Unit 8 The Discus Thrower课文翻译综合教程四

Unit--The-Discus-Thrower课文翻译综合教程四————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：Unit 8The Discus ThrowerRichard Selzer1 I spy on my patients. Ought not a doctor to observe his patients by any meansand from any stance that he might take for the more fully assemble evidence? So I stand in the doorways of hospital rooms and gaze. Oh, it is not all that furtive an act.Those in bed need only look up to discover me. But they never do.2 From the doorway of Room 542 the man in the bed seems deeply tanned. Blueeyes and close-cropped white hair give him the appearance of vigor and good health.But I know that his skin is not brown from the sun. It is rusted, rather, in the last stage of containing the vile repose within. And the blue eyes are frosted, looking inward like the windows of a snowbound cottage. This man is blind. This man is also legless ― the right leg missing from midthigh down, the left from just below the knee.It gives him the look of a bonsai, roots and branches pruned into the dwarfed facsimile of a great tree.3 Propped on pillows, he cups his right thigh in both hands. Now and then heshakes his head as though acknowledging the intensity of his suffering. In all of this he makes no sound. Is he mute as well as blind?4 The room in which he dwells is empty of all possessions ― no get-well cards,small, private caches of food, day-old flowers, slippers, all the usual kickshaws of the sick room. There is only the bed, a chair, a nightstand, and a tray on wheels that can be swung across his lap for meals.5 “What time is it?” he asks.“Three o’clock.”“Morning or afternoon?”“Afternoon.”He is silent. There is nothing else he wants to know.“How are you?” I say.“Who are you?” he asks.“It’s the doctor. How do you feel?”He does not answer right away.“Feel?” he says.“I hope you feel better,” I say.I press the button at the side of the bed.“Down you go,” I say.“Yes, down,” he says.6 He falls back upon the bed awkwardly. His stumps, unweighted by legs and feet,rise in the air, presenting themselves. I unwrap the bandages from the stumps, and begin to cut away the black scabs and the dead, glazed fat with scissors and forceps.A shard of white bone comes loose. I pick it away. I wash the wounds withdisinfectant and redress the stumps. All this while, he does not speak. What is he thinking behind those lids that do not blink? Is he remembering a time when he was whole? Does he dream of feet? Or when his body was not a rotting log?7 He lies solid and inert. In spite of everything, he remains impressive, as thoughhe were a sailor standing athwart a slanting deck.“Anything more I can do for you?” I ask.For a long moment he is silent.“Yes,” he says at last and without the least irony. “You can bring me a pair of shoes.”In the corridor, the head nurse is waiting for me.“We have to do something about him,” she says. “Every morning he orders scrambled eggs for breakfast, and, instead of eating them, he picks up theplate and throws it against the wall.”“Throws his plate?”“Nasty. That’s what he is. No wonder his family doesn’t come to visit. They probably can’t stand him any more than we can.”She is waiting for me to do something.“Well?”“We’ll see,” I say.8 The next morning I am waiting in the corridor when the kitchen delivers hisbreakfast. I watch the aide place the tray on the stand and swing it across his lap. She presses the button to raise the head of the bed. Then she leaves.9 In time the man reaches to find the rim of the tray, then on to find the dome ofthe covered dish. He lifts off the cover and places it on the stand. He fingers across the plate until he probes the eggs. He lifts the plate in both hands, sets it on the palm of his right hand, centers it, balances it. He hefts it up and down slightly, getting the feel on it. Abruptly, he draws back his right arm as far as he can.10 There is the crack of the plate breaking against the wall at the foot of his bed andthe small wet sound of the scrambled eggs dropping to the floor.11 And then he laughs. It is a sound you have never heard. It is something newunder the sun. It could cure cancer.Out in the corridor, the eyes of the head nurse narrow.“Laughed, did he?”She writes something down on her clipboard.12 A second aide arrives, brings a second breakfast tray, puts it on the nightstand,out of his reach. She looks over at me shaking her head and making her mouth go. I see that we are to be accomplices.13 “I’ve got to feed you,” she says to the man.“Oh, no, you don’t,” the man says.“Oh, yes, I do,” the aide says, “after the way you just did. Nurse says so.”“Get me my shoes,” the man says.“Here’s the oatmeal,” the aide says. “Open.” And she t ouches the spoon to his lower lip.“I ordered scrambled eggs,” says the man.“That’s right,” the aide says.I step forward.“Is there anything I can do?” I say.“Who are you?” the man asks.14 In the evening I go once more to that ward to make my rounds. The head nursereports to me that Room 542 is deceased. She has discovered this by accident, she says. No, there had been no sound. Nothing. It’s a blessing, she says.15 I go into his room, a spy looking for secrets. He is still there in his bed. His faceis relaxed, grave, dignified. After a while, I turn to leave. My gaze sweeps the wall at the foot of the bed, and I see the place where it has been repeatedly washed, where the wall looks very clean and white.掷铁饼者理查德·塞尔泽1 我窥探我的病人。

Unit 8The Discus ThrowerRichard Selzer1 I spy on my patients. Ought not a doctor to observe his patients by any meansand from any stance that he might take for the more fully assemble evidence? So I stand in the doorways of hospital rooms and gaze. Oh, it is not all that furtive an act.Those in bed need only look up to discover me. But they never do.2 From the doorway of Room 542 the man in the bed seems deeply tanned. Blueeyes and close-cropped white hair give him the appearance of vigor and good health.But I know that his skin is not brown from the sun. It is rusted, rather, in the last stage of containing the vile repose within. And the blue eyes are frosted, looking inward like the windows of a snowbound cottage. This man is blind. This man is also legless ― the right leg missing from midthigh down, the left from just below the knee.It gives him the look of a bonsai, roots and branches pruned into the dwarfed facsimile of a great tree.3 Propped on pillows, he cups his right thigh in both hands. Now and then heshakes his head as though acknowledging the intensity of his suffering. In all of this he makes no sound. Is he mute as well as blind?4 The room in which he dwells is empty of all possessions ― no get-well cards,small, private caches of food, day-old flowers, slippers, all the usual kickshaws of the sick room. There is only the bed, a chair, a nightstand, and a tray on wheels that can be swung across his lap for meals.5 “What time is it?” he asks.“Three o’clock.”“Morning or afternoon?”“Afternoon.”He is silent. There is nothing else he wants to know.“How are you?” I say.“Who are you?” he asks.“It’s the doctor. How do you feel?”He does not answer right away.“Feel?” he says.“I hope you feel better,” I say.I press the button at the side of the bed.“Down you go,” I say.“Yes, down,” he says.6 He falls back upon the bed awkwardly. His stumps, unweighted by legs and feet,rise in the air, presenting themselves. I unwrap the bandages from the stumps, and begin to cut away the black scabs and the dead, glazed fat with scissors and forceps.A shard of white bone comes loose. I pick it away. I wash the wounds withdisinfectant and redress the stumps. All this while, he does not speak. What is he thinking behind those lids that do not blink? Is he remembering a time when he was whole? Does he dream of feet? Or when his body was not a rotting log?7 He lies solid and inert. In spite of everything, he remains impressive, as thoughhe were a sailor standing athwart a slanting deck.“Anything more I can do for you?” I ask.For a long moment he is silent.“Yes,” he says at last and without the least irony. “You can bring me a pair of shoes.”In the corridor, the head nurse is waiting for me.“We have to do something about him,” she says. “Every morning he orders scrambled eggs for breakfast, and, instead of eating them, he picks up the plate and throws it against the wall.”“Throws his plate?”“Nasty. That’s what he is. No wonder his family doesn’t come to visit. They probably can’t stand him any more than we can.”She is waiting for me to do something.“Well?”“We’ll see,” I say.8 The next morning I am waiting in the corridor when the kitchen delivers hisbreakfast. I watch the aide place the tray on the stand and swing it across his lap. She presses the button to raise the head of the bed. Then she leaves.9 In time the man reaches to find the rim of the tray, then on to find the dome ofthe covered dish. He lifts off the cover and places it on the stand. He fingers across the plate until he probes the eggs. He lifts the plate in both hands, sets it on the palm of his right hand, centers it, balances it. He hefts it up and down slightly, getting the feel on it. Abruptly, he draws back his right arm as far as he can.10 There is the crack of the plate breaking against the wall at the foot of his bed andthe small wet sound of the scrambled eggs dropping to the floor.11 And then he laughs. It is a sound you have never heard. It is something newunder the sun. It could cure cancer.Out in the corridor, the eyes of the head nurse narrow.“Laughed, did he?”She writes something down on her clipboard.12 A second aide arrives, brings a second breakfast tray, puts it on the nightstand,out of his reach. She looks over at me shaking her head and making her mouth go. I see that we are to be accomplices.13 “I’ve got to feed you,” she says to the man.“Oh, no, you don’t,” the man says.“Oh, yes, I do,” the aide says, “after the way you just did. Nurse says so.”“Get me my shoes,” the man says.“Here’s the oatmeal,” the aide says. “Open.” And she touches the spoon to his lower lip.“I ordered scrambled eggs,” says the man.“That’s right,” the aide says.I step forward.“Is there anything I can do?” I say.“Who are you?” the man asks.14 In the evening I go once more to that ward to make my rounds. The head nursereports to me that Room 542 is deceased. She has discovered this by accident, she says. No, there had been no sound. Nothing. It’s a ble ssing, she says.15 I go into his room, a spy looking for secrets. He is still there in his bed. His faceis relaxed, grave, dignified. After a while, I turn to leave. My gaze sweeps the wall at the foot of the bed, and I see the place where it has been repeatedly washed, where the wall looks very clean and white.掷铁饼者理查德·塞尔泽1 我窥探我的病人。

新标准大学英语综合教程4（unit-8）课后答案及课文翻译应K e y t o b o o k4u n i t1- 4 Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understandingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four yearsaway, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn’t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or(b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or(b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in a lazy way without makinga decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or(b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject?Active reading (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of anevent (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone’s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problem s. But (2) fortunately I didn’t need to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or(b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place lookbrighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to the reader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discour se marker of informal speech (showing something is general, vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I could use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well). Language in use word formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view(a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook) try as … might3 Rewrite the se ntences using try as … might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I migh t to be friendly with Marta, she doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserve s, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get the promotion he deserves, he just doesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should getthe job.3 Since we’r e all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we’re all here, I thin k it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rat her late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, orinteresting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best student research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But m y parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it?You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetablesthrive and also tropical plants and trees.(c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to compete with the other or maybe they enjoy “kissing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is no t all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this r ate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I’m 60.（?翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。

Unit 8 The Discus ThrowerKey to the ExercisesText comprehensionI . Decide which of the following best states the author's purpose of writing.CII. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1. F (Refer to Paragraph 1.)2. F (Refer to Paragraph 2. Here it is stated that the patient's skin is not brown from the sun, though it looks deeply tanned from a distance. Rather, his skin becomes reddish because he was in his last stage of life, that is, he was approaching death.)3. F (Refer to Paragraph 7. When the doctor offered his help, the patient remained silent for a long time, and then in real earnest he asked for a pair of shoes, hoping against hope that the doctor would make him a whole being again.)4. T (Refer to Paragraph 7.)III. A nswer the following questions.1. Refer to Paragraph 1. No, he doesn't. Instead, he finds the activity justifiable. For one thing, he thinks the activity is well-meant, i.e. he wants to collect more pathological evidence in order to give the patients more effective treatment. For another, his activity is not spying in the true sense, for the act is far from furtive.2. Refer to Paragraph 2. The fact that there are no get-well cards, no small, private caches of food and day-old flowers shows that he has been abandoned by his family and friends.3. Refer to Paragraph 7. As a blind man, he is restrained in activity. Now without legs he is completely confined to bed. Like a caged bird, he longs for freedom and dreams of going back to his career. Thus it is understandable why he repeatedly asks for shoes.4. Refer to Paragraphs 9?0. This is the way he expresses his wrath with the unfair fate. He is deprived of sight and now his legs. Deserted by society, he is left with very little. Indignant as he is, he can avenge himself upon nobody. What he can do is only to crash his plate against the wall to vent his anger and despair. Moreover, he would rather die ina stroke like the plate than linger in agony.5. Refer to Paragraph 11. The laughter is unique as is indicated in Paragraph 11. It comes both from the pleasure after revenge by crashing the plate and the hope to extricate himself from his agony by means of an abrupt death like the plate. Since freedom in this material world is impossible to him, he wishes to have it in the other world.IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences.1. "Yes, I am going down," he says, meaning literally that he is going down with the bed but metaphorically that his physical condition is going from bad to worse.2. The wild, relaxed laughter is a totally new sound in the world that nobody has ever heard. The joyful laughter could even give a promising future to cancer patients.3. The aide looks across at me, shaking her head to express her frustration and pursing her lips to signal her annoyance.Structural analysis of the textThis text can be divided into three parts. Part 1, i.e. Paragraph 1, serves as an introduction to the background of the story. Part 2, i.e. Paragraphs 2?3, describes the strange behaviour of a particular patient dubbed "the discus thrower" and his conflict with the health workers. Part 3, i.e. Paragraphs 14?5, tells the reader about the death of the patient. Here are the suggested headlines for the three parts: Part 1: Spying on Patients: a Habit of Mine; Part 2: Encounters with a Particular Patient; Part 3: The Death of the Patient.Rhetorical features of the text1. The questions he asks himself:Ought not a doctor to observe his patients by any means and from any stance, that he might the more fully assemble evidence?Is he mute as well as blind?What is he thinking behind those lids that do not blink? Is he remembering a time when he was whole? Does he dream of feet? Or when his body was not a rotting log?These questions call for no answer but they reveal the inner thoughts of the narrator. He seems to be trying to place himself in the position of the patient for a better understanding of the patient's psychology.2. The questions he asks in his dialogue with the patient:"How are you?""How do you feel?""Anything more I can do for you?"These questions help to show that the narrator is very patient with and responsible for his patient.Vocabulary exercisesI. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.1. reddish brown2. low-growing3. almost unbearable degree4. brings the spoon into light contact with5. visit the patientsII. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word from the box in its appropriate form. 1. accomplice 2. probing3. furtive4. solid5. pruned6. acknowledging7. hefted 8. unwrappedIII. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.1. peculiar2. impression3. dwellings4. delivery5. disinfectants6. assembly7. probings 8. awkwardlyIV. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each sentence without changing its original meaning.1. B2. A3. A4. C5. D6. C7. A8. AV. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.1. Synonym: stare (watch, look)2. Synonym: live (reside, inhabit, lodge, stay)3. Synonym: sway4. Synonym: satire (sarcasm, derision, ridicule)5. Antonym: tense (nervous, stressed, anxious)6. Synonym: remarkable (extraordinary, notable, striking)7. Antonym: desirable (pleasant, agreeable)8. Synonym: stretch (extend)VI. Explain the meaning of the underlined part in each sentence.1. location2. praises3. much4. Supporting5. usually6. bring togetherGrammar exercisesI. Make comments on the following situations, using the words and structures given.1. you have enjoyed it2. she needs a good rest3. you have had a good time4. someone has / had smoked in here5. I had run a marathon6. Susan isn't coming7. he were an old man8. the world were coming to an endII. Complete the following sentences according to the situations given in italics.1. I were/was a child2. it happened only yesterday3. she knew everything4. to let the painful memories pass5. awakened from some dream6. searching for something7. she were the Queen8. he were a patientIII. M atch the sentences or sentence fragments in Column A with those in Column B. 1. J 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. G6. H7. E8. F9. I 10. CIV. Rewrite the following sentences, putting as many words as possible in the plural with other necessary changes.1. Apes are the animals nearest to men in appearance.2. These articles are well written, but there is still room for improvement.3. Crises often occur in the best-regulated families.4. The passers-by stopped and put their hands into their trouser pockets.5. Traffic accidents often occur at crossroads.6. Telephones are a necessity in the modern world.7. The storms did great damage to the crops.8. We have a very high opinion of the old professors.V. Fill in the blanks with is or are.1. are2. is3. are / is4. is5. is / are6. is / are7. are 8. IsVI. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined structures in your sentences.(Reference version)1. When she came in from the rainstorm, she looked as though she had just taken a shower with her clothes on.2. Diana stood motionless at the end of the diving board, hands at her sides, heels slightly raised, every muscle anticipating action.Translation exercisesI. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1. 这让他看上去像一盘盆景，树根和树枝都被修剪掉了，一棵大树只剩下矮小的树干。

UNIT 8 THE DISCUS THROWERWords and Expressionsspy: v. noticeCollocation:spy on:secretly or furtively observe sb. or sth.e.g.The children loved spying on the grownups.Blank filling:The US. government the movements of the terrorists since 9.11. (Answer: has been spying on)stance: n.an attitude or view about an issue that you state clearlyCollocation: stance on/toward/againste.g.Tell us what your stance is on capital punishment.furtive:a.done on the sly or in a sneaky waye.g.The thief gave a furtive glance at the defense attorney when the judge read the charges.Synonym:secret, stealthy, covert, clandestine, surreptitious, underhand Comparison:Secret is the most general.e.g.a desk with a secret compartment; secret negotiationsStealthy suggests quiet, cautious deceptiveness intended to escape notice.e.g.Paul heard stealthy footsteps on the stairs.Covert describes something that is concealed or disguisede.g. Every measure, both overt and covert, is being taken against terrorists. Clandestine (a.&n.) implies stealth and secrecy for the concealment of an often illegal or improper purposee.g.clandestine intelligence operationsFurtive suggests the slyness, shiftiness, and evasiveness of a thief.e.g.Chris kept stealing furtive glances at me.Surreptitious is stealthy, furtive, and often unseemly or unethical.e.g.His surreptitious behavior naturally aroused suspicion.Underhand implies unfairness, deceit, or slyness as well as secrecy.e.g.He’s a gentleman and wou ld never say anything underhand about me.frosted:a.covered with frost or something like froste.g. a frosted windowfrosted glassfrosted blue eyesbonsai:n.an ornamental tree of shrub grown in a pot and artificially prevented from reaching its normal sizedwarf:n. & a. (of) sth. or sb. much shorter than the normale.g.dwarf tree, plant, animalv.to cause to appear small by comparisone.g.Together these two big men dwarfed the tiny Broadway office. buildings dwarfedby the surrounding hillsfacsimile:n.an exact copy of sth., especially a book or documente.g.He spread out several facsimile weather charts.prop (up): v.support by placing against sth. solid or rigid; shore upe.g.Try to prop up the tent with the branch from the tree.He can’t always expect his colleagues to prop him up.to prop up a new regime扶植一个新政权cup:v.support or hold sth. with the hands that are curved like a dishe.g.He cupped her chin in the palm of his hand.Make a sentence with the following key words: kneel, cup, hand, river water. Answer: David knelt, cupped his hands and splashed river water onto his face.swing: v. (swung, swung) move sth. from side to sidee.g. A large pendulum swung back and forth inside the grandfather clock.His mood swings between elation and despair.probe:v.physically explore or examine sth. with the hands or an instrumente.g.Detectives questioned him for hours, probing for any inconsistencies in his story. Collocation:probe in/intoe.g.The official enquiry will probe into alleged corruption within the Defence Ministry.They probed in/into the mud with a special drill, looking for a long-buried shipwreck.heft: v. lift or hold sth. in order to test its weighte.g.I watched him heft the heavy sack onto his shoulder.accomplice:n.sb. who helps another person to do sth. illegal or wronge.g.He is suspected as an accomplice of the murder.Derivation:complicity:n. (formal) the act of taking part with another person in a crimee.g. complicity in a crimeConfusing words:accomplice, accomplishgo/make one’s rounds(1) deliver mail door to door; go round (esp. a hospital ward); inspecte.g.make/go the rounds of the wards（医院）查房(2) spreade.g. a paragraph going the rounds of various journalsWar rumors are going the rounds.deseased: a. deade.g.flowers on the grave of deceased relativesthe deseased:(formal and legal) person(s) who has(have) recently diede.g.The deceased was a highly respected member of the farming community. Confusing words:deceased, diseased。

The Discus ThrowerBy Richard SelzerI spy on my patients. Ought not a doctor to observer his patients by any means and from any stance, that he might the more fully assemble evidence? So I stand in the doorways of hospital rooms and gaze. Oh, it is not all that furtive an act. Those in bed need only look up to discover me. But they never do.From the doorway of Room 542 the man in the bed seems deeply tanned. Blue eyes and close-cropped white hair give him the appearance of vigor and good health. But I know that his skin is not brown from the sun. It is rusted, rather, in the last stage of containing the vile repose within. And the blue eyes are frosted, looking inward like the windows of a snowbound cottage. This man is blind. This man is also legless—the right leg missing from mid-thigh down, the left from just below the knee. It gives him the look of a bonsai, roots and branches pruned into the dwarfed facsimile of a great tree.Propped on pillows, he cups his right thigh in both hands. Now and then he shakes his head as though acknowledging the intensity of his suffering. In all of this he makes no sound. Is he mute as well as blind?The room in which he dwells is empty of all possessions—no get-well cards, small, private caches of food, day-old flowers, slippers, all the usual kick-shaws of the sickroom. There is only the bed, a chair, a nightstand, and a tray on wheels that can be swung across his lap for meals.“What time is it?” he asks.“Three o’clock.”“Morning or afternoon?”“Afternoon.”He is silent. There is nothing else he wants to know.“How are you?” I say.“Who is it?” he asks.“It’s the doctor. How do you feel?”He does not answer right away.“Feel?” he says.“I hope you feel better.” I say.I press the button at the side of the bed.“Down you go,” I say.“Yes, down,” he says.He falls back upon the bed awkwardly. His stumps, unweighted by legs and feet, rise in the air, presenting themselves. I unwrap the bandages from the stumps, and begin to cut away the black scabs and the dead, glazed fat with scissors and forceps. A shard of white bone comes loose.I pick it away. I wash the wounds with disinfectant and redress the stumps. All this while, he does not speak. What is he thinking behind those lids that do not blink? Is he remembering a time when he was whole? Does he dream of feet? Of when his body was not a rotting log?He lies solid and inert. In spite of everything, he remains impressive, as though he were a sailor standing athwart a slanting deck.“Any thing more I can do for you?” I ask.For a long moment he is silent.“Yes,” he says at last and without the least irony. “You can bring me a pair of shoes.”In the corridor, the head nurse is waiting for me.“We have to do something about him,” she says. “Every morning he orders scrambled eggs for breakfast, and, instead of eating them, he picks up the plate and throws it against the wall.”“Throws his plate?”“Nasty. That’s what he is. No wonder his family doesn’t come to visit. They probably can’t stand him any more than we can.”She is waiting for me to do something.“Well?”“We’ll see,” I say.The next morning I am waiting in the corridor when the kitchen delivers his breakfast. I watch the aide place the tray on the stand and swing it across his lap. She presses the button to raise the head of the bed. Then she leaves.In time the man reaches to find the rim of the tray, then on to find the dome of the covered dish. He lifts off the cover and places it on the stand. He fingers across the plate until he probes the eggs. He lifts the plate in both hands, sets it on the palm of his right hand, centers it, balances it. He hefts it up and down slightly, getting the feel of it. Abruptly, he draws back his right arm as far as he can.There is the crack of the plate breaking against the wall at the foot of his bed and the small wet wound of the scrambled eggs dropping to the floor.And then he laughs. It is a sound you have never heard. It is something new under the sun. It could cure cancer.Out in the corridor, the eyes of the head nurse narrow.“Laughed, did he?”She writes something down on the clipboard.A second aide arrives, brings a second breakfast tray, puts it on the nightstand, out of his reach. She looks over at me shaking her head and making her mouth go. I see that we are to be accomplices.“I’ve got to feed you,” she says to the man.“Oh, no you don’t,” the man says.“Oh, yes I do,” the aide says, “after the way you just did. Nurse says so.”“Get me my shoes,” the man says.“Here’s oatmeal,” the aide says. “Open.” And she touches the spoon to his lower lip.“I ordered Scrambled eggs,” says the man.“That’s right,” the aide says.I step forward.“Is there anything I can do?” I say.“Who are you?” the man asks.In the evening I go once more to that ward to make my rounds. The head nurse reports to me that Room 542 is deceased. She has discovered this quite by accident, she says. No, there had been no sound. Nothing. It’s a blessing, she says.I go into his room, a spy looking for secrets. He is still there in his bed. His face is relaxed, grave, dignified. After a while, I turn to leave. My gaze sweeps the wall at the foot of the bed, and I see the place where it has been repeatedly washed, where the wall looks very clean and very white.“”“”At the end, Xiao Bian gives you a passage. Minand once said, "people who learn to learn are very happy people.". In every wonderful life, learning is an eternal theme. As a professional clerical and teaching position, I understand the importance of continuous learning, "life is diligent, nothing can be gained", only continuous learning can achieve better self. Only by constantly learning and mastering the latest relevant knowledge, can employees from all walks of life keep up with the pace of enterprise development and innovate to meet the needs of the market. This document is also edited by my studio professionals, there may be errors in the document, if there are errors, please correct, thank you!。

Unit 8 The Discus ThrowerKey to the ExercisesText comprehensionI . Decide which of the following best states the author's purpose of writing.CII. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1. F (Refer to Paragraph 1.)2. F (Refer to Paragraph 2. Here it is stated that the patient's skin is not brown from the sun, though it looks deeply tanned from a distance. Rather, his skin becomes reddish because he was in his last stage of life, that is, he was approaching death.)3. F (Refer to Paragraph 7. When the doctor offered his help, the patient remained silent for a long time, and then in real earnest he asked for a pair of shoes, hoping against hope that the doctor would make him a whole being again.)4. T (Refer to Paragraph 7.)III. Answer the following questions.1. Refer to Paragraph 1. No, he doesn't. Instead, he finds the activity justifiable. For one thing, he thinks the activity is well-meant, i.e. he wants to collect more pathological evidence in order to give the patients more effective treatment. For another, his activity is not spying in the true sense, for the act is far from furtive.2. Refer to Paragraph 2. The fact that there are no get-well cards, no small, private caches of food and day-old flowers shows that he has been abandoned by his family and friends.3. Refer to Paragraph 7. As a blind man, he is restrained in activity. Now without legs he is completely confined to bed. Like a caged bird, he longs for freedom and dreams of going back to his career. Thus it is understandable why he repeatedly asks for shoes.4. Refer to Paragraphs 9?0. This is the way he expresses his wrath with the unfair fate. He is deprived of sight and now his legs. Deserted by society, he is left with very little. Indignant as he is, he can avenge himself upon nobody. What he can do is only to crash his plate against the wall to vent his anger and despair. Moreover, he would rather die in a stroke like the plate than linger in agony.5. Refer to Paragraph 11. The laughter is unique as is indicated in Paragraph 11. It comes both from the pleasure after revenge by crashing the plate and the hope to extricate himself from his agony by means of an abrupt death like the plate. Sincefreedom in this material world is impossible to him, he wishes to have it in the other world.IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences.1. "Yes, I am going down," he says, meaning literally that he is going down with the bed but metaphorically that his physical condition is going from bad to worse.2. The wild, relaxed laughter is a totally new sound in the world that nobody has ever heard. The joyful laughter could even give a promising future to cancer patients.3. The aide looks across at me, shaking her head to express her frustration and pursing her lips to signal her annoyance.Structural analysis of the textThis text can be divided into three parts. Part 1, i.e. Paragraph 1, serves as an introduction to the background of the story. Part 2, i.e. Paragraphs 2?3, describes the strange behaviour of a particular patient dubbed "the discus thrower" and his conflict with the health workers. Part 3, i.e. Paragraphs 14?5, tells the reader about the death of the patient. Here are the suggested headlines for the three parts: Part 1: Spying on Patients: a Habit of Mine; Part 2: Encounters with a Particular Patient; Part 3: The Death of the Patient.Rhetorical features of the text1. The questions he asks himself:Ought not a doctor to observe his patients by any means and from any stance, that he might the more fully assemble evidence?Is he mute as well as blind?What is he thinking behind those lids that do not blink? Is he remembering a time when he was whole? Does he dream of feet? Or when his body was not a rotting log?These questions call for no answer but they reveal the inner thoughts of the narrator. He seems to be trying to place himself in the position of the patient fora better understanding of the patient's psychology.2. The questions he asks in his dialogue with the patient:"How are you?""How do you feel?""Anything more I can do for you?"These questions help to show that the narrator is very patient with and responsible for his patient.Vocabulary exercisesI. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.1. reddish brown2. low-growing3. almost unbearable degree4. brings the spoon into light contact with5. visit the patientsII. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word from the box in its appropriate form.1. accomplice2. probing3. furtive4. solid5. pruned6. acknowledging7. hefted 8. unwrappedIII. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.1. peculiar2. impression3. dwellings4. delivery5. disinfectants6. assembly7. probings 8. awkwardlyIV. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each sentence without changing its original meaning.1. B2. A3. A4. C5. D6. C7. A8. AV. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.1. Synonym: stare (watch, look)2. Synonym: live (reside, inhabit, lodge, stay)3. Synonym: sway4. Synonym: satire (sarcasm, derision, ridicule)5. Antonym: tense (nervous, stressed, anxious)6. Synonym: remarkable (extraordinary, notable, striking)7. Antonym: desirable (pleasant, agreeable)8. Synonym: stretch (extend)VI. Explain the meaning of the underlined part in each sentence.1. location2. praises3. much4. Supporting5. usually6. bring togetherGrammar exercisesI. Make comments on the following situations, using the words and structures given.1. you have enjoyed it2. she needs a good rest3. you have had a good time4. someone has / had smoked in here5. I had run a marathon6. Susan isn't coming7. he were an old man8. the world were coming to an endII. Complete the following sentences according to the situations given in italics.1. I were/was a child2. it happened only yesterday3. she knew everything4. to let the painful memories pass5. awakened from some dream6. searching for something7. she were the Queen8. he were a patientIII. Match the sentences or sentence fragments in Column A with those in ColumnB.1. J2. D3. B4. A5. G6. H7. E8. F9. I 10. CIV. Rewrite the following sentences, putting as many words as possible in the plural with other necessary changes.1. Apes are the animals nearest to men in appearance.2. These articles are well written, but there is still room for improvement.3. Crises often occur in the best-regulated families.4. The passers-by stopped and put their hands into their trouser pockets.5. Traffic accidents often occur at crossroads.6. Telephones are a necessity in the modern world.7. The storms did great damage to the crops.8. We have a very high opinion of the old professors.V. Fill in the blanks with is or are.1. are2. is3. are / is4. is5. is / are6. is / are7. are 8. IsVI. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined structures in your sentences.(Reference version)1. When she came in from the rainstorm, she looked as though she had just takena shower with her clothes on.2. Diana stood motionless at the end of the diving board, hands at her sides, heels slightly raised, every muscle anticipating action.Translation exercisesI. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1. 这让他看上去像一盘盆景，树根和树枝都被修剪掉了，一棵大树只剩下矮小的树干。