英语词汇突破词形转换类单句语法填空必修五

人教版高中英语必修五unit1_完形填空（科技篇）题型专项突破含答案题型专项突破- Unit1完形填空一、完形填空The rocket engine, with its steady roar（轰鸣）like that of a waterfall or a thunderstorm, is an impressive symbol of the new space age. Rocket engines have(1) powerful enough t0 shod astronauts (2) the earth’s gravitational (引力) pull and (3) them on the moon. We have now become space(3) .Impressive and complex 5 it may appear, the rocket, which was (6) in China over 800 years (3) , is a relatively simple device. Fuel that is (8) in the rocket engine changes (9) gas. The hot and rapidly (10) gas must escape, but it can do so only (11) an opening that (12) backward. As the gas is (13) with great force, it (14) the rocket in the (15) direction. Like the kick of a gun (16) it is fired, it (17) the laws of nature (18) by Sir Isaac Newton when he discovered that “(19) every action, there is (20) equal and opposite reaction.”(1) A. shown B. been C. appeared D. proved(2) A. against B. despite C. beyond D. from(3) A. send B.了and C. take D. carry(4) A. travelers B. astronauts C. researchers D. explorers(5) A. because B. so C. as D. although(6) A. made B. discovered C. developed D. invented(7) A. in advance B. before C. earlier D. ago(8) A. round B. contained C. stored D. burned(9) A. as B. into C. for D. the(10) A. heating B. escaping C. expanding D. conducting(11) A. in B. at C. by D. through(12) A. turns B. goes C. faces D. directs(13) A. transmitted B. spread C. set D. radiated(14) A. attracts B. leads C. pulls D. pushes(15) A. same B. other C. oppositeD. wrong(16) A. that B. when C. if D. although(17) A. states B. proves C. follows D. breaks(18) A. described B. discussed C. consideredD. made(19) A. Like B. As C. With D. For(20) A. no B. an C. another D. the答案：(1)-(5) DCBAC (6)-(10)DDDBC (11)-(15) DCDDC (16)-(20)BCADB解析：(1)根据空后形容词powerful作表语可推知，此处应选系动词proved,意为“证明是”。

词汇训练必修五- 核心词汇综合达标Unit 1 、单词拼写(根据中文提示拼写单词)1.It was a great _______________(方便) to live near my company.2.Finding a solution to this problem is one of the greatest __________(挑战) facedby scientists today.3.________________(责备) for the breakdown of the school computer network,Alice was in low spirits.4.He will be prepared to make an _________________ (宣布通知)about theplan in China.5.We must takes measu res to prevent our earth from__________________________（污染).6.Who wrote a book _________________(解释) how animals and plants developedas the environment changed?7.When he came back three hours later，they were still sitting on the sofa，_________(吸收全神贯注于) in the conversation.8.The woman had the water __________(运送)to her house every day.9.His wound became __________(感染) with a new virus.10.He found that it came from the river _____________(污染) by the dirty waterfrom London.11.The girl is standing beside the street with her eyes__________________(fix) onthe busy street.12.This job is so boring. I wish I could do something more _________(有创造力的).13.The army was well-trained and well-armed, and had littledifficulty__________(战胜) their enemy.14.Having (分析) the results, Dr. Snow drew a conclusion thatwater had caused the disease.panies that (污染) China's ocean waters usually feellittle pressure from the government.16.When (参加) networking events, ask others what they do andthink about how you can help them.17.The police tried to get some clue s from the (嫌疑犯), but heremained silent.18.He did not want to (显露) his fears and insecurity toanyone.19.He is extremely (谨慎的) about the use of words.20.To our surprise, the old doctor (治愈) my cousin of hercancer.21.Many people (责备、指责) this change on gases such ascarbon dioxide.22.The suggestion he ____________(put) forward has been turned down.23.When the group discussion is nearing its end , ___(make) sure to conclude itwith important points24.Take care not to keep your children________(expose) to the bad books，net andmagazines.25.The town was ______________(severe) damaged in the war.26.We will have to adopt a more _________ ( 科学) approach to preserving thetraditional customs.27.Mark is a__________ (小心谨慎) shopper who always does some carefulresearch on the market before he buys something valu able.28.Mary was___________ (拒绝) by the university she applied to last year.29.__________(除了) its low price，the advantage of this car lies in its good quality.30.Children，when__________(暴露) to an English­speaking atmosphere，will pickup the language much more easily.31.The doctor instruct ed the patient to take medicine by the __________．(指导说明)32.The workers are _________ the bridge damaged by the flood，and the bridgeunder______ connects the road with the town.(建造)33.We'll be responsible for your safety and you need to take _________ for youractions.(负责)34.I was bored with my job and felt I needed a new challenge．Last week I got anew job in a big firm，and I found it very _________．( 挑战)35.A study of travelers ________(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor namesYangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.36.She is ________about designing beautiful dresses ,and she also admires all kindsof beautiful clothes with great _________.(热情)ura praised the pictures, though she _________(私下秘密的)thought they were4.announcement5.being polluted 6 explaining 7 absorbed 8 delivered 9 infected 10 polluted 11.fixed 12.creative 13.defeating 14.analysed 15.pollute 16.attending 17.suspect 18. expose 19. cautious 20. cured 21.blamed 22. put 23. make 24.exposed 25.severely 26.scientific 27.cautious 28.rejected 29.Apart from 30.exposed 31.instructions 32.constructing ; construction 33.responsibility 34.challenging 35.conducted 36.enthusiastic ; enthusiasm 37.privatelyUnit 2 、单词拼写(根据中文提示拼写单词)38.The football team ,__________(由..组成)of 22 players and three coaches ,was setup 3 years ago.39.In America , the school year ___________(分成)into two semesters ,the first ofwhich is September through December40.Thank you for writing to me and allowing me to _________(阐明)my position41.The only way I can ____________(完成实现) the goal is to cooperate with myteam.42.It has been some time since the two parties came in __________(冲突) witheach other .43.Whoever is ___________(乐意的) to volunteer for the 2022 Winter OlympicGames in Beijing is welcome to join us.(2018天津)44.Children must be educated to ______ ______ _______(摆脱) such bad habits45.I would appreciate it if you could reply to me ______your earliest convenience.46.We were only able to make a _______(粗略的) estimate of how much fuel wouldbe required.47.Greatly ________________ his credit he came out first48.Cars have become a popular means of transport,bringing great____________________(convenient) to our life.49.____________________(attract) by these function s, I bought the expensive bike.50.Since my childhood ,I have found that nothing is more _______(吸引人的) tome than reading.51.Everyone should enjoy the right of access to the ___________(乡村).52.When design ing a project ,you should be careful enough not to leave anything________that is important.53.The death and destruction were beyond ___________(描述).54.They lived in a __________(带家具的) flat at $8 per week.55.There is now no__________(可能) that she will make a full recovery.56.She __________(吵架) with her brother over their father's will.57.I'll make ___________(安排) for you to be met at the airport.58.Nothing can _________ ____________(取代)real love and family togetherness.59.What _________(使..高兴) me is that I have been invited to talk to you about thehistory of the Olympic Games.60.________remains to be seen whether Jim will be fit enough to take part in thecompetition.61.The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _______(remain) 20dollars.62.He is _________(虚构的)but I think of him as a hero in my heart.63.My sister was _________(thrill) to hear that she had passed the College EntranceExam.64.It’s not what we do once in a while that shapes our lives,but we do_________(一致地)65.The atmosphere in the meeting was getting more and more _________(紧张的).66._________(Origin), we had intended to go to Italy, but then we won the trip toGreece.67. The Art Gallery of Ontario has the world's largest ________(收藏品) ofconsisting 39. is divided 40. clarify 41. accomplish 42 conflict44.break away from 45. at 46.rough 47. to 48.convenience 49.Attracted 50.attractive 51.countryside 52.out 53.description 54.furnished 55.possibility 56.quarrel(l)ed 57. arrangements 58.take the place of 59.delights 60.It 61. remaining 62.imaginary 63.thrilled 64.consistently 65.tense 66.Originally 67.collectionUnit 3 、单词拼写(根据中文提示拼写单词)68.It is necessary that we ________(keep) the young generation informed of thecurrent affairs.69.________(疲惫) out after a long walk，Kate called and said she couldn’t come tothe party.70.The dustman________(sweep) up all the fallen leaves on this street yesterday.71.All passengers on board are expected________(fasten) the seat belts when theplane takes off and lands.72.The car shaped some of the most lasting _________(方面) of Americanculture.(18浙江)73.The accident is a ________(remind) of the danger of climbing the steep hill.74.Only by practising _________(不断地)can we learn English well.75.________(以前的) studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent forhelping sleep.76.Join a__________(guide) bike tour and view some of the most popularmonuments in Washington,D.C.77.Happiness comes from your heart ,not from your ________(周围的事物)78.I can’t __________(容忍) working with Jane ,because she is constantly speaking.79.The apartment is really too small ,but it’s __________(可忍受的) for the timebeing.80.Despite the fact that they _______(缺乏) food，the explorers continued towardthe goal.81.This desk is _____________(可调节的)82.We need not feel ashamed of our failure. We may ,instead ,face it bravely and________(乐观的)83.The _________(片刻瞬间) you enter the stone forest ,one wonderful view afteranother will catch your eye.84.The children are _______(贪婪的渴望的) for the opportunity to prove theircreative ability.85.The singer is regarded as a _____________(代表) of the youth of hergeneration.86.Certain _________(组合) of sounds are not possible in English.87.The ___________(筋疲力尽的) climbers were rescued by helicopter.88.Her style of painting has been __________(模仿) by other artists.89.I was impressed by the__________(效率) with which she handle d the crisis.90.In the long run , we have to reduce the amount of ________(材料)we use to saveresources.91.Jack is an intelligent pupil, but he lacks ___________(动机)92.The fashion world just keeps ____________(回收再利用) old ideas。

单元整合训练(一)Unit 1Getting alongwith others(建议用时：35分钟)[语言知识再落实]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．If I've caused any offence over something I have written，I will happily ________(apology)．2．For ______(amuse)，we go to the movies once a week.3．He was ________(caution)about his work.4．The boy was sitting at the desk，pretending ____________(work)hard when his teacher entered the classroom.5．Scientific theories must be ________(base)on facts.6．If anyone is ____________(blame)，it's me.7．She admitted ____________(forget) to turn off the light last night.8．He made a number of rude ________(remark) about the food.9．When they go for a walk，Johnny has to take long steps to keep pace ________ his father.10．Having been persuaded ____________(change) my attitude，I finally got the right way to rid myself of carelessness and gained confidence as well.Ⅱ.完成句子1．我宁愿你立刻自己开始做这项工作。

英语必修五unitl词汇及语法解析高考资源网（ks5u）您身边的高考专家人教新课标必修五unitl词汇及语法解析2.put forward 的意思是“提出主意、计划（offer, suggest , an idea）等”。

He often puts forward some useful advice.他常常提出一些有用的建议。

K帮你归纳』put的常用词组有：put aside节省（钱、时间）；储蓄；把,，”放在一边put away储存（钱）；放好put back拨慢；搁置put down放下；记下；击败；使（飞机）着陆；put off延期；推迟put on上演；穿上；戴上put out熄灭；关掉；扑灭put through接通电话；完成 put up with 忍受；忍耐 put into action/effect/practice 实施；实行3.examine的意思是“检查；审查；诊察；考察；测验”。

The doctor examined her carefully.医生仔细地给她作了检查。

The teacher examined the students on the book they read.老师就学生读的书考学生。

examine指的是仔细观察以了解或发现什么东西，也可用于医生检查病人，以书面或口头的形式考察学生的知识与能力。

check指的是通过检查以确保某事物正确、安全、满意或处于良好状态，核对，核实某物等。

test指的是检验和衡量某物或某人的品质、质量等，测验某人在某方面的知识或能力，还有实验、考验的意思。

He is examining a theory.他正在查验一个理论。

You' d better check the tires. 你最好检查一下轮胎。

They are testing the water for pollution.他们在检验水污染情况。

4.repeat作为动词的意思是“重复；重做；”,相当于say/do again,故repeat不能与昭ain连用Can you repeat this experiment?你能否把这项试验重做一遍？5.attend的意思是“照顾（take care of, look after）；护理；出席；参加；上（学）等。

第 1 页 共 2 页 2020年高考英语复习《必修五 Unit 1 Great scientists》：语法填空 Can knots (结) be a form of art? It is in China.They have a long history and a 1. (culture) meaning even today. A Chinese knot is 2. is woven (编) from a single length of rope to be a variety of shapes.Each shape has 3. (it) own meaning，and Chinese knots are usually woven in the red color，which indicates good fortune. Originally，people may have made them 4. (record)information and convey messages before they started to write.It is known that they 5. (intend) for artistic decoration and to express thoughts and feelings in the Tang Dynasty.The Tang Empire was a large one that covered most of the 6. (region) of modern China，and succeeding generations carried on 7. traditional art form as part of their culture. Now，some people use knots when they dress 8. traditional Chinese clothing.They are a means of 9. (fasten) traditional clothes instead of buttons. And silk is most 10. (wide) used to make these clothing knots. [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国结的历史、工艺、用途以及它的内涵寓意。 1．解析：考查词性转换。它们有悠久的历史，甚至今天也有文化意义。根据空前的“a”和空后的“meaning”可知，此处应用形容词作定语来修饰后面的名词。 答案：cultural 2．解析：考查表语从句。中国结是用一段绳子编成的东西，有各种各样的形状。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导表语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“……的东西”，故用what。 答案：what 3．解析：考查代词。每个形状都有它自己的意义。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。 答案：its 4．解析：考查非谓语动词。起初，人们可能制作它们以记录信息和传递消息。这里是目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填to record。 答案：to record 5．解析：考查时态和语态。众所周知，在唐朝，它们被用于艺术装饰，被用来表达想法和情感。此处描述的是唐朝的情况，应用一般过去时；又they(指中国结)与intend之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填were intended。 答案：were intended 6．解析：考查名词复数。唐朝疆域很大，覆盖着现在中国的大部分区域。根据空前的“most 第 2 页 共 2 页

⾼中英语必修五知识点和语法总结必修五知识点总结Unit 1:1. put forward: 提出（计划、建议等）；将…提前；把钟表拨快e.g. He put forward a good plan for this project. 他为这项⼯程提出了⼀个好的⽅案。

The match has been put forward to 1:30. ⽐赛已经提前到⼀点半举⾏。

Put the clock forward by ten minutes. 把钟表拨快⼗分钟。

【词语联想】put away: 收起来；贮存，储蓄put down: 放下；写下，记下put off: 推迟；延期put on: 穿上；增加；上演（戏剧） e.g. put on weight: 增加了体重put on a new play: 上演新戏剧 put up: 张贴；撑开（帐篷） e.g. put up a poster put up a tent: 搭起帐篷2. conclude: v. 作结论，断定（conclusion: n. 结论）e.g. The jury concluded that he was guilty. 陪审团认定他有罪。

【习惯⽤语】★draw a conclusion 作出结论3. defeat vt.打败, 击败, 战胜；使(希望, 计划等)失败, 挫败; 阻挠, 使⽆效e.g. He finally conceded defeat. 他最终承认了失败。

◆区别: defeat, conquer, overcomedefeat 指“赢得胜利”, 尤其指“军事上的胜利”,e.g. defeat th e enemy 打败敌⼈。

e.g. conquer nature特别指“获得对⼈、物或感情的控制”，conquer指“征服”、”战胜”，overcome指“战胜”、“压倒”、“克服”尤指“感情”⽽⾔, e.g. overcome difficulties4. attend: v.1) to be present at; go to (meeting, conference, lecture...) 出席；参加e.g. He decided to attend the meeting himself. 他决定亲⾃赴会。

10. construct (vt.) [kən'strʌkt] 构造, 建造 construction (n.) 建设,结构 under construction 在建设中 建筑工人/公司 construction worker/company
11. positive (adj.) 肯定的, 积极的,正面的 反义词 negative (adj.)否定的,消极的, 负面 12. move (n.& v.) 移动, 动作; 使...感动 movement (n.) 活动, 运动
用die的正确形式填空
• • • • • • He has been ________ for three years. dead The man gave the dog a _______ deadly blow. dying A man lay in the bed, _______. He ______ died last year. His _______ death made her mad. deaths The earthquake caused 2000 _______.
7. pollute (v.) 污染, 弄脏 polluted (adj.) 被污染的 pollution (n.) 污染, 污染物
8. announce (vt.) 宣布, 通 发表, 宣布 9. instruct (vt.) 教育, 命令, 指导 instructor (n.) 教师, 讲师, 指导书 instruction (n.) ①[ 常pl.]说明, 指令②教学
5. physical (adj.) 身体的,物理的,物质的 (adv.) -ly physics (n.) 物理学 physicist (n.) 物理学家; 唯物论者 physician (n.) 内科医生[fi'ziʃən] 6. deadly (adj.) 致命的,致死的 dead (adj.) 死的 死者 the dead dying(adj.)垂死的 die (v.)(died, died) death (n.)

语法专题突破词法篇——形容词和副词〔重温高考〕考向1词形变换之形容词Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total __global__(globe)fertilizer consumption.解析：考查词性转换。

句意：中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%。

fertilizer consumption是名词短语，故应该用形容词修饰。

故填global。

2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Running is cheap, easy and it's always __energetic__(energy).解析：考查词形变化。

跑步总是让人充满活力的。

根据it's可知，系动词后用形容词作表语。

故填energetic。

3．(2018·浙江卷)The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be __affordable__(afford) but doing this most days adds up.解析：考查形容词。

此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的。

系动词be后用形容词作表语，表示“负担得起的”，故填affordable。

4．(2017·全国Ⅰ)Having enough far and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be __careful__(care) not to go to extremes.解析：be之后接形容词作表语，care的形容词形式是careful。

必修五 语法复习题 一、连词、谓语、非谓语动词专练 1. _________ (see) from the top of a hill, our house looks like as a car. 2. _________ (see) the dog came over, our friend ran away. 3. _________ (see) from the top of a hill, and you ' ll find the city more beautiful. 4. Never ___________ (see) a volcano erupting before, I was excited. 5. Hearing the ___________ (encourage) news, we all felt ______________ (encourage). 6. The ___________ (surprise) look in her faces suggested that she knew nothing. 7. The workers demanded that they _________ (treat) equally. 8. Every time it _______ (rain), he will go out to see his flowers in the garden. 9. He acted as if he _______ (know) everything. 10. I can still remember the moment _____ I knew I was admitted to my dream college. 11. His parents wouldn ' t allow him to get married to anyone heart was not kind. 12. He caught sight of _______ looked strange in the dark. 13. He is no longer ________ it used to be. 14. The skin is the largest organ of our body we can feel cold, heat or pain. 15. __________ you can imagine, if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious. 16. While ___________ (submit) the article, the journalist found some errors. 17. If __________ (control) properly, the problem can be solved soon. 18. They covered the body of the hero with a flag, with his face _______ (expose). 19. The physicians _____ (absorb) in the investigation about the case when I came in. 20. The physicians ___________ (absorb) in the investigation about the case

人教版英语必修五unit2单词词汇语法拓展人教版英语必修五unit2单词词汇语法点拓展1.consistconsist of = be made up of = be composed of由…组成consist in= lie in在于，存在于consistent adj.一致的consist with=be consistent with与…一致2.divide…into…（把一个整体分成若干部分）separate….from把…分隔开（把单独的事物分开、隔开）3.clarifyclarification n.澄清，阐明4.accomplishaccomplishment n.成就，成绩accomplished adj.技艺高超的，熟练地5.conflictin conflict with sb. (over sth.)与某人(在某事上)有冲突，有争执conflict with…同…冲突，同…抵触6.unwillingwilling adj.乐意的，自愿的be willing/unwilling to do sth.乐意/不乐意做某事7.creditcredit card信用卡on credit 贷款，赊欠8.currencycurrent adj.当前的，现在的；流通的，通用的；9.conveniencefor one’s convenience = for the convenience of sb 为了方便某人at one’s convenience 在某人方便的时候convenient adj.便利的，方便的in convenient adj.不便利的，不方便的It is convenient for sb. to do sth.某人方便做某事10.roughroughly speaking粗略地说11.nationwideworldwide adj.世界性的12.attractattract sb. 吸引某人attract/draw/catch/absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力attraction n．吸引；吸引力；具有吸引力的人或事attractive adj.有吸引力的be attracted to对…有吸引力13.historicalhistory n.历史14.architecturearchitect n.建筑师15.collectioncollect v.收藏collective adj.集体的；共同的16.Administrationadministrate v.管理，经营，实施administrator n.管理者17.descriptiondescribe v.描述；形容；描绘18.furnishedbe furnished with装备…，配备…furnish …with…用…装备…，向…提供…furniture n.家具19.possibilitypossible adj.可能的impossible adj.不可能的possibly adv.可能，也许20.quarrelhave a quarrel with sb. (about/over) sth.（因某事）与某人争吵quarrel with sb. (about/over) sth.（因某事）与某人争吵21.alikeunlike adj.不同的22.take the place of= replace = take one’s placetake place 发生，进行（无进行，无被动）23.break down (谈判、计划等)失败；破裂；(身体、精神)垮掉24.arrangearrange sth. for sb.为某人安排某事arrange to do sth. 安排做某事arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事arrangement n. 安排；筹备make arrangements for 为…做安排25.weddingfuneral n.葬礼26.foldfold up折叠unfold v.展开，打开27.delightdelight sb. with sth.用某物使某人高兴delight in (doing)sth. 以(做)某事为乐in/with delight 高兴地；愉快地to one's delight 使某人高兴的是delighted adj. 高兴的；快乐的be delighted at/by 为某事而高兴be delighted to do/in doing sth. 为做某事而高兴delightful adj.令人高兴的28.longitudelatitude n.纬线，纬度29.imaginaryimagine v.想象imagination n.想象力；幻想物30.originalorigin n.起源31.thrillthrilled adj.感到激动的thrilling adj.令人激动的32.tense adj.紧张的考点精析1.★考点consist of 由……组成consist of由……组成consist in在于consist with与……一致be consistent with 与……相符2.★考点divide vt. 分配;分开divide...between/among...在……中分配divide...into...把……分成……divide sth.in half/into halves 把……分成两半divide up分开;划分divide...by...用……除以3.★考点accomplish vt.完成;达到;实现辨析:accomplish,complete,achieve与finishaccomplish指坚持到底而终于实现了预期目标。

高考语法填空常用词形转换积累A1. abandon vt.放弃;遗弃;抛弃→abandoned adj.被遗弃的;放纵的2. able adj.能够;有能力的→unable adj.不能的;不能胜任的→disabled adj.残废的;残疾的→ability n.能力;才能3.absent adj.缺席的;不在的→absence n.缺席，不在4. abundant adj.丰富的;充裕的→abundantly adv.丰富地;充裕地→abundance n.大量;充足5. access n.接近;通路→accessible adj.可接近的6. accept v.接受;认可→acceptable adj.可接受的7. accurate adj.精确的;准确的→accurately adv.精确地，准确地8. achieve实现;(尤指经过努力)取得，达到→achievement n.成就:成绩9. acquaint vt.使熟悉:使了解→acquaintance n. 相识;了解;熟人10. act v.做事;行动→action n.行动;行为过程→active adj.忙碌的，活跃的→activity n. 活动;活跃11. actual adj.真实的;实际的→actually adv.真实地;事实上12. adapt v. (使)适应;改编→adaptation n.适应(性); 改编本13. adjust vi. & vt.调整;(使)适合→adjustable adj.可调整的，adjustment n.调整;调节;适应14. admire v.钦佩→admirable adj.可钦佩的;值得赞赏的→admiration n.钦佩;赞赏15. admit vt. 允许进入;承认→admission n.允许进入;承认16. advance vt. & vi. 前进;促进;提前n.前进;进步→advanced adj.高级的;先进的17. advantage n.有利因素;优势→advantaged adj.处于优越地位的18. adventure n.奇遇;冒险-→adventurer n.冒险家→adventurous adj.大胆的;有冒险精神的19. advertise v.做广告→advertisement n.广告;启事20. advise v.劝告;建议-→advice n.建议;意见21. affect v.影响;使改变→effect n.影响;效果22. age n.年龄→aged adj.年老的，年迈的23. agree v.同意;赞成→agreement n.协定;(意见的)一致，相合24. agriculture n.农业;农学→agricultural adj.农业的;农用的25. aim n.目标;目的vi.& vt.瞄准;(向某方向)努力→aimless adj.无目标的;无目的→aimlessly adv.漫无目的地;无目标地26.amaze vt.使吃惊→amazed adj.吃惊的→amazing adj.令人吃惊的→amazement n.惊讶;惊愕27. ambition n.雄心;野心→ambitious adj.有雄心的;有野心的28. amuse vt.使发笑;使愉快+ amusing adj.好笑的;有趣的→amused adj.愉快的→amusement n.愉快;快乐29. anger n.愤怒→angry adj.发怒的；生气的→angrily adv.生气地30. announce v.宣布→announcement n. 通告;公告;宣布31. annual adj.每年的;按年度计算的n.年刊;年鉴→annually adv.一年一次地32. anxious adj.忧虑的;不安的→anxiously adv.不安地→anxiety n.担心;焦虑;渴望33. apology n.道歉;谢罪→apologize v.道歉;谢罪34. appear v.出现;显得;似乎→appearance n.外观;外貌;出现35. appoint v.任命;委派→appointment n.任命;约定36. appreciate v.感激;欣赏→appreciation n.感激;欣赏37. approve v.赞成;批准→approval n.赞成;批准38. apply v.申请;应用→applicant n.申请人→application n.申请(书);应用39. argue vt. &vi讨论;辩论;争论→argument n.争论;争辩;争吵40. arrange v. 安排;筹划→arrangement n .安排;筹划41. arrive v.到来;到达→arrival n.到来;到达;到达者42. ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的→shame n.羞愧;羞耻→shameful adj.可耻的43. assist vt.帮助;协助;援助→assistance n.帮助;协助→assistant n.助手;助理;售货员44. associate vt.联想;联系n.同伴;伙伴→association n.协会;联合;关联45. assume vt.假定;设想→assuming conj.假设→assumption n.设想;假定;担任46. astonish vt.使惊诧→astonishing adj.令人感到惊讶的→astonishment n.惊诧;震惊，astonished adj.惊诧的47. athlete n.运动员;运动选手→athletic adj.运动的;体育的→athletics n. (pl. )体操;体能训练48. attend vt.照顾;护理;出席;参加vi.留意→attendance n.出席;参加49. attract vt. 吸引;引起→attraction n.吸引力;喜爱→attractive adj.迷人的;有吸引力的B1. balance vt. 平衡;权衡n.天平;平衡→balanced adj.保持平衡的；均衡的2. base vt. .以.....为根据n.基部;基地;基础→basic adj.基础的;基本的3. bath n.洗澡;沐浴→bathe v.洗澡;给(某人)洗澡4. bear v.忍受;忍耐→bearable adj.可忍受的→unbearable adj.难以忍受的;无法容忍的5. beauty n.美丽→beautiful adj.美丽的6. behave vt. & vi.举动;(举止或行为)表现→behavio(u)r n.行为;举止;习性7. believe v. 相信;认为→believable adj.可信的→unbelievable adj.难以置信的→belief n.信念; 信心8. belong vi.属于;为....的一员→belongings n.财产;所有物9. benefit n.利益;好处v.使受益→beneficial adj.有益的;受益的10. brave adj.勇敢的→bravely adv.勇敢地→bravery n.勇敢;勇气11. breath n.气息;呼吸→breathe v.呼吸breathless adj.气喘吁吁的;呼吸急促的12. brief adj.简短的;简要的n.摘要;大纲→briefly adv.简要地;短暂地C1. calculate v. 计算;核算→calculation n.计算→calculator n .计算器2. care v.关注;在意n.照料;照顾→careful adj. 小心的;仔细的→careless adj.不小心的；粗心的→carelessness n.粗心;疏忽3. caution n.小心;谨慎→cautious adj.小心的;谨慎的→cautiously adv.小心地;谨慎地4. celebrate v.庆祝→celebration n.庆祝;庆祝会5. center n.中心点;中心→central adj.中央的;中心的6. certain adj.确实;确定的→uncertain adj.不确定的→certainly adv.无疑;确定;当然7. cheer v. 欢呼;喝彩→cheerful adj. 快乐的;高兴的8. choose v.选择;挑选→choice n. 选择;挑选9. collect v.收集;采集→collection n.收藏品10. combine vt. &vi (使)联合;(使)结合→combination n.组合11. comfortable adj.舒服的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的→comfortably adv.舒服地12. commit v.犯罪;承诺→commitment n.承诺;投入13. communicate v.沟通;传达→communication n.交流;传达14. compete v.竞争;对抗-→competition n.竞争;角逐→competitor n.竞争者,对手→competitive adj.有竞争力的15. concentrate vi.& vt.集中;聚集→concentration n.专心;集中16. concern v. (使)担忧;涉及;关系到n.担心;关注;(利害)关系→concerned adj.担心的;忧虑的→concerning prep.关于;涉及17. conclude v.推断出→conclusion n.结论18. confident adj.自信的;有自信心的confidence n.信心;信任19. confuse vt.使困惑;混淆→confused adj.困惑的;糊涂的→confusing adj.令人困惑的→confusion n.迷惑;困惑20. congratulate v.祝贺; ....道喜→congratulation n.恭喜;祝贺21. connect vt. & vi. (使)连接;联结→connection n.联系;连接22. consequent adj.作为结果的;随之发生的→consequently adv.所以;因而→consequence n.结果;影响23. consider v.考虑,细想→considerate adj.体谅的;体贴的→consideration n.仔细考虑;斟酌→considering prep.考虑到24. consist vi.组成;在于;一致→consistence n. 一致性→consistent adj.一致的25. constant adj.时常发生的;连续不断的→constantly adv.不断地26. construct v.建筑;修建-→construction n.建筑;建造→constructor n.建造者27. consult vt.咨询;请教;商量→consultant n.顾问;会诊医生28. contradict vt.反驳;驳斥→contradiction n.反驳;矛盾→contradictory adj.相矛盾的;相抵触的29. contribute v.捐献;捐赠→contribution n.贡献;捐献→contributor n.捐赠者30.convenient adj.便利的;方便的;就近的→convenience n.方便，便利;适宜→conveniently adv 便利地,方便地31. convention n.习俗;惯例→conventional adj.常规的;传统的;因循守旧的32. convince vt.使信服→convincing adj.令人信服的→convinced adj.坚信不疑的33. coincident adj.同时发生的→coincidence n.巧合(的事);(事情、口味、故事等)相同34. correct v.改正;修正adj.正确的→correctly adv.正确地→correction n.改正;纠正;修正35. cruel adj.残忍的cruelty n.残忍;残酷36. custom n.习惯;风俗→customer n.顾客;主顾37. curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n.好奇;好奇心D1. danger n.危险;风险→dangerous adj.危险的2. dark adj.漆黑的→darkness n .黑暗;漆黑→darken vt. & vi. 使...变黑3. date v.写上日期;过时→dated adj.过时的;陈旧的4. decide v.决定;选定→decision n.决定，抉择5. declare vt.宣布;声明→declaration n.宣布;声明6. decorate v.装修;装潢→decoration n.装饰物;装饰7.deep adj.&adv.深的(地) →deeply adv.深深地→deepen v.使加深;使强烈;变深;变低沉→depth n.深(度);深处8. defend v.保护→defence n.保护;防护9. delight n.快乐: 高兴:喜悦v.使高兴;使欣喜→delighted adj.高兴的;快乐的delightful adj.令人高兴的10. deliver vt.递送;生(小孩儿)，接生;发表(演说等) →delivery n.投递;分娩11. depend v.依赖;依靠→dependence n.依赖;依靠→dependent adj.依赖的;依靠的→independent adj.独立的;自主的→independence n.独立;自主12. describe vt.描述;形容→description n.形容;说明→descriptive adj描写的;叙述的13. determine v决定;确定→determination n.决心;决定→determined adj.有决心的;意志坚定的14. develop v.成长;发展→developing adj.发展中的→developed adj.发达的→development n.成长;发展15. devote v. (与to连用)献身;专心于→devotion n.奉献;献身;忠诚→devoted adj.忠实的;深爱的16. differ vi.不同;相异→different adj.不同的;有差异的→difference n.差异;不同17. difficult adj.困难的→difficulty n.困难18. direct vt. & vi.导演;指示;指挥adj.直的;直接的;直率的→direction n.指导;方向→director n.导演→directly adv.直接地;径直地conj.19. disadvantage n.不利因素;障碍→disadvantageous adj. 不利的;不便的20. disagree v.不同意;有分歧→disagreeable adj.不合意的;令人不快的→disagreement n.意见不一;分歧21. discover vt.发现;发觉→discovery n.发现;发觉22. disgust vt.使反感→disgusting adj.使人反感的;令人厌恶的→disgusted adj.反感的23. distant adj.遥远的;远方的→distance n.距离;远方24. diverse adj.多种多样的;不同的→diversity n.多种多样;多样性25. divide v.分开;分割;划分→division n.划分;分割;分配;分界线26.donate vt.捐赠→donation n.捐赠→donator v.捐赠者E1. edit vt.编辑→edition n.版(本);版次→editor n编辑2. educate vt. 教育;训练→educated adj.受过教育的;有教养的→education n.教育educator n教育者教育若3. effect n.结果:效力;影响→effective adj.有效的;有影响的→affect vt.影响4. embarrass v.使尴尬;使局促不安;使困窘→embarrassed adj.尴尬的;陷人困境的embarrassment n.窘迫;难堪5. employ v.雇用，employer n.雇主;老板→employee n.雇工;雇员→employment n.工作;职业6. encourage v.鼓励;激励→encouragement n.鼓励;激励→encouraging adj.鼓励的;促进的7. energy n.精力;能量;活力→energetic adj.充满活力的;精力充沛的;积极的8. enjoy v.欣赏;喜爱→enjoyable adj.有乐趣的;使人快乐的→enjoyment n.愉快;快乐;乐趣9. enter v.进来;进去→entrance n. 大门(口);人口(处)→entry n.进入(指权利、行动等)10. entertain vt.&vi.使欢乐;款待→entertaining adj.有趣的→entertainment n.娱乐11. entire adj.整个的;完全的;全部的→entirely adv.完全地;全然地;整个地12. envy n. &v.妒忌;羡慕→envious adj.忌妒的;羡慕的13. equal adj.相等的;平等的→equally adv.平等地→equality n.平等14. equip v.装备;配备→equipment n.装备;设备15. exist vi.存在;生存→existence n.存在;生活(方式)16. expand vt. & vi.使变大;伸展→expansion n.扩大;膨胀17. explain v.解释;说明→explanation n.解释;说明18. expect v.预料;期待;期望;认为→expectation n.预料;期待;期望19. expose vt. (与to连用)暴露;揭露;使曝光→exposure n.显露;揭露;曝光20. express v.表达;表示→expression n.表达;表示;表情21. extreme adj.极度的;极大的→extremely adv.极其;极端F1. fantasy n.幻想;怪念头→fantastic adj. 极好的;美妙的;很棒的2. fail vi.失败→failure n.失败3. favour n.喜爱;恩惠vt.喜爱favourable adj.赞成的:有利的→favourite adj.最喜爱的4. fool v.欺骗;愚弄→n.愚人foolish adj.愚蠢的5. fortune n.财产;运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunate adj.不幸的→unfortunately adv.不幸地6. free adj.自由的→freedom n.自由;自主7. freeze v.冰冻→freezing adj.冰冻的;严寒的→frozen adj.冻结的8. furnish vt.装修,布置→furnished adj.配备好;装备的;带家具的→furniture n.家具，设备G1. gentle adj.文静的;慈祥的;温柔的→gently adv.温柔地;温和地2. gift n.礼物;赠品:天赋;天才→gift adj.有天赋的3. govern vt. &vi统治:支配;管理→government n.政府→governor n.总督;省长;州长4. graduate n.毕业生v.毕业→graduation n.毕业5. greed n.贪婪;贪心→greedy adj.贪吃的;贪婪的;贪心的6. greet vi. & vt.迎接;问候→greeting n.问候;招呼7. grow v.增长;生长→growth n.增长;生长8. guide n.指导;向导:导游vt.指引;指导guidance n.指引;指导;领导9. guilt n.内疚;犯罪;有罪guilty adj.犯罪的;有罪的;内疚的H1. hand n.手→handful n.一把;少量2. harm n. & v.伤害;损伤→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的3. health n.健康(状况)→healthy adj.健康的;健壮的4. hear v.听见;听到→hearing n.听力;听觉5. heat v.加热;变热→heated adj.加热的;激烈的6. help n. & v.帮助→helpful adj.有帮助的→helpless adj.无助的7. hesitate vi.犹豫;踌躇→hesitation n.犹豫;踌躇8.hope vi. & vt.希望，期望→hopeless adj.绝望的→hopeful adj.有希望的，怀有希望的→hopefully adv.有希望地，有前途地9. horror n.震惊;恐惧→horrible adj.极坏的;十分讨厌的→horribly adv.糟糕地10. host vt.做东;主办;招待→n.主人，hostess n.女主人11. humor n.幽默(感) →humorous adj.幽默的12. hunger n.饥饿;饥荒，hungry adj.感到饿的;饥饿的→hungrily adv.饥饿地I1. identify vt.确认;识别;鉴别→identification n.辨认;鉴定→identity n.身份;一致;同一性2. ignore v. 不理睬;忽视→ignorance n.无知→ignorant adj.无知的;不了解的3. ill adj.有病;不舒服→illness n.疾病4. impress vt.使印象深刻;使铭记→impressive adj.给人深刻印象的;感人的→impression n.印象5. improve v.改善;改进→improvement n.改善;改进6. important adj.重要的→importance n.重要(性)7. independent adj.独立的;自主的→independence n.独立;自主8. indicate vt.指出;标示;表明;暗示→indicator n.指示物→indication n.迹象9. inform vt.告知;通知→informed adj.有知识的;见闻广的10. injure vt.损害;伤害→injury n.伤害;损害→injured adj.受伤的11. innocent adj.清白的;无罪的;天真的→innocence n.清白;无罪12. instant n.瞬间;片刻adj.立即的;立刻的→instantly adv.立即;即刻conj.13. inspire vt.鼓舞;激发;启示→inspired adj.受到鼓舞的;有灵感的→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的→inspiration n. 鼓舞;灵感14. instruct vt.命令;指示;教导→instruction n.命令;指示→instructive adj.教育的;有启发的15. intelligent adj.智能的;聪明的→intelligently adv.聪明地→intelligence n.智力;聪明;智能16. intend vt.计划;打算→intention n.意图;目的17. interest n.兴趣v.使感兴趣→interested adj.感兴趣的→interesting adj.有趣的18. interview n. & v.面试→interviewer n.采访者;提问者→interviewee n.参加面试者;被采访者19. introduce v.介绍;引进→introduction n.介绍;引进20. invent v.发明;创造→invention n.发明;创造→inventor n.发明者;发明家21. invite v.邀请→invitation n.邀请J1.joy n.高兴;愉快→joyful adj. 高兴的:令人愉快的2. judge v.认为;判断→judgment n.意见;看法;判断力3. just adj.公正的;正义的→justice n.公平;公正K1.kind adj.体贴的;慈祥的→kindness n.仁慈;善良→kindly adv.体贴地;慈祥地L1. large adj.大的;大规模的→largely adv.在很大程度上,主要地→enlarge v.扩大;扩充2. late adj.迟的;晚的→latter adj.较后的;后半的;(两者中)后者的→latest adj.最新的;最近的3. laugh v.笑;发笑laughter n. 笑;笑声4. lazy adj.懒散的;懒惰的→lazily adv.懒散地;懒惰地→laziness n.懒散;懒惰5. limit v. 限制;限定n.界限;限度→limited adj.有限的6. long adj.长的→length n.长度;长-→lengthen v.加长7. loss n.损失;遗失;丧失→lose v.丢失M1. major adj.主要的;重要的→majority n. 大部分;大多数2. manage v.负责;管理;设法做成→manager n.经理;管理者→management n.经营;管理3. marry v.结婚;嫁;娶→marriage n.婚姻→married adj.已婚的4. mean v意思是；意味着→meaning n.意义;意思5. memory n.记忆力;记性→memorial adj. 纪念的;悼念的6. mess n.脏或乱的状态→messy adj.脏的，乱的7. mistake v.弄错，误解→mistaken adj.错误的;不正确的8. misunderstand vt.误解;误会→misunderstanding n.误解;误会9. mix vt. &vi.混合;调配→mixture n.混合物10. mountain n.高山;山岳→mountainous adj.多山的11. move v.移动;前进→movement n.运动;活动→moving adj.动人的;令人感动的12. music n.音乐→musician n.音乐家→musical adj.音乐的;喜爱音乐的n.音乐剧N1. nation n.国家;民族→national adj.国家的;民族的→nationality n.国籍2. nature n.自然界;大自然→natural adj.自然的;天然的3. noise n.噪声→noisy adj.喧闹的;嘈杂的→noisily adv.喧闹地;嘈杂地4. north n.北;北方→northern adj.北方的;向北的O1. observe vt.观察;观测;遵守→observation n.观察;观测2. occasion n.时机，机会;场合→occasional adj.偶然的;临时的;特殊场合的→occasionally adv.偶然地;不时地3. occupy v.使用，占用occupation n. 工作;职业;侵占→occupied adj.使用中;忙于4. operate v.做手术;运转;操作;控制;经营→operation n.手术;经营;业务→operator n.操作人员;技工5. oppose vt.反对;反抗;与(某人)较量→opposed adj.反对的;对立的6. organize vt.组织;成立→organizer n.组织者→organization n.组织→organized adj.有组织的P1. pain v.疼痛;痛苦→painful adj.疼痛的:痛苦的2 participate vi.参与;参加→participation n.参加;参与participant n.参与者3. patient adj.耐心的→patience n.忍耐;耐心4. peace n.和平;太平→peaceful adj.平静的;和平的→peacefully adv.和平地;平静地5. perfect adj.完备的:完美的perfectly adv.完全地;非常6. perform vt. & vi. 表演;演出→performance n.表演;演出→performer n.表演者;演员7. permit vt. &vi. 许可;允许;准许→n.通行证;许可证;执照→permission n.许可;允许8. person n.人→personal adj.个人的;私人的→personality n.个性;性格:人品9. physics n.物理学→physical adj.物理学的;身体的;物质的→physicist n.物理学家10. please v.使高兴;使满意→pleasant adj.令人愉快的pleased adj.高兴的→pleasure n.愉快;快乐;乐事11. poison n.毒药;毒物vt.毒害;使中毒→poisonous adj.引起中毒的;有毒的12. politics n.政治(学);政治活动→political adj.政治的;政府的politician n.从政者;政治家13. pollute v.污染→pollution n.污染14. popular adj.流行的;通俗的;受欢迎的→popularity n.受人喜爱;流行15. possess v.拥有;具有→possession n.拥有;持有16. possible adj.可能的→impossible adj.不可能的→possibly adv.可能;或许→possibility n.可能；可能性17. power n.能力;力量;权力→powerful adj.强大的;有力的powerless adj.无能为力的;无权的18. predict vt.预言;预告;预测→prediction n.预言→predictor n.预示物19. prefer v.更喜欢;偏爱→preference n.喜爱;偏爱20. prepare v准备:预备→preparation n准备;预备21. press vt.按;压→pressure n.压力22. pride n.自豪;骄傲→proud adj.骄傲的;自豪的23. private adj. 私有的;私用的→privacy n.隐私;私密24. probable adj.很可能发生的→probably adv.很可能;大概25. profession n.职业;专业→professional adj.专业的26. promote v.促进;推动，promotion n. 提升;提拔27. pronounce v.发音;拼读→pronunciation n.发音R1. react vi.作出反应;回应→reaction n.反应;回应2. real adj.真的;真正的→reality n.真实;现实→realize v.理解，领会;实现→realization n.实现; 认识，领悟3. reason n.理由;原因→reasonable adj.合乎情理的→unreasonable adj.不合理的;不公正的4. recover vi. & vt. 痊愈;恢复;重新获得→recovery n.恢复;复苏;康复5. refer vi. 谈到;查阅;参考→reference n.提及;涉及;参考;查阅6. relax v.放松;休息→relaxation n. 放松;休息→relaxed adj.轻松的→relaxing adj.使人放松的7. religion n.宗教:宗教信仰→religious adj.宗教信仰的;宗教的8. rely v.依赖;依靠→reliable adj.可信赖的;可依靠的9. remain v.仍然是;保持不变;剩余→remaining adj.留下的;剩余的10. represent v.代表;作.为....的代言人→representative n.代表(人)11. require v.需要;依靠→requirement n.需要(要求)的事物12. respect v. 尊敬;尊重→respectful adj.表示敬意的;尊敬的→respectable adj.体面的;得体的13. resist v.抵抗;对抗→resistant adj.抵抗的;反抗的→resistance n.抵抗14. ripe adj.成熟的→ripen vt. &vi.使...成熟;成熟15. rob vt.抢劫;盗窃;剥夺→robbery n.抢劫(行为)→robber n.强盗;盗贼16. rude adj.粗鲁的;无礼的→rudely a dv.粗鲁地→rudeness n.粗鲁S1. sad adj.悲伤的→sadness n.悲哀;忧伤2. safe adj.安全的→safety n.安全3. satisfy v. 满意;满足→satisfaction n. 满意;满足→satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的satisfied adj.满意的4. scare vt.恐吓vi.受惊吓→scared adj. 恐惧的;害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的，可怕的5. science n.科学;自然科学→scientist n.科学家→scientific adj.科学(上)的→scientifically adv. 科学(上)地6. secure adj.安心的;有把握的→security n.保护措施;安全工作→insecure adj.缺乏信心的;无把握的7. self n. 自身;本身→selfish adj. 自私的→selfishness n.自私→unselfish adj.无私的;忘我的8. sense n. (对某物的)感觉→sensible adj.明智的;理智的9. separate vt. (使)分离，分散→separation n.分离;分开10. serve v. (给某人)提供;端上→service n. (对客的)接待，服务→servant n. 仆人,用人11.shame n.遗憾;羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的;厚颜的→ashamed adj.羞愧的;惭愧的12. sharp adj.锐利的;锋利的;敏捷的→sharpen vt. &vi.削尖;磨快;尖锐;变锋利→sharpener n.卷笔刀13. sign v .签名→signature n.署名;签字14. significant adj.重要的→significance n.意义;意思;重要性;重要意义15. silent adj.不语的;沉默的→silence n.沉默;缄默16. simple adj.简单的;简易的→simply adv.简单地→simplify v. 使简化;使简易17. sleep v.睡;睡觉→sleepy adj.困倦的;瞌睡的18. starve vi.挨饿;饿死→starvation n.挨饿，饥饿19. succeed v.成功;达到→success n.成功→successful adj.成功的20. sudden adj.突然的→suddenly adv.突然;突如其来地21. suffer vt. &vi.遭受;忍受;经历→suffering n.折磨;苦难22. suggest v.建议;提议→suggestion n.建议23. suit v.对(某人)方便;相配→suitable adj.合适的;适宜的24. surround vt.包围;围绕→surroundings n.(复数)周围的事物;环境→surrounding adj.周围的25. survive vi.幸免;幸存;生还→survival n.幸存→survivor n.幸存者26. swell vi. &vi.(使)膨胀;隆起→swollen adj.肿胀的T1. talent n.天才:特殊能力;才干→talented adj.有才气的;有才能的2. taste n.味道;滋味→tasty adj.美味的;可口的3. tend vi.倾向;照顾-→tendency n.倾向;趋势4. terrible adj. 糟糕的;可怕的→terribly adv.非常;很5. terrify vt.使恐怖;恐吓→terrified adj.恐惧的;受惊吓的→terrifying adj.令人恐惧的→terror n 恐惧→terrible adj.糟糕的;可怕的6. thirst n.口渴;干渴感→thirsty adj.渴的;口渴的7. tolerate vt.容忍;忍受→tolerance n.容忍8. tour n.旅行;观光;参观→tourist n.旅行者;观光者→tourism n.旅游业9. tradition n.传统;风俗→traditional adj.传统的→traditionally adv.传统地10. translate vt.翻译→translation n.翻译;译文→translator n.翻译者;译员11. treat v.对待;看待→treatment n.治疗;疗法12. true adj.真的;真实的→truly adv.真实地;真正地→truth n.真理;真相U1.unite vi.&vt.联合;团结→united adj.团结的;联合的→union n.联合;联盟;结合;协会2. urge n.强烈的欲望V.竭力主张→urgent adj.紧急的;急迫的→urgency n.急切;急迫e vt.使用n.用途→usage n.使用;用法;词语惯用法→useful adj.有用的→useless adj.无用的V1. value n. & vt.价值;重视→valuable adj.很有用的;很重要的→invaluable adj.极有用的;极宝贵的2. vary vt. & vi.使多样化;变化→variety n.变化;多样化→various adj.各种各样的3. violent adj.猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的→violently adv.强烈地→violence n.暴力4. voluntary adj.自愿的;无偿的→volunteer n.志愿者;义工W1.warm adj.温暖的;暖和的→warmth n.温暖;暖和2. weak adj.虚弱的;无力的→weakly adv.虚弱地→weakness n.软弱;虚弱3. wealth n.财富→wealthy adj.富有的;有钱的Yyoung adj.幼小的;未成熟的→youth n.青年时期;青年。

必修五英语知识点归纳第一单元教育与学习1. 词汇- acquire：获得，取得（动词）；- comprehend：理解，领会（动词）；- cram：死记硬背，填鸭式教学（动词）；- curriculum：课程（名词）；- discipline：学科，纪律（名词）；- enroll：注册，报名（动词）；- instructive：有教育意义的，有启发性的（形容词）；- intellectual：智力的，知识分子（形容词、名词）；- prospective：预期的，可能的（形容词）；- reinforce：加强，增强（动词）；- tutorial：辅导班，教程（名词）。

2. 重点表达- In this day and age：在当今时代；- at the expense of：以...为代价；- set foot in：进入，涉足；- go from strength to strength：日益壮大，取得巨大进步；- be inclined to：倾向于，有...的意愿；- take pride in：以...自豪；- have access to：接触到，使用；- come to a standstill：停滞，停顿；- be put into practice：被付诸实践；- benefit from：受益于；- be equipped with：装备，配备；- learn by heart：背诵；- adapt oneself to：适应于；- make a living：谋生。

3. 语法- 定语从句（adjective clause）：- 引导词：that、which、who、whom、whose；- 先行词是人用 who/whom，先行词是物用 that/which；- 介词+关系代词：介词+which、介词+whom；- 关系副词引导的定语从句：when、where、why。

第二单元健康与运动1. 词汇- cholesterol：胆固醇（名词）；- diabetes：糖尿病（名词）；- digest：消化（动词）；- immune：免疫的（形容词）；- obesity：肥胖（名词）；- relieve：缓解，减轻（动词）；- sedentary：久坐的，久不活动的（形容词）；- stamina：体力，耐力（名词）；- therapy：治疗，疗法（名词）；- workout：锻炼，训练（名词）。

解析：句意：我是如此感激那些志愿者，因为他们帮助我快 乐地结束了令我极不愉快的那一天。设空处作表语，be grateful to 对……感激的。
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7．(2015·福建卷)It was __c_o_n_s_id_e_r_a_te__(consider) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.
第一部分 语法题型突破篇
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专题一 语法填空
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题型一 有提示词填空
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高考命题3 词性转换(名词、形容词和副词) 和比较等级
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高考热点重温
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热点1 形容词、副词的辨析及词形变化 1．(2018·江苏卷)Despite the poor service of the hotel，the manager is __r_e_l_u_ct_a_n_t___(reluctance) to invest in sufficient training for his staff. 解析：句意：尽管这家宾馆的服务质量很糟糕，但是宾馆经 理还是不愿意在给员工足够的培训方面投资。设空处作表语，根 据提示词可知本空填 reluctant。
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12．(2018·江苏卷)Try to understand what's actually happening instead of acting on the __a_ss_u_m__p_ti_o_n__(assume) you've made.
解析：句意：要努力去弄明白实际上正在发生的事，而不要 根据自己的假设就采取行动。根据语境和设空处前的定冠词 the 可知此处要用所给单词的名词形式。

高考英语语法填空形容词副词词性转换单选题30题答案解析版1. Tom is a very ______ boy. He always helps others.A.kindlyB.kindnessC.kindD.kindlier答案：C。

“kind”是形容词，“kindly”是副词，“kindness”是名词，“kindlier”是比较级形式。

此句中需要形容词修饰“boy”，所以选C。

涉及语法规则为形容词修饰名词。

2. She sings ______.A.beautifulB.beautifullyC.beautyD.beautify答案：B。

“beautiful”是形容词，“beautifully”是副词，“beauty”是名词，“beautify”是动词。

此句中“sings”是动词，需要副词修饰，所以选B。

涉及语法规则为副词修饰动词。

3. The weather is ______ today.A.sunnyB.sunC.sunshineD.sunniest答案：A。

“sunny”是形容词，“sun”是名词，“sunshine”是名词，“sunniest”是最高级形式。

此句中需要形容词描述“weather”，所以选A。

涉及语法规则为形容词描述名词。

4. He runs very ______.A.quickB.quicklyC.quickenD.quickest答案：B。

“quick”是形容词，“quickly”是副词，“quicken”是动词，“quickest”是最高级形式。

此句中“runs”是动词，需要副词修饰，所以选B。

涉及语法规则为副词修饰动词。

5. The flower is very ______.A.beautifullyB.beautyC.beautifulD.beautify答案：C。

“beautifully”是副词，“beauty”是名词，“beautiful”是形容词，“beautify”是动词。

Part I1. He was (blame) for the accident.2 .Take care not to keep your children (expose) to the bad books, net and magazine.3. (absorb) into studying, Tom forgot to have supper.4. Our government has taken measures (attract)more foreign tourists to China.5. His assistant will take place of him to attend the conference.6.The football team,(consist) of 22 players and three coaches, was set up about 3 years ago.7. We tried to find a table for eight, but they were all taken .8. (dress)in her most beautiful skirt, the girl tried to make herself noticed at the party.9. Not until I failed the exam I realize how much time I had wasted.10 .Generally speaking ,a political leader should have a good nose current affairs.11. You should picture to yourself the brilliant future ahead us.12.He has been working hard so as(have) enough money to buy an apartment in the future.13. All of them arrived late for a(various) of reasons.14.I was doing my homework someone knocked at the door.Part II1.Everyone should make contributions to protect the environment.2.Exposing to the sunlight for a long time, the boy had his skin burned.3.Most of the people made no sense what the expert said at the meeting4.He sat there, absorbing in a magazine.5.Either you or I are to attend the meeting tomorrow.6.His expression suggested that he be angry.7.A young man written novels came to give us a speech yesterday.8.Don’t use words, expressions or phrases only knowing to people with specific knowledge.9. On her credit, she risked her own life to rescue the boy trapped in the earthquake.10. Computers cannot take place of human brains, and nor can other machines.11. The report given by the expert was consisted of three parts.12. It is necessary that we would study hard.13. This statement is not consistent to what you said at yesterday’s meeting.14.In some Asian countries, camels are used to carrying goods.15. She spoke confidently because she wanted to make a good impression to her employer.16. Worrying about her daughter, the mother came to see her yesterday.17. The instantly the teacher entered the classroom, all the students stopped talking.18. With the fog becoming thicker and thicker, people lost the sight of the cars before them.19.As far as I know, the school can’t tolerate cheat in the exam.20.After climbing about two hours, the girls reached the top of the mountain, exhausting.21.The boss demanded we finished it within a week.22. You’d better put on a thick sweater in case of it snows.23. Reading is an excellent way to learn new things and stay informing.24. Her parents now approve for her marriage.25. 1.Whether he could get the support from his parents makes difference to the plan.26.The children were playing football while it began to rain.27.I’ll treat you for lunch in the nearest restaurant.28.We must apply what we have learned in the school for our lives.29. The old lady always puts everything in the place and keeps her room neat.30. No matter what you say, I shall stick of my opinion.。

英语语法填空指导-词形转换技法1提示词为动词的词形转换提示词为动词，如果既不是谓语动词，也不是非谓语动词，则考虑动词词形转换。

动词是转换成名词还是形容词，则根据句式结构以及空处所作成分进一步分析。

容词environmental修饰，空处应用名词。

2．invitation考查词形转换。

空处作declined的宾语，应用名词形式，故填invitation。

3．allocation考查词形转换。

根据语境可知，此处表示“分配给教育部门的资源没有得到很好的管理”，空处应用名词allocation作and之后句子的主语。

4．growth考查词形转换。

分析句子结构可知，空处需用名词，作介词for的宾语，故填growth。

5．death考查词形转换。

sister's后应用名词形式，die的名词是death。

6．explanation考查词形转换。

形容词修饰名词，故填explanation。

7．equipment考查词形转换。

分析句子成分可知，设空处作动词provide的宾语，应用名词形式，故填equipment。

8．commitment考查词形转换。

take commitment to do sth意为“承诺做某事”，为固定用法，故填commitment。

9．harmful考查词形转换。

根据语境可知，此处表示“我告诉他塑料对环境的危害”，空处应用形容词，表示“有害的”。

10．cheerful考查词形转换。

此处应用形容词修饰名词短语lion dance troupe，故填cheerful。

11．valuable考查词形转换。

此处修饰名词experience，应用形容词。

12．amazing考查词形转换。

根据空前的their various可知，空处应用形容词修饰名词displays。

13．limited考查词形转换。

分析句子结构可知，设空处前有定冠词the，后有名词短语，因此设空处应用形容词。

技法2提示词为名词的词形转换可知，应用其复数形式。

落堕市安心阳光实验学校专题二需要“变形”的名词、形容词和副词（三）词性转换（构词法）单句语法填空1．Mount Vesuvius had not erupted for centuries, so the people of Pompeii felt that they were in (safe)．safety解析：句意：维苏威火山几个世纪以来都没有爆发过，所以庞培的人们感到他们是安全的。

in safety意为“安全”，是固定短语。

2．The Theater District is a popular tourist (attract) in New York City.attraction解析：句意：剧院区是纽约一个很受欢迎的旅游胜地。

设空处作is的表语，其前有不定冠词a及popular tourist修饰，应用名词单数。

3．At first people there found the Chinese and their work very strange. My father often saw people running after trains out of (curious)．curiosity解析：句意：起初，那里的人们发现中国人和他们的工作很奇怪。

我父亲经常看到人们出于好奇而追赶火车。

介词of后应使用名词，此处是短语out of curiosity“出于好奇”。

4．The boy gave his classmate a (describe) of what he had seen on his way to school.description解析：空格前有不定冠词，空格后有介词of，故此处填名词。

5．People who are far­sighted can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at an arm’s (long)．length解析：此处表示除非放在一臂远的距离外。