何为非谓语动词? 非谓语动词在句中不作谓语,但它 可以分别作句子中的主语,宾语,表 语,定语,状语,或宾语补足语等成 份。 非谓语动词可以由动词不定式,动名 词以及分词等形式。 例题解析 1.What can you see in the zoo? -- Some monkeys ______ (jump) in the trees. 答案为: jumping 该题考查的是非谓语动词。回答时省略了主语 与谓语。完整回答是:I can see some monkeys jumping in the trees. jumping 在句中作后置定语, 修饰其前面的名词monkeys. 谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别 1.He can play basketball. Basketball can be played by him. 句中的can play 与can be played 称为谓语动词, 它们分别在句中作谓语,只是语态的不同。 2.Mr Green entered the shop and bought some apples . 2. I have some pictures painted by my friends. 句中也有两个动词have 与painted .其中 have 在句中作谓语,叫做谓语动词,而 painted 这个过去分词位于宾语pictures 名词之后,在句中不作谓语,而作了 pictures 的定语,称之为过去分词后置定 语,修饰其前面的名词。 谓语动词在句中作谓语,常位于主语后面, 及物动词后面常接宾语。有些句了可以省去 主语,但句子不能没有谓语。Eg. Open the window , please . / Don’t play basketball in the classroom.句中的谓语可以是and 连结的并列 谓语。 Leabharlann Baidu 1.My teacher told me to hand in my exercise on A. was written B. writes C. wrote D. written 该题考查是非谓语动词。 书是写的动作的对象。 所以答案为:D. written . 过去分词作后置定语,修饰其前面的名词book. 注意:如果是考查非谓语动词,则要从三个 方面去考虑:动词不定式,动名词,分词 (现在分词、过去分词)。现在分词表进行, 过去分词表被动。 time . 句中有两个动词told 与to hand in 。其中 的told 在句中作谓语,把它叫做谓语动 词,而to hand in 不是一个并列的谓语, 但它也是一个动词,我们把它叫做非谓 语动词。在句中它作了介词me 宾语的补 足语成份,我们把to hand in 称为动词不 定式作宾语的补足语。 1.Do you mind my _u_s_in_g_ (use) your dictionary . 2.Please tell me howto_p_l_a_y (play) computer games . is called 3.He ____ (call) Damao by his friends . A. growing B. are growing C. are grown D. to grow 该题考查的也是个谓语动词,而且是一般现 在时的被动语态。oranges 是生产的对象,为 复数形式。所以答案为 C. are grown. 5.What are you doing ? I’m reading a book _____ (write) by Mr Black. 该题考查的也是谓语动词,而且是一个并列 的谓语动词,应与其前后动词的形式与时态 一致。答案为:danced . 注意:如果考查谓语动词,要考虑该动词的时 态、语态与数的关系。 4.-- People grow apples here . -- No. But we know oranges _____ here. 句中的entered and bought 为并列的谓语的动词。 and 连结的两个或两个以上的谓语动词,其动词 时态与结构要一致。 3.He asked me if I could play soccer ball. 这是一个由连词if 引导的宾语从句,主句 中的asked 与从句中的could play 都叫做谓 语动词。 3.I heard Mike singing in the classroom this morning . 同样,句中也有两个动词heard 与singing .其中 heard 称之为谓语动词,而singing 叫做非谓语 动词。作了宾语Mike 的补足成份,我们称之为 现在分词作宾语的补足语。 4.We read some articlesw__ri_tt_e_n (write) by Mike . 5.Can you see some boytsa_lk_i_n_g (talk ) under the tree ? 6.Mr Black has cometo__b_o_rro(bworrow) my computer. 7.Have you finishedr_e_a_d_in(gread) the book yet ? 2.--Where’s the raincoat , mom? -- It ______ (hang) behind the door. 答案为:is hanging . 该题考查是谓语动词。句中缺少了谓语。 3.They ate cakes , sang and _____ (dance ) at the party . 8.To get more people’s applause(鼓掌), Mr Black tried to make his speechu_n_d_e_r_st_o_o_d(understand) . 下面我们以动词不定式来详解非谓语动词 的用法。 其结构为:to +do (动词原形) 非 谓