初中英语同义句转换精析
1.同义句转换题是近几年来中考英语试题的常见题型之一。该题型能够全面考查学生灵活运用英语的能力，要求学生反应敏捷，联想丰富，能用不同的句子或短语来表达同一意义。本文就同义句转换题的特点及转换形式进行分析，希望从中帮助同学们找出规律，提高其应试能力。
2. Eg:People were in a hurry to take the sick man to hospital.（写出同义句)
People _______ _______ take the sick man to hospital.
People hurries to take the sick man to hospital.
同义句转换的实质就是替代、合并和改写句子。具体分析如下：
一：替代
1、用一个新的词、短语替代原句中有关部分。
如：①I received a letter from Lucy .
= I heard from Lucy . (receive a letter from →hear from )
②I often walk to school every day .
= I often go to school on foot . (walk →go on foot )
③She decided to stop learning English .
= She decided to give up English . (stop doing sth. →give up doing sth. )
2、用反义词来替代。如：
3、④We are in different rows . = We aren’t in the same row . (different →same )
4、⑤My bike is cheaper than yours . = Your bike is more expensive than mine . ( cheap →expensive ) 用反义词或反义短语来替换时，一般会有一个否定意义的词，如not , less , no , never , hardly 等。
二：合并句子
合并句子一般是通过并列连词将两个简单句合并为一句。常见的并列连词有：not only …but also , both …and , neither …nor, either …or 等。例如：
⑥Mary didn’t go to the park . I didn’t , either .
= Neither Mary nor I went to the park .
⑦Wei Hua may go to the cinema , or Ann may because there is only one ticket .
= Either Wei Hua or Ann may go to the cinema because there is only one ticket .
⑧John has got a penfriend . Mike has got a penfriend , too .
= Not only John but also Mike has got a penfriend .
= Both John and Mike have got penfriends .
三：改写句子
通过能够表达同一意义的不同句型、句式、语态的转换，来达到改写句子的目的。具体可分为：
1、复合句改为简单句。含宾语从句的复合句变简单句时，可用不定式改写，将宾语从句中的谓语动词变为不定式。如：
⑨We all agree that we should leave at once .
= We all agree to leave at once .
⑩Could you tell me when we will start ?
= Could you tell me when to start ?
含宾语从句的复合句变简单句时，还可用复合宾语，即宾语加宾语补助语来改写。如：
1. I saw he went into the room just now .
= I saw him go into the room just now .
2. Edison’s mother found that he w as a clever boy .
= Edison’s mother found him clever .
We heard that she was singing in English .
= We heard her singing in English .
2、含状语从句的复合句变简单句时，常用以下方法：以so…that引导的结果状语从句常转换为too …to 或enough to 结构。如：
He is so young that he can’t go to school .
= He is too young to go to school .
= He isn’t old enough to go to school .
另外还可通过结构和语态的转换来改写。如：
I can’t finish the work if you don’t help me .
= I can’t finish the work without your help .
= I c an’t finish the work unless you help me .
We use computers in many ways . = Computers are used in many ways .
3、句型间的转换，要求对能够表达同一意义的常用句型结构了解甚透。如：
It took me two hours to finish my homework .
= I spent two hours in finishing my homework .
If you don’t hurry , you will be late . = Hurry up , or you’ll be late .
4、还可利用词性转换来改写。如：
There was a heavy snow here last night .
= It snowed heavily here last night . Uncle Wang invented the machine .
= Uncle Wang was the inventor of the machine .
同义句转换是句型转换题型中一种非常重要的形式。所谓同义句转换，是指用不同的词汇、短语及句型表示相同或相近的意思。它是中考命题的一大热点。现将常见的同义句转换形式作一归纳，以期对同学们的中考复习有所帮助。
一、用同义词(组)或近义词(组)改写。
1. The children are wearing beautiful clothes.
The children are_________beautiful clothes.
2. Every day,Yao Ming receives E-mails from thousands of basketball fans.
Every day,Yao Ming_________thousands of basketball fans.
3. Mr. Smith is working.
Mr. Smith is__________ __________.
答案：1. in 2. hears from 3. at work
简析：英语中有不少同义、近义词(组)，在平时学习中要注意总结归纳。如：enjoy oneself/have a good time, look after/take care of,difficult/hard, can/be able to,over/more than,receive(get)a letter from/hear from等等。
二、用反义词(组)改写。
4. Chinese is more popular than Japanese.
Japanese is__________popular__________Chinese.
5. The runner couldn't catch up with the others in the race.
The runner_________ __________the others in the race.
6. A computer is more useful than a VCD.
A VCD is not_________useful_________a computer.
