1996年考研英语真题超详解

96年英语二考研真题答案1996年的英语二考研真题是一道经典的题目，它既考察了考生的语法和词汇掌握能力，又考查了考生的阅读理解和写作能力。

本文将从不同角度对这道题目进行分析和解答。

首先，让我们来看一下这道题目的具体内容。

题目要求考生根据所给的短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案。

短文主要讲述了一个关于生活方式的故事，故事中的主人公通过改变自己的生活方式，最终取得了成功。

接下来，我们将从语法、词汇、阅读理解和写作能力等方面对这道题目进行分析。

首先，从语法和词汇角度来看，这道题目涉及了一些常见的语法和词汇知识点，如时态、语态、虚拟语气等。

考生需要对这些知识点有一定的掌握，并能够准确地运用到实际的语境中。

在解答这道题目时，考生需要仔细阅读短文，理解每个句子的意思，并根据上下文的语境来选择正确的答案。

其次，从阅读理解的角度来看，这道题目要求考生能够理解并归纳短文的主要内容和作者的观点。

考生需要通过阅读短文，抓住关键信息，理清文章的逻辑关系，并能够准确地回答问题。

在解答这道题目时，考生可以通过划线、做笔记等方式来帮助自己更好地理解和归纳文章的内容。

最后，从写作能力的角度来看，这道题目要求考生能够根据所给的短文内容，写一篇关于生活方式的短文。

考生需要运用自己的语言表达能力，将短文中的观点和思想进行适当的拓展和发挥。

在解答这道题目时，考生可以通过举例、列举论据等方式来支持自己的观点，并尽量做到语言流畅、逻辑清晰。

综上所述，这道1996年英语二考研真题是一道综合性较强的题目，它既考察了考生的语法和词汇掌握能力，又考查了考生的阅读理解和写作能力。

对于考生来说，解答这道题目需要综合运用各种语言能力，同时也需要具备一定的思维能力和表达能力。

通过解答这道题目，考生可以提高自己的英语综合能力，为考研英语的学习打下坚实的基础。

1996 Passage 5Rumor has it that more than 20 books on creationism/evolution are in the publisher's pipelines. A few have already appeared. The goal of all will be to try to explain to a confused and often unenlightened citizenry that there are not two equally valid scientific theories for the origin and evolution of universe and life. Cosmology, geology, and biology have provided a consistent, unified, and constantly improving account of what happened. "Scientific" creationism, which is being pushed by some for "equal time" in the classrooms whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are given, is based on religion, not science. Virtually all scientists and the majority of non-fundamentalist religious leaders have come to regard "scientific" creationism as bad science and bad religion.The first four chapters of Kitcher's book give a very brief introduction to evolution. At appropriate places, he introduces the criticisms of the creationists and provides answers. In the last three chapters, he takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating. He describes their programmes and tactics, and, for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists, the extent of their deception and distortion may come as an unpleasant surprise. When their basic motivation is religious, one might have expected more Christian behavior.Kitcher is philosopher, and this may account, in part, for the clarity and effectiveness of his arguments. The non-specialist will be able to obtain at least a notion of the sorts of data and argument that support evolutionary theory. The final chapter on the creationists will be extremely clear to all. On the dust jacket of this fine book, Stephen Jay Gould says: "This book stands for reason itself." And so it does — and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.67. "Creationism" in the passage refers to ________.[A] evolution in its true sense as to the origin of the universe[B] a notion of the creation of religion[C] the scientific explanation of the earth formation[D] the deceptive theory about the origin of the universe68. Kitcher's book is intended to ________.[A] recommend the views of the evolutionists[B] expose the true features of creationists[C] curse bitterly at this opponents[D] launch a surprise attack on creationists69. From the passage we can infer that ________.[A] reasoning has played a decisive role in the debate[B] creationists do not base their argument on reasoning[C] evolutionary theory is too difficult for non-specialists[D] creationism is supported by scientific findings70. This passage appears to be a digest of ________.[A] a book review[B] a scientific paper[C] a magazine feature[D] a newspaper editorial重点词汇：pipeline （管道；流水线）←pipe+line。

20XX年复习资料大学复习资料专业：班级：科目老师：日期：20XXXX0XX6年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Structure and VocabularyPart ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (5 points)1. Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records are often________, or better than an actual performance.[A] as good as[B] as good[C] good[D] good as2. My pain ________ apparent the moment I walked into the room, forthe first man I met asked sympathetically: “Are you feeling all right?”[A] must be[B] had[C] must have been[D] had to be3. The senior librarian at the circulation desk promised to get thebook for me ________ she could remember who last borrowed it.[A] ever since[B] much as[C] even though[D] if only4. Observations were made ________ the children at the beginningand at the end of preschool and first grade.[A] towards[B] of[C] on[D] with5. The article opens and closes with descriptions of two newsreports, each ________ one major point in contrast with the other.[A] makes[B] made[C] is to make[D] making6. A safety analysis ________ the target as a potential danger.Unfortunately, it was never done.[A] would identify[B] will identify[C] would have identified[D] will have identified7. The number of registered participants in this yea r’s marathonwas half ________.[A] of last year’s[B] those of last year’s[C] of those of last year's[D] that of last year’s8. For there ________ successful communication, there must beattentiveness and involvement in the discussion itself by all present.[A] is[B] to be[C] will be[D] being9. There was a very interesting remark in a book by an Englishmanthat I read recently ________ what he thought was a reason for this American characteristic.[A] giving[B] gave[C] to give[D] given20XXXX. No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything ________ going on in the world.[A] it is[B] as is[C] there is[D] what isPart BDirections:Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points)20XXXX. I’d rather you 错误! by train, because I 错误! the idea of 错误! in an airplane in 错误! bad weather.20XXXX. It’s essential that people 错误!错误! able to resist the impact 错误! by the transition from 错误! economy to market economy.20XXXX. Some bosses dislike 错误! people 错误! their responsibilities; they keep 错误! important matters 错误! in their own hands.20XXXX. Each cigarette which a person smokes 错误!错误! harm, and eventually 错误! may get a serious disease from 错误! effect. 20XXXX. 错误!, ambitious students 错误! to succeed in their studies than 错误!错误! little ambition.20XXXX. 错误! much research, there are still certain elements 错误!the life cycle of the insect that 错误! not fully 错误!.20XXXX. In 20XXXX21 Einstein won the Nobel Prize, and 错误! in Germany until 错误! of Nazism 错误! he was driven 错误! Germany because he was a Jew.20XXXX. The data 错误! from the 错误! whirling around Mars 错误!that there is much evidence that huge thunderstorms 错误! about the equator of the planet.20XXXX. Generally speaking, the bird flying 错误! our path is observed, and 错误! staying on the tree near 错误! is passed by without any notice 错误! of it.20XX. Mercury’s velocity is 错误! greater than 错误! that it completes more than four revolutions around the Sun in the time 错误! takes the Earth to complete 错误!.Part CDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (20XXXX points)21. I was speaking to Ann on the phone when suddenly we were ________.[A] hung up[B] hung back[C] cut down[D] cut off22. She wondered if she could have the opportunity to spend ________here so that she could learn more about the city.[A] sometimes[B] some time[C] sometime[D] some times23. Ms. Green has been living in town for only one year, yet she seemsto be ________ with everyone who comes to the store.[A] accepted[B] admitted[C] admired[D] acquainted24. He does not ________ as a teacher of English as his pronunciationis terrible.[A] equal[B] match[C] qualify[D] fit25. Dozens of scientific groups all over the world have been ________the goal of a practical and economic way to use sunlight to split water molecules.[A] pursuing[B] chasing[C] reaching[D] winning26. The discussion was so prolonged and exhausting that ________ thespeakers stopped for refreshments.[A] at large[B] at intervals[C] at ease[D] at random27. When travelling, you are advised to take travellers’ checks,which provide a secure ________ to carrying your money in cash.[A] substitute[B] selection[C] preference[D] alternative28. I never trusted him because I always thought of him as such a________ character.[A] gracious[B] suspicious[C] unique[D] particular29. Changing from solid to liquid, water takes in heat from allsubstances near it, and this ________ produces artificial cold surrounding it.[A] absorption[B] transition[C] consumption[D] interaction30. I didn’t say anything like that at all. You are purposely________ my ideas to prove your point.[A] revising[B] contradicting[C] distorting[D] distracting31. Language, culture, and personality may be considered ________of each other in thought, but they are inseparable in fact.[A] indistinctly[B] separately[C] irrelevantly[D] independently32. Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn, the Irishmilkmaid fought hard to ________ her laughter.[A] hold back[B] hold on[C] hold out[D] hold up33. The manager gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her________ attitude toward customers.[A] impartial[B] mild[C] hostile[D] opposing34. I ________ with thanks the help of my colleagues in thepreparation of this new column.[A] express[B] confess[C] verify[D] acknowledge35. It is strictly ________ that access to confidential documentsis denied to all but a few.[A] secured[B] forbidden[C] regulated[D] determined36. The pollution question as well as several other issues is goingto be discussed when the Congress is in ________ again next spring.[A] assembly[B] session[C] conference[D] convention37. Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebrated on December25th ________ the birth of Jesus Christ.[A] in accordance with[B] in terms of[C] in favor of[D] in honor of38. Since it is too late to change my mind now, I am ________ tocarrying out the plan.[A] obliged[B] committed[C] engaged[D] resolved39. It was a bold idea to build a power station in the deep valley,but it ________ as well as we had hoped.[A] came off[B] went off[C] brought out[D] made out40. To survive in the intense trade competition between countries,we must ________ the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world-market demand.[A] improve[B] enhanced[C] guarantee[D] gearSection II Cloze TestDirections:For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (20XXXX points)Vitamins are organic compounds necessary in small amounts in the diet for the normal growth and maintenance of life of animals, including man.They do not provide energy, 41 do they construct or build any part of the body. They are needed for 42 foods into energy and body maintenance. There are thirteen or more of them, and if 43 is missing a deficiency disease becomes 44.Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements -- usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and 45 nitrogen. They are different 46 their elements are arranged differently, and each vitamin 47 one or more specific functions in the body.48 enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for 49 vitamins. Many people, 50, believe in being on the “safe side” and thus take extra vitamins. However,a well-balanced diet will usually meet all the body’s vitamin needs.41. [A] either[B] so[C] nor[D] never42. [A] shifting[B] transferring[C] altering[D] transforming43. [A] any[B] some[C] anything[D] something44. [A] serious[B] apparent[C] severe[D] fatal45. [A] mostly[B] partially[C] sometimes[D] rarely46. [A] in that[B] so that[C] such that[D] except that47. [A] undertakes[B] holds[C] plays[D] performs48. [A] Supplying[B] Getting[C] Providing[D] Furnishing49. [A] exceptional[B] exceeding[C] excess[D] external50. [A] nevertheless[B] therefore[C] moreover[D] meanwhileSection III Reading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points)Text 1Tight-lipped elders used to say, “It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.”Psychology teaches that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the right things.You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living. If we intend to have friends to dinner, we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook first, and such planning is an essential for any type of meal to be served.Likewise, if you want to find a job, take a sheet of paper, and write a brief account of yourself. In making a blueprint for a job, begin with yourself, for when you know exactly what you have to offer,you can intelligently plan where to sell your services.This account of yourself is actually a sketch of your working life and should include education, experience and references. Such an account is valuable. It can be referred to in filling out standard application blanks and is extremely helpful in personal interviews. While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications, will pay him to employ you and your “wa r es” and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something tangible to sell. Then you are ready to hunt for a job. Get all the possible information about your could-be job. Make inquiries as to the details regarding the job and the firm. Keep your eyes and ears open, and use your own judgment. Spend a certain amount of time each day seeking the employment you wish for, and keep in mind: Securing a job is your job now.51. What do the elders mean when they say, “It’s not what you wantin this world, but what you get.”?[A] You’ll certainly get what you want.[B] It’s no use dreaming.[C] You should be dissatisfied with what you have.[D] It’s essential to set a goal for yourself.52. A blueprint made before inviting a friend to dinner is used inthis passage as ________.[A] an illustration of how to write an application for a job[B] an indication of how to secure a good job[C] a guideline for job description[D] a principle for job evaluation53. According to the passage, one must write an account of himselfbefore starting to find a job because ________.[A] that is the first step to please the employer[B] that is the requirement of the employer[C] it enables him to know when to sell his services[D] it forces him to become clearly aware of himself54. When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilitiesand desires, you have something ________.[A] definite to offer[B] imaginary to provide[C] practical to supply[D] desirable to presentText 2With the start of BBC World Service Television, millions of viewers in Asia and America can now watch the Corporation’s news coverage, as well as listen to it.And of course in Britain listeners and viewers can tune in to two BBC television channels, five BBC national radio services and dozens of local radio stations. They are brought sport, comedy, drama, music, news and current affairs, education, religion, parliamentary coverage, children’s pr ogrammes and films for an annual license fee of ￡83 per household.It is a remarkable record, stretching back over 70 years -- yet the BBC’s future is now in doubt. The Corporation will survive as a publicly-funded broadcasting organization, at least for the time being, but its role, its size and its programmes are now the subject of a nation-wide debate in Britain.The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC -- including ordinary listeners and viewers -- to say what was good or bad about the Corporation, and even whetherthey thought it was worth keeping. The reason for its inquiry is that the BBC’s royal charter runs out in 20XXXX0XX6 and it must decide whether to keep the organization as it is, or to make changes.Defenders of the Corporation -- of whom there are many -- are fond of quoting the American slogan “If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it.” The BBC “ain’t broke,” they say, by which they mean it is not broken (as distinct from the word ‘broke’, meaning having no money), so why bother to change it?Yet the BBC will have to change, because the broadcasting world around it is changing. The commercial TV channels –ITV and Channel 4 -- were required by the Thatcher Government’s Broadcasting Act to become more commercial, competing with each other for advertisers, and cutting costs and jobs. But it is the arrival of new satellite channels -- funded partly by advertising and partly by viewers’ subscriptions -- which will bring about the biggest changes in the long term.55. The world famous BBC now faces ________.[A] the problem of new coverage[B] an uncertain prospect[C] inquiries by the general public[D] shrinkage of audience56. In the passage, which of the following about the BBC is NOTmentioned as the key issue?[A] Extension of its TV service to Far East.[B] Programmes as the subject of a nation-wide debate.[C] Potentials for further international cooperations.[D] Its existence as a broadcasting organization.57. The BBC’s “royal charter” (L ine 4, Paragraph 4) stands for________.[A] the financial support from the royal family[B] the privileges granted by the Queen[C] a contract with the Queen[D] a unique relationship with the royal family58. The foremost reason why the BBC has to readjust itself is no otherthan ________.[A] the emergence of commercial TV channels[B] the enforcement of Broadcasting Act by the government[C] the urgent necessity to reduce costs and jobs[D] the challenge of new satellite channelsText 3In the last half of the nineteenth century “capital” and “labour” were enlarging and perfecting their rival organizations on modern lines. Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders. It was moreover a step away from individual initiative, towards collectivism and municipal and state-owned business. The railway companies, though still private business managed for the benefit of shareholders, were very unlike old family business. At the same time the great municipalities went into business to supply lighting, trams and other services to the taxpayers.The growth of the limited liability company and municipal business had important consequences. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land andthe duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business. All through the nineteenth century, America, Africa, India, Australia and parts of Europe were being developed by British capital, and British shareholders were thus enriched by the world’s movement towards industrialization. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large “comfo rt able” classes who had retired on their incomes, a nd who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders’ meeting to dictate their orders to the management. On the other hand “shareholding” meant leisure and freedom which was used by many of the later Victorians for the highest purpose of a great civilization.The “shareholders” as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away. Indeed the mere size of operationsand the numbers of workmen involved rendered such personal relations impossible. Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organization of the trade unions, at least in all skilled trades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the companies who employed them. The cruel discipline of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to respect each other’s strength and understand the value of fair negotiation.59. It’s true of the old family fi rms that ________.[A] they were spoiled by the younger generations[B] they failed for lack of individual initiative[C] they lacked efficiency compared with modern companies[D] they could supply adequate services to the taxpayers60. The growth of limited liability companies resulted in ________.[A] the separation of capital from management[B] the ownership of capital by managers[C] the emergence of capital and labour as two classes[D] the participation of shareholders in municipal business61. According to the passage, all of the following are true EXCEPTthat ________.[A] the shareholders were unaware of the needs of the workers[B] the old firm owners had a better understanding of theirworkers[C] the limited liability companies were too large to runsmoothly[D] the trade unions seemed to play a positive role62. The author is most critical of ________.[A] family film owners[B] landowners[C] managers[D] shareholdersText 4What accounts for the great outburst of major inventions in early America -- breakthroughs such as the telegraph, the steamboat and the weaving machine?Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country’s excellent elementary schools: a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal, “spatial” thinking aboutthings technological.Why mention the elementary schools? Because thanks to these schools our early mechanics, especially in the New England and Middle Atlantic states, were generally literate and at home in arithmetic and in some aspects of geometry and trigonometry.Acute foreign observers related American adaptiveness and inventiveness to this educational advantage. As a member of a British commission visiting here in 20XXXX53 reported, “With a mind prepared by thorough school discipline, the American boy develops rapidly into the skilled workman.”A further stimulus to invention came from the “premium” system, which preceded our patent system and for years ran parallel with it. This approach, originated abroad, offered inventors medals, cash prizes and other incentives.In the United States, multitudes of premiums for new devices were awarded at country fairs and at the industrial fairs in major cities. Americans flocked to these fairs to admire the new machines and thus to renew their faith in the beneficence of technological advance.Given this optimistic approach to technological innovation, the American worker took readily to that special kind of nonverbal thinking required in mechanical technology. As Eugene Ferguson haspointed out, “A technologist thinks about objects that cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions: they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal process... The designer and the inventor... are able to assemble and manipulate in their minds devices that as yet do not exist.”This nonverbal “spatial” thinking can be just as creative as painting and writing. Rober t Fulton once wrote, “The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheels, etc., like a poet among the letters of the alphabet, considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea.”When all these shaping forces -- schools, open attitudes, the premium system, a genius for spatial thinking -- interacted with one another on the rich U.S. mainland, they produced that American characteristic, emulation. Today that word implies mere imitation. But in earlier times it meant a friendly but competitive striving for fame and excellence.63. According to the author, the great outburst of major inventionsin early America was in a large part due to ________.[A] elementary schools[B] enthusiastic workers[C] the attractive premium system[D] a special way of thinking64. It is implied that adaptiveness and inventiveness of the earlyAmerican mechanics ________.[A] benefited a lot from their mathematical knowledge[B] shed light on disciplined school management[C] was brought about by privileged home training[D] owed a lot to the technological development65. A technologist can be compared to an artist because ________.[A] they are both winners of awards[B] they are both experts in spatial thinking[C] they both abandon verbal description[D] they both use various instruments66. The best title for this passage might be ________.[A] Inventive Mind[B] Effective Schooling[B] Ways of Thinking[D] Outpouring of InventionsText 5Rumor has it that more than 20XX books on creationism/evolution are in the publisher’s pipelines. A few have already appeared. The goal of all will be to try to explain to a confused and often unenlightened citizenry that there are not two equally valid scientific theories for the origin and evolution of universe and life. Cosmology, geology, and biology have provided a consistent, unified, and constantly improving account of what happened. “Scientific” creationism, which is being pushed by some for “equal time” in the classrooms whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are given, is based on religion, not science. Virtually all scientists and the majority of non-fundamentalist religious leaders have come to regard “scientific” creationism as bad scienc e and bad religion.The first four chapters of Kitcher’s book give a very brief introduction to evolution. At appropriate places, he introduces the criticisms of the creationists and provides answers. In the last three chapters, he takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating. He describes their programmes and tactics, and, for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists, the extent of their deception and distortion may come as an unpleasant surprise. When their basic motivation is religious, one might have expected moreChristian behavior.Kitcher is a philosopher, and this may account, in part, for the clarity and effectiveness of his arguments. The non-specialist will be able to obtain at least a notion of the sorts of data and argument that support evolutionary theory. The final chapter on the creationists will be extremely clear to all. On the dust jacket of this fine book, Stephen Jay Gould says: “This book stands for reason itself.” And so it does -- and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.67. “Creationism” in the passage refers to ________.[A] evolution in its true sense as to the origin of the universe[B] a notion of the creation of religion[C] the scientific explanation of the earth formation[D] the deceptive theory about the origin of the universe68. Kitcher’s book is intended to ________.[A] recommend the views of the evolutionists[B] expose the true features of creationists[C] curse bitterly at this opponents[D] launch a surprise attack on creationists69. From the passage we can infer that ________.[A] reasoning has played a decisive role in the debate[B] creationists do not base their argument on reasoning[C] evolutionary theory is too difficult for non-specialists[D] creationism is supported by scientific findings70. This passage appears to be a digest of ________.[A] a book review[B] a scientific paper[C] a magazine feature[D] a newspaper editorialSection IV English-Chinese TranslationDirections:Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20XXXX points)The differences in relative growth of various areas of scientific research have several causes. 71) Some of these causes are completely reasonable results of social needs. Others are reasonable consequences of particular advances in science being to some extentself-accelerating. Some, however, are less reasonable processes of different growth in which preconception of the form scientific theory ought to take, by persons in authority, act to alter the growth pattern of different areas. This is a new problem probably not yet unavoidable; but it is a frightening trend. 72) This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail. It can be predicted, however, that from time to time, questions will arise which will require specific scientific answers. It is therefore generally valuable to treat the scientific establishment as a resource or machine to be kept in functional order.73) This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future.This kind of support, like all government support, requires decisions about the appropriate recipients of funds. Decisions based on utility as opposed to lack of utility are straightforward. But a decision among projects none of which has immediate utility is more difficult. The goal of the supporting agencies is the praisable one of supporting “good” as opposed to “bad” science, but a valid。

96年试题精解Part ⅠCloze Test一、文章总体分析本文是一篇介绍维生素的科普性小短文。

文章首段对维生素下定义。

第二段介绍了维生素的两大功能：将食物转化成能量和维持身体健康。

第三段介绍了各种维生素的异同：基本组成元素相同，但排列方式不同，并且各自承担一到多种特殊功能。

第四段指出：不需要获取过量的维生素，均衡的饮食通常就可以完全满足身体对它们的需求了。

二、试题具体解析1.［A］either ［B］so ［C］nor ［D］never［精解］本题考核的知识点是：否定倒装句的连词。

空格前文讲到维生素不能提供能量，是一个否定句；后文讲到它们构建身体的任何部分，是倒装句，因此选项必须既能引导倒装句，又能与前面的否定相呼应。

四个选项中，either表示“也”，可以用在否定句中，但一般放在句尾，例如：She didn’t go there, either（她也不去）；so 可以引导倒装句，但它用在肯定句中，表示“也”，如：They can leave now, so can we.（他们现在可以离开了，我们也能）。

nor也可以引导倒装句，并可用在否定句中，构成not...nor...（既不…也不…）固定结构，如：You can’t do it, nor can I.（你不能做这件事，我也不能）；never也可以引导倒装句，表示否定，但它必须放在句首，如：Never in my life have I heard such nonsense.（我一辈子都没听说过这样的无稽之谈）。

综合以上因素，C为正确选项。

2.［A］shifting替换，转移［B］transferring迁移，移动，传递［C］altering改变，变动［D］transforming转换，改变［精解］本题考核的知识点是：习惯搭配+ 动词词义辨析。

空格所在句子的含义是“需要维生素将食物2为能量，以维持身体的健康”。

空格填入的分词需和into搭配，并符合文意。

1996年全国考研英语真题Section I Structure and V ocabularyPart ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (5 points)1. Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records are often ________, or betterthan an actual performance.[A] as good as[B] as good[C] good[D] good as2. My pain ________ apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the firstman I met asked sympathetically: “Are you feeling all right?”[A] must be[B] had[C] must have been[D] had to be3. The senior librarian at the circulation desk promised to get the book for me________ she could remember who last borrowed it.[A] ever since[B] much as[C] even though[D] if only4. Observations were made ________ the children at the beginning and at the endof preschool and first grade.[A] towards[B] of[C] on[D] with5. The article opens and closes with descriptions of two news reports, each________ one major point in contrast with the other.[A] makes[B] made[C] is to make[D] making6. A safety analysis ________ the target as a potential danger. Unfortunately, itwas never done.[A] would identify[B] will identify[C] would have identified[D] will have identified7. The number of registered participants in this year’s marathon was half________.[A] of last year’s[B] those of last year’s[C] of those of last year's[D] that of last year’s8. For there ________ successful communication, there must be attentiveness andinvolvement in the discussion itself by all present.[A] is[B] to be[C] will be[D] being9. There was a very interesting remark in a book by an Englishman that I readrecently ________ what he thought was a reason for this American characteristic.[A] giving[B] gave[C] to give[D] given10. No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything ________going on in the world.[A] it is[B] as is[C] there is[D] what isPart BDirections:Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points)11. I’d rather you would goA by train, because I can’t bearBthe idea of your beingCin an airplane in suchDbad weather.12. It’s essential that people beA psychologicalBable to resist the impactbrought aboutC by the transition from plannedDeconomy to market economy.13. Some bosses dislike to allowA people to shareBtheir responsibilities; they keepall C important matters tightlyDin their own hands.14. Each cigarette which a person smokes doesA someBharm, and eventually youCmay get a serious disease from itsDeffect.15. On the wholeA , ambitious students are much likelyBto succeed in their studiesthan are thoseC withDlittle ambition.16. DespiteA much research, there are still certain elements inBthe life cycle of theinsect that isC not fully understoodD.17. In 1921 Einstein won the Nobel Prize, and was honoredAin Germany untilthe riseB of Nazism thenChe was driven fromDGermany because he was a Jew.18. The data receivedA from the two spacecraftsBwhirling around Mars indicateCthat there is much evidence that huge thunderstorms are occurringDabout the equator of the planet.19. Generally speaking, the bird flying acrossA our path is observed, and the oneBstaying on the tree near at handC is passed by without any notice takingDof it.20. Mercury’s velocity is so muchA greater than the Earth’sBthat it completes morethan four revolutions around the Sun in the time thatCtakes the Earth tocomplete oneD.Part CDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)21. I was speaking to Ann on the phone when suddenly we were ________.[A] hung up[B] hung back[C] cut down[D] cut off22. She wondered if she could have the opportunity to spend ________ here so thatshe could learn more about the city.[A] sometimes[B] some time[C] sometime[D] some times23. Ms. Green has been living in town for only one year, yet she seems to be________ with everyone who comes to the store.[A] accepted[B] admitted[C] admired[D] acquainted24. He does not ________ as a teacher of English as his pronunciation is terrible.[A] equal[B] match[C] qualify[D] fit25. Dozens of scientific groups all over the world have been ________ the goal of apractical and economic way to use sunlight to split water molecules.[A] pursuing[B] chasing[C] reaching[D] winning26. The discussion was so prolonged and exhausting that ________ the speakersstopped for refreshments.[A] at large[B] at intervals[C] at ease[D] at random27. When travelling, you are advised to take travellers’ checks, which provide asecure ________ to carrying your money in cash.[A] substitute[B] selection[C] preference[D] alternative28. I never trusted him because I always thought of him as such a ________character.[A] gracious[B] suspicious[C] unique[D] particular29. Changing from solid to liquid, water takes in heat from all substances near it,and this ________ produces artificial cold surrounding it.[A] absorption[B] transition[C] consumption[D] interaction30. I didn’t say anything like that at all. You are purposely ________ my ideas toprove your point.[A] revising[B] contradicting[C] distorting[D] distracting31. Language, culture, and personality may be considered ________ of each otherin thought, but they are inseparable in fact.[A] indistinctly[B] separately[C] irrelevantly[D] independently32. Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn, the Irish milkmaid foughthard to ________ her laughter.[A] hold back[B] hold on[C] hold out[D] hold up33. The manager gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her ________attitude toward customers.[A] impartial[B] mild[C] hostile[D] opposing34. I ________ with thanks the help of my colleagues in the preparation of this newcolumn.[A] express[B] confess[C] verify[D] acknowledge35. It is strictly ________ that access to confidential documents is denied to all buta few.[A] secured[B] forbidden[C] regulated[D] determined36. The pollution question as well as several other issues is going to be discussedwhen the Congress is in ________ again next spring.[A] assembly[B] session[C] conference[D] convention37. Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebrated on December 25th________ the birth of Jesus Christ.[A] in accordance with[B] in terms of[C] in favor of[D] in honor of38. Since it is too late to change my mind now, I am ________ to carrying out theplan.[A] obliged[B] committed[C] engaged[D] resolved39. It was a bold idea to build a power station in the deep valley, but it ________ aswell as we had hoped.[A] came off[B] went off[C] brought out[D] made out40. To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must________ the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world-market demand.[A] improve[B] enhanced[C] guarantee[D] gearSection II Cloze TestDirections:For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)Vitamins are organic compounds necessary in small amounts in the diet for the normal growth and maintenance of life of animals, including man.They do not provide energy, 41do they construct or build any part of the body. They are needed for 42foods into energy and body maintenance. There are thirteen or more of them, and if 43is missing a deficiency disease becomes 44.Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements -- usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and 45nitrogen. They are different 46 their elements are arranged differently, and each vitamin 47one or more specific functions in the body.48enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has nonutritional use for 49vitamins. Many people, 50, believe in being on the “safe side” and thus take extra vitami ns. However, a well-balanced diet will usually meet all the body’s vitamin needs.41. [A] either[B] so[C] nor[D] never42. [A] shifting[B] transferring[C] altering[D] transforming43. [A] any[B] some[C] anything[D] something44. [A] serious[B] apparent[C] severe[D] fatal45. [A] mostly[B] partially[C] sometimes[D] rarely46. [A] in that[B] so that[C] such that[D] except that47. [A] undertakes[B] holds[C] plays[D] performs48. [A] Supplying[B] Getting[C] Providing[D] Furnishing49. [A] exceptional[B] exceeding[C] excess[D] external50. [A] nevertheless[B] therefore[C] moreover[D] meanwhileSection III Reading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points)Text 1Tight-lipped elders used to say, “It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.”Psychology teaches that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the right things.You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living. If we intend to have friends to dinner, we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook first, and such planning is an essential for any type of meal to be served.Likewise, if you want to find a job, take a sheet of paper, and write a brief account of yourself. In making a blueprint for a job, begin with yourself, for when you know exactly what you have to offer, you can intelligently plan where to sell your services.This account of yourself is actually a sketch of your working life and should include education, experience and references. Such an account is valuable. It can be referred to in filling out standard application blanks and is extremely helpful in personal interviews. While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications, will pay him to employ you and your “wares” and abilit ies must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something tangible to sell. Then you are ready to hunt for a job. Get all the possible information about your could-be job. Make inquiries as to the details regarding the job and the firm. Keep your eyes and ears open, and use your own judgment. Spend a certain amount of time each day seeking the employment you wish for, and keep in mind: Securing a job is your job now.51. What do the elders mean when they say, “It’s not what you want in this world,but what you get.”?[A] You’ll certainly get what you want.[B] It’s no use dreaming.[C] You should be dissatisfied with what you have.[D] It’s essential to set a goal for yourself.52. A blueprint made before inviting a friend to dinner is used in this passage as________.[A] an illustration of how to write an application for a job[B] an indication of how to secure a good job[C] a guideline for job description[D] a principle for job evaluation53. According to the passage, one must write an account of himself before startingto find a job because ________.[A] that is the first step to please the employer[B] that is the requirement of the employer[C] it enables him to know when to sell his services[D] it forces him to become clearly aware of himself54. When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, youhave something ________.[A] definite to offer[B] imaginary to provide[C] practical to supply[D] desirable to presentText 2With the start of BBC World Service Television, millions of viewers in Asia and America can now watch the Corporation’s news coverage, as well as listen to it.And of course in Britain listeners and viewers can tune in to two BBC television channels, five BBC national radio services and dozens of local radio stations. They are brought sport, comedy, drama, music, news and current affairs, education, religion, parliamentary coverage, children’s prog rammes and films for an annual license fee of ￡83 per household.It is a remarkable record, stretching back over 70 years -- yet the BBC’s future is now in doubt. The Corporation will survive as a publicly-funded broadcasting organization, at least for the time being, but its role, its size and its programmes are now the subject of a nation-wide debate in Britain.The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC -- including ordinary listeners and viewers -- to say what was good or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worth keeping. The reason for its inquiry is that the BBC’s royal charter runs out in 1996 and it must decide whether to keep the organization as it is, or to make changes.Defenders of the Corporation -- of whom there are many -- are fond of quoting the American slogan “If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it.” The BBC “ain’t broke,” they say, by which they mean it is not broken (as distinct from the word ‘broke’, meaning having no money), so why bother to change it?Yet the BBC will have to change, because the broadcasting world around it is changing. The commercial TV channels – ITV and Channel 4 -- were required by the Thatcher Government’s Broadcasting Act to become more commercial, competing with each other for advertisers, and cutting costs and jobs. But it is the arrival of new satellite channels -- funded partly by advertising and partly by viewers’ subscriptions -- which will bring about the biggest changes in the long term.55. The world famous BBC now faces ________.[A] the problem of new coverage[B] an uncertain prospect[C] inquiries by the general public[D] shrinkage of audience56. In the passage, which of the following about the BBC is NOT mentioned as thekey issue?[A] Extension of its TV service to Far East.[B] Programmes as the subject of a nation-wide debate.[C] Potentials for further international cooperations.[D] Its existence as a broadcasting organization.57. The BBC’s “royal charter” (Line 4, Paragraph 4) stands for ________.[A] the financial support from the royal family[B] the privileges granted by the Queen[C] a contract with the Queen[D] a unique relationship with the royal family58. The foremost reason why the BBC has to readjust itself is no other than________.[A] the emergence of commercial TV channels[B] the enforcement of Broadcasting Act by the government[C] the urgent necessity to reduce costs and jobs[D] the challenge of new satellite channelsText 3In the last half of the nineteenth century “capital” and “labour” were enlarging and perfecting their rival organizations on modern lines. Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders. It was moreover a step away from individual initiative, towards collectivism and municipal and state-owned business. The railway companies, though still private business managed for the benefit of shareholders, were very unlike old family business. At the same time the great municipalities went into business to supply lighting, trams and other services to the taxpayers.The growth of the limited liability company and municipal business had important consequences. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business. All through the nineteenth century, America, Africa, India, Australia and parts of Europe were being developed by British capital, and British shareh olders were thus enriched by the world’s movement towards industrialization. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large “comfortable” classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending ashareholders’ meeting to dictate their orders to the management. On the other hand “shareholding” meant leisure and freedom which was used by many of the later Victorians for the highest purpose of a great civilization.The “shareholders” as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away. Indeed the mere size of operations and the numbers of workmen involved rendered such personal relations impossible. Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organization of the trade unions, at least in all skilled trades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the companies who employed them. The cruel discipline of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to respect each other’s strength and understand the value of fair negotiation.59. It’s true of the old family firms tha t ________.[A] they were spoiled by the younger generations[B] they failed for lack of individual initiative[C] they lacked efficiency compared with modern companies[D] they could supply adequate services to the taxpayers60. The growth of limited liability companies resulted in ________.[A] the separation of capital from management[B] the ownership of capital by managers[C] the emergence of capital and labour as two classes[D] the participation of shareholders in municipal business61. According to the passage, all of the following are true EXCEPT that ________.[A] the shareholders were unaware of the needs of the workers[B] the old firm owners had a better understanding of their workers[C] the limited liability companies were too large to run smoothly[D] the trade unions seemed to play a positive role62. The author is most critical of ________.[A] family film owners[B] landowners[C] managers[D] shareholdersText 4What accounts for the great outburst of major inventions in early America -- breakthroughs such as the telegraph, the steamboat and the weaving machine?Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country’s excellent elementary schools: a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal, “spatial” thinking about things technological.Why mention the elementary schools? Because thanks to these schools our early mechanics, especially in the New England and Middle Atlantic states, were generally literate and at home in arithmetic and in some aspects of geometry and trigonometry.Acute foreign observers related American adaptiveness and inventiveness to this educational advantage. As a member of a British commission visiting here in 1853 reported, “With a mind prepared by thorough school discipline, the American boy develops rapidly into the skilled workman.”A further stimulus to invention came from the “premium” system, which preceded our patent system and for years ran parallel with it. This approach, originated abroad, offered inventors medals, cash prizes and other incentives.In the United States, multitudes of premiums for new devices were awarded at country fairs and at the industrial fairs in major cities. Americans flocked to these fairs to admire the new machines and thus to renew their faith in the beneficence of technological advance.Given this optimistic approach to technological innovation, the American worker took readily to that special kind of nonverbal thinking required in mechanical technology. As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out, “A technologist thinks about objects that cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions: they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal process... The designer and the inventor... are able to assemble and manipulate in their minds devices that as yet do not exist.”This nonverbal “spatial” thinking can be just as creative as painting and writing. Robert Fulton once wrote, “The mechanic should sit down among levers, scre ws, wedges, wheels, etc., like a poet among the letters of the alphabet, considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea.”When all these shaping forces -- schools, open attitudes, the premium system, a genius for spatial thinking -- interacted with one another on the rich U.S. mainland, they produced that American characteristic, emulation. Today that word implies mere imitation. But in earlier times it meant a friendly but competitive striving for fame and excellence.63. According to the author, the great outburst of major inventions in early Americawas in a large part due to ________.[A] elementary schools[B] enthusiastic workers[C] the attractive premium system[D] a special way of thinking64. It is implied that adaptiveness and inventiveness of the early Americanmechanics ________.[A] benefited a lot from their mathematical knowledge[B] shed light on disciplined school management[C] was brought about by privileged home training[D] owed a lot to the technological development65. A technologist can be compared to an artist because ________.[A] they are both winners of awards[B] they are both experts in spatial thinking[C] they both abandon verbal description[D] they both use various instruments66. The best title for this passage might be ________.[A] Inventive Mind[B] Effective Schooling[B] Ways of Thinking[D] Outpouring of InventionsText 5Rumor has it that more than 20 books on creationism/evolution are in the publisher’s p ipelines. A few have already appeared. The goal of all will be to try to explain to a confused and often unenlightened citizenry that there are not two equally valid scientific theories for the origin and evolution of universe and life. Cosmology, geology, and biology have provided a consistent, unified, and constantly improving account of what happened. “Scientific” creationism, which is being pushed by some for “equal time” in the classrooms whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are given, is based on religion, not science. Virtually all scientists and the majority of non-fundamentalist religious leaders have come to regard “scientific” creationism as bad science and bad religion.The first four chapters of Kitcher’s book give a very brief introduc tion to evolution. At appropriate places, he introduces the criticisms of the creationists and provides answers. In the last three chapters, he takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating. He describes their programmes and tactics, and, for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists, the extent of their deception and distortionmay come as an unpleasant surprise. When their basic motivation is religious, one might have expected more Christian behavior.Kitcher is a philosopher, and this may account, in part, for the clarity and effectiveness of his arguments. The non-specialist will be able to obtain at least a notion of the sorts of data and argument that support evolutionary theory. The final chapter on the creationists will be extremely clear to all. On the dust jacket of this fine book, Stephen Jay Gould says: “This book stands for reason itself.” And so it does -- and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.67. “Creationism” in the passage refers to ________.[A] evolution in its true sense as to the origin of the universe[B] a notion of the creation of religion[C] the scientific explanation of the earth formation[D] the deceptive theory about the origin of the universe68. Kitcher’s b ook is intended to ________.[A] recommend the views of the evolutionists[B] expose the true features of creationists[C] curse bitterly at this opponents[D] launch a surprise attack on creationists69. From the passage we can infer that ________.[A] reasoning has played a decisive role in the debate[B] creationists do not base their argument on reasoning[C] evolutionary theory is too difficult for non-specialists[D] creationism is supported by scientific findings70. This passage appears to be a digest of ________.[A] a book review[B] a scientific paper[C] a magazine feature[D] a newspaper editorialSection IV English-Chinese TranslationDirections:Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15points)The differences in relative growth of various areas of scientific research have several causes. 71) Some of these causes are completely reasonable results of social needs. Others are reasonable consequences of particular advances in science being to some extent self-accelerating. Some, however, are less reasonable processes of different growth in which preconception of the form scientific theory ought to take, by persons in authority, act to alter the growth pattern of different areas. This is a new problem probably not yet unavoidable; but it is a frightening trend. 72) This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail. It can be predicted, however, that from time to time, questions will arise which will require specific scientific answers. It is therefore generally valuable to treat the scientific establishment as a resource or machine to be kept in functional order. 73) This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future.This kind of support, like all government support, requires decisions about the appropriate recipients of funds. Decisions based on utility as opposed to lack of utility are straightforward. But a decision among projects none of which has immediate utility is more difficult. The goal of the supporting agencies is the praisable one of supporting “good” as opposed to “bad” science, but a valid determination is difficult to make. Generally, the idea of good science tends to become confused with the capacity of the field in question to generate an elegant theory. 74) However, the world is so made that elegant systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world’s more fascinating and delightful aspects. 75) New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past, giving rise to new standards of elegance.Section V Writing76. Directions:[A] Title: GOOD HEALTH[B] Time limit: 40 minutes[C] Word limit: 120-150 words (not including the given opening sentence)[D] Your composition should be based on the OUTLINE below and should startwith the given opening sentence: “The desire for good health is universal.”[E] Your composition should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15points)OUTLINE:1. Importance of good health2. Ways to keep fit。

1996年考研英语真题答案快速扫描1.A2.C3.D4.B5.D6.C7.D8.B9.A 10.C (11~20略：新大纲不再考查的部分)21.D 22.B 23.D 24.C 25.A 26.B 27.D 28.B 29.A 30.C 31.D 32.A 33.C 34.D 35.C 36.B 37.D 38.B 39.A 40.D 41.C 42.D 43.A 44.B 45.C 46.A 47.D 48.B 49.C 50.A 51.B 52.A 53.D 54.A 55.B 56.C 57.C 58.D 59.C 60.A 61.C 62.D 63.D 64.A 65.B 66.A 67.D 68.B 69.B 70.A1996年考研英语真题答案系统精析ⅠPart Structure and VocabularySection A1. Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records are often or better than an actualperformance.A. as good asB. as goodC. goodD. good as【句意】你喜欢听唱片吗?我发现听唱片常常跟实际演出效果一样好，甚至其效要还好于实际演出。

【答案及考生答对率】A，答对率为68%【考核知识点】比较结构【解析】“as good as”用于形容词原级比较，“or”后面用了形容词比较级，比较对象用than 引导。

“as good as和better than由or连接”，表平行并列关系，表示不同的比较关系，表达的比较意义也不同，所以任何一个“as”都不能省，故［B］、［D］都是错误的。

［C］good根本不能与than搭配，也是错误的。

［A］是惟一正确答案。

【举例】She can cook as good as her mother.He isn’t so/as kind as he appears.2. My pain apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met askedsym-pathetically: “Are you feeling all right?”A. must beB. had beenC. must have beenD. had to be【句意】当我走入房间的那一刻，我的疼痛想必一定很明显，因为我遇到的第一个人同情地问我：“你不舒服吗?”【答案及考生答对率】C，答对率为75%【考核知识点】情态动词+动词不定式完成时【解析】“must have done”结构表示对过去发生的情况的强烈肯定推测，译为“肯定是，一定是”。

Passage 2With the start of BBC World Service Television, millions of viewers in Asia and America can now watch the Corporation's news coverage, as well as listen to it. And of course in Britain listeners and viewers can tune in to two BBC television channels, five BBC national radio services and dozens of local radio station. They are brought sport , comedy, drama, music, news and current affairs , education , religion , parliamentary coverage, children ' s pragrammes and films for an annual licence fee of 83 pounds per household.It is a remarkable record, stretching back over 70 years--yet the BBC' s future is now in doubt. The Corporation will survive as a publicly-funded broadcasting organization, at least for the time being, but its role, its size and its programmes are now the subject of a nation-wide debate in Britain.The debate was launched by the Government , which invited anyone with an opinion of theBBC-including ordinary listeners and viewers--to say what was good or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worth keeping. The reason for its inquiry is that the BBC' s royal charter runs out in 1996 and it must decide whether to keep the organization as it is,or to make changes.Defenders of the Corporation-of whom there are many---are fond of quoting the American slogan "If it ain't broke, don't fix it. " The BBC "ain' t broke" ,they say, by which they mean it is not broken (as distinct from the word 'broke' , meaning having no money) , so why bother to change it?Yet the BBC will have to change, because the broadcasting world around it is changing. Thecommercial TV channels---TV and Channel 4-were required by the Thatcher Government's Broadcasting Act to become more commercial, competing with each other for advertisers, and cutting costs and jobs. But it is the anival of new satellite channels--funded partly by advertising and partly by viewers' subscriptions-which will bring about the biggest changes in the long term .55 . The world famous BBC now faces__ .(A) the problem of new coverage (B) an uncertain prospect( C) inquiries by the general public (D) shrinkage of audience56. In the passage, which of the following about the BBC is not mentioned as the key issue?(A) Extension of its TV service to Far East.(B) Programmes as the subject of a nation-wide debate.(C) Potentials for further intemational co-operations.(D) Its existence as a broadcasting organization.57. The BBC's "royal charter" (Llne 4, Paragraph 3) stands for__(A) the financial support from the roval family (B) the privileges granted by the Queen(C) a contract with the Queen (D) a unique relationship with the royal family58. The foremost reason why the BBC has to readjust itself is no other than__(A) the emergence of commercial TV channels(B) the enforcement of Broadcasting Act by the government(C) the urgent necessity to reduce costs and jobs(D) the challenge of new satellite channelsPassage 3In the last half of the nineteenth century "capital" and "labour" were enlarging and perfecting their rival organizations on modern lines. Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders. It was moreover a step away from individual initiative, towards collectivism and municipal and state-owned business. The railway companies, though still private business managed for the benefit of shareholders, were very unlike old family business. At the same time the great municipalities went into business to supply lighting , trams and other services to the taxpayers .The growth of the limited liability company and municipal business had important consequences. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class , an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business. All through the nineteenth century, America,Africa, India, Australia and parts of Europe were being developed by British capital, and British shareholders were thus enriched by the world ' s movement towards industrialisation. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastboume sprang up to house large. " comfonable" classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders' meeting to dictate their orders to the management. On the other hand "shareholding" meant leisure and freedom which was used by many ofthe later Victorians for the highest purpose of a great civilisation.The "shareholders" as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personalknowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away. Indeed the mere size of operations and the numbers of workmen involved rendered such personal relations impossible. Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organization of the trade unions, at least in all skilled trades, enabLed the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the companies who employed them. The cruel discipline of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to respect each other' s strength and understand the value of fair negotiation .59. It's true of the old family finns that__.(A) they were spoiled by the younger generations(B) they failed for lack of individual initiative(C) they lacked efficiency compared with modem companies(D) they could supply adequate services to the taxpayers60. The growth of limited liability companies resulted in__.(A) the separation of capital from management(B) the ownership of capital by managers(C) the emergence of capital and labour as two classes(D) the participation of shareholders in municipal business61 . According to the passage, all of the following are true except that__.(A) the shareholders were unaware of the needs of the workers(B) the old firm owners hand a better understanding of their workers(C) the limited liability Qompanies were too large to run smoothly(D) the trade unions seemed to play a positive role62. The author is most critical of___ .(A) family film owners (B) landowners ( C) managers (D) shareholdersPassage 4What accounts for the great outburst of major inventions in early America-breakthroughs such as the telegraph , the steamboat and the weaving machine?Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country ' s excellent elementary schools; a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of giving premiums to inventors ; and above all the American genius for nonverbal , "spatial"thinking about things technological .Why mention the elementary schools? Because thanks to these schools our early mechanics ,especially in the New England and Middle Atlantic states, were generally literate and at home in arithmetic and in some aspects of geometry and trigonometry.Acute foreign observers related American adaptiveness and invelltiveness to this educationaladvantage. As a member of a British commission visiting here in 1853 reported, "With a mind prepared by thorough school discipline, the American boy develops rapidly into the skilled workman. "A further stimulus to invention came from the "premium" system, which preceded our patent system and for years ran parallel with it. "fhis approach,originated abroad, offered inventors medals, cash prizes and other incentives.In the United States, multitudes of premiums for new devices were awarded at country fairs and at the industrial fairs in major cities. Americans flocked to thess fairs to admire the new machines and thus to renew their faith in the beneficence of technological advance.Given this optimistic approach to technological innovation, the American worker took readily to that special kind of nonverbal thinklng required in mechanical technology. As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out , "A technologist thinks about objects that cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal process . . . The designer and the inventor . . . are able to assemble and manipulate in their minds devices that as yet do not exist. " This nonverbal "spatial" thinking can be just as creative as painting and writing. Robert Fulton once wrote, "The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheels, etc. ,like a poet among the letters of the alphabet , considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea. "When all these shaping forces--schools, open attitudes, the premium system, a genius for spatial thinking--interacted with one another on the rich U. S. mainland, they produced that American characteristic , emulation . Today that word implies mere imitation. But in earlier times it meant a friendly but competitive striving for fame and excellence.63. According to the author, the great outburst of major inventions in early America was in alarge part due to__(A) elemental'y schools ( B) enthusiastic workers(C) the attractive premium system (D) a special way of thinking64 . It is implied that adaptiveness and inventiveness of the early American mechanics__(A) benefited a lot from their mathematical knowledge(B) shed light on disciplined school management(C) was brought about by privileged home training(D) owed a lot to the technological development65 . A technologist can be compared to an artist because __(A) they are both winners of awards(B) they are both experts in spatial thinking(C) they both abandon verbal description(D) they both use various instruments66. The best title for this passage might be__(A) Inventive Mind (B) Effective Schooling(B) Ways of Thinking (D) Outpouring of Inventions。

96年考研英语真题1996年考研英语真题IntroductionThe year 1996 marks an important milestone in the history of the Graduate Entrance Exam for English (commonly known as "考研英语" in Chinese) in China. In this article, we will explore the 1996 examination paper and discuss the significance of this particular year in the evolution of the exam.Part I: Listening ComprehensionThe listening comprehension section of the 1996 exam consisted of multiple-choice questions, involving various topics such as interviews, news reports, and academic lectures. Candidates were required to carefully listen to the recordings and choose the most appropriate answer among the given options. This section aimed to assess the candidates' ability to understand spoken English and their proficiency in comprehension.Part II: Reading ComprehensionThe reading comprehension part of the 1996 exam consisted of several passages, each followed by a set of questions. The passages covered a wide range of topics, including literature, history, science, and social issues. Candidates were expected to read the passages carefully, comprehend the main ideas, and answer the questions based on the provided information. This section aimed to evaluate the candidates' reading skills, including reading speed, vocabulary, and overall comprehension abilities.Part III: TranslationThe translation section of the 1996 exam required candidates to translate a given Chinese passage into English. This section aimed to assess the candidates' ability to accurately convey the meaning and style of the original text in a different language. It challenged the candidates' understanding of both languages and their skills in expressing ideas in English.Part IV: WritingThe writing section of the 1996 exam required candidates to write an essay on a given topic within a specified time limit. Candidates were expected to organize their thoughts, develop a clear and coherent argument, and express their opinions effectively. This section aimed to evaluate the candidates' ability to express themselves in written English and demonstrate their command of grammar, vocabulary, and critical thinking skills.ConclusionThe 1996 Graduate Entrance Exam for English represented a pivotal moment in the evolution of the exam. It reflected the changing demands and expectations of English language education in China. By assessing listening comprehension, reading comprehension, translation, and writing skills, the exam aimed to provide an accurate evaluation of candidates' English proficiency. As the exam continued to evolve in subsequent years, it played a crucial role in shaping English language education and fostering academic growth in China.。

1996年英语试题答案Part ⅠCloze Test1. C2. D3. A4. B5. C6. A7. D8.B9. C 10. APart ⅡReading ComprehensionPart APassage 111. B 12. A 13.D 14. APassage 215.B 16.C 17.C 18.DPassage 319.C 20.A 21.C 22.DPassage 423.D 24.A 25.B 26.APassage 527.D 28.B 29.B 30.APart ⅢEnglish-Chinese Translation31.在这些原因中，有些纯属社会需求；另一些则是由于科学上某些特定发展在一定程度上自我加速而产生的必然结果。

32.这种趋势始于第二次世界大战期间，当时一些国家的政府得出结论：政府要向其科研机构提出具体的要求通常是无法详尽预见的。

33.给某些与当前目标无关而将来则可能产生影响的科研予以支持，看来能够有效地解决这个问题。

34.然而，世界就是如此，完美的体系一般而言是无法解决世上某些更加引人入胜的课题的。

35.同过去一样，将来必然出现新的思维方式和新的思维对象，给完美以新的标准。

Section ⅣWriting(15 points)36.见分析试题精解Part ⅠCloze Test一、文章总体分析本文是一篇介绍维生素的科普性小短文。

文章首段对维生素下定义。

第二段介绍了维生素的两大功能：将食物转化成能量和维持身体健康。

第三段介绍了各种维生素的异同：基本组成元素相同，但排列方式不同，并且各自承担一到多种特殊功能。

第四段指出：不需要获取过量的维生素，均衡的饮食通常就可以完全满足身体对它们的需求了。

二、试题具体解析1.［A］either ［B］so ［C］nor［D］never［精解］本题考核的知识点是：否定倒装句的连词。

空格前文讲到维生素不能提供能量，是一个否定句；后文讲到它们构建身体的任何部分，是倒装句，因此选项必须既能引导倒装句，又能与前面的否定相呼应。