翻译理论与实践课作业
天津科技大学外语学院
作业一：字词的翻译
一、词的理解
1.一词多义：
wet
She had a wet nurse for the infant Elliot.
If you think I am for him, you are all wet.
She wet her pants at the news.
State
state and revolution,
state of the union
the united states.
3.词义引申：抽象化、具体化
Every life has its roses and thorns.
She stood there chewing over the strange thing.
The engine sounds good.
At 23, he had first learned what it is to be a Negro.
4.词的褒贬：comment
Alice was excited as a child, delighted to be once more the center of the comment. But what a comment, she could not help reflecting, on her own charms.
He walked around the room. He then stopped and looked around, “comment” ?
5.词的轻重：看词类、看场合、看句型、看习惯等等。Through；free
He slept the night through.
There is a through train to Beijing.
Through this way, they finished the task.
She is free with her money.
I made her free of my library.
二、词义的表达
1.直译法
dark horse Hot dog Forbidden fruit
暴发户半边天红卫兵
2意译法
blue jacket the yellow leaf Wet blanket
炒鱿鱼下海白拿
3.直译意译结合法
the apple of one’s eye as dull as a goose
Once in a blue moon as cool as a cucumber
Black sheep as timid as a rabbit
4.音译法
karaoke Guitar Model Coffee Sofa
气功太极功夫狗不理好利来
5.音译意译结合法
KFC
三、词法翻译
1.对等译法直接找到同原文对等的表达。
fish in troubled waters
turn up one’s nose at sb.
turn a deaf ear to,
make a fuss about,
look before you leap
there is no smoke without fire
more haste, less speed,
east and west, home is best.
2.具体译法
3.Class; family; transportation;
keep quiet; raise the roof,; oil and vinegar
4.抽象译法
eat like a bird ; break the ice
He has many hot potatoes to handle every day.
I was practically on my knees but he still refused.
The newly employed woman servant was extremely lazy and ate a lot, no more than a white elephant.
5.增词译法
after the football match, he’s got an important meeting.
6.省词译法
he is a good friend that speaks well of us behind our backs.
7.合词译法
his father is a man who forgives and forgets.
8.转性译法
it was a very informative meeting.
9.换形译法。
you think she will come if it is fine tomorrow, but I don’t think so.
10.褒贬译法ambitious
many people think that he is one of the most ambitious politicians of our times.
Although he is very young, he is very ambitious in his research work.
课后练习：
To make a long story short.
It is another story now.
He storied about his academic career and his professional career.
I don’t buy yo ur story.
Once the story got abroad, I would never hear the last of it.
Of Studies选段：
Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight is in privateness and
