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托福写作三步攻略之思路篇

托福写作三步攻略之思路篇
托福写作三步攻略之思路篇

托福写作三步攻略之思路篇

托福独立写作其实主要是考察学生在规定时间内针对已给命题进行逻辑分析、阐述观点的能力。所以除了语言表达的技巧外,我们中国同学们面临的最大难题是托福写作思路拓展问题,即理解题目后无从下手,不知道从何说起。现在前程百利小编以TPO中独立写作题目为例,为大家介绍一些常用思路、以及一些简单有效的思路拓展方法,旨在帮助童鞋们在较短的时间内确定内容构架。

1. 抽象词具体化法:

通过对题目中的主体进行分析讨论来展开自己的写作思路,把抽象的概念具体化,分不同的角度,从不同的人物视角来讨论问题。

E.g. In some countries, teenagers have jobs while they are still students. Do you think this is a good idea? Support your opinion by using specific reasons and details.

分析:从不同的主体对象出发分析问题,把这个抽象概括的good idea具体化,写清楚到底是对谁有什么好处,对学生,对家庭,对学校。

Going to part-time job as a teenager can help a person develop social skills, like social intercourse, which could be paramount for adult life. An early part-time job experience can really help teenagers to prepare for the unpredictability of interpersonal relationship, which could be decisive for social success as a young adult.

Through part-time jobs, children can earn extra money, and they begin to know the value of money, which will release the financial burden of parents. It is apparent that children often get money from their parents without realizing the difficulty of making money. Knowing that it takes a lot of time and great efforts to make money by himself, he will make wiser choices when buying some necessity.

It has been said, “Not everything that is learned is contained in books.”Part-time jobs help students make use of what one has learned, a perfect complement of classroom learning. Besides, children have to be responsible for what they do when they take a part time job, which enables them to have a good sense of responsibility.

分对象讨论法:

通过对题目中的关键词进行分类来展开自己的写作思路,分成相互独立的,不同的组别来讨论问题。

E.g. many people think it takes time and money to preserve the old buildings. We should knock down the old buildings and instead build modern ones. Do you agree or disagree with this statement?

分析:题目中旧建筑包括2类,有价值的(比如故宫)和无价值的(危房、旧房) 1)有价值的:应该投资保护,代表了一个民族或国家的历史文化,有研究价值;旧建筑可以作为景点,促进经济当地旅游业发展;2)无价值的:可以拆掉,有损市容、危及安全。

Historic buildings are useful for studies. Historic buildings reflect those architectures and materials that our predecessors used in construction. By studying them, researchers could understand about the evolution of not only construction but also society and culture. Historic buildings bring advantages of tourism. Indeed, when visiting a place, tourists are always attracted by historic places such as museums, palaces, or buildings. They are fascinated in something different from their home country or different from daily modern life.

In general, old buildings usually have dangerous stairs, uneven floors and lack of IT infrastructure. The problem with many old buildings is that they are old and extremely expensive to modernize.

2. 列举原因论证法:

通过分析题目中现象出现的原因来展开自己的分论点讨论。

E.g. Successful people try new things and take risks rather than only doing what they already know how to do well. Do you agree or disagree with this statement?

分析:从successful people 为什么要try new things and take risks来展开讨论,及分析这样做的原因是什么,带来的好处有哪些。

What are the advantages of taking chances?

Firstly, whether it is positive or not, it would mark a turnabout in a one’s career.

The most crucial reason why businessmen must take risks is that consumer' demands for something new and innovative will never diminish, especially in fashion and entertainment industries.

Last but not least, trying new things and taking risks can broad one’s eyesight, expand his mind, as well as fortify his courage, which eventually lead to the success, as a matter of fact, a successful man never try to find excuse of not accepting challenges

3. 反证法:

反证法也叫替代法,当我们发现题目中出现-est(形容词最高级),only(唯一的)或者ban/stop(禁止)这类词汇的时候,就可以考虑用反证法。这三类词汇的共同点就是语气都很绝对,这样的命题如果从逻辑上仔细推敲多半是站不住脚的:因为太绝对,所以想证明它们正确会非常困难。而如果想要证明它们错误呢?很简单,举出反例就可以了。

E.g. Always telling the truth is the most important consideration in any relationship between people.

分析:题目中出现过于绝对的程度词always,可以采用反证法进行反驳,举出反例来反驳题目的观点。

The traditional virtue of telling the truth in all situations is increasingly doubted by many in today’s world. Many believe that telling the truth is not always the best policy when dealing with people. Moreover, the line of a “truth”is becoming vaguer. We all understand that often the truth is offending and may not be a very nice thing to hear and say. White lies often have their own advantages.

The same logic applies to human relationships. If your friend had worn a newly purchased dress on her birthday and energetically asked you if it was a worthy buy, would you freely express your opinion that you had never seen a dress as the one she’s currently wearing? And spoil her birthday? Unarguably, hiding entirely or partially the truth in some situations can be quite handy indeed. Confrontations and disputes can seemingly be avoided.

以上就是前程百利小编为大家整理的托福写作思路拓展的三个方法,希望大家能够掌握这三个方法,帮助大家拓展托福写作思路,更加高效地攻克托福写作。

托福英语独立写作样板指导.doc

托福英语独立写作模板指导 很多学习者翻开作文书籍,就如同想打开一本武功秘籍,只希望看到5个字母trick(技巧) 。技巧固然十分重要,但在应试准备中,常常需要70%的基础和30%的技巧。这里要提醒大家的是,不可高估技巧的作用,犹如在武打片中,要想得到某某宝典和剑法,是需要付出惨痛的代价的。 如何运用托福英语写作模板 1. 熟悉和理解4大评分标准是高分关键 评分标准1:effectively addresses the writing topic and task. 要求考生有效地阐明主题,考生千万不要跑题。从笔者的教学经验看,考生全部跑题现象较少,但是局部跑题现象十分严重,这也是考生不能轻取高分的缘故。 评分标准2:well organized and well developed 逻辑条理清楚,发展充分。每次作者在讲写作时总是把它和阅读相对照。各位考生要想拿到独立写作满分必须真正理解八股文的结构,千万不要写中国式的八股文,而应写出美式八股文。 评分标准3:uses specific details and examples to support you view 考生的论据一定要具体、明确,且对论点有支持作用,而不能空洞和泛泛而谈。 评分标准4:displays language facility by demonstrating syntactic variety, word choice and idiom.(通过谴词造句和习惯表达来展示语言的熟练程度) 这一点是各位考生经常忽视,迷惘和不清楚的一点。新托福作文占总分120分的30分。我们对大家的要求是在作文上花的时间既要少又要拿高分,至少28分。凡是想拿到28分甚至满分

托福写作185题题库+写作思路

1.People attend college or university for many different reasons (for example, new experiences, career preparation, increased knowledge).Why do you think people attend college or university? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 1、同意上大学好 (1)为未来工作进行准备; (2)交更多的朋友,学习他们的思维方式; (3)系统的学习知识 2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents are the best teachers. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 2、同意父母是最好的老师 (1)父母从小就和我们在一起,给我们很多的知识; (2)父母和我们最为亲密,在任何时候,都会毫无保留地给我们知识; (3)父母最了解我们,所以他们给我们的建议和意见都是最有针对性的

3. Nowadays, food has become easier to prepare. Has this change improved the way people live? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 3、食品容易准备,改进了人们的生活方式 (1)节省了大量的时间,使人们可以做其他事情 (2)为人们提供了更多的花样。 (4)为人们的健康带来了很多好处 4. It has been said, “Not everything that is learned is contained in books.” Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more important? Why? 4、首先进行比较,然后说书是最重要的来源 (1)读书能够节省很多时间 (2)书是有系统性的,能够让人以很科学的方式迅速获得知识 (3)读书相对比较便宜和容易,而在寻找经验则比较昂贵和困难 5. A company has announced that it wishes to build a large factory near your community. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this new influence on your community. Do you support or oppose the factory? Explain your position.

托福写作的高分表达方法

托福写作的高分表达方法 很多学生会选择,那么托福写作考试的高分技巧有哪些呢?跟着出guo一起来看看吧!下面是收集的有关托福考试写作技巧的资讯,欢迎阅读。 除了在句式上长短句相结合准确表达外,朗阁海外考试研究中心建议新托福考生要使用一些特殊的句式,以使句型多样化。句型多样化也是作文得到高分的条件之一。除了我们之前经常提到的高分句式,如倒装句、强调句、状语前置、插入语等,笔者还提出另外一个句式的多样变化,即主语多样化。下面笔者将列举几个句子概括介绍前面四种句型,而重点分析主语多样化。 正常句: Luck only works in extreme cases. 倒装句: Only in extreme cases does luck work.(否定词位于句首的倒装。) 正常句: The inter provides people aess to the latest information. 强调句: It is the inter that provides people aess to the latest information. (强调the inter) 正常句: The environment has been deteriorating severely along with the development of industry. 状语前置句: Along with the aelerating development of industry, the environment has been deteriorating severely.

正常句: However, new zoos try to duplicate animals’natural habitats as much as possible and give animals a fortable amount of space. 插入语: New zoos, however, try to duplicate animals’natural habitats as much as possible and give animals a fortable amount of space. (连词however做插入语) 主语多样 1. 她突然想到了一个主意。 She suddenly had an idea. 通常情况下,考生会马上对这句话进行翻译,基本不会动句子结构。但是以人作为主语的英语句子总是不能够很吸引人,所以这个句子如果稍微做下修改,以后面的宾语“主意”做主语,这个句子会发生一些变化。 An idea suddenly ourred to her. 2. 他开车心不在焉,几乎闯祸。 He was absent-minded when driving, and almost caused an aident. 这句话依然是拿人做主语,稍微改一下,把心不在焉这个形容词的名词形式做主语,会大不相同。 His absence of mind during driving nearly caused an aident. 3. 美利坚合众国创立于1789年。

托福写作提分技巧【语法篇】.

智课网托福备考资料 托福写作提分技巧【语法篇】 托福写作要短期快速提分有一些小技巧是很好用的,应为很多托福考生对托福考试一直存在理解误区,只要走出误区,就会发现自己的写作成绩提升很快!了解更多考试资讯:400-077-0188. 今天我想说的就是帮助考友们可以在最短的时间内提升自己的分数,而这些小技巧之所以好用,绝大多数都是因为我们对托福考试的误区所造成的,因此只要走出这些误区,那么我们马上就能发现自己的分数有很大的提升。当然,我还必须说一句,就是有的人是认识的问题,也就是对托福考试的认识的问题,而大多数人的问题都是在能力上,而不是认识上,因此小伙伴们千万不要舍本逐末! 今天,老师要讲的这个暗爽提分小技巧,其实非常简单,就是语法! 很多小伙伴也许,不屑一顾,我也知道我语法不好,但是没有办法啊。其实,并不是这样的。要知道,很多小伙伴在准备托福作文的时候,第一在意的并不是语法,而是能不能写完作文,很多小伙伴都把自己的精力,花在如何套用各种各样模板或者句型上。这才是很多小伙伴在准备托福考试的时候,尤其是一开始的时候,最为在意的事情!其实当你这么做的时候,重点就错了! 其实对于写完作文这件事情,ETS并不是那么在意,要知道,有很多小伙伴没有写最后一段,或者最后一句话没写完,也是有28、29分的!而且,哪怕他们写完,作文也不

会到30分,满分。之所以会出现这种情况,就是因为,其实ETS的评分看的是你作文整体所体现出来的整体水平,这才是ETS最关心的!这里所谓的整体水平,就包括你 的遣词造句,包括你的例子是否可以很好地支持你的观点,这些内容才是ETS的加分点,至于很多人所关心的,写完一篇作文到底能打多少分?其实ET S并不能给出答案,因为不管你写的是300字,还是700字,只要写的好,分数就好,写的不好,800字的分数也仍然会很低。 是的,ETS不关心你写没写完! 反过来,ETS这位姑娘关心什么?ETS关心你是否品行正直,也就是关心你是否有语法错误。ETS关心你写的是否地道,也就是关心你是否能力拔群!这才是ETS最关心的!因此,你只要写的作文没有语法错 误,那么你的分数基本上就不会低于20分。要知道,如果每科都平均20分的话,那么你就已经有80分了哦! 那么语法错误到底怎么改?只要点破了,其实很简单,而且时间还很短。就是两点:第一,找人修改;第二,把错误的点总结,而且记下来,下次不要再犯错。 很多人总觉得,我学了这么多年英语,都没学好语法,语法怎能是几天就搞定的? 其实,我们常见的语法错误,也就是主谓一致,介词不能跟动词原形,等少数的几个问题,只要硬着头皮写3-5篇作文,就全都能暴露出来!一定要记住,写完一篇,就找人 改一篇,然后总结错误的内容,然后再写一篇,再找人改一篇,再总结错误的内容,保证在下一篇作文之中尽量不犯同样的错误,不怕写得慢,就怕犯同样的错误。只要这样,写过5篇作文,你的绝大多数错误也就都能解决了。如果,能写过10篇的话,而且都 找人改的话,你就应该不会再有什么语法错误了。一切就是这么简单!

托福写作185题试题库+写作思路

1. People attend college or university for many different reasons (for example, new experiences, career preparation, increased knowledge).Why do you think people attend college or university? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 1、同意上大学好 (1) 为未来工作进行准备; (2) 交更多的朋友,学习他们的思维方式; (3) 系统的学习知识 2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents are the best teachers. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 2、同意父母是最好的老师 (1) 父母从小就和我们在一起,给我们很多的知识; ⑵ 父母和我们最为亲密,在任何时候,都会毫无保留地给我们知识; (3)父母最了解我们,所以他们给我们的建议和意见都是最有针对性的

3. Nowadays, food has become easier to prepare. Has this change improved the way people live? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 3、食品容易准备,改进了人们的生活方式 (1) 节省了大量的时间,使人们可以做其他事情 ⑵为人们提供了更多的花样。 (4) 为人们的健康带来了很多好处 4. It has been said, “Not everything that is learned is contained in books. ” Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more important? Why? 4、首先进行比较,然后说书是最重要的来源 (1) 读书能够节省很多时间 ⑵ 书是有系统性的,能够让人以很科学的方式迅速获得知识⑶读书相对比较便宜和容易,而在寻找经验则比较昂贵和困难 5. A company has announced that it wishes to build a large factory near your community. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this new influence on your community. Do you support or oppose the factory? Explain your position.

托福写作格式内容要求一览

首先由明线入手的思路可以不太讲究结构,这点的评论请看后文;然而由暗线着手的议论却必须注意结构,因为暗线采用的是和题目本身关系不大的视角,写得好是一气呵成发人深省,写得不慎重就会失之毫厘,谬之千里,走题走到天边去。 360教育集团介绍接上文,仍以题目做示范。笔者第二次拟提纲,以理暗渡,就不能像第一次一样只写论点,而得把首段,论点,甚至每段在整篇文章中的作用也一并写出,才能避免下笔时走题。 首段:民以食为天,食物在人类生活中的重要性不可言喻,就连食物的准备方式也可能极大影响人类文化,进而影响个人生活质量(引入社会心理学,设置暗线,为全文奠定基调)以现代生活实况分析,食品速食化导致人类生活质量下降的趋向比较明显。 第一论证段:(身体健康层面)饮食文化改变,传统有益健康而消耗时间的料理方式被摈弃,垃圾食品大行其市,天人合一,顺应生理规律的文化被断绝。(注:这里因为不是从营养,而是从生物规律论述对身体的影响,所以前文所论的paradox此处可不考虑) 第二论证段:从速食流行原因论证人类行为文化改变,高节奏的高压生活必然促使身体早衰(身体与心理健康两个层面综合) 第三论证段:(心理健康层面)行为高速化也会导致对情感的无法顾及甚至冷漠,人类情感文化变化,并且朝不利方向。 结尾(这在提纲里其实可有可无,提纲毕竟只是具体化的思路,并不是成文。依照文章具体的论证手法,内容,结尾可以个有千秋,只要把握住一条,符合全文主旨,就可以了,提纲里就算写了,很多时候也是无用功) 用题目分析到这里,文章连雏形都已经出来了,可是究竟什么是结构呢? 回到“文章是被记录下来的表达”这个原则。结构既然是写作的必须注意事项,就必然帮助表达。对于一篇议论,作者必须大量旁征博引才能令人信服得表述自己的观点,这其中牵扯着概念的重要性顺序 -----用来证明全文立场的概念是论点,是最重要的概念;用来证明论点的概念是佐证,是次等重要的概念。所谓结构,最基本的用途是将文章所有用入的概念分段,一个论点与它的所有佐证为一段,不能佐证证明的是第二论点,却在第一论点的段落。-------这就是所谓的unity. 结构的第二用途仍然是帮助表达,从逻辑思路方面。好的议论能抓住人心,令人信服,首先必须让人能看懂作者的思路,让你说明在学习场所安装电视有无弊端,你却一会说电视节目的差异,一会说学生的素质如何,读者不知所云,自然不会被你说服。每个段落和论题的联系。作者本人知道并没有用,必须表现出来。说完节目差异加一句“不同节目对学生的利弊不同,不可一概而论”,讲过学生素质补充“素质差的学生群体使学习场所吵杂,安不安电视影响都不大”,将论点间,论点和论题间紧密结合起来,保证文章思路流畅,明白易懂,就是结构中过渡句的功效,使得行文达到ETS要求的progression和coherence。 具体把结构落实在IBT独立作文上,就是两点。

托福写作高分范文仿写技巧

托福写作高分范文仿写技巧作为托福考试写作部分两篇文章其中之一,独立写作主要以学生的学术知识背景和个人生活经验为基础来考察语语言的学习规律是相通的。有了正确的『输入』,才能有正确的『输出』。所以,要想在英文写作中有所提高,我们可以借鉴一些上乘的范文,对其思路、结构、语言等进行模仿,并最终应用在我们自己的文章中。这个过程就叫做『仿写』。今天文都国际教育小编就给大家介绍下托福写作高分范文仿写技巧。 如何做仿写? 托福写作高分范文仿写技巧Step 1 通读范文,了解通篇大意,仔细研究各段构思。 在教学过程中,我会为学生甄选符合国外考试评分标准的优秀范文。学生拿到这些范文后,可以从宏观的角度了解作者对于题目的观点,是采用了单边、双边还是中立的角度来进行论证。学生还可以从微观的角度,深度分析每个主体段,作者是如何通过有逻辑地说理,并配以恰当具体的例子,来证明此段的分论点。 以下为范?段落实例: Modern society places a lot of emphasis on success. Though success is clearly desirable, Ithink our intense focus on success is unhealthy and counter productive.People would be better served by learning how to adopt a positive attitude towards failure. 托福写作高分范文仿写技巧Step 2 学习优秀的语言点 针对每一篇范文,我会为学生总结出其中用法得到的词组和句式,并让学生趁热打铁,强化对这些语料的记忆。这种从整体中提取,呈现成个体的形式,会让学生对这些语料的印象更加深刻。 以下为提取实例:

托福TOEFL写作提纲

climate change, outer space exploration. Culturally, what young people tend to believe and how young people decide to behave may become part of the trait of the nation. affects the society today will be solved during my life time?(61) DISAGREE a. It is true that some scientific problem will be taken under control. Flu=smallpox, HIV/AIDS, diabetes, energy efficiency. b. Many other scientific issues will not bear fruit if without hundreds of year 托福写作提纲 1. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The world is changing fast, people are less happy. AGREE a. The rapidly changing environment is towards a deteriorating direction and people suffer from all kinds of pollution. b. Coming with the conv enience which was brought by the advancement of technology, people 'lsife are at stake considering wars are always on edge. c. People ' srelationship with each other is alienated by Internet, telecommunication and other kind of virtual interaction patterns. 2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The most important characteristic for politician is to accept responsibility for mistake. DISAGREE a. It is very important for politician to accept responsibility for mistake considering. Because only after recognized and took the responsibility of mistakes can politician make an effort to progress. b. The most important skill the politician should possess is communication skill. For one thing, it is important for politician to a good listener to public. c. Communication skill can help politician to express themselves better, consequently, having the policy or implementation carried out well. 3. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents should allow children to make and learn from their own mistakes. PARTIALLY AGREE a. It is very helpful to cultivate a child ' s sense of independence by letting him/her dealing with their own mistake. b. Their own experience will be more impressive to them and is a better way to educate children than solely didactic instillation. c. Nevertheless, this process should be carefully moderated by parents because children are lack the ability to draw a clear line between right and wrong. And they cannot always recognize the seriousness of their mistakes. 4. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Young people nowadays have no influence on decisions that determine the future of the society as a whole. DISAGREE a. Politically, youth play an increasingly crucial role in decision-making. b. Scientifically, youth ' s interesutdoyfwsitll determine where humankind will head to in the future. Disease combat, c. 5. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The most important problem that ' s efforts. Climate change, sending human

新托福独立写作21类题目

新托福独立写作21类题目 1.体育类: 2008.11.14—Children should only play sports for fun rather than play sports in competitions or contests. (Education) 孩子们应该为了乐趣而去参加体育活动而不是为了竞争或者比赛。 体育在现代生活的重要性有: 1.体育可以在身体得到锻炼,使身体素质得到提高; 2.体育活动让朋友和家人聚集一起参加锻炼,有社会意义,是一种积极的休闲和团体活动; 3.体育可以调节生活,让人们获得心理上的健康和快乐,更好的缓解压力; 4.体育可以提高人的意志和韧性; 5.体育是一个大的产业,给国家带来收入; 6.体育体现了人类社会的精神,可以促进世界和平。 体育运动的优点: 1.增加体质(increase physical strength),有益于身心健康; 2.加快脂肪燃烧(accelaerate fat burning),有助于减肥(lose weight); 3.有助于保持体形(stay in shape),提高自我的形象(improve self image); 4.有助于缓解压力(relieve stress),调节心情(improve mood),减少失落的情绪(reduce the chance of depression); 5.有助于保持旺盛的精力(keep energetic),从而提高工作效率(increase productivity)。 孩子参加体育项目是为了获得快乐:因为体育活动可以让他们得到精神上的放松,可以是他们和朋友交流的一种方式; 而获得乐趣并不是体育活动的唯一目的,参加比赛也是一种目的,因为比赛获胜可以让他们获得一种成就感,输了可以学会逆境成长的精神。 2008.12.5—Sports teaches us lessons about life. 运动教会我们一些生活道理 运动教会我们要养成健康的生活方式和积极的人生态度; 体育比赛告诉我们竞争是生活的一部分,但友谊同样重要; 团队运动教给人们要合作,在生活中和工作中也要学会合作,这样做事情才会能有效率,比如,在足球篮球比赛中,你不能时时都争着进球,要注意合作才能获得更高的分数,一个全都是优秀球员的球队并不一定能给打败一个球员很平庸但是合作的很好的球队,在生活上也是如此,我们不必事事争第一,和别人合作往往能达到共赢的目的。 棋类运动教给我们许多生活道理,比如我们下棋的时候必须瞻前顾后,考虑很多步,生活上也是,凡事三思而后行 2.专业知识类: 2006.11.19—It is more important to choose a subject of your interest than to choose subjects which prepare you for a job or a career.(Education) 选自己感兴趣的学科比选有前途的学科更重要(支持该观点) 中间段写作思路: (一)Reason 1: 因果链接:资源有限—竞争激烈—压力大—就业压力—就业竞争中脱颖而出—有前途的专业(举例) 首先:学习对于未来的职业有用的学科之后才能更容易找到工作。当代社会每个人都渴望取得成功,但是资源是有限的,所以竞争激烈,每个人承受的压力都很大,其中大学生面临的最现实的问题就是就业问题。

牛人经验:托福iBT写作27 完全攻略

考托者应记住的几条公理 1,托福作文就是新八股文 2,托福作文只要练好了人人可以拿27+ 3,托福作文得高分不意味着你英语水平有多高 4,提高英语水平靠多听多读多背多说多写多练多译 首先让我们全面剖析新托福作文:(以下要求均为我自己的理解,非官方版本,官方要求请参照OG) integrated writing/综合写作:要求考生在3分钟内读一篇文章,然后听一个lecture,在20分 (注:文章内容和lecture 钟内根据文章和lecture内容写一篇250字左右文章比较两者的观点。 内容注定是对立的,如果你考的不是对立的,那只有一种可能,你的RP次到了人神共愤的地步了。) 综合写作的八股在于:第一段指出reading passage和lecture内容是对立的;第二、三、四段从三个方面/点来说明他们的内容是怎样对立的;第五段总结一下他们之间确实是对立关系。 independent writing/独立写作:给定一个题目,要求考生在30分钟内写出400字左右的文章,要求逻辑清晰,论述有力,无明显的语法和词法错误。 独立写作八股在于:第一段陈述你的观点,支持哪一方;第二、三、四段从三个方面论述你的观点;最后一段总结一下,综上所述,某某观点是正确的。

综合写作:模板,套模板,一定要套模板! 理由:1,模板让你的思路更加清晰,这是ETS要求的。 2,20分钟!开玩笑,怎么凑到300字?当然要用模板! 3,阅读听力我都不怕,就怕作文,写三句话错两句,我怎么得26+?当然还是用模板,既然是模板就意味着是你精挑细选的句子,保证了写作的质量! 提醒:1,模板要富于变化,一篇只能用5句那你就要准备10句! 2,模板不能一味照搬别人的,避免重复! 3,保证模板里的句子没有语法和用词错误! 一般来说,大家把一下几个句子稍微变形,即完成了综合写作第一步 1. The lecture discusses…which differs from the main idea in the reading that… (用于第一段) 2. The professor made the point that …The reading , in contrast, held a different v iew .(用于第一或第二三四段) 3. Another important point showed in the listening material is that …but the reading presents a conflicting idea that…(用于第三四段) 4. Finally, the professor stated that ...which challenges the standpoint made by the writer who said that...(用于第四段) 5. In general, the professor discussed the problem of …that the reading viewed in a contrary\opposing\different angle.(最后总结段) 6. According to the lecture… on the other hand \while the reading stated that … 7. The professor made the point that… on the contrary\ in contrast\ however, the writer demonstrated an ideathat… 8. The lecture supports\illustrates the idea that… 9. The lecture contradicts\refutes\ is contrary to\ is the opposite of the idea that… 10. Contrary to the belief in the passage that …the professor says that… 11. The professor refutes the viewpoint showed in the passage that… by saying that…(6-11均用于第二三四段) 大家可以把连接词变化一下,把动词变化一下或句式稍变,11句话灵活运用。 除了模板以外,综合写作我们还需要做什么? 做笔记,做听力笔记! 99.9%的情况下,综合写作的主体内容是三个对立的观点,所以大家只要把这个三个点记下来,然后把阅读里相应的三点抠出来放到模板里面去,你的综合写作就做完了,就是这么简单!

托福写作技巧(总结)

把教授如何反驳文章中三个分论点挺清楚,例子都是阅读文章里的所以不用记,听力里主要是在讲阅读文章中的例子有哪些缺陷或不严谨的地方,从而无法成为有效的论据,甚至成为别的观点的论据。 有自己的写作模式、写作套路。 先不限时写几篇,写完一篇就立刻打印出来逐字逐句修改(电脑上改容易偷懒),把过于简单的词和句子一一替换,注意别用太难的词和没把握的词,能用到6级词汇就差不多了,心情好了再拽两个托福词汇上去也就足够了。我觉得最好用的就是形容词和副词,可以记几个托福水平的精彩形容词和副词,选择自己看着顺眼的,在平凡的名词前加好看的形容词,在平淡的句子里随处放置抢眼的副词,这样文章一下子就丰富起来了。 插入语,句式变换,每段第一句试着倒装、或用被动语态 多用具体的详细的例子,别停留在就事论事上,可以试着延伸到生活的其他方面 注意线性思维,“总分总” 托福作文写五段,第一段是中心思想段,二三四是支持段落,最后是总结段落 无论是综合写作还是独立写作,考生追求的基本目标是把想说的意思用书面英语表达清楚,让阅卷人读懂和明白。从语言角度来说,有两大标准,即准确性和多样化。能够达到词词准确,又使用到不同的词句来表达相同、相似的意思,从语言角度来说已经符合托福考试的高分要求。 仿写。只看不写,永远不能将输入语言化成输出语言。尽量仿写整句,保持原句结构,替换内容! In a word, it is rather superficial to simply say that.........+观点:In a word, it is rather superficial to simply say that parents are the best teachers。用一句话说,简单地认为父母是最好的老师是相当肤浅的。 综合写作部分的评分标准: 1、内容的完整性和准确性。简单地说,就是文章是否有将讲座中的关键信息点完整、准确地提 取出来,并和阅读材料中的相关内容有效地一一对应。如果讲座中的信息点有缺失,那么会有一定程度 的扣分;如果只写了有关阅读材料的观点,得1分。 文章的组织机构,词汇和语法的正确性和准确性。高分的作文需要做到条理清晰,结构连贯,用词 恰当,能够准确地表达讲座中的观点与阅读材料中的观点是如何相互联系的,只要作文中的错误不至于 使内容表述出现误解,一些偶尔出现的语言错误,如单词拼写、单复数问题等,不会对作文成绩产生很 大影响,当然,错误肯定是越少越好的。 独立写作部分的评分标准: 1、有效回应题目,阐明文章主题。一般来说,独立写作完全跑题的情况很少,但是很多考生在 展开讨论时所采用的论据,比较容易出现跟主题关联性不大的情况,即局部答非所问的现象,从而影响 了得分。2、逻辑条理清楚,论证充分展开。这一点的关键在于文章论证的展开,是否提供了大量的细节和例子来支持观点,而非泛泛而谈地说理。3、内容连贯一致,衔接自然流畅。达到内容连贯一致的文章通常全文围绕中心论点展开,而不会论据自相矛盾,也不会重复论证,有时候通过一些表示因果、先后、递进的关系连词可以起到粘合剂的作用。4、遣词造句地道,语言驾驭娴熟。托福考试终究是语言考试,最终还是要考查考生的语言运用能力,但是要注意的是,并不是要求考生通篇都用难词偏语长句,而是要会变化着用一些美国人常用的语句把自己的想法表达清楚,所以建议考生尽量多阅读和模仿英文原版材料,这样写出来的文章才能够原汁原味。

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