非限制性定语从句
李仕才
一、单选题
1.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, ________ the audience can
buy ice-cream.
A. when B
. where C
. that D.
which
2.They overcame some difficulties and completed the work ahead of
time, was something we had not expected.
A. that
B. which
C. it
D. what
3.When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was, he would forget all about eating
or sleeping.
A. that B
. which C
. where D
. when
4.The insect's black eyes, are fixed on the cabbage, show the
creature's interest in the vegetable.
A. which
B. as
C. that
D. what
5.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ______ are family members.
A. them B
. that C.
which D.
whom
6.Mrs. Wang helped me a lot with my English last term, _______ made me very moved.
A. who
B. where
C. which
D. when
7.After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ________ urgently needed
clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.
A.which
B.who
C.where
D.what
8.It is the third time that she has won the race, has surprised us all.
A. that B
. where C
. which D
. what
9.The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, ________ the sailing
time was 226 days.
A. from which
B. for
which C. of
which D. since when
10.Following the girl, we went into a hall; on __________ walls hung a few pictures
of some famous scientists.
A. its
B. which
C. whose
D. those
11.Teachers are those who use themselves as bridges, over they invite
their students to cross．
A. them
B.
which C.
whom D. tho
se
12.Edison made a lot of inventions, ___________of great importance.
A. which I think are
B. which I think they
are C. I think they are D. that I think are
13.Lucas went past a wooden house, in front of ________ sat an old man, pipe in hand.
A. that B
. what C.
which D.
whom
14.At last we came to a town and found a quiet hotel, .
A. next to it was a thick
wood B. next to
which was a thick wood
C. next to it a thick wood
was D. next to which
a thick wood was
15.I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ______ my classmates recommended to me.
A. who
B.
which C.
when D.
Where
16.I didn't become a serious climber until the fifth grade, _____ I went up to rescue
a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.
A. when B
. where C
. which D
. why
17.The Tang Dynasty is generally regarded as a golden chapter by people worldwide,
________ the Chinese civilization influenced many neighboring countries.
A. where
B. when C
. which D
. who
18.The eighth annual Beijing International Film Festival lifted its curtain on April
15, ________ 659 films from 71 countries and regions have entered.
A. which
B. when C
. where D
. that
19.He is a man of great experience, __________ much can be learned.
A. who
B. that
C. from
whom D. from which
20.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ____________ are family members.
A. them B
. that C.
which D.
whom
21.It rained this morning, _____ actually didn't bother me because I like walking
in the rain.
A. what B
. when C.
where D.
which
22.Not far from the club, there was a garden, _____ owner was seated in it playing cards with his children every afternoon.
A. its
B.
of
which C. wh
ich D. whos
e
23.The children,____ had played the whole day long, were worn out.
A. all of what
B. all of
which C. all of
them D. all of whom
24.I keep the picture where I can see it every day, reminds me of the
days in my hometown.
A. that
B. which
C. who
D. when
25.She decided not to take a picnic with me, ______ made me really disappointed.
A. who
B. what
C. which
D. that
26.Only when we realize how serious the environment is damaged, _______ is usually
ignored, ______ try our best to fight against it.
A. it; can we
B. what; can
we C. which; we
can D. which; can we
27.With the International Space Station set to retire in 2024,the Chinese space
station will offer a promising alternative, China will be the only
country with a permanent space station.
A.of which
B.by when
C.from where
D.since when
28.Yuan Longping has won many awards, shows his extraordinary
achievements.
A. what
B. that
C. who
D. which
29.History enables pupils to learn about their culture, ________ helps them to
understand the society they live in.
A. who
B. which
C. where
D. that
30.The fire, occurred in Xinjian Village, Daxing District, was
reported at 6:15 pm, according to the fire department.
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. as
31.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to
relieve worldwide starvation.
A. which
B. it's C . whose D . whom
32.Have you ever listened to the song Yesterday Once More, ________ singer died in her early years?
A. its
B. it's
C. whose
D. which
33.It is fantastic for children to have a harmonious family, the parents treat their child like a friend.
A. why
B. that
C. which
D. where
34.Mandela was generous with his time, Elias was grateful.
A. to which
B. for which
C. which
D. to whom
35.The whole class applauded wildly at the end of the speech, __________ greatly encouraged Bob.
A. what B
. where C
. which D
. when
答案解析部分
一、单选题
1.【答案】A
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：在该音乐会的两个部分之间有休息时间，那时观众可以买冰激凌。这是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为interval(幕间休息)，在定语从句中做时间状语，所以选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词when引导的非限制性定语从句的应用。
2.【答案】B
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：他们克服了一些困难,提前完成了工作,这是我们没有预料到的。这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的整个句子，从句缺少主语，应该用关系代词，所以应该用which。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句的应用。
3.【答案】B
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：当他集中精力工作时，这种情况常有发生，他总是废寝忘食。本题主句部分完整，且选项包含that, which因此在考查定语从句。应先分析空格之后的句子成分，本题缺少was的表语，且空格前有逗号，应选which。B为正确答案。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。
4.【答案】A
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：这只昆虫的黑眼睛正盯着那白菜，显示出对白菜的极大兴趣。根据句子的结构可知这里构造了非限制性定语从句。用which指代前面的名词“black eyes”并在定语从句中做主语。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句的应用。
5.【答案】D
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：John邀请了大约40人参加了她的婚礼，大部分是家庭成员。most of ______ are family members.是一个非限定性定语从句，关系词that只能引导限定性定语从句，排除；先行词是people，which 只能指物，排除选项C；如果用them，则逗号之后应该加上一个连词and，排除。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whom引导的非限制性定语从句。
6.【答案】C
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：上学期Mrs. Wang在英语方面帮助我很多，这使我很感动。此处是非限制性定语从句用which引导，指代前面整个句子。故选C.
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句的应用。
7.【答案】B
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：洪灾之后，灾区的人们正在受难，急需净水，药品和帐篷。这是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词people，在从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句的应用。
8.【答案】C
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：这是她第三次赢得比赛，这使我们所有人很吃惊。这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句，关系词在从句中作主语，故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句的应用。
9.【答案】C
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：那个老水手花了九个月的航程去环游世界，其中的航海时间是226天（在海上的时间是226天）。先行词是 nine months，我们可以把定语从句还原为the sailing time of the nine months was 226 days。这里的of which 相当于the sailing time of nine months.表示的是在九个月中的航海时间，也就是九个月中的一部分。故答案为C。【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及of which引导的非限制性定语从句的应用。
10.【答案】C
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意:跟着这个女孩,我们进入了一个墙上挂着几张一些著名科学家的画的大厅.a hall是下文wall的逻辑主语,故引导词用whose,选C.
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的非限制性定语从句。
11.【答案】B
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：教师是这样的人，他们把自己作为桥梁，请学生横跨而过，并鼓励学生去修建自己的桥梁。bridges做先行词，指物，放在介词over后面引导非限制性定语从句，故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及which引导的非限制性定语从句的应用。
12.【答案】A
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：爱迪生有很多发明，我认为很重要．Inventions是先行词，在从句中做主语．逗号隔开，说明非限制性，只能用which引导，I think是插入语，选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。
13.【答案】C
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：Lucas经过一个木房子，房子前坐着一个手里拿着烟斗的老人。分析语境可知in front of which sat an old man为“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为house，所以用which引导。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句的应用。
14.【答案】B
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】考查定语从句。and后有两个谓语动词，一个是found, 另一个是各选项中的was，故可推断空格处连词是必不可少。句意：最后我们来到一个小城，找到一家安静的旅馆，旅馆的旁边是一片浓密树林。可以判断出这是个非限制性定语从句，从句中介词短语放句首要到装，故答案选B。
【点评】考查非限制性定语从句，注意引导词的选用。
15.【答案】B
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：上周我从图书馆借了《福尔摩斯》，这是我的同学推荐给我的。根据题干信息，定语从句的先行词为book,定语从句中缺乏宾语（我朋友推荐给我“书”），加之逗号后为非限制性定语从句，所以本题选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。
16.【答案】A
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：一直到五年级我才成为一名认真的攀爬者，那个时候我为了拿回挂在树梢上的风筝而爬上了树。the fifth grade先行词，定语从句缺少状语，故用when来引导，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词when引导的非限制性定语从句。
17.【答案】B
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：唐朝被世界范围的人们认为是一个黄金时期，在这个时期，中国文明影响了很多临近的国家。“________ the Chinese civilization inf luenced many neighboring countries”是非限制性定语从句，修饰the Tang Dynasty，引导词在从句中做时间状语，故应用关系副词when引导该从句。选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词when引导的非限制性定语从句的应用。
18.【答案】A
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：第八届北京国际电影节于4月15日揭幕，这里有来自71个国家和地区的659部电影。分析句子可知，该句为定语从句，句中先行词为，The eighth annual Beijing International Film Festival，在从句中作宾语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故用关系代词which。故答案选A。
【点评】考查非限制性定语从句的关系词选用。
19.【答案】C
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】考查非限制性定语从句。此处he是先行词，后面是介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句。介词后面跟的关系代词有whom和which，指人用whom引导定语从句。learn from sb，固定短语“从...学到”所以应该用from。故答案为C。
【点评】介词+关系代词引导的定语从句中，关系代词有which和whom，which指物，whom 指人。做题时注意找到先行词，再看定语从句中的动词搭配。
20.【答案】D
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：约翰邀请了大约40人去他的婚礼，大部分人是家庭成员。先行词为40 people，定语从句中of 后缺少宾语，故使用whom。介词之后不能用that，应予以排除；which指先行词为物；them为人称代词，应用于并列句中。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意考虑句子结构，并分析从句缺少的成分，确定需要填的关系词。
21.【答案】D
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：今天早上下雨了，这实际上没有打扰我，因为我喜欢在雨中散步。此处是整个句子作先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句作主语，故用which作关系词，故答案为D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。
22.【答案】D
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：距离俱乐部不远处，有一个花园，它的主人每天下午坐在花园里和他的孩子们玩纸牌。这里构造非限制性定语从句，用whose指代先行词花园的，在定语从句中作定语。故选D。
【点评】该题考查的是非限制性定语从句的考点。
23.【答案】D
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：孩子们都累坏了，他们都玩了一整天。这是一个非限制性定语从句句，关系代词指人且在介词之后，故用whom，选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whom引导的非限制性定语从句。
24.【答案】B
【考点】非限制性定语从句，单项选择型
【解析】【分析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我把照片放在每天都能看到的地方，照片让我想起了家乡的日子。分析句子可知，本空是指前面的先行词the picture，在定语从句中作reminds 的主语，指物，故答案选B。
【点评】首先确定能引导非限制性定语从句的关系词，判断先行词，然后确定关系代词还是关系副词。
25.【答案】C
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：她决定不和我一起野餐，这使我真的感到失望。此处是整个句子做先行词，后面是which引导的非限制性定语从句，故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。
26.【答案】D
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：我们通常忽略环境被严重破坏这一事实。只有当我们意识到环境被破坏得多么严重，我们才能尽我们的能力去与破坏环境的行为作斗争。本题_______is usually ignored是非限制性定语从句，这个非限制性定语从句修饰前面的句子：how serious the environment is damaged。非限制性定语从修饰整个句子用which引导。Only when we realize how serious the environment is damaged ______ try our best to fight against it.第二个空考查倒装句。当only修饰状语（副词、介词短语）或状语从句时，主句部分用部分倒装。因此此处用部分倒装。所以答案选B。
【点评】考查定语从句
27.【答案】B
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：随着国际空间站即将在2024年退休，中国的空间站将提供一个有前途的替代品，到那时中国将是唯一一个拥有永久空间站的国家。由by when（到那时）引导定语从句，故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意定语从句中介词的选择方法。可以根据先行词，语境，固定搭配来选。本题根据语境。
28.【答案】D
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：袁隆平赢得许多奖，这表明了他的非凡成就。which指代整个主句，从句中作主语，引导非限制定语用which。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的费限制性定语从句的应用。
29.【答案】B
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：历史能使学生了解他们的文化，这会帮助他们理解他们所生活的社会。此处是整个句子作先行词，后面是which引导的非限制性定语从句，故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句的应用。
30.【答案】B
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】名意：据消防部门，发生在新建村、大兴区的火灾，在下午6:15被报道。本句中的the fire是定语从句的先行词，在从句中作occurred的主语，指物的，引导非限制性定语从句的关系词只能用which,故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。
31.【答案】C
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：1963年，联合国成立了世界粮食计划署，其目的之一就是缓解世界范围内的饥荒。这是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the World Food Programme，在非限制性定语从句作定语，修饰名词purpose，所以用关系代词whose引导。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的非限制性定语从句的应用。
32.【答案】C
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】考查连词。根据句子结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词song，作从句主语singer的定语。句意为，你有没有听过昨日重现这首歌啊，歌的演唱者在早年就去世了。
【点评】考查连词
33.【答案】D
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析句意：孩子们有一个和睦的家庭，父母把孩子当朋友对待，这是非常棒的。where引导定语从句修饰family，在从句中作地点状语。故选D。
【点评】】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句。
34.【答案】B
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：Mandela不吝惜自己的时间，Elias对此非常感激。“ Elias was grateful”是定语从句，修饰Mandela was generous with his time这个句子，be grateful for固定短语“对……感激”，引导词在从句中做介词for的宾语，故要用关系代词which。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句的应用，以及固定短语be grateful for。
35.【答案】C
【考点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：在演讲结束时，全班学生疯狂地鼓掌，这极大地鼓励了Bob。含有逗号的非限定性定语从句，which代替主句一句话的内容，作从句的主语，故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句的应用。
志伟教育限制性定语与非限制性定语练习题 一、复习关系词的用法：（在对应用法处打钩） 1.The person _______ is standing there is my teacher. 2.The person ________ you spoke just now is my teacher. 3.The person ________ you spoke to just now is my teacher. 4.I bought a car__________ cost little. 5.The car __________ I bought yesterday cost little. 6.This school is the one _________ I studied ten years ago. 7.This is the little girl ___________ parents were killed in the earthquake. 8.The boss in ________ company my father worked is a very kind man. 9.I will remember that day __________ I first came to Beijing. 10.There are several reasons _________ we can’t do that. 1.who/that 2.to whom 3.who/whom/that 4. which/that 5. which/that 6. in which/where 7.whose 8.whose 9. when/on which 10.why/for which 二、观察下列句子并翻译 1.I’m taking weight-loss pills called Fat-Less, which are quite popular among young women here. ____________________________________________________________________ 2.My mother, who you met last year, keeps telling me not to take them because they are dangerous. _____________________________________________________________________ 3. Many people, some of whom are not overweight at all, are always going on diets or taking weight-loss pills, which are often dangerous. _____________________________________________________________________ 结论：以上三句是非限制性定语从句。 非限制性定语从句是对先行词起补充和附加说明的定语从句。通常用逗号与先行词隔开，可以修饰主句中的某个名词，也可以修饰整个主句。若省略掉非限制性定语从句，也不会影响句意的完整性。
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 2．关系代词which与as引导非限制性定语从句的区别。 （1）which与as都可以引导非限制性定语从句，which引导定语从句要置于先行词后面，而as引导的定语从句位置相对灵活，可放在句首，也可以放在句后 eg.正像他所意识到的那样，我对他非常有用 As he realized, I was very useful to him. 空气，众所周知，是一种气体 Air, as we know, is a gas. 他是个外国人，正像我从他口音判断的那样。 He was a foreigner, as I know form his accent. 他又来晚了，这一点使老板很生气 He came late again, which made his boss angry. (2)当定语从句位于主句后面，纯粹表示主句所述的内容，往往用which；当定语从句中有“如同……那样”的含义时，用as比用which更常见。 Eg.妈妈老把我当成小孩对待，让我无法忍受 Mummy always treats me just like a baby, which I can’t bear. 事与愿违，这是常有的事 Things will turn out contrary to on e’s wishes, as is often the case. (3)“介词+关系代词”结构的定语从句，必须用which,不能用as. Eg.我们周围有很多氧气，没有他们我们无法生存 There is a great deal of oxygen around us, without which we could not live. 3．引导限制性定语从句时which与as的区别 定语从句前面有such, as, the same 时，引导定语从句的关系代词用as,不用which. Eg 所需要的字典有许多都有了
非限制性定语从句 李仕才 一、单选题 1.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, ________ the audience can buy ice-cream. A. when B . where C . that D. which 2.They overcame some difficulties and completed the work ahead of time, was something we had not expected. A. that B. which C. it D. what 3.When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping. A. that B . which C . where D . when 4.The insect's black eyes, are fixed on the cabbage, show the creature's interest in the vegetable. A. which B. as C. that D. what 5.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ______ are family members. A. them B . that C. which D. whom 6.Mrs. Wang helped me a lot with my English last term, _______ made me very moved. A. who B. where C. which D. when 7.After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ________ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive. A.which B.who C.where D.what
定语从句 单句语法填空 1、I admire my English teacher. I can remember very few occasions__________she stopped working because of ill health. 2、In most cases, college graduates don't mind what job they will do so long as it is one__________ they can earn money to support themselves. 3、Finally he reached a lonely island__________ was completely cut off from the outside world. 4、A company__________ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. 5、We'll reach the sales targets in a month __________we set at the beginning of the year. 6、He may win the competition, in __________ case he is likely to get into the national team. 7、“You can’t judge a book by its cover,” __________ the old saying goes. 8、My connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,__________ I was the first Western TV reporter. 9、Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, __________lived from roughly 551 to 479 B. C., influenced the development of chopsticks. 10、I prefer to work in black and white,__________ allows me to show different specific worlds more clearly. 单句改错 11、We should take an active attitude to our studies, and try to get a mark what is true as well as good. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 12、The idea has quickly spread to Europe which special courses are now offered to children who are from 7 to 24 months old. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 13、That was the reason how he was late for school. _____________________________________________________________________ 14、The woman said that her husband had died some months before and that she didn’t have anyone else in her family could help her. _____________________________________________________________________
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的六点区别 区别一：形式不同 限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，口语中使用时也不停顿；而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，口语中使用时有停顿。 区别二：功能不同 限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意不完整或概念不清；而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。如： People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义) His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。(若把从句去句子意义仍然完整) 区别三：翻译不同 在翻译定语从句时，一般把限定性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前，而把非限定性定语从句与主句分开。如： He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽车被窃的那个人。 I’ve invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。 区别四：含义不同 比较下面的两个句子： I have a sister who is a doctor. 我有一个医生的姐姐。(姐姐不止一个) I have a sister, who is a doctor. 我有一个姐姐，她是当医生的。(只有一个姐姐) 区别五：先行词不同 限定性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词，而非限定性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或句子；另外，当先行词为专有名词或其他具有独一无二性的普通名词时，通常要用非限制性定语从句，而不用限制性定语从句。如： Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得开车很快，这是很危险的。(which指drive too fast) He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改变了主意，这使我很生气。(which 指整个主句)
2019高考英语争分夺秒15天：10.定语从句 第一部分:基础知识 〔一〕、定语从句概述 定语可以由形容词，代词，数词，名词，不定式，介词短语来充当。 如果是一个句子担任定语，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句，又可称为形容 词性从句。 定语从句通常修饰某一名词或代词，被定语从句修饰的这一名词或代词叫先行词，它位于定语从句之前，定语从句在先行词后面，应尽量紧跟 先行词。定语从句的作用即在于对先行词进行限定说明或补充说明。〔二〕、定语从句的引导词。 定语从句的引导词分为两类，关系代词 〔that,which,who,whom,whose〕和关系副词〔when,where,why〕， 引导词在先行词和定语从句之间，既起连接作用，即连接先行词和定语从句，更重要的是，它又在定语从句中作一个成分。 〔三〕、关系代词 1.that指人，物，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语。HeisthesingerthatImetyesterday. 2.which指物，在从句中作主语，宾语，在非限定定语从句中充当定语，或 者代替前句 Thefilmwhichwesawlastnightwasmoving. 3.who指人，在从句中作主语，宾语。 ThemanwhoyoujusttalkedtoisTom. 4.whom指人，在从句中作宾语。Thatistheprofessorwhomyouwanttoknow. 5.whose指人，物，在从句中作定语，相当于先行词+’s,后接一名词。Iknowtheboywhoseparentsaredead. 【注】：关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。 〔四〕、关系副词 关系副词在从句中作状语，有时相当于介词+which，其中which指代先行词不可以指示整个句子。 1，when指时间，在从句中作时间状语，相当于at/on/in/duringwhich. I’ llneverforgetthedaywhen(onwhich)Ireachedthetopofthe
定语从句 用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起 定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。 一．词引导的定语从句 1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词 句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句 代替人代替物代替人或物 主语 Who which that 主语 Whom which that 宾语 Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which) 例1：This is the detective who came from London. 例2：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy. 例3：The desk whose leg is broken is very old. 例4：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in. 2．关系代词的用法 (1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如： All the people that are present burst into tears. (2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, much, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。例 如： (3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不 能省略。例如：
2019高考英语必备：定语从句的翻译技巧 英语文章中较多地使用长句, 而汉语中短句居多。尤其在科技英语文 章中, 长句的理解就更加令人头疼。英译汉时, 因为思维方式和语言 表达上存有的文化差异, 如果总是按汉语的习惯原封不动地翻译原文 长句, 则译文必然生硬拗口、难以通畅。而英语长句之所以难以处理, 主要就是因为英语中的短语和从句都能够充当句子的不同成分, 而短 语往往不短, 且从句中又包含有从句。众所周知, 在各类从句中最复杂、最常见的一类从句是定语从句( at t ribut ive clause) 。这里,本人结合多年的翻译工作实践, 就定语从句在科技英语长难句中的译 法做些探讨。 1、长句的把握 在翻译一个长句时, 首先要把握好两点：一是对原文的准确理解, 二是恰如其分的表达。理解阶段既要能拟出全句的主要轮廓、辨请主 从结构、领会全句的要旨, 又要能找出句与句之间的从属关系, 理清 每句的意思。而表达阶段则可先将每个单句逐一翻译, 再将译出的句 子实行调整、组合, 对译文作最后的加工润色。要想完美地处理长句 是需要通过长期实践、灵活应用各种方法才能做到的。但就理解阶段 来说, 关键是针对从句的理解 2、定语从句的处理 定语从句之所以被认为是汉译中最难处理的一种从句, 原因有二：一方面, 汉语中作为修饰成分的定语, 习惯上一般放在所修饰词的前面, 而英语的定语从句一般总在所修饰的词之后, 向所修饰词的后面 扩展, 且往往形式多样、结构较长; 另一方面, 汉语的定语一般只起 着修饰和限制的作用, 而英语的定语从句则作用广泛, 除修饰和限制 作用以外, 还具有类似状语从句( 原因、结果、目的、条件、让步) 的功能。所以, 英汉定语在位置、语序、措辞及结构上的差异常常会 给理解和翻译造成困难, 翻译时就必须抓住本质, 恰当地实行处理。
初中英语定语从句专项练习题与答案详解(第2套) 1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with h im
非限制性与非限制性定语从句 一、请判断下列各个句子是否该加逗号而变成非限制性定语从句。 1.Seoul which hosted the 1988 Summer Olympics is well known for its shopping. 2.Seoul is the city that hosted the Summer Olympics in 1988. 3.There are many temples and shrines in Kyoto which used to be the capital of Japan. 4.Kyoto which was the country’s capital from 794 until 1868 has around 2000 temples and shrines. 5.Brasilia which is the capital of Brazil is less than 50 years old. 6.Montreal is a city where both French and English are spoken. 7.Bangkok which is the capital of Thailand has many beautiful temples. 8.Mexico City which has a population of around 20000000 is the largest urban area in the Americas. 9.Salvador which lies in the northeast was the country’s busiest port from 1500 to 1815. 二、请分析下吗句中所含定语从句分别属于前文所述3中情形中的哪一种，必要时请添加逗号。 10.I don’t like stories that have unhappy endings. 11.A dictionary is a book that gives you the meaning of words. 12.It seems that the earth is the only planet that can support life. 13.The teacher who comes from Canada teaches us English. 14.We are studying sentences which contain adjective clauses.
专题12定语从句——精讲深剖 1.（2019·江苏卷·单项填空）We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true. A. which B. what C. when D. that 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。 2.（2019·天津卷·单项填空）11.Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences. A. why B. where C. which D. what 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can say individual words but not full sentences是一个定语从句，先行词是the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。 3.(2019·新课标I卷·短文改错)One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. 【答案】One afternoon where when I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词one afternoon表示时间在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词使用when。故将where改为when。 4.(2019·新课标II卷·语法填空)Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， ______ she opened with her late husband Les. 【答案】where 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened 一词的宾语，故用which。 5.(2019·新课标III卷·语法填空)They were well trained by their masters ______ had great experience with caring for these animals. 真题速递
限制性定语从句 真题再现 1. Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon______ school education depends. A. it B. that C. whose D. which 2. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time _______ he should be able to be independent. A. which B. where C. whom D. when 3. Creating an atmosphere _______ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge. A. as B. whose C. in which D. at which 4. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______ his employees enjoy their work. A. where B. which C. when D. who 5. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _____ allows them to communicate freely with each other. A. which B. where C. what D. who 6. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures，each of ______ uses it somewhat differently. A. which B. what C. them D. those 7. Children who are not active or _____ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. A. what B. whose C. which D. that 1.D。本题考查的定语从句的用法，upon which的用法，句意为：一些专家认为，阅读是一些学校教育依赖的重要的技能。 2. D。考查定语从句，先行词the time,定语从句缺少时间状语，用关系副词when。 3. C。句意：创造一种雇员感觉是其中一员的氛围是一个大的挑战。这是一个定语从句，in the atmosphere“在氛围中”是一个固定搭配，因此选用in which。此外也可以是where。 4. A。句意：公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工喜欢他们的工作。句中先行词为atmosphere，抽象的地点名词，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故选A。 5. A。句意：她具有给学生营造一种允许他们自由交流的氛围的天赋。分析句子结构可知，定语从句“_____ allows them to communicate freely with each other”修饰先行词atmosphere，将先行词代入从句后为：The atmosphere allows them to communicate freely with each other，由此可知先行词在定语从句中作主语，而且指代物，所以需用关系代词which，故正确答案为A项。 6. A。句意：英语是一种被几种不同文化共有的语言，每种文化使用英语多少有些不同。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为cultures，将先行词代入定语从句后为：Each of the cultures uses it somewhat differently，由此可见先行词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，且of 被提前，故答案为A项。what不能引导定语从句，故被排除；如选C项，需在each of前加
定语从句专项练习题 一、用适当的关系词填空： 1. I still remember the night _______I first came to the house. 2. I'll never forget the day________ we met each other last week. 3. Mr Black is going to Beijing in October, _______is the best season there. 4. I will never forget the days _______I spent with your family. 5. I'll never forget the last day______ we spent together. 6. This is the school ______I used to study. 7. Do you still remember the place______ we visited last week? 8. Do you still remember the place_______ we visited the painting exhibition? 9. Have you ever been to Hangzhou,_____is famous for the West Lake? 10. Have you ever bee to Hangzhou, ______lies the West Lake? 11. Tom will go to Shanghai,______live his two brothers. 12. I live in Beijing,____is the capital of China. 13. There was a time ______there were slaves in the USA. 14. It is the third time ______you have made the same mistake. 15. It was in the street _____I met John yesterday. 16. It was about 600 years ago____the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. 17. The moment _____I saw you, I recognized(认出)you. 18. This is the very novel about____we've talked so much. 19. This is the way____he did it. 20. Who is the student _____was late for school today? 21. Who _____knows him wants to make friends with him? 22. What else was there in my brother____you didn't like? 23. He lives in the room____window faces to the south. 24. He lives in the room, the window_____faces to the south. 25. This is Mr. John for____son I brought a book yesterday. 26. This is Mr. John for_____I bought a book yesterday. 27. This is the hour_____the place is always full of women and children. 28. And there is one point ______I'd like your advice. 29. Winter is the time of year______the days are short and nights are long. 1. Don’t talk about such things of __________ you are not sure. A. which B. what C. as D. those 2. Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 3. Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 4. Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 5. The wolves hid themse lves in the places __________ couldn’t be found. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that 6. The freezing point is the temperature __________ water changes into ice. A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what 7. This book will show you __________ can be used in other contexts..
2019年高考英语专题复习-定语从句 定语从句的用法较为复杂，高考除了单独考查定语从句知识外还常常结合句式结构、时态等来综合考查。 1. 考查关系代词和关系副词的区分。如：that, which和where, when的区分；that, which和why的区分等。 2. 考查whose的使用。whose可以指代人或物, 在定语从句中作定语, 后跟名词。指物时，whose＋名词＝名词＋ of which ＝ of which＋名词。如： The classroom whose door/the door of which/of which the door is broken is on the second floor. 3. 考查as/which引导的非限制性定语从句。尤其要重视which，as引导的非限制性定语从句和it，what引导的主语从句的区分。 4. 考查定语从句中的主谓一致现象。如： I, who am your close friend, will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble. 5. 考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，关系代词指人时用whom，指物时用which，不能用that。关系代词作定语时也可用whose。如：The teacher in front of whose house stands a tall tree is very patient with his students. 6. 考查一些特殊的先行词。如：当situation, point, case, activity, scene及period, festival, occasion等出现时, 要注意具体情况具体分析；作主语、宾语和表语时, 用关系代词that/which; 作状语时, 用关系副词 where/when或“介词＋which”, 表示在某种特定的情形下。 7. 考查定语从句、强调句、时间状语从句等的区别。 The house where he lives needs repairing. which/that he lives in 他住的房子需要修理。 Have you asked her for the reason that/which my explain her absence? why she was absent? 你是否问过她缺席的原因？ ②辨别先行词表示的是人、物、时间、地点还是原因。 I don’t like the man who always speaks ill of others. 我不喜欢总是说他人坏话的人。 I will never forget the days when we worked together. 我永远也忘不了我们在一起工作的日子。 ③判断从句是限制性还是非限制性定语从句。