处理器调度算法c语言一、概述处理器调度算法是操作系统中一个非常重要的问题。
在多任务操作系统中，有多个进程同时运行，而处理器只有一个，因此需要对进程进行调度，使得每个进程都能够得到适当的执行时间。
二、常见的处理器调度算法1. 先来先服务（FCFS）FCFS算法是最简单的调度算法之一。
它按照进程到达时间的先后顺序进行调度，即先到达的进程先执行。
这种算法容易实现，但可能会导致长作业等待时间过长。
2. 最短作业优先（SJF）SJF算法是根据每个进程所需的CPU时间来进行排序，并按照顺序进行调度。
这种算法可以减少平均等待时间和平均周转时间，并且可以最大限度地利用CPU资源。
3. 优先级调度优先级调度是根据每个进程的优先级来进行排序，并按照顺序进行调度。
这种算法可以确保高优先级进程得到更多的CPU时间，但可能会出现低优先级进程饥饿问题。
4. 时间片轮转（RR）RR算法将CPU分配给每个任务一定量的时间片，在该时间片内运行任务。
如果任务在该时间片内未完成，则将其放回队列尾部，并分配给下一个任务时间片。
这种算法可以确保公平性，并且可以避免长作业等待时间过长。
三、C语言中的处理器调度算法实现1. FCFS算法实现#include <stdio.h>int main(){int n, i, j;float avg_waiting_time = 0, avg_turnaround_time = 0;printf("Enter the number of processes: ");scanf("%d", &n);int burst_time[n], waiting_time[n], turnaround_time[n];printf("Enter the burst time for each process:\n");for(i=0; i<n; i++)scanf("%d", &burst_time[i]);waiting_time[0] = 0;turnaround_time[0] = burst_time[0];for(i=1; i<n; i++){waiting_time[i] = waiting_time[i-1] + burst_time[i-1];turnaround_time[i] = waiting_time[i] + burst_time[i];avg_waiting_time += waiting_time[i];avg_turnaround_time += turnaround_time[i];}avg_waiting_time /= n;avg_turnaround_time /= n;printf("\nProcess\tBurst Time\tWaiting Time\tTurnaround Time\n");for(i=0; i<n; i++)printf("P%d\t%d\t\t%d\t\t%d\n", i+1, burst_time[i], waiting_time[i], turnaround_time[i]);printf("\nAverage Waiting Time: %.2f\n", avg_waiting_ time);printf("Average Turnaround Time: %.2f\n", avg_turnaround_ time);return 0;}2. SJF算法实现#include <stdio.h>int main(){int n, i, j, temp;float avg_waiting_time = 0, avg_turnaround_time = 0; printf("Enter the number of processes: ");scanf("%d", &n);int burst_time[n], waiting_time[n], turnaround_time[n]; printf("Enter the burst time for each process:\n");for(i=0; i<n; i++)scanf("%d", &burst_time[i]);for(i=0; i<n-1; i++)for(j=i+1; j<n; j++)if(burst_time[i] > burst_time[j]){temp = burst_time[i];burst_time[i] = burst_time[j]; burst_time[j] = temp;}waiting_time[0] = 0;turnaround_time[0] = burst_time[0];for(i=1; i<n; i++){waiting_time[i] = waiting_time[i-1] + burst_time[i-1];turnaround_time[i] = waiting_time[i] + burst_time[i];avg_waiting_time += waiting_time[i];avg_turnaround_time += turnaround_time[i];}avg_waiting_time /= n;avg_turnaround_time /= n;printf("\nProcess\tBurst Time\tWaiting Time\tTurnaround Time\n");for(i=0; i<n; i++)printf("P%d\t%d\t\t%d\t\t%d\n", i+1, burst_time[i], waiting_time[i], turnaround_time[i]);printf("\nAverage Waiting Time: %.2f\n", avg_waiting_ time);printf("Average Turnaround Time: %.2f\n", avg_turnaround_ time);return 0;}3. 优先级调度算法实现#include <stdio.h>int main(){int n, i, j, temp;float avg_waiting_time = 0, avg_turnaround_time = 0;printf("Enter the number of processes: ");scanf("%d", &n);int burst_time[n], waiting_time[n], turnaround_time[n], priority[n];printf("Enter the burst time and priority for each process:\n"); for(i=0; i<n; i++)scanf("%d %d", &burst_time[i], &priority[i]);for(i=0; i<n-1; i++)for(j=i+1; j<n; j++)if(priority[i] > priority[j]){temp = priority[i];priority[i] = priority[j];priority[j] = temp;temp = burst_time[i];burst_time[i] = burst_time[j]; burst_time[j] = temp;}waiting_time[0] = 0;turnaround_time[0] = burst_time[0];for(i=1; i<n; i++){waiting_time[i] = waiting_time[i-1] + burst_time[i-1];turnaround_time[i] = waiting_time[i] + burst_time[i];avg_waiting_ time += waiting_ time[i];avg_turnaround_ time += turnaround_ time[i];}avg_waiting_ time /= n;avg_turnaround_ time /= n;printf("\nProcess\tBurst Time\tPriority\tWaiting Time\tTurnaround Time\n");for(i=0; i<n; i++)printf("P%d\t%d\t\t%d\t\t%d\t\t%d\n", i+1, burst_ time[i], priority[i], waiting_time[i], turnaround_time[i]);printf("\nAverage Waiting Time: %.2f\n", avg_waiting_ time);printf("Average Turnaround Time: %.2f\n", avg_turnaround _ time);return 0;}4. RR算法实现#include <stdio.h>int main(){int n, i, j, time_quantum;float avg_waiting_time = 0, avg_turnaround_time = 0;printf("Enter the number of processes: ");scanf("%d", &n);int burst_time[n], remaining_time[n], waiting_time[n], turnaround_time[n];printf("Enter the burst time for each process:\n");for(i=0; i<n; i++)scanf("%d", &burst_time[i]);printf("Enter the time quantum: ");scanf("%d", &time_quantum);for(i=0; i<n; i++)remaining_time[i] = burst_time[i];int t=0;while(1){int done = 1;for(i=0; i<n; i++){if(remaining_time[i] > 0){done = 0;if(remaining_ time[i] > time_ quantum){t += time_ quantum;remaining_ time[i] -= time_ quantum;}else{t += remaining _ time[i];waiting_time[i] = t - burst_time[i];remaining_ time[i] = 0;turnaround_ time[i] = waiting_time[i] + burst_time[i];avg_waiting_ time += waiting_ time[i];avg_turnaround _ time += turnaround_ time[i];}}}if(done == 1)break;}avg_waiting_ time /= n;avg_turnaround_ time /= n;printf("\nProcess\tBurst Time\tWaiting Time\tTurnaround Time\n");for(i=0; i<n; i++)printf("P%d\t%d\t\t%d\t\t%d\n", i+1, burst_time[i], waiting_time[i], turnaround_time[i]);printf("\nAverage Waiting Time: %.2f\n", avg_waiting_ time);printf("Average Turnaround Time: %.2f\n", avg_turnaround _ time);return 0;}四、总结以上是常见的处理器调度算法的C语言实现方式。
