recently hit the streets: the Super Green Turtle Machine.Just like Batman has his Batmobile, Jesse Rothacker and Forgotten Friend Reptile Sanctuary (FFRS) can now be found touring Lancaster County in the Super Green Turtle Machine, a van with an important mission. Rothacker had co-written a song cal led “Super Green Turtle Machine” with musician Steven Courtney. The song became the inspiration for the van.FFRS is celebrating its 12th year rescuing and advocating for reptiles and creatures of all shapes and sizes. The Super Green Turtle Machine will be rolling out to upcoming Forgotten Friend programs and frequent reptile rescue calls. “We have more than 60 educational events already scheduled for 2016,”Rothacker mentioned. The programs will educate audiences of all ages about reptiles and other amazinganimals that are often given a bad reputation.“The idea behind the Turtle Machine is to take a marginalized animal group like reptiles and give them some positive publicity on social media,”Rothacker explained. When reptile fans see the van parked with its colorful turtle mascot (吉祥物) giving a thumb-up, they are invited to take a photo with the vehicle with their own thumbs up sign. “Lots of people will have an opportunity to tell their friends on Facebook and Twitter that they give reptiles a thumb-up,”Rothacher said. “Then they can post their pictures to social media with the tag Give Reptiles A Chance.” To sweeten the deal, FFRS will choose several winners from those who post photos for special prizes such as T-shirts, books, and other reptile-related items.In addition to the positive publicity, the Super Green Turtle Machine will serve a more practical purpose, as well. Rothacker and his team hope to make a few more changes to the van in the future. “The main work is done, but we‟d love to finish her up,”Rothacker shared. “We have plans to add flashing caution lights for when we stop to help snakes and turtles cross the road.” Further enhancements to the Turtle Machine include adding extra tools to help with reptile rescue pickups and live educational events.As FFRS is a non-profit, donations toward the Super Green Turtle Machine are tax deductible. Interested individuals may contribute at www. .66. What can we learn from the passage about Jesse Rothacker?A. He is good at composing songs.B. He has many batmobiles.C. He cures creatures of all shapes and sizes.D. He works for FFRS.67. What‟s the mission of the Super Green Turtle Machine?A. To roll out to the street for people to take pictures with.B. To publicize reptiles positively and give them practical help.C. To inspire people with the songs the van plays.D. To choose the winners from those posting good photos.68. What does the underlined word “marginalized” in the 4th paragraph most probably mean?A. Often neglected.B. Highly endangered.C. Much valued.D. Widely noticed.69. According to Rothacker, which of the following is NOT among the possible changes to the van?A. Flashing caution lights.B. Colourful turtle mascots.C. Tools for live educational events.D. Reptile rescue pickup tools.70. According to Miss Manners, the proper way to deal with a kid asking for gifts is _______.A. to ignore the kid ‟s request for giftsB. to scold the kid for asking for presentsC. to tell kids gift giving is voluntary and two-wayD. to advise the kid ‟s mum to teach him proper manners71. Which of the following does Miss Manners advise you to do at a party?A. Suggest guests arriving during the event.B. Directly remind guests to leave at a proper time.C. Inform guests of both starting and finishing hours.D. Give guests clear hint when they should leave the party.72. In witch part of a newspaper can you find this passage?A. Advice Section.B. Live Chats Section.C. Entertainment Section.D. Classified Ads Section.(C)In the 1990s, when an area of Brazilian rainforest the size of Belgium was cut down every year, Brazil was the world‟senvironmental villain(反派角色) and the Amazonian jungle the image of everything that was going wrong in green places. Now, the Amazon ought to be the image of what is going right. Government figures show that deforestation fell by 70% in the Brazilian Amazon region during the past decade. If clearances had continued at their rate in 2005, an extra 3.2 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide would have been put into the atm osphere. That is an amount equal to a year‟s emissions from the European Union. Arguably, then, Brazil is now the world leader in addressing climate change.But how did it break the vicious cycle(恶性循环)? The answer, according to a paper is that there was no silver bullet but instead a three-stage process in which bans, better governance in frontier areas and consumer pressure on companies worked.The first stage ran from the mid-1990s to 2004. This was when the government put its efforts into bans and restrictions. The Brazilian Forest Code said that, on every farm in the Amazon, 80% of the land had to be set aside as a forest reserve. As the study observes, this share was so high that the code could not be followed—or enforced. This was the period of the worst deforestation. Soybean prices were high and there was a vast expansion of soybean farming on the south-eastern border of the rainforest.During the second stage, which ran from 2005 to 2009, the government tried to boost its ability to police the Amazon. Brazil‟s president made stopping deforestation a priority, which resulted in better co-operation between different bits of the government. The area in which farming was banned was increased from a sixth to nearly half of the forest.The third stage, which began in 2009, was a test of whether a system of restrictions could survive as soybean expansion continued. The government shifted its focus from farms to counties (each state has scores of these). Farmers in the 36 counties with the worst deforestation rates were banned from getting cheap credit until those rates fell.By any standards, Brazil‟s Amazon policy has been a success, made the more remarkable because it relied on restrictions rather than rewards, which might have been expected to have worked better. Over the period of the study, Brazil also turned itself into a farming superpower, so the country has shown it is possible to get a huge increase in food output without destroying the forest. Moreover, the policies so far have been successful among commercial farmers who care about the law and respond to market pressures. Most remaining deforestation is by small holders who care rather less about these things, so the government faces the problem of persuading them to change their ways, too. Deforestation has been slowed, but not yet stopped.73. Brazil is considered to play a leading role in dealing with climate change because ______.A. it has rainforest as large as BelgiumB. it has cut down too much rainforestC. it has taken action to reduce deforestationD. it sent 3.2 billion tons of carbon dioxide into the air74. The underlined phrase “silver bullet” in Paragraph 2 most probably refers to______.A. a powerful weaponB. an effective solutionC. an intelligent deviceD. a golden opportunity75. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. 80% of the farmland was allowed for farming in the 1st stage.B. Soybean prices went up where farming land was expanded.C. The government hired more policemen in the Amazon area.D. The government enlarged its range of supervision in the 3rd stage.76. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Brazil has successfully eliminated deforestation.B. All the farmers care much about forest protection.C. Small farm holders are a headache for the Brazilian government.D. Both the food output and the forest in Brazil have greatly increased.77. What can be the best title of the passage?A. Cutting Down on Cutting DownB. Brazil, the World Leader in FarmingC. Restrictions Outperforming RewardsD. Former Awareness Working WondersSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Want More Innovation? Get More Diversity(多样性)Research by my colleague and I suggests that university administrators who do not work hard to attract and retain African-American teaching staff may well be missing out on an important benefit: Academic departments that are more diverse may produce more creative ideas and work.A mathematical model has been developed to study the effects of diversity. And we discovered a simple truth: More diverse groups may do better because they are less conformist（墨守成规的）.Picture it: You‟re brainstorming with you r best friend of 30 years. You grew up in the same neighborhood, went to the same school, and stood up for each other at your weddings. When a crazy idea crosses your mind, you immediately see all the reasons why he may dismiss it. On the other hand, you know what ideas he is receptive to — so why not start with those?Now suppose you‟re brainstorming with someone who grew up with a different perspective and who has very different experiences from you. Would you be more willing to share your crazy idea with her? After all, you have no clue what ideas she is open to — so why not try it out?Something like this may be going on in the academic workplace. We often don‟t realize it, but we constantly think about how people around us will react to us. In itself, this is not a bad thing. If we didn‟t put ourselves into other people‟s shoes, we‟d experience even more disagreements andmisunderstandings than we already do.But our research suggests that a little unpredictability may not be a bad thing. In fact, a little more unpredictability may be what we need to make us all a little less conformist and a little more open to trying new things.Extensive data suggest that more diverse teams outperform homogeneous(同质的) teams when it is crucial to be innovative, which agrees with our mathematical model.So if diverse groups outperform more homogeneous ones, why do university administrators not choose to hire more African-Americans? There are many possible reasons, but one is that people have a tendency to hire people like themselves. Interacting with people like ourselves allows us to stay within our comfort zones. It is certainly easier to find common ground with one‟s friend of 30 years than with a stranger. Yet given the increasing emphasis on innovation and creativit y in today‟s economy, it pays for universities to actively pursue a more racially and ethnically diverse teaching staff. So, stop hiring people who look like you.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. Research by the writer and his colleague indicates that the more diverse academic apartments are,___________________________.79. According to the writer, showing ready comprehension of others‟situation will contribute to_____________________.80. As is suggested in the research, what can make us more open to diversity?81. Why is a university administrator more likely to hire people like him?第II 卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.今晚为什么不看本杂志放松一下呢？（relax）2.他在一些无关紧要的事上花费太多时间，导致了整个项目的失败。

Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.China Set to Make Own Ballpoint Pen TipsOne of China’s major stainless steel(不锈钢) producers has independently developed the special steel needed to make the ballpoint pen tips and plans to mass-produce the material to replace (31)____ in two years.The group has spent five years on research and development to(32) ____ the technology, ending a long-term Chinese reliance on foreign pen tips.Without this technology, China’s pen manufacturers, which produce 38 billion ballpoint pens per year, have had to purchase the (33)____ parts from overseas markets, costing the industry $17.3 million a year, according to the China National Light Industry Council.“It will be one of our (34)____ products in the long run, and we will try more materials for tips of ballpoint pens to remain competitive,” said Li Jianmin, director of TISCO’s research and development center.Wang Huimian, TISCO’s senior engineer, said the company will (35)____ more financial resources and manpower to develop next-generation ballpoint pen tips in a(n) (36)____ friendly way to further compete with rivals in Japan and Switzerland.“If these real economy-related factors are underdeveloped, its key (37)____ won’t be strong,” said Wang.The pen tip issue was first brought into the spotlight by Premier Li Keqiang in January last year, (38)____ a major issue facing Chinese manufacturers —weak competitiveness in key technology.Making such products requires high-precision (39)____ and extremely-thin steel plates. Special microelements must be added to liquid steel to make a quality tip that can write continually for at least 800 meters.Eager to enhance its earning ability, the company (40)____ that it planned to produce 10.5 million metric tons of steel this year, including 4.5 million stainless steel products.Zhao Ying, a researcher at the Institute of Industrial Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in Beijing, said, “All these elements can be reached only through long-term investment and increasing development,” he said.Keys:31-35: D H K A F 35-40: B J E I CSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Keys:31-35 JDAGK 36-40 FBHCESection B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The New York Times has changed a lot in the past 10 years, embracing digital subscriptions and growing into online video and specialty areas like cooking. It has not been enough to prepare the company for the future, according to the paper’s own 2020 repor t (31) on Tuesday. “While the past two years have been a time of significant innovation, the pace must speed up,” the authors wrote in the opening of the report. “Too often, digital progress has been accomplished through workarounds; now we must tear apart the barriers. We must (32) between mission and tradition: what we do because it’s essential to our values and what we do because we’ve always done it.”The report indicates how far the paper has come in (33) itself to the digital age while also pointing out what needs to be done.The areas that need (34) are focused on the newsroom, particularly in the tools and internal structures that journalists must deal with to produce their work.Many of the report’s recommendations are (35) to anyone who closely follows the Times or newspapers in general: A(n) (36)__ __ away from print’s outsized importance on the newsroom’s operations, better ways to include multimedia in stories and a renewed effort at creating a more diverse newsroom with a variety of skills.The paper has an ongoing goal that started in 2016 of doubling digital revenue to $800 million by 2020. “To (37) our future, we need to expand considerably our number of subscribers by 2020.”The report also calls into question the formats on which theTimes —and most other newspapers —rely, namely a mix of news stories and features that are text heavy. “Too much of our daily report remains (38) by long texts.” the report states.The report stresses that the Times should do more to educate readers. “Our readers are (39) for advice from The Times. Too often, we don’t offer it, or offer it only in print-centric forms.” the report states. Perhaps the most interesting part of the report comes at the very bottom in the form of comments from the paper’s own journalists. Reporte rs said they would like to see (40)__ _ in choice of how to tell certain stories, and some disagreement about what kind of tone the Times should embrace going forward.Keys:31—35 F K H D I 36—40 B G E C ASection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Emotional DebtMany people today live under the weight of debt from loans or credit cards . As harmful as (31)_______ debt is , there is another form of debt that is even more damaging ------emotional debt.Dr . James Richards states that emotional debt occurs ‘when we experience emotional pain that remain (32)______.” If the pain is not dealt with , it will affect us our entire lives. Throughout the years , we have chances for happiness , love and success . But unresolved pain can emerge , causing us to respond in ways that aren’t reasonable , resulting in destroyed relationships and lost opportunities . Another (33)______result of emotional debt is that our friends and loved ones are affected by it and pay a high price. When we have a tendency to respond (34)_______, we often hurt those around us . Unfortunately our unsettled problems sometimes become too much for them to (35)________ causing them to abandon the relationship .People with destructive patterns should check their lives for signs of unresolved pain , for your emotional debt can come from various forms of past unfair , cruel or violent treatment or(36)_______. You may be holding onto painful memories of controlling parents or very(37)_______teachers , also you may not have dealt with the pain of a broken relationship or the death of a loved one. Any negative emotion that you have controlled over the year can come back to cause harm when you least expect it.Recognize your feelings , but don’t focus on them all the time , because (38)______and challenging your pain is difficult , but recognizing it is the first step toward dealing with it . Admit you are angry about the past , and discuss it with someone you trust , or write it down because thiswill ease some of the danger and hatred you’ve kept (39)_______ up for years . Refuse to be a victim and accept responsibility for dealing with your painful past because this puts you in charge and limits the power your emotions have over you .Take specific steps to resolve your emotional debt now rather than deal with the (40)______later .Keys:31-35 E K I G H 36-40 J D A B CSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Dear Admissions Committee,I had the pleasure of teaching Sara in her 11th grade honors English class at Mark Twain High School. From the first day of class, Sara impressed me with her ability to clearly explain difficult (31) _______ and texts, her sensitivity to the slight differences within literature, and her passion for reading, writing, and creative expression—both in and out of the classroom. Sara is a talented literary critic and poet, and she has my highest (32) _______ as a student and writer.Sara is talented at considering the elegances within literature and the (33) ______ behind authors' works. She produced an extraordinary year-long thesis paper on creative identity development, in which she compared works from three different time periods and synthesized cultural and historical (34) _______ to inform her analysis. When called upon to give her thesis defense in front of her peers, Sara spoke clearly and (35) _______ about her conclusions and responded to questions in a thoughtful way. Outside of the classroom, Sara is devoted to her literary pursuits, especially to poetry. She publishes her poetry in our school's literary magazine, as well as in online magazines. She is an insightful, sensitive, and deeply self-aware individual driven to (36)______art, writing, and a deeper understanding of the human condition.Throughout the year Sara was an active participant in our discussions, and she always supported her peers. Her caring nature and personality allow her to work well with others in a team setting, as she always respects others' opinions even when they differ from her own. When we held a class debate about gun laws, Sara chose to speak for the side opposite her own views. She explained her choice as (37) _______ by a desire to put herself in other people's shoes, view the issues from a new perspective, and gain a clearer sense of the issue from all angles. Throughout the year, Sara (38) _______ this openness to the opinions, feelings, and perspectives of others, along with sharp powers of observation, all (39) _______ that make her outstanding as astudent of literature and burgeoning writer.I am certain that Sara is going to continue to do great and creative things in her future. I highly recommend her for admission to your undergraduate program. She is talented, caring, dedicated, and focused in her pursuits. Sara consistently seeks out (40) _______ feedback so she can improve her writing skills, which is a rare and impressive quality in a high school student. Sara is truly a stand-out individual who will impress everyone she meets. Please feel free to contact me if you have any questions at callmeclemens@.Sincerely,Ms. ScribeEnglish TeacherMark Twain High SchoolKeys:31-35 H K F A D 36-40 B J I C GSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as a(n) (31) result or product that can easily be identified and measured. The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language--all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.By (32) , the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since by definition it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way. The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have, their caution or courage, as we (33) new experiences and unexpected obstacles. In this process, the journey never really ends. There are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept.In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a (34) to take risks. And we are supposed to be ready to face the (35) , and to accept the possibility that we may “fail” at first. How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow. Do we perceive ourselves as quick and curious? If so, then we tend to take more chances and to be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we think we’re (36) and shy? Then our(37) of shyness can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and not to take a step until we know the ground is safe. Do we think we’re slow to adapt to change or that we’re not smart enough to cope with a new challenge? Then we are likely to take a more(38) role or not try at all.These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow. We will (39) to grow, if we do not confront and overcome these internal fears and doubts, and if we protect ourselves too much. We become (40) inside a shell of ourown making.Keys:31-35 F A I E B 36-40 .J G K H CSection BDirection: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Making a Mistake Can Put Your Brain on ‘Pause’Mistakes can be learning opportunities, but the brain needs time for lessons to sink in.When facing fast decisions, even the (31) distraction of noting an error can decrease accuracy on the next choice, researchers report in the March 15 Journal of Neuroscience.“We have a brain region that monitors and says ‘you messed up’ so that we can correct our behavior,” says psychologist George Buzzell, no w at the University of Maryland in College Park. But sometimes, that monitoring system can backfire, (32) us from the task at hand and causing us to make another error.“There does seem to be a little bit of time for people, after mistakes, where you’re sort of (33) ,” says Jason Moser, a psychologist at Michigan State University, who wasn’t part of the study.To test people’s (34) to making mistakes, Buzzell and colleagues at George Mason University in Fairfax, Va., monitored 23 participants’ brain activity while they worked through a challenging task. Concentric（同心的）circles (35) briefly on a screen, and participants had to respond with one hand if the two circles were the same color and the other hand if the circles were slightly different shades.After making a mistake, participants generally answered the next question correctly if they had a second or so to recover. But when the next challenge came very quickly after an error, as little as 0.2 seconds, accuracy (36) by about 10 percent. Electrical activity recorded fromthe (37) cortex（大脑皮层）showed that participants paid less attention to the next experiment if they had just made a mistake than if they had responded (38) .The cognitive demand of noting and (39) the error seems to divert attention that would otherwise be devoted to the task, Buzzell says.In real life, people usually have time — even if just a few seconds — to reflect on a mistake before having to make another decision. But in some activities such as driving a car or playing a musical instrument, people must rebound from errors quickly while continuing to correctly carry out the rest of the task. Those actions might push the (40) of error processing.Keys:31-35 C J A E B 36-40 G H F D ISection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The year of wanderingBetween the preparation and the work, the traineeship and the actual dealing with a task or an art, there comes, in the experience of many young men, a period of uncertainty and wandering which is often (31)__ __ and considered as time wasted, when it is, in fact, a period rich in full and free development.It is as (32) for passionate and courageous youth to wish to know what is in life, what it means, and what it holds for its children, as for a child to reach for and search the things that surround and attract it. Behind every real worker in the world is a real man, and a man has a (33)__ __ to know the conditions under which he must live, and the choices of knowledge, power, and activity which are (34) him. In the education of many men and women, therefore, there comes the year of wandering; the experience of (35) from knowledge to knowledge and from occupation to occupation.The forces which go to the making of a powerful man can (36) be adjusted and blended (融合) without some disturbance of relations and conditions. This disturbance is sometimes injurious, because it affects the moral foundations upon which character rests; and for this reason the significance of the experience in its relation to development ought to be (37)__ __ studied. The birth of the imagination and of the passions, the perception(感知) of the richness of life, and the consciousness of the (38)__ __ of the power to master and use that wealth, create a critical moment in the history of youth, — a moment richer in possibilities of all kinds than comes at any later period.Anxiety and excitement of soul are (39)__ __ in that wonderful moment. There are times when anxiety is as normal as is self-control at other and less critical times. The year of wandering is not an indication of aimlessness, but of aspiration, and that in its excitement and uncertainty youth is often (40) to and finally prepared for its task.Keys:31-35 G E F I H 36-40 C A K B DSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.FDA OKs Genetically Modified Salmon for Human Consumption The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Thursday approved genetically modified salmon (转基因的三文鱼), the first such altered animal allowed for human consumption in the United States.The government had tried to (31) approving the fast-growing salmon for more than five years due to consumer concerns about eating genetically modified foods. But the agency said Thursday the fish is safe to eat.In announcing the approval, the FDA said that there are “no biologically(32) differences in the nutrition of AquAdvantage Salmon compared to that of other farm-raised Atlantic salmon.”AquAdvantage Salmon was created by the Massachusetts-based company AquaBounty. Ron Stotish, the company’s CEO, said in a statement that the fish is a “game changer that brings healthy and nutritious food to consumers in an environmentally(33) manner without damaging the ocean and other marine habitats.”The fish grows twice as fast as normal salmon, so it reaches (34) size more quickly. It has an added growth hormone(激素) from the Pacific Chinook salmon that allows the fish to produce growth hormone all year long. The engineers were able to (35) the hormone active by using a nother gene from an ocean pout (a kind of fish) that acts like an “on” (36) for the hormone. Typical Atlantic salmon produce the growth hormone for only part of the year.There is no evidence that the foods would be unsafe, but for some people, it’s an ethical (伦理的)(37) . Some people have promised not to sell the salmon, and it’s still unclear whether the public will (38) an appetite for the fish if it is approved. Genetic engineering is alreadywidely used for crops, but the government until now has not considered allowing the consumption of modified animals. Although the potential benefits and profits are huge, many people haveKeys:31-35 F E J B A 36-40 H C G K ISection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Leadership Traits（特质）My job puts me in contact with extraordinary leaders in many fields. So I tend to(31) _______a lot on leadership and how we can inspire successful teamwork, cooperation, and partnerships. In my experience, it is clear that the most successful leaders—both men and women—always demonstrate three (32)______ traits.TrustworthinessLeaders must set an example of honesty and justice and earn the trust of their teams through their everyday actions. When you do so with positive energy and enthusiasm for (33)______ goals and purpose, you can deeply connect with your team and customers. A culture of trust enables you to empower employees and (34)_____ the foundation for communication, accountability, and continuous improvement.Compassion (共情)You can't forget that organizational success (35)______ from the hearts and minds of the men and women you lead. Rather than treating your people as you’d like to be treated, treat them as they would like to be treated. Small gestures like choosing face-to-face meetings or sending personal (36)_____ can have an enormous impact on the spirits of the teams. In addition to thanks and praise, you must also understand people’s needs, pressures, and individual goals, which will allow yo u to lead them more effectively and (37)______ to their personal ambitions and professional development.DecisivenessIn times of (38)______ employees long for clarity. As a leader, you won't always have all of the answers—no one expects you to—so you must be open to listening and learning from others. Once you understand a particular challenge and (39)_______ the options, you have to be confidentin making bold and optimistic decisions.Successful leadership demands a lifelong commitment to sharpening these three basic skills. Wherever you have the opportunity to (40)______, the qualities of trustworthiness, compassion, and decisiveness are the keys to leadership and organizational success.Keys:31-35 G C I D B 36-40 E A K F JSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Most of us learn at primary school that there are seven continents, but the next generation of kids may be adding one more to that list.According to a recent paper published in the Geological Society of American Journal by a group of researchers,“Zealandia”is a new continent that’s (31)______ beneath the ocean.Zealandia is (32)______ to be five million sq km. Most of this massive area is covered by water, but its highest mountains already have their own name：New Zealand.The small country is the only part of Zealandia that isn’t underwater, but the paper’s authors want the huge landmass to be (33)______ worldwide as its own continent.“The scientific value of classifying Zealandia as a continent is much more than just an extra name on a list,”the researchers wrote in their paper.Scientists discovered Zealandia all the way back in 1995, then started (34)______ research on the area using underwater and satellite mapping (35)______. After completing their work, they were finally able to write a report suggesting that Zealandia be named a continent.But who decides on what is a continent and what isn’t? There is, in fact, no offici al organization that does. Some countries’ schools teach that there are six or even five continents. This changes depending on where in the world school is.Due to their (36)____ as a “continuous expanse of land”,some classify Europe and Asia as the same continent -- known as Eurasia. Schools in Russia and parts of Eastern Europe teach this.And to make things even more confusing, France and Greece, as well as other countries, classify North America and South America as simply America.This argument over how land is defined has even (37)______ into outer space. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union（IAU）decided that Pluto was no longer a planet, 76 years afterits (38)_____ in 1930. Experts argued that it no longer met the requirements needed to be called a planet alongside the eight others in our solar system. It was therefore renamed a “dwarf planet（矮行星）”，meaning that (39)_____ books, models and museum exhibits all over the world had to be (40)______.But will the world take the same notice of Zealandia? The best way to tell is to keep an eye on our textbooks.Keys:31-35 DJEHA 36-40 KCFIGSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Swedish Archaeologists Make New DiscoveriesArchaeologists have begun exploring an unknown ancient city at a village called Vlochos , five hours north of Athens . The Archaeological (31)_______are scattered on and around the Strongiloveni hill on the great Thessaliam plains and can be traced to several historical periods.“What used to be considered remains of some (32)______settlement can now be upgraded to remains of a city higher significance than _(33)______thought,” says Robin Ronnland , PhD student in Classical Archaeology and Ancient History at the university of Gotheoburg and leader of the firework.“We came across the site which has never been explored before in connection with another project last year and retailed the great (34)______right away .”Working together with the Swedish Institute at Athens and the local archaeological service in Karditsa , the Vlochos Archacological Project (VLAP) was started with an aim to explore the remains . The project’s research team completed the first field season during two weeks in September 2016.Ronnlund says that the hill is hiding many (35)______. Remains of towers , walls and city gates can be found on the mountaintop and slopes , but (36)_____anything is visible on the ground below . The ambition is to avoid digging and instead use (37)_______such as ground—penetrating radar. This will enable the team to leave the site in the same (38)______as it was in when they arrived. The success of this method is (39)_______from the results of the first field season.“ We found a town square and a street network that indicate that we are dealing with quite alarge city . The area inside the city wall measured over 40 hectares . We also found ancient pottery and coins that can help to (40)_______the city . Our oldest finds are from around 500 BC, but the city seems to have flourished mainly from the fourth to the third century BC before it was abandoned for some reason , maybe in connection with the Roman conquest of the area.Ronnlund believes that the Swedish-Greek project can provide important clues as to what happened during this violent period in Greek history.KEYS:31-35 H I C J E 36-40 G A B D F。

One【2072虹口区】Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits eachblank.Loss of Biodiversity (生物多样性) Affects Human Society If a species of bee disappears forever or a particular plant is extinct, what does it have to do with us humans? Well, according to a team of international scientists, biodiversity is dropping below levels (21) ______ (consider) safe for the health and happiness of human societies.The issue is that everything is inter-connected and ecosystems support our societies (22) ______ they provide us with, for example, food, fibres and fuels.If species go on disappearing, this can disturb many vital processes (23) ______ crop pollination (授粉) and the decomposition (分解) of waste.A framework which defines the environmental limits within (24) ______ humans can really operate -- called planetary boundaries -- says (25) ______ (lose) more than 10% of the biodiversity in an area places the local ecosystem at risk.Ecosystems are all different but this percentage is considered as a good measure of safety.A study published in the magazine Science suggests that 58% of the world’s land surface (26) ______ (reduce) below this level already.These areas house 71% of the global population.Professor Andy Purvis, from Imperial College London and the Natural History Museum, is one of the authors of the study.He says, “Once we’re the wrong side of the boundary, (27) ______ doesn’t mean everything goes wrong immediately, but there is a remarkable higher risk (28) ______ things will go badly wrong.”The researchers found that grasslands, savannas and shrub lands were most affected by biodiversity loss on average.Purvis hopes this report (29) ______ become a wake-up call to thosewho design policies.Here’s his warning: “Decision-makers worry a lot about economic recessions (衰退), but an ecological recession could have even (30) ______ (bad) consequences –and the biodiversity damage we’ve had means we’re at risk of that happening.Until and unless we can bring biodiversity back up, we’re playing ecological roulette (轮盘赌).”Keys:21.considered 22.because / as / since 23.like 24.which 25.losing26.has been reduced 27.it 28.that 29.can 30.worseSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Should Children Ban Their Parents from Social Media?It might be taken for granted - but no previous generation of children will have had the experience of having their entire childhoods intensively and publicly documented in this way.But the very first people to have had some of their childhood pictures __21__ (post) online are not always happy about their formative years being preserved in digital world.Parents may not realize it, but by posting photos and videos of their children online, they are creating an identity for their children __22__ might not be welcomed.Lucy is a good example.She said she had asked her dad to de-tag her from “stuff that doesn’t necessarily represent __23__ I am now.That’s not something I’d want to remember every time I log on to Facebook…It isn’t the best memories, which is the way you’d like to reveal __24__ on social media.”Stories about online privacy are often about children and teenagers being warned of the dangers of publishing too much personal information online.But in this case it’s their parents who are in the spotlight.For some parents, __25__ (safe) option is avoiding social media altogether. Kasia Kurowska from Newcastle is expecting her first child in June and has agreed with her partner Lee to impose a blanket ban __26__ her children are old enough to make their own decisions about social media.But she has two big concerns about her plan.Firstly, it will be difficult __27__ (impose).“When their auntie comes round and takes a picture, we’re going to have to be like paparazzi police, saying, please don’t put these on Facebook.And secondly, thechild might dislike __28__ (not own) an online presence, especially if all of their friends do.But I __29__ (keep) a digital record of them.It just won’t have been shared on a platform __30__ the masses.”Keys:21.posted 22.that/which 23.who/that 24.yourself/yourselves 25.the safest26.until/before 27.to impose 28.not owning 29.will keep 30.forSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Over the past sixteen years of my life, I have grown to be a very independent person.This can be both good and bad in the sense that I am able to do things (21)________ my own, yet at times struggle with taking advice from others.Sometimes, hearing what other people have to say can be one of the hardest things to do.However, getting advice from (22)________ cares about you can impact your life in great ways.Because of this, I began realizing that my mom’s guidance throughout my life has never steered me wrong.This is why I believe you (23)________ always listen to your mother.This belief has not been easy (24)________ (realize).It has taken endless amounts of time in which I decided to go against what my mom had to say, and later discovered that she was right.I think we can all agree that (25)________ (admit) your mom was right is always a hard thing to do.But what else are you supposed to say (26)________ you are standing outside in the freezing cold, shaking because you did not wear that extra jacket you (27)________ (tell) to wear?When I was twelve years old, I had the experience of a lifetime.However, I would have missed out if it hadn’t been for my mom.She had been planning a trip to Turkey for work, (28)________ (offer) to bring my sister and me along with her.When I first heard about this opportunity, I was terrified.Never had I been out of the country before.I thought to (29)________, “Is she crazy?”My mom then began to say, “(30)________ is known to all, one needs to step out of his comfort zone and try something new in order to encounter larger-than-life ideas.”Aftergoing back and forth with my own thoughts, I decided to go on the trip.And boy, she was right.Going to Turkey will forever be one of my greatest memories and I am thankful I got to visit that amazing country.Keys:21.on 22.whoever 23.should/must 24.to realize 25.admitting/to admit 26.when/while/if 27.were told/had been told 28.offering 29.myself 30.AsII.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Surviving Art TraditionNative American Indians expressed themselves through their artwork, which is carved onto totem（图腾）poles.Many people hold the belief (21) _____all Native American Indian tribes （部落）carve的totem poles, but this is far from the truth .Carving totem poles was a tradition among many tribes , especially those that lived along the Pacific coast (22)______forest grew.However , those Native American Indians who lived in the south west and the plains , and Indians , but (23)______(few) trees to carve than Pacific tribes.The height of totem poles can vary considerably .Long ago totem poles (24) _______(find) to stand around 12m tall .Today , Native American Indian artists continue to care trees, but some totem poles are short and are used in homes as decoration .(25) _______is not surprising that a genuine pole will cost more than $1500 per meter because traditionally carved totem involve a great deal of work , craftsmanship and time to produce.The raising of a totem pole is an important celebration among the India tribe .A hole is dug for the pole to stand in .The pole is carried to the site in a ceremony which other hundreds of people attend.Ropes are used (26)________(raise) the pole into place.Singing and dancing to drums accompanies the pole raising .Often poles are raised in this way (27) ________the carving begins .Carvers do their jobs then on the site.Many people believe that totem poles are religious symbols , but this idea is false.Instead of (28) _______(act) as religious symbols , carvings represent the tribal nation and convey the tribes’history .The story of a totem pole is frequently passed down from generation to generation .Having the story documented this way helps keep this tradition (29) _________(recognize) in our history .These days , many totem poles no longer exist (30) _______ _______ decay and rot.However , there are still some tribes that continue to practice this ancient are form , and these totem poles are still being enjoyed by collections of tribal art.Keys:21.that 22.where 23.fewer 24.were found 25.It26.to raise 27.before 28.acting 29.recognized 30.because ofII.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A painter hangs his or her finished pictures on a wall, and everyone can see it.A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it (21) _____ it is performed.Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is absolutely dependent on them.A student of music needs as long and as tough a training to become a performer as a medical student needs (22) ______（become）a doctor.Most training is concerned (23) _____ technique, for musicians have to be as muscularly skillful as an athlete or a ballet dancer.Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords（声带）would be inadequate without (24) ______（control）muscular support.String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow back and forth with the right arm, (25) ______ are two entirely different movements.Singers and instruments have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune.Pianists (26) ______（spare）this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, and it is the piano tuner’s responsibility to tune the instrument for (27) ______ .But they have their own difficulties; the hammers that hit the string must be dealt with carefully not to sound like drum or bass, and each tone, even if played very fast, has to sound clear.The problem (28) ______（face）student conductors is that they have to learn to know everynote of the music and (29) ______ it should sound, and they need to aim at controlling these sound with enthusiastic but selfless authority.Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding.Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music (30) ______ they can enjoy performing works written in any century.KEYS:21.until/before 22.to become 23.with 24.controlled 25.which26.are spared 27.them 28.facing 29.how 30.thatⅡ.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blankOne steamy July afternoon in central Arkansas, I was working on an important project in my home office.My trusty printer was busy producing an important report (21) ______ it simply stopped.After fifteen minutes of trying to repair, I decided to buy a new printer.Upon my return, my heart froze to see my house on fire.(22) ______ having spent much of my life writing, I was speechless when facing this situation.I was lost for adequate words (23) ______ (describe) the sick, sinking feeling of seeing my home, business, and belongings going up in flames along with photographs and memories (24) ______ (collect) over a lifetime.But the panic that filled my shocked heart in that awful moment was for the nine cats that shared my home after (25) ______ (rescue) from situations of ill-treatment and abandonment.Responding to an early security-system warning, the amazing firefighters arrived immediately, (26) ______ the chemical smoke had already caused deaths.I examined and kissed each cat goodbye, extremely grateful that they had passed gently, without injuries or burns.Only animal lovers really understand the unbelievable impact (27) ______ the loss of one beloved four-legged family member can have on your heart, mind and soul.The loss of so many dearly loved creatures sent me in great sorrow.After staying with a friend of mine for a couple of weeks, I was relocated to a furnished apartment.One evening, about a month after moving in, I (28) ______ (occupy) in writing amystery novel, and at that time a “meow”sounded from outside the apartment door.Was it my mind playing tricks again? More than once I had heard, seen or felt the brush of one of my departed furry roommates.The meow grew louder and more repetitive.Curious, I opened the door. Sitting on the doorstep was a kitten with a black coat and alert eyes.A neighbor (29) ______ (walk) by picked him up and began petting him.When I remarked how cute her kitten was, she explained that it had been born under a bridge and looked around for food.This kitty-loving neighbor was quick to offer an extra litter box if I was interested in giving him a home.My immediate reaction was: “that’s all I need!”without hesitation she put the cute kitten down.I thanked her and closed the door, determined to just let him stay (30) ______ a real home could be found.KEYS:21.when 22.Despite/Although 23.to describe 24.collected 25.being rescued 26.but 27.that/which 28.was occupied 29.Walking 30.untilII.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Loving Life in MoosoneeBorn in Moose Factory Island, located about 12 miles inland from the James Bay coastline in northern Ontario, I spent my early childhood years in nearby Moose River Crossing.Our family returned to Moose Factory later, so my siblings（兄弟姐妹）and I could continue our education, （21）______ the local school had been closed down.Moose River Crossing is situated along the only railroad track in Canada that reaches all the way up to the northern community of Moosonee, Ont., which later（22）______ (become) — and still is — my true hometown.（23）______ my siblings and I were growing up, I always sensed something was missing in my life, (24)_________ fundamental to my very identity, to who I was and where I came from.Over the years, I began to learn more（25）______ my Native culture, the history and our way of life.Then, in 2009, I met a man who later became my husband.（26）______(be) an ambassador of the land and a hunter, my husband taught me how to hunt, fish, set nets, snare rabbits, make a fire in the rain, read the weather and drive a boat.Even after having lived in Moosonee for 26 years, I had never experienced and learned so much on the land and the mighty Moose River,（27）______ the sunsets are breathtakingly beautiful, as I did in the relatively short time I’ve known my husband.I am so thankful and proud（28）_____(give) the opportunity to lead this kind of lifestyle, which someday will be passed on to my grandchildren.Today, I continue to trace my roots and try to live my life according to them.I have also been back to Moose River Crossing after being away for many years.My older sister and only brother, both hunters, along with a few nephews and nieces, continue to carry on the traditions of our ancestors in Moose River Crossing.Every year, our family gathers for a spring hunt, mainly geese and ducks.In summertime, wego fishing and, in the fall, we head out hunting.In addition to (29)_______(add) to our foods for the year, these excursions are (30)________ our family stories and recollections are shared the most.And there are plenty of stories to go around, all of which are close to my heart and a big part of who I am today.KEYS:21as / because / since 22 became 23 While / When / As 24 something 25 about26.Being 27.Where 28.to be given 29.Adding 30.WhereII.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The real reason you should never skip breakfastWe always hear that breakfast is the most important meal of the day, and now new research has confirmed what we (21) _________ ( tell ) for years: skipping that morning meal is a very bad idea.New guidance released by the American Heart Association and(22) _________ ( support ) by British experts from the British Heart Foundation warns that skipping breakfast could raise your risk of obesity, diabetes and heart disease, the Daily Mail reports.The review, which was led by scientists from Columbia University in New York, also revealed that up to a third of adults didn’t have breakfast, (23) _________ snacking throughout the day instead ––resulting in health risks.After reviewing numerous studies, the team concluded that (24) _________ who ate regular, healthy breakfast every day were (25) _________ ( likely ) to overeat later on.As a result, their bodies had more time to burn off energy from food before bed.The team suggested we should all aim to eat between 15 and 25% of our daily energy intake early in the morning, which roughly (26) _________ ( equal ) 300-500 calories for a woman and 375-625 calories for a man.(27) _________ the team didn’t provide a sample breakfast, they suggested choosing meals that were high in vital nutrients, including fiber, calcium, potassium and vitamin D.Professor Marie-Pierre St-Onge, (28) _________ led the review panel, said: “Meal timing may affect health due to its impact on the body’s internal clock.We suggest that people eat mindfully, by paying attention to planning both what you eat and (29) _________ you eat meals and snacks, to combat emotional eating.Many people find that emotions can stimulate them to eat when they are not hungry, which often leads to (30) _________ ( eat ) too many calories fromfoods that have low nutritional value.”Lacking some inspiration for tomorrow morning? Check out our collection of fast and healthy breakfast ideas for a fool-proof start to the day.KEYS:21.have been told 22.supported 23.before 24.those 25.less likely 26.equal(l)ed 27.While/Though/Although 28.who 29.when 30.eatingII.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits eachblank.Delivering Food by DroneA Singapore restaurant plans to use drones (遥控飞机) to transport food and drinks from the kitchen to a wait station near customers’ tables.Infinium Robotics, the S ingapore company that’s developing the drones for restaurant chain Timbre, has spent the past two weeks testing the technology at the restaurant before it opens each night 21 business and hopes to have it in place by the end of the year.But how does the drone know where to hover (盘旋)? What if someone bumps into the drone or is standing in its way? “There’s no chance at all 22 it will hit anything,” says Infinium Robotics chief executive Junyang Woon.The drones automatically charge while 23 (wait) in the kitchen. 24 the chef puts an order on the drone, he hits a button on a keypad and the drone automatically flies to one of two wait stations.Sense-and-avoid technology 25 (build) into the drone won’t allow it to land at the wait station if anything is in its way.The drones are equipped with sonar (声纳系统) and an infrared sensor (红外线传感器), too.A waiter then removes the food or drink from the drone and hits a button 26 sends it back to the kitchen.The drones, weighing a little over five pounds, 27 carry just over four pounds of food.Infinium Robotics is working on a model that will carry twice as 28 (much) food.“Its job is to help the waiters to reduce some of their boring tasks, ”Woon said.“If they let the robots 29 (do) the job, they can concentrate on interacting with customers to bring about higher customer satisfaction and dining experience.”Since it drew recent media attention, Woon 30 (hear) from resorts and restaurants in 10 countries, including the United States.Keys:21.for 22.that 23.waiting 24.After 25.built26.that/which 27.can 28.much 29.do 30.has heardII.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Wildlife in DeclineThe populations of Earth’s wi ld vertebrates (脊椎动物）have declined by 58% over the past four decades, according to the Living Planet Report 2016 published by the World Wildlife Fund. Climate change and activities such as deforestation and poaching（偷猎）are in large part (21)______(blame) for the decline.If the trend continues, by 2020, the world (22)________(lose) two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity.“Sadly, there is no sign yet (23)________ this rate will decrease,”the report says.“Across land, fresh water and the oceans, human acti vities are forcing wildlife populations to the edge," says Marco Lambertini, director-general of WWF International.The Living Planet Report is published every two years.It aims to provide an assessment of the state of the world’s wildlife.The 2016 study included 3700 different species of birds, fish, mammals, amphibians and reptiles around the world.The team collected data from more than 3000 sources, including government statistics and surveys (24) ______ (carry) out by conservation groups.They then analyzed (25) ______ the population sizes had changed over time.Lambertini said some groups of animals had done worse than others.''We do see particularly strong declines (26) ______ the freshwater environment.For freshwater species alone, the decline stands at 81% since 1970.This is related to the way that water (27)________(use) and taken out of freshwater systems, and also to the fragmentation（分裂）of freshwater systems through dambuilding, for example.”The report also highlighted other species, such as African elephants, (28) ________ nave suffered huge declines in recent years, and sharks, which are threatened by overfishing.(29) ________ ________ ________ all the terrifying facts, however, some conservationists say there is still hope.“One of the things that I think is the most important is that these wild animals haven't yet gone extinct,”said Robin Freeman，head of the Zoological Society of London.“On the whole, (30) ________ are not dying out, and that means we still have opportunities to do something about the decline.”Keys:21.to blame 22.will have lost 23.that 24.carried 25.how 26.in 27.is used 28.which 29.In spite of 30.theySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.I was standing in the checkout line behind a woman who looked to be in __21__ 60s.When it was her turn to pay, the cashier greeted her by name and asked her how she was doing.The woman looked down, ___22___（shake）her head and said:“Not so good.”My husband just lost his job and my son is up to his old tricks again.The truth is, I don’t know how I’m going to get through the holidays.”Then she gave the cashier food stamps.My heart ached.I wanted to help but didn’t know how.（23）______I offer to pay for her groceries or ask for her husband’s resume?As I walked into the parking lot, I saw the women ___（24）（return）her shopping cart.I remembered something in my purse（25）________I thought could help her.It wasn’t a handful of cash or an offer of a job for her husband, but maybe it would make her life better.My heart pounded as I approached the woman.“Excuse me,”I said, my voice trembling a bit.“I couldn’t help overhearing what you said to the cashier.It sounds like you’re going through a really hard time right now.I’m so sorry.I’d like to give you something.”I handed her the small card from my purse.When the woman read the card’s only two words, she began to cry.And through her tears, she said: “You have no idea（26）_______ this means to me.”I was a little startled by her reply.（27）________（not do）anything like this before, I didn’t know w/hat kind of reaction I might receive.All left for me (28)_______（say）was：“Oh.Would it be OK to give you a hug?”（29）________we embraced, I walked back to my car --and began to cry, too.The words on the card?“You Matter.”A few weeks earlier, a colleague gave me a similar card（30）____ encouragement for a project I was working on.When I read the card, I felt a warm glow spread inside of me.Deeply touched, I came home and ordered my own box of You Matter card and started sharing them.Keys:21 .her 22 , shook 23, Should 24 returning 25.that26, what 27 .Not having done 28.to say 29 After 30.AsSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Whether in the workplace or the football field , effective teamwork can produce amazing results , However , _____21_______(work) successfully as a team is not as easy as it may seem.Effective teamwork certainly does not just happen automatically , it takes a great deal of hard work and compromise .There are a number of factors ____22___must be in place to make a good team.Effective leadership is one of the most important factors of good teamwork .The team’s leader should possess the skills ____23____(create) a positive working environment and motivate and inspire the team members to talk a positive approach to work and be committed.An effective team leader will promote a high level of spirit and make them feel ____24_____（value）Communication is a vital factor of all interpersonal relationship and especially that of a team .Team members must be able to express their feelings , share ideas and see each other’s opinions.Conflicts will arise ____25____well a team functions together .The best/ way to deal with conflicts is to have some organized methods of handling conflicts.Team members should be able to voice their concerns ____26_____fear of offending others.Instead of avoiding conflict issues , a practical approach that ____27____(settle) them quickly is much better .It is often advised that the team leader sit with the conflicting parties and help work out their differences without taking sides。

上海市四区联考（静杨青宝）2016届高三4月高考模拟高三英语第I卷（共105分）II. Grammar and VocabularySection Awas Black music that broke through to white culture when whites played the Blacks’ songs_____ 25. Rock’n’rollthe same style.A. withB. onC. inD. by26. The information he gave us was quite different from _____ we got ourselves.A. oneB. thoseC. thatD. itm sorry I insulted you, Jimmy.27. –I’–That’s _____ like it.A. moreB. mostC. lessD. least28. There _____ be any difficulty in passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school.A. mustn’tB. shan’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t29. He damaged his leg so badly in the accident that the bone _____.A. exposedB. has exposedC. is exposedD. was exposed30. If you “look the other way” while something bad is happening, that means you choose _____ that thing.A. ignoringB. to ignoreC. ignoredD. to be ignored31. At present, a few American companies _____ deals with Chinese companies to license Chinese technology.A. are even makingB. even makeC. even madeD. have even made32. It’s a shame to say it again, but I did tell a lie when _____ last time in my teacher’s office.A. having questionedB. to questionC. questionedD. to be questioned33. We haven’t settled the question _____ it is necessary for him to study abroad.A. ifB. whereC. whetherD. that34. My grandfather runs in the park nearby every morning _____ it rains.A. except thatB. except whenC. exceptD. except for35. None of us think it any good _____ a contract with such a dishonest boss.A. signingB. to signC. signedD. sign36. A reward of 50 thousand yuan will be offered by the local police to _____ can provide any clues leading tothe arrest of the bank robbers.A. whoeverB. whomeverC. whoD. whom37. Many a time _____ her answers in the test paper because she is not confident enough of herself especiallywhen it comes to a critical moment.A. the girl has changedB. has changed the girlC. did the girl changeD. has the girl changed38. E-mail is a convenient, highly democratic informal medium for conveying message among people _____well satisfies human needs.A. whatB. whoC. thatD. how39. My uncle hesitated for a long time _____ he decided to buy a flat, as he was not quite sure whether the priceof the house would go up or not.A. unlessB. beforeC. ifD. until40. _____ by the host three times, the contestant had to turn to the audience present for help.A. Having deniedB. DenyingC. Being deniedD. Having been deniedSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Watching a child struggle to breathe during an asthma(哮喘) attack is frightening for any parent. So it is only natural that most moms and dads will try just about anything —including spending a lot of money—to keep anattack at __41__. Trouble is, more than half of parents are tryingstrategies that simply don’t work and wastinghundreds of dollars in the__42__.According to Dr. Michael Cabana, a pediatrician at the University of Michigan ’s C.S. Mott Children ’s Hospital, who led the study, one of the most__43__ mistakes was to buy a mattress cover to protect against dust mites(尘螨)for a child whose asthma instead was made even worse by plant pollen. Many of those parents then __44__ to do what would have helped a lot more: shut the windows to keep pollen out. Another was using a humidifier for a child who was allergic（过敏）to dust mites; a humidifier__45__ to be a place where dust miteslike to __46__. With those allergies, a dehumidifier works better.Worst of all was the number of smokers with asthmatic children who didn ’ｔ even try to quit or at least__47__ themselves to smoking outdoors rather than just moving to another room or the garage. Many smokingparents__48__ expensive air filters that have what Cabana called“questionable utility.”Part of the problem, Dr. Cabana and his colleagues believe, is that parents are bombarded by television ads that encourage them to buy products such as air and carpet fresheners, ionizers and other remedies that are often expensive but medically __49__. And doctors may not always take the time, or have the time, to explain to parents what will and won’t work in their child’s particular case.III. Reading Comprehension Section AAesthetic （审美的）thought of a distinctively modern art emerged during the 18thcentury. The westernphilosophers and critics of this time devoted much attention to such matters as natural beauty, the sublime, and representation —a trend __50__ the central position they had given to the philosophy of nature. __51__ that time, however, the philosophy of art has become ever more famous and has begun to__52__ the philosophy of nature. Various issues__53__to the philosophy of nature have had a(n) __54__ impact on the orientation of 20th-centuryaesthetics. Foremost among these are problems relating to the theory of art as form and__55__ the distinction between representation and expression. Still another far-reaching question has to do with the value of art. Two __56__ theoretical positions have taken on this issue: one holds that art and its appreciation are a means to some recognized moral good, __57__ the other maintains that art is intrinsically(固有的) valuable and is an end in itself.Underlying this whole issue is the concept of taste, one of the basic concerns of aesthetics. In recent years there has also been an increasing preoccupation with art as the prime object of critical judgment. Corresponding to the trend in contemporary aesthetic thought, __58__have followed either of the two approaches. In one, criticism is __59__ to the analysis and interpretation of the work of art. __60__, it is devoted to expressing the response to the aesthetic object and to justifying a particular way of perceiving it.Over the years, aesthetics has developed into a broad __61__ of knowledge and inquiry. The __62__ of contemporary aesthetics include such problems as the nature of style and its aesthetic significance; the relation of aesthetic judgment to __63__; the viability(可行性) of a history of art; the significance of Freudian psychologyand other forms of psychological study to criticism; and the place of aesthetic judgment in __64__ reasoning inA. breedB. commonC. limitD. spendsE. processF. purchasedG. tendsH. bayI. unnecessaryJ. neglected。

宝山（嘉定）区中考英语质量抽查试卷2016.0434.His joke sounded,and it made all the people there laugh a lot.A.amazingB.clearlyC.amusingD.well35.Eric completed science test in our class.A.more quicklyB.most quicklyC.the quickestD.quicker36.The library of our neighbourhood ten hours a day.A.opensB.is openC.has openedD.is openedone can only be used once.(8%)A.came back to lifeB.missingC.highD.topE.followingEaster(复活节)is one of the oldest and mostimportant Christian(基督教的)holidays.Christians celebrate Easteron the Sunday 46the first full moon after March 21.They think ofEaster Sunday as the day that Jesus(耶稣)47.Easter Sunday is always between March 22and April 25.Before Easter,Christian families decorate eggs with different colours and patterns.On Easter Sunday children wake up to find those eggs 48,and they will look for the eggs all around the house.Some organizations also hold Easter-egg hunts(复活节寻蛋活动),and the child who finds the most eggs wins a prize.In England,Germany and some other countries,children roll eggs down hills on Easter morning.They go to the 49of a large hill with a decorated egg,roll the eggs down the hill,and the last egg to break is the winner.In every little girl’s toy box,there might be aBarbie Doll(芭比娃娃).Barbie is 57years old thisyear.It was designed in 1959by an Americanbusiness woman named Ruth Handler.She and herhusband Elliott started the toy company Mattel.She named the new doll 50their daughterBarbara.The first Barbie Doll appeared at the toy fair in New York on March 9th ,1959.This date is used as Barbie’s birthday.Mattel sold three hundred thousand Barbie Dolls in the first year at a price of three dollars.Today,a 57-year-old Barbie in good 51might cost more than twenty-seven thousand dollars.Mattel says 90%of the girls in the United States aged from three to ten own at least one Barbie Doll.When Mattel 52Barbie Dolls half a century ago,they never though this doll would become a legend(传说).Now Barbie Dolls are famous all over the world.They are sold in one hundred and fifty countries,and every53three Barbie Dolls are A.condition B.created C.after D.second E.twicesold around the world.It in our city in winter.68.one week,Harry Potter,the book,reading,Laura,spent连词成句Part3Reading and WritingVI.Reading comprehension(50%)A.Choose the best answer.(12%)People used to find it safe to keep their treasureand money in some secret or unknown places.They tried various ways as they could think out.They buried(埋)treasure to stop other peoplefrom taking it.They chose a quiet place,dug a deep hole and buried the treasure in it.Then they made a map of where the treasure was or wrote down other clues that would help them or someone else to find it again. In Britain a few years ago,a writer wrote about some treasure that he had buried.He put clues in the story to help readers find it.Thousands of people hunted for the treasure.They dug holes all over Britain,hoping to find it.One of the most popular adventure stories ever written is Robert Louis Stephenson’s “Treasure Island”,an exciting story about a young boy,Jim Hawkins,who is captured by pirates(海盗)and later finds some buried treasure.Then there is the true story about a man who had to travel overseas for a year.He did not trust banks,so he buried his life savings in a park.Then he went away.On his return,he went straight to the park.But the park was no longer there.In its place there was a huge building.And then there was a woman who buried her savings,all in bank notes.,in a waterproof(防水的)bag.When she dug it up years later,there was nothing left. Worms and insects had eaten the bag and everything in it.And of course,these are stories about people who bury things and either forget where they have buried them or lose the map.Although it is true that people sometimes lose their money because a bank fails,banks are still the safest place to keep our savings and treasures.69.People who bury treasure usually.A.try to prevent others from taking itB.have a little moneyC.want to live in a quiet placeD.expect to leave it to others70.could help them or someone else to find it again.A.Making a map of the place and writing down some cluesB.Digging another hole and writing some cluesC.Colouring the place and making the mapD.Asking someone else and numbering the place71.A writer in Britain.A.really had buried some small coinsB.started a nationwide treasure huntC.had lost his treasure and wanted people to help him find itD.caused trouble because people dug holes everywhere72.“Treasure Island”.A.is a story about piratesB.is about the adventures of Jim HawkinsC.is the most popular detective story ever writtenD.is a well-known fairy tale73.The man who buried his money in a park.A.though his money was safer there than in a bankB.stayed away longer than he expectedC.got his life saving back againD.travelled on the sea for a year74.From these stories we understand that.A.we cannot trust banksB.we should not trust anyoneC.burying may not be the safe way to keep something valuableD.insects can keep anything valuableB.Choose the words or expressions to complete the passage.(12%)It was a very fine day,Jane went to the theatre on herbirthday with her sister and brother-in-law,Bill.It was a historical play,set75 the eighteenth century,so all the actors were wearing costumes of the period.The first80.A.hoped B.thought C.observed D.realizedC.Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.(14%)It seems school children all over the world complain about their school food.CherieBlair,the wife of former British Prime Minister(英国前首相)Tony Blair,said that she would prepare a p81South AfricaMost of South Africa’s schools do not serve meals at all.Classes end at l:30pm and students get their own lunches.Many students bring food from home,u86 sandwiches.Fast food and fried food sell the best amongstudents,which has led to a rise in obesity amongplayed on a board made up of a grid(网络)of19by19squares.The game opens with players taking turns to place black and white playing pieces,known as“stones”,on the vacant intersections,known as the“point”(空白交叉点)of the board.The aim,as the translation of its name means,is to surround a larger total area of the board thanyour opponent(对手)by the end of the game.The contest was held in Seoul,the capital of South Korea,and has attracted huge。

2016年高三英语二模——选词填空1宝山嘉定长宁青浦Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. alternativeB. appealC. benefitD. differE. energizingF. fascinatedG. marineH. naturalistI. preserveJ. specializingK. unspoiledEcotours are unique adventures that join nature and sightseeing into one exciting package. Learning about the environment and the world around us is the 41 of an ecotour because you get to experience the natural world firsthand. A great way for students studying biology and environmental sciences to experience 42 life and nature is to take your own ecotour! Orlando airboat rides can give you an experience to remember and can be a fun and 43 way to learn more about the Florida environment.Ecotours involve travelling to a natural environment where you are guided by a(n) 44 helping you learn about the surrounding environment and extend your environmental education. This can include learning how the plants and animals on your Orlando airboat rides 45 from each other, or you can be simply becoming more aware of preservation efforts towards the Everglades, the largest wetland in North America.Orlando airboat rides can help you learn about Florida history, observe alligators (短吻鳄) and other wildlife, and experience the 46 nature of the muddy wilderness. Taking an ecotour can help you become more aware of your environment and further instruct you on the impact we have on the environment. Our goal is to help you understand the Everglades and how important it is to 47 the wetland.Wild Florida provides the perfect opportunity for a school trip that satisfies those 48 with learning more about environmental sciences, or to those just curious about the Everglades. Hands-on and active learning on an airboat ride is often a more exciting and adventurous 49 to sitting in a classroom, so why not plan your ecotrip with Wild Florida?Wild Florida is reputable for 50 in creating an exciting and unique ecotour that‘s fun for everyone in your family! You will be flying through the muddy Everglades in our airboat rides while observing and learning about alligators, bald birds, the history of the Everglades, and so much more. Book your Orlando airboat rides today by calling us at 407-901-2563 to experience a one-of-a-kind ecoto ur that you won‘t soon forget.BGEHC KIFAJ2崇明区Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beused once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. standardB. experiencedC. potentiallyD.orderlyE. extremelyF. termsG. powerH. benefitI. comparedJ. noticeableK. scannedPaying more for a ticket to see a film in 3D is the cause of annoyanceof many a cinema-goer‘s life. But there may be a(n) 41 to doing so, as a study has claimed that 3D films exercise the brain and improve short-term functioning in a similar way to brain-training tests.The research was led by neuroscientist(神经科学家)Dr Patrick Fagan from Goldsmiths University in London. More than 100 people took part in the experiment, where participants watched Disney film Big Hero6in either 42 type or RealD 3D. They also carried out a brain-training-style test before and after seeing a part from the film. The test covered memory, reaction time and cognitive (认知的) function, and the results were later 43 .According to the research, participants 44 a 23 per cent increase in cognitive processing, as well as an 11 percent increase in reaction time.Dr Fagan said that the results showed enough of an improvement in brain function to suggest that 3D could play a part in improving brain 45 in the future. ―These findings are more significant than you might think,‖ he said. ―It i s a fact that people are living longer and there is a(n) 46 decline in cognitive brain function in old age which can damage future quality of life. There has never been a better time to look at ways to improve brain function. The initial results of this study indicate that 3D films may 47 play a role in slowing this decline.‖A second part of the experiment involved those watching the film being fitted with headsets(耳机)that 48 brain activity and this too showed heightened activity when watching 3D. According to the results, participants were seven percent more engaged with what they were watching, adding to the argument that 3D movies are more like watching real-life-something. ―A seven percent rise in emotional engagementis 49 remarkable. Watching in 3D gives the viewer such an enriched and quality experience, as these results show,‖ he said. ―In evolutionary50 , the results of both parts of the test certainly make sense. 3D films are more likely to heighten the senses and cause emotional arousal—this, in turn, makes the brain run at quicker speeds,‖ Dr Fagan added41. H 42. A 43. I 44. B 45. G 46. J 47. C 48. K 49. E 50. F3奉贤区Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. lovedB. causeC. honoredD. spreadingE. partiallyF. cheerG. properlyH. reflectI. symbolJ. gatheringK. touching（Since 1952, the Queen's Christmas message has been televised in some form. The following is the one given by Britain's Queen Elizabeth II on December 25th, 2015. ）At this time of year, few sights arouse more feelings of __41____ and goodwill than the twinkling lights of a Christmas tree.The popularity of a tree at Christmas is __42______ due to my great-great grandparents,Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. After this __43_____ picture was published, many families wanted a Christmas tree of their own, and the custom soon spread.In 1949, I spent Christmas in Malta as a newly-married naval wife. We have returned to that island over the years, including last month for a meeting of Commonwealth（英联邦）leaders; and this year I met another group of leaders: The Queen‘s Young Leaders, an inspirational group, each of them a __44_____ of hope in their own Commonwealth communities.Actually, ___45____ round the tree gives us a chance to think about the year ahead. It also allows us to ___46____ on the year that has passed, as we think of those who are far away or no longer with us. Many people say the first Christmas after losing a(an) __47______ one is particularly hard. But it‘s also a time to remember all that we have to be thankful for. We should be thankful for the people who bring love and happiness into our own lives, and look for ways of __48_____ that love to others, whenever and wherever we can.One __49______ for thankfulness this summer was marking seventy years since the end of the Second World War. On VJ Day, we __50_____ the remaining veterans(老兵) of that terrible conflict in the Far East, as well as remembered the thousands who never returned.…I wish you a very happy Christmas.41-45 FEKIJ 46-50 HADBC4虹口区Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words i n the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. venturingB. quotedC. interviewD. sponsor E historical.F. launchG. relativelyH. professionalI. tracedJ. facilitiesK. regularlyJiading ---- Centuries of History, Decades of ChangeA book entitled ―Jiading –Centuries of History, Decades of Change‖ by American writer Kate Baker has recently been published in Shanghai. New book launch was held last week at the Old China Hand Style, a major __41__ of a series of walking guide books called ―Beyond the Concession: Six Walks in Shanghai‘s Other Districts.‖ And Baker‘s ―Jiading‖ runs the fourth among the six.From a foreign point of view, the book has __42__ the history of Jiading District back between the year Tang Dynasty (618-907) and the Song Dynasty (960-1279), when Jiading had been ―a leading economic and intellectual influence in the region long before Shanghai became a major trading port,‖ as Bake r is __43__ in her book.Baker first landed in Shanghai in 2011 with her husband, an engineer with Ford, who was sent to work in Shanghai to prepare for the __44__ of the Lincoln brand in China. ―I and my husband have been traveling around the world in the past 20 years,‖ Baker said at a(n) __45__ with Shanghai Daily. ―Wherever I go, I would jump into the local history and culture quickly and deeply.‖Having taken a 15-month online course of Chinese with Harvard‘s ―China X‖, Baker started __46__ out on her own. An occasional excursion into the northwest of Shanghai, she ―discovered‖ and fell in love with Jiading. Since then, she has visited Jiading __47__, bringing family, friends, and tour groups. At the end of 2013, the Jiading Tourism Bureau officially invited Baker to write abook on Jiading.With up-to-date facts, useful information and __48__ pictures, Baker's ―Jiading‖ is a well researched guide about interesting areas less than one hour from Shanghai. There are chapters on celebrating the seasonal and agricultural festivals that are unique to the region; stories of __49__ figures living in Jiading; changes to the Nanxiang Old Town; tours to numerous gardens, museums and temples; and the development of outdoor recreational activities in Jiading‘s Anting Town, such as the F1 car racing, horse riding and golf.With good public __50__ and enough green space, Baker sees Jiading a high growth district of Shanghai, which offers a quality of lifestyle and tourism. ―I see a better-planned and forward-thinking of the district government. And I sincerely thank the people of Jiading who welcomed me to their community and trusted me with their narrative,‖ Baker says.41. D 42. I 43. B 44. F 45. C 46. A 47. K 48. H 49. E 50. J5黄浦区Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. loweringB. conditionsC. warningD. seeminglyE. inconclusiveF. frequentlyG. reactionsH. alternativeI. interestinglyJ. propertiesK. mixingNot so far in the distant past a study on water pollution found that common, everyday makeup products being washed down the drain was ending up in well and drinking water. Now a study has found that people pollute themselves. Many of the pollutants are linked to cancer and other serious health __41__. What‘s the key cause of this pollution? Common household items, __42__, appear to be used more by women than men. These include makeup, hair spray and commercial, chemically-made perfumes. These are the perfumes that are __43__ advertised as having some sort of beneficial effect on the body and are even suggested as a replacement for natural essential oils. Studies on the effectiveness of fragrance oils and health benefits have been __44__, something neglected to be mentioned. If the chemical scent has cancer-causing properties, it may not make sense to try and use it for helping you sleep or __45__your blood pressure. Manufacturers argue that the risk is non-existent as the levels of chemicals found in the tests were so small. However, with over 60 chemicals being found, many of which were non-existent before the turn of the century, researchers make note that these chemicals may be enough to cause problems.Since the products mentioned are often used by women, it leaves one to wonder if conditions, __46__ unheard of before the turn of the century, are linked to man-made chemicals? Perfumes in particular, when chemical, have been linked to asthma（哮喘）and other sensitive __47__.Some groups are asking the government to order manufacturers to place __48__ labels on each bottle.Essential oils and real fragrance oils provide a wonderful __49__ to commercial fragrances. They also have other properties and effects on the body which have been scientifically proven. In addition, you can actually formulate your own scent quite easily! There are many books on perfume __50__ and the use of essential oils, some quite in-depth and others rather fun. Nowadays there are also many companies making perfumes from pure essential oils.41-45 BIFEA 46-50 DGCHK6静安区Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. immeasurablyB. replacedC. priorityD. failingE. frustratinglyF. potentialG. minorH. trickI. unrepairedJ. prospectK. wiringScientific breakthroughs mean that life expectancy continues to rise every year. But the medical advances which now make it possible to think about living to a very great age --- if not forever --- also raise profound practical and ethical issues.Is immortality (永生) a realistic __41__?Not for the foreseeable future. In last year‘s Reith lectures, the gerontologist (老年病学家) Professor Tom Kirkwood firmly quashed (打消) the idea that genetic engineering might result in so me kind of ―fountain of youth‖. Considering how __42__slow the battles against cancer, heart disease and strokes have been, he said, it is fanciful to imagine that we could conquer death. On the other hand, scientists do now understand more about why we age, and what can be done to slow down the process. ―Our ancestral genes placed limited __43__on long-term maintenance and repair,‖ says Kirkwood. ―Ageing comes about through the gradual build-up of __44__ faults in the cells and tissues of our bodies, not as the result of some active mechanism for death and destruction.‖ The __45__ , then, is to help the body repair the damage done by wear and tear.How can that be done?In many different ways, some of which are already pretty common. Organ transplants from pigs and monkeys are now old news --- the American politician Jesse Helms has just had a ten-year-old pig valve (瓣膜) in his heart __46__. Doctors have succeeded in __47__computerized implants directly to nerve fibres, allowing the deaf to hear, and there is hope that electrodes (电极) planted in the brain may soon offer hope for the blind to see. But the real __48__at the moment lies in the field of stem cells ---special cells that allow lizards (蜥蜴) to grow new tails and humans to grow new skin over __49__cuts. If scientists can learn how to control these cells, they could be used to reproduce parts of the body that are __50__.41-50 JECIH BKFGD7闵行区Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. sufferedB. abandoningC. conclusionD. claimE. chargingF. modelG. acknowledgedH. boastingI. closeJ. elsewhereK. balanceIt is usually a common practice that journal websites offer readers their free online editions of articles and other information. However, America‘s most popular newspaper website announced that the era of free online journalism is drawing to a 41 . The New York Times has become the biggest publisher yet to set out plans for a pay wall around its digital offering, 42 the accepted practice that Internet users will not pay for news.Struggling with a decline of advertising and a downward tendency in street corner sales, The New York Times intend s to introduce a ―metered‖ 43 at the beginning of 2011. Readers will be required to pay when they have exceeded (超过) a set number of its online articles per month.The decision puts the 159-year-old newspaper on the 44 side of an increasingly wide chasm (鸿沟) in the media industry. But others, including the Guardian, have said they will not charge Internet readers.The New York Time‘s publisher, Arthur Sulzberger, 45 that the idea was a gamble.46 a print circulation of 995,000 on weekdays and 1.4 million on Sundays, The New York Times is the third bestselling American newspaper, behind the Wall Street Journal and USA Today. While most US papers focus on a single city, The New York Times is among the few that can 47 national scope—as well as 16 bureaus(办事处) in the New York area, it has 11 offices around the US and maintains 26 bureaus 48 in the world.But like many in the publishing industry, the paper is in the grip of a serious financial crisis. Its parent company, the New York Times Company, has 15 papers, but 49 a loss of $70 million in the nine months to September and recently accepted a $250 million loan from a Mexican billionaire, Carlos Slim, to strengthen its 50 sheet.41 I 42. B 43. F 44. E 45. G 46. H 47. D 48. J 49. A 50. K8浦东新区Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. unreasonableB. practicallyC. frequentlyD. conductedE. maintainF. evaluateG. activateH. increasedI. connectionJ. outstandingK. descriptionDeveloping an original and creative idea requires that two completely different networks in the brain work at the same time: the associative network alongside the more ―conservative(保守的)‖ network, according to new research ___41___ at the University of Haifa.The researchers ___42___ that ―creative thinking apparently requires ‗checks and balances‘.‖According to the researchers, creativity is our ability to think in new ways to solve problems. But not every original solution is considered a creative one. If the idea is not fully applicable,it is not considered creative, but simply one which is ___43___.The researchers assumed that for a creative idea to be produced, the brain must ___44___ a number of different and perhaps even contradictory(矛盾的) networks. In the first part of the research, respondents were given half a minute to come up with a new, original and unexpected idea for the use of different objects. Answers provided with low frequency received a high score for originality, while those given ___45___ received a low score. In the second part, respondents were asked to give, within half a minute, their best characteristic ___46___ of the objects. During the tests, all subjects were scanned using an FMRI device to examine their brain activity while providing the answer.The researchers found ___47___brain activity in an ―associative‖ region a mong participants whose originality was high. This region, which includes the medial brain areas, mainly works in the background when a person is not concentrating, similar to daydreaming.But the researchers found that this region did not operate alone when an original answer was given. For the answer to be original, an additional region worked in cooperation with the associative region—the administrative control region, a more ―conservative‖ region related to social norms and rules. The researchers also found that the stronger the ___48___, the better these regions work together in parallel, the greater the level of originality of the answer.―On the one hand, there is surely a need for a region that produces innovative ideas, but on the other hand there is also the need for one that will know to ___49___ how applicable and reasonable these ideas are. The ability of the brain to operate these two regions in parallel is what results in creativity. It is possible that the most ___50___ creations of humanity were produced by people who had an especially strong connection between the two regions,‖ the researchers concluded.41—45. DEAGC 46—50. KHIFJ9普陀区Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.predictsB. operationC. employD. limitedE. majorityF. environmentallyG. deposit H. similar I. dreams J. necessary K. estimateWe‘re waiting to take trip s to outer space. When will it happen? According to individuals in the growing field of space tourism, it may be in five or fifty years.Space Adventures is taking reservations for the flights, __41__ to the first manned spaceflights. The trip will cost $90,000, with a $6,000 __42__ required. More than 200 people have made reservations, said Sarah, Dalton, the company spokeswoman.John Spencer of the Space Tourism Society says that a more realistic __43__ for regular space travel is 50 years. Issues of expense, difficulty, and danger must still be resolved. Oh yes – a reusable vehicle must also be invented. He adds, however, that ten years from now, a __44__ number of people may be able to visit a space station. He says he expects a fleet of private space vehicles or ―space yachts‖ (游艇) to be in __45__ in 20 to 25 years. They will do what he calls ―orbital super yachting.‖ After that, there will be cruise lines, like those that travel the Earth‘s oceans, as well as space hotels and resorts.There have bee n only a few studies to determine the public‘s interest in space tourism, but they all conclude that a __46__ of people would like to visit space and would be willing to pay good money for it.According to expert Patrick Collins, between 5 million and 20 million people will head for space by 2030. He also __47__ 100 flights a day leaving Earth. It would be __48__ to have more than 100 hotels in Earth‘s orbit（轨道）, a few more orbiting the moon, and a few on the moon's surface. These hotels would __49__ more than 100,000 people, who would work month-long shifts. Each hotel would have a service station. Such service stations would provide oxygen, water, and hydrogen. They might also ship __50__ safe electric power back to Earth.If all the issues can be resolved, Collins says that space tourism could one day become a $1 trillion.41. H 42. G 43. K 44. D 45. B46.E 47. A 48. J 49. C 50. F10松江徐汇金山区Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.academicB.accompaniedC.conductD. contributedE. diagnosisF. dominanceG. emergenceH. evolvedI. focusedJ. impactK. relevantPsychology is both an applied and academic field that studies the human mind and behavior. Research in psychology seeks to understand and explain how we think, act and feel. As most people already realize, a large part of psychology is devoted to the 41 and treatment of mental health issues, but that‘s just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to applications for psychology. In addition to mental health, psychology can be applied to a variety of issues that 42 health and daily life including performance enhancement, self-help, motivation, productivity, and much more.Psychology 43 out of both philosophy and biology. Discussions of these two subjects date as far back as the early Greek thinkers including Aristotle and Socrates. The word psyc hology comes from the Greek word psyche, literally meaning ―life‖ or ―breath.‖ The 44 of psychology as a separate and independent field of study truly came about when Wilhelm Wundt established the first experimental psychology lab in Leipzig, Germany in 1879. Wundt‘s work was 45on describing the structures that compose the mind. Wundt believed that properly trained individuals would be able to identify accurately the mental processes that 46feelings, sensations and thoughts.Throughout psychology‘s history, some different schools of thought have formed to explain human thought and behavior. These schools of thought often rise to 47 for a period. While these schools of thought are sometimes considered as competing forces, each viewpoint has 48 to our understanding of psychology.Today, psychologists prefer to use more objective scientific methods to understand, explain, and predict human behavior. The discipline has two major areas of focus: 49 psychologyand applied psychology. Educational psychology focuses on the study of different sub-topics within psychology including personality, social behavior, and human development. These psychologists 50 basic research that seeks to expand our theoretical knowledge while other researchers do applied research that attempts to solve everyday problems.41. E 42. J 43. H 44. G 45. I 46. B 47. F 48. D 49. A 50. C11杨浦区Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. maximumB. cureC. suspectedD. targetE. containF. alarmingG. fertile H. carry I. breeding J. tricky K. supportedWorld Health Organization (WHO) Director General Margaret Chan said on Tuesday Brazil is doing a good job tackling the Zika virus and ensuring that the Olympic games it will host in August will be safe for athletes and visitors.Chan said Brazil's government is doing all it can to mobilize Brazilian society in fighting the Aedes mosquitoes that __41__ the virus that has spread rapidly through the Americas since last year."I want to reassure you that the government is working very closely with the international Olympic movement, with the local organizing committee, __42__ by the WHO, to make sure we have a very good work plan to __43__ the mosquito, and to make sure that people who will come here either as visitors or athletes will get the __44__ protection they need," Chan said.The virus has been linked in Brazil to a(n) __45__ increase in the birth of babies with abnormally small heads, a condition known as microcephaly. Brazil's Health Ministry said on Tuesday that the number of confirmed and __46__ cases of microcephaly has risen to 4,690 from 4,443 a week earlier.Brazilian authorities are taking action to __47__ the outbreak which threatens to keep visitors from attending the Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro five months from now. With no __48__ or vaccine (疫苗）for Zika, the only way to deal with the virus at present is to reduce the population of the Aedes mosquito.She praised Rousseff's leadership in organizing the whole of Brazilian society in a campaign to destroy the mosquito's __49__ places in urban areas and in cooperating with other countries in the research and development of diagnostic tools and a vaccine."The Zika virus is very __50__. We should expect this to be a long journey," she said. "Based on what I have seen here, I can tell you: the mosquito is difficult, but it cannot beat Brazil," Chan said.41-50 H K D A F C E B I J12闸北区Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. justB. gapC. irrelevantD. companyE. evidentF. victimG. typicalH. identifyI. addressJ. alternativeK. owedMost men and women feel that a dinner bill should be split down the middle, but how fair is this really?A new app aims to answer this question, and for others who fall___41___ to income inequality, by dividing the check up according to each person's race and gender.Equipay uses Bureau of Labor Statistics and math to calculate how much is ___42___ from each person and if the diner protests, it will give you statistics about the wage ___43___.'Equipay helps you avoid the firm discrimination that exists in our society. It doesn't work out an equal split of the bill but a ___44___one. ' the company's site says.'You pay what you should to balance out the wage diversity.'The app is the brain child of Luna Malbroux, a diversity educator, who wanted to 'make the touchy subject' of racial and gender inequalities more ___45___. The problem is expected to catch people‘s eyeeasily.'I hope that this, more than anything, starts a discussion and helps people to start thinking a little bit differently about how we can use technology and innovation to ___46___gender discrimination and wage inequality,' Malbroux said.The app has a built in 'diversity tool' that allows you to ___47___ how diverse your friends really are and the app also displays the level of income for each person.Type in the amount of the entire bill at the top, tip included, and the software will begin calculating the split based on who your ___48___ is.Finally it will show you the list again, but now with how much each person has to pay.Before paying your share, there is the ___49_____ to protest, in which the app will ask 'what's your excuse' and lists reasons for you to choose from.You can say 'I was a middle child' or 'I'm unaware of my privilege'.Equipay will find the best reply possible, whether it is facts regarding income differences or something seemingly___50___but also makes you think twice before keep disagreeing with what you have to pay.41-45 FKBAE 46-50 IHDJC。

2016 年上海高考英语二模完形填空汇编Researchers recently find w omen likely face work environments that push against the “having it all” mentality, leading to feelings of guilt and depression.Trying to have it all could be bad for your mental health, according to a new study that finds that “supermoms” have higher rates of depression compared with working moms who let things 51 .The research, presented Aug. 20 at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association in Las Vegas, finds that working is 52 for mothers’ mental health. But among working mothers, the least depressed are those who don’t expect to 53 work and family life perfectly, said study researcher Katrina Leupp, a graduate student at the University of Washington in Seattle. “The ideal that women can do it all actually 54 the level of depressive symptoms compared to women who were more doubtful about whether or not work and family can be balanced,” Leupp told LiveScience.Leupp analyzed survey 55 from 1,600 married women who participated in a large survey called the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. In 1987, the women answered questions to judge their support of women’s 56 , including whether they agreed with statements such as “Women are much happier if they stay at home and take care of their children.” In 1992 and 1994, the now 40-year-old women answered questions about their symptoms of depression. Like earlier studies, the survey data indicated that women who worked outside the home had fewer symptoms of depression, perhaps because outside work gives women more 57 interaction, more varied activities and a larger income, Leupp said. Among the employed women, though, the cheeriest were those who had indicated in their younger years the least 58 for women balancing career and family. The results held even after controlling for earlier levels of depression. “Somewhat 59 , women who don’t expect to be able to balance work and family have better mental health than those who do,” Leupp said.The study didn’t explain why optimistic (乐观的) views of balancing work and motherhood would60 later depression. “The reason may come down to 61 and real-world work environments,” Leupp said. “Women who expect to have it all probably come up against 62 that aren’t designed with work-life balance in mind. When they can’t balance everything perfectly, these supermoms are more likely to feel 63 .”“I think this research really speaks to a 64 between women’s expectations and the actual structure of the workplace,” Leupp said.“The takeaway for working moms is to temper their optimism about balancing 65 and employment and not to blame themselves if they struggle. Recognize that if it feels difficult, it’s because it is difficult.”51. A. happen B. continue C. slide D. end52. A. good B. ready C. hard D. possible53. A. protect B. share C. illustrate D. combine54. A. increased B. assessed C. reached D. influenced55. A. questions B. responses C. solutions D. instruments56. A. pregnancy B. marriage C. employment D. education57. A. cultural B. social C. positive D. verbal58. A. support B. tolerance C. concern D. respect59. A. deliberately B. aggressively C. ironically D. similarly60. A. result from B. relate to C. hold back D. call for61. A. families B. expectations C. surroundings D. requirements62. A. clubs B. hospitals C. governments D. workplaces63. A. excited B. embarrassed C. thrilled D. frustrated64. A. mismatch B. mistreat C. misunderstanding D. misinterpretation65. A. aging B. training C. schooling D. parentingTwo Newcastle scientists are setting themselves to open our eyes to the medical truth by claiming that natural sunlight may help prevent skin cancer.Dr. Ron Laura, professor of health education at Newcastle University, and senior chemist Mr. John Ashton said their research points to a complete __51______ of the accepted scientific theory. They said that sunscreen creams may help cause skin cancer, the artificial indoor light could be __52_____ and that a range of drugs in common use could also ___53____ melanoma--a type of cancer that appears as a dark spot on the skin.The research is likely to be unwelcome in some traditional medical research circles. It is based on a new __54_____ that our bodies are protected from skin cancer by the regulation of a group of complex vitamins (Vitamin D) and immune process.The sunscreens, artificial light and drugs could all unfavorably affect the production of these vitamins and increase the skin’s __55_____ to the sun. But Dr. Laura said natural sunlight passing through the eyes helped __56_____ the production of cancer protection Vitamin D.He said recent statistics from the United States indicated that people who worked indoors all day in artificial light were more __57_____ melanomas than those who worked outdoors. Indoor workers should try to have at least one hour of __58_____ to direct sunlight every day, ___59_____ in the early morning and late afternoon when ultraviolet intensively was lower, Dr. Laura said.Sunscreens, long __60_____ as essential for beach lovers, could also __61______ the production of Vitamin D. Laura and Ashton said sunscreens give people a __62_____ sense of security in thinking they are __63______ from the sun’s rays.Dr. Laura said more statistics ___64_____ their claim had come to light since the first article was published. He believes his research findings are too important to be __65______ to the scientific world.51. A. contribution B. reversal C. combination D. recognition52. A. beneficial B. comfortable C. harmful D. favorable53. A. promote B. reduce C. remove D. eliminate54. A. assumption B. law C. concept D. theory55. A. sensitivity B. resistance C. adaptation D. response56. A. monitor B. measure C. slow D. stimulate57. A. subject to B. unrelated to C. free of D. dependent on58. A. exercise B. reveal C. exposure D. experience59. A. occasionally B. preferably C. enjoyably D. extremely60. A. received B. popular C. accepted D. identified61. A .balance B. adjust C. prevent D. enhance62. A. false B. strong C. true D. sharp63. A. separated B. protected C. guarded D. prohibited64. A. presenting B. doubting C. backing D. providing65. A. limited B. emphasized C. acknowledged D. explainedHarvard LibraryIf we compare professors and students to the host of a university, then the library of a university can be compared to the hallway. The quality of a university, __51__, is in direct proportion to that of its library. At Harvard, the library is an essential part of everybody’s life. Both the quantity and the __52__ of the library make study a pleasant process.Harvard Library is not only the most ancient library in the United States, but the largest university library with the largest scale. In 1638 John Harvard __53__ his whole library to the then Harvard College. After 300 years of development, the library now holds 10 million books and __54__ more than 100 branch libraries. In addition to the libraries owned by each school, there are some branch libraries that are __55__ in some aspects. While most of the branch libraries are on Harvard campus, some are as far as in Washington, D.C., or even in Florence of Italy. Yenching Library is famous for its __56__ of East Asian literature. Lamont Library is thefirst library in the world that is __57__ for undergraduates. Widener Library is the largest library in Harvard, only second to Library of Congress.What __58__ to be mentioned is the system or rather the service of the libraries. Usually the libraries are open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.. The main libraries are open until 10 p.m.. The libraries for undergraduates will even be open all night during the __59__ period. The libraries also provide with students the service of __60__ reading materials for all courses. At the beginning of a semester, each teacher will give a list of books to the librarians. The librarians are __61__ to find out these books and put them at the places where students can easily find them.There is no limitation for the number of books that students can borrow. As the space for the library is limited, many books are __62__ in suburban library. Despite this, students can go to fetch the book at the __63__ library within 24 hours after they submit request for that book. Even if there is only one book to be fetched from the suburban library, the libraries on campus will send someone to do the job. This kind of __64__ which put readers in the first place is rare even in Ivy League. Therefore, study at Harvard will be a(n) __65__ experience.51.A.as a result B. to some extent C. on the contrary D. at all timesB. disciplineC. qualityD. prospect53.A. donated B. assigned C. adapted D. distributedB. composesC. involvesD. includesB. differentC. secureD. peculiar56.A.collections B. documents C. phenomena D. exhibitionsB. formallyC. speciallyD. especiallyB. happensC. appearsD. deserves59.A.examination B. experiment C. vacation D. graduation60.A.confirming B. preparing C. selecting D. designingB. willingC. reluctantD. responsibleB. reservedC. storedD. classified63.A.appointed B. accepted C. expected D. restrictedB. serviceC. activityD. responseB. creativeC. positiveD. enjoyableEducation plays an extremely important role in our life and deeply impacts the society. However, how does society influence education?Before understanding the influence of society on education, we must __51__ society. Society is an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization. It is characterized by patterns of relationships between individuals. It is a group of individuals who __52__ a common system of customs, values and laws. From the definition of society, it is clear that we human beings are its building __53__. As we interact with people, try to understand their thinking styles and __54__ patterns, we soon realize that there is so much to learn from them. Society is the greatest __55__ of education. Don’t you think so?We cannot __56__ the impact of society on the education system alone. We need to understand the role of society in the __57__ development of an individual. Even before we become a part of the education system, we start learning from our surroundings. And during the process of formal education, we __58__ take ‘non-formal education’ from society. Yes, our interactions with our fellow-beings, our observations about their social behavior and our understanding of social norms __59__ us to face life. True, educational __60__, like schools, colleges and universities play a very important role in our education. But, we cannot ignore the fact that we learn some of the important lessons of life from society. It would not be an exaggeration to say that the __61__process of learning begins at a point, which marks the end of institutional education. Learning, as an individual, from your interaction with society, is a vital part of education.Society plays an important role in education and influences it, both positively and negatively. Social inequalities and unhealthy educational practices are some of the __62__ influences of society on our lives. Customs and traditions __63__ certain sections of society from exercising their fundamental rights and block the well-being of society, shatter the basic ideas of education and social awareness. Some social groups deny women’s right to education, while others force children to work, depriving(剥夺) them from a healthy environment, conducive to their growth and development. Education is one of the basic human rights. If social norms deprive certain strata(阶层) of society from progressing in life and come in the way of social welfare, it __64__ the purpose of education.Society is an entity that cannot be separated from us. It is we who __65__ the society. It is entirely in our hands whether to add value to our education or devalue it.51. A. know B. define C. recognize D. analyze52. A. share B. invent C. operate D. practice53. A. extents B. blocks C. designs D. expenses54. A. cultural B. traditional C. educational D. behavioral55. A. performer B. supervisor C. facilitator D. opponent56. A. resist B. resolve C. reserve D. restrict57. A. steady B. future C. lasting D. overall58. A. successfully B. desperately C. constantly D. surprisingly59. A. encourage B. impact C. prepare D. impose60. A. circumstances B. contributions C. environments D. organizations61. A. actual B. external C. universal D. available62. A. realistic B. opposing C. practical D. invisible63. A. confirm B. cultivate C. maintain D. prevent64. A. fulfills B. highlights C. defeats D. describes65. A. depend on B. make up C. strive for D. deal withSince Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔茨海默病)and Parkinson’s disease(帕金森病) are common and many notable people have developed them, they have received more public attention.Alzheimer’s DiseaseMany people imagine that Alzheimer’s disease, the degenerative (退化的)disorder that eventually leaves sufferers with total memory loss, is an inevitable result of aging. This is not so. While the risks of contracting the disease increase with age, there are many elderly people whose memories are perfect. Most of us are so ill-__51__ about all forms of memory loss that we label everything as “Alzheimer’s ”. Alzheimer’s disease itself can affect people as young as 30 and can progress either quickly or slowly. It can also __52__ the blame for other non-degenerative conditions such as deep depression. __53__, only an examination of the brain tissue during an autopsy (解剖) can produce an accurate __54__ of the disease.The causes of Alzheimer’s are unknown. They may be either __55__ or environmental. A study in 1996 of 13,000 people whose parents or siblings had the disease showed they had five times __56__ chance of passing away by the age of 80 than those with no family history of the problem.__57__, there are other factors. In a study of identical twins, it was found that only about half of the twin pairs developed Alzheimer’s and, when both twins __58__ it, they did so as much as 15 years apart. The possibility that environment plays a part was boosted by another 1996 study, this time of two groups of elderly Japanese men. One group lived in Hawaii, the other group in Japan. The Hawaiian group had a much higher incidence of the disease.Aluminum (铝) has been blamed for the development of Alzheimer’s. This is because a high level aluminum has been found in the brains of sufferers. The disease was first diagnosed at the beginning of the 20th century. It was at this time that aluminum was becoming widely __59__ for use in cooking pots.Memory loss, __60__ in performing familiar tasks, and problems with abstract thinking are all indicators of the beginning of the disease. One unusual feature is its impact on language. It attacks nouns first, then verbs. Grammar is one of the last things to go.Parkinson’s DiseaseParkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive disorder of the central nervous system w hich __61__ more than one million Americans. Individuals with PD lack the substance dopamine (多巴胺), which is __62__ for the central nervous system’s control of muscle activity. Parkinson’s Disease is often characterized by shake, inflexibility in limbs and joints, speech disability and difficulty in __63__ physical movement. Late in the course of the disease, some patients develop dementia (痴呆症) and eventually Alzheimer’s disease. __64__, some Alzheimer patients develop symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Medi cations such as levodopa (左多巴), which changes itself into dopamine once inside the brain, which prevents degeneration of dopamine-containing neurons (神经细胞), are used to improve diminished or __65__ motor symptoms in PD patients, but do not correct the mental changes that occur.51. A. judged B. equipped C. informed D. advised52. A. take B. put C. lay D. hold53. A. On the other hand B. For example C. After all D. In the end54. A. description B. demonstration C. diagnosis D. illustration55. A. natural B. instinctual C. genetic D. internal56. A. slighter B. fainter C. less D. more57. A. Therefore B. However C. Instead D. Finally58. A. came up with B. did away with C. went down with D. put up with59. A. available B. valuable C. memorable D. inaccessible60. A. complaint B. difficulty C. ease D. complexity61. A. touch B. influence C. concern D. affect62. A. important B. unimportant C. priceless D. worthless63. A. stopping B. changing C. initiating D. controlling64. A. Additionally B. Contrarily C. Consequently D. Particularly65. A. treated B. showed C. released D. reducedAccording to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the family, traditional cultural patterns award 51 on one or both of the parents. In other 52 , such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of53 . In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent 54 that the re is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have 55 ; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has 56 that meet the needs of that particular group.Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, r esearch suggests that there are typically two different leadership 57 that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the 58 of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done”. Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership t hat emphasizes the 59 wellb eing of a social group’s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing 60 support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them.Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give orders and may 61 group members who prevent accomplishment of the group’s goals. Express ive leaders cultivate a more 62 or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer 63 when someone experiences difficulties. And they try to 64 issues that threaten to divide the group. As the difference in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal 65 from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.51. A. burden B. leadership C. housework D. right52. A. families B. societies C. cases D. researches53. A. selection B. struggle C. recommendation D. register54. A. evidence B. support C. approach D. pattern55. A. in advance B. in brief C. in general D. in common56. A. partners B. achievements C. skills D. qualities57. A. selections B. roles C. challenges D. structures58. A. assignment B. introduction C. completion D. division59. A. joint B. financial C. social D. individual60. A. political B. administrative C. emotional D. technical61. A. discipline B. praise C. ignore D. identify62. A. casual B. temporary C. personal D. stable63. A. criticism B. sympathy C. estimate D. information64. A. omit B. confuse C. raise D. resolve65. A. imitation B. affection C. objection D. revengeThe survey about childhood in the Third World shows that the struggle for survival is long and hard. But in the rich world, children can suffer from a different kind of poverty — of the spirit. 51 , one Western country alone now sees 14, 000 attempted suicides ( 自杀) every year by children under 15, and one child 52 five needs psychiatric (心理) advice.There are many good things about 53 in the Third World. Take the close and constant relation between children and their parents, relatives and neighbours for example. In the West, the very nature of work puts distance between 54 and children. But in most Third World villages mother and father do not go miles away each day to work in offices. 55 , the child sees mother and father, relations and neighbours working 56 and often shares in that work.A child 57 in this way learns his or her role through joining in the community's work : helping to dig or build, look after animals or babies --- rather than through playing with water and sand in kindergarten, keeping pets 58 playing with dolls.These children may grow up with a less oppressive sense of space and time than the westernchildren. Their sense of days and time has a lot to do with the change of seasons and positions ofthe sun or the moon in the sky. Children in the rich world, 59 , are provided with a watch as one of the 60 signs of growing up, so that they can 61 along with their parents about being late for school times, meal times, bed times, the times of TV shows.Third World children do not usually 62 to stay indoors, still less in highrise apartments(公寓) . Instead of dangerous roads, "keep off the grass" signs and "don't speak to strangers", there is often a sense of 63 to study and play. Parents can see their children outside rather than observe them 64 from ten floors up.65 , twelve million children under five still die every year through hunger and disease. But childhood in the Third World is not all bad.51. A. As usual B. For instance C. In fact D. In other words52. A. by B. in C. to D. under53. A. childhood B. poverty C. spirit D. survival54. A. adults B. fathers C. neighbours D. relatives55. A. Anyhow B. However C. Instead D. Still56. A. away B. alone C. along D. nearby57. A. growing up B. living through C. playing D. working58. A. and B. but C. or D. so59. A. at any moment B. at the same time C. on the other hand D. on the whole60. A. easiest B. earliest C. happiest D. quickest61. A. care B. fear C. hurry D. worry62. A. dare B. expect C. have D. require63. A. control B. danger C. disappointment D. freedom64. A. anxiously B. eagerly C. impatiently D. proudly65. A. Above all B. In the end C. Of course D. What'sFeeling good about our actions — not guilt or pity— motivates giving, according to the latest research.51 seeing or hearing about suffering children makes most people uncomfortable, that grief is not what drives them to dig into their pockets and donate. The reasons people decide to be selfless, it turns out,may be slightly more 52 .In the study, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, researchers found that people are more likely to give when they think it will make them feel better. They donate, 53 , when they feel hope about putting smiles on those expectant and suffering faces. And that hope, or similar feel-good sensations, are driven by the brain’s reward systems.Researchers — and charities — have long known that putting a(n) 54 face on an abstract problem opens hearts and wallets. Josef Stalin once said that while one death is a(n) 55 , a million is merely a number. Studies have since found that quantifying the size of a disaster or particular need actually 56 giving, while presenting a single story is more likely to cause a desire to help.But it wasn’t clear whether this “identifiable victim” effect resulted from people’s 57 over their own privilege and resources — or from a sense of connection with the 58 and an urge to feel good about making a difference.To find out, researchers led by Alexander Genevsky, a graduate student in psychology at Stanford, imaged the brains of 22 young adults. In the scanner, they saw either a silhouette (剪影) or a head shot of a young African child. As in previous studies, participants were far more likely to give if they saw a face than a blank silhouette—donating almost twice as much in photo trials than in the others. However, this decision was related strongly to their 59 . If they showed little activity in their nucleus accumbens—a brain region linked to every type of pleasurable experience— they were actually less likely to give. But if there is a sharp 60 of activity in this reward area, they felt good and gave more. And the photos of the children were more likely to 61 this reward center. Activity in the accumbens, in fact, completely 62 the difference in giving seen between the silhouette-based requests and the photo-based ones.While the findings point to the feel-good 63 behind giving, other research will have to address the question of why givers get that positive emotional boost. Do people feel rewarded when they give because they think about the happiness of the recipient — or do they feel good because they see themselves as 64 and that self-esteem boost (自信心增强) is mood-enhancing? Such information could help charities 65 their messages to maximize their effectiveness.51. A. Since B. Although C. If D. As52. A. passive B. earnest C. impersonal D. selfish53. A. for example B. on the contrary C. as a result D. on the other hand54. A. plain B. ugly C. specific D. frightened55. A. accident B. threat C. solution D. tragedy56. A. ruins B. stimulates C. lowers D. skips57. A. anger B. guilt C. regret D. joy58. A. desire B. mind C. victim D. stuff59. A. actions B. beliefs C. images D. emotions60. A. edge B. rise C. turn D. division61. A. monitor B. target C. activate D. interrupt62. A. resulted from B. counted on C. accounted for D. subjected to63. A. motivations B. compliment s C. ambitions D. requests64. A. executive B. justified C. innocent D. generous65. A. conceal B. tailor C. obtain D. deleteThere are many things parents can do to help children with autism (自闭症) overcome their challenges. Learning all you can about autism and getting __51__ in treatment will go a long way toward helping your child. Additionally, the following tips will make daily home life easier for both you and your autistic child:•Be consistent（一致的）.Children with autism have a hard time __52__ what they’ve learned if there is a change of setting. For example, your child may use sign language at school to communicate, but never think to do so at home. Creating __53__ in your child’s environment is the best way to reinforce learning. Find out what your child’s therapists are doing and continue their techniques at home. Explore the __54__ of having therapy take place in morethan one place in order to encourage your child to __55__ what he or she has learned from one environment to another. It’s also important to be consistent in the way you __56__ with your child and deal with challenging behaviors.•__57__ a schedule. Children with autism tend to do best when they have a highly-structured schedule or routine. Again, this goes back to the consistency they both need and crave. Set up a schedule for your child, with __58__ times for meals, therapy, school, and bedtime. Try to keep disturbance to this routine to a __59__. If there is an unavoidable schedule change, prepare your child for it __60__.•__61__ good behavior. Positive reinforcement can go a long way with children with autism, so make an effort to “catch them doing something good.” Praise them when they act appropria tely or learn a new skill, being very __62__ about what behavior they’re being praised for.•Pay attention to your child’s sensory sensitivities. Many children with autism are hypersensitive to light, sound, touch, taste, and smell. Other children with autism are “under-sensitive” to sensory stimuli. __63__ what sights, sounds, smells and movements cause your kid’s “bad” or disruptive behaviors and what brings about a(n) __64__ response.If you understand what affects your child, you’ll be better at solving problems, preventing situations that cause difficulties, and creating __65__ experiences.51. A. encouraged B. balanced C. absorbed D. involved52. A. applying B. devoting C. communicating D. appealing53. A. attraction B. comfort C. steadiness D. attention54. A. possibility B. goal C. process D. solution55. A. transplant B. transfer C. transport D. transform56. A. meet B. interact C. negotiate D. associate57. A. Draw up B. Arrange for C. Work out D. Stick to58. A. regular B. flexible C. appropriate D. normal59. A. decrease B. mystery C. minimum D. secret60. A. without doubt B. in private C. without notice D. in advance61. A. Control B. Perform C. Reward D. Maintain62. A. curious B. specific C. particular D. anxious63. A. Figure out B. Account for C. Put up D. Take on64. A. automatic B. immediate C. positive D. quick65. A. frustrating B. successful C. professional D. unpleasantA driving goal for most websites is for that site to be easily found by people looking for the products or services. One of the ways people may find these sites is via a search engine. With this in mind, companies obviously want their websites to ___51___ search engines as well.First of all, website content should be unique and timely. Only quality content ensures that customers will ___52___ your website and also recommend it to friends via links or through social channels. This act of sharing not only gives your site more chances of public ___53___ but it also helps to push up your search engine rankings, which extends huge psychological implication to other engine users as people tend to ___54___Now famous search engines such as Google use mobile friendliness as a ranking signal in their ranking algorithm(算法). Therefore, if your site is not ___55___for mobile devices, you are offering a less than ideal experience to some users and in result search engines will take the ___56___ into account.Another key ranking signal that Google and other search engines ___57___heavily is page speed and overall site performance. If your site is loaded with too many high-resolution images and videos or other elements, muchviewing time will be caused. These will makesluggish, slow loading that frustrate and often drive away visitors. It’s time to ___58___ thepage size as all the visitors appreciatefaster download. Some are。

Over the last 15 years, digital communication has brought in more changes than the printing press did in 1570. And those most likely to use them in this world are teenagers, whose brains appear to have an extraordinary volume to adapt to the world around them, according to Dr Jay Giedd, a(n) 51brain expert.We are now discovering that, as a species, our brains during the teenage years are still flexible and capable of 52 . Having a more flexible brain, 53 , means that certain parts of it, such as desire control and the ability to make long-term decisions, haven’t developed yet, which may also explain why we spend a(n) 54 period living under the protection of our parents rather than leaving home at the age of 12 or 13. This also means that the teenage brain can adapt to new technology, enabling teenagers to 55 the increasing pace of digital technology and giving them an advantage when it comes to multitasking.In the USA, on average teenagers spend 8.5 hours a day using computers, mobiles, and other devices to learn, interact, and play. This increases to 11.5 hours if you include all of the 56 that goes on, such as talking on the phone while watching TV. As they stare at these screens, they’re taking in and sorting thro ugh an incredible amount of information.There are 57 about how social media is affecting the way the brain learns to 58 , as one of the most important skills that we learn as children is how to make friends and interact with people around us. Geidd says that a lot of what goes on inside our brains is social. Social interactions are now being 59 by technology – you could have hundreds of friends, all of whom are real people that you interact with and scientists aren’t sure whether we’ll be able to develop the same 60 using social media.There is a(n) 61 of the growing digital trend: YouTube shows the teenagers all over the world are watching the same videos and laughing at the same jokes, indicating that they are more62 than teenagers in the past. They may be keen on 63 their friends and posting updates on social media sites, but teenagers today are probably going to have access to technology and 64social and educational opportunities that anyone with a less flexible brain may have trouble imagining. Nevertheless, there is a cut-off point, and by the age of 30, our brains in their ways, making it more65 for us to adapt and cope with new technologies.51. A. digital B. adolescent C. surgical D. artificial52. A. functioning B. noticing C. adjusting D. deciding53. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead54. A. natural B. glorious C. limited D. extended55. A. keep up with B. come up with C. put up with D. end up with56. A. gossiping B. multitasking C. interacting D. playing57. A. reports B. curiosities C. concerns D. talks58. A. memorize B. sort C. imagine D. socialize59. A. changed B. controlled C. troubled D. interrupted60. A. trends B. attitudes C. societies D. skills61. A. advantage B. distraction C. indication D. history62. A. absent-minded B. global-minded C. quick-minded D. serious-minded63. A. accessing B. texting C. discovering D. watching64. A. on the whole B. as a result C. in other words D. by all means65. A. flexible B. important C. difficult D. Incredible51-55 BCADA 56-60 BCDAD 61-65 ABBBCResearchers recently find w omen likely face work environments that push against the “having it all” mentality, leading to feelings of guilt and depression.Trying to have it all could be bad for your mental health, according to a new study that finds that “supermoms” have higher rates of depression compared with working moms who let things 51 .The research, presented Aug. 20 at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association in Las Vegas, finds that working is 52 for mothers’ mental health. But among working mothers, the least depressed are those who don’t expect to 53 work and family life perfectly, said study researcher Katrina Leupp, a graduate student at the University of Washington in Seattle. “The ideal that women can do it all actually 54 the level of depressive symptoms compared to women who were more doubtful about whether or not work and family can be balanced,” Leupp told LiveScience.Leupp analyzed survey 55 from 1,600 married women who participated in a large survey called the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. In 1987, the women answered questions to judge their support of women’s 56 , including whether they agreed with statements such as “W omen are much happier if they stay at home and take care of their children.” In 1992 and 1994, the now 40-year-old women answered questions about their symptoms of depression. Like earlier studies, the survey data indicated that women who worked outside the home had fewer symptoms of depression, perhaps because outside work gives women more 57 interaction, more varied activities and a larger income, Leupp said. Among the employed women, though, the cheeriest were those who had indicated in their younger years the least 58 for women balancing career and family. The results held even after controlling for earlier levels of depression. “Somewhat 59 , women who don’t expect to be able to balance work and family have better mental health than those who do,” Leupp said.The study didn’t explain why optimistic (乐观的) views of balancing work and motherhood would60 later depression. “The reason may come down to 61 and real-world work environments,”Leupp said. “Women who expect to have it all probab ly come up against 62 that aren’t designed with work-life balance in mind. When they can’t balance everything perfectly, these supermoms are more likely to feel 63 .”“I think this research really speaks to a 64 between women’s expectations and the actual structure of the workplace,” Leupp said.“The takeaway for working moms is to temper their optimism about balancing 65 and employment and not to blame themselves if they struggle. Recognize that if it feels difficult, it’s because it is difficult.”51. A. happen B. continue C. slide D. end52. A. good B. ready C. hard D. possible53. A. protect B. share C. illustrate D. combine54. A. increased B. assessed C. reached D. influenced55. A. questions B. responses C. solutions D. instruments56. A. pregnancy B. marriage C. employment D. education57. A. cultural B. social C. positive D. verbal58. A. support B. tolerance C. concern D. respect59. A. deliberately B. aggressively C. ironically D. similarly60. A. result from B. relate to C. hold back D. call for61. A. families B. expectations C. surroundings D. requirements62. A. clubs B. hospitals C. governments D. workplaces63. A. excited B. embarrassed C. thrilled D. frustrated64. A. mismatch B. mistreat C. misunderstanding D. misinterpretation65. A. aging B. training C. schooling D. Parenting51. C 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. B 56. C 57. B 58. A 59. C 60. B61. B 62. D 63. D 64. A 65. DTwo Newcastle scientists are setting themselves to open our eyes to the medical truth by claiming that natural sunlight may help prevent skin cancer.Dr. Ron Laura, professor of health education at Newcastle University, and senior chemist Mr. John Ashton said their research points to a complete __51______ of the accepted scientific theory. They said that sunscreen creams may help cause skin cancer, the artificial indoor light could be __52_____ and that a range of drugs in common use could also ___53____ melanoma--a type of cancer that appears as a dark spot on the skin.The research is likely to be unwelcome in some traditional medical research circles. It is based on a new __54_____ that our bodies are protected from skin cancer by the regulation of a group of complex vitamins (Vitamin D) and immune process.The sunscreens, artificial light and drugs could all unfavorably affect the production of these vitamins and increase the skin’s __55_____ to the sun. But Dr. Laura said natural sunlight passing through the eyes helped __56_____ the production of cancer protection Vitamin D.He said recent statistics from the United States indicated that people who worked indoors all day in artificial light were more __57_____ melanomas than those who worked outdoors. Indoor workers should try to have at least one hour of __58_____ to direct sunlight every day, ___59_____ in the early morning and late afternoon when ultraviolet intensively was lower, Dr. Laura said.Sunscreens, long __60_____ as essential for beach lovers, could also __61______ the production of Vitamin D. Laura and Ashton said sunscreens give people a __62_____ sense of security in thinking they are __63______ from the sun’s rays.Dr. Laura said more statistics ___64_____ their claim had come to light since the first article was published. He believes his research findings are too important to be __65______ to the scientific world.51. A. contribution B. reversal C. combination D. recognition52. A. beneficial B. comfortable C. harmful D. favorable53. A. promote B. reduce C. remove D. eliminate54. A. assumption B. law C. concept D. theory55. A. sensitivity B. resistance C. adaptation D. response56. A. monitor B. measure C. slow D. stimulate57. A. subject to B. unrelated to C. free of D. dependent on58. A. exercise B. reveal C. exposure D. experience59. A. occasionally B. preferably C. enjoyably D. extremely60. A. received B. popular C. accepted D. identified61. A .balance B. adjust C. prevent D. enhance62. A. false B. strong C. true D. sharp63. A. separated B. protected C. guarded D. prohibited64. A. presenting B. doubting C. backing D. providing65. A. limited B. emphasized C. acknowledged D. explained51-55 BCADA 56-60 DACBC 61-65 CABCAHarvard LibraryIf we compare professors and students to the host of auniversity, then the library of a university can be compared to thehallway. The quality of a university, __51__, is in direct proportionto that of its library. At Harvard, the library is an essential part ofeverybody’s life. Both the quantity and the __52__ of the librarymake study a pleasant process.Harvard Library is not only the most ancient library in theUnited States, but the largest university library with the largest scale.In 1638 John Harvard __53__ his whole library to the then HarvardCollege. After 300 years of development, the library now holds 10million books and __54__ more than 100 branch libraries. In addition to the libraries owned by each school, there are some branch libraries that are __55__ in some aspects. While most of the branch libraries are on Harvard campus, some are as far as in Washington, D.C., or even in Florence of Italy. Yenching Library is famous for its __56__ of East Asian literature. Lamont Library is the first library in the world that is __57__ for undergraduates. Widener Library is the largest library in Harvard, only second to Library of Congress.What __58__ to be mentioned is the system or rather the service of the libraries. Usually the libraries are open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.. The main libraries are open until 10 p.m.. The libraries for undergraduates will even be open all night during the __59__ period. The libraries also provide with students the service of __60__ reading materials for all courses. At the beginning of a semester, each teacher will give a list of books to the librarians. The librarians are __61__ to find out these books and put them at the places where students can easily find them.There is no limitation for the number of books that students can borrow. As the space for the library is limited, many books are __62__ in suburban library. Despite this, students can go to fetch the book at the __63__ library within 24 hours after they submit request for that book. Even if there is only one book to be fetched from the suburban library, the libraries on campus will send someone to do the job. This kind of __64__ which put readers in the first place is rare even in Ivy League. Therefore, study at Harvard will be a(n) __65__ experience.51.A.as a result B. to some extent C. on the contrary D. at all times52.A.influence B. discipline C. quality D. prospect53.A. donated B. assigned C. adapted D. distributed54.A.contains B. composes C. involves D. includesrmative B. different C. secure D. peculiar56.A.collections B. documents C. phenomena D. exhibitions57.A.unusually B. formally C. specially D. especially58.A.remains B. happens C. appears D. deserves59.A.examination B. experiment C. vacation D. graduation60.A.confirming B. preparing C. selecting D. designing61.A.desperate B. willing C. reluctant D. responsible62.A.exhibited B. reserved C. stored D. classified63.A.appointed B. accepted C. expected D. restricted64.A.performance B. service C. activity D. response65.A.fortunate B. creative C. positive D. enjoyable51-65: BCADB ACDAB DCABD5黄浦区Education plays an extremely important role in our life and deeply impacts the society. However, how does society influence education?Before understanding the influence of society on education, we must 51 society. Society is an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization. It is characterized by patterns of relationships between individuals. It is a group of individuals who 52 a common system of customs, values and laws. From the definition of society, it is clear that we human beings are its building 53 . As we interact with people, try to understand their thinking styles and 54 patterns, we soon realize that there is so much to learn from them. Society is the greatest 55 of education. Don’t you think so?We cannot 56 the impact of society on the education system alone. We need to understand the role of society in the 57 development of an individual. Even before we become a part of the education system, we start learning from our surroundings. And during the process of formal education, we 58 take ‘non-formal’from society. Yes, our interactions with our fellow-beings, our observations about their social behaviour and our understanding of social norms 59 us to face life. True, educational 60 , like schools, colleges and universities play a very important role in our education. But, we cannot ignore the fact that we learn some of the important lessons of life from society. It would not be an exaggeration to say that the 61 process of learning begins at a point, which marks the end of institutional education. Learning, as an individual, from your interaction with society, is a vital part of education.Society plays an important role in education and influences it, both positively and negatively. Social inequalities and unhealthy educational practices are some of the 62 influences of society on our lives. Customs and traditions 63 certain sections of society from exercising their fundamental rights and block the well-being of society, shatter the basic ideas of educaiotn and social awareness. Some social groups deny women’s right to education, while others force children to work, depriving (剥夺) them from a healthy environment, conducive to their growth and development. Education is one of the basic human rights. If social norms deprive certain strata（阶层）of society form progressing in life and come in the way of social welfare, it 64 the purpose of education.Society is an entity that cannot be separated from us. It is we who 65 the society. It is entirely in our hands whether to add value to our education or devalue it.51. A. know B. define C. recognize D. analyze52. A. share B. invent C. operate D. practice53. A. extents B. blocks C. designs D. expenses54. A. cultural B. traditional C. educational D. behavioral55. A. performer B. supervisor C. facilitator D. opponent56. A. resist B. resolve C. reserve D. restrict57. A. steady B. future C. lasting D. overall58. A. successfully B. desperately C. constantly D. surprisingly59. A. encourage B. impact C. prepare D. impose60. A. circumstances B. contributions C. environments D. organization61. A. actual B. external C. universal D. available62. A. realistic B. opposing C. practical D. invisible63. A. confirm B. cultivate C. maintain D. prevent64. A. fulfills B. highlights C. defeats D. describes65. A. depend on B. make up C. strive for D. deal with51-55 BABDC 56-60 DDCCD 61-65 ABDCBAccording to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the family, traditional cultural patterns award 51 on one or both of the parents. In other 52 , such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of53 . In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent 54 that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have 55 ; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has 56 that meet the needs of that particular group.Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, r esearch suggests that there are typically two different leadership 57 that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the 58 of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done”. Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the 59 wellb eing of a social group’s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the over all goals of the group than with providing 60 support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them.Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give orders and may 61 group members who prevent accomplishment of the group’s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more 62 or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer 63 when someone experiences difficulties. And they try to 64 issues that threaten to divide the group. As the difference in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal 65 from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.51. A. burden B. leadership C. housework D. right52. A. families B. societies C. cases D. researches53. A. selection B. struggle C. recommendation D. register54. A. evidence B. support C. approach D. pattern55. A. in advance B. in brief C. in general D. in common56. A. partners B. achievements C. skills D. qualities57. A. selections B. roles C. challenges D. structures58. A. assignment B. introduction C. completion D. division59. A. joint B. financial C. social D. individual60. A. political B. administrative C. emotional D. technical61. A. discipline B. praise C. ignore D. identify62. A. casual B. temporary C. personal D. stable63. A. criticism B. sympathy C. estimate D. information64. A. omit B. confuse C. raise D. resolve65. A. imitation B. affection C. objection D. Revenge51. B 52. C 53. A 54. A 55. D 56. D 57. B 58. C 59. A 60. C61. A 62. C 63. B 64. D 65. BLike many students, Ryan believes that the time and money spent on his education will pay off: he will eventually be able to get a good job and do well in the field he has chosen. And yet, ___51___ all of the years spent in school preparing to enter the workplace, many recent graduates say that they struggle with the ___52___ from classroom to career world and have difficulty ___53___ life on the job.Writer and editor Joseph Lewis suggests one reason why this is the case. Lewis believes that most of our school experiences—from childhood through university—are fairly ___54___, while life in the working world is far more uncertain. In school, ___55___, the pattern stays more or less the same from year to year. In the workplace, however, constant ___56___ is the norm, and one has to adapt quickly.Another problem that graduates entering the workforce encounter is that they are ___57___ to think analytically. In school, many students including those in college, spend a lot of time memorizing facts and repeating what they “learned” on tests. But in the workplace employees “are often expected to think critically and make ___58___ about their work, not just follow a supervisor’s instructions.” Less time needs to be spent in school on testing, says one recent report, and more on helping students to analyze and interpret information, solve problems, and communicate their ideas effectively—skills that will prepare them to succeed in today’s workplace.Finally, many recent graduates say that one of the biggest difficulties they face is adapting to ___59___ on the job. In the workplace, employees must regularly ___60___ with others and are often dependent on their co-workers for their success. In other words, if an employee has to work with others to complete a given project, that employee’s ___61___ not only depends on his hard work and expertise, but also on how well his colleagues perform. Knowing how to participate effectively in teamwork—and deal with problems when they arise—is extremely important, and yet, it is also something many students don’t get quite ___62___ to in a school setting.How can we better prepare young adults for the workplace? Recent graduates, looking back on their educational experience, have some ___63___. Many think that all students should be required to do an internship (实习) while they are in school. Volunteering part time at a company, hospital, or government organization, for example, can help one gain experience and learn skills needed to succeed in the real world. ___64___ this kind of practical work experience with classroom instruction, say the graduates, will help prepare students for the ___65___ of the workplace and make the transition from school to career world less stressful.51. A. with regard to B. thanks to C. in spite of D. in view of52. A. action B. shift C. routine D. variety53. A. turning to B. reacting to C. adjusting to D. seeing to54. A. predictable B. considerable C. accessible D. flexible55. A. however B. in addition C. for example D. in return56. A. change B. reminder C. prediction D. difficulty57. A. encouraged B. unprepared C. entitled D. undetermined58. A. predictions B. targets C. decisions D. inquiries59. A. independence B. performance C. competition D. teamwork60. A. argue B. bargain C. identify D. interact61. A. success B. ambition C. completion D. purpose62. A. attached B. exposed C. related D. addicted63. A. patience B. advice C. expectation D. relief64. A. Pairing B. Charging C. Involving D. Rewarding65. A. availability B. possibilities C. invasion D. realities51—55 CBCAC 56—60 ABCDD 61—65 ABBADFeeling good about our actions — not guilt or pity— motivates giving, according to the latest research.51 seeing or hearing about suffering children makes most people uncomfortable, that grief is not what drives them to dig into their pockets and donate. The reasons people decide to be selfless, it turns out, may be slightly more 52 .In the study, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, researchers found that people are more likely to give when they think it will make them feel better. They donate, 53 , when they feel hope about putting smiles on those expectant and suffering faces. And that hope, or similar feel-good sensa tions, are driven by the brain’s reward systems.Researchers —and charities —have long known that putting a(n) 54 face on an abstract problem opens hearts and wallets. Josef Stalin once said that while one death is a(n) 55 , a million is merely a number. Studies have since found that quantifying the size of a disaster or particular need actually 56 giving, while presenting a single story is more likely to cause a desire to help.But it wasn’t clear whether this “identifiable victim” effect resulted from people’s 57 over their own privilege and resources — or from a sense of connection with the 58 and an urge to feel good about making a difference.To find out, researchers led by Alexander Genevsky, a graduate student in psychology at Stanford, imaged the brains of 22 young adults. In the scanner, they saw either a silhouette (剪影) or a head shot of a young African child. As in previous studies, participants were far more likely to give if they saw a face than a blank silhouette—donating almost twice as much in photo trials than in the others. However, this decision was related strongly to their 59 . If they showed little activity in their nucleus accumbens— a brain region linked to every type of pleasurable experience— they were actually less likely to give. But if there is a sharp 60 of activity in this reward area, they felt good and gave more. And the photos of the children were more likely to 61 this reward center. Activity in the accumbens, in fact, completely 62 the difference in giving seen between the silhouette-based requests and the photo-based ones.While the findings point to the feel-good 63 behind giving, other research will have to address the question of why givers get that positive emotional boost. Do people feel rewarded when they give because they think about the happiness of the recipient — or do they feel good because they see themselves as 64 and that self-esteem boost (自信心增强) is mood-enhancing? Such information could help charities 65 their messages to maximize their effectiveness.51. A. Since B. Although C. If D. As52. A. passive B. earnest C. impersonal D. selfish53. A. for example B. on the contrary C. as a result D. on the other hand54. A. plain B. ugly C. specific D. frightened55. A. accident B. threat C. solution D. tragedy56. A. ruins B. stimulates C. lowers D. skips57. A. anger B. guilt C. regret D. joy58. A. desire B. mind C. victim D. stuff59. A. actions B. beliefs C. images D. emotions60. A. edge B. rise C. turn D. division61. A. monitor B. target C. activate D. interrupt62. A. resulted from B. counted on C. accounted for D. subjected to63. A. motivations B. compliment s C. ambitions D. requests64. A. executive B. justified C. innocent D. generous65. A. conceal B. tailor C. obtain D. delete51. B 52. D 53.A 54.C 55.D 56.C 57.B 58.C 59.D 60.B61. C 62. C 63.A 64.D 65.BThere are many things parents can do to help children with autism (自闭症) overcome their challenges. Learning all you can about autism and getting __51__ in treatment will go a long way toward helping your child. Additionally, the following tips will make daily home life easier for both you and your autistic child:•Be consistent（一致的）.Children with autism have a hard time __52__ what they’ve learned if there is a change of setting. For example, your child may use sign language at school to communicate, but never think to do so at home. Creating __53__ in your child’s environment is the best way to reinforce learning. Find out what your child’s therapists are doing and continue their techniques at home. Explore the __54__ of having therapy take place in more than one place in order to encourage your child to __55__ what he or she has learned from one environment to another. It’s also important to be consistent in the way you __56__ with your child and deal with challenging behaviors.•__57__ a schedule. Children with autism tend to do best when they have a highly-structured schedule or routine. Again, this goes back to the consistency they both need and crave. Set up a schedule for your child, with __58__ times for meals, therapy, school, and bedtime. Try to keep disturbance to this routine to a __59__. If there is an unavoidable schedule change, prepare your child for it __60__.•__61__ good behavior. Positive reinforcement can go a long way with children with autism, so make an effort to “catch them doing something good.” Praise them when they act appropriately or learn a new skill, being very __62__ about what behavior they’re being praised for.•Pay attention to your child’s sensory sensitivities.Many children with autism are hypersensitive to light, sound, touch, taste, and smell. Other children with autism are “under-sensitive” to sensory stimuli. __63__ what sights, sounds, smells and movements cause your kid’s “bad” or disruptive behaviors and what brings about a(n) __64__ response. If you understand what affects your child, you’ll be better at solving problems, preventing situations that cause difficulties, and creating __65__ experiences.51. A. encouraged B. balanced C. absorbed D. involved52. A. applying B. devoting C. communicating D. appealing53. A. attraction B. comfort C. steadiness D. attention54. A. possibility B. goal C. process D. solution55. A. transplant B. transfer C. transport D. transform56. A. meet B. interact C. negotiate D. associate。

2016年长宁（嘉定、宝山、青浦）区高三英语卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)About dancing bearsYoung bears are captured in the wild, separated from their mothers, and taught by a trainer to become dancing bears in conditions of unimaginable cruelty.The young animals are forced on to sheets of really hot metal and, (25) ______ (escape) the pain, the bears alternate lifting up one paw(爪子) and then another while music is played. The process is repeated again and again (26) ______ the animals automatically begin to raise their paws – to “dance”– in fear of the pain, even when there are no metal sheets.As the bears get older, the trainers keep them under control by imposing pain. They do this by putting rings through the bears’ highly sensitive noses and jaws. The pitiful truth is (27) ______ they are not put to sleep for this painful process. Chains (28) ______ (attach) to the rings so the trainers can control the animals, (29) ______ weigh up to 350 kilograms, with only a slight pull on the chains.The bears’ nails are cut several times a year and their teeth broken or removed in order that they cannot get their trainers (30) ______ (injure). The bears also suffer with an inadequate diet usually (31) ______ (consist) of white bread, sugar and cheap fruit juices. All these cause the bears serious physical health problems (32) ______ ______ many of them display strange behavior such as swaying (摇摆) and pacing as they cannot follow natural behavioral patterns and instincts.(B)The Power of GoodIt was Mother’s Day morning last year and I was shopping at our local supermarket with my five-year-old son, Tenyson. As we were leaving, we realised that only minutes (33) ______ (early) an elderly woman had fallen and hurt (34) ______ badly. She was embarrassed and clearly in shock. Fortunately, her husband was with her and many people had stopped to help out. Walking towards the scene,Tenyson became very upset about (35) ______ had happened to the elderly couple. He said to me, “(36) ______ (fall) over in front of everyone isn’t much fun.”Near the entrance of the supermarket, a charity group had set up a stall selling flowers. Tenyson suggested that we should buy the lady a flower. “It will make her feel better,” he said. I was amazed that he would have this sweet idea, so I asked the flower seller if I (37) _____ buy a flower for the elderly lady because my son wanted to give it to her to cheer her up. “Just take it,” she replied. “I can’t take your money for such wonderful gesture.”By then a nurse (38) ______ (arrive), and was attending to the woman. As we walked up to her, Tenyson became frightened by all the blood and medical equipment. Instead I gave (39) ______ flower to the woman’s husband. The old man thanked us both, then bent down and gave it to his wife, telling her who it was (40) ______. Despite being badly hurt and shaken, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with lovein her eyes and gave him a little smile.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Ecotours are unique adventures that join nature and sightseeing into one exciting package. Learning about the environment and the world around us is the 41 of an ecotour because you get to experience the natural world firsthand. A great way for students studying biology and environmental sciences to experience 42 life and nature is to take your own ecotour! Orlando airboat rides can givey o u a n e x p e r i e n c e t o r e m e m b e r a n d c a n b e a f u n a n d 43 way to learn more about the Florida environment.Ecotours involve travelling to a natural environment where you are guidedb y a(n)44 helping you learn about the surrounding environment and extend your environmental education. This can include learning how the plants and animals ony o u r O r l a n d o a i r b o a t r i d e s 45 from each other, or you can be simply becoming more aware of preservation efforts towards the Everglades, the largest wetland in North America.Orlando airboat rides can help you learn about Florida history, observe alligators (短吻鳄) and other wildlife, and experience the 46 nature of the muddy wilderness. Taking an ecotour can help you become more aware of your environment and further instruct you on the impact we have on the environment. Our goal is to help you understand the Everglades and how important it is to 47 the wetland.Wild Florida provides the perfect opportunity for a school trip that satisfies t h o s e 48 with learning more about environmental sciences, or to those just curious about the Everglades. Hands-on and active learning on an airboat ride is often a more exciting and adventurous 49 to sitting in a classroom, so why not plan your ecotrip with Wild Florida?Wild Florida is reputable for 50 in creating an exciting and unique ecotour that’s fun for everyone in your family! You will be flying through the muddy Everglades in our airboat rides while observing and learning about alligators, bald birds, the history of the Everglades, and so much more. Book your Orlando airboat rides today by calling us at 407-901-2563 to experience a one-of-a-kind ecotour that you won’t soon forget.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Over the last 15 years, digital communication has brought in more changes than the printing press did in 1570. And those most likely to use them in this world are teenagers, whose brains appear to have an extraordinary volume to adapt to the world around them, according to Dr Jay Giedd, a(n) 51 brain expert.We are now discovering that, as a species, our brains during the teenage years are still flexible and capable of 52 . Having a more flexible brain, 53 , means that certain parts of it, such as desire control and the ability to make long-term decisions, haven’t developed yet, which may also explain why we spend a(n) 54 period living under the protection of our parents rather than leaving home at the age of 12 or 13. This also means that the teenage brain can adapt to new technology, enabling teenagers to 55 the increasing pace of digital technology and giving them an advantage when it comes to multitasking.In the USA, on average teenagers spend 8.5 hours a day using computers, mobiles,and other devices to learn, interact, and play. This increases to 11.5 hours if y o u i n c l u d e a l l o f t h e 56 that goes on, such as talking on the phone while watching TV. As they stare at these screens, they’re taking in and sorting through an incredible amount of information.There are 57 about how social media is affecting the way the brain learns to 58 , as one of the most important skills that we learn as children is how to make friends and interact with people around us. Geidd says that a lot of what goes on inside our brains is social. Social interactions are now being 59 by technology – you could have hundreds of friends, all of whom are real people that you interact with and scientists aren’t sure whether we’ll be able to develop the same 60 using social media.There is a(n) 61 of the growing digital trend: YouTube shows the teenagers all over the world are watching the same videos and laughing at the same jokes, indicating that they are more 62 than teenagers in the past. They may be keen on 63 their friends and posting updates on social media sites, but teenagers today are probably going to have access to technology and 64 social and educational opportunities that anyone with a less flexible brain may have trouble imagining. Nevertheless, there is a cut-off point, and by the age of 30, our brains in their ways, making it more 65 for us to adapt and cope with new technologies.51. A. digital B. adolescent C. surgical D. artificial52. A. functioning B. noticing C. adjusting D. deciding53. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead54. A. natural B. glorious C. limited D. extended55. A. keep up with B. come up with C. put up with D. end up with56. A. gossiping B. multitasking C. interacting D. playing57. A. reports B. curiosities C. concerns D. talks58. A. memorize B. sort C. imagine D. socialize59. A. changed B. controlled C. troubled D. interrupted60. A. trends B. attitudes C. societies D. skills61. A. advantage B. distraction C. indication D. history62. A. absent-minded B. global-minded C. quick-minded D. serious-minded63. A. accessing B. texting C. discovering D. watching64. A. on the whole B. as a result C. in other words D. by all means65. A. flexible B. important C. difficult D. incredibleSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Sebastian Faulks has written many novels, including Devil May Care, the latest James Bond book. This cutting comes from a very different kind of novel called Charlotte Gray. The setting is a transit(中转)camp near Paris during the Second World War, where a group of people, including two small children, Andre and Jacob, await transport to take them to a concentration camp outside France. Although these people –the ‘deportees’ of the cutting – are not fully aware of this, they face certain death.The Last NightAndre was lying on the floor when a man came with postcards on which the deportees might write a final message. He advised them to leave them at the station or throw them from the train as camp orders forbade access to the post. Two or three pencils that had survived the camps search were passed round among the people in the room. Some wrote with weeping passion, some with great care, as though their safety, or at least the way in which they were remembered, depended upon their choice of words.A woman came with a sandwich for each child to take on the journey. She also had a bucket of water, round which they gathered, holding out food cans they passed from one to another. One of the older boys hugged her in his gratitude, but the bucket was soon empty. When she was gone, there were only the small hours of the night to go through. Andre was lying on the straw, and Jacob leaned close to him for warmth.Five buses had come in through the main entrance, and now stood trembling in the corner of the yard. At a long table … the commandant of the camp himself sat with a list of names that another policeman was calling out in alphabetical order. Andre heard his name and moved with Jacob towards the bus. From the other side of the courtyard, from windows open on the dawn, a shower of food was thrown towards them by women crying and calling out their names.Andre looked up, and in a chance angle of light he saw a woman’s face in which the eyes were fixed with terrible fierceness on a child beside him. Why did she stare as though she hated him? Then it came to Andre that she was not looking in hatred, but had kept her eyes so intensely open in order to fix the picture of her child in her mind. She was looking to remember, for ever. …66. What can we learn from the first part of the passage?A. The background and the situation of World War II.B. The transit camp and the transportation in Paris.C. The author, the setting and the main characters.D. The main idea and the names on the list.67. Which of the following is true about the things going on in the transit camp?A. The deportees were eager to leave their final messages.B. A humble breakfast was served to children late that morning.C. Andre happened to witness the deportees’ routine camp life.D. The camp commandant stood by a long table calling the roll.68. The woman stared at her child fiercely probably because ______.A. she found her child was trembling and crying for foodB. she thought she would never see her child any moreC. she was filled with an attempt to escape from deathD. she was driven mad by the life in the transit camp69. The author told the story in a(n) ______ tone.A. casualB. desperateC. hatredD. innocent(B)What we doEFP Courses provide courses in English languageand British culture. Our courses are aimed at studentsaged between 12 and 17 who are at pre-intermediatelevel or above in English. The courses are held in Guildford, a historic town near London.Typical structure of a one-week courseup to 25 hours of English run by native speakers, qualified in teaching English as a foreign language and specialist drama teachers2 full-day sightseeing trips to London and Oxford (at weekends)full board (全食宿) with local, English-speaking familiesWhen we run the coursesEFP courses can be organized only during British state school terms. For this academic year, courses can be booked between now and 23 May and between 30 May and 30 June. We welcome you to book from 3 September 2016 to 25 October 2016 andfrom 31 October to 20 December 2016.Why choose EFP coursesin addition to our standard English classes, we also run drama and expression English classes, taught by specialist drama teacherswe expose our students to British culture for the entire length of the course we tailor courses to each group’s needs, creating a unique experience for our students. Note that any changes to our courses are made within reason and only if all participants from a group share the same language level. Please see further details on our website.Length of a courseEFP courses run for either one or two weeks depending on the specific requirements for your group.How to applyPlease register your interest by sending an email to info@. By contacting us before you make any travel arrangements you ensure that we can put your group up on the dates that you require. For more details, please visit .See you in Guildford soon!70. What does the leaflet tell us about EFP courses?A.Their target students are teenagers of all English levels.B. They are available on the school campuses in London and Oxford.C. Every individual participant is supplied with tailored language support.D. They involve students in British culture activities during the whole course.71. Suppose you are to take EFP courses this academic year, you can ______.A. hand in an application by visiting their websiteB. enjoy a special series of lessons for a whole school termC. experience English dramas with English-speaking familiesD. make a reservation from October 31 to December 2072. The purpose of this writing is to ______.A. attract qualified teachers to EFP coursesB. demonstrate the popularity of EFP coursesC. offer group students access to EFP coursesD. illustrate the importance of EFP courses(C)Lindsay Renwick, the mayor of Deniliquin, a country town in New South Wales, misses the constant whir (嗡嗡声) of the rice mill whose giant fans dried the rice. The Deniliquin mill, the largest rice mill in the Southern Hemisphere (南半球), once processed enough grain to meet the needs of 20 million people globally. But six years of drought have had a destructive effect, reducing Australia’s rice crop by 98 percent and leading to the mothballing of the mill last December.Drought affects every agriculture industry based in Australia, not just rice – from sheep farming, the country’s other backbone, to the cultivation of grapes for wine, the fastest-growing crop there, with that expansion often coming at the expense of rice. The drought’s effect on rice has produced the greatest impact on the rest of the world, so far. It is one factor contributing to skyrocketing prices, and many scientists believe it is among the earliest signs that a warming planet is starting to affect food production.Researchers are looking for solutions to global rice shortages – for example, rice that blooms earlier in the day, when it is cooler, to fight against global warming. Rice plants that happen to bloom on hot days are less likely to produce grains of rice, a difficulty that is already starting to emerge in inland areas of China and other Asian countries as temperatures begin to climb. “There will be problems very soon unless we have new varieties of rice in place,” said Reiner Wassmann, climate change director at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The recent reports on climate change carried a warning that could make the news even worse: that existing models for the effects of climate change on agriculture did not yet include newer findings that global warming could reduce rainfall and make it more variable.Yet the effects of climate change are not uniformly bad for rice. Rising concentrations (浓度) of carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, can actually help rice –although the effect reduces or disappears if the plants face unnecessary heat, inadequate water, severe pollution or other stresses. Still, the flexibility of farmers here has persuaded some climate experts that, particularly in developed countries, the effects of climate change may be relieved, if not completely avoided. “I’m not as negative as most people,” said Will Steffen, director of the Fenner School of Environment and Society at Australian National University. “Farmers are learning how to do things differently.”Meanwhile, changes like the use of water to grow wine grapes instead of rice carry their own costs, as the developing world is discovering. “Rice is an essential food,” said Graeme Haley, the general manager of the town of Deniliquin. “Wine is not.”73. By “the mothballing of the mill” (in Paragraph 1) the author most probablymeans the mill is ______.A. kept unprocessedB. left unusedC. being entirely restoredD. being pushed round74. To find the ways to cope with the global rice shortage, researchers are ______.A. seeking new types of rice which could bloom at a lower temperatureB. building greenhouses which could provide more heat for rice to growC. studying climate changes in China which may affect rice growing in AsiaD. looking for alternative agriculture industries which may take the place of rice75. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Rice plants are fond of higher temperature in the process of growing.B. Global warming has shown few signs of influence on agriculture.C. Rice prices are rising steadily owing to the crop failure in Australia.D. Global warming may contribute to more complicated weather conditions.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. Australia is the largest rice producing country around the worldB. most people look on the bright side of the flexibility of farmersC. climate changes have simply brought negative effects to people’s livesD. wine grape cultivation has threatened the rice production in Australia77. Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage?A. Rice shortage and wine boomB. Drought, the enemy of rice productionC. Rice crisis and its solutionD. Rice issue, a focus of the public attentionSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.What colour is it today? What shape is that smell? What does that pain sound like? These questions might seem like nonsense, but four people in 100 might think they make perfect sense. That four percent have synesthesia, and they naturally experience certain senses together. One form of this is pairing numbers or letters with a fixed colour – a blue “1” or a red “D.” Other synesthetes, people withsynesthesia, may think the word “hurricane” tastes salty. Yet others with “mirror-touch synesthesia” see someone hit on the head and also feel the hit themselves.Synesthesia is not completely understood though it is in our genes. The white matter(脑白质) of synesthetes is organized differently from that of people without synesthesia, which may account for the differences in perception(感知). Synesthesia is widely accepted and researched today, but that hasn’t always been true. Though it caught scientific interest in the late 1800s, it was later rejected as a self-created way of thinking. But as people have become more fascinated by the differences in individual perception, a focus on synesthesia has been renewed. At the present time, scientists in various fields are examining the phenomenon.As scientists continue to study synesthesia, certain advantages have been noticed. Studies show that the sensation connections that synesthetes experience aid them in abilities related to memory. Researchers believe that this advantage may help stop the loss of cognitive (认知) function in the elderly. This aspect of synesthesia could even help patients recover from brain injuries. Synesthetes also tend to be artists, singers Pharrell Williams and Lady Gaga being some famous examples. Most likely, synesthesia doesn’t give artistic sensitivity, but it’s understandable that seeing colours in music, for instance, could inspire art.Strong drugs and increasing blindness have been known to cause synesthesia, but these are not good options for obvious reasons. One recent emphasis of the study of synesthesia is to determine whether non-synesthetes can acquire it. For now, the University of East London is training adults to establish letter-colour connections for memory improvement to some effect. It may not be long before words taste like our favourite foods and our favourite songs look like fireworks.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. According to the passage synesthetes are those __________________.79. Why do synesthetes have sensation connections while the others don’t?80. What groups of people might profit from synesthesia according to the third paragraph?81. Scientists are training adults to establish letter-colour connections to provethe possibility that __________________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 自上周起，孩子们就兴奋地聊着出游的打算了。

2016年上海市宝山区、嘉定区中考英语二模试卷一、Part 2 Phonetics，Grammar and VocabularyII.Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）26．Nodding head means"yes"in our country．Which of the following is correct for the underlined word in the sentence？（）A．/mi：ns/ B．/mi：nz/ C．/mi：ŋs/ D．/mi：ŋz/27．Which of the following on the night parts is different in pronunciation with others？（）A．They saved that wounded soldier．B．They lacked much money．C．He asked me to help his sister．D．He jumped highest in his class．28．Hands is honest．He is often praised by his teachers and friends．（）A．a B．an C．the D．/29．They got much important for their service from those new books．（）A．ideas B．photos C．information D．stories30．I saw several mobile phones in the school's Lost and Found Office，but of them belong to me．（）A．neither B．both C．none D．all31．We were asked to check the answers discussing with each other．（）A．in B．by C．of D．with32．is difficult for us to to work out the maths problem in five minutes．（）A．There B．It C．This D．That33．Over students in our school like surfing on the internet．（）A．three hundred B．three hundredsC．hundred of D．three hundred of34．His joke sounded，and it made all the people there laugh a lot．（）A．amazing B．clearly C．amusing D．well35．Eric completed the science test in our class．（）A．more quickly B．most quickly C．the quickest D．quicker36．The library of our neighborhood ten hours a day．（）A．opens B．is open C．has opened D．is opened37．Traffic jams in our city lots of questions about transport policy．（）A．has risen B．have risen C．have raised D．has raised38．I think the homeless cat is quite weak，so she well later by us．（）A．will be looked after B．has been looked afterC．is looked after D．was looked after39．How glad they were each other again in Beijing．（）A．to see B．see C．seeing D．seen40．Lindan succeeded in a gold medal in 2012London Olympic Games．（）A．win B．won C．to win D．winning41．I'm sorry I didn't hear what you．Could you repeat it？（）A．talked B．told C．said D．spoke42． you put your heart into the book，you won't understand it．（）A．Unless B．Until C．Because D．Though43．Mrs．White，our class teacher，asked the monitor．（）A．why was Tom late for schoolB．why Tom was late for schoolC．why is Tom late for schoolD．why Tom is late for school44．The police dragged the dear car which broke down away．The underlined word means""．（）A．cheap B．expensive C．old D．damaged45．A：May I ask you a question，Mr．Smith？B：．（）A．No，thanks． B．I'd love to．C．Yes，please go ahead D．No，you can't．二、Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box.Each one can only be used once.（将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次．）46．came back to life B．missing C．high D．top E．followingEaster is one of the oldest and most important Christian holidays．Christians celebrate Easter on the Sunday（46） the first full moon after March 21．They think of Easter Sunday as the day that Jesus（47）．Easter sunday is always between March 22 and April 25．Before Easter，Christian families decorate eggs with different colors and patterns．On easter sunday children wake up to find those eggs（48），and theywill look for the eggs all around the house．Some organizations also hold Easter ﹣egghunts，and the child who finds the most eggs wins a prize．In England，Germany，andsome other countries，children roll eggs down hills on Easter morning．They go to the（49） of a large hill with a decorated egg，roll the eggs down the hill，and the last egg to break is the winner．50．A．condition B．created C．after D．secondE．twiceIn every little girl's toy box，there might be a Barbie Doll（芭比娃娃）．Barbie is a 57 years oldthis year．It was designed in 1959 by an American business woman named Ruth Handler．She and her husband Elliott started the toy company Mattel．She named the new doll（50）their daughter Barbara．The first Barbie Doll appeared at the toy fair in New York on March 9th，1959．This date is used as Barbie's birthday．Mattel Sold three hundred thousand Barbie Dolls in the first year at a price of three dollars．Today，a 57﹣year﹣old Barbie in good（51）might cost more than twenty﹣seven thousand dollars．Mattel says 90% of the girls in the United States aged from three to ten own at least one Barbie Doll．When Mattel （52）Barbie Dolls half a century ago，they never thought this store would become a legend．Now Barbie Dolls are famous all over the world．They are sold in one hundred and fifty countries，and every （53）three Barbie Dolls are soldaround the world．四、 Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子）54．Helen lives on the floor of this tall building．（twelve）55．As a teacher，Mrs．Green always speaks to the children．（slow）56．I don't think Tom can swim the river at this point．It's too wide．（cross）57．My grandparents say that regular exercise and a good diet can years to life．（addition）58．Many students in Shanghai go to America for study every year．（far）59．George is measuring the of his computer desk to see if it will fit the new study．（long）60．If you don't go on a diet，it is for you to lose weight．（possible）61．The served us so wonderfully that we thanked her again and again．（wait）五、 Rewrite the following sentences as required（根据所给要求，改写下列句子．每空格限填一词）62．My friend knew something about the car accident．（改否定句）My friend know about the car accident．63．The Browns used to live in a small town near the beautiful beach．（对划线部分提问）the Browns use to live？64．The truck brings vegetables here every morning．（改为被动语态）Vegetables here every morning．65．Few of them can understand what the maths teacher said．（改为反意疑问句）Few of them can understand what the maths teacher said，？66．Tim doesn't like the film．Dick doesn't like the film，either．（合并为一句） Tim Dick likes the film．67．There is little rain in our city in winter．（保持原句意思）It in our city in winter．68．one week，Harry Potter，the book，reading，Laura，spent．（连词成句）．六、Reading Comprehension （阅读理解）：（共50分）1、Choose the best answer （根据文章内容，选择最恰当的答案）：69．People used to find it safe to keep their treasure and money in some secret or unknown places．They tried various ways as they could think out．They buried treasure to stop other people from taking it．Then they made a map of where the treasure was or wrote down other clues that would help them or someone else to find it again．In Britain a few years ago，a writer wrote about some treasure that he had buried．He put clues in the story to help readers find it．Thousands of people hunted for the treasure．They dug holes all over Britain，hoping to find it．One of the most popular adventure stories ever written in Robert Louis Stephenson's"Treasure Island"，an exciting story about a young boy，Jim Hawkins，who is captured by pirates，and later find some buried treasure．Then there is the true story about a man who had to travel overseas for a year．He did not trust banks，so he buried his life savings in a park．Then he went away．On hisreturn，he went straight to the park．But the park was no longer there．In its place，there was a huge building．And then there was a woman who buried her savings，all in bank notes，in a waterproof bag．When she dug it up years later，there was nothing left．Worms and insects had eaten the bag and everything in it．And of course，these are stories about people who bury things and either forget where they have buried them or lose the map．Although it is true that people sometimes lose their money because a bank fails，banks are still the safest place to keep our savings and treasures．69．People who bury treasure usually ．A．try to prevent others from taking itB．have a little moneyC．want to live in a quiet placeD．expect to leave it to others70． could help them or someone else to find it again．A．Making a map of the place and writing down some cluesB．Digging another hole and writing some cluesC．Colouring the place and making the mapD．Asking someone else and numbering the pace71．A writer in Britain ．A．really had buried some small coinsB．started a nationwide treasure huntC．had lost his treasure and wanted people to help him find itD．caused trouble because people dug holes everywhere72．"Treasure Island" ．A．is a story about piratesB．is about the adventures of Tim HawkinsC．is the most popular detective story ever writtenD．is a well﹣known fairy tale73．The man who buried his money in a park ．A．thought his money was safer there than in a bankB．stayed away longer than he expectedC．got his life savings back againD．travelled on the sea for a year74．From these stories we understand that ．A．we cannot trust banksB．we should not trust anyoneC．burying may not be the safe way to keep something valuableD．insects can keep anything valuable．75．It was a very fine day，Jane went to the theatre on her birthday with her sister and brother﹣in﹣law，Bill．It was a historical play，set（75）the eighteenth century，so all the actors were wearing costumes of the period．The first act was quite exciting．It wasabout a gypsy who had hypnotic powers．At first he had used those powers to help people who were ill．But now he used them for the sake of money．He hypnotized a nobleman and put him under his（76）as part of his plan．When the curtain fell forthe intermission，the audience clapped loudly．Jane had （77）been to the theater before，so the acting and costumes made her quite excited．During the intermission，she looked around at the rest of the audience in the balcony．She looked down to the stores and along the boxes．Suddenly，her gaze stopped．A man in one of the boxes（78） a gun and aiming it at the editor．"Lookover there，"Jane whispered her sister．"Whatever do you think he's going to do？""It must be a（an）（79）of the play，"replied her sister，"No one has been shot in the theater sinceAbraham Lincoln．""I suppose you're right，"said Jane．"You've seen the play before，Bill．Does anyone get shot during the second act？""I can't remember．Anywhere the director could have introduced it．Don't worry．I'm sure it's all right．"Halfway throughthe second act the gypsy had an argument，and then a fight with the nobleman．In the middle of the fight，the gypsy fell down on the stage．The audience gasped．They （80）that he had fainted．Jane looked at the box where the man with the gun had been．He had gone!75．A．on B．for C．in D．but76．A．order B．arms C．control D．reach77．A．seldom B．always C．often D．regularly 78．A．brought out B．was carrying C．was holding D．raised79．A．part B．character C．result D．end80．A．hoped B．thought C．observed D．realized81．It seems school children all over the world complain about their school food．Cherie Blair，the wife of former British Prime Minister Tony Blair，said that she would prepare a p（81）lunch for some if school dinners do not improve．So what dostudents of your age eat for lunch at school？JapanHigh schools have canteens，which serv everything from noodles to rice，but not burgers and chips．Other children bring food from home such as cold rice balls，meat or fish，pickles and vegetables．Students take home a menu for the coming month containing notes on nutrition value．Twice a year parents are invited to have a t（82）of the food．The class withthe fewest leftovers at the end of the month receives a prize．United StatesA typical menu from the u s school is made up of a hamburger with fried potatoes or roast chicken，lettuce and pickles，fruit and cookies．School lunches must also p（83）at least one third of the daily dietary allowances of protein vitamin A，vitamins C，calcium and calories．AustraliaMeat pies sausage rolls and hot dogs are all traditional dishes in Australian school shops．But as the nation pays more attention to c（84）health，healthier foods havestarted to find their way onto school menus．Many schools have used a traffic light system．The sale of red labeled foods，including pastries，chocolate and soft drinks，is served only twice a week．Healthier green labeled foods such as sushi，sandwich，corn and watermelon，however，are a （85） every day．In some schools，students have a choice of up to 89 foodsto choose from，including popcorn and rice．South AfricaMost of South Africa's schools do not serve meals at all．Classes end at1：30p．m．and students get their own lunches．Many students bring food from home，u（86）sandwiches．Fast food and fried food sell the best among students，which has led to a rise in obesity among children．But as more people began to realize the fact that b（87）too fat may cause different diseases，some schools in towns have led the way towards better nutrition．Now students at these schools are offered lunches of porridge with vegetables，such as cabbage，onions，beans，carrots and tomatoes．88．AlphaGo（阿尔法围棋），A computer program has beaten a master Go player Lee Se ﹣dol 4﹣1in a competition．Lee，One of the greatest players who has won 18 world championships for 21years of his professional career．It is seen as a landmark moment for artificial intelligence．The AlphaGo system was developed by British computer company Deep Mind which was bought by Google in 2014．Mr．Lee had we expressed his confidence ahead of the match，but after losing the first contest，he said"I was very surprised because I did not think I would lose the game"．Lee Se﹣dol said he felt"regrettable"about the result of the contest．At a press conference held after the final match，Mr．Lee said he did not necessarily think AlphaGo was superior humans．But he said he had more studying to do，and admitted the matches had challenged some of his ideas about the Go game．And the victory of the computer has led to some introspection．Go originated more than 2500 years ago in ancient China，and it's one of the oldest board games played today．It is considered one of the most complex board games．It is played on a board made up of a grid of 19 by 19 squares．The game opens with players taking turns to place black and white playing pieces，known as"stones"，on the vacant intersections，known as the"points"of the board．The aim，as the translation of its name means，Is to surround a larger total area of the board than your opponent by the end of the game．The contest was held in Seoul，the capital of South Korea，and has attracted huge attention．The first match was live broadcast and watched by 60million viewers in China alone，with an estimated global audience of 100 million．The AlphaGo's developer will get 1 million U．S．dollars in prize，which will be donated to charities．88．Lee Se﹣dol hasn't won over AlphaGo in the game，has he？．89．Who made the AlphaGo system？．90．How did Lee Se﹣dol feel before the match？．91．Where was the contest held？．92．How many cross points are there on the Go board？．93．Do you think computer can completely take the place of humans？why？．七、 Writing （作文）：94．Write a passage of at least 60 words about the topic"Group Work．"（以"小组活动"为题写一篇不少于60词的短文，标点符号不占格．）小组活动是我们英语课堂中的一个重要学习方式．请你根据以下图示，写一篇短文，介绍我们应如何在课堂中开展小组活动，并谈谈这种学习方式的好处．注意：文中必须包含所有要点：Have different tasks﹣﹣﹣﹣discuss the topic﹣﹣﹣write down the key points and form a report﹣﹣﹣finish the task in time﹣﹣﹣make a report﹣﹣﹣your view2016年上海市宝山区、嘉定区中考英语二模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、Part 2 Phonetics，Grammar and VocabularyII.Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）26．Nodding head means"yes"in our country．Which of the following is correct for the underlined word in the sentence？（）A．/mi：ns/ B．/mi：nz/ C．/mi：ŋs/ D．/mi：ŋz/【考点】语音．【分析】点头在我国的意思是"是的"，以下哪个选项是句子中划线的单词的正确读音？【解答】答案：Bmean 动词，意思，结合题干主语是Nodding head，是第三人称单数，动词应该用应第三人称单数形式means，它的发音是/mi：nz/，和句意点头在我国的意思是"是的"，是相符的，故选B27．Which of the following on the night parts is different in pronunciation with others？（）A．They saved that wounded soldier．B．They lacked much money．C．He asked me to help his sister．D．He jumped highest in his class．【考点】语音．【分析】下面哪个划线部分读音和其他的读音不同？【解答】答案：A saved动词，拯救，音标是/seivd/，lacked动词，拯救，音标是/lækt/；asked动词，问，要求，音标是/ɑːskt/；jumped动词，跳，音标是/dʒʌmpt/，ed在清辅音后面念/t/，浊辅音后面念/d/，故选A．28．Hands is honest．He is often praised by his teachers and friends．（）A．a B．an C．the D．/【考点】零冠词．【分析】汉德是诚实的．他经常被他的老师和朋友表扬．【解答】答案：D根据句子结构Hands是句子主语，is为系动词，其后直接跟形容词作表语，不需要添加冠词，故选D．29．They got much important for their service from those new books．（）A．ideas B．photos C．information D．stories【考点】名词的词义辨析．【分析】他们从那些新书里面得到了很多关于他们服务的重要信息．【解答】正确答案：C．ideas是想法，主意，photos是照片，information是信息，stories 是故事，ABD是可数名词，只要C是可数名词．本题的解题关键是much，其后只能跟不可数名词，故根据排除法选择C．30．I saw several mobile phones in the school's Lost and Found Office，but of them belong to me．（）A．neither B．both C．none D．all【考点】不定代词．【分析】我看见在学校的失物招领处有好几部手机，但是没有一部手机是我的．【解答】答案：C．neither意思是"两者都不"；both意思是"两者都"；none意思是"三者或三者以上都不"；all意思是"三者或三者以上都"；根据"several mobile phones"好几部手机，可知数量应该是大于三的，又根据"but of them belong to me"有but表示转折，可知失物招领处虽然有好几部手机，但是这些手机当中没有我的手机，所以要用none来填空，故选C．31．We were asked to check the answers discussing with each other．（）A．in B．by C．of D．with【考点】常用介词的辨析．【分析】我们被要求通过相互讨论来核对答案．【解答】正确答案：B．句意是我们被要求通过相互讨论来核对答案，其中介词by表示通过…方式，后需跟动名词，故选择B．discuss with表示和…讨论．32．is difficult for us to to work out the maths problem in five minutes．（）A．There B．It C．This D．That【考点】形式主语．【分析】对我们而言在五分钟之内做出这道数学题是困难的．【解答】答案：B根据句意和联系后面的语境可知，考查固定句型：It is+形容词+for sb．+to do sth．对某人而言做某事…，其中it在句中放在句首作形式主语，to work out the maths problem 在句中做真正的主语．33．Over students in our school like surfing on the internet．（）A．three hundred B．three hundredsC．hundred of D．three hundred of【考点】数词的用法．【分析】我们学校三百多名学生喜欢上网．【解答】正确答案：A．hundred，thousand等数词当表示不确定数目时，其常用表达是hundreds/thousands of，后跟可数名词复数，当表示确定数目时，其常用表达是基数词+hundred/thousand，后跟可数名词复数．根据句意我们学校三百多名学生喜欢上网，其中三百是一个确切的数目，故选择A．34．His joke sounded，and it made all the people there laugh a lot．（）A．amazing B．clearly C．amusing D．well【考点】形容词词义辨析．【分析】他的笑话听起来很有趣，它让那里的所有人都放声大笑．【解答】答案：C选项A：令人惊奇的，选项B：清晰的；选项C：有趣的，好笑的；选项D：好的（特指身体好，身体健康的）；根据下文 it made all the people there laugh a lot（它让那里的所有人都放声大笑），故知他的笑话很好笑，很有趣"amusing"故选C．35．Eric completed the science test in our class．（）A．more quickly B．most quickly C．the quickest D．quicker【考点】副词的比较级和最高级．【分析】艾瑞克是我们班最快完成科学测验的．【解答】答案：B．结合句意空格处是用来修饰动词complete，故用副词quickly，结合后面的范围in our class以及句意这里是表示是最快的，quickly是多音节单词，最高级是加上most，副词的最高级前面不用加上the，故答案是B．36．The library of our neighborhood ten hours a day．（）A．opens B．is open C．has opened D．is opened【考点】主语+系动词+表语．【分析】我们社区的图书馆一天开放十小时．【解答】答案：B．根据The library of our neighborhood ten hours a day，可知意思是我们社区的图书馆一天开放十小时，在这里用be+adj表示一种状态，be open开着，library 是单数，be动词用is，故选B．37．Traffic jams in our city lots of questions about transport policy．（）A．has risen B．have risen C．have raised D．has raised【考点】现在完成时．【分析】我们城市的交通堵塞已经引起了许多关于交通运输政策的问题．【解答】答案：C根据句意：我们城市的交通堵塞已经引起了许多关于交通运输政策的问题，本题中四个选项都是现在完成时，现在完成时态表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果．或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态．本题属于过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，现在完成时态的构成：助动词have/has+过去分词，主语是Traffic jams in our city我们城市的交通堵塞，是名词的复数，所以排除A，D．rise 动词，上升，过去分词是risen，是不及物动词；raise 动词，提高，引起，是及物动词，结合题干空格后是宾语，所以应该用及物动词raised，故选C．38．I think the homeless cat is quite weak，so she well later by us．（）A．will be looked after B．has been looked afterC．is looked after D．was looked after【考点】一般将来时的被动语态．【分析】我认为那只无家可归的小猫很虚弱，接下来我们要好好照顾它．【解答】答案：A．首先根据语境推测句意是"我认为那只无家可归的小猫很虚弱，接下来我们要好好照顾它．"表述的是将来的事情，判断句子中的谓语动词用一般将来时，主语the homeless cat 是动作look after 的承受者，所以用被动语态，一般将来时被动语态的构成是：主语+will be+动词的过去分词，故选A．39．How glad they were each other again in Beijing．（）A．to see B．see C．seeing D．seen【考点】不定式．【分析】他们再一次在北京互相见了面是多么高兴啊！【解答】答案：A．本句可以改写成they were so glad to see each other again in shanghai，本题考查be+adj+to do sth做某事怎么样，后面跟to引导的动词不定式形式．故选A．40．Lindan succeeded in a gold medal in 2012London Olympic Games．（）A．win B．won C．to win D．winning【考点】动名词．【分析】在2012年伦敦奥运会上林丹成功获得一枚金牌．【解答】答案：D根据succeeded in 结合选项词为动词win，联想到固定表达succeed in doing sth指"成功做某事"；所以此处应用win的动名词winning，此句是指：在2012年伦敦奥运会上林丹成功获得一枚金牌．故选：D41．I'm sorry I didn't hear what you．Could you repeat it？（）A．talked B．told C．said D．spoke【考点】动词词义辨析．【分析】对不起我没有听到你所说的．你能重复一遍吗？【解答】答案：C根据各个选项表达意思可知talk意为"谈话"不注重所说的内容，一般用作不及物动词，可与介词to、with和about 连用．tell意为"告诉、讲述"多用于讲故事（story）、真话（the truth）；say意为"说、讲"着重讲话的内容，常用作及物动词．宾语可以是代词或从句．speak 意为"说话、讲演"一般用作不及物动词，在用作及物动词时，宾语只能是语言等少数几个名词．根据下文的意思"你能重复一遍吗？"结合题干I'm sorry I didn't hear what you…可推知我没有听到你所说的，即强调说话的内容，故填said，故选C42． you put your heart into the book，you won't understand it．（）A．Unless B．Until C．Because D．Though【考点】连词辨析．【分析】除非你用心读书，不然你不会理解它的．【解答】正确答案：A．unless引导条件状语从句，表示除非、如果不，until引导时间状语从句，表示直到…为止，because引导原因状语从句，表示因为，though引导让步状语从句，表示虽然、尽管．根据句意除非你用心读书，不然你不会理解它的，相当于if…not．故选择A．43．Mrs．White，our class teacher，asked the monitor．（）A．why was Tom late for schoolB．why Tom was late for schoolC．why is Tom late for schoolD．why Tom is late for school【考点】宾语从句．【分析】White小姐，我们的班主任，询问班长Tom为什么上学迟到了．【解答】答案：B．根据asked the monitor，可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法．在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序，选项AC是疑问句语序，排除掉．再根据He asked me，可知这里句子使用的时态是一般过去时，那么宾语从句就要相应的用过去时，选项D是is，不符合时态要求，排除掉．故选B．44．The police dragged the dear car which broke down away．The underlined word means""．（）A．cheap B．expensive C．old D．damaged【考点】形容词词义辨析．【分析】警察拖走了那辆抛锚的非常昂贵的小汽车．划线单词的意思是…【解答】答案：B．首先明确选项中各个选项的意思，A：便宜的；B：贵的；C：旧的；D：受损的；原句的句意是"警察拖走了那辆抛锚的非常昂贵的小汽车．"，其中下划线部分的意思是"贵的"，故答案为B．45．A：May I ask you a question，Mr．Smith？B：．（）A．No，thanks． B．I'd love to．C．Yes，please go ahead D．No，you can't．【考点】常用日常交际用语．【分析】﹣﹣我能问你一个问题吗，史密斯先生？﹣﹣嗯，请讲．【解答】答案：CA 不，谢谢；B 我愿意；C 可以，请讲；D 不，你不可以．根据句意"我能问你一个问题吗，史密斯先生？"可知，只有C符合语境，故答案为C二、Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box.Each one can only be used once.（将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次．）46．came back to life B．missing C．high D．top E．followingEaster is one of the oldest and most important Christian holidays．Christians celebrate Easter on the Sunday（46） E the first full moon after March 21．They think of Easter Sunday as the day that Jesus（47） A ．Easter sunday is always between March 22 and April 25．Before Easter，Christian families decorate eggs with different colors and patterns．On easter sunday children wake up to find those eggs （48） B ，and theywill look for the eggs all around the house．Some organizations also hold Easter ﹣egghunts，and the child who finds the most eggs wins a prize．In England，Germany，andsome other countries，children roll eggs down hills on Easter morning．They go to the（49） D of a large hill with a decorated egg，roll the eggs down the hill，and the last egg to break is the winner．【考点】选词填空．【分析】复活节是基督教的节日当中最古老最重要的节日之一，基督教徒在3月21后，月圆之日接下来的第一个星期天庆祝复活节，他们把复活节星期日当作是耶稣复活的日子．复活节星期日通常在3月22日至4月25日之间，复活节之前，基督教家庭用不同的颜色和图式装饰鸡蛋，在复活节星期天，孩子们醒来发现那些鸡蛋不见了，于是他们在家里到处寻找鸡蛋，有的地方还组织复活节彩蛋搜寻活动，找到鸡蛋数量最多的那个孩子获奖，在英国、德国和其他国家，孩子们把复活节的鸡蛋从山上滚落下来．他们带着装饰过的鸡蛋来到一座大山顶上，把鸡蛋滚下山，最后一个摔碎的鸡蛋是获胜者．【解答】46．E 考查形容词结合语境结合常识推测此处的句意是"基督教徒在3月21后，月圆之日接下来的第一个星期天庆祝复活节，"，所以填形容词"接下来的"following，故答案是：E47．A 考查动词短语结合语境推测此处的句意是"他们把复活节星期日当作是耶稣复活的日子"，所以填短语came back to life，故答案是：A48．B 考查形容词结合语境结合下文的and they will look for the eggs all around the house推测此处的句意是"在复活节星期天，孩子们醒来发现那些鸡蛋不见了"，所以填形容词missing，故答案是：B49．D 考查名词结合语境推测此处的句意是"他们带着装饰过的鸡蛋来到一座大山顶上，把鸡蛋滚下山"，所以填名词"顶端"top，故答案是：D50．A．condition B．created C．after D．secondE．twiceIn every little girl's toy box，there might be a Barbie Doll（芭比娃娃）．Barbie is a 57 years oldthis year．It was designed in 1959 by an American business woman named Ruth Handler．She and her husband Elliott started the toy company Mattel．She named the new doll（50） C their daughter Barbara．The first Barbie Doll appeared at the toy fair in New York on March 9th，1959．This date is used as Barbie's birthday．Mattel Sold three hundred thousand Barbie Dolls in the first year at a price of three dollars．Today，a 57﹣year﹣old Barbie in good（51） A might cost more than twenty﹣seven thousand dollars．Mattel says 90% of the girls in the United States aged from three to ten own at least one Barbie Doll．When Mattel （52） B Barbie Dolls half a century ago，they never thought this store would become a legend．Now Barbie Dolls are famous all over the world．They aresold in one hundred and fifty countries，and every （53） D three Barbie Dolls are soldaround the world．【考点】选词填空．【分析】全文大意：在每一个小女孩的玩具盒里可能会有一个芭比娃娃．今年芭比57岁了．它是1959年由美国名叫 Ruth Handler的女商人设计的．她和丈夫Elliott 创办了美泰玩具公司．她以他们女儿 Barbara的名字给新的玩具命名．第一个芭比娃娃出现在1959年3月9日的纽约玩具展上．这个日期被用作芭比娃娃的生日．美泰公司在第一年以每个3美元的价格售出三十万个芭比娃娃．如今，一个57岁的状况很好的芭比娃娃可能售价二万七千多美元．Mattel说在美国90%的年龄在3到10岁的女孩至少有一个芭比娃娃．当美泰在半个世纪以前创造了芭比娃娃时，他们从未想过它会成为一个传奇．现在芭比娃娃全世界都很有名．他们在一百五十个国家销售，全世界每秒售出三个芭比娃娃．【解答】答案：50．C 考查介词及上下文理解根据题干She named the new doll （50）…their daughter Barbara，中的谓语动词name，结合所给词after，可推知固定短语name…after意为"以某人之名命名"，故该句意为"她以他们女儿 Barbara的名字给新的玩具命名"，故填after，故选C51．A 考查名词及上下文理解根据题干Today，a 57﹣year﹣old Barbie in good（51）…might cost more than twen ty﹣seven thousand dollars空格前为形容词good，故填入名词，所给词condition为名词意为"条件、状况"可知固定短语in good condition 意为"情况良好，处于良好的状态，状态良好"故该句意为"如今，一个57岁的状况很好的芭比娃娃可能售价二万七千多美元．"故选A52．B 考查动词及上下文理解根据题干When Mattel （52）…Barbie Dolls half a century ago，可知该空处在从句中作谓语，故填入动词的正确形式，结合句中的时间状语half a century ago"半个世纪以前"可知表达过去发生的事，故填入动词的过去式，结合所给词created，为create"创造、创作"的过去式，故该句意为"当美泰在半个世纪以前创造了芭比娃娃时…"，故选B53．D 考查名词及上下文理解根据上文可知芭比娃娃在一百五十个国家销售，结合题干every （53）…three Barbie Dolls are sold around the world．中every 为形容词后接可数名词单数表示"每一…"，所给名词second在本句中意为"秒"即every second"每秒"故整句话意为"全世界每秒售出三个芭比娃娃"，故选D四、 Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子）54．Helen lives on the twelfth floor of this tall building．（twelve）【考点】单词填空．【分析】﹣﹣海伦生活在这座大厦12楼．【解答】答案：twelfth 考查单词填空．根据题干：Helen lives on the floor of this tall building．海伦生活在这座大厦12楼．应该用序数词，twelve的序数词是twelfth．55．As a teacher，Mrs．Green always speaks slowly to the children．（slow）【考点】单词填空．【分析】﹣﹣作为一个老师，格林太太总是慢慢地对孩子们讲话．【解答】答案：slowly．考查单词填空．根据题干：As a teacher，Mrs．Green always speaks to the children．（slow）﹣﹣作为一个老师，格林太太总是慢慢地对孩子们讲话．要修饰动词speak要用副词，slow是一般是形容词，副词是slowly．56．I don't think Tom can swim across the river at this point．It's too wide．（cross）【考点】单词填空．【分析】我认为汤姆在这个时候不会游过小河，因为太宽了．【解答】答案：across．提示词是动词，意思是"穿过"，根据所给单词结合语境可以推测句意为"我认为汤姆在这个时候不会游过小河，因为太宽了．"，根据设空处前面的动词swim判断填介词，故答案为：across57．My grandparents say that regular exercise and a good diet can add years to life．（addition）【考点】单词填空．【分析】我的祖父母说有规律的训练和健康的饮食习惯可以延年益寿．【解答】答案：add．提示词是名词，意思是"添加"，根据所给单词结合语境可以推测句意为"我的祖父母说有规律的训练和健康的饮食习惯可以延年益寿．"，根据设空处前面的情态动词can判断填动词原形，故答案为：add58．Many students in Shanghai go to America for further study every year．（far）【考点】单词填空．【分析】每年上海有许多学生去美国深造．【解答】答案：further．提示词是形容词，意思是"远的"，根据所给单词结合语境可以推测句意为"每年上海有许多学生去美国深造．"，根据设空处修饰后面的名词study结合句意判断填比较级，故答案为：further59．George is measuring the length of his computer desk to see if it will fit the new study．（long）【考点】单词填空．。

绝密★启用前2016届上海市长宁、青浦、宝山、嘉定（四区)高考二模（理)数学试题试卷副标题注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷（选择题)请点击修改第I 卷的文字说明一、单选题1．“sin 0α=”是“cos 1α=”的（ ）.A ．充分不必要条件B ．必要不充分条件C ．充分必要条件D ．既不充分也不必要条件2．下列命题正确的是（ ）A ．若直线1l ∥平面α，直线2l ∥平面α，则12l l PB ．若直线l 上有两个点到平面α的距离相等，则l αPC ．直线l 与平面α所成角θ的取值范围是090θ︒︒<<D ．若直线1l ⊥平面α，直线2l ⊥平面α，则12l l P3．已知a r ，b r是平面内两个互相垂直的单位向量，若向量c r 满足()()0c a c b --=r r r r ，则c r的最大值是（ ）.A ．1B ．2 CD ．24．已知函数()3log ,03sin ,3156x x f x x x π⎧<<⎪=⎨⎛⎫≤≤ ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎩，若存在实数1x ，2x ，3x ，4x 满足f x f x f x f x ===，其中x x x x <<<，则x x x x 取值范围是（ ）A ．()60,96B ．()45,72C ．()30,48D ．()15,24第II 卷（非选择题)请点击修改第II 卷的文字说明 二、填空题5．设集合{}|2,A x x x R =<∈，{}2|430,B x x x x =-+∈R ≥，则A B =I __． 6．已知i 为虚数单位，复数z 满足11zi z-=+，则z =__． 7．设0a >且1a ≠，若函数()12x f x a -=+的反函数的图象经过定点P ，则点P 的坐标是__． 8．计算：()222lim 1n nn P C n →∞+=+__．9．在平面直角坐标系内，直线l ：220x y +-=，将l 与两坐标轴围成的封闭图形绕y 轴旋转一周，所得几何体的体积为__． 10．已知sin 2sin 0θθ+=，,2πθπ⎛⎫∈⎪⎝⎭，则tan 2θ=______. 11．定义在R 上的偶函数()y f x =，当0x ≥时，()24xf x =-，则不等式()0f x ≤的解集是__．12．在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，有一定点()1,1A ，若OA 的垂直平分线过抛物线C ：()220y px p =>的焦点，则抛物线C 的方程为__．13．直线11x y ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪=-⎪⎩（t 为参数）与曲线sin cos sin cos x y θθθθ=⋅⎧⎨=+⎩（θ为参数）的公共点的坐标为__．14．记12nx x ⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭的展开式中第m 项的系数为m b ，若342b b = ，则n =_______.15．从所有棱长均为2的正四棱锥的5个顶点中任取3个点，设随机变量ξ表示这三个点所构成的三角形的面积，则其数学期望E ξ=__．…………○……：___________班级：__…………○……16．若数列{}n a 23n n =+L ，则12231n a a a n +++=+L __________. 17．甲､乙两人同时参加一次数学测试,共有20道选择题,每题均有4个选项,答对得3分,答错或不答得0分,甲和乙都解答了所有的试题,经比较,他们只有2道题的选项不同,如果甲最终的得分为54分,那么乙的所有可能的得分值组成的集合为________.18．已知0a >，函数()([1,2])af x x x x=-∈的图像的两个端点分别为A 、B ，设M 是函数()f x 图像上任意一点，过M 作垂直于x 轴的直线l ，且l 与线段AB 交于点N ，若1MN ≤恒成立，则a 的最大值是______. 三、解答题19．如图，在直三棱柱111ABC A B C -中，ABC V 是等腰直角三角形，12AC BC AA ===，D 为侧棱1AA 的中点.（1）求证：BC ⊥平面11ACC A ；（2）求二面角11B CD C --的大小（结果用反三角函数值表示） 20．已知函数()()cos cos 1033x x f x x ππωωωω⎛⎫⎛⎫=+++--> ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，x ∈R ，且函数的最小正周期为π. （1）求函数()f x 的解析式；（2）在ABC V 中，角A 、B 、C 所对的边分别是a 、b 、c ，若()0f B =，32BA BC ⋅=uu r uu u r ，且4a c +=，试求b 的值．21．定义D 上的函数()f x ,若满足:对任意x D ∈,存在常数0M >,都有|()|f x M ≤成立,则称()f x 是D 上的有界函数,其中M 称为函数()f x 的上界. (1)设()x f x =,判断()f x 在11[,]-上是否有界函数,若是,请说明理由,并写出外……………………订…………○………※订※※线※※内※※答※※题※※内……………………订…………○………()f x 的所有上界的值的集合,若不是,也请说明理由;(2)若函数()124x x g x a =++⋅在[0,2]x ∈上是以3为上界的有界函数,求实数a 的取值范围.22．如图，设F 是椭圆22134x y +=的下焦点，直线()40y kx k =->与椭圆相交于A 、B 两点，与y 轴交于点P .（1）若PA AB =u u u r u u u r，求k 的值； （2）求证：AFP BFO ∠=∠； （3）求面积ABF V 的最大值．23．已知正项数列{}n a ，{}n b 满足：对任意正整数n ，都有n a ，n b ，1n a +成等差数列，n b ，1n a +，1n b +成等比数列，且110a =，215a =．（Ⅰ）求证：数列是等差数列；（Ⅱ）求数列{}n a ，{}n b 的通项公式； （Ⅲ）设n S =++…+，如果对任意的正整数n ，不等式22nn nb aS a <-恒成立，求实数a 的取值范围．参考答案1．B 【解析】 【分析】判断两个命题：sin 0α=⇒cos 1α=和cos 1α=⇒sin 0α=的真假即可得．【详解】由于22sin cos 1αα+=，且sin 0α=，得到cos 1α=±，故充分性不成立；当cos 1α=时，sin 0α=，故必要性成立.故选：B. 【点睛】本题考查充分必要条件的判断，解题方法是根据充分必要条件的定义．即判断两个命题p q ⇒和q p ⇒的真假．2．D 【解析】 【分析】根据线面平行垂直的性质与判定判断即可. 【详解】对A, 若直线1l ∥平面α,直线2l ∥平面α,不一定有12l l P ,故A 错误.对B,当l ⊥平面α时也满足直线l 上有两个点到平面α的距离相等.故B 错误. 对C, 直线l 与平面α所成角θ的取值范围是090θ︒︒≤≤,故C 错误. 对D, 若直线1l ⊥平面α,直线2l ⊥平面α,则12l l P 成立.故D 正确. 故选：D 【点睛】本题主要考查了线面平行垂直关系的判定,属于基础题型. 3．C 【解析】 【分析】利用数量积计算出||a b +=r r ()()c a c b --r r r r ，设c r 与a b +r r的夹角为α，可得||c α=r，从而可得结论．【详解】由于a b ⊥r r且||||1a b ==r r ，那么||a b +=r r c r 与a b +r r的夹角为α，所以22()()()||||||cos 0c a c b c a b c a b c c a b a b α--=-+⋅+⋅=-++⋅=r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r，即||c α=r，由于1cos 1α-≤≤，所以c r.故选：C. 【点睛】本题考查向量的数量积，考查向量的模与数量积的关系，掌握数量积的定义是解题关键． 4．B 【解析】 【分析】先画出函数()f x 的图象，再根据条件利用对数函数的运算性质以及三角函数的对称性，利用数形结合，即可求出其范围． 【详解】函数()f x 的图象如下图所示：若满足()()()()1234f x f x f x f x ===，其中1234x x x x <<<， 则101x <<，213x <<，则3132log log x x =-，即3132312log log log 0x x x x +==， 则121=x x ，同时()33,6x ∈，()412,15x ∈， ∵3x ，4x 关于9x =对称，∴3492x x +=， 则3418x x +=，则4318x x =-，则()1234343318x x x x x x x x ==-()2233318981x x x =-+=--+，∵()33,6x ∈， ∴()3445,72x x ∈， 即()123445,72x x x x ∈， 故选：B ．【点睛】本题主要考查分段函数的应用，灵活掌握数形结合的方法，以及转化与化归的思想即可，属于常考题型． 5．(]2,1- 【解析】 【分析】先分别解对应不等式，化简两集合，再根据交集的概念，即可得出结果． 【详解】{}{}|2,|22A x x x R x x =<∈=-<<，{}{}2|430,|31B x x x x R x x x =-+≥∈=≥≤或，则{}|21A B x x =-<≤I ， 故答案为：(]2,1-． 【点睛】本题主要考查集合的交集运算，熟记交集的概念，以及不等式的解法即可，属于基础题型． 6．1 【解析】 【分析】设出z a bi =+，得到()11a bi b a i --=-++，根据系数相等得到关于a ，b 的方程组，解出a ，b 的值，求出z ，从而求出z 的模． 【详解】 设z a bi =+，则1111z a bii z a bi---==+++， ∴()11a bi b a i --=-++，∴11a b b a -=-⎧⎨-=+⎩，解得01a b =⎧⎨=-⎩，故z i =-，1z =， 故答案为：1． 【点睛】本题主要考查求复数的模，熟记复数代数形式的乘法运算，以及复数的模即可，属于基础题型． 7．()3,1 【解析】 【分析】由于函数()12x f x a -=+经过定点()1,3，再利用反函数的性质即可得出．【详解】 ∵函数()12x f x a-=+经过定点()1,3，∴函数()f x 的反函数的图象经过定点()3,1P ， 故答案为：()3,1． 【点睛】本题主要考查函数恒过定点的问题，以及反函数的问题，熟记指数函数的性质，以及反函数的概念即可，属于基础题型． 8．32【解析】 【分析】先利用排列组合公式，将原式化简成223lim 221n n nn n →∞-⋅++的形式，再求极限，即可得出结果．【详解】()()()()2222112limlim11nn n n n n n n P Cn n →∞→∞--++=++2233lim 2212n n n n n →∞-=⋅=++.故答案为：32． 【点睛】本题主要考查极限及其运算，熟记运算法则即可，属于常考题型． 9．23π 【解析】 【分析】由题意可得绕y 轴旋转，形成的是以1为半径，2为高的圆锥，根据圆锥的体积公式，即可求得所得几何体的体积． 【详解】由题意可知绕y 轴旋转，形成的是以1为半径，2为高的圆锥， 则2121233V ππ=⋅⨯⨯=， 故答案为:23π．【点睛】本题主要考查求旋转体的体积，熟记圆锥的体积公式即可，属于常考题型． 10【解析】 【分析】由已知等式化简可得sin (2cos 1)0θθ+=，结合范围,2πθπ⎛⎫∈⎪⎝⎭，解得1cos 2θ=-，利用同角三角函数基本关系式可求tan θ，利用二倍角的正切函数公式可求tan 2θ的值. 【详解】sin 2sin 0θθ+=Q ， 2sin cos sin 0θθθ⇒+=，sin (2cos 1)0θθ⇒+=,,sin 02πθπθ⎛⎫∈≠ ⎪⎝⎭Q ，2cos 10θ∴+=，解得1cos 2θ=-，tan θ∴==22tan tan 21tan θθθ∴==-【点睛】本题主要考查的是三角恒等变换、二倍角的正弦、正切公式，同角三角函数关系的应用，考查学生的计算能力.11．[]22-,【解析】 【分析】根据条件判断函数的单调性和函数的零点，利用函数奇偶性和单调性的关系将不等式进行转化求解即可． 【详解】当0x ≥时，由()240xf x =-=得2x =，且当0x ≥时，函数()f x 为增函数， ∵()f x 是偶函数， ∴不等式()0f x ≤等价为()()2fx f ≤，即2x ≤，即22x -≤≤，即不等式的解集为[]22-,， 故答案为：[]22-,． 【点睛】本题主要考查由函数的奇偶性与单调性解不等式，熟记函数奇偶性，以及指数函数的单调性即可，属于常考题型． 12．24y x = 【解析】 【分析】先求出线段OA 的垂直平分线方程，然后表示出抛物线的焦点坐标并代入到所求方程中，进而可求得p 的值，即可得到抛物线方程． 【详解】 ∵点()1,1A ，依题意我们容易求得直线的方程为10x y +-=，把焦点坐标,02p ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭代入可求得焦参数2p =， 从而得到抛物线C 的方程为：24y x =． 故答案为：24y x =． 【点睛】本题主要考查求抛物线的方程，只需由题意求出焦点坐标，根据抛物线的焦点坐标即可得出抛物线方程，熟记抛物线标准方程即可，属于常考题型． 13．()0,1，3,22⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭【解析】 【分析】消去参数，得到直线和曲线的普通方程，联立方程组，解方程即可． 【详解】先求参数t 得直线的普通方程为21x y +=，即12y x =-， 消去参数θ得曲线的普通方程为212y x =+， 将12y x =-代入212y x =+， 得()21212x x -=+， 即214412x x x -+=+， 则246x x =，得0x =或32x =， 当0x =时，1y =， 当32x =时，3121322y =-⨯=-=-， 即公共点到坐标为()0,1，3,22⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭，故答案为：()0,1，3,22⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭． 【点睛】本题主要考查求直线与曲线的交点坐标，会将参数方程化为普通方程即可，属于常考题型． 14．5 【解析】 【分析】根据题意，结合二项式定理可得，2233222n n n n C --=⨯gg C ，解可得答案． 【详解】解：根据二项式定理，可得211(2)()2r n rr n r rn r r n n T C x C x x---+==g g g ， 根据题意，可得2233222n n n n C --=⨯gg C ， 解得5n =， 故答案为5． 【点睛】本题考查二项式定理，要区分二项式系数与系数两个不同的概念．15 【解析】 【分析】记所有棱长均为2的正四棱锥为S ABCD -，其中ABCD 是边长为2的正方形，推导出ξ的2，分别求出相应的概率，由此能求出其数学期望E ξ． 【详解】如图所有棱长均为2的正四棱锥S ABCD -中，ABCD 是边长为2的正方形，SO ⊥底面ABCD ，SO AO ==SAB SBC SCD SAD S S S S ===V V V V 122=⨯=， ABD BCD ADC ABDS S S S ===V V V V 12222=⨯⨯=， 122SBD SAC S S ==⨯=V V ，∴ξ，2，(410P ξ==， ()6210P ξ==，4621010E ξ=⨯=【点睛】本题主要考查离散型随机变量的期望，熟记离散型随机变量的期望的概念即可，属于常考题型． 16．226n n + 【解析】 令，得，所以．当时，．与已知式相减，得，所以，时，适合．所以，所以，∴12231n a a a n +++=+L ．17．{48,51,54,57,60} 【解析】 【分析】甲最终的得分为54分，可得：甲答对了20道题目中的18道，由于甲和乙都解答了所有的试题，甲必然有2道题目答错了，又甲和乙有2道题的选项不同，则乙可能这两道题答对，答错，乙也可能这2道题与甲一样，在甲正确的题目中乙可能有两道答错了，即可得到结论. 【详解】因为20道选择题每题3分,甲最终的得分为54分,所以甲答错了2道题,又因为甲和乙有两道题的选项不同,则他们最少有16道题的答案相同,设剩下的4道题正确答案为AAAA ,甲的答案为BBAA ,因为甲和乙有两道题的选项不同,所以乙可能的答案为BBCC ,BCBA ,CCAA ,CAAA ,AAAA 等,所以乙的所有可能的得分值组成的集合为{48,51,54,57,60},故答案为{48,51,54,57,60}. 【点睛】本题考查了集合的性质、分类讨论方法，考查了推理能力与计算能力，属于基础题.18．6+. 【解析】 【分析】由,A B 的坐标可以将直线l 的方程找到，通过M 点的坐标可以得到N 的坐标，将其纵坐标作差可以得到关于a 的不等式，通过求范围可以将绝对值去掉，由基本不等式可以得到a 的最大值. 【详解】因为()([1,2])af x x x x=-∈，0a >， 所以(1,1),(2,2)2aA aB --，所以直线l 的方程为(1)(1)12ay x a =+-+-，设(,)a M t t t -，所以(,(1)(1)1)2aN t t a +-+-，因为1MN ≤恒成立，所以(1)(1)1()12a a t a t t+-+---≤恒成立，所以23212t t at-+≤， 因为2()32g t t t =-+在[1,2]t ∈时小于等于0恒成立，所以23212t t a t-+-≤，①当1t =或2t =时，01≤显然成立； ②当(1,2)t ∈时，2222323t a t t t t --≤=-++-，所以由基本不等式得6a ≤=，此时t =，所以a的最大值为6+，故答案是：6+. 【点睛】该题考查的是有关根据恒成立求对应参数的取值范围的问题，在解题的过程中，主意对题中条件的转化，应用基本不等式求最值，属于较难题目. 19．（1）证明见解析 （2）2arccos 3【解析】 【分析】（1）推导出AC BC ⊥，1CC BC ⊥，由此能证明BC ⊥平面11ACC A ．（2）以C 为原点，直线CA ，CB ，1CC 为x ，y ，z 轴，建立空间直角坐标系，利用向量法能求出二面角11B CD C --的大小． 【详解】（1）∵底面ABC V 是等腰直角三角形，且AC BC =， ∴AC BC ⊥，∵1CC ⊥平面111A B C ， ∴1CC BC ⊥， ∵1AC CC C =I ， ∴BC ⊥平面11ACC A ．（2）以C 为原点，直线CA ，CB ，1CC 为x ，y ，z 轴，建立空间直角坐标系， 则()0,0,0C ，()2,0,0A ，()0,2,0B ，()10,0,2C ，()10,2,2B ，()2,0,1D ，由（1）得()0,2,0CB =uu r是平面11ACC A 的一个法向量，()10,2,2CB =u u u r ，()2,0,1CD =u u u r， 设平面1B CD 的一个法向量(),,n x y z =r， 则122020n CB y z n CD x z ⎧⋅=+=⎨⋅=+=⎩u u u v v u u u v v ， 取1x =，得()1,2,2n =-r，设二面角11B CD C --的平面角为θ，则42cos 233CB n CB n θ⋅===⨯⋅u u u r r u u ur r ， 由图形知二面角11B CD C --的大小是锐角， ∴二面角11B CD C --的大小为2arccos3．【点睛】本题主要考查线面垂直的证明，以及求二面角的平面角，熟记线面垂直的判定定理，以及空间向量的方法求二面角即可，属于常考题型．20．（1）()2sin 216f x x π⎛⎫=-- ⎪⎝⎭ （2）b =【解析】 【分析】（1）利用两角和与差的余弦公式展开，再由辅助角公式化简，由周期公式求得ω，则()f x 的解析式可求；（2）把()0f B =代入函数解析式，求得B ，展开数量积32BA BC ⋅=uu r uu u r ，求得ac 的值，结合4a c +=，利用余弦定理求得b 的值． 【详解】（1）()cos cos 133x x x f x ππωωω⎛⎫⎛⎫=+++-- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭cos cossin sincos cossin sin13333x x x x x ππππωωωωω=+-++-cos 12sin 16x x x πωωω⎛⎫=+-=+- ⎪⎝⎭．∵2T ππω==，∴2ω=．则()2sin 216f x x π⎛⎫=-- ⎪⎝⎭； （2）由()2sin 2106B f B π⎛⎫=+-= ⎪⎝⎭，得1sin 262B π⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭． ∴2266B k πππ+=+或52266B k πππ+=+，k Z ∈． ∵B 是三角形内角，∴3B π=．而3cos 2BA BC ac B ⋅=⋅=u u u r u u u r ，∴3ac =．又4a c +=，∴()2222162310a c a c ac +=+-=-⨯=． ∴2222cos 7b a c ac B =+-⋅=．则b =【点睛】本题主要考查由三角函数的周期求参数，以及余弦定理解三角形，熟记三角函数的性质，以及余弦定理即可，属于常考题型．21．(1)若是,理由见解析,[1,)+∞;(2)11,28⎡⎤--⎢⎥⎣⎦.【解析】 【分析】（1）化简1()11f x x =-+，从而可得11()3f x -≤≤，即|()|1f x ≤，从而得解； （2）由题意知|()|3g x ≤在[0,2]x ∈上恒成立，从而可得41214242x x x x a ⎛⎫⎛⎫--≤≤- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，再令12x t =，则1,14t ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦，进而可得2242t t a t t --≤≤-在1,14t ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦上恒成立，从而化为最值问题. 【详解】 (1)1()11f x x =-+,则()f x 在11,22⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦上是增函数,故11()22f f x f ⎛⎫⎛⎫-≤≤ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,即11()3f x -≤≤,故|()|1f x ≤,所以()f x 是有界函数.所以,上界M 满足1M ≥,所有上界M 的集合是[1,)+∞. (2)因为函数()g x 在[0,2]x ∈上是以3为上界的有界函数, 故|()|3g x ≤在[0,2]x ∈上恒成立,即3()3g x -≤≤, 所以,31243x x a -≤++⋅≤([0,2]x ∈), 所以41214242xx x x a ⎛⎫⎛⎫--≤≤- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭([0,2]x ∈), 令12x t =,则1,14t ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦, 故2242t t a t t --≤≤-在1,14t ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦上恒成立,所以22max min (4)(2)t t a t t --≤≤-,(1,14t ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦),令2()4h t t t =--,则()h t 在1,14t ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦时是减函数,所以max 11()42h t g ⎛⎫==-⎪⎝⎭; 令2()2p t t t =-,则()h t 在1,14t ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦时是增函数,所以min 11()48p t h ⎛⎫==-⎪⎝⎭. 所以,实数a 的取值范围是11,28⎡⎤--⎢⎥⎣⎦.【点睛】本题考查了函数的化简运算的应用及转化思想的应用，同时考查了恒成立问题与最值问题的应用，属于中档题.22．（1）5k = （2）证明见解析 （3）4【解析】 【分析】（1）联立221344x y y kx ⎧+=⎪⎨⎪=-⎩，得()223424360k x kx +-+=，由此利用韦达定理、根的判别式、向量相等，结合已知条件能求出k ．（2）证明AFP BFO ∠=∠，等价于证明等价于0AF BF k k +=，由此能证明AFP BFO ∠=∠． （3）1212ABF PBF PAFS S S PF x x =-=⋅-V VV 234k =+．令t =，利用基本不等式性质能求出ABF V 面积的最大值． 【详解】（1）联立221344x y y kx ⎧+=⎪⎨⎪=-⎩，得()223424360k x kx +-+=， ∵直线()40y kx k =->与椭圆相交于A 、B 两点，∴()214440k ∆=->，即2k >或2k <-，设()11,A x y ，()22,B x y ，则1222434k x x k +=+，1223634x x k =+， ∵PA AB =u u u r u u u r，∴212x x =，代入上式，解得k =（2）由图形得要证明AFP BFO ∠=∠，等价于证明直线AF 与直线BF 的倾斜角互补， 即等价于0AF BF k k +=，121211AF BF y k x x k y ++++=121233kx kx x x --=+121223x x x x k ⎛⎫+=- ⎪⎝⎭222433423634k k k k ⋅+=-+220k k =-=， ∴AFP BFO ∠=∠． （3）∵2k >或2k <-， ∴1212ABF PBF PAF S S S PF x x =-=⋅-V V V132=⨯234k =+． 令t =，则0t >，2234316k t +=+，∴21818163163ABF t t S t t===≤++V 4=， 当且仅当163t t =，即2163t =，3k =取等号， ∴ABFV 面积的最大值为4． 【点睛】本题主要考查椭圆的简单性质的应用，通常需要联立直线与椭圆方程，根据韦达定理，弦长公式等求解，属于常考题型．23．（Ⅰ）见解析；（Ⅱ）()242n n b+=，；（Ⅲ）a≤1【解析】【详解】（Ⅰ）由已知得， 即， 由2b 1=a 1+a 2=25，得b 1=252， 由a 22=b 1b 2，得b 2=18， ∴{}是以为首项，为公差的等差数列.（Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）知，∴()242n n b +=，因为n b ，1n a +，1n b +成等比数列所以.（Ⅲ）由（Ⅱ）知，原式化为，即f（n）=恒成立，当a–1＞0即a＞1时，不合题意；当a–1=0即a=1时，满足题意；当a–1＜0即a＜1时，f（n）的对称轴为，f（n）单调递减，∴只需f（1）=4a–15＜0，可得a＜，∴a＜1；综上，a≤1.。

宝山区2016学年第二学期期中高三年级英语学科教学质量监测试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A1. A. At a train station. B. At a travel agency.C. At a bus station.D. At an airport.2. A. Receptionist and guest. B. Teacher and student.C. Boss and secretary.D. Husband and wife.3. A. $5 B. $10 C. $15 D. $504. A. Confused. B. Annoyed. C. Embarrassed. D. Bored.5. A. Planning to phone a friend. B. Camping in the countryside.C. Touring in a wonderful city.D. Discussing a weekend plan.6. A. The woman will soon be a superstar. B. Camping in the countryside.C. The woman should find a new partner.D. The woman should not give up.7. A. To a dress-up party. B. To the tailor’s.C. To the theater.D. To a shopping mall.8. A. Youngsters don’t really know what fashion is.B. Styles change more quickly than necessary.C. People should care more about their appearance.D. It’s not sensibl e to go after designer clothing.9. A. He will have an agent serve the woman. B. The woman should buy an apartment.C. He will talk to the woman in a moment.D. The woman should pay the rent first.10. A. Keep working at the restaurant. B. Wash dishes for her in the kitchen.C. Stop delivering flowers every day.D. Leave the present job to work for her.11. A. The location. B. The scenery.C. The seafood.D. The culture.12. A. Attract whales to the closershore. B. Tell people where to see whales.C. Warn people to stay away from shore.D. Go around to gather enough visitors.13. A. It is held every other year in summer.B. It helps Whale Crier to show his talents.C. It guarantees every to find something to enjoy.D. It is one of the best eco-art festivals in South Africa.14. A. Weak bones. B. Loose teeth C. Skin problems. D. Heart diseases.15. A. Having food rich in vitamin.B. Walking midday in the sun with no suncream.C. Taking vitamin D pills every day.D. Wearing darker coloured clothes and sunhats.16. A. To analyze the common causes of lack of vitamin D.B. To encourage people to be exposed to the sun for vitamin D.C. To emphasiz e the importance of vitamin D in one’s healthD. To introduce some different ways to gain vitamin D.17. A. She wants to find a topic for her research.B. She tries to help the man with his paper.C. She hopes to learn how to write a paper.D. She plans to work on a similar topic.18. A. In 1813. B. In 1826. C. In 1839. D. In 1856.19. A. They are mainly grown for the domestic market.B. They were introduced to China from Australia.C. They were the first plant to be planted in England.D. They are kept warm in large plastic houses.20. A. Growth of domestic economy in Australia.B. Export and import of bananas in Australia.C. History of banana cultivation in Australia.D. Role of agriculture in Australian economy.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.Surviving Art TraditionNative American Indians expressed themselves through their artwork, which is carved onto totem（图腾）poles. Many people hold the belief (21) __________all Native American Indian tribes （部落）carve的totem poles, but this is far from the truth . Carving totem poles was a tradition among many tribes , especially those that lived along the Pacific coast(22)____________forest grew. However , those Native American Indians who lived in the south west and the plains , and Indians , but (23)_________(few) trees to carve than Pacific tribes.The height of totem poles can vary considerably . Long ago totem poles (24)___________(find) to stand around 12m tall . Today , Native American Indian artists continue to care trees, but some totem poles are short and are used in homes as decoration .(25)_____________is not surprising that a genuine pole will cost more than $1500 per meter because traditionally carved totem involve a great deal of work , craftsmanship and time to produce.The raising of a totem pole is an important celebration among the India tribe . A hole is dug for the pole to stand in . The pole is carried to the site in a ceremony which other hundreds of people attend. Ropes are used (26)__________(raise) the pole into place. Singing and dancing to drums accompanies the pole raising . Often poles are raised in this way (27)___________the carving begins . Carvers do their jobs then on the site.Many people believe that totem poles are religious symbols , but this idea is false. Instead of (28) __________(act) as religious symbols , carvings represent the tribal nation and convey the tribes’ history . The story of a totem pole is frequently p assed down from generation to generation . Having the story documented this way helps keep this tradition (29) __________(recognize) in our history . These days , many totem poles no longer exist (30)_______ __________ decay and rot. However , there are still some tribes that continue to practice this ancient are form , and these totem poles are still being enjoyed by collections of tribal art.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. acknowledgingB. bottledC. consequencesD. demandingE. financialF. FurtherG. inappropriatelyH. handleI. negative J. neglect K. unresolvedEmotional DebtMany people today live under the weight of debt from loans or credit cards . As harmful as ___31_______ debt is , there is another form of debt that is even more damaging------emotional debt.Dr . James Richards states that emotional de bt occurs ‘when we experience emotional pain that remain ______32___.” If the pain is not dealt with , it will affect us our entire lives. Throughout the years , we have chances for happiness , love and success . But unresolved pain can emerge , causing u s to respond in ways that aren’t reasonable , resulting in destroyed relationships and lost opportunities . Another ___33____result of emotional debt is that our friends and loved ones are affected by it and pay a high price. When we have a tendency to respond _____34____, we often hurt those around us . Unfortunately our unsettled problems sometimes become too much for them to _____35____ causing them to abandon the relationship .People with destructive patterns should check their lives for signs of unresolved pain , for your emotional debt can come from various forms of past unfair , cruel or violent treatment or ____36_____. You may be holding onto painful memories of controlling parents or very_____37_____teachers , also you may not have dealt with the pain of a broken relationship or the death of a loved one. Any negative emotion that you have controlled over the year can come back to cause harm when you least expect it.Recognize your feelings , but don’t focus on them all the time , because ___38______and challenging your pain is difficult , but recognizing it is the first step toward dealing with it . Admit you are angry about the past , and discuss it with someone you trust , or write it down because this will ease some of the danger and hatred you’ve kept _____39____ up for years . Refuse to be a victim and accept responsibility for dealing with your painful past because this puts you in charge and limits the power your emotions have over you .Take specific steps to resolve your emotional debt now rather than deal with the___40_____later .III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ask Siri if she’s a woman. Go ahead; try it. She’ll tell you she’s ______41_____. “Like cacti. And certain species of fish,” she might say. So is Amazon’s Alexa, Microsoft’s Cortana, Samsung’s S Voice, and Google Now. But, man, do they ever sou nd a lot like women. ____42_______, we think of them as ladies too. (In Old Norse, Siri translates to “a beautiful woman who leads you to victory.”) We assign female pronouns to them, and, in turn, they fold feminine turns of phrase into their robotic and occasionally inane answers to our requests.If we prize gender diversity in other areas of daily life, why does our tech soundso_____43______? The biggest reason for the female phone fixation rests in social science. “Research indicates there’s likely to be greater acceptance of female____44_______,” says Karl MacDorman, an associate professor at Indiana University who specializes inhuman-computer interaction. MacDorman and his team played clips of male and female voices to people of both genders, then asked them to identify which they _____45______. The researchers also measured the way participants responded to the voices. In a 2011 paper, they reported that both women and men said female voices came across as warmer._____46______, women even showed a subconscious preference for responding to females; men remained subconsciously neutral.Why the_______47____? Stanford University communications professor Clifford Nass, who coauthored the field’s seminal book,Wired for Speech, wrote that people tend to perceive female voices as helping them solve their problems by themselves, while they view male voices as authority figures who tell them the answers to their problems. We want_____48______ to help us, but we also want to be the boss of it, so we are more likely to opt for a female interface.This tendency suggests that companies will make a better impression on a______49_____group of customers with a woman’s voice. But not just any voice. It has to______50_____a brand’s personality. For help with that, companies often turn to Greg Pal, vice president of marketing, strategy, and business development at Nuance Communications, which licenses its _____51______ of more than 100 voices. Pal insists that some brands choosemale speakers. He turned on his iPho ne and pulled up the Domino’s Pizza app, which has an assistant, Dom. He sounded like my high school English teacher—educated and helpful but not______52_____. That’s about right for a brand attempting to ____53_______ guys ordering pies before the big game.As voice technology improves, though, designers say diversity will too. Many devices already let you _______54____ a voice interface. Homer Simpson can tell you where to take a left on your GPS device. And Siri can become a sir, if you take the time to ___55________. Want to know how to do it? Ask her. She’ll tell you in her uniquely warm, helpful—and female—tone.41. A. robotic B. high-tech C. genderless D. creative42. A. Culturally B. Obviously C. Grammatically D. Undoubtedly43. A. female B. ridiculous C. professional D. reasonable44. A. charm B. researchers C. speech D. participants45. A. accepted B. misunderstood C. studied D. preferred46. A. In practice B. On the contrary C. By this means D. At first47. A. neutrality B. prejudice C. authority D. conscience48. A. interaction B. technology C. personality D. society49. A. more sociable B. more talented C. broader D. wealthier50. A. improve B. develop C. admire D. suit51. A. market B. business C. research D. library52. A. strange B. bossy C. reliable D. unique53. A. appeal to B. look into C. meet with D. run after54. A. build B. tailor C. play D. improve55. A. repeat B. assist C. reprogram D. communicateSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When Frank and I stepped through the post office doors, there was a crowd gathered, gawking at the new fixture on the wall like a chorus of wide-mouthed frogs. I had to get closer, and that was where being a girl that's scrawnier than a wire fence came in handy. Fortunately, Frank, my twin of eleven years, was just the same."Come on." I said, grabbing his hand, and we slid through the cracks between people until we spilled out in front.Finally I got a good look. It was fixed to the plaster next to the postmaster's window, the place of honor usually reserved for the Wanted posters. Beady-eyed Zedekiah Smith, the bank robber, still hung there, but even he had been pushed aside for something more important.A telephone. The first one in town."How's it work?" Noah Crawford called out. Noah's the best fix-it man around, and I could tell he was itching to get his fingers on those shiny knobs."Don't rightly know," answered the postmaster, and he tugged at his goatee as if it might tell him. "I do know the sound of your voice moves along wires strung on poles. It's sort of like the telegraph, only you hear words instead of dots and dashes.""Ah," the crowd murmured, and I felt my own mouth move along.I gazed at that gleaming wood box and something happened inside me. Something — I can only guess — that might be like falling in love. The thought of talking into that box — of making my voice sail through wires in the sky — it took over my brain. I couldn't get it out."Frank," I whispered to my twin. "I have to use that telephone."Five minutes later, Frank towed me up Main Street, toward home. "Liza — " he began, but I cut him off. We two thought so much alike, I had Frank's questions answered before he even asked.56. People crowded in the post office because ___________.A. they were attracted by a new posterB. the postmaster was delivering a speechC. they were curious about the telephoneD. there was a wanted bank robber captured57. Which of the following is Not True according to the passage?A. Many people stared at the new device in open-mouthed amazement.B. The slight-figured twins managed to push to the front of the crowd.C. Even the best fix-it man in the town got no idea about the new device.D. The postmaster didn’t know anything about how the telephone worked.58. By“It took over my brain. I couldn’t get it out.”,we get a clear picture of the girl’s ______.A. eagerness to use the telephoneB. fascination for the wood boxC. puzzlement over the strange soundD. determination to fly in the sky59. What is the passage mainly about?A. The twins’ frustrating experiences in the town.B. A special assembly called in the local post office.C. People’s reaction to the arrival of the first telephone.D. A great celebration of the start of telephone service.（B）Welcome to the LUSH Life!Out values are at the core of everything we do. From morally sourcing each ingredient and piece of packing to creating fresh, innovative cosmetics by hand, you’ll find a world of love and care in every product. Breathe deeply and soak up everything inside this box：we’ve made it just for you!60. From the leaflet, we can get to know all the following facts about LUSH except _____.A. providing financial support to societyB. taking the lead in cosmetics marketingC. testing on humans instead of on animalsD. crafting and packing their products by hand61. In the section Naked!, LUSH claims that they _______.A. advocate recyclable or even no packagingB. sell cosmetics without any wrapping paperC. have invented some recyclable cosmeticsD. have improved ways of transporting products62. What is LUSH’s business philosophy we can find from the leaflet?A. The market image of a company should make way for its beliefs.B. Cosmetics are among the essentials of our lives in modern society.C. Homegrown vegetables and fruit are natural and reliable sources of cosmetics.D. Social responsibilities of a company can go hand in hand with profit making.（C）Since quitting can start feelings such as guilt and shame, we often do everything possible to avoid it. “We’re taught from our earlist days that if you quit something. It means you’re a failure,”says counseling psychologist Will Meek. He, however, suggests we view q uitting differently.Quitting is like deciding to rearrange a room: you’ve grown comfortable with the status, and it can be hard to picture the end result or even see why change is necessary. And yet, there’s the upsetting feeling that you’re no longer e ntirely satisfied with your current circumstances, perhaps even that you’ve stopped making progress. While it’s not out of the question for feeling or regret to surface after a major refit, leaving a position, project or situation can reveal exciting possibilities, making you feel inspired and renewed.Quitting, often happens in situations where we’re unhappy, fearful or have determined we have no other choice, factors that can have opposing effects on our health. Perhaps you find your work unfulfilling, or you’ve jumped into a new relationship before you’re ready —and, as a result, you’re operating under intense pressure.“If stress is enduring and not managed well, it can start to take a toll.”says Meek. According to the American Psychological Association, long-term, ongoing stress can increase the risk for high blood pressure and heart attack, so walking away from whatever is causing it can deliver significant physical and emotional health benefits.“We often see a reduction in the stress hormone cortisol（应激激素皮质醇）, which can lower blood pressure and may even decrease the heart rate,”says Dr Alex Lickerman, a GP and expert on developing mental adaptability.Leaving situations that fail to bring you joy can leave you with sufficient time to explore where your heart is truly leading you. In a study that was published in 1999, then Harvard University professor Hermina Ibarra looked at how bankers tried different roles that required new skill sets—someone who spent a lot of time dealing with computers, for instance, was asked to take on personal interactions. Subjects were especially drawn to acting out a version of their future solves through ‘imitation strategies’—an approach they compared to ‘trying on different clothes,’ Mark Franklin, the president of Career Cyles, suggests a similar approach as a way to figure out what your true desires might be in your post-quitting life and foresee your future self.“Pretend to be a certain kind of person, or go and meet others who are doing what you want to do.”he says,“Try it on, see how it feels and decide if it’s a good fit for you.”It may not feel like it at the time, but just moving on from a situation that’s not quite right can help you get back on track.63. It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that quitting may bring us feelings of being both ____.A. guilty and ashamedB. stupid and enthusiasticC. troubled and hopefulD. inspired and determined64. The phrase“take a toll”（paragraph 3）can be best replaced by“_____”.A. develop mental adaptabilityB. bring about changesC. keep up the pressureD. have a bad effect65. An approach suggested by Mark Franklin similar to ‘trying on different clothes’ is for_______.A. helping people find what truly suits them in careerB. telling capable employees from inadequate onesC. training employees to acquire different working skillsD. providing people with opportunities to have a role play66. It can be concluded from the passage that ______.A. quitting is track that only the timid will choose to followB. personal interaction can be must for reducing emotional pressureC. mental adaptability can be improved by the stress hormone cortisolD. knowing when to stop is wise and may make dreams happenSection CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Exoplanets：The Hunt Is OnToday scientists believe that planets could outnumber the stars. For centuries, scientists and natural philosophers have proposed that stars in the night sky have planetary systems similar to our own solar system. The existence of extrasolar planets, or exoplanets, has long been discussed. ___67___ Although not the first exoplanet discovery, a planet near a sun-like star was discovered by astronomers in 1995. This kicked off an era of exoplanet hunting, with thousands of discoveries and confirmations following in its wake.___68___ However, in 2015 NASA’s Kepler space telesco pe found its first Earth-sized planet in a “habitable”zone. This is the distance form a star where surface temperatures of a planet wouldn’t be too hot or too cold for liquid water. So far, only a small slice of our galaxy, the Milky Way, has been explored. Even so, scientists have confirmed over 3,500 exoplanets, with more being added every day.To detect exoplanets, scientists use data from a variety of sources. Large ground-based telescopes, earth-circling and sun-circling satellites all collect different types of information. Because exoplanets are so far away and very close to stars, it is very difficult to see them directly. ___69___ For example, when an exoplanet moves between its star and us, it causes a small drop in the star’s brightness. Measuring this drop is the transit（凌日）method of discovery. NASA’S Kepler space telescope has discovered many exoplanets this way.As a planet circles a star, it pulls on it and causes it to shake. ___70___ Measuring these slight changes is the radial velocity（径向速度）method of discovering planets. It is one of the most productive methods for finding and confirming exoplanets.These are just two examples of the many methods scientists use in their hunt for exoplanets, hoping for more information and enhanced detail. As time progresses and technology improves, who knows what else we may find!Ⅳ.Summary WritingHopeNothing in my life had prepared me for what I had to do. Choosing my words carefully, and fighting to stay calm, I told my 4-year-old daughter that her grandmother had suffered a stroke（中风），that she was unconscious, and that the doctors said she would probably never wake up. As she moved closer to me, Amelia looked at me, eyes bright, and said,“Maybe Grandma will be okay.”“Maybe she will,”I said, keeping back the tears, But I knew better. I was flying up to Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, from our Florida home in the morning to say good-bye to my mom.The rest of that awful week, I joined my brother and father sitting by my mother’s side in the hospital room. I held her hand and talked to her. I told her that we still needed her. I told her that it wasn’t time to leave yet. I told her how much I loved her. And I told her that her little granddaughter, Amelia, believed that she’d get better. The doctors, with all t heir years of training and experience, offered no hope for recovery. The damage was simply too extensive.Then, a couple of weeks later, an odd thing happened. Mom woke up. She regained consciousness. Persevered through a long and tough recovery, during which she had to learn to walk, read, and write all over again, and eventually returned home to Dad. The only one who wasn’t shocked was Amerlia. The doctors couldn’t explain it. Amelia didn’t need to. Hope came as naturally to her as breathings.So why are we so afraid to hope sometimes? Maybe it’s because over the year, life’s disappointments can turn us to disillusionment（理想破灭）. How many times have you heard someone say:“Hope for the best, expect the worst”?That’s not really hope at all.Hope is being able to look at our world with all of the joy and wonder of a child.V. Translation72.她在舞台上的表现让她成了“网红”。

上海市宝山区、嘉定区2015学年第二学期期中考试九年级英语试卷（满分150分，考试时间100分钟）2016.4（本卷有七大题，共94小题。

试题均采用连续编号。

所有答案务必按照规定在答题纸上完成，做在试卷上不给分。

）Part 1 Listening (第一部分听力)I. Listening Comprehension (听力理解) (共30分)A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片) ( 6分)A B C DE F G H1. ________2. ________3. ________4. ________5. ________6. ________B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你所听到的对话和问题，选择最恰当的答案) (8分)7. A) On his way home. B) In his car. C) At home. D) In his office.8. A) Because she was ill. B) Because she was writing her report.C) Because she was busy. D) Because she didn’t know it.9. A) Maths and physics. B) English and Chinese.C) History and maths. D) Physics and history.10.A) She missed the plane to London. B) She lost her handbag.C) She missed the train to London. D) She lost a big handbag.11. A) The woman only. B) Only Anna and Karl.C) Anna, Karl and the woman. D) Nobody.12. A) A quarter. B) One-fifth. C) One-fourth.D) Four-fifths.13. A) Tuesday morning. B) Friday morning. C) Saturday Morning. D) Sunday morning.14. A) About two weeks. B) About three weeks.C) About four weeks. D) About five weeks.C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容, 符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示) (6分)15. The world championship (锦标赛）was held in Austria in 2007.16. Michael Phelps won 7 gold medals at Beijing Olympics.17. Only his tall and wild body makes his dream come true.18. He succeeded because he put his mind into swimming.19. Phelps trains every day except on Christmas Day.20. From Phelps’ experiences, we know that nothing is impossible.D. Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks (听短文填空，完成下列句子。

2016届上海市长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区高三4月质量调研测试（二模）英语试题第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At home. B. In his office.C. At school.D. In the meeting room.2. A. Boss and secretary. B. Brother and sister.C. Teacher and student.D. Customer and shop assistant.3. A. The man needs to be up all night. B. It’s wise of the man to study English.C. The man should get some sleep.D. It’s easy for the man to stay up late.4. A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Six.5. A. She used to be healthier. B. Jogging does do good to her.C. She didn’t like exercise before.D. Jogging is never part of her life.6. A. The woman is willing to teach the man to use the machine.B. The man doesn’t want to be bothered by the woman.C. The clerk should have made more copies.D. The clerk won’t come back to make any copies.7. A. He likes to eat Italian food. B. He wishes to pay the bill.C. He wants to be treated there.D. He intends to prepare lunch.8. A. She is studying French in Canada. B. She stayed in Canada for two weeks.C. She is planning to return to Canada.D. She spent the Spring Festival in Canada.9. A. He prefers yellow to brown. B. He doesn’t like either of the colours.C. He chooses both yellow and brown.D. He doesn’t care much about colo ur.10. A. His wife often complains about everything.B. He didn’t want to cut his wife’s long hair.C. His wife didn’t take his sensible advice.D. He really likes his wife’s new hairstyle.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passage. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They wanted him to support the family by selling books.B. They thought him unable to earn enough money as a painter.C. They expected him to take over their business as a bookseller.D. They found him unfit to be a painter due to his personality.12. A. Morse got the inspiration from electricity.B. People were generous to Morse for his paintings.C. Longer codes were used for common letters in telegraph.D. Messages often failed to reach their destinations in the 1800s.13. A. A way of conveying messages. B. The main functions of telegraph.C. A brief introduction of Morse.D. The symbols of Morse code.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Endurance. B. Exhausted. C. Survivor. D. That’ll teach ’em.15. A. It aims at making money. B. It gets adults involved.C. It is unpleasant.D. It is educational.16. A. They are extremely dangerous. B. They are over commercial.C. They are entirely fictional.D. They are quite popular.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)About dancing bearsYoung bears are captured in the wild, separated from their mothers, and taught by a trainer to become dancing bears in conditions of unimaginable cruelty.The young animals are forced on to sheets of really hot metal and, (25) ______ (escape) the pain, the bears alternate lifting up one paw (爪子) and then another while music is played. The process is repeated again and again (26) ______ the animals automatically begin to raise their paws – to ―dance‖– in fear of the pain, even when there are no metal sheets.As the bears get older, the trainers keep them under control by imposing pain. They do this by putting rings through the bears’ highly sensitive noses and jaws. The pitiful truth is (27) ______ they are not put to sleep for this painful process. Chains (28) ______ (attach) to the rings so the trainers can control the animals, (29) ______ weigh up to 350 kilograms, with only a slight pull on the chains.The bears’ nails are cut several times a year and their teeth broken or removed in order that they cannot get their trainers (30) ______ (injure). The bears also suffer with an inadequate diet usually (31) ______ (consist) of white bread, sugar and cheap fruit juices. All these cause the bears serious physical health problems (32) ______ ______ many of them display strange behavior such as swaying (摇摆) and pacing as they cannot follow natural behavioral patterns and instincts.(B)The Power of GoodIt w as Mother’s Day morning last year and I was shopping at our local supermarket with my five-year-old son, Tenyson. As we were leaving, we realised that only minutes (33) ______ (early) an elderly woman had fallen and hurt (34) ______ badly. She was embarrassed and clearly in shock. Fortunately, her husband was with her and many people had stopped to help out. Walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very upset about (35) ______ had happened to the elderly couple. He said to me, ―(36) ______ (fall) over in front of everyone isn’t much fun.‖Near the entrance of the supermarket, a charity group had set up a stall selling flowers. Tenyson suggested that we should buy the lady a flower. ―It will make her feel better,‖ he said. I was amazed that he would have this sweet idea, so I asked the flower seller if I (37) _____ buy a flower for the elderly lady because my son wanted to give it to her to cheer her up. ―Just take it,‖ she replied. ―I can’t take your money for such wonderful gesture.‖By then a nurse (38) ______ (arrive), and was attending to the woman. As we walked up to her, Tenyson became frightened by all the blood and medical equipment. Instead I gave (39) ______ flower to the woman’s husband. The old man thanked us both, then bent down and gave it to his wife, telling her who it was (40) ______. Despite being badly hurt and shaken, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Ecotours are unique adventures that join nature and sightseeing into one exciting package. Learning about the environment and the world around us is the 41 of an ecotour because you get to experience the natural world firsthand. A great way for students studying biology and environmental sciences to experience 42 life and nature is to take your own ecotour! Orlando airboat rides can give you an experience to remember and can be a fun and 43 way to learn more about the Florida environment.Ecotours involve travelling to a natural environment where you are guided by a(n) 44helping you learn about the surrounding environment and extend your environmental education. This can include learning how the plants and animals on your Orlando airboat rides 45 from each other, or you can be simply becoming more aware of preservation efforts towards the Everglades, the largest wetland in North America.Orlando airboat rides can help you learn about Florida history, observe alligators (短吻鳄) and other wildlife, and experience the 46 nature of the muddy wilderness. Taking an ecotour can help you become more aware of your environment and further instruct you on the impact we have on the environment. Our goal is to help you understand the Everglades and how important it is to 47 the wetland.Wild Florida provides the perfect opportunity for a school trip that satisfies those 48 with learning more about environmental sciences, or to those just curious about the Everglades. Hands-on and active learning on an airboat ride is often a more exciting and adventurous 49 to sitting in a classroom, so why not plan your ecotrip with Wild Florida?Wild Florida is reputable for 50 in creating an exciting and unique ecotour that’s fun for everyone in your family! You will be flying through the muddy Everglades in our airboat rides while observing and learning about alligators, bald birds, the history of the Everglades, and so much more. Book your Orlando airboat rides today by calling us at 407-901-2563 to experience a one-of-a-kind ec otour that you won’t soon forget.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Over the last 15 years, digital communication has brought in more changes than the printing press did in 1570. And those most likely to use them in this world are teenagers, whose brains appear to have an extraordinary volume to adapt to the world around them, according to Dr Jay Giedd, a(n) 51brain expert.We are now discovering that, as a species, our brains during the teenage years are still flexible and capable of 52 . Having a more flexible brain, 53 , means that certain parts of it, such as desire control and the ability to make long-term decisions, haven’t developed yet, which may also explain why we spend a(n) 54 period living under the protection of our parents rather than leaving home at the age of 12 or 13. This also means that the teenage brain can adapt to new technology, enabling teenagers to 55 the increasing pace of digital technology and giving them an advantage when it comes to multitasking.In the USA, on average teenagers spend 8.5 hours a day using computers, mobiles, and other devices to learn,i n t e r a c t,a n d p l a y.T h i s i n c r e a s e s t o11.5h o u r s i f y o u i n c l u d e a l l o f t h e56 that goes on, such as talking on the phone while watching TV. As they stare at these screens, they’re taking in and sorting through an incredible amount of information.There are 57 about how social media is affecting the way the brain learns to 58 , as one of the most important skills that we learn as children is how to make friends and interact with people around us. Geidd says that a lot of what goes on inside our brains is social. Social interactions are now being 59 by technology – you could have hundreds of friends, all of whom are real people that you interact with and scientists aren’t sure whether we’ll be able to develop the same 60 using social media.There is a(n) 61 of the growing digital trend: YouTube shows the teenagers all over the world are watching the same videos and laughing at the same jokes, indicating that they are more62 than teenagers in the past. They may be keen on 63 their friends and posting updates on social media sites, but teenagers today are probably going to have access to technology and 64social and educational opportunities that anyone with a less flexible brain may have trouble imagining. Nevertheless, there is a cut-off point, and by the age of 30, our brains in their ways, making it more65 for us to adapt and cope with new technologies.51. A. digital B. adolescent C. surgical D. artificial52. A. functioning B. noticing C. adjusting D. deciding53. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead54. A. natural B. glorious C. limited D. extended55. A. keep up with B. come up with C. put up with D. end up with56. A. gossiping B. multitasking C. interacting D. playing57. A. reports B. curiosities C. concerns D. talks58. A. memorize B. sort C. imagine D. socialize59. A. changed B. controlled C. troubled D. interrupted60. A. trends B. attitudes C. societies D. skills61. A. advantage B. distraction C. indication D. history62. A. absent-minded B. global-minded C. quick-minded D. serious-minded63. A. accessing B. texting C. discovering D. watching64. A. on the whole B. as a result C. in other words D. by all means65. A. flexible B. important C. difficult D. incredibleSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Sebastian Faulks has written many novels, including Devil May Care, the latest James Bond book. This cutting comes from a very different kind of novel called Charlotte Gray. The setting is a transit(中转) camp near Paris during the Second World War, where a group of people, including two small children, Andre and Jacob, await transport to take them to a concentration camp outside France. Although these people – the ‘deportees’ of the cutting – are not fully aware of this, they face certain death.The Last NightAndre was lying on the floor when a man came with postcards on which the deportees might write a final message. He advised them to leave them at the station or throw them from the train as camp orders forbade access to the post. Two or three pencils that had survived the camps search were passed round among the people in the room. Some wrote with weeping passion, some with great care, as though their safety, or at least the way in which they were remembered, depended upon their choice of words.A woman came with a sandwich for each child to take on the journey. She also had a bucket of water, round which they gathered, holding out food cans they passed from one to another. One of the older boys hugged her in his gratitude, but the bucket was soon empty. When she was gone, there were only the small hours of the night to go through. Andre was lying on the straw, and Jacob leaned close to him for warmth.Five buses had come in through the main entrance, and now stood trembling in the corner of the yard. At a long table … the commandant of the camp himself sat with a list of names that another policeman was calling out in alphabetical order. Andre heard his name and moved with Jacob towards the bus. From the other side of the courtyard, from windows open on the dawn, a shower of food was thrown towards them by women crying and calling out their names.Andre looked up, and in a chance angle of light he saw a woman’s face in which the eyes were fixed with terrible fierceness on a child beside him. Why did she stare as though she hated him? Then it came to Andre that she was not looking in hatred, but had kept her eyes so intensely open in order to fix the picture of her child in her mind. She was looking to reme mber, for ever. …66. What can we learn from the first part of the passage?A. The background and the situation of World War II.B. The transit camp and the transportation in Paris.C. The author, the setting and the main characters.D. The main idea and the names on the list.67. Which of the following is true about the things going on in the transit camp?A. The deportees were eager to leave their final messages.B. A humble breakfast was served to children late that morning.C. Andre happened to witness the deportees’ routine camp life.D. The camp commandant stood by a long table calling the roll.68. The woman stared at her child fiercely probably because ______.A. she found her child was trembling and crying for foodB. she thought she would never see her child any moreC. she was filled with an attempt to escape from deathD. she was driven mad by the life in the transit camp69. The author told the story in a(n) ______ tone.A. casualB. desperateC. hatredD. innocent(B)What we doEFP Courses provide courses in English language and British culture. Ourcourses are aimed at students aged between 12 and 17 who are at pre-intermediatelevel or above in English. The courses are held in Guildford, a historic town nearLondon.Typical structure of a one-week courseup to 25 hours of English run by native speakers, qualified in teaching English as a foreign language and specialist drama teachers2 full-day sightseeing trips to London and Oxford (at weekends)full board (全食宿) with local, English-speaking familiesWhen we run the coursesEFP courses can be organized only during British state school terms. For this academic year, courses can be booked between now and 23 May and between 30 May and 30 June. We welcome you to book from 3 September 2016 to 25 October 2016 and from 31 October to 20 December 2016.Why choose EFP coursesin addition to our standard English classes, we also run drama and expression English classes, taught by specialist drama teacherswe expose our students to British culture for the entire length of the coursewe tailor courses to each group’s needs, creating a unique experience for our students. Note that any changes to our courses are made within reason and only if all participants from a group share the same language level.Please see further details on our website.Length of a courseEFP courses run for either one or two weeks depending on the specific requirements for your group.How to applyPlease register your interest by sending an email to info@. By contacting us before you make any travel arrangements you ensure that we can put your group up on the dates that you require. For more details, please visit .See you in Guildford soon!70. What does the leaflet tell us about EFP courses?A.Their target students are teenagers of all English levels.B. They are available on the school campuses in London and Oxford.C. Every individual participant is supplied with tailored language support.D. They involve students in British culture activities during the whole course.71. Suppose you are to take EFP courses this academic year, you can ______.A. hand in an application by visiting their websiteB. enjoy a special series of lessons for a whole school termC. experience English dramas with English-speaking familiesD. make a reservation from October 31 to December 2072. The purpose of this writing is to ______.A. attract qualified teachers to EFP coursesB. demonstrate the popularity of EFP coursesC. offer group students access to EFP coursesD. illustrate the importance of EFP courses(C)Lindsay Renwick, the mayor of Deniliquin, a country town in New South Wales, misses the constant whir (嗡嗡声) of the rice mill whose giant fans dried the rice. The Deniliquin mill, the largest rice mill in the Southern Hemisphere (南半球), once processed enough grain to meet the needs of 20 million people globally. But six years of drought have had a destructive effect, reducing Australia’s ri ce crop by 98 percent and leading to the mothballing of the mill last December.Drought affects every agriculture industry based in Australia, not just rice –from sheep farming, the country’s other backbone, to the cultivation of grapes for wine, the fas test-growing crop there, with that expansion often coming at the expense of rice. The drought’s effect on rice has produced the greatest impact on the rest of the world, so far. It is one factor contributing to skyrocketing prices, and many scientists believe it is among the earliest signs that a warming planet is starting to affect food production.Researchers are looking for solutions to global rice shortages – for example, rice that blooms earlier in the day, when it is cooler, to fight against global warming. Rice plants that happen to bloom on hot days are less likely to produce grains of rice, a difficulty that is already starting to emerge in inland areas of China and other Asian countries as temperatures begin to climb. ―There will be problems very soon unless we have new varieties of rice in place,‖ said Reiner Wassmann, climate change director at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The recent reports on climate change carried a warning that could make the news even worse: that existing models for the effects of climate change on agriculture did not yet include newer findings that global warming could reduce rainfall and make it more variable.Yet the effects of climate change are not uniformly bad for rice. Rising concentrations(浓度) of carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, can actually help rice – although the effect reduces or disappears if the plants face unnecessary heat, inadequate water, severe pollution or other stresses. Still, the flexibility of farmers here has persuaded some climate experts that, particularly in developed countries, the effects of climate change may be relieved, if not completely avoided. ―I’m not as negative as most people,‖ said Will Steffen, director of the Fenner School of Environment and Society at Aus tralian National University. ―Farmers are learning how to do things differently.‖Meanwhile, changes like the use of water to grow wine grapes instead of rice carry their own costs, as the developing world is discovering. ―Rice is an essential food,‖ said Graeme Haley, the general manager of the town of Deniliquin. ―Wine is not.‖73. By ―the mothballing of the mill‖ (in Paragraph 1) the author most probably means the mill is ______.A. kept unprocessedB. left unusedC. being entirely restoredD. being pushed round74. To find the ways to cope with the global rice shortage, researchers are ______.A. seeking new types of rice which could bloom at a lower temperatureB. building greenhouses which could provide more heat for rice to growC. studying climate changes in China which may affect rice growing in AsiaD. looking for alternative agriculture industries which may take the place of rice75. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Rice plants are fond of higher temperature in the process of growing.B. Global warming has shown few signs of influence on agriculture.C. Rice prices are rising steadily owing to the crop failure in Australia.D. Global warming may contribute to more complicated weather conditions.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. Australia is the largest rice producing country around the worldB. most people look on the bright side of the flexibility of farmersC. climate changes have simply brought negati ve effects to people’s livesD. wine grape cultivation has threatened the rice production in Australia77. Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage?A. Rice shortage and wine boomB. Drought, the enemy of rice productionC. Rice crisis and its solutionD. Rice issue, a focus of the public attentionSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.What colour is it today? What shape is that smell? What does that pain sound like? These questions might seem like nonsense, but four people in 100 might think they make perfect sense. That four percent have synesthesia, and they naturally experience certain senses together. One form of this is pairing numbers or letters with a fixed colour –a blue ―1‖ or a red ―D.‖ Other synesthetes, people with synesthesia, may think the word ―hurricane‖ tastes salty. Yet others with ―mirror-touch synesthesia‖ see someone hit on the head and also feel the hit themselves.Synesthesia is not completely understood though it is in our genes. The white matter (脑白质) of synesthetes is organized differently from that of people without synesthesia, which may account for the differences in perception (感知). Synesthesia i s widely accepted and researched today, but that hasn’t always been true. Though it caught scientific interest in the late 1800s, it was later rejected as a self-created way of thinking. But as people have become more fascinated by the differences in individual perception, a focus on synesthesia has been renewed. At the present time, scientists in various fields are examining the phenomenon.As scientists continue to study synesthesia, certain advantages have been noticed. Studies show that the sensation connections that synesthetes experience aid them in abilities related to memory. Researchers believethat this advantage may help stop the loss of cognitive (认知) function in the elderly. This aspect of synesthesia could even help patients recover from brain injuries. Synesthetes also tend to be artists, singers Pharrell Williams and Lady Gaga being some famous examples. Most likely, synesthesia doesn’t give artistic sensitivity, but it’s understandable that seeing colours in music, for instance, could inspire art.Strong drugs and increasing blindness have been known to cause synesthesia, but these are not good options for obvious reasons. One recent emphasis of the study of synesthesia is to determine whether non-synesthetes can acquire it. For now, the University of East London is training adults to establish letter-colour connections for memory improvement to some effect. It may not be long before words taste like our favourite foods and our favourite songs look like fireworks.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. According to the passage synesthetes are those __________________.79. Why do synesthetes have sensation connections while the others don’t?80. What groups of people might profit from synesthesia according to the third paragraph?81. Scientists are training adults to establish letter-colour connections to prove the possibility that__________________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 自上周起，孩子们就兴奋地聊着出游的打算了。

2023-2024学年上海嘉定区高三年级第二次质量调研英语试卷(满分140分考试时间120分钟)I.Listening Comprehension(25分)Section A(10分)Directions:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.Pepper. B.Salt. C.Water. D.Flavour.2. A.The couple has overslept. B.The flight was overbooked.C.There was severe weather.D.A mechanical issue occurred.3. A.$155. B.$135. C.$165. D.$145.4. A.He was out of money. B.He misplaced his wallet.C.He paid bills late.D.He felt stressed at work.5. A.Making detailed weekend plan. B.Whether to have dinner together.C.Reasons for being in a rush.D.Timing of dinner around a film.6. A.He failed the test. B.He missed the test.C.He got a decent grade.D.He earned the credit.7. A.Typing his presentation. B.Overcoming anxiety.C.Attending job interviews.D.Critiquing his speech.8. A.The man cooks Indian food frequently.B.The man dislikes the recommended food.C.The woman seems to enjoy complex flavour.D.The woman tried Indian meals two weeks ago.9. A.Get a new computer. B.Close browser windows.C.Add more freezing ice.D.Purchase memory sticks.10.A.Guests prefer beer to wine.B.She couldn’t decide on the drinks.C.Having varied drink options is safer.D.Big groups require large quantities of drinks.Section B(15分)Directions:In Section B,you will hear two passages and one longer conversation.After each passage or conversation,you will be asked several questions.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11.A.It showed up in a knowledge fair. B.It was designed by a group of students.C.It was made of recycled materials.D.It could work without the power source.12.A.Speak and introduce itself. B.Move around in a large area.C.Detect and avoid obstacles.D.Respond to voice commands.13.A.He is the host of the knowledge fair. B.He earns a lot of money as the prize.C.He uses electronics kit to build Larry.D.He understands the workings of robots. Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.They try to discover the full picture of life in the universe.B.They start to emerge due to environmental problems.C.They focus only on rare or endangered species.D.They are interested in the gray sidewalk.15.A.As an academic subject that few are interested in.B.As an enjoyable lifestyle choice for young people.C.As a profitable career pursued by university students.D.As a growing environmental movement across society.16.A.Visit more natural history museums. B.Make changes towards a greener lifestyle.C.Pursue a career as a professional.D.Contribute to understanding the life puzzle. Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.The man’s failure in final exams. B.The man’s career prospects.C.The woman’s new employment.D.The woman’s personal story.18.A.He had too few interviews because of heavy coursework.B.He rejected the company because he disliked the boss.C.He had waited for a month before receiving the offer.D.He was rejected by the company and felt depressed.19.A.The man should read the job ads carefully.B.The man should ask his senior friends for help.C.The man should try to sell the products himself.D.The man should explore the employer’s business fully.20.A.Memorizing financial knowledge. B.Solving a business challenge.C.Presenting his personal qualities.D.Arriving early at the interview.II.Grammar and VocabularySection A(10分)Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.The Day I SurvivedIt had been raining buckets that week,and authorities had issued a flood warning,though not for where I was.Still,I had placed sandbags on the floor outside my garden door just in case.As I was drifting off to sleep,I suddenly heard the sound of rushing water,(21)_______ _______I were lying beside a waterfall instead of in my bedroom.When I(22)_______(swing)my legs off the bed,I was shocked by the sensation of cold water lapping against my knees and rising fast.(23)_______(feel)my way in the darkness,I grabbed my phone and turned on the flashlight. As I stepped out of my bedroom,water was shooting through the gaps of the garden door.The water (24)_______have gone over the sandbags,I thought.All around me,my things began to float: chairs,bookshelves,and pieces of my drum set.I heard the garden door starting to break down(25)_______the pressure of the flood,and thewater was now up to my waist.I began to panic.In bare feet and with my shorts(26)_______(glue) to my body,I started to walk to my only escape:the door that leads upstairs.I struggled to the door and tried to pull it open,but the force of the water wouldn’t let me do so.I looked around and grabbed a broom(27)_______was floating behind ing it to pry(撬) open the door,I managed to make a gap of about a foot,just wide enough(28)_______(force) myself through.Finally,I made it outside.If I had woken up just a few minutes later,I would have drowned.The entire neighborhood was destroyed by the flood.Later,we(29)_______(assure)that something like this happens only once every100years.I hope so.It pains me to see(30)_______was once a lovely,cozy street now turns into a waterscape. Section B(10分)Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one more word than you need.A.conserveB.wrinklyC.stationaryD.exceptionalE.odditiesF.nursingG.timelyH.soundingI.generalizepriseK.rulesThe Curious World of BatsNot all bats are unbelievably adorable,like the one below.Many of them have___31___faces and large ears that help them“see”in the dark,using echo location(回声定位).But all bats are, without a doubt,___32___creatures.Scientists are typically reluctant to___33___about bats becausethey make up such a large and diverse group of winged animals.Withnearly1,500species,bats___34___about one-fifth of all mammal(哺乳动物)species on Earth.But one thing that can be said about them as a group is that they are,in not-so-scientific terms,very odd.“They break all the___35___,”said Cori Lausen,a bat expert at the environmental group Wildlife Conservation Society Canada.Being able to fly is just one of their___36___,since mammals rarely fly.Apart from that,bats can also push their heart rate to extreme highs and lows—as slow as one beat per minute.Many bat species can go into a period of deep sleep,known as“torpor”,for a few hours a day or even for weeks to___37___energy when it’s cold or food is unavailable.And while most small mammals have short lives and lots of babies,some bats can live for two decades or more and typically have just one baby per year.For how much energy they need,it’s also surprising that many bat species,including most of those in the US,rely on insects alone for food.They have to eat ridiculous quantities of them.A mom that is___38___a baby can catch more than4,000insects in one night.Oddly,although bats can fly,they can’t easily take off from a(n)___39___position,like mostbirds and insects do.That’s one reason why they hang upside down—bats have to gain the momentum they need by falling.“For them,it’s not upside down,”Frick said.“It’s flight-side ready!”While bats remain highly understudied relative to birds and other mammals,scientists are ___40___the alarm.In North America,more than half of all bat species are at risk of severe population decline.Climate change,they say,threatens to only speed up their extinction.III.Reading Comprehension(45分)Section A(15分)Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Picture this:you’re out to dinner with a friend who you know makes a lot more money than you do.When you open the___41___,your heart sinks.There’s not a dish in sight that is less than$35, and even a soup is going to run you$18.You probably vow(发誓)to___42___dollar pizza slices the rest of the month to balance out this dinner.___43___,this time,what if you just turned to your friend,closed the menu,and said,“Sorry,I have to be honest.I can’t afford this.Let’s go somewhere else?”That’s the idea behind“loud budgeting”,a trend that could not only relieve you of the___44___ burden,but help you deal with these sorts of stressful situations both mentally and emotionally.In an age when everybody is showing off nice things on social media and___45___to be something they’re not,it feels somewhat revolutionary to just tell the truth about what you can’t afford.The term was first introduced by TikTok(抖音)comedian Lukas Battle.Battle explained his concept in an interview:simply put,loud budgeting is being___46___about what you do and don’t want to spend money on.Since his video,the concept has caught on rapidly among the___47___, who are pointing out that it has come at a significant time when everything is uncontrollably expensive.It’s not just a TikTok thing though.Even those in the financial services industry are on board with the___48___.Nikolina Cuca,a financial advisor,says that she’s seen social media add pressure to her clients,causing them to spend___49___on luxury items.“There should be no shame about trying to match your spending to your means.This trend helps young people moderate spending by ___50___the idea of living within budgets.”Beyond just saving money,loud budgeting is also bringing people closer.Honest money talks lead to greater respect among friends and family.By___51___discussing money goals,people are creating stronger bonds based on mutual understanding for each other’s financial situations.And perhaps the most valuable part of the loud budgeting trend is that it provides a sense of___52___. For example,if you tell a friend you are trying to cut back spending on drinks out,you are much___53___to stick with the goal than if you just keep it to yourself.With its focus on being open,spending wisely,and building___54___,loud budgeting is more than just a passing trend,but a cool way for the younger generation to___55___their finances.As more people adopt this approach,it is likely to stay a big part of how we handle money in the future.41.A.door B.menu C.bill D.wallet42.A.appeal to B.lead to C.stick to D.object to43.A.Otherwise B.Meanwhile C.Therefore D.However44.A.financial B.cultural C.physical D.economical45.A.refusing B.pretending C.agreeing D.guaranteeing46.A.worried B.angry C.honest D.excited47.A.male B.female C.young D.old48.A.tradition B.truth C.treasure D.trend49.A.below their standards B.beyond their meansC.towards their goalsD.despite their differences50.A.normalizing B.criticizing C.memorizing D.visualizing51.A.endlessly B.intelligently C.openly D.formally52.A.belonging B.accountability C.flexibility D.rigidity53.A.less motivated B.less equipped C.more hesitant D.more likely54.A.connections B.business C.habitats D.reputation55.A.lose faith in B.take charge of C.do away with D.make up for Section B(22分)Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)What makes a certain piece of writing great?Well,it depends on whom you ask.There are,in my mind,three different readers:casual readers,lit critics,&creative writers.They would say the following about Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre:Casual reader:Jane’s story is very relatable,especially to women who survived their teenage years.The story’s elements of romance,mystery,and coming-of-age make it enjoyable to read.Literary critic:Jane Eyre pulls inspiration from the Gothic and romantic literary traditions.The atmospheric setting mirrors Jane’s inner world and serves as a character itself.Creative writer:Jane has an appealing character and her pursuit of a fulfilling life is timeless. While Jane’s emotions are often verbose(冗长的),each word still feels necessary in most passages.All of these responses are reasonable interpretations of the great literary work Jane Eyre.What’s the difference between these three?The casual reader is primarily interested in the story’s relatability and entertainment value;the literary critic,who knows how to read literature like a professor,looks for ways to situate this work in its broader literary context.The creative writer must do both:the job of the casual reader and the job of the critic.He/she engages with the work on a personal level while also researching what makes a work successful. This is Reading Like a Writer(RLW),which means being impacted by a piece of literature while investigating how the writer did it.Successful works of writing succeed for different reasons―a distinctive voice,moving storytelling,an empowering message,etc.Writers don’t make the achievement randomly:they earn it by crafting every plot point and character,every line break,with care and precision.It’s up to you to pay attention to these craft elements,the choices the writer makes and how they contribute to the work as a whole.Yes,reading like a writer is extra work.But it’s necessary work to the writing practice.By observing the strategies writers employ to tell convincing stories or write engaging arguments,you equip yourself with the knowledge to perform these strategies yourself.56.The author cites three reader responses to Jane Eyre___________.A.to argue that the novel is poorly writtenB.to explain different reading perspectivesC.to prove how detailed literary analysis can beD.to show the misinterpretation by creative writers57.According to the passage,which of the following most probably demonstrates RLW?A.Discussing fascinating plots and characters in a novel.B.Examining the literary sources a Greek classic draws on.C.Analyzing why a short story is popular and how it is structured.D.Summarizing the main events of a short story for a class assignment.58.What does the underlined pronoun“it”refer to?A.Care and precision in writingB.Recognition of works as successC.Investigation of writing styleD.Character analysis through words59.The author suggests RLW is“necessary work”(para.7)because readers can___________.A.write lengthy novels like Jane EyreB.gain knowledge in employmentC.become professional literary criticD.improve their own writing craft(B)Workplace injuries still happen.In a statistical report produced by Safe Work Australia,therewere a total of104,770personal injury claims for a work-related incident last year alone.The most typical type is related to repetitive body movements,followed by unexpected falls and contact with moving equipment.Prioritizing health and safety is essential in creating a positive and productive working environment.References:Figures in the above info chart based on data from .au60.According to the info chart,workplace injuries may lead to_________.A.long leave of absence at workB.tax avoidance for companiesC.nationwide salary reductionD.increased mental alertness61.Which group of percentages best fits the blanks numbered①,②and③?A.①17%;②24%;③38%B.①26%;②43%;③18%C.①78%;②23%;③9%D.①39%;②25%;③17%62.To ensure safety in the workplace,it is suggested that one should___________.A.make themselves clean before workingB.wear safety equipment when necessaryC.stretch arms and legs before lifting objectsD.receive proper training on taking breaks(C)Imagine this.You need an image of a balloon for a work presentation and turn to an AI text-to-image generator,like Midjourney or DALL-E,to create a suitable image.You enter the prompt(提示词)“red balloon against a blue sky”but the generator returns an image of an egg instead.What’s going on?The generator you’re using may have been“poisoned”.What does this mean? Text-to-image generators work by being trained on large datasets that include millions or billions of images.Some of the generators have been trained by indiscriminately scraping online images,many of which may be under copyright.This has led to many copyright infringement(侵害)cases where artists have accused big tech companies of stealing and profiting from their work.This is also where the idea of“poison”comes in.Researchers who want to empower individual artists have recently created a tool named“Nightshade”to fight back against unauthorised image scraping.The tool works by slightly altering an image’s pixels(像素)in a way that confuses the computer vision system but leaves the image unaltered to a human’s eyes.If an organization then scrapes one of these images to train a future AI model,its data pool becomes“poisoned”.This can result in mistaken learning,which makes the generator return unintended results.As in our earlier example,a balloon might become an egg.The higher the number of“poisoned”images in the training data,the greater the impact. Because of how generative AI works,the damage from“poisoned”images also affects related prompt keywords.For example,if a“poisoned”image of a Picasso work is used in training data, prompt results for masterpieces from other artists can also be affected.Possibly,tools like Nightshade can be abused by some users to intentionally upload“poisoned”images in order to confuse AI generators.But the Nightshade’s developer hopes the tool will make big tech companies more respectful of copyright.It does challenge a common belief among computer scientists that data found online can be used for any purpose they see fit.Human rights activists,for example,have been concerned for some time about the indiscriminate use of machine vision in wider society.This concern is particularly serious concerning facial recognition.There is a clear connection between facial recognition cases and data poisoning, as both relate to larger questions around technological governance.It may be better to see data poisoning as an innovative solution to the denial of some fundamental human rights.63.The underlined word“scraping”(para.2)is closest in meaning to_________.A.facilitatingB.collectingC.damagingD.polishing64.According to the passage,adding poisoned data might_________.A.increase the accuracy of returned informationB.cause users to forget the prompt key wordsC.interfere with the training of generative AID.discriminate against great masterpieces65.What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?A.Data poisoning is somehow justified to direct attention to human rights.puter scientists has learned to respect the copyright of most artists.C.Nightshade is being abused by human rights activists to recognize faces.D.The issue of technological governance has aroused the lawyers’interest.66.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A.Data Poisoning:Government Empowering Citizens to Protect ThemselvesB.Data Poisoning:Addressing Facial Recognition Issues Among ArtistsC.Data Poisoning:Risks and Rewards of Generative AI Data TrainingD.Data Poisoning:Restricting Innovation or Empowering ArtistsSection C(8分)Directions:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.They highly recognized the effectiveness of TCM,especially its use in pain treatment.B.Even when drinking herbal milk tea,it’s best to make choices accordingly.C.Being extensive and far-reaching,TCM is deeply connected with Chinese philosophy.D.Overseas students of TCM,like Phan,are not rare.E.This led her to major in TCM at a traditional medical school in China.F.Many other Chinese medicine institutions have adopted similar strategic initiatives.Global Rise of TCMPhan Thi Kim Chi’s connection with Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)began at an early age. Growing up in a small village in Vietnam,it was inconvenient for Phan to travel to hospitals in neighboring cities.Whenever she caught a cold or experienced a headache as a child,her family would seek the help of a local TCM practitioner.___________67___________According to Phan, even though TCM has long been commonly practiced and accepted in Vietnam,finding a good school to learn TCM in Vietnam is not easy.As a foreign student,Phan finds the TCM basic theory course to be the most challenging one inthe curriculum.___________68___________It requires years of learning and practice to truly understand the concepts of yin and yang,harmony between human and nature,and the five elements of wood,fire,earth,metal,and water.Sometimes she even translates the TCM vocabulary and scripts into Vietnamese so she can remember and comprehend them better.___________69___________According to a report,the total number of international students studying TCM in China was8,187last year,with the largest population of6,441coming from Asian countries,followed by832from Africa and432from Europe.Also,many Chinese medical universities had projects that sent professors overseas to teach TCM.The booming situation of TCM is not limited to schools and clinics.It has also become a lifestyle choice for many young people.There is a trend among young people to place more emphasis on health conditioning and preservation.However,experts remind that TCM emphasizes the importance of diagnosing and treating based on identifying syndromes(症状).It is impossible to offer a one-size-fits-all approach to all patients.___________70__________IV.Summary writing(10分)Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.71.England Prohibits Phones in Schools,But Will It Help?Recently,England’s Department of Education has confirmed plans to ban the use of mobile phones in English schools during the school day,including break times.The guidance offers schools a variety of ways to implement(实施)the ban,ranging from an order to leave all phones at home,to handing them in on arrival or keeping them in inaccessible lockers.England’s response to the growing frustration with students’cellphone use during school time is not unfounded.The United Nations this past summer published a report issuing a strong warning regarding technology use in schools around the globe.Some countries had already implemented strict“no-cellphone”policies.For example,France prohibited students in elementary and middle schools from using cellphones while on campus.Meanwhile,it is reported that most teens use their phones for an average of43minutes during school hours,with some students reaching six hours on the high end.These addictive devices often lead to distraction and social anxiety.Worse still,almost one-third of secondary school teachers said that their lessons were interrupted by students’mobile phones.However,some people don’t believe that banning mobile phones in England’s schools will fundamentally address the harm that mobile phones do to children.“We work with children daily.We understand that a phone is a device to pay for a bus,contact your mum,and find information,”Kidron,a secondary school teacher,said.“So the device is not the issue;it is the persistent irresponsible content provided by online tech platforms that is to panies that engage withchildren,therefore,should offer content that is suitable for their age and development capacity.”Ghey,a concerned mother,also raised her voice on this matter,but with a different perspective.She argued for the phone manufacturers to make specific products for under-18s that prevent them from accessing harmful content.V.Translation(15分)Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.短暂接触辐射一般对人体无害。

II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)About dancing bearsYoung bears are captured in the wild, separated from their mothers, and taught by a trainer to become dancing bears in conditions of unimaginable cruelty.The young animals are forced on to sheets of really hot metal and, (25) ______ (escape) the pain,the bears alternate lifting up one paw (爪子) and then another while music is played. The processis repeated again and again (26) ______ the animals automatically begin to raise their paws – to “dance” – in fear of the pain, even when there are no metal sheets.As the bears get older, the trainers keep them under control by imposing pain. They do this by putting rings through the bears’ highly sensitive noses and jaws. The pitiful truth is (27) ______ they are not put to sleep for this painful process. Chains (28) ______ (attach) to the rings so the trainers can control the animals, (29) ______ weigh up to 350 kilograms, with only a slight pull on the chains.The bears’ nails are c ut several times a year and their teeth broken or removed in order that they cannot get their trainers (30) ______ (injure). The bears also suffer with an inadequate diet usually (31) ______ (consist) of white bread, sugar and cheap fruit juices. All these cause the bears serious physical health problems (32) ______ ______ many of them display strange behavior suchas swaying (摇摆) and pacing as they cannot follow natural behavioral patterns and instincts.(B)The Power of GoodIt was Mother’s Day morning la st year and I was shopping at our local supermarket with myfive-year-old son, Tenyson. As we were leaving, we realised that only minutes (33) ______ (early) an elderly woman had fallen and hurt (34) ______ badly. She was embarrassed and clearly in shock. Fortunately, her husband was with her and many people had stopped to help out. Walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very upset about (35) ______ had happened to the elderly couple. He said to me, “(36) ______ (fall) over in front of everyone isn’t much fun.”Near the entrance of the supermarket, a charity group had set up a stall selling flowers. Tenyson suggested that we should buy the lady a flower. “It will make her feel better,” he said. I was amazed that he would have this sweet idea, so I asked the flower seller if I (37) _____ buy a flower for the elderly lady because my son wanted to give it to her to cheer her up. “Just take it,” she replied. “I can’t take your money for such wonderful gesture.”By then a nurse (38) ______ (arrive), and was attending to the woman. As we walked up to her, Tenyson became frightened by all the blood and medical equipment. Instead I gave (39) ______ flower to the woman’s husband. The old man thanked us both, then bent down and gave it to his wife, telling her who it was (40) ______. Despite being badly hurt and shaken, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. alternativeB. appealC. benefitD. differE. energizingF. fascinatedG. marineH. naturalistI. preserveJ. specializingK. unspoiledEcotours are unique adventures that join nature and sightseeing into one exciting package. Learning about the environment and the world around us is the 41 of an ecotour because you get to experience the natural world firsthand. A great way for students studying biology and environmental sciences to experience 42 life and nature is to take your own ecotour! Orlando airboat rides can give you an experience to remember and can be a fun and 43 way to learn more about the Florida environment.Ecotours involve travelling to a natural environment where you are guided by a(n) 44helping you learn about the surrounding environment and extend your environmental education. This can include learning how the plants and animals on your Orlando airboat rides 45 from each other, or you can be simply becoming more aware of preservation efforts towards the Everglades, the largest wetland in North America.Orlando airboat rides can help you learn about Florida history, observe alligators (短吻鳄) andother wildlife, and experience the 46 nature of the muddy wilderness. Taking an ecotour can help you become more aware of your environment and further instruct you on the impact we have on the environment. Our goal is to help you understand the Everglades and how important it is to 47 the wetland.Wild Florida provides the perfect opportunity for a school trip that satisfies those 48 with learning more about environmental sciences, or to those just curious about the Everglades. Hands-on and active learning on an airboat ride is often a more exciting and adventurous 49 to sitting in a classroom, so why not plan your ecotrip with Wild Florida?Wild Florida is reputable for 50 in creating an exciting and unique ecotour that’s fun for everyone in your family! You will be flying through the muddy Everglades in our airboat rides while observing and learning about alligators, bald birds, the history of the Everglades, and so much more. Book your Orlando airboat rides today by calling us at 407-901-2563 to experience aone-of-a-kind ecotour that you won’t soon forget.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Over the last 15 years, digital communication has brought in more changes than the printing press did in 1570. And those most likely to use them in this world are teenagers, whose brains appear to have an extraordinary volume to adapt to the world around them, according to Dr Jay Giedd, a(n) 51brain expert.We are now discovering that, as a species, our brains during the teenage years are still flexible and capable of 52 . Having a more flexible brain, 53 , means that certain parts of it, such as desire control and the ability to make long-term decisions, haven’t developed yet, which may also explain why we spend a(n) 54 period living under the protection of our parents rather than leaving home at the age of 12 or 13. This also means that the teenage brain can adapt to new technology,enabling teenagers to 55 the increasing pace of digital technology and giving them an advantage when it comes to multitasking.In the USA, on average teenagers spend 8.5 hours a day using computers, mobiles, and other devices to learn, interact, and play. This increases to 11.5 hours if you include all of the56 that goes on, such as talking on the phone while watching TV. As they stare at these screens, they’re taking in and sorting through an incredible amount of information.There are 57 about how social media is affecting the way the brain learns to 58 , as one of the most important skills that we learn as children is how to make friends and interact with people around us. Geidd says that a lot of what goes on inside our brains is social. Social interactions are now being 59 by technology – you could have hundreds of friends, all of whom are real people that you interact with and scientists aren’t sure whether we’ll be able to develop the same 60 using social media.There is a(n) 61 of the growing digital trend: YouTube shows the teenagers all over the world are watching the same videos and laughing at the same jokes, indicating that they are more62 than teenagers in the past. They may be keen on 63 their friends and posting updates on social media sites, but teenagers today are probably going to have access to technology and 64social and educational opportunities that anyone with a less flexible brain may have trouble imagining. Nevertheless, there is a cut-off point, and by the age of 30, our brains in their ways, making it more65 for us to adapt and cope with new technologies.51. A. digital B. adolescent C. surgical D. artificial52. A. functioning B. noticing C. adjusting D. deciding53. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead54. A. natural B. glorious C. limited D. extended55. A. keep up with B. come up with C. put up with D. end up with56. A. gossiping B. multitasking C. interacting D. playing57. A. reports B. curiosities C. concerns D. talks58. A. memorize B. sort C. imagine D. socialize59. A. changed B. controlled C. troubled D. interrupted60. A. trends B. attitudes C. societies D. skills61. A. advantage B. distraction C. indication D. history62. A. absent-minded B. global-minded C. quick-minded D. serious-minded63. A. accessing B. texting C. discovering D. watching64. A. on the whole B. as a result C. in other words D. by all means65. A. flexible B. important C. difficult D. incredibleSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Sebastian Faulks has written many novels, including Devil May Care, the latest James Bond book. This cutting comes from a very different kind of novel called Charlotte Gray. The setting is atransit (中转) camp near Paris during the Second World War, where a group of people, includingtwo small children, Andre and Jacob, await transport to take them to a concentration camp outside France. Although these people –the ‘deportees’ of the cutting – are not fully aware of this, they face certain death.The Last NightAndre was lying on the floor when a man came with postcards on which the deportees might write a final message. He advised them to leave them at the station or throw them from the train as camp orders forbade access to the post. Two or three pencils that had survived the camps search were passed round among the people in the room. Some wrote with weeping passion, some with great care, as though their safety, or at least the way in which they were remembered, depended upon their choice of words.A woman came with a sandwich for each child to take on the journey. She also had a bucket of water, round which they gathered, holding out food cans they passed from one to another. One of the older boys hugged her in his gratitude, but the bucket was soon empty. When she was gone, there were only the small hours of the night to go through. Andre was lying on the straw, and Jacob leaned close to him for warmth.Five buses had come in through the main entrance, and now stood trembling in the corner of the yard. At a long table … the commandant of the camp himself sat with a list of names that another policeman was calling out in alphabetical order. Andre heard his name and moved with Jacob towards the bus. From the other side of the courtyard, from windows open on the dawn, a shower of food was thrown towards them by women crying and calling out their names.Andre looked up, and in a chance angle of light he saw a woman’s face in which the eyes were fixed with terrible fierceness on a child beside him. Why did she stare as though she hated him? Then it came to Andre that she was not looking in hatred, but had kept her eyes so intensely open in order to fix the picture of her child in her mind. She was looking to remember, for ever. …66. What can we learn from the first part of the passage?A. The background and the situation of World War II.B. The transit camp and the transportation in Paris.C. The author, the setting and the main characters.D. The main idea and the names on the list.67. Which of the following is true about the things going on in the transit camp?A. The deportees were eager to leave their final messages.B. A humble breakfast was served to children late that morning.C. Andre happened to witness the deportees’ routine camp life.D. The camp commandant stood by a long table calling the roll.68. The woman stared at her child fiercely probably because ______.A. she found her child was trembling and crying for foodB. she thought she would never see her child any moreC. she was filled with an attempt to escape from deathD. she was driven mad by the life in the transit camp69. The author told the story in a(n) ______ tone.A. casualB. desperateC. hatredD. innocent(B)What we doEFP Courses provide courses in English language and British culture. Our courses are aimed at students aged between 12 and 17 who are at pre-intermediate level or above in English. The courses are held in Guildford, a historic town near London.Typical structure of a one-week courseØ up to 25 hours of English run by native speakers, qualified in teaching English as a foreign language and specialist drama teachersØ 2 full-day sightseeing trips to London and Oxford (at weekends)Ø full board (全食宿) with local, English-speaking familiesWhen we run the coursesEFP courses can be organized only during British state school terms. For this academic year, courses can be booked between now and 23 May and between 30 May and 30 June. We welcome you to book from 3 September 2019 to 25 October 2019 and from 31 October to 20 December 2019.Why choose EFP coursesØ in addition to our standard English classes, we also run drama and expression English classes, taught by specialist drama teachersØ we expose our students to British culture for the entire length of the courseØ we tailor courses to each gr oup’s needs, creating a unique experience for our students. Note that any changes to our courses are made within reason and only if all participants from a group share the same language level. Please see further details on our website.Length of a courseEFP courses run for either one or two weeks depending on the specific requirements for your group.How to applyPlease register your interest by sending an email to info@. By contacting us before you make any travel arrangements you ensure that we can put your group up on the dates that you require. For more details, please visit .See you in Guildford soon!70. What does the leaflet tell us about EFP courses?A. Their target students are teenagers of all English levels.B. They are available on the school campuses in London and Oxford.C. Every individual participant is supplied with tailored language support.D. They involve students in British culture activities during the whole course.71. Suppose you are to take EFP courses this academic year, you can ______.A. hand in an application by visiting their websiteB. enjoy a special series of lessons for a whole school termC. experience English dramas with English-speaking familiesD. make a reservation from October 31 to December 2072. The purpose of this writing is to ______.A. attract qualified teachers to EFP coursesB. demonstrate the popularity of EFP coursesC. offer group students access to EFP coursesD. illustrate the importance of EFP courses(C)Lindsay Renwick, the mayor of Deniliquin, a country town in New South Wales, misses theconstant whir (嗡嗡声) of the rice mill whose giant fans dried the rice. The Deniliquin mill, the largest rice mill in the Southern Hemisphere (南半球), once processed enough grain to meet theneeds of 20 million people globally. But six years of drought have had a destructive effect, reducing Australia’s rice crop by 98 percent and leading to the mothballing of the mill last December.Drought affects every agriculture industry based in Australia, not just rice – from sheep farming, the country’s other backbone, to the cultivation of grapes for wine, the fastest-growing crop there, with that expansion often coming at the expense of rice. The drought’s effect on rice has produced the greatest impact on the rest of the world, so far. It is one factor contributing to skyrocketing prices, and many scientists believe it is among the earliest signs that a warming planet is startingto affect food production.Researchers are looking for solutions to global rice shortages – for example, rice that blooms earlier in the day, when it is cooler, to fight against global warming. Rice plants that happen to bloom on hot days are less likely to produce grains of rice, a difficulty that is already starting to eme rge in inland areas of China and other Asian countries as temperatures begin to climb. “There will be problems very soon unless we have new varieties of rice in place,” said Reiner Wassmann, climate change director at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The recent reports on climate change carried a warning that could make the news even worse: that existing models for the effects of climate change on agriculture did not yet include newer findings that global warming could reduce rainfall and make it more variable.Yet the effects of climate change are not uniformly bad for rice. Rising concentrations (浓度) ofcarbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, can actually help rice – although the effect reduces or disappears if the plants face unnecessary heat, inadequate water, severe pollution or other stresses. Still, the flexibility of farmers here has persuaded some climate experts that, particularly in developed countries, the effects of climate change may be relieved, if not completely avoided. “I’m not as negative as most people,” said Will Steffen, director of the Fenner School of Environment and Society at Australian National University. “Farmers are learning how to do things differently.”Meanwhile, changes like the use of water to grow wine grapes instead of rice carry their own costs, as the developing world is discovering. “Rice is an essential food,” said Graeme Haley, the general manager of the town of Deniliquin. “Wine is not.”73. By “the mothballing of the mill” (in Paragraph 1) the author most probably means the mill is ______.A. kept unprocessedB. left unusedC. being entirely restoredD. being pushed round74. To find the ways to cope with the global rice shortage, researchers are ______.A. seeking new types of rice which could bloom at a lower temperatureB. building greenhouses which could provide more heat for rice to growC. studying climate changes in China which may affect rice growing in AsiaD. looking for alternative agriculture industries which may take the place of rice75. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Rice plants are fond of higher temperature in the process of growing.B. Global warming has shown few signs of influence on agriculture.C. Rice prices are rising steadily owing to the crop failure in Australia.D. Global warming may contribute to more complicated weather conditions.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. Australia is the largest rice producing country around the worldB. most people look on the bright side of the flexibility of farmersC. climate changes have simply brought negative effects to people’s livesD. wine grape cultivation has threatened the rice production in Australia77. Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage?A. Rice shortage and wine boomB. Drought, the enemy of rice productionC. Rice crisis and its solutionD. Rice issue, a focus of the public attentionSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.What colour is it today? What shape is that smell? What does that pain sound like? These questions might seem like nonsense, but four people in 100 might think they make perfect sense. That four percent have synesthesia, and they naturally experience certain senses together. One form of this is pairing numbers or letters with a fixed colour –a blue “1” or a red “D.” Other synesthetes, people with synesthesia, may think the word “hurricane” tastes salty. Yet others with “mirror-touch synesthesia” see someone hit on the head and also feel the hit themselves.Synesthesia is not completely understood though it is in our genes. The white matter (脑白质) ofsynesthetes is organized differently from that of people without synesthesia, which may accountfor the differences in perception (感知). Synesthesia is widely accepted and researched today, butthat hasn’t always been true. Though it caught scientific interest in the late 1800s, it was later rejected as a self-created way of thinking. But as people have become more fascinated by the differences in individual perception, a focus on synesthesia has been renewed. At the present time, scientists in various fields are examining the phenomenon.As scientists continue to study synesthesia, certain advantages have been noticed. Studies show that the sensation connections that synesthetes experience aid them in abilities related to memory.Researchers believe that this advantage may help stop the loss of cognitive (认知) function in theelderly. This aspect of synesthesia could even help patients recover from brain injuries. Synesthetes also tend to be artists, singers Pharrell Williams and Lady Gaga being some famousexamples. Most likely, synesthesia doesn’t give artistic sensitivity, but it’s understandable that seeing colours in music, for instance, could inspire art.Strong drugs and increasing blindness have been known to cause synesthesia, but these are not good options for obvious reasons. One recent emphasis of the study of synesthesia is to determine whether non-synesthetes can acquire it. For now, the University of East London is training adults to establish letter-colour connections for memory improvement to some effect. It may not be long before words taste like our favourite foods and our favourite songs look like fireworks. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. According to the passage synesthetes are those __________________.79. Why do synesthetes have sensation connections while the others don’t?80. What groups of people might profit from synesthesia according to the third paragraph?81. Scientists are training adults to establish letter-colour connections to prove the possibility that __________________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 自上周起，孩子们就兴奋地聊着出游的打算了。

II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)About dancing bearsYoung bears are captured in the wild, separated from their mothers, and taught by a trainer to become dancing bears in conditions of unimaginable cruelty.The young animals are forced on to sheets of really hot metal and, (25) ______ (escape) the pain,the bears alternate lifting up one paw (爪子) and then another while music is played. The processis repeated again and again (26) ______ the animals automatically begin to raise their paws – to “dance” – in fear of the pain, even when there are no metal sheets.As the bears get older, the trainers keep them under control by imposing pain. They do this by putting rings through the bears’ highly sensitive noses and jaws. The pitiful truth is (27) ______ they are not put to sleep for this painful process. Chains (28) ______ (attach) to the rings so the trainers can control the animals, (29) ______ weigh up to 350 kilograms, with only a slight pull on the chains.The bears’ nails are c ut several times a year and their teeth broken or removed in order that they cannot get their trainers (30) ______ (injure). The bears also suffer with an inadequate diet usually (31) ______ (consist) of white bread, sugar and cheap fruit juices. All these cause the bears serious physical health problems (32) ______ ______ many of them display strange behavior suchas swaying (摇摆) and pacing as they cannot follow natural behavioral patterns and instincts.(B)The Power of GoodIt was Mother’s Day morning la st year and I was shopping at our local supermarket with myfive-year-old son, Tenyson. As we were leaving, we realised that only minutes (33) ______ (early) an elderly woman had fallen and hurt (34) ______ badly. She was embarrassed and clearly in shock. Fortunately, her husband was with her and many people had stopped to help out. Walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very upset about (35) ______ had happened to the elderly couple. He said to me, “(36) ______ (fall) over in front of everyone isn’t much fun.”Near the entrance of the supermarket, a charity group had set up a stall selling flowers. Tenyson suggested that we should buy the lady a flower. “It will make her feel better,” he said. I was amazed that he would have this sweet idea, so I asked the flower seller if I (37) _____ buy a flower for the elderly lady because my son wanted to give it to her to cheer her up. “Just take it,” she replied. “I can’t take your money for such wonderful gesture.”By then a nurse (38) ______ (arrive), and was attending to the woman. As we walked up to her, Tenyson became frightened by all the blood and medical equipment. Instead I gave (39) ______ flower to the woman’s husband. The old man thanked us both, then bent down and gave it to his wife, telling her who it was (40) ______. Despite being badly hurt and shaken, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. alternativeB. appealC. benefitD. differE. energizingF. fascinatedG. marineH. naturalistI. preserveJ. specializingK. unspoiledEcotours are unique adventures that join nature and sightseeing into one exciting package. Learning about the environment and the world around us is the 41 of an ecotour because you get to experience the natural world firsthand. A great way for students studying biology and environmental sciences to experience 42 life and nature is to take your own ecotour! Orlando airboat rides can give you an experience to remember and can be a fun and 43 way to learn more about the Florida environment.Ecotours involve travelling to a natural environment where you are guided by a(n) 44helping you learn about the surrounding environment and extend your environmental education. This can include learning how the plants and animals on your Orlando airboat rides 45 from each other, or you can be simply becoming more aware of preservation efforts towards the Everglades, the largest wetland in North America.Orlando airboat rides can help you learn about Florida history, observe alligators (短吻鳄) andother wildlife, and experience the 46 nature of the muddy wilderness. Taking an ecotour can help you become more aware of your environment and further instruct you on the impact we have on the environment. Our goal is to help you understand the Everglades and how important it is to 47 the wetland.Wild Florida provides the perfect opportunity for a school trip that satisfies those 48 with learning more about environmental sciences, or to those just curious about the Everglades. Hands-on and active learning on an airboat ride is often a more exciting and adventurous 49 to sitting in a classroom, so why not plan your ecotrip with Wild Florida?Wild Florida is reputable for 50 in creating an exciting and unique ecotour that’s fun for everyone in your family! You will be flying through the muddy Everglades in our airboat rides while observing and learning about alligators, bald birds, the history of the Everglades, and so much more. Book your Orlando airboat rides today by calling us at 407-901-2563 to experience aone-of-a-kind ecotour that you won’t soon forget.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Over the last 15 years, digital communication has brought in more changes than the printing press did in 1570. And those most likely to use them in this world are teenagers, whose brains appear to have an extraordinary volume to adapt to the world around them, according to Dr Jay Giedd, a(n) 51brain expert.We are now discovering that, as a species, our brains during the teenage years are still flexible and capable of 52 . Having a more flexible brain, 53 , means that certain parts of it, such as desire control and the ability to make long-term decisions, haven’t developed yet, which may also explain why we spend a(n) 54 period living under the protection of our parents rather than leaving home at the age of 12 or 13. This also means that the teenage brain can adapt to new technology,enabling teenagers to 55 the increasing pace of digital technology and giving them an advantage when it comes to multitasking.In the USA, on average teenagers spend 8.5 hours a day using computers, mobiles, and other devices to learn, interact, and play. This increases to 11.5 hours if you include all of the56 that goes on, such as talking on the phone while watching TV. As they stare at these screens, they’re taking in and sorting through an incredible amount of information.There are 57 about how social media is affecting the way the brain learns to 58 , as one of the most important skills that we learn as children is how to make friends and interact with people around us. Geidd says that a lot of what goes on inside our brains is social. Social interactions are now being 59 by technology – you could have hundreds of friends, all of whom are real people that you interact with and scientists aren’t sure whether we’ll be able to develop the same 60 using social media.There is a(n) 61 of the growing digital trend: YouTube shows the teenagers all over the world are watching the same videos and laughing at the same jokes, indicating that they are more62 than teenagers in the past. They may be keen on 63 their friends and posting updates on social media sites, but teenagers today are probably going to have access to technology and 64social and educational opportunities that anyone with a less flexible brain may have trouble imagining. Nevertheless, there is a cut-off point, and by the age of 30, our brains in their ways, making it more65 for us to adapt and cope with new technologies.51. A. digital B. adolescent C. surgical D. artificial52. A. functioning B. noticing C. adjusting D. deciding53. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead54. A. natural B. glorious C. limited D. extended55. A. keep up with B. come up with C. put up with D. end up with56. A. gossiping B. multitasking C. interacting D. playing57. A. reports B. curiosities C. concerns D. talks58. A. memorize B. sort C. imagine D. socialize59. A. changed B. controlled C. troubled D. interrupted60. A. trends B. attitudes C. societies D. skills61. A. advantage B. distraction C. indication D. history62. A. absent-minded B. global-minded C. quick-minded D. serious-minded63. A. accessing B. texting C. discovering D. watching64. A. on the whole B. as a result C. in other words D. by all means65. A. flexible B. important C. difficult D. incredibleSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Sebastian Faulks has written many novels, including Devil May Care, the latest James Bond book. This cutting comes from a very different kind of novel called Charlotte Gray. The setting is atransit (中转) camp near Paris during the Second World War, where a group of people, includingtwo small children, Andre and Jacob, await transport to take them to a concentration camp outside France. Although these people –the ‘deportees’ of the cutting – are not fully aware of this, they face certain death.The Last NightAndre was lying on the floor when a man came with postcards on which the deportees might write a final message. He advised them to leave them at the station or throw them from the train as camp orders forbade access to the post. Two or three pencils that had survived the camps search were passed round among the people in the room. Some wrote with weeping passion, some with great care, as though their safety, or at least the way in which they were remembered, depended upon their choice of words.A woman came with a sandwich for each child to take on the journey. She also had a bucket of water, round which they gathered, holding out food cans they passed from one to another. One of the older boys hugged her in his gratitude, but the bucket was soon empty. When she was gone, there were only the small hours of the night to go through. Andre was lying on the straw, and Jacob leaned close to him for warmth.Five buses had come in through the main entrance, and now stood trembling in the corner of the yard. At a long table … the commandant of the camp himself sat with a list of names that another policeman was calling out in alphabetical order. Andre heard his name and moved with Jacob towards the bus. From the other side of the courtyard, from windows open on the dawn, a shower of food was thrown towards them by women crying and calling out their names.Andre looked up, and in a chance angle of light he saw a woman’s face in which the eyes were fixed with terrible fierceness on a child beside him. Why did she stare as though she hated him? Then it came to Andre that she was not looking in hatred, but had kept her eyes so intensely open in order to fix the picture of her child in her mind. She was looking to remember, for ever. …66. What can we learn from the first part of the passage?A. The background and the situation of World War II.B. The transit camp and the transportation in Paris.C. The author, the setting and the main characters.D. The main idea and the names on the list.67. Which of the following is true about the things going on in the transit camp?A. The deportees were eager to leave their final messages.B. A humble breakfast was served to children late that morning.C. Andre happened to witness the deportees’ routine camp life.D. The camp commandant stood by a long table calling the roll.68. The woman stared at her child fiercely probably because ______.A. she found her child was trembling and crying for foodB. she thought she would never see her child any moreC. she was filled with an attempt to escape from deathD. she was driven mad by the life in the transit camp69. The author told the story in a(n) ______ tone.A. casualB. desperateC. hatredD. innocent(B)What we doEFP Courses provide courses in English language and British culture. Our courses are aimed at students aged between 12 and 17 who are at pre-intermediate level or above in English. The courses are held in Guildford, a historic town near London.Typical structure of a one-week courseØ up to 25 hours of English run by native speakers, qualified in teaching English as a foreign language and specialist drama teachersØ 2 full-day sightseeing trips to London and Oxford (at weekends)Ø full board (全食宿) with local, English-speaking familiesWhen we run the coursesEFP courses can be organized only during British state school terms. For this academic year, courses can be booked between now and 23 May and between 30 May and 30 June. We welcome you to book from 3 September 2016 to 25 October 2016 and from 31 October to 20 December 2016.Why choose EFP coursesØ in addition to our standard English classes, we also run drama and expression English classes, taught by specialist drama teachersØ we expose our students to British culture for the entire length of the courseØ we tailor courses to e ach group’s needs, creating a unique experience for our students. Note that any changes to our courses are made within reason and only if all participants from a group share the same language level. Please see further details on our website.Length of a courseEFP courses run for either one or two weeks depending on the specific requirements for your group.How to applyPlease register your interest by sending an email to info@. By contacting us before you make any travel arrangements you ensure that we can put your group up on the dates that you require. For more details, please visit .See you in Guildford soon!70. What does the leaflet tell us about EFP courses?A. Their target students are teenagers of all English levels.B. They are available on the school campuses in London and Oxford.C. Every individual participant is supplied with tailored language support.D. They involve students in British culture activities during the whole course.71. Suppose you are to take EFP courses this academic year, you can ______.A. hand in an application by visiting their websiteB. enjoy a special series of lessons for a whole school termC. experience English dramas with English-speaking familiesD. make a reservation from October 31 to December 2072. The purpose of this writing is to ______.A. attract qualified teachers to EFP coursesB. demonstrate the popularity of EFP coursesC. offer group students access to EFP coursesD. illustrate the importance of EFP courses(C)Lindsay Renwick, the mayor of Deniliquin, a country town in New South Wales, misses theconstant whir (嗡嗡声) of the rice mill whose giant fans dried the rice. The Deniliquin mill, the largest rice mill in the Southern Hemisphere (南半球), once processed enough grain to meet theneeds of 20 million people globally. But six years of drought have had a destructive effect, reducing Australia’s rice crop by 98 percent and leading to the mothballing of the mill last December.Drought affects every agriculture industry based in Australia, not just rice – from sheep farming, the country’s other backbone, to the cultivation of grapes for wine, the fastest-growing crop there, with that expansion often coming at the expense of rice. The drought’s effect on rice has produced the greatest impact on the rest of the world, so far. It is one factor contributing to skyrocketing prices, and many scientists believe it is among the earliest signs that a warming planet is startingto affect food production.Researchers are looking for solutions to global rice shortages – for example, rice that blooms earlier in the day, when it is cooler, to fight against global warming. Rice plants that happen to bloom on hot days are less likely to produce grains of rice, a difficulty that is already starting to emerge in inland areas of China and other Asian countries as temperatures begin to climb. “There will be problems very soon unless we have new varieties of rice in place,” said Reiner Wassmann, climate change director at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The recent reports on climate change carried a warning that could make the news even worse: that existing models for the effects of climate change on agriculture did not yet include newer findings that global warming could reduce rainfall and make it more variable.Yet the effects of climate change are not uniformly bad for rice. Rising concentrations (浓度) ofcarbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, can actually help rice – although the effect reduces or disappears if the plants face unnecessary heat, inadequate water, severe pollution or other stresses. Still, the flexibility of farmers here has persuaded some climate experts that, particularly in developed countries, the effects of climate change may be relieved, if not completely avoided. “I’m not as negative as most people,” said Will Steffen, director of the Fenner School of Environment and Society at Australian National University. “Farmers are learning how to do things differently.”Meanwhile, changes like the use of water to grow wine grapes instead of rice carry their own costs, as the developing world is discovering. “Rice is an essential food,” said Graeme Haley, the general manager of the town of Deniliquin. “Wine is not.”73. By “the mothballing of the mill” (in Paragraph 1) t he author most probably means the mill is ______.A. kept unprocessedB. left unusedC. being entirely restoredD. being pushed round74. To find the ways to cope with the global rice shortage, researchers are ______.A. seeking new types of rice which could bloom at a lower temperatureB. building greenhouses which could provide more heat for rice to growC. studying climate changes in China which may affect rice growing in AsiaD. looking for alternative agriculture industries which may take the place of rice75. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Rice plants are fond of higher temperature in the process of growing.B. Global warming has shown few signs of influence on agriculture.C. Rice prices are rising steadily owing to the crop failure in Australia.D. Global warming may contribute to more complicated weather conditions.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. Australia is the largest rice producing country around the worldB. most people look on the bright side of the flexibility of farmersC. climate changes have simply brought negative effects to people’s livesD. wine grape cultivation has threatened the rice production in Australia77. Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage?A. Rice shortage and wine boomB. Drought, the enemy of rice productionC. Rice crisis and its solutionD. Rice issue, a focus of the public attentionSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.What colour is it today? What shape is that smell? What does that pain sound like? These questions might seem like nonsense, but four people in 100 might think they make perfect sense. That four percent have synesthesia, and they naturally experience certain senses together. One form of this is pairing numbers or letters with a fixed colour –a blue “1” or a red “D.” Other synesthetes, people with synesthesia, may think the word “hurricane” tastes salty. Yet others with “mirror-touch syne sthesia” see someone hit on the head and also feel the hit themselves.Synesthesia is not completely understood though it is in our genes. The white matter (脑白质) ofsynesthetes is organized differently from that of people without synesthesia, which may accountfor the differences in perception (感知). Synesthesia is widely accepted and researched today, butthat hasn’t always been true. Though it caught scientific interest in the late 1800s, it was later rejected as a self-created way of thinking. But as people have become more fascinated by the differences in individual perception, a focus on synesthesia has been renewed. At the present time, scientists in various fields are examining the phenomenon.As scientists continue to study synesthesia, certain advantages have been noticed. Studies show that the sensation connections that synesthetes experience aid them in abilities related to memory.Researchers believe that this advantage may help stop the loss of cognitive (认知) function in theelderly. This aspect of synesthesia could even help patients recover from brain injuries. Synesthetes also tend to be artists, singers Pharrell Williams and Lady Gaga being some famousexamples. Most likely, synesthesia doesn’t give artistic sensitivity, but it’s understandable that seeing colours in music, for instance, could inspire art.Strong drugs and increasing blindness have been known to cause synesthesia, but these are not good options for obvious reasons. One recent emphasis of the study of synesthesia is to determine whether non-synesthetes can acquire it. For now, the University of East London is training adults to establish letter-colour connections for memory improvement to some effect. It may not be long before words taste like our favourite foods and our favourite songs look like fireworks. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. According to the passage synesthetes are those __________________.79. Why do synesthetes have sensation connections while the others don’t?80. What groups of people might profit from synesthesia according to the third paragraph?81. Scientists are training adults to establish letter-colour connections to prove the possibility that __________________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 自上周起，孩子们就兴奋地聊着出游的打算了。