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▲C.分词的完成式一般不用来作定语，只
能用作状语.
❖ The platform having been built will be used to
perform on. ×
作
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
❖ 1.The platform built will be used to perform on. √ 定
The platform which has been built will be used
非谓语动词语法讲解
I.非谓语动词时态、语态形式对照表：
2.非谓语动词在句中可作的语法成份
1.非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足
❖ 1.To see you is语gl、ad表. 语、定语、状语等.
=It’s glad to see you.
（作主语）
❖ 2.I want to see you.
I didn't expect to find you here． They refused to accept his invitation．
▲在概念上，ing.表“抽象、习惯”,不定式表“具体、偶 然、将来”. *Swimming (抽象）is my favourite sport and I like swimming(习惯）every day, but I don’t like to swim(具
体）today, I would like to swim(将来）tomorrow.
now. (作定语） ❖ 6. Swimming in Summer ,we can get cool.
(作状语）
❖1.This cup is broken. (作表语 ❖2.This is a broken cup. (作表语） ❖3.I found the cup broken.(作宾语补足语）
（作目的状语）
❖ 8.He went so early as to see you （作结果状语）
❖ 1.Swimming is his favourite sport. (作主语） ❖ 2.He enjoys swimming. (作宾语） ❖ 3.I found him swimming in the river. (作宾补） ❖ 4.His favourite sport is swimming. (作表语） ❖ 5.He is the man swimming in the river just
语
to perform on. √
❖ 2. Having given her opinion about the building,
she left the meeting.
作
Having been used for a long time, the computer 状
needs repairing.
Written in simple English, the book is easy to read
❖ 2. Being used by me now,the bike can’t be lent to you.
❖ 3. Having been used for many years, the bike needs repairing.
(作宾语）
❖ 3.I want him to see you. （作宾补）
❖ 4.My hope is to see you. (作表语）
❖ 5.He is the man to see you. （作定语）
❖ 6.I’m glad to see you.
（作原因状语）
❖ 7.I went to see you.
❖4.Broken by Tom, the cup can’t be
used. (作状语） ❖★过去分词一般不作主语、宾语.
❖ 3.分词的用法比较
❖ A.在时态上
ing分词表“进行” ed分词表“完成”
❖ 1.China is a developing country =a country which is developing.
❖ 2.Japan is a developed country =a country which has developed.
❖ 3.I found him gone. =that he had gone.(表完成）
大家应该也有点累了，稍作休息
大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流
▲B.在语态上，ing分词表“主动”，ed分词表“被动”
（多为及物动词）
❖ 1.I saw him writing a short novel.
=that he was writing a short novel.
❖ 2.He was reading a novel written by Charles Dickens.
=which was written by Charles Dichens.
语
D.▲ed+主句（不强调时间先后）;Being ed+主句（强调 主句和从句动作同时发生）;Having been ed+主句（强 调时间先后）如不强调时间先后可用ed,一般式来代替.
❖ 1.Used as a means of traffic in China,the bike is very useful.
Having been told several times, 可以写成=Told several times,
he couldn’t
understand what I meant.
4.非谓语动词的用法区别
不定式和动名词作宾语的区别：
❖ ⑴.下列动词常用不定式作宾语：
aim ,ask, dare ,appear, arrange ,demand, help, hesitate, pay, plan, wait, fail, seek, prepare, happen, mean, prove, expect, wish, hope, decide, refuse, offer, learn, agree, choose, promise, pretend, manage, care, determine, afford等。 如：He offered to help us .
