发生抑郁症的风险因素
- 格式:doc
- 大小:110.50 KB
- 文档页数:7
发生抑郁症的风险因素
————————————————————————————————作者:————————————————————————————————日期:
发生抑郁症的风险因素
一.遗传因素
大约有40-70%的患者有遗传的倾向,因此抑郁症患者的亲属,特别是一级亲属发生抑郁症的危险性明显高于一般人群。
女性发生抑郁症的遗传倾向高于男性。
二.性别因素
在成人女性患病比男性高,比例约为2:1
对于儿童来说,男性儿童的患病率略高于女性,因此儿童期的男孩更值得注意
三.儿童期的经历
儿童期双亲的丧失。
儿童期缺乏双亲的关爱。
儿童期受到虐待,特别是性虐待。
儿童期的其它经历,例如由于各种原因失去朋友或不能与成年人保持正常的关系和进行正常的交流。
四.人格因素
较为明显的焦虑、强迫、冲动等特征的个体成为发生抑郁综合征或抑郁症的易患个体
具体表现为:
①过分疑虑及谨慎力求完美
②道德感过强
③过分看重工作成效而不顾乐趣和人际关系
④出于维护躯体安全感的需要,在生活风格上有许多限制;或回避那些与人密切交往的社交或职业活动等。
五.社会环境
婚姻状况的不满意(离异或、分居或丧偶的个体发生抑郁症的危险性明显高于婚姻状况良好者,其中男性更为突出)。
①人际关系紧张
②经济状况
③重要丧失,重大生活事件,特别是持续时间在2-3个月以上的生活事件,对个体抑郁症的发生构成重要的影响。
六.躯体疾病
慢性中枢神经系统疾病(如帕金森氏病癫痫)
慢性躯体疾病(如心肌梗塞、糖尿病、甲减、恶性肿瘤等)
Many people simplywant to know what thecause of depression is. Ifyou aredealing withdepression, you probably would alsolike to know what causes it,too. There aremany different reasons why someone mayhave boutsof depression. Itisimpossible topinpoint one specific reasonand label it thecauseof depression.
很多人就想知道抑郁症的原因是什么。如果你正在处理抑郁症,你可能也想知道是什么原因导致它,太。原因有许多不同的人可能有抑郁症发作。是不可能确定一个具体的原因和标签,抑郁的原因。
Biologicalvulnerability is one cause of depression.Somedepressionscanrun infamilies. For instance, bipolar depression and majordepression seems to run in families.Studies have been done which showthat individuals who have bipolardisorderin each generationof their family have adifferent genetic makeup than individualswho do not sufferfrom bipolardepression. However, it is important to note thatnot every pers on that has the genetic makeup thatwould makethem vulnerableto bipolar depression will develop it.However,there arepeople who develop depression who have no family history of the depression. So, sufficeit to say that whilebiological factors can be one cause of depression,it is not theonly thingthat could be the cause of depression.
生物的弱点是造成抑郁的原因之一。一些抑郁症可以运行在家庭。例如,双相抑郁和抑郁症似乎运行在家庭。研究已经完成,显示个人双相情感障碍在每一代的家庭有不同的基因构成比那些不患有双相抑郁。然而,重要的是要注意,并不是每个人的基因构成,会使他们容易受到双相抑郁将开发它。然而,有些人患上抑郁症没有家族史的萧条。所以,我只想说,虽然生物因素可以造成抑郁症的原因之一,并不是唯一可能是抑郁症的原因。
People whoare vulnerableto depression seemto havea variety of psycho logical factors involved. Individuals who have a low self-esteem,who arepessimisticandwho suffer from anxiety andstress seemtobe more proneto having bouts of depression. Aperson'senvironmentcan alsohave much to do withthe cause of depression. Ifan individualgrows up in a home where discouragement is the normand pessimism reign s,the person may bevulnerable to depression.
人容易受到抑郁症似乎各种心理因素。人有自卑,悲观和患有焦虑和压力似乎更倾向于在抑郁症发作。一个人的环境也可以与抑郁的原因。如果一个人在这样的家庭环境里长大的挫折是很正常的和悲观主义盛行,可能容易受到抑郁症的人。
It should be noted thatlife can be the cause of depression. Ifyou haveexperiencedthe deathof a lovedone, gone through a chronic illness, have work problems, a familycrisis orproblems with yourfinances, you maybe vulnerableto becoming depressed. All of these scenarioscan triggerdepression,especially for someonewho may have biologicalor p