1999年全国高考英语试题及答案.doc

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全国1999年下半年高等教育自学考试综合英语(一)试题

全国1999年下半年高等教育自学考试综合英语(一)试题课程代码：00794Ⅰ．根据给出的汉语词义和规定的词性写出相应的英语单词，每条短线上写一个字母。

该词的首字母已给出。

将单词写在答题纸上相应的空格内。

（10%）1) 仅；朴素地；完全地 ad. s __ __ __ __ __2) 潮流；当前的 a./n. c __ __ __ __ __ __3) 保护；保存 v. p __ __ __ __ __ __ __4) 模仿；仿制 v. i __ __ __ __ __ __5) 物质；实质 n. s __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __6) 下降；传下 v. d __ __ __ __ __ __7) 有能力的 a. c __ __ __ __ __ __8) 准确性 n. a __ __ __ __ __ __ __9) 交易；讨价还价 n./v. b __ __ __ __ __ __10)占领；使忙碌 v. o __ __ __ __ __11)奇迹 n. m __ __ __ __ __ __12)密集的，浓密的 a. d __ __ __ __13)足够的，充分的 a. s __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __14)牺牲品，受害者 n. v __ __ __ __ __15)企图，试图 v. a __ __ __ __ __ __16)文化；文明；教养 n. c __ __ __ __ __ __17)加宽，变宽 v. w __ __ __ __18)实现，完成 v. a __ __ __ __ __ __19)较小的；少数的 a. m __ __ __ __20)意图，打算 n. i __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __Ⅱ．根据句子的意思将括号中的词变成适当的形式并且填入答题纸上相应的空格。

（10%）1.Rainforests _________(cut) from Brazil to Indonesia at such a rate that they could well disppear from the earth’s sur face before the year 2050.2.________(believe) in your friend and his ability to do this work.3.A person ________(seize) by a panic attack may show all or as few as four of these symptoms.4.In most large companies management ________(involve) in planning the advertising.5.You might do well ________ (try) some of the techniques outlined above.6.Another popular shop is the “dime store”, sometimes ________ (refer) to as the “five and ten”.7.Man-eating ________ (may, start) because people were eager to become as strong and brave as their enemies.8.Almost everyone spends a considerable amount of present moments ________(worry) about the future.9.The Atlantic Ocean is more than 4,000 miles wide where Columbus________(cross) it.10.________(be) aware that I was wriggling in my chair while he was talking, which was impolite indeed, I stopped immediately.Ⅲ．根据句子的意思选择正确的答案，并把其字母填入答题纸上相应的空格。

1999年全国英语专业四级试题及答案(1)

1999年全国英语专业四级试题及答案(1)Part Ⅵ READING COMPREHENSION ［30 MIN.］SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION ［25 MIN.］In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one th at you think is the correct answer. Mark your choice on your answer sheet.TEXT ASurprisingly, no one knows how many children receive education in English hospitals, still less the content or quality of that education. Proper records are jus t not kept. We know that more than 850.000 children go through hospital each year, and that every child of school age has a legal right to continue to receive education while in hospital. We also know there is only one hospital teacher to every 1,000 children in hospital.Little wonder the latest survey concludes that the extent and type of hospital teaching available differ a great deal across the country. It is found that half the hospitals in England which admit children have no teacher. A further quarter have only a part-time teacher. The special children’s hospitals in major cities do best; general hospitals in the country and holiday areas are worst off.From this survey, one can estimate that fewer than one in five children have some contact with a hospital teacher-and that contact may be as little as two hour s a day.Most children interviewed were surprised to find a teacher in hospital at all. They had not been prepared for it by parents or their own school. If the re was a teacher they were much more likely to read books and do math or number work; without a teacher they would only play games.Reasons for hospital teaching range from preventing a child falling behind and m aintaining the habit of school to keeping a child occupied, and the latter is of ten all the teacher can do. The position and influence of many teachers was summ ed up when parents referred to them as “the library lady” or just “the helper”. Children tend to rely on concerned school friends to keep in touch with school w ork. Several parents spoke of requests for work being ignored or refused by the school. Once back at school children rarely get extra teaching, and are told to catch up as best they can.Many short-stay child-patients catch up quickly. But schools do very little to e ase the anxiety about falling behind expressed by many of the children interview ed.66．The author points out at the beginning that___.A. every child in hospital receives some teachingB. not enough is known about hospital teachingC. hospital teaching is of poor qualityD. the special children’s hospitals are worst off。

1998-2017年全国卷高考真题英语短文改错(含答案)

1998-2017年全国卷英语短文改错此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：把缺词处加一个漏符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

NMET 1998My Favorite SportMy favorite sport is football. I was a member of our school football team. We practise for three times every week and often watch football match on TV together. Play football not only makes us grow tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit. We must keep mind that we play for the team instead ourselves. Also, the sport teaches us the important of obedience (服从). Each player must obey captain, who is the leader of the team. And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game.NMET 1999The Problem with TelevisionNow I can’t watch much television but a few years ago I was used to watch it every night. I was often a little tired after a day’s work and watch TV demands very little effort. Unfortunate, there are too many people among my family. Some wanted to see the programme while others preferred another. I am happy with any programme but the others spent a lot time arguing and there was no way of settle the matter except by selling the TV set. Now someone at home reads instead.2000 春季Dear Peter,Thanks very much on inviting me to your birthday party on Sunday. I’d like very much come but had an examination on Monday morning. It is a very important exam but I can’t afford to fail it. I’ll spend all the who le weekend reading and prepare for it. So I’m really sorry that I won’t be able to come in this time. Hope you can understand. I’ll take this chance wish you wonderful time on your birthday. Happy birthday, Peter, and many happy return of the day!Yours, Li MingNMET 2000The day before the speech contest (比赛) English teacher talked to me. She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success, but it didn’t matter that I would win or not. When I was in the stage the next day, I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf. There were so many people present! Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd. She was smiling but nodding at me. I remembered her words and calm down. I did a good job and won the first prize. Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library. Whenever I see them I will often think of my English teacher.2001年（全国卷II）Like most of my schoolmates. I have either brothers nor sisters, in any other words, I am an only child. My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that I get a good education. They did not want me to do any work at family; they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject. We may be one family and live under a same roof, but we do not seem to get much time to talk about together. It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. Do they really understand their own daughter? What things are in other homes, I wonder.2002年（全国卷II）Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Emei Mountain in Sichuan. As everyone knows. it’s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animal. The weather was fine. It was about noon we arrived at the foot of themountain. The three of them were very excited. As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. On the way I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly. Evening came down. We spent the night in a hotel at the top of the mountain. The food was expensive and the service was good.I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.2003年（全国卷II）When I first learned write in English, I ran into many difficulties. The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English. My teacher advised me to keep my diary. I followed her and should put down 100 words or so each day. Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. she liked it very much and reads it to the class .All said the story was a good one . Their word were a great encouragement to me.2004年（全国卷II）Dear Ralph,I’m a newcomer here of a small town. I would describe myself as shy an d quietly. Before my classmates, it seems always difficult for me to do things well as them. I'm sure they will laugh to me and see me as fool. So I feel unhappy every day. Besides, I have few friends. I don't know that they don't like to talk with me. Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class, but after class we become stranger at once. I am trying to improve the situation since it doesn’t seem to work. Can you tell me about what I should do?Yours, Xiao Wei2005 年（全国卷III）Dear Mr. Brown,I am writing to thank you with your kind help. Before you came to teach us, I had not interest in English. My pronunciation was terribly. I could only speak a few words. But one and a half year later, I now think English fun to learn. I got a lot of from your encouraging words. I will always remember what you said, “If you try to, you can be No. 1!” I hope you’ve had pleasant journey home and will come to China again sometimes in the future. I will writeagain and send you the photos we take together.Yours sincerely, Li Min2006年（全国卷III）An American and a Frenchman decided to cross the sea between France and England in the balloon in 1784. High over the water, they discover a hole in the balloon. The hole became bigger and bigger. The air keeps the balloon up was escaping quick and the balloon was coming up. The two men threw all their equipment into the water to make the balloon light. It started to rise higher again. So it was still too close to the water. Finally, the men threw away most of his clothes to save themselves. The crowd waiting for to greet them in England was very surprised see this when the balloon landed in front of them.2006年（全国卷II）We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel ago. They did not want breakfast because that they were going out early in the morning. They came back lately and had some tea. I came in the living room and saw oneof them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light. He was looking for a glass the cupboard. He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests. I just smiled to me and thought, “What can I do? We are guests after all.”2007年（全国卷II）Dear Grandpa,Thank you for your letter. My school is organizing a basketball team and there’s just a chance which I can join it. I'm little of course, but terribly quick and bravely. While the others are jumping about in the air, I can run under my legs and get the ball. It will be lots of fun for practicing out in the playground in the afternoon with the tree around us all red and yellow and everybody laughing and shout. These are the happier girls I've ever seen and I' m the happiest in all! I meant to write long letter and tell you all the things I' m doing at school, but the bell was ringing, so I just have to stop here.Love, Judy2008年（全国卷I）Dear Alice,I have just got some good mews to tell to you. I win a national prize for painting last week. My father was so pleasing that he suggested I go to England for a hol iday. I’d like to staying there for half a month, visiting place of interest o r practicing my English as well. We’ve been writing to each for nearly a year now. I have often dreamed of talk face to face with you. I imagine you’ll be at vacation yourself by that time. Perhaps we could go out do some sightseeing together.Best, Lily2008年（全国卷II）If I have the honor to be chose to work for the 29th Olympic Games, I will at first improve my English so that I can talk easily about foreign visitors. Second, I will learn more about history of the Olympics as good as the 2008 Olympic Games. Third, since I was familiar with Beijing, I can help visitors find their ways in the city. Finally, I should be able to tell visitors about our history and culture or show them their great achievements. In short, I will do my best to help making the Games a success.2009年（全国卷II）Hi Susan,I’m sorry that I wasn’t able to return to your bike on time yesterday. I mean to give it back to you before four in the afternoon, and I was hold up on my way back. Just before I turned corner of Park Street, I happened to see an accident. The little girl was hurt and her mother needed help. So I helped them going to the nearest hospital. I stayed here for one and a half hour and made sure that the girl was all right. When I got back, it were already 6 pm. I hope you understand.Thank you!Li Ling2010年（全国卷I）It was a chance of a lifetime to win the first prize on the Story Writing Show. All I had to do was to write a story or present it. My teachers have been telling me how great my writing was. So if they had said was true, I would have a chance of winning the prize. What were better, I had useful help. There was Uncle Chen, gentleman living near my house, who was a very much famous writer. He agreed to reading my story and give me some advices on how to write like a real writer.2010年（全国卷II）Christie was one of my best friend at high school. At that time, we often spend time together. Thank to her help, I made great progress in my study. Last year, she decided to study to abroad. In other words, we would be separated long time. Before her leaving off, I prepared a gift to show my best wishes to him. She said it was the best gift she has ever had. From then on, we’ve kept touch with each other through e-mails. I look forward to see her again in the near future.2011年（全国卷I）One of my unforgettable memory of my school in Xinjiang is that of lunches we brought from our homes. I hold my lunch-box in my hand when I was going to school. The smell from it was very good. Since the lunch bell finally rang, my friends and me met under a tall tree and had our lunches. My best friend Aigulie was used to share her Nang with me. Nang is a specially kind of cake in Xinjiang. I like them very much. Now Aigulie and I study at different colleges or we can only see each other during the summer vacation. I think over her a lot and I miss the food and the good time we had together.2011年（全国卷II）Dear George,It's been a week after we left your family and we are now back home. Thank you very much for showing them around your city and providing us for the wonderful meals. After we said goodbye to you, we went to Washington D.C. ,that we stayed for three days. My brother was so much fond of the museums there that he begged my parents tostaying another couple of day. However, my father had to return to work on Monday so we fly back last Saturday afternoon. It was really a nice experience. If you'd like to make trip to our city some day, I will be better than happy to be your guide.Yours, Mike2012年（全国卷I）Every one of us can make a great efforts to cut off the use of energy in our country. To begin with, all of us can start reducing to the use of oil by driving only when we have a real need. That won't easy, I know，but we have to start anywhere. What's more, we can go to work by bike once and twice a week, and we can also buy smaller cars that burn less oil. Other way is to watch our everyday use of water and electric at home. For example, how many times have you walked out of a room and leave the lights or television when no one else was there?2012年（全国卷II）Dear Editor,I’m writing to tell you opinion about water saving. Water is important. We, as well as animal, cannot live without water and neither agriculture or industry can go without it. Yet it seemed water is becoming less and less. Many countries in the world find we don’t have enough water. To deal with a problem, I think, we should first go all out to plant trees though trees will help save water. Next, no drinking water should left running. Third, we should find ways to reuse the water using in washing, especially bath water for which is quite a lot, and that will save much water.Sincerely, Li Hua2013年新课标1I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. She is just a distant memory for me now. I remember my grandfather very much. He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. In a fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have never known.2013年新课标2The book I’m reading of talks about afternoon tea in Britain．It is said to have started in the early 1800’s．Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, that might not be served until 8 o’clock at night．This custom soon becomes another meal of day．Interesting, it had a connection by the British porcelain（瓷器）industry．Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles．When tea got popular in Britain, there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits．This made for the grow in the porcelain industry．2013年(全国一卷）My father and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel for a week when we visit Beijing last month. It is in the downtown area, but it is easy to go to anywhere from the hotel by public transport.We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath. What I liked best were the free high-speed Internet connection in the room. I checked my email messages every day. I also shared for my friends many photos taking in Beijing. The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and we enjoyed several local dish.It is such great hotel that I would recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing.2013年(全国二卷）Two years before, I traveled to Brazil and I rented for a car. Unfortunate, I had an accident and hit another car, and I needed to stay in a hospital for at least two week. I called my parents, so I did not tell them what had happened. I knew that they will be worried about myself because I was so farther away, and that my mother would not sleep if she knew. Therefore, I told them interested stories and how I was enjoying Brazil. As a result, nobody knew truth. I still think that it was the right thing to do.2014年(全国一卷）Nearly five years before ,and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes（圣女果）in our back garden, since then---for all these year---we had been allowing tomatoes to self seed where they please . As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors .Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problem. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at on cost!2014年(全国二卷）My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lesson in the morning and two in the afternoon. We didn’t need to do so many homework. Therefore , we have more time with after-school activities. For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sport for one hour every day.My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom, buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, sat by the lake listening music. The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only our teachers but also our friends.（2015全国一卷）第一节短文改错(共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out. We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so, we’ll live to regret it.（2015全国二卷）One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked intothe shop. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parentswere missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him crying and telling him towait outside a shop. Five minutes later. Tony saw parents. Mom said, “How nice tosee you again! Dad and I were terrible worried.” Tony promised her that this wouldnever happen again.（2016新课标I）My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncles tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.（2016新课标II）The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.（2016新课标III）The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me . They were also the best and worse years in my life . At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time , I evenfelt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.（2017新课标I）In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!”“Slow down!”“Turning left!”I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.（2017新课标II）Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden , that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the vegetables！（2017新课标III）When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music,and collecting the late music albums.This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.1998-2017年全国卷英语短文改错NMET 19981. was 改为am。

1998年全国高考英语试题及答案(英语学习).doc

1998年全国高考英语试题及答案（英语学习）Ⅰ.单项填空（共25小题，每小题1分；满分25分）A)从A、B、C、D中找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。

例：haveA.gaveB.saveC.hatD.made答案是C。

1.prove A.stone B.route C.stove D.hook2.anxious A.branch B.conclusion C.dangerous D.tongue3.breathe A.health B.deaf C.increase D.pleasure4.achieve A.research B.chemist C.technique D.stomach5.silver A.silent B.pretty C.tiny D.rejectB)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。

例：We_____last night,but we went to the concert instead.A.must have studiedB.might studyC.should have studiedD.would study答案是C。

6.--Can you come on Monday or Tuesday--I’m afraid_____day is possible.A.eitherB.neitherC.someD.any7.--You haven’t b een to Beijing,have you--_____.How I wish to go there!A.Yes,I haveB.Yes,I haven’tC.No,I haveD.No,I haven’t8.I hate_____when people talk with their mouths full.A.itB.thatC.theseD.them9.Dr,Black comes from eithe r Oxford or Cambridge,I can’t remember_____.A.whereB.thereC.whichD.that10.--Nancy is not coming tonight.--But she_____!A.promisesB.promisedC.will promiseD.had promised11.If I had_____,I’d visit Europe,stopping at al l the small interesting places.A.a long enough holidayB.an enough long holidayc.a holiday enough long D.a long holiday enough12.Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lightshappened to_____.A.bi put upB.give inC.be turned onD.go out13.--When can I come for the photosI need them tomorrow afternoon.--They_____be ready by 12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need14.Professor White has written some short stories,but he is_____known for his plays.A.the bestB.moreC.betterD.the most15.--Can I get you a cup of tea--_____.A.That’s very nice of youB.With pleasureC.You can,pleaseD.Thank you for the tea16.Why do you want a new job_____you’ve got such a good one alreadyA.thatB.whereC.whichD.when17.They_____the train until it disappeared in the distance.A.sawB.watchedC.noticedD.observed18._____it with me and I’ll see what I can do.A.When leftB.LeavingC.If you leaveD.Leave19.--I stayed at a hotel while in New York.--Oh,did youYou_____with Barbara.A.could have stayedB.could stayC.would stayD.must have stayed20.Shirley_____a book about China last year but I don’t kno w whether she has finished it.A.has writtenB.wroteC.had writtenD.was writing21.You’ll find this map of great_____in helping you to get roundLondon.A.priceB.costC.valueefulness22.It was only when I reread his poems recently_____I began to appreciate their beauty.A.untilB.thatC.thenD.so23.Cleaning women in big cities usually get_____by the hour.A.payB.payingC.paidD.to pay24.--Hi,Tracy,you look tired.--I am tired.I_____the living room all day.A.paintedB.had paintedC.have been paintingD.have painted25.European football is played in 80 countries,_____it the most popular sport in the world.A.makingB.makesC.makeD.to makeⅡ.完形填空（共25小题，每小题1分；满分25分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从26～50各题所给的四个选项中，一个最佳答案。

1999年考研英语真题及答案

1999年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I: Structure and V ocabularyPart ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points)l.Anyone with half an eye on the unemployment figures knew that the assertion about economic recovery ________ just around the corner was untrue.[A] would be[B] to be[C] was[D] being2.Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills ________ people each year than automobile accidents.[A] seven more times[B] seven times more[C] over seven times[D] seven times3.It’s easy to blame the decline of conversation on the pace of modern life and on the vague changes ________ place in our ever-changing world.[A] taking[B] to take[C] take[D] taken4.This is an exciting area of study, and one ________ which new applications are being discovered almost daily.[A] from[B] by[C] in[D] through5.________ can be seen from the comparison of these figures, the principle involves the active participation of the patient in the modification of his condition.[A] As[B] What[C] That[D] It6.Although I had been invited to the opening ceremony, I was unable to attend ________ such short notice.[A] to[B] in[C] with[D] on7.California has more light than it knows ________ to do with but everything else is expensive.[A] how[B] what[C] which[D] where8.The solution works only for couples who are self-employed, don’t have small children and get along ________ to spend most of their time together.[A] so well[B] too well[C] well as[D] well enough9.Marlin is a young man of independent thinking who is not about ________ compliments to his political leaders.[A] paying[B] having paid[C] to pay[D] to have paid10.These proposals sought to place greater restrictions on the use and copying of digital information than ________ in traditional media.[A] exist[B] exists[C] existing[D] to existPart BDirections:Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points)11.Your math instructor would have been [A] happy to give you a makeup examination had you gone [B] and explained [C] that your parents had been [D] ill at the time.12.As the children become financially [A] independent of [B] the family, the emphasis on [C] family financial security will shift from protection to save [D] for the retirement years.13.Were [A] the Times Co. to purchase another major media company, there is no doubt that it could [B] dramatically transform a family-ran [C] enterprise that still gets 90% of its [D] revenues from newspapers.14.Symposium talks will cover a wide range [A] of subjects from [B] over-fishing to physical and environment [C] factors that affect the populations [D] of different species.15.Conversation calls for a [A] willingness to alternate the role of speaker with one [B] of listener[C], and it calls for occasional ‘digestive pauses’ by [D] both.16.If two theories are equal to [A] their ability to account for [B] a body of data, the theory that does so [C] with the smaller number of assumptions is to be preferred [D].17.The Committee adopted a resolution requiring [A] the seven automakers selling [B] the most cars in the state making [C] 2 percent of those vehicles emissions-free [D] by 1998.18.As long as [A] poor people, who in general are colored, are in conflict with [B] richer people,who in general are lighter [C] skin [D], there’s going to be a constant racial conflict in the world.19.All those left undone [A] may sound greatly [B] in theory, but even the trust believer [C] has great difficulty when [D] it comes to specifics.20.Even if [A] automakers modify commercially produced cars to run on [B] alternative fuels [C], the cars won’t catch on in a big way when [D] drivers can fill them up at the gas station.Part CDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)21.An important property of a scientific theory is its ability to ________ further research and further thinking about a particular topic.[A] stimulate[B] renovate[C] arouse[D] advocate22.Although architecture has artistic qualities, it must also satisfy a number of important practical ________.[A] obligations[B] regulations[C] observations[D] considerations23.Life insurance is financial protection for dependents against loss ________ the bread-winner’s death.[A] at the cost of[B] on the verge of[C] as a result of[D] for the sake of24.In education there should be a good ________ among the branches of knowledge that contribute to effective thinking and wise judgment.[A] distribution[B] balance[C] combination[D] assignment25.The American dream is most ________ during the periods of productivity and wealth generated by American capitalism.[A] plausible[B] patriotic[C] primitive[D] partial26.Poverty is not ________ in most cities although, perhaps because of the crowded conditions in certain areas, it is more visible there.[A] rare[B] temporary[D] segmental27.People who live in small towns often seem more friendly than those living in ________ populated areas.[A] densely[B] intensely[C] abundantly[D] highly28.As a way of ________ the mails while they were away, the Johnsons asked the cleaning lady to send little printed slips asking the senders to write again later.[A] picking up[B] coping with[C] passing out[D] getting across29.Tom’s mother tried hard to persuade him to ________ from his intention to invest his savings in stock market.[A] pull out[B] give up[C] draw in[D] back down30.An increasing proportion of our population, unable to live without advanced medical ________, will become progressively more reliant on expensive technology.[A] interference[B] interruption[C] intervention[D] interaction31.These causes produced the great change in the country that modernized the ________ of higher education from the mid-1860’s to the mid-1880’s.[A] branch[B] category[C] domain[D] scope32.Nobody yet knows how long and how seriously the ________ in the financial system will drag down the economy.[A] shallowness[B] shakiness[C] scantiness[D] stiffness33.Crisis would be the right term to describe the ________ in many animal species.[A] minimization[B] restriction[C] descent[D] decline34.The city is an important railroad ________ and industrial and convention center.[B] network[C] junction[D] link35.Prof. White, my respected tutor, frequently reminds me to ________ myself of every chance to improve my English.[A] assure[B] inform[C] avail[D] notify36.Researchers discovered that plants infected with a virus give off a gas that ________ disease resistance in neighboring plants.[A] contracts[B] activates[C] maintains[D] prescribe37.Corporations and labor unions have ________ great benefits upon their employees and members as well as upon the general public.[A] conferred[B] granted[C] flung[D] submitted38.The movement of the moon conveniently provided the unit of month, which was ________ from one new moon to the next.[A] measured[B] reckoned[C] judged[D] assessed39.The judge ruled that the evidence was inadmissible on the grounds that it was ________ to the issue at hand.[A] irrational[B] unreasonable[C] invalid[D] irrelevant40.Fuel scarcities and price increases ________ automobile designers to scale down the largest models and to develop completely new lines of small cars and trucks.[A] persuaded[B] prompted[C] imposed[D] enlightenedSection II: Cloze TestDirections:For each numbered blank in following passage, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the correspondingletter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)Industrial safety does not just happen. Companies __41__ low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep them __42__ and active. When the work is well done, a __43__ of accident-free operations is established __44__ time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum.Successful safety programs may __45__ greatly in the emphasis placed on certain aspects of the program.Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by __46__ rules or regulations. __47__ others depend on an emotional appeal to the worker. But, there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained. There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial stand-point alone, safety __48__. The fewer the injury __49__, the better the workman’s insurance rate. This may mean the difference between operating at __50__ or at a loss.41.[A] at[B] in[C] on[D] with42.[A] alive[B] vivid[C] mobile[D] diverse43.[A] regulation[B] climate[C] circumstance[D] requirement44.[A] where[B] how[C] what[D] unless45.[A] alter[B] differ[C] shift[D] distinguish46.[A] constituting[B] aggravating[C] observing[D] justifying47.[A] Some[B] Many[C] Even[D] Still48.[A] comes off[B] turns up[C] pays off[D] holds up49.[A] claims[B] reports[C] declarations[D] proclamations50.[A] an advantage[B] a benefit[C] an interest[D] a profitSection III: Reading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points)Text 1It’s a rough world out there. Step outside and you could break a leg slipping on your doormat. Light up the stove and you could burn down the house. Luckily, if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster, a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troubles. Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s, when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers’ misfortunes.Feeling threatened, companies responded by writing ever-longer warning labels, trying to anticipate every possible accident. Today, stepladders carry labels several inches long that warn, among other things, that you might -- surprise! -- fall off. The label on a child’s Batman cape cautions that the toy “does not enable user to fly.”While warnings are often appropriate and necessary -- the dangers of drug interactions, for example -- and many are required by state or federal regulations, it isn’t clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured. About 50 percent of the companies lose when injured customers take them to court.Now the tide appears to be turning. As personal injury claims continue as before, some courts are beginning to side with defendants, especially in cases where a warning label probably wouldn’t have changed anything. In May, Julie Nimmons, president of Schutt Sports in Illinois, successfully fought a lawsuit involving a football player who was paralyzed in a game while wearing a Schutt helmet. “We’re really sorry he has become paralyzed, but helmets aren’t designed to prevent those kinds of injuries,” says Nimmons. The jury agreed that the nature of the game, not the helmet, was the reason for the athlete’s injury. At the same time, the American Law Institute -- a group of judges, lawyers, and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight -- issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones. “Important information can get buried in a sea of trivialities,” says a law professor at Cornell law School who helped draft the new guidelines. If the moderate end of the legal community has its way, the information on products might actually be provided for the benefit of customers and not as protection against legal liability.51.What were things like in 1980s when accidents happened?[A] Customers might be relieved of their disasters through lawsuits.[B] Injured customers could expect protection from the legal system.[C] Companies would avoid being sued by providing new warnings.[D] Juries tended to find fault with the compensations companies promised.52.Manufacturers as mentioned in the passage tend to ________.[A] satisfy customers by writing long warnings on products[B] become honest in describing the inadequacies of their products[C] make the best use of labels to avoid legal liability[D] feel obliged to view customers’ safety as their first concern53.The case of Schutt helmet demonstrated that ________.[A] some injury claims were no longer supported by law[B] helmets were not designed to prevent injuries[C] product labels would eventually be discarded[D] some sports games might lose popularity with athletes54.The author’s attitude towards the issue seems to be ________.[A] biased[B] indifferent[C] puzzling[D] objectiveText 2In the first year or so of Web business, most of the action has revolved around efforts to tap the consumer market. More recently, as the Web proved to be more than a fashion, companies have started to buy and sell products and services with one another. Such business-to-business sales make sense because business people typically know what product they’re looking for. Nonetheless, many companies still hesitate to use the Web because of doubts about its reliability. “Businesses need to feel they can trust the pathway between them and the supplier,” says senior analyst Blane Erwin of Forrester Research. Some companies are limiting the risk by conducting online transactions only with established business partners who are given access to the company’s private intranet.Another major shift in the model for Internet commerce concerns the technology available for marketing. Until recently, Internet marketing activities have focused on strategies to “pull” customers into sites. In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to “push” information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted customers. Most notably, the Pointcast Network uses a screen saver to deliver a continually updated stream of news and advertisements to subscribers’ computer monitors. Subscribers can customize the information they want to receive and proceed directly to a company’s Web site. Companies such as Virtual Vineyards are already starting to use similar technologies to push messages to customers about special sales, product offerings, or other events. But push technology has earned the contempt of many Web users. Online culture thinks highly of the notion that the information flowing onto the screen comes there by specific request. Once commercial promotion begins to fill the screen uninvited, the distinction between the Web and television fades. That’s a prospect that horrifies Net purists.But it is hardly inevitable that companies on the Web will need to resort to push strategies to make money. The examples of Virtual Vineyards, , and other pioneers show that a Web site selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity, hospitality, and security willattract online customers. And the cost of computing power continues to free fall, which is a good sign for any enterprise setting up shop in silicon. People looking back 5 or 10 years from now may well wonder why so few companies took the online plunge.55.We learn from the beginning of the passage that Web business ________.[A] has been striving to expand its market[B] intended to follow a fanciful fashion[C] tried but in vain to control the market[D] has been booming for one year or so56.Speaking of the online technology available for marketing, the author implies that ________.[A] the technology is popular with many Web users[B] businesses have faith in the reliability of online transactions[C] there is a radical change in strategy[D] it is accessible limitedly to established partners57.In the view of Net purists, ________.[A] there should be no marketing messages in online culture[B] money making should be given priority to on the Web[C] the Web should be able to function as the television set[D] there should be no online commercial information without requests58.We learn from the last paragraph that ________.[A] pushing information on the Web is essential to Internet commerce[B] interactivity, hospitality and security are important to online customers[C] leading companies began to take the online plunge decades ago[D] setting up shops in silicon is independent of the cost of computing powerText 3An invisible border divides those arguing for computers in the classroom on the behalf of students’ career prospects and those arguing for computers in the classroom for broader reasons of radical educational reform. Very few writers on the subject have explored this distinction -- indeed, contradiction -- which goes to the heart of what is wrong with the campaign to put computers in the classroom.An education that aims at getting a student a certain kind of job is a technical education, justified for reasons radically different from why education is universally required by law. It is not simply to raise everyone’s job prospects that all children are legally required to attend school into their teens. Rather, we have a certain conception of the American citizen, a character who is incomplete if he cannot competently assess how his livelihood and happiness are affected by things outside of himself. But this was not always the case; before it was legally required for all children to attend school until a certain age, it was widely accepted that some were just not equipped by nature to pursue this kind of education. With optimism characteristic of all industrialized countries, we came to accept that everyone is fit to be educated. Computer-education advocates forsake this optimistic notion for a pessimism that betrays their otherwise cheery outlook. Banking on the confusion between educational and vocational reasons for bringing computers into schools, computer-education advocates often emphasize the job prospects of graduates over their educational achievement.There are some good arguments for a technical education given the right kind of student. Many European schools introduce the concept of professional training early on in order to make surechildren are properly equipped for the professions they want to join. It is, however, presumptuous to insist that there will only be so many jobs for so many scientists, so many businessmen, so many accountants. Besides, this is unlikely to produce the needed number of every kind of professional in a country as large as ours and where the economy is spread over so many states and involves so many international corporations.But, for a small group of students, professional training might be the way to go since well-developed skills, all other factors being equal, can be the difference between having a job and not. Of course, the basics of using any computer these days are very simple. It does not take a lifelong acquaintance to pick up various software programs. If one wanted to become a computer engineer, that is, of course, an entirely different story. Basic computer skills take -- at the very longest -- a couple of months to learn. In any case, basic computer skills are only complementary to the host of real skills that are necessary to becoming any kind of professional. It should be observed, of course, that no school, vocational or not, is helped by a confusion over its purpose.59.The author thinks the present rush to put computers in the classroom is ________.[A] far-reaching[B] dubiously oriented[C] self-contradictory[D] radically reformatory60.The belief that education is indispensable to all children ________.[A] is indicative of a pessimism in disguise[B] came into being along with the arrival of computers[C] is deeply rooted in the minds of computer-education advocates[D] originated from the optimistic attitude of industrialized countries61.It could be inferred from the passage that in the author’s country the European model of professional training is ________.[A] dependent upon the starting age of candidates[B] worth trying in various social sections[C] of little practical value[D] attractive to every kind of professional62.According to the author, basic computer skills should be ________.[A] included as an auxiliary course in school[B] highlighted in acquisition of professional qualifications[C] mastered through a life-long course[D] equally emphasized by any school, vocational or otherwiseText 4When a Scottish research team startled the world by revealing 3 months ago that it had cloned an adult sheep, President Clinton moved swiftly. Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans, he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment -- although no one had proposed to do so -- and asked an independent panel of experts chaired by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning. That group -- the National Bioethics Advisory Commission (NBAC) -- has been working feverishly to put its wisdom on paper, and at a meeting on 17 May, members agreed on a near-final draft of their recommendations.NBAC will ask that Clinton’s 90-day ban on federal funds for human cloning be extendedindefinitely, and possibly that it be made law. But NBAC members are planning to word the recommendation narrowly to avoid new restrictions on research that involves the cloning of human DNA or cells -- routine in molecular biology. The panel has not yet reached agreement on a crucial question, however, whether to recommend legislation that would make it a crime for private funding to be used for human cloning.In a draft preface to the recommendations, discussed at the 17 May meeting, Shapiro suggested that the panel had found a broad consensus that it would be “morally unacceptable to attempt to create a human child by adult nuclear cloning.” Shapiro explained during the meeting that the moral doubt stems mainly from fears about the risk to the health of the child. The panel then informally accepted several general conclusions, although some details have not been settled.NBAC plans to call for a continued ban on federal government funding for any attempt to clone body cell nuclei to create a child. Because current federal law already forbids the use of federal funds to create embryos (the earliest stage of human offspring before birth) for research or to knowingly endanger an embryo’s life, NBAC will remain silent on embryo research. NBAC members also indicated that they will appeal to privately funded researchers and clinics not to try to clone humans by body cell nuclear transfer. But they were divided on whether to go further by calling for a federal law that would impose a complete ban on human cloning. Shapiro and most members favored an appeal for such legislation, but in a phone interview, he said this issue was still “up in the air.”63.We can learn from the first paragraph that ________.[A] federal funds have been used in a project to clone humans[B] the White House responded strongly to the news of cloning[C] NBAC was authorized to control the misuse of cloning technique[D] the White House has got the panel’s recommendations on cloning64.The panel agreed on all of the following except that ________.[A] the ban on federal funds for human cloning should be made a law[B] the cloning of human DNA is not to be put under more control[C] it is criminal to use private funding for human cloning[D] it would be against ethical values to clone a human being65.NBAC will leave the issue of embryo research undiscussed because ________.[A] embryo research is just a current development of cloning[B] the health of the child is not the main concern of embryo research[C] an embryo’s life will not be endangered in embryo research[D] the issue is explicitly stated and settled in the law66.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________.[A] some NBAC members hesitate to ban human cloning completely[B] a law banning human cloning is to be passed in no time[C] privately funded researchers will respond positively to NBAC’s appeal[D] the issue of human cloning will soon be settledText 5Science, in practice, depends far less on the experiments it prepares than on the preparedness of the minds of the men who watch the experiments. Sir Isaac Newton supposedly discovered gravity through the fall of an apple. Apples had been falling in many places for centuries and thousands of people had seen them fall. But Newton for years had been curious about the cause of the orbitalmotion of the moon and planets. What kept them in place? Why didn’t they fall out of the sky? The fact that the apple fell down toward the earth and not up into the tree answered the question he had been asking himself about those larger fruits of the heavens, the moon and the planets.How many men would have considered the possibility of an apple falling up into the tree? Newton did because he was not trying to predict anything. He was just wondering. His mind was ready for the unpredictable. Unpredictability is part of the essential nature of research. If you don’t have unpredictable things, you don’t have research. Scientists tend to forget this when writing their cut and dried reports for the technical journals, but history is filled with examples of it.In talking to some scientists, particularly younger ones, you might gather the impression that they find the “scientific method” a substitute for imaginative thought. I’ve attended research conferences where a scientist has been asked what he thinks about the advisability of continuing a certain experiment. The scientist has frowned, looked at the graphs, and said “the data are still inconclusive.” “We know that,” the men from the budget office have said, “but what do you think? Is it worthwhile going on? What do you think we might expect?” The scientist has been shocked at having even been asked to speculate.What this amounts to, of course, is that the scientist has become the victim of his own writings. He has put forward unquestioned claims so consistently that he not only believes them himself, but has convinced industrial and business management that they are true. If experiments are planned and carried out according to plan as faithfully as the reports in the science journals indicate, then it is perfectly logical for management to expect research to produce results measurable in dollars and cents. It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope. Nor, if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect, is management to be blamed for discriminating against the “odd balls” among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who “work well with the team.”67.The author wants to prove with the example of Isaac Newton that ________.[A] inquiring minds are more important than scientific experiments[B] science advances when fruitful researches are conducted[C] scientists seldom forget the essential nature of research[D] unpredictability weighs less than prediction in scientific research68.The author asserts that scientists ________.[A] shouldn’t replace “scientific method” with imaginative thought[B] shouldn’t neglect to speculate on unpredictable things[C] should write more concise reports for technical journals[D] should be confident about their research findings69.It seems that some young scientists ________.[A] have a keen interest in prediction[B] often speculate on the future[C] think highly of creative thinking[D] stick to “scientific method”70.The author implies that the results of scientific research ________.[A] may not be as profitable as they are expected[B] can be measured in dollars and cents。

1999年度全国英语专业四级试题及答案(3)

1999年度全国英语专业四级试题及答案(3) SECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANNING ［5 min］In this section there are seven passages with a total often multiple-choice questions. Skim or scan them as required and then mark your answers on your answer sheet.TEXT EFirst read the following question.81. This is a letter of___.A. inquiryB. complaintC.explanation D introductionNow, go through TEXT E quickly and answer question 81.Flat 24Park MansionsNewbury RoadThe ManagerReliable Motors Ltd.876 Meadow Street 14th May 2002Dear Sir,I am writing to you concerning the Bernster Special 150 SE that I bought from yo u two weeks ago. The car has now developed the following faults:1. The steering wheel is loose.2. The hand brake does not work.3. Oil is leaking from the engine.4. The driver’s door-does not close properly.Will you please telephone me and we can arrange for you to collect the car. Unle ss you can put the car in perfect working order, 1 am afraid I shall report your company to the Consumers’ Association.Yours faithfully,Tony LockwoodTEXT FFirst read the following question.82. The passage is mainly about___.A. Christmas salesB. retailing businessC. Internet populationD. online shoppingNow, go through TEXT F quickly and answer question 82.Online shopping (网上购物) has become a major force in retailing this year with more than US$1 billion in Christmas season sales, industry analysts say.The figure for the holiday tops the total for Internet shopping in all of 1996. Online shopping for the holiday season remained just a drop in the ocean of the estimated US$450 bilion spent by US consumers. But the figure is growing rapidly.International Data Corporation, a market research group, predicts the World Wide Web (万维网) population will reach almost 100 million by 1998 and that online c ommerce will grow to more than US$20 billion.TEXT GFirst read the following question83. The passage discusses the aim of___.A. the organizationB. blood centres in the USAC. FDA new rulesD. AIDS preventionNow, go through TEXT G quick and answer question 83.The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is taking steps to protect the country’s blood supply. People give blood to the centres, where it is kept until it is needed for medical purposes. The FDA has provided new rules for the blood centres. The government agency says new rules are designed to improve the blood supply system. The new rules call for blood centres to develop more ways to make sure their wor k is done correctly.These rules are another way to help keep the blood supply pure. A leading concer n is that someone with AIDS virus might give blood to a blood centre. For this r eason, there are tests to find out if blood contains viruses that cause AIDS and other diseases.TEXT HFirst read the following question.84. The passage advertises overseas___.A. jobsB. studiesC. travelD. aidNow, go through TEXT H quickly and answer question 84.NEW HORIZONSAre you looking for something interesting to do? Then why not work abroad for a year or two? We have jobs in most parts of the world -including Europe, Africa and Southeast Asia.We have jobs for teachers, doctors, nurses, engineers, car mechanics and many ot hers. Why not see the world? We cannot offer you very much money, but the work is interesting. You can learn another language and work with people, too.For more information write to us at:NEW HORIZONS JOB CENTER,110 Spring Gardens,London SW ! 7BCPlease send your personal information (date of birth, educational qualifications , interests. experiences, etc.)TEXT IFirst read the following questions.85. Which number would you dial for home nursing?A. 0734 442456B. 0734 442675C. 08675 559478D. 08675 56449986. Blood donors are advised to contact___.A. Berkshire county officeB. St. John AmbulanceC. John Radcliffe HospitalD. Royal Berkshire HospitalNow, go through TEXT I quickly and answer questions 85 and 86.HEALTHAMBULANCE SERVICEIn All Emergencies Dial 999St John Ambulance:Berkshire County Office - ST John Centre Church Rd, Woodley. Reading, RG5 4QN.0734 442456.For details of first aid at work unit contact 0734 442675.Oxfordshire - St John House High St, Kidlington, Oxford. 0X5 2DN 08675 559478: Association; 08675 564499 Brigade, ambulance, home nursing, loan of medical equipment and first aid at work unit.BLOOD DONORSFor information contact-Oxford Regional Blood Transfusion Service: John Radcliffe Hospital Headley Way,Headington, Oxford, 0X3 9DU 0865 642831 HOSPITALSRoyal Berkshire Hospital: London Rd. Reading, RGI SAN. 0734 875111. ( Accident and emergency patients to South Wing).TEXT JFirst read the following questions.87. If you leave for Hong Kong on March l6th, you pay___.A. $799B. $849C. $829D. $96988. What is NOT included in the price?A. Local dept tax.B. Return flights.C. Transfers.D. Accommodation.Now, go through TEXT J quickly and answer questions 87 and 88.SPECIAL OFFERfrom $799HONG KONGEnjoy 5 nights in Hong Kong from $799New World Harbour View: Superior 1St class hotel in good location on Hong Kong Island.Superb swimming pool, tennis courts, restaurants, bars. Rooms with harbour view andAirconditioning, tea/coffee making facilities, minibar. TV, bath and shower.Departure dates: Price:02,10 Mar $79909,16 Mar $84917 Mar $82915 Apr $96927 Apr, 04, 18 May $999The price includes: Return flights. 5 nts accom (no meals). Transfers. Prices are per person sharing a twin room.Not included: UK dept tax. Local dept tax. Optional insurance: $30.To book, telephone: (open daily inc Sat/Sun)Tel: 01306 774300Fax: 01306 740328TEXT KFirst read the following questions.89. On hearing the fire alarm, those in class should go to___.A. A BlockB. B BlockC. C BlockD. the Assembly Area90. What should you do during the fire alarm?A. Make use of the lift.B. Collect personal things.C. Move along without noise.D. Overtake others on the way.Now, go through TEXT K quickly and answer questions 89 and 90.FIRE INSTRUCTIONSTHE PERSON DISCOVERING A FIRE WILL:1. OPERATE THE NEAREST FIRE ALARM.2. ATTACK THE FIRE WITH A V AILABLE EQUIPMENT, IF IT IS SAFE TO DO SO.FIRE ALARM BELLSThe Fire Alarm Bells will ring either in the area of A Block or in the area of BBlock and C Block. Those in the area where the Alarm Bells are ringing should t ake action as indicated below. Others should continue with their work.ON HEARING YOUR FIRE ALARM:1. Those in class: will go to the Assembly Area under instructions given by the teacher.2. Those elsewhere: will go to the Assembly Area by the most sensible route, and stay near the Head of their Department.ASSEMBLY AREAThe Assembly Area is the playing field which is south of the Sports Hall. Here n ames will be checked.PROCEDURE1 .Move quietly.2.Do NOT stop to collect your personal belongings.3.Do NOT attempt to pass others on your way to the Assembly Area.4.Do NOT use the lift.FIRE ALARMSFire Alarms are situated as follows:1. A BlockAt the Reception Desk; at east end of connecting corridor; outside the kitchen d oor.2. B BlockAt the bottom of both stairways and on each landing.3. C BlockInside entrance lobby of Sports Hall.。

高考英语最难年份

如果说要从历年高考英语难度来看，那么1999年无疑是最难的一年。

当年考试难度之高，不仅让来考的学生们感到惊慌失措，就连出题者们自己也觉得难度过高，想要重新出卷。

首先是阅读理解部分，整体难度较高。

其中一篇关于工厂机器人的文章难度特别突出，在当时考生们的回忆中，被评为“阅读史上最难”。

除此之外，还有一篇文章讲述了一个人的故事，语言含蓄，让人阅读起来非常困难。

其次是完形填空，整体难度持续较高，难度系数也紧跟着阅读理解。

其中，一篇精彩的故事“Two hawks， one prey”（两只鹰、一份掠夺者）让许多考生被深深吸引，不过这篇故事并不容易理解，难度系数在整个试卷中是最高的。

最后就是作文部分，难度可以说是最高的了，主要是因为出题者要求考生写关于过去、现在、未来的变化和与之相关的问题，需要考生有很深的思考。

考生除了要有足够的词汇储备和文化素养外，还需要有良好的逻辑思维能力，在有限的时间里完成难度较高的作文任务。

因为1999年高考英语难度之大，一时间引起了广泛的讨论和争论，一些学者和教育专家甚至表示，考试难度之高，对学生是不公平的，别的年份的难度是相对公平的。

当年的试卷难度，不仅让广大高考生遇到了“心理落差”，也让不少家长叹息不已。

总之，1999年是历年高考英语难度最大的一年，不仅题目难度极高，而且难度变化也比较大。

虽然这份试卷对于很多考生而言是难度之大的一次考验，但正是如此的高难度才能够考验出优秀的英语学生，同时也体现了高考对于英语学科的重视。

历史的经验之后，教育者和出题者们有必要从不断反思中总结经验教训，不断探索适合中国高考英语语境的出题思路和方法。

ayu-ytfa

、.~①我们‖打〈败〉了敌人。

②我们‖〔把敌人〕打〈败〉了。

1999年同等学力英语真题及参考答案

1999年同等学力英语真题及参考答案1999年同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试及答案Paper One 试卷一(90 minutes)Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes, 15 points) （略）Part II Vocabulary (15 minutes, 15 points)Section ADirections: In this section there are fifteen sentences , each with one word or phrase underlined . Choose the one from the four choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.I6. Courageous people think quickly and act without hesitation.A. complaintB. considerationC. delayD. Anxiety17. I've only recently explored Shakespeare with profit and pleasure.A. followedB. evaluatedC. actedD. studied18. Hardly a week goes by without some advance in technology that would have seemed incredible 50 yeas ago.A. hard to inventB. hard to understandC. hard to imagineD. hard to believe19. You have to pay a (n) premium for express delivery.A. extra chargeB. extra priceC. extra tipD. extra bonus20. Arriving anywhere with these possessions, he might just as easily put up for a month or a year for a single day.A. arrangeB. manageC. lastD. stay21. The salesman approached the house cautiously when he saw the vicious dog at the door.A. carefullyB. deliberatelyC. nervouslyD. bravely22. A new technological process may be employed to ~ this abundant supply directly.A. produceB. reserveC. exploitD. search23. An international treaty signed several years ago bans trade in plants and animal of endangered species.A. forbidsB. eliminatesC. promotesD. protects24. It is not easy to remain tranquil when events suddenly change you life.A. calmB. upsetC. steadyD. severe25. When faced with doubts from some advisers on the attempted invasion, Kennedy ignored them.A. failed to understandB. put up withC. stood up forD. refused to considerSection BDirections: In this section, there are ten incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are fourchoices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.26. Don't _______while I'm talking. You can ask what you want later.A. cut outB. cut inC. cut offD. cut down27. He misled management by giving it the idea that the older and more experienced men were not an _______ but a liability.A. assistanceB. advantageC. assetD. award28. In 400 A.D. Chinese children played with a fan-like toy that span upwards and fell back to earth as ______ceased.A. rotationB. suspensionC. emissionD. motivation29. As a good photographer, you must develop an awareness of the world around you and the people who ______ it.A. innovateB. inhabitC. integrateD. inherit30. Children in the United States are exposed to many influences _______those of their families.A. rather thanB. better thanC. more thanD. other than31. The fact that the earth's surface heats _______provides a convenient way to divide it into temperature regions.A. unsteadilyB. unevenlyC. infrequentlyD. irregularly32. You may never experience an earthquake or a volcanic eruption in your life, but you will _____changes in the land.A. adaptB. adoptC. witnessD. define33. It is understood that the filming of Legends is almost complete and the film is not _______ to be delayed.A. easyB. availableC. greatD. likely34. The first step before making any decision toA. interactB. integrateC. interveneD. intensify35. The television station is supported byA. donationsB. advertisementsC. pensionsD. accountsPart III Reading Comprehension (45minutes, 30 points)Directions: There are six passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage OneLateral thinking (迂回思维), first described by Edward de Bone in 1967, is just a few years older than Edward's son. You might imagine that Caspar was raised to be an adventurous thinker, but the de Bone was so famous, Caspar's parents worried that any time he would say something bright at school, his teachers mightsnap, "Where do you get that idea from?""We had to be careful and not overdo it." Edward admits. Now Caspar is at Oxford-which once looked unlikely because he is also slightly dyslexic (诵读困难). In fact, when he was applying to Oxford, none of his school teachers thought he had a chance. "So then we did several thinking sessions," his father says, "using my techniques and, when he went up for the exam, he did extremely well." Soon after, Edward de Bone decided to write his latest book, "Teach Your Child How to Think," in which he transforms the thinking skills he developed for brain-storming businessmen into informal exercises for parents and children to share.Thinking is traditionally regarded as something executed in a logical sequence, and everybody knows that children aren't very logical. So isn't it an uphill battle, trying to teach them to think? "You know," Edward de Bone says, "if you examine people's thinking, it is quite unusual to find faults of logic. But the faults of perception are huge! Often we think ineffectively because we take too limited a view.""Teach Your Child How to Think" offers lessons in perception improvement, of clearly seeing the implications of something you are saying and exploring the alternatives.36. What is TRUE about Caspar?A. He first described lateral thinking.B. He is often scolded by his teacher.C. He is Edward's son.D. He is an adventurous thinker.37. Caspar succeeded in applying to Oxford because ________.A. he used in the exam the techniques provided by his fatherB. he read the book "Teach Your Child How to think" beforethe examC. he was careful and often overworkedD. all of his school teachers thought he had a chance38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that Edward _________.A. was prompted to study lateral thinking because his son was slightly dyslexicB. once taught businessmen how to think before he wrote for parents and childrenC. was likely to improve children's logic with his bookD. gave a description of lateral thinking several years after his son was born39. According to Paragraph 3, which of the following statements expresses Edward de Bone's view?A. We often think ineffectively because we take too limited a view.B. Thinking is traditionally regarded as something executed in a logical sequence.C. Everybody knows that children aren't very logical.D. h is an uphill battle trying to teach children to think.40. Lateral thinking refers to the following EXCEPT _______.A. seeing the implications of what you are sayingB. exploring the alternatives for what you are sayingC. improving one's logic in thinkingD. improving one's perception in thinkingPassage TwoFor millions of years before die appearance of die electric light, shift work, all-night cable TV and die Internet, earth's creatures evolved on a planet with predictable and reassuring 24-hour rhythms. Our biological clocks are set for this daily cycle. Simply, our bodies want to sleep at night and be awake duringthe day. Most women and men need between eight and eight and a half hours of sleep a night to function properly throughout their lives. (Contrary to popular belief, humans don’t need less sleep as they age.)But on average, Americans sleep only about seven and a half hour per night, a marked drop from the ninehours they averaged in 1910. What's worse, nearly one third of all Americans get less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night. For most people, that's not nearly enough.Finding ways to get more and better sleep can be a challenge. Scientists have identified more than 80 different sleep disorders. Some sleeping disorders are genetic. But many problems are caused by staying up late and by traveling frequently between time zone or by working nights. Dr. James F. Jones at National Jewish Medical and Research Center in Denver says that sleep disorders are often diagnosed as other discomforts. About one third of the patients referred to him with possible chronic fatigue syndrome actually have treatable sleep disorders. “Before we do anything else, we look at their sleep,” Jones says.Sleep experts say that most people would benefit from a good look at their sleep patterns. My motto (座右铭) is 'Sleep defensively'," says Mary Carskadon of Brown University. She says people need to carve out sufficient time to sleep, even if it means giving up other things. Sleep routines -- l/ire going to bed and getting up at the same time every day -- are important. Pre-bedtime activities also make a difference. As with Eisner, who used to suffer from sleeplessness, a few life style changes—avoiding stimulants and late meals, exercising hours before bedtime, relaxing with a hot bath—yield better sleep.41. What is TRUE of human sleep?A. On average, people in the U. S. today sleep less per night than they used to.B. For most people, less than six hoers of sleep on a typical work night is enough,C. Most people need less sleep when they grow older.D. Most people need seven and a half hems of sleep every night42. For our bodies to function properly, we should _______.A. adjust our activities to the new inventionsB. be able to predict the rhythms of our biological clocksC. sleep for at least eight hours per nightD. believe that we need less sleep as we age43. According to the author, many sleeping disorders are caused by _______.A. improper sleep patternsB. chronic fatigue syndromeC. other diseasesD. pre-bedtime exercises44. Which of the following measures can help you sleep better?A. Having late meals.B. Traveling between time zonesC. Staying up late.D. Taking a hot bath.45. "Sleep defensively" means that ~-A. people should sacrifice other things to getting enough sleep if necessaryB. people should give up going to bed and getting up at the same time every day.C. people should go to a doctor and have their problemsdiagnosedD. people should exercise immediately before going to bed every nightPassage ThreeThe media can impact current events. As a graduate student at Berkeley in the 1960s, I remember experiencing the events related to the People's Park that were occurring on campus. Same of these events were given national media coverage in the press and on TV. I found it interesting to compare my impressions of what was going on with perceptions obtained from the news media. I could begin to see events of that time feed on news coverage. This also provided me with some healthy insights into the distinctions between these realities.Electronic media are having a greater impact on the people's lives every day. People gather more and more of their impressions from representations. Television and telephone communications are linking people to a global village, or what one writer calls the electronic city. Consider the information that television brings into your home every day. Consider also the contact you have with others simply by using telephone. These media extend your consciousness and your contact. For example, the video coverage of the1989 San Francisco earthquake focused on "live action" such as the fires or the rescue efforts. This gave the viewer the impression of total disaster. Television coverage of the Iraqi War also developed an immediacy. CNN reported events as they happened. This coverage was distributed worldwide. Although most people were far away from these events, they developed some perception of these realities.In 1992, many people watched in horror as riots broke out on a sad Wednesday evening in Los Angeles, seemingly fed byvideo coverage from helicopters. This event was triggered by the verdict (裁定) in the Rodney King beating. We are now in an age where the public can have access to information that enables it to make its own judgments, and most people, who had seen the video of this beating, could not understand how the jury (陪审团) was able to acquit (宣布无罪) the policemen involved. Media coverage of events as they occur also provides powerful feedback that influences events. This can have harmful results, as it seemed on that Wednesday night in Los Angeles. By Friday night the public got to see Rodney King on television pleading, "Can we all get along?" By Saturday, television seemed to provide positive feedback as the Los Angeles riot turned out into a rally for peace. The television showed thousands of people marching with banners and cleaning tools. Because of that, many more people turned out to join the peaceful event they saw unfolding (展开) on television. The real healing, of course, will take much longer, but electronic media will continue to be a part of that process.46. The best title for the passage is _________.A. The1989 San Francisco Earthquake and the i992 Los Angeles RiotsB. How Media Cover EventsC. The 1992 Los Angeles RiotsD. The Impact of Media on Current Events47. All the following statements are true EXCEPT that _________.A. all the events occurring on the university campus at Berkeley were given national mediacoverageB. video coverage of the 1989 San Francisco earthquake gavethe viewers the impression of totaldisasterC. electronic media can extend one's contact with the worldD. those living far away from a certain event can also have some perception of realities bywatching television48. The term "electronic city" in Paragraph 2 refers toA. BerkeleyC. Los AngelesB. EarthD. San Francisco49. The 1992 Los Angeles riots broke out becauseA. video coverage from helicopters had made people angryB. video coverage had provided powerful feedbackC. the jury acquitted the policemen who had beaten Rodney KingD. people can make their own judgements50. It can be inferred from the passage thatA. the 1992 Los Angeles riots lasted a whole weekB. Rodney King seemed very angry when he appeared on television on FridayC. media coverage of events as they occur can have either good or bad resultsD. most people who had seen the video of the Rodney King beating agree with the verdict of thejuryPassage FourAt the Kyoto conference on global warming in December 1997, it became abundantlyclearhow complex it has become to work out internationalagreements relating to the environmentbecause of economic concerns unique to each country. It is no longer enough to try to forbidcertain activities or to reduce emissions of certain substances. The global challenges of theinterlink between the environment and development increasing bring us to the core of the economic life of states. During the late 1980s we were able, through international agreements, to make deep cuts in emissions harmful to the ozone layer. These reductions were made possible because substitutions had been found for many of the harmful chemicals and, more important, because the harmful substances could be replaced without negative effects on employment and the economies of states.Although the threat of global warming has been known to the world for decades and all countries and leaders agree that we need to deal with the problem, we also know that the effects of measures, especially harsh measures taken in some countries, would be nullified (抵消) if other countries do not control their emissions. Whereas the UN team on climate change has found that the emissions of carbon dioxide would have to be cut globally by 60% to stabilize the content of CO, in the atmosphere, this path is not feasible for several reasons. Such deep cuts would cause a breakdown of the world economy. Important and populous (人口众多的) low –or medium-income countries are not yet willing to undertake legal commitments about their energy uses. In addition, the state of world technology would not yet permit us to make such a big leap.We must, however, find a solution to the threat of global warming early in the 21st century.Such a commitment would require a degree of shared vision and common responsibilities new to humanity. Success ties in the force of imaginations, in imagining what would happen if we fail to act. Although many living in cold regions would welcome the global-warming effect of a warmer summer, few would cheer the arrival of the subsequent tropical diseases, especially where there had been none.51. The main purpose of this passage is to ________.A. analyze the problem of global warmingB. argue against making deep cuts in emissionsC. convince people that global warming is a real threatD. criticize some countries for refusing to cot down emissions harmful to the ozone layer52. The reason why it is difficult to get rid of the threat of global warming is that ________.A. not all the countries are willing to make deep cuts in emissionsB. many people welcome the global-warming effect of a warmer summerC. the leaders of many countries are not fully aware of the gravity of the problemD. world technology is not able to solve the problem53. In the passage the author implies that _______.A. the world has recently become aware of the threat of global warmingB. the problem of global warming has largely been solvedC. it is always difficult to work out international agreements to cut down emission harmful to the ozone layerD. it is no longer easy to reach international agreements relating to the environment54. According to the author, it is impossible at present to cut 60%of carbon dioxide emissionsglobally because __________.A. some people are irresponsibleB. it would cause a collapse of the world economyC. it is only a goal to be reached in the futureD. some people are lacking in imagination55. What should all countries do to help solve the problem of global warming?A. They should hold another world conference on climate change.B. They should provide advanced technology.C. They should replace all the harmful substances.D. They should willingly undertake legal commitments about their energy uses.Passage FiveThe word science is heard so often in modem times that almost everybody has some notion of its meaning. On the other hand, its definition is difficult for many people. The meaning of the term is confused, but everyoneshould understand its meaning and objectives. Just to make the explanation as simple as possible, suppose science is defined as classified knowledge (facts).Even in the true sciences distinguishing fact from fiction is not always easy. For this reason great care should be taken to distinguish between beliefs and truths. There is no danger as long as a clear difference is made between temporary and proved explanations. For example, hypotheses (假设) and theories are attempts to explain natural phenomena. From these positions the scientist continues to experiment and observe until they areproved or discredited (使不相信). The exacts status of any explanation should be clearly labeled to avoid confusion.The objectives of science are primarily the discovery and the subsequent understanding of the unknown. Man cannot be satisfied with recognizing that secrets exist in nature or that questions are unanswerable; he must solve them. Toward that end specialists in the field of biology and related fields of interest are directing much of their time and energy.Actually, two basic approaches lead to the discovery of new information. One, aimed at satisfying curiosity, is referred to as pure science. The other is aimed at using knowledge for specific purpose- for instance, improving health, raising standards of living, or creating new consumer products. In this case knowledge is put to economic use. Such an approach is referred to as applied science.Sometimes practical-minded people miss the point of pure science in thinking only of its immediate application for economic rewards. Chemists responsible for many of the discoveries could hardly have anticipated that their findings would one day result in applications of such a practical nature as those directly related to life and death. The discovery of one bit of information opens the door to the discovery of another. Some discoveries seem so simple that one is amazed they were not made years ago; however, one should remember that the construction of the microscope had to precede the discovery of the cell. The host of scientists dedicating their lives to pure science are not apologetic (抱歉) about ignoring the practical side of their discoveries; they know from experience that most knowledge is eventually applied.56. To define science we may simply call it ________.A. the study of unrelated fieldsB. classified knowledgeC. the study of unrelated subjectsD. an attempt to explain natural phenomena57. Pure science, leading to the construction of a microscope, ________.A. is not always as pure as we supposeB. necessarily results from applied science and the discovery of a cellC. may lead to antiscientific, "impure" resultsD. necessarily precedes applied science, leading to the discovery of the cell58. A scientist interested in adding to our general knowledge about oxygen would probably call his approach _______.A. pure scienceB. environmental scienceC. applied scienceD. agricultural science59. Which of the following statements does the author imply?A. In science, it is not difficult to distinguish fact from fictionB. Practical-minded people can understand the meaning and objectives of pure science.C. Scientists engaged in the theoretical research should not be blamed for ignoring the practical side of their discoveries.D. Today few people have any nation of the meaning of science.60. The best title for the passage isA. Hypotheses and TheoriesB. On Distinguishing Fact from FictionC. The Nature of Science and ScientistsD. Biology and the Scientific AgePassage SixWith the possible exception of equal rights, perhaps the most controversial issue across theUnited States today is the death penalty. Many argue that it is an effective deterrent (威慑) to murder, while others maintain there is no convincing evidence that the death penalty reduces the number of murders.The principal argument advanced by those opposed to the death penalty, basically, is that it is cruel and inhuman punishment, that it is the mark of a brutal society, and finally that it is of questionable effectiveness as a deterrent to crime anyway.In our opinion, the death penalty is a necessary evil. Throughout recorded history there have always been those extreme individuals in every society who were capable of terribly violent crimes such as murder. But some are more extreme than others.For example, it is one thing to take the life of another in a fit of blind rage, but quite another to coldly plot and carry out the murder of one or more people in the style of a butcher. Thus, murder, like all other crimes, is a matter of relative degree. While it could be argued with some conviction that the criminal in the first instance should be merely isolated from society, such should not be the fate of the latter type murderer.The value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to debate. But the overwhelming majority of citizens believe that the death penalty protects them. Their belief is reinforced by evidence which shows that the death penalty deters murder. For example, from 1954 to1963, when the death penalty was consistently imposed in California, the murder rateremained between three and four murders for each 100 000 population. Since 1964 the death penalty has been imposed only once, and the murder rate has risen to 10.4 murders for each 100 000 population. The sharp climb in the state's murder rate, which began when executions stopped, is no coincidence. It is convincing evidence that the death penalty does deter many murderers. If the bill reestablishing the death penalty is vetoed, innocent people will be murdered--some whose lives may have been saved if the death penalty were in effect. This is literally a life or death matter. The lives of thousands of innocent people must be protected.61. The principal purpose of this passage is to ________.A. speak for the majorityB. initiate a vetoC. criticize the governmentD. argue for the value of the death penalty62. The passage attempts to establish a relationship between ______.A. the murder rate and the imposition of the death penaltyB. the effects of execution and the effects of isolationC. the importance of equal rights and that of the death penaltyD. executions and murders63. The author's response to those who urge the death penalty for alllikely be ______.A. negativeB. friendlyC. supportiveD. hostile64. In the passage the author is primarily concerned with ________.A. analyzing a problem objectivelyB. settling s disputeC. supporting a positionD. describing an event65. It can be inferred that the author thinks thatA. the death penalty is the most controversial issue in the United States todayB. the second type murderers (in Paragraph 4) should be sentenced to deathC. the veto of the bill reestablishing the death penalty is of little importanceD. the value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime is not to be debatedPart IV Cloze (15 minutes, 10 points)Directions: In this part, there is a passage with twenty blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter on your ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.What's your earliest childhood memory? Can you remember learning to walk? Or talk? Thefirst time you 66 thunder or watched a television program? Adults seldom 67 events muchearlier than the year or so before entering school, just as children younger than three or four68 retain any specific, personal experiences. A variety of explanations have been 69 bypsychologists for this "childhood amnesia" (儿童失忆症). Oneargues that the hippocampus, the region of the brain which is responsible for forming memories, does not mature 70 about the age of two. But the most popular theory 71 that, since adults do not think like children, they cannot72 childhood memories. Adults think in words, and their life memories are like stories or 73—one event follows 74 as in a novel or film. But when they search through their mental 75 for early childhood memories to add to this verbal life story, they don't find any that fits the 76 . It's like trying to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary.Now psychologist Annette Simms of the New York State University offers a new 77 forchildhood amnesia. She argues that there simply 78 any early childhood memories to recall.According to Dr. Simms, children need to learn to use 79 spoken description of their personalexperiences in order to turn their own short-term, quickly 80 impressions of them into long-term memories. In other 81 , children have to talk about their experiences and hear others talk about 82 --Mother talking about the afternoon 83 looking for seashells at the beach or Dad asking them about their day at Ocean Park. Without this 84 reinforcement, says Dr. Simms, children cannot form 85 memories of their personalexperiences.66. A. listened B. felt C. touched D. heard67. A. involve B. interpret C. recall D. resolve68. A. largely B. rarely C. merely D. really69. A. canceled B. figured C. proposed D. witnessed70. A. until B. once C. after D. since71. A. magnifies B. intervenes C. contains D. maintains72. A. reflect B. attain C. access D. refer。

高考英语全国及各地书面表达分类试题

高考英语全国及各地书面表达分类试题说明文高考试题1、假设你是李华，申请到一家外资企业工作。

对方要求你用英语写一篇短文，介绍自己的基本情况。

短文应包括下表所列全部内容。

姓名: 李华出生年月:1977年2月出生地: 辽宁大连学历1984-1990 光明小学1990-1996 大连市第六中学所学主要课程语文、数学、英语、物理、化学、电脑特长英语、电脑（去年在全校电脑竞赛中获第一名）业余爱好游泳、滑冰、集邮、流行音乐注意：1. 情况介绍必须采用短文形式；2. 词数100个左右。

2、1999年普通高等学校招生全国英语统一考试书面表达试题假设你是李华，在一所中学读书。

最近收到美国朋友Smith先生的来信。

他三年前参观过你校，听说现在变化很大，希望了解有关情况。

参照下图，给他写一封信，介绍你校的变化。

注意：1.回信须包括图画的主要内容，可以适当增减细节，使内容连贯；2.词数100左右。

3、2001年普通高等学校招生全国英语统一考试书面表达试题假如你是李华。

你的澳大利亚朋友Dick听说中国的中小学正在减轻学生的学习负担，来信询问有关情况。

请你根据下表提供的信息，写一封回信，谈一谈减负给你的学习和生活带来的变化。

周末活动（减负前）周末活动（减负后）白天：上课、做作业白天：参观博物馆、学习电脑、绘画等晚上：做作业晚上：看新闻、读书、看报就寝时间：11:30 就寝时间：11:304、2003年普通高等学校招生全国英语统一考试书面表达试题假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Bob 将于九月到你所在城市的建新华文学校学中文，来信请你在学校附近为他找一套住房。

请根据图画提供的信息，写信介绍住房的情况，并告知住房面积为25平方米，月租500元。

注意： 1．词数：100左右。

2．参考词汇：房租— rent (n .)。

内容要点：1．开头 2．公寓（一室带浴室、厨房） 3．面积、家具（25平米、床、沙发、书桌、椅子）4．公寓位置（芳草街，离学校一站远） 5．月租500元 6．结尾说明：1．内容要点可用不同方式表达。

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本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分第I卷1至5页，第II卷6至11页。

满分150分。

考试时间120分钟第I卷（三大题，共95分〕I.单项填空（共25小题，每小题1分：满分25分）A)从A、B、C、D中找出其划线部分与所给单词划线部分读音相同的选项。

例：have A.gave B.save C.hat D.made答案是C.1．spare A.fear B.earn C.pear D.beard2．navy A.neighhor B.nationality C.relative D.valley3．unit A.fierce B.nephew C.juice D.sure4．gentle anise B.bargain C.regular D.charge5．journey A.merchant B.courtyard C.energy D.seriousB) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。

例：We ＿＿＿＿＿last night. but we went to the concert insteadA.must have studiedB.might studyB.should have studied D.would study答案是C。

6. －－l had a really good weekend at my uncle's.－－＿＿＿＿＿．A. Oh. that's very nice of youB. CongratulationsC. It's a pleasureD. Oh. I'm glad to hear that7. －－I,m going to the post office.－－＿＿＿＿＿you're there. can you get me some stamps?A. AsB. WhileC. BecauseD. If8. Paper money was in ＿＿＿＿＿use in China when Marco Polo visited tbe country in＿＿＿＿＿thirteenth century.A.the；不填B.the；theC.不填；theD.不填；不填9. －－Are the new rules working？－－Yes，＿＿＿＿＿books are stolen.A.FewB. MoreC.SomeD.None10. －－Alice. you feed ihe bird today,＿＿＿＿＿?－－But I fed it yesterday.A. do youB. will youC. didn't youD. don't you11. ＿＿＿＿＿you've got a chance. you might as well make full use of it.A. Now thatB. AfterC. AlthoughD. AS soon as12. ＿＿＿＿＿him and then try to copy whay he does．A. MindB. Glance atC. Stare atD.Watch13．－－Idrove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.－－Is that ＿＿＿＿＿you had a few days off?A. whyB. whenC. whatD. where14．Robert is said abrcad. but I don't know what country he studied in.A. to have studiedB. to studyC．to be studying D．to have been studying15．－－Will you stay for lunch?－－Sorry,＿＿＿＿＿,My brother is coming to see me.A. I mustn'tB.I can'tC. I needn'tD.I won't16．The price＿＿＿＿＿,but I doubt whether it will remain so.A. went downB.will go downC. has gone downD.was going down17. Few pleasures can equal＿＿＿＿＿of a cool drink on ahot day.A. someB.anyC. thatD.those18. You should make it a rule to leave things＿＿＿＿＿you can find them againA. whenB.whereC.thenD.there19．Carol said the work would be done by October.＿＿＿＿＿personally I doubt very much.A. itB.thatC.whenD.which20．－－Do you think the Stars will beat the Bulls?－－Yes. They have better players,so I＿＿＿＿＿them to win.A. hopeB.preferC.expectD.want21. The purposｅof new tchnologies is to make life easier,＿＿＿＿＿it more difficult.A. not makeB.not to makeC.not makingD.do not make22. We'll have tofinish the job.＿＿＿＿＿.A. long it takes howewerB. it takes howewer longC. long however it takesD. however long it takes23.Your performance in the driving test didn't reach required standard ＿＿＿＿＿. youfailed.A.in the endB.after allC.in other wordsD.at the same time24．－－Hey,look where you are going?－－Oh,I'm terribly sorry.＿＿＿＿＿．A. I'm not noticingB.I wasn't noticingC. I haven't noticingD.I don't noticing25. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door＿＿＿＿＿"Sorry to miss you；will call later."A.readB.readsC. to readD. readingⅡ.完形填空（共25小题，每小题1分：满分25分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从26—50各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。

People of Burhngton are being disturbed by the sound of bells. Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the 26 have made uptheir minds to 27 the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest (抗议）against heavy trucks which run 28 through the narrow High Street."They not only make it 29 to sleep at night. but they are 30 damage to our housesand shops of historical 31 said John Norris.one of the protesters." 32 we must have these noisy trucks on the roads," said Jean Lacey. a biology stu-dent. "why don't they build a new road that goes 33 the town, Burlington isn't muchmore than a 34 village. Its streets were never 35 for heavy traffic."Harry Fields also studying 36 said they wanted to make as much 37 as possibleto force the 38 to realise what every body was having to 39 "Most of them don't40 here anyway."he said."they come in for meetings and that.and the Town Hall is soundproof(隔音）. 41 they probably don't 42 tbe noise all that much, It's high time they realised 43 .The fourth student.Liza Vernum.said she thought the public were 44 on their side.and even if they weren't they soon would be.45 asked if they were 46 that the police might come to 47 them."Not really."she said."actually we are 48 bell-ringers.I mean we are assistantbell-ringers for the church.There is no 49 against practising."I 50the church with the sound of the bells ringing in my ears.26. A.college B.village C.town D.church27. A.change B.repair C.ring D.shake28. A.now and then B. day and nightC. up and downD. over and over29. A.terrible B. diffcult C uncomfortable D.unokeasabt30. A.doing B. raising C. Putting D. producing32. A.If B. Although C.wben D. Unless33. A.to B. through C.over D. round34. A.pretty B.quiet C. Iarge D. modern36. A.well B.hard C. biology cation37．A.effort B.time C.trouble D.noise38．A.townspeople B.other studentsC. government officialsD. truck drivers39．A.stand B.accept C.know D.share40. A.shop B.live e D.study43. A.event B.loss C.action D.problem44. At hardly B.unwillingly C.mostly D. usually45. A.I B.we C.She D.They47. A.seize B.fight C.search D.stop48. A.proper B.experienced C.hopeful D.serious49. A.point B.cause C.need w50．A.left B.found C.reached D.passedⅢ.阅读理解(共25小题.A节每小题2分,B节每小题1分,满分45分)A).阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案.ATom Brennan was working in a Philadelphia office building when he noticed a black bag. The bag contained a book.This chance discovery ended a 12-day search by the Library Company of Philadelphia for a historical treasure-a 120-page diary kept 190 years age by Deborah Logan,"a woman who knew everybody in her day,"James Green ,the librarian told the magazine American Libraries.Most of the diary is a record of big events in Philadelphia ,It also includes a description of British soldiers burning Washington .D. C in the war of 1812.She describes President James Madison on horseback as "perfectly shaking with fear"during the troubled days.George Wash- ington,she writes,mistook her for the wife of a French man.and praised her excellent English ．The adventure of the lost book began September 4 when Cory Luxmoore arrived from Eng- land to deliver the diary of his ancestor(祖先）to the Library Company,which he and his wifeconsidered to be the best home for the diary.Green told American Libraries he had the diary in his possession"a bout five minutes"when Luxmoore took it back because he had promised to show it to one other person.On returning to his hotel after showing the percious book to Green,Luxmoore waas shocked to realise that he had left it in the taxi.Without any delay,Green began calling every taxi company in the city,with no luck,"I've felt sick since then,"Luxmoore told reporters.According to Green.no one has yet learned how the diary came to the office building .Tom Brennan received a reward(奖励)of 1,000,Philadelphia gained another treasure for its histo- ry,and Luxmoore told reporters,"It's wonderful news.I'm on high".51.This article mainly tells about the story of ＿＿＿＿＿A.a lost diaryB.Deborah LoganC.Cory LuxmooreD.the Library Company52.From the text,we learn that the diary is now owned by＿＿＿＿＿A.Tom BrennanB.an unknown personC.a Philadelphia magazineD.the Library Company of Philadelphia53.Philadelphia is thought to be the best home for the diary because＿＿＿＿＿.A.it was written in PhiladelphiaB.it tells stories about PhiladelphiaC.people in the city are interested in old thingsD.the British and the Americans once fought in Philadelphia54.Which of the following shows the right order of what happened to the diary?a-Tom Brennan found the book in an office building.b-The book was shown to James Green.c-Cory Luxmoore arrived from England.d-The book was left behind in a taxi.A.a.b.c.dB.c.b.d.aC.a.c.d.bD.c.a.b.d55.What did Cory Luxmoore mean when he said "I'm on high"?A.I'm richB.I'm famousC.I'm excitedD.I'm lucky.BComputer people talk a lot about the need for other people to become"computer-literate." But not all experts (专家) agree that this is a good idea.One ploneer,in particular,who disagrees is David Tebbutt,the founder of Computertown UK. Although many people see this as a successful attempt to bring people closer to the computer.David does not see it that way.He says that Computertown UK was formed for just the opposite reason,to bring computers to people and make them"people-literate."David Tebbutt thinks Computertowns are most successful when tied to a computer club but he insists there is an important difference between the two,The clubs are for people who have some computer knowledge already.This frightens away non-experts,who are happier going to Computertowns where there are computers for them to experiment on.with experts to encourage them and answer any questions they have,They are not told what to do.they find out.The computer experts have to learn not to tell people about computers.but have to be able to answer all questionspeople ask.People don't have to learn computer terms(术语), but the experts have to expla in plain language. The computers are becoming "peoPle-literate."56. Which of the following is David Tebbutt's ides on the relationship between people and computers?puter learning should be made easier.B.There should be more computer clubs for experts.C.People should work harder to master computer use.puters should be made cheaper so that people can afford them.57.We can infer from the text that "computer-lilerate" means＿＿＿＿＿A. being able to afford a computerB.being able to write computer programsC. working with the computer and finding out its valueD. understanding the computer and knowing how to use it58. The underlined word "it" in the second paragraph refers to the idea that Computertowns＿＿＿＿＿．A.help to set up more computer clubsB.bring people to learn to use computersC. bring more experts to work togetherD. help to sell computers to the public59. David Tebbutt started Computertown UK with the purpose of＿＿＿＿＿A. making better use of computer expertsB. improving computer programsC.increasing computer saiesD. popularising computersCWant to save money when travelling by train? Here are some ways.Day ReturnsThis ticket can save you up to 45% on the standard fare (车费). You have to travel after the rush hour period Mon.-Fri. but can travel at any time on Sat.or Sun.Big city SavesThese are special low-priced tickets on certain trains. Yon have to book in advance-at the latest by 16:00 the day before you travel. It's first come . first served.Weekend ReturnsWeekend Returns are available (有售) for most journeys over 60 miles. Go on Fri . Sat. or Sun,and return the same weekend on Sat. or Sun,and save up to 35% the standard fare.Monthly ReturnsThere are available for most journeys over 65 miles. Go any day and return within a month.Monthly returns save you up to 25% on the standard fare.Family ReturnsFor ￡20 this railcard allows you to take a second adult (成人) and up to 4 children for only ￡3 each when you buy single or return tickets. You can travel as often as you like until the card 60. Which is the best ticket to buy if you live in London and want to go to asmall town 80miles away for four days?A. Big City SaversB.Monthly ReturnsC.Weekend ReturnsD.Family Returns61. A man bought himself a ticket of ￡15 and three tickets for his family with a familyrailcard.How much did he pay?A.￡44B. ￡29C. ￡24D.￡15DMaybe ten-year-old Elizabeth put it best when she said to her fathet. "But. Dad. you can't be healthy if you're dead."Ded.in a hurry to get home before dark so he could go for a run. had forgotten to wear his safety belt-a mistake 75% of the US popuation make every day The big question is why.There have been many myths about safety belts ever since heir first appearance in cars some forty years ago. The following are three of the most common.Myth Number One:It's best to be "thrown clear"of a serious accident.Truth:Sorry, but any accident serious enongh to "throw you clear"is alsogoing to be serious enough to give you a very bad landing. And chances are you'll have traveled througb a windshield(挡风玻璃)or door to do it. Studies show that cbances of dying after a car accident are twenty-five times greater in cases where people are "thrown clear."Myth Number Two: Safety belts "trap" people in cars that are burning or sinking in water.Truth: Sorry again. but stndies show that people knocked unconscious(昏迷) due to not wearing safety belts have a greater chance of dying in these accidents People wearing safety belts are usually protected to the point of having a clear head to free themselves from such dangerous sinuaions. not to be trapped in them.Myth Nomber Three Safcty belts aren't needed at speeds of less than 30 miles per hourTruth: when two cars traveling at 30 mpb hit each other. an unbelted driver would meetthe windshield with a force equal to diving headfirst into the ground from a height of 10 meters. 62．why did Elizabeth say to her father. "But. Dad. you cann't be healthy if you're dead"?A. He was driving at great speed.B. He was running across the street.C. He didn't have his safety belt on.D. He didn't take his medicine on time.63.The reason Father was in a hurry to get home was That he＿＿＿＿＿．A. wasn't feeling, very wellB. hated to drive in the darkC. wanted to take some exerciseD. didn't want to be caught by the police64. According to the text. to be "thrown clear" of a serious accident is very dangerousbecause you ＿＿＿＿＿．A.may be knocked down by other carsB may get seriously hurt being thrown out of the carC.may find it impossible to get away from the seatD.may get caught in the car door。