新能源__英文ppt

Share of the world's nuclear power generation （2002）
Distribution of existing nuclear power plants in China
China's future nuclear power program



• 体内辐照 • 氡气
公众的电离辐射照射量
Canada's Pickering nuclear power plant
Nuclear power plant
China's Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station (Shenzhen)
Nuclear power plant
Japan beauty coast nuclear plants
体内放射性物质 11%
核电站周围辐射剂量为0.01mSv/年 肺部透视一次辐射剂量为0.02mSv 拍一次胸片的照射剂量为0.12mSv 北京与欧洲之间乘飞机往返一次的辐射剂量为0.04毫希 允许标准：公众剂量不超过1mSv/年
电 器 辐 射
医 疗 辐 射
氡气 55%
天然辐照占80%
• 宇宙辐照
• 陆地辐照
The peaceful use of nuclear energy in the world
The mid-70s of last century, the world entered the climax of the development of nuclear power plants
America's nuclear power plants (104)
Nuclear power in the world electric energy accounts for 17% (2000)
Fossil fuels for 85% of total energy.
Fossil fuels for 30% of the total electrical energy. Oil for electricity generation is a waste.
Renewable Energy
solar energy water power Wind Energyቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱTidal power
Scale subject to environmental, seasonal and geographical constraints Now Lack of development technology
structure of non-polluting energy
Nuclear energy is a doubleedged sword
宇宙射线 8% 辐射剂
天 然 宇宙射线 核医学 4% 辐 医疗X光照射 射 陆地射线 11%
花岗岩
日常消费 3%
建 筑 材 料
量不大
陆地射线 8%
核 辐射剂 辐 量大 射
Nuclear power plant
The peaceful use of nuclear energy
In 1951, the USA use a plutonium production reactor in the heat test generation, Britain, France, the Soviet Union and China, followed by the establishment of a number of nuclear power plants.
The advantages and disadvantages of nuclear energy


核能优点： 1.核能发电不造成空气污染，不产生加重地球温室效应的二氧化碳。 2.核燃料体积小，运输与储存方便. 3.核能发电的成本中，燃料费用所占的比例较低. 4.核原料丰富。 核能缺点： 1.核能电厂会产生放射性废料。 2.核能发电厂热效率较低，热污染较严重。 3.核能电厂投资成本太大，电力公司的财务风险较高。 4.核能电厂选址受环境影响较大。 5.核电厂如果在事故中释放到外界环境，会对生态及民众造成伤害。
Nuclear power
Nuclear submarine
Nuclear power plant
Changes in energy consumption
Natural gas Coal
Natural gas
the coal of 18th century
Oil Oil Coal
Solar Energy
Planning （2007-2015） Improved second-generation unit, has started construction: • 红沿河 (辽宁):建设6×1000MW,PWR; • 阳江 (广东):建设6×1000MW, PWR; • 方家山(浙江): 2×1000MW, PWR; • 福清、宁德（福建）：分别建设6×1000MW, PWR； • 昌江（海南） :建设2×650MW, PWR； Three generations of nuclear power, has started construction: • 三门 (浙江): 6×1250MW, PWR; • 海阳 (山东): 6×1250MW, PWR; • 台山（广东）:2×1750MW, PWR； Fourth-generation nuclear power: • 荣成石岛湾 (山东): 1×20MW, 高温气冷堆； • 三明（福建）：2×800MW, BN-800快中子核反应堆。
The current structure of the world's energy
煤 40% 石油 25%
其它 2% 核能 17% 煤 37% 石油 11% 天然气 15%
其它 5%
核能 8%
天然气 22%
水力 18%
世界能源消费结构（2000年）
世界电力能源结构（2000年）
Nuclear power in the world energy consumed in 8 percent
Nuclear energy－Infinite Energy
核裂变 Nuclear fission
If all use, can be used for 2400～ 2800 years
铀、钍矿石
Uranium and thorium ores
核聚变 Nuclear Fusion
Marine
氘（来自海水）、锂
Nuclear energy Renewable Energy
1920s-1960s
Nuclear energy New Energy
20th century
21st century
Fossil energy Reserves are limited！！
The world‘s population over 60 million， Increase of more than 2 times the late 19th century， Energy consumption increased by 16 times.
The peaceful use of nuclear energy in the world
There are over 441 nuclear power plants in the world, accounting for 17% of world electricity supply (2005)
Deuterium (from sea), lithium
40亿万吨
2千多亿吨
If realized controllable fusion, those can use of billions of years
Nuclear power is "the safest, cleanest and most cost-effective power resources "
Nuclear power in the new energy
大连理工大学 2011
Hydrogen bomb
The use of nuclear energy
Marine nuclear power
Nuclear weapons
Atomic bomb
Nuclear-powered aircraft carrier
综上所述：目前世界处在和平时代，发展是主流，为满足日益紧张的能 源需求，虽然核能有其不足之处，但利大于弊，我们应该积极发展。
The advantages and disadvantages of nuclear energy
Advantages of nuclear energy: 1. Nuclear power does not cause air pollution and does not produce carbon dioxide which aggravates global warming. 2. Nuclear fuel has small size so it is easy for transportation and storage. 3. Fuel costs accounts for a lower proportion in the cost of nuclear power generation. 4. Rich in nuclear material. Disadvantages of nuclear energy: 1. Nuclear power plant will produce radioactive waste. 2. Nuclear power plant has lower thermal efficiency and bad heat pollution. 3. Nuclear power plant needs large investment cost, the power company has higher financial risk. 4. The site of nuclear power plant is largely determined by environment. 5. The release into the external environment because of the accident will damage the ecology and people.