- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Physical Examination 基本检查方法
2020/10/11
1
What is physical examination?
• It is a fundamental examining method, it is proceeded by the sense organs such as eyes, ears, nose and hands or simple tools – stethoscope and plexor.
7.facial expression 表情 8.complexion 面容
2020/10/11
5
无力型（瘦长型） 正力型（匀称型） 超力型（矮胖型）
2020/10/11
6
Inspection
1. pallor 2. exophthalmus 3. Cyanosis (lips) 4. moon face 5. spider angioma 6. barrel chest 7. Gastric type 8. Abdomenal
2020/10/11
2
The basic methods of physical examination
1. inspection 视诊 2. palpation 触诊 3. percussion 叩诊 4. auscultation 听诊 5. olfactory examination 嗅诊
2020/10/11
2020/10/11
12
Deep Palpation
• Deep Palpation
1. deep slipping palpation ---deep mass 2. bimanual palpation --- liver, spleen,
kidney 3. deep press palpation ---tenderness point
18
Percussion methods
• There are two methods that may be used for percussion
children
2020/10/11
7
palpation
2020/10/11
8
Palpation
• Mainly used in abdominal examination mass:
1. location 部位 3. contour 边缘 5. mobility 活动度 7. pulsation 波动感
2. size 大小 4. consistency 质地/边界 6. tenderness 压痛
2020/10/11
9
Palpation
2020/10/11
10
The methods of palpation
• Light palpation 浅部触诊法
• Deep Palpation 深部触诊法
3
Inspection
2020/10/11
4
Inspection
Includes a general view of the patient’s
1.mental status 意识状态 2.development 发育
3.nutrition 营养
4. posture 体位
5.body movement 姿势 6.gait 步态
respiratory movement
1. anemia 2. Hyperthyroidism 3. mitral face 4. cushing syndrome 5. liver cirrhosis 6. pulmonary emphysema 7. pylorus obstruction 8. Normal，men，
tenderness point
2020/10/11
15
Deep Palpation
• Cholecystic point : Murphy’s sign • Appendix point: McBurney point
acute appendicitis • Rebound tenderness：acute peritonitis • Ballottement：冲击
liver enlargement, splenomegaly with massive ascites
2020/ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ0/11
16
Notice:
1. Patient in supine position 仰卧位 2. Ask patient flex his thighs and knees 放松、屈膝 3. Tell patient relax his abdomenal muscles 腹部放
2020/10/11
17
Percussion
1. lungs ---margin 界 2. heart ---size and shape 大小、形状 3. liver ---upper margin 上界 4. Ascites 腹水 ---shifting dullness 移动
浊音
2020/10/11
1. deep slipping palpation 深部滑行触诊
2. bimanual palpation 双手触诊法
3. deep press palpation 深压触诊法
4. ballottement
冲击触诊法
2020/10/11
11
The methods of palpation
• light palpation 浅部触诊法 abdominal muscle tensity abdominal tenderness
松
4. Doctor stands at the right side of patient 站右侧
5. Warm hand, use your palmar aspect of finger, examining gently and lightly, from superficial to deep.手脑并用
2020/10/11
13
bimanual palpation liver and spleen
2020/10/11
14
Deep press palpation tenderness point
Cholecystic point : Murphy’s sign Acute cholecystitis
