2017年11月CATTI英语二级笔译真题及参考译文(2017-11-08 20:05:12)转载▼
标签：英语翻译英语学习
2017年11月CATTI英语二级笔译真题及参考译文
EC Passage 1
You’ve temporarily misplaced your cell phone and anxiously retrace your steps to try to find it. Or perhaps you never let go of your phone—it's always in your hand, your pocket, or your bag, ready to be answered or consulted at a moment’s notice. When your battery life runs down at the end of the day, you feel that yours is running low as well. New research shows that there’s a psychological reason for such extreme phone dependence: According to the attachment theory, for some of us, our phone serves the same function as the teddy bear we clung to in childhood.
你有过这种经历吗？手机一时放错了地方，忘了在哪，急急忙忙返回寻找；手机从不离身，总是握在手里，揣在兜里或者放在包里，时刻准备回复消息，查找内容。一整天过去了，一旦发现手机没电，简直觉得自己也要没电了。最新研究揭示了极端“手机依赖症”背后的心理动因：根据依恋理论，手机简直成了我们大多数人小时候恋恋不舍的泰迪熊。
Attachment theory proposes that our early life experiences with parents responsible for our well-being, are at the root of our connections to the adults with whom we form close relationships. Importantly, attachment in early life can extend to inanimate objects. Teddy bears, for example, serve as “transitional objects.”The teddy bear, unlike the parent, is always there. We extend our dependence on parents to these animals, and use them to help us move to an independent sense of self.
依恋理论认为，儿童自幼是否在父母的呵护下健康成长，这种相处体验构成了其日后与其他成年人建立亲密关系的基础。更为重要的是，幼年的依恋心理，还可能转移到物体上去，泰迪熊就是一个典型例子。泰迪熊与父母的区别在于，它会一直在陪你身边。儿童把对父母的依赖心理延伸到毛绒玩具身上，由此建立起自我独立意识。
A cell phone has the potential to be a “compensatory attachment”object. Although phones are often castigated for their addictive potential, scientists cite evidence that supports the idea that “healthy, normal adults also report significant emotional attachment to special objects”
手机也可能成为这种“依恋替代品”。尽管手机经常因为致人上瘾而备受诟病，科学家还是援引了相关证据来支持这样一种观点：“身心健康的正常成年人也会对特殊物品产生强烈的情感依恋”。
Indeed, cell phones have become a pervasive feature of our lives: The number of cell phone subscriptions exceeds the total population of the planet. The average amount of mobile or smartphone use in the U.S. is 3.3 hours per day. Phones have distinct advantages. They can be kept by your side and they provide a social connection to the people you care about. Even if you’re not talking to your friends, lover, or family, you can keep their photos close by, read their messages, and follow them on social media. You can track them in real time but also look back on
memorable moments together. These channels help you “feel less alone”.
毫无疑问，手机在生活中无处不在：全球手机用户数量已超过全球总人口。美国人平均每天使用移动电话或智能手机的时间为3.3小时。手机的优点显而易见：可以随身携带，还能方便与自己关心的人保持联系。就算无法与朋友、恋人、家人直接通话，至少手机里的照片、短信能让你觉得他们近在咫尺。你也可以关注他们的社交媒体账号，不仅能实时了解其状态，还能回顾过去与之相处的难忘瞬间。所有这些，都足以让你“不那么孤单”。
EC Passage 2
Many countries have adopted the principle of sustainable development it can combat environment deterioration in air quality, water quality and production in developing countries. Health education serves as a viable role for every member in the world. But some argue that it's a vague idea, some organizations may use it in its own interests, whether environmental or economic is the nature of interests. Others argue that sustainable development in developing countries overlook the local customs, habitude and people.
为应对广大发展中国家所面临的环境恶化问题，保障空气质量、水质和生产安全，许多国家纷纷制定可持续发展战略。实践证明，卫生教育对推动世界各国的发展具有切实可行性。但有人认为，可持续发展的概念不够明晰，沦为部分组织谋取自身利益的工具，置环境或经济负面效应于不顾。还有人认为，发展中国家在实施可持续发展战略过程中，时常忽略民风、民俗和民生问题。
Whereas interdependence is desirable during times of peace, war necessitates competition and independence. Tariffs and importation limits strengthen a country's economic vitality while potentially weakening the economies of its enemies. Moreover, protectionism in the weapons industry is highly desirable during such circumstances because reliance on another state for armaments can be fatal.
在和平年代，各国之间相互依存、共谋发展，战争时期，各国又相互竞争，追求独立。关税和进口限制政策有助于增强本国经济活力，同时削弱敌国的经济增长潜力。再者，战争时期，武器制造行业采取保护主义，可避免对外过度依赖，保护本国免遭受致命打击。
For the most part, economists emphasize the negative effects of protectionism. It reduces international trade and raises prices for consumers. In addition, domestic firms that receive protection have less incentive to innovate. Although free trade puts uncompetitive firms out of business, the displaced workers and resources are ultimately allocated to other areas of the economy.
经济学家多半强调保护主义的负面效应，认为保护主义不仅削弱了国际贸易，还抬升了消费价格。不仅如此，在贸易保护伞下受到恩荫的本土企业往往因此丧失了创新动力。在自由贸易的浪潮下，尽管缺乏竞争力的公司多以破产收场，但因此失业的工人和闲置的资源，依然可以在其他经济领域找到用武之地。
