托福听力生物学话题到底考什么
生物学主题可以说是托福考试各个部分各类素材中较为热门的一个主题了，大家无论是在听力阅读还是口语写作中都有可能遇到和生物学有关的资料。下面就和大家分享托福听力讲座类热门话题场景解析,希望能够帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。
托福听力讲座类热门话题场景解析生物学话题到底考什么?
托福听力讲座中的生物学话题场景解析
根据常考内容，生物场景可再细分为三个：动物、植物、微小有机体。其中，动物类话题占到了三分之二，植物与微小有机体一起占到了剩下的三分之一。
托福听力讲座生物学话题解析：.动物
在动物类话题当中，有以下几方面的词汇是经常提到的，对于场景单词的掌握就可以从以下几方面着手：
动物名称，分类名称
此部分记忆一些常见的单词即可，比如动物名称：whale, dolphin, squirrel, wolf, hawk, moth, 这些单词基本在中学英语学习当中就已学过，但个别不常见的单词也需要背，比如beaver,
hippopotamus, 因为这些单词在TPO，也就是在考试当中经常出现;当然还有一些最基本的表示动物分类的词，例如mammal, insect, marine animal, predator, prey, herbivore等。太难且不太常见的一些分类说法，例如invertebrate, mollusk认识一下即可，不需要牢固掌握。
动物行为
此部分词汇基本为动词，我们并不陌生的一些表示动物行为的词汇都是我们需要掌握的，例如migrate, mate, hibernate, forage, reproduce, inhabit, breed等。由于动物行为是最常提到的一部分内容，所以，对于动物行为的单词也要特别熟练。
栖息地
这是动物学中另一个经常提到的内容，且这部分内容通常都会结合动物其他方面的特性进行阐述，比如有些生物因为长年生活在深深的洞穴当中所以白化，有的动物因栖息地气候环境好，竞争少，所以性格独立，喜欢独居。因此，一些常见的栖息地的说法也要掌握，这部分词汇除了名词，比如prairie, marsh, ocean, wetland等，也需要掌握一些对于栖息地环境描述的形容词，比如harsh, humid, barren等。
身体及外形
由于动物学中经常会提到仿生学的概念，或者和考古学挂钩，所以，不免遇到一些内容是说对于动物身体做研究的，那么就要掌握一些诸如tail, claw, skull, skeleton, lung, liver等表示动物身上某个部位的单词，过于生僻的不用在意去背。
托福听力讲座生物学话题解析：.植物
植物学botany虽不常有，但对于植物学里内容的研究总结发现，有些单词也是经常提到的，一部分是表示栖息地的单词，这些词汇和动物学里表示栖息地的单词是一样的。还有一部分词汇我们可以将其理解为“植物行为”，比如germinate, bloom, pollinate, thrive等。其中，pollinate(名词为pollen)一词可以说是只要提到植物，十有89都会提到的词。而对于植物的名称或者是植物的一些部位，比如stem, bud, vine, bark重复性都不高，如果在TPO里遇见，认识一下即可。植物的单词虽难，但毕竟常考到的比较有限，背起来压力还不算大。
托福听力讲座生物学话题解析：.微小有机体
此部分词汇多是和一些肉眼看不见的生命体的名称和行为有关。这部分常见词汇数量较多，且分类主线不是很明确，不过我们大致可以把这部分词汇看成两类。一类是这些微小有机体的名称，比如virus, cell, bacteria, nerve, microbe, enzyme, 这类单词比较杂，且难度上两极分化情况比较明显，大部分都是比较常见的，或者是中学或大学四、六级必备词汇，平常有一定积累的同
学一定会觉得有很多单词早已认识或记起来很轻松，但类似刚刚提到的enzyme一词，难度一下子就到了另外一个高度。另外一类词是微小有机体的一些行为，这些单词也会在生物学其他场景中出现，比如metabolize, secrete, digest, denature等。
托福听力：听力考试的3个启示
一、熟悉美式发音的特点，纠正自身发音。
充分熟悉美音的特点，把握住美音和其它主流发音的典型差异是攻克托福听力的一个重要因素和关键前提。试想如果一个考生习惯于英式发音，很少接触美式发音的听力材料，那么在应对托福考试时将有很大的不适应感，也会由于一些发音的不同而造成理解的障碍，例如：schedule[5Fedju:l](英式发音)[5skedVjul](美式发音)，bath[bB:W](英式发音)[bAW](美式发音)。除了所给出的例子，听力中还有很多存在英美音差异的单词，对于这些单词的发音特点是否熟悉一定程度上决定了听力理解的过程是否顺畅。除此之外，导致听力过程中出现问题的另一个普遍存在的现象是很多学生自身的单词发音不正确或不准确，因此专家建议考生在练习听力的过程中，可以使用跟读，模仿来熟悉新托福听力中的实际美式发音，同时修正自身的发音，进而避免在实际考试时由于语音问题而造成的失分。事实上，语音的改善和提高不仅益于听力测试，对于口语也有很大的好处，可谓“一石二鸟”。
二、阅读和听力相辅相成。
托福听力完全围绕学术场景展开，在每次测试的4到6个LECTURE中，检测内容含盖了四个大方面(Arts, Life Science, Physical Science, Social Science)的近50个TOPICS，如cave/rock art, fish and other aquatic organisms等。由此可见，如果考生对考察点的背景知识了解很少，对和背景知识相关的学术词汇了解很少，听力过程中将会出现很大的理解障碍。例如下面这段听力材料：
There have been several influential studies in pain management. Some of the most interesting of these study endorphins, the body’s own natural painkillers. For example, we now know that exercise stimulates the production of endorphins. Lack of exercise, on the other hand, not only shuts down endorphin production, but can also lead to muscle deterioration. This is why you see a lot of pain specialists prescribing exercise for patients with chronic pain. Another interesting area involves the power of the placebo effect. We’ve known for some time that a sugar pill or other inactive placebo can sometimes make a sick person feel better. Somehow, the power of suggestion….of faith in the doctor, or the drug…will start a process of healing. We now think a neurochemical component—what may actually happen is the placebo effect allows some people to sort of tap into the supply6 of endorphins in their own brains.
2020托福听力满分攻略 托福听力满分有没有可能?只要认真备考提升听力能力，托福听力拿满分是非常有可能的。今天小编给大家带来了托福听力满分攻略,希望能够帮助到大家，一起来学习吧。 托福听力满分攻略 三遍听写法听写练习 是指听写。将一篇听力录音中的原文全部听录下来，它是提高听力有效的方法。对于准备新托福考试的考生而言，比较好的听写材料是老托福的lecture。基础比较薄弱的学生，可以先花一个月的时间将新概念第二和第三册的美英版听写完，然后再来听写老托福的lecture。 创造全英语听力环境 是指“下意识的听力练习”。它是指为自己创造一个英文的环境，比如早晨一起床，我们就打开音箱播放英语，可以是托福的听力材料，可以是英文广播，也可以是一部英文电影等，这样做的好处是随时都可以听到英语，在潜移默化中不知不觉地加深对英语的敏感度。其实这点和泛听有点类似。 精听练习必不可少 是指精听。我们这里所说的“精听”步骤如下：一边听一边看原文，划出自己不认识或似曾相识但反应不过来的词;录音结束，开始查生词，写在原文的旁边，只要写出这个单词在这篇文章中的意思即可;将这篇材料当阅读文章快速精读一遍，彻底看懂;再一边看原文，一边放录音，嘴上要跟读，反复几遍，一直听到可以不看原文彻底听懂为止。精听材料有很多，推荐SSS(Scientific American’s Sixty-second Science)，它非常短，但信息量很大，更重要的是，它是新托福听力出题的重要来源。 多做延伸听力练习 是指高质量的泛听。泛听的“泛”并不指态度的懒散，而是针对整体的要求。我认为泛听的材料有两个：一个是National Geographic(国家地理频道)，另一个是Discovery(探索)。看的时候一定要有英文字幕。每天看，养成习惯，会有很大收获。虽然有些考生认为泛听没有效果，关键开始因人而异，找到适合考生自己的听力训练方法，自然事半功倍。
老托Part C精选93篇 1 Community service is an important component of education here at our university. We encourage all students to volunteer for at least one community activity before they graduate. A new community program called "One On One" helps elementary students who've fallen behind. You education majors might be especially interested in it because it offers the opportunity to do some teaching—that is, tutoring in math and English. You'd have to volunteer two hours a week for one semester. You can choose to help a child with math, English, or both. Half-hour lessons are fine, so you could do a half hour of each subject two days a week. Professor Dodge will act as a mentor to the tutors—he'll be available to help you with lesson plans or to offer suggestions for activities. He has office hours every Tuesday and Thursday afternoon. You can sign up for the program with him and begin the tutoring next week. I'm sure you'll enjoy this community service and you'll gain valuable experience at the same time. It looks good on your resume, too, showing that you've had experience with children and that you care about your community. If you'd like to sign up, or if you have any questions, stop by Professor Dodge's office this week. 【生词摘录】 https://www.doczj.com/doc/c6563503.html,ponent: n.［C］one of several parts that together make up a whole machine or system （机器或系统的）零件；成分；组成部分 2.tutor: n.［C］someone who teaches one pupil or a small group, and is directly paid by them 家庭教师，私人教师 v. to teach someone as a tutor 给… 当家庭教师；指导 3.mentor: n.［C］an experienced person who advises and helps a less experienced person 顾问，指导人，教练
托福听力分类词汇汇总
植物学 botany植物学botanical / botanic植物学的horticulture 园艺学aquatic plant 水生植物parasite plant 寄生植物root 根canopy树冠层/顶棚foliage / leaf 叶 leaflet 小叶rosette（叶的）丛生 stem 茎stalk 杆leafstalk叶柄shoot / sprout 嫩芽/抽枝 flower花bud 花蕾petal花 瓣peel / skin 果皮 shell（硬）果 壳 husk（干）果 壳/（玉米苞叶 trunk树干 bark树皮 branch树枝 bough大或者 粗的树枝 twig小树枝 jungle丛林 lawn草 meadow草地/ 牧场prairie大 草原mosses苔 藓shrub / bush灌木 cluster一簇 （灌木） fern蕨类植物 horsetails木 贼类植物 club mosses石 松类植物herb 草 photosynthesi s光合作用 chlorophyll 叶绿素 symbiosis共 生 symbiotic 共生 的 wither / shrivel / fade 凋谢blossom 花pollen花粉
pollinate传授花粉petal花瓣nectar花蜜tissue 组织organ器官system 系统seeds种子everlasting永久的crossbreed杂交 root pressure 根压 bore腔/肠cohesion-tensi on凝聚压力column花柱necrosis坏死barren 贫瘠的；不生育的futile无用的carbohydrate (starch)碳水 化合物（淀粉） glucose葡萄 糖starch淀粉 fat 脂肪 protein蛋白 质 vitamin 维他 命 malnourished 营养不良的 nutrition 营养 perennial 多年 一生的 annual一年一 生的 verdant 嫩绿 的，翠绿的 evergreen常 青树 conifer tree针 叶树 larch 落叶松 pine松树 spruce云杉 juniper 刺 柏；杜松 sequoia红杉 elm榆树 walnut核桃树 redwood红木 树 plum blossom 梅花 orchid兰花 chrysanthemu m 菊花 water lily荷花 /莲花 rhododendron 杜鹃花 carnation康 乃馨 jasmine茉莉
IBT-SAT小马过河—专业备考社区 新托福听力话题分类（TPO真题1-19） 托福真题TPO迄今为止已经出了19套，其中听力部分话题种类很多：生物，人文历史，天文地理等等等等，学习的时候容易被 各种话题的专业词汇和情境弄得晕头转向^_^，因此，小马特别推出新托福听力话题分类及统计，供大家学习的时候针对性地作系统 练习： 1、新托福TPO1-19的听力话题分类——见下表1，每套题听力部分共6篇文章=2个conversation+4个lecture，每篇文章都作了话题 分类。 2、新托福听力话题分类统计——见下表2，每个话题下都归纳了相关文章的出处及编号。 新托福听力话题分类表的使用方法 1、了解常考的话题及最高频话题，有针对地系统学习话题。根据表2的统计可以看出，托福听力最常考的话题是艺术，我们就可以 连续专攻表格列出的17篇艺术类的文章，系统地学习会比零散话题的学习收获更大，因为同样的话题，无论是词汇还是所谈论的对象，重复的几率相当大。 2、有针对地学习常考话题的专业词汇，再去听文章！听力专业词汇的出现频率远远高于abandon，可以让你背单词的时候事半功倍 哦^_^ 托福听力专业词汇可以参考：托福听力分类词汇（12类） https://www.doczj.com/doc/c6563503.html,/forum-viewthread-tid-12140-fromuid-2.html 3、与新托福TPO听力资源配合使用，新托福TPO全套资源下载链接： 新托福阅读TPO全套下载（TPO1-19） https://www.doczj.com/doc/c6563503.html,/dl/topic/99d95d13ca6345b8b33cc600828a99b2 新托福听力TPO全套下载（TPO1-19） https://www.doczj.com/doc/c6563503.html,/forum-viewthread-tid-84752-fromuid-254284.html 新托福写作TPO全套下载（TPO1-19） https://www.doczj.com/doc/c6563503.html,/forum-viewthread-tid-92668-fromuid-254284.html 新托福口语TPO全套下载（TPO1-19） https://www.doczj.com/doc/c6563503.html,/forum-viewthread-tid-92604-fromuid-254284.html
老托福听力93篇(87-88)-These days we take 87 These days we take for granted the wide variety of music available on the radio. But, this wasn't always the case. In the early days of radio, stations were capable of broadcasting only a narrow range of sounds, which was all right for the human voice but music didn't sound very good. There was also a great deal of crackling and other static noises that further interfered with the quality of the sound. A man named Edwin Armstrong, who was a music lover, set out to change this. He invented FM radio, a technology that allowed stations to send a broad range of frequencies that greatly improved the quality of the music. Now, you'd think that this would have made him a millionaire; it didn't. Radio stations at that time had invested enormous amounts of money in the old technology. So the last thing they wanted was to invest millions more in the new technology. Nor did they want to have to compete with other radio stations that had a superior sound and could put them out of business. So they pressured the Federal Communications Commission, the department of the United States government that regulates radio stations, to put restrictive regulations on FM radio. The result was that its use was limited to a very small area around New England. Of course as we all know, Edwin Armstrong's FM technology eventually prevailed and was adopted by thousands of stations around the world. But this took years of court battles and he never saw how it came to affect the lives of almost everyone. 【生词摘录】 1. crackling: n. [C]爆裂声 2. static: adj. 静电的 3. FM: 调频(frequency modulation) 4. frequency: n. [C]频率 5. millionaire: n. [C]百万富翁，大富豪 6. restrictive: adj. 限制性的 7. regulation: n. 规则，规章 8. prevail: v. 流行，盛行，获胜，成功 9. adopt: v. 采用 88 I'm going to talk about a train that exemplifies the rise and fall of passenger trains in the United States: the Twentieth Century Limited. Let me go back just a bit. In 1893, a special train was established to take people from New York to an exposition in Chicago. It was so successful that regular service was then set up between these cities. The inaugural trip of the Twentieth Century Limited was made in 1902. The train was different from what anyone had ever seen before. It was pulled by a steam engine and had five cars: two sleepers, a dining car, an observation car, and a baggage car, which, believe it or not, contained a library. The 42 passengers the train could carry were waited on by a large staff. There were even secretaries and a barber on board. It wasn't long before people had to wait two years to get a reservation. As time passed, technical improvements shortened the trip by a few hours. Perhaps the biggest technological change occurred in 1945, the switch from steam to diesel engines. By the 1960's, people were traveling by car and airplane. Unfortunately, the great old train didn't survive until the end of the century it was named for. 【生词摘录】
托福听力备考4个基本要素 托福听力中考生常会因为听不懂长难句而无法顺利解答题目，而长难句本身的高难度也会让许多同学头疼不已。下面就和大家分享托福听力备考4个基本要素，来欣赏一下吧。 托福听力备考4个基本要素 托福听力备考以“词”为首 “词”为四要素之首为，托福考试涉及艺术、生命科学、自然科学、社会科学四大学科，44个话题，考察学术环境下的听力能力，要求考生掌握8000左右词汇量，其中包括学科专有词汇。良好的词汇基础就是听力高分的必要因素。 那么不同年级的同学如何准备词汇呢?小学和初中阶段备考同学可以按照初中词汇、高中词汇、四级词汇、托福词汇的顺序进行准备，高中阶段的同学可以按照高中词汇、四级词汇、托福词汇的顺序备考，大学阶段的同学可以考虑从四级词汇或托福词汇开始备考。确定词汇记忆的范围后，我们还需要注意托福听力的词汇记忆不同于阅读的词汇记忆，虽然两者的范围相当，但记忆方法却截然不同。阅读讲究用“看”的方式来识词，而听力则要用听的方式。因此记单词的时候可以采取“看-听”同步的形式熟练生词发音，即时反应，尽量达到2秒内精准输出生词意思。
托福听力备考先“听”再“记” “听”，托福听力学习过程中，“听”先于“记”，同学们需要确保听懂听力的基础上，加强笔记。如何提升听的能力呢?我们可以采用泛听与精听结合的方式。泛听即广泛的听，用于培养英语语感，目的在于在听力练习中以掌握*的整体意思。因此，泛听并不要要求百分之百听懂听力材料中的所有细节,只求听懂大意。备考的同学可以选择自己喜欢的方式练习泛听，如看美剧、听英文歌、模仿英语演讲、听英文广播等。精听材料尽量选择官方真题Official或与考试学科、难度相近的资料。学习过程中需要进行精读、精听、模仿跟读、影子跟读、口述输出。 托福听力备考要合“理” “理”，这里指的是听力的逻辑规律。托福听力需要掌握一些基础的逻辑论证框架和出题规律，如问题-解决方案、举例论证、对比论证、因果论证、分类论证、反对-赞同等。 如官方真题Official27-L1体现论证体现事物的因果关系 Mangrove root systems have the ability to absorb and, well, trap sediments and pollutants in water that flow through them before they enter the ocean.This of course has beneficial results for the nearby coral reefs.
新托福听力场景汇总之LECTURE篇 1.生物学 antibody抗体toxin毒素immunity免疫immunology免疫学vaccine疫苗fungus真菌bacteria细菌fermentation发酵inflection传染 / 感染microorganism / microbe微生物virus病毒disfection消毒sterilization灭菌biology生物学marine biology海洋生物学entomology昆虫学ornithology鸟类学microbiology微生物学genetics遗传学speciology物种学parasitology寄生虫学paleontology古生物学paleontologist古生物学家dinosaur恐龙die out / extinction灭绝mammal 哺乳动物carnivore食肉动物rodent啮齿类动物underwater水下的marine海洋的scuba 水下呼吸器diving潜水 / 跳水one-celled organism单细胞有机体tissue（动植物细胞的）组织protective camouflage保护色predator捕猎者oceanic海洋的snail蜗牛animal adaptation动物适应性survival of the fittest适者生存origin of species物种起源wild environment野生环境insecticide杀虫剂prenatal care产前护理habitat栖息地tentacle触须prey捕食navigate导航tiny receptor接收器nerve 神经/ specimen样品amphibian两栖类动物decline in the number数量减少gene基因genetic基因的，遗传的endangered species濒危动物survival活着的transition转变/过渡microbe 微生物yeast酵母（菌）bacteria 细菌single-cell单细胞reptile爬行类动物hatch孵化incubation 孵化nest巢offspring子孙chew up咀嚼unfertilized eggs未受精卵nutrient营养品nourishment营养品 / 食物feed喂养cannibalism同类相食respiration呼吸ingestion摄食digestion消化digestive enzyme消化酶cell细胞nucleus细胞核cytoplasm细胞质plasma lemma / cell membrane细胞膜cell wall细胞壁protein蛋白质amino acid核酸plankton浮游生物heredity遗传mutation of species物种变异chromosome染色体genetic engineering遗传工程solitary独居social群居bio-diversity生物多样性metamorphosis变态/变形mutation变种variation变异 2.动物学 zoology动物学Darwinism达尔文学说natural selection自然选择phylum门class纲order目suborder亚目family科genus属species 种invertebrate无脊椎动物vertebrate脊椎动物aquatic life水生动物reptile爬行动物amphibian/amphibious animal两栖动物protozoa原生动物rodent啮齿动物ruminant反刍动物parasitic animal寄生动物primate灵长动物plankton浮游生物mollusk 软体动物coelenterate腔肠动物（如水母、海蜇、珊瑚等）herbivore食草动物mammal哺乳动物homotherm恒温动物cold-blooded animal冷血动物poikilotherm变温动物scavenger食腐动物carnivorous食肉的herbivorous食草的omnivorous杂食的bird鸟类camouflage伪装hibernate冬眠；蛰伏regeneration再生predatory / carnivore食肉的predator捕食者prey捕食hordes/swarms （昆虫等）群flock（牛、羊等）群community动物的群落或人的部落population种群herd兽群hygiene卫生sanitation公共卫生；卫生设施monogamous一夫一妻的/一雌一雄的polygamous一夫多妻的/一雄多雌的polyandrous一妻多夫的/一雌多雄的nomadic游牧的；流浪的trapper诱捕动物者niche小生态环境vestige 退化的器官fertilize使受精metabolism新陈代谢breed（名词）品种；（动词）繁殖multiply / reproduce繁殖spawn（鱼、虾、蛙等）孵anatomy解剖学appetite食欲creature生物scales鳞feathers羽毛armor甲spinal cord脊椎digestive system消化系统excretory system排泄系统reproductive system生殖系统circulatory system循环系统respiratory system呼吸系统hormonal system内分泌系统digestive duct消化管esophagus食管stomach胃small intestine小肠large intestine大肠anus肛门digestive gland消化腺salivary gland 唾液腺liver肝gallbladder胆pancreas胰squirrel松鼠marten貂bat蝙蝠squeak（老鼠等）吱吱otter水獭antelope羚羊gorilla大猩猩chimpanzee黑猩猩baboon狒狒
2018年7月7日托福考情回顾丨雷哥托福 托福独立写作至少考过三次，口语话题原来是写作话题，阅读和听力重复题也多，历年真题重现日？对于不少考生来说，仍然是生面孔，整体难度依然较大，考完这场再奔赴下一场托福考试......好嘛，下面跟雷哥托福小托君一起看看都考了什么题，说不定下次的托福考试就重复了今天的考题呢？ 7月7日托福口语 Task1 If the government has a large sum of money,which area would suggest the government invest to?1.space exploration, https://www.doczj.com/doc/c6563503.html,cation, 3.Health care.考过很多了类似话题了，很多题目思路及语料准备好了，口语和写作都无压力~ 16年6月4写作 The most important thing for government to improve health care is to clean the environment. 18年1月13写作 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:It's a waste of money for Government to fund space travel or space exploration. Task2 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:parents should discourage children to join some competitive activities,like sports or entertainment. Task3add weekend art workshop（同2017年1月14日） 学生的letter建议学校开设weekend art workshop，不同意，已经有类似的选修课；占用艺术专业学生的教室，不会对他们有好处。举了个她朋友的例子Photograph，还有他们平时的功课需要weekend，完成举了个她自己big sculpture的例子。 Task4recruitment（同2015年9月13日） fire ants（火蚁）怎么寻找食物再利用chemical traits回窝的。
2019年12月11日托福听力答案解析C1： 学生去找教授，因为参加debate tournament, 所以会缺课，学生询问教授是否能够提前让教授返回他论文的first draft。关于辩论赛，学生一方需要支持的观点是减少对科学类的funding，增加对社科类的funding。教授后来要讲到的内容是Mexico的地面下陷，因为对 地下水的过度开发，clay的密度不均匀。塌陷后很难复原，就像榨出 果汁的橘子很难复原一样。 名师解析： 又是一篇目的主旨出现在中间的对话，提醒各位学员，对于不是 开门见山类的对话，开头寒暄的内容也务必注意去听，抓好每个问答 的切入点。比如这篇就考了学生辩论赛的论题比较有挑战的非主旨细节。再就是这篇题目把常规的环境科学类的学术内容穿插到了对话中，需要考生对这类对话中学术内容的提取。以橘子为例，类比细节的考 察要注意。Uneven，aquifer，clay，sink，pump等词汇的识记。 相关练习： TPO25-C2 吀倀伀26-C2 吀倀伀31-C1; L1 Art history 讲一种艺术的类型 Conceptual art，并不是beauty for beauty's sake,而是能够激发人们的想法。用一个例子，one and three chairs，即不同形式的椅子如何引发人们的思考。但是很多人 并不喜欢这样的形式，有些批评者和大众认为他们太过于概念化。后 面讲了一个这个流派的代表，但是容易让大众接受的自己的艺术，自 己发搞笑的小视频，来讽刺广告。自己养了小狗，发小狗的视，展示affection. 其中一个视频叫correct spelling mistakes，他去纠正
老托福听力Part C 93篇-5 [生词摘录] 1. videotape: V. to record a television programme, film etc. on a videotape 2. vacuum: n. [C] a space that is completely empty of all gas, especially one from which all the air has been taken away 3. shade: n. [U] slight darkness or shelter from the direct light of the sun made by something blocking it 4. toasty: adj. [AmE] (informal) warm and comfortable 5. Fahrenheit: n. [U] a scale of temperature in which water freezes at 32°and boils at 212° 6. marvel: n. [C] something or someone surprisingly useful or skillful, that you like and admire very much 7. enlargement: n. [C] a photograph that has been printed again in a larger size 8. life-size(life-sized): adj. a picture or model of something or someone that is life-size is the same size as they are in real life 9. shuttle: n. [C] a spacecraft that can fly into space and return to Earth, and can be used more than once 10. mission: n. [C] an important job done by a member of the airforce, army etc, especially an attack on the enemy 11.torso: n. [C] your body, not including your head, arms, or legs 12. durable: adj. staying in good condition for a long time even
学术讲座—学生版 生物tpo24 lecture 1 一、背景介绍： 生物学讲座主要涉及到的小学科有conservation biology保护生物学，marine biology海洋生物学，zoology动物学和botany植物学。主要话题有以下五个：动物行为研究；动物和环境之间的关系；动物交流方式；动物身体结构；动物保护。 二、分类表格：
三、各分类常见逻辑结构： 生物类考点分析 分类 部位及特征 用途（植物） 习性（动物） 栖息地 繁殖 与其他生物的关系 生存状况 相关研究 生物类常见逻辑结构 在课堂演讲中，教授常常会就某一生物现象或者生物特征进行讲解，并举出相应的例子进行证明，期间往往会有老师的自问自答和已经和学生之间的讨论。 四、十三大原则中这节课会用到的原则+举例
1. 开头原则： 2. 问答原则 3. 举例原则 4. 强调原则（语义的强调）： 5. 结尾原则 五、本次课可能用到的笔记法 1. 笔记热身 1）中文简写 2）符号 2. TPO1 Conversation1 笔记 六、词汇，短语及句式 1）生物类场景常用的词汇
2）本次课常用词汇
3）本次课常用短语及句式： 七、文章框架分析 1. Crocodile: a predator that hasn't evolved much in the last seventy million years 2. The functions of American alligators’ vocalization: ①To threaten other males ② To attract mates The functions of baby crocodiles’vocalization: ①getting attention ②letting others know you are distressed：baby crocodiles。 The relationship of vocalization between crocodiles and mammals 3. The functions of mother crocodiles’ vocalization: to ensure their babies follow her. 八、听力文本 Narrator:
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推荐主题 ●【托福听力技巧】学会听结构和找题点 ●【托福口语】教你如何三天搞定托福口语 ●【托福复议】详解托福复议怎么能提分 ●【托福阅读高分】学会不求甚解 ●【托福综合写作】一周内如何练就速记 ●【ACT宠妃】逗号的逆袭（转） 【阅读】新托福阅读艺术类文章大汇总ARTS The House of Native American Tribe The earliest American folk art portraits The Music of Films Barbara Kasten The Works of Joyce Carol Oates The Printed Word The Art Nouveau Style Arts and Crafts Movement The House of Native American Tribe Keywords: United States, pueblos, buildings, chambers, niches Another early Native American tribe in what is now the southwestern part of the United States was the Anasazi. By A. D. 800 the Anasazi Indians were constructing multistory pueblos-massive, stone apartment compounds. Each one was virtually a stone town, which is why the Spanish would later call them pueblos, the Spanish word for towns. These pueblos represent one of the Anasazis' supreme achievements. At least a dozen large stone houses took shape below the bluffs of Chiaco Canyon in northwest New
老托福听力93篇(45-46)-So, why did what is now 45 So, why did what is now called "modern dance" begin in the United States? To begin to answer this question, I'll need to backtrack a little bit and talk about classical ballet. By the late 1800's, ballet had lost a lot of its popularity. Most of the ballet dancers who performed in the United States were brought over from Europe. They performed using the rigid techniques that had been passed down through the centuries. Audiences and dancers in the United States were eager for their own, "contemporary" dance form. And, so, around 1900, dancers created one. So, how was this "modern" dance so different from classical ballet? Well, most notably, it wasn't carefully choreographed. Instead, the dance depended on the improvisation and free, personal expression of the dancers. Music and scenery were of little importance to the "modern" dance, and lightness of movement wasn't important either. In fact, modern dancers made no attempt at all to conceal the effort involved in a dance step. But even if improvisation appealed to audiences, many dance critics were less than enthusiastic about the performances. They questioned the artistic integrity of dancers who were not professionally trained and the artistic value of works that had no formal structure. Loie Fuller, after performing Fire Dance, was described as doing little more than turning "round and round like an eggbeater." Yet, the free, personal expression of the pioneer dancers is the basis of the "controlled freedom" of modern dance today. 【生词摘录】 1. backtrack: v. (由原路)返回，后退 2. ballet: n. [C]芭蕾舞 3. rigid: adj. 严格的 4. contemporary: adj. 当代的 5. choreograph: v. 设计舞蹈动作，精心编排 6. improvisation: n. 即席创作 7. scenery: n. 舞台布景 8. lightness: n. 轻盈，灵活 9. conceal: v. 隐藏 10. eggbeater: n. [C]打蛋器 11. pioneer: adj. 先驱，创始人 12. controlled freedom: 克制的自由 46 Today I want to discuss fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. The term "fossil fuel" refers to the trapped remains of plants and animals in sedimentary rock. You see, living plants trap energy from the sun by the process of photosynthesis, and they store the energy in their chemical compounds. Most of that energy is released when the plant dies and decays. However, sometimes organic matter is buried before it decays completely. In this way some of the solar energy becomes trapped in rocks, hence the name fossil fuel. Although the amount of organic matter trapped in any one growing season is small, the accumulated remains from millions of years are considerable. Because the accumulation rate is so slow, millions of times slower than the rate at which we now dig up this organic matter and