英国文学总结：
一：The Anglo-Saxon period（央格鲁萨克逊时期）(450----1066)
1. First Anglo-Saxon poet: Caedom.
2. Two highlights in the development of the Anglo-Saxon literature-----Northumbrian school and Wessex literature
3. “Father of English History” is Venerable Bede. “英国历史之父”
代表作：The Ecclesiastical History of the English People
4. The king Alfred：代表作：The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
He created a style of Anglo-Saxon prose which was not obscure.
他创造了Anglo-Saxon散文体。
5. Anglo-Saxon poetry: Beowulf《贝奥武夫》( national and religion epic)
A mixture of paganism(异教) and Christian elements.
二：The Norman Period (1066---1350) =The Medieval Period
1. Romance was a type of literature that was very popular in the Middle Ages.
(1): the matter of France: the exploits of Charlemagne the great and Roland, Chanson de Roland
(2): the matter of Rome: Alexander the great and the Great and the siege of troy.
(3): the matter of British: the Arthurian legend: Sir Gawain, Launcelot, Merlin, the death of King Arthur. 三：The Age of Chaucer(乔叟时代) (1350----1440)
1.John Wycliff：Father of English prose“英国散文之父”, translate the Bible into standard English.
2.William Langland: Piers Plowman《农夫彼尔斯》Form: Allegory寓言
3.Geoffrey Chaucer:The Father of English Poetry“英国诗歌之父”，首创“heroic couplets”英雄双韵体，首次用伦敦方言写作，被葬在：Westminster Abbey
Works divided three periods:
A: 1360—1372: French literature: The book of the Duchess
B: 1372---1836: Italian literature: Troilus and Criseyde adapted from Boccaccio The Decameron
C: the last fifteen year of his life: The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》
四:The Fifteen Century (1400----1550)
1.Ballds(歌谣) became an important feature in the 15th. The most popular is the Robin Hood Ballads.五：The English Renaissance (1550—1642)
1.Edmund Spenser斯宾塞：The poet’s poet 诗人的诗人
代表作：The Shepherds Calendar《牧羊人日记》
The Faerie Queene《仙后》
Amoretti《爱情小唱》
2. Christopher Marlow马洛创造了无韵体/素体诗“blank verse”,
代表作：Tumburlaine《帖木儿大帝》
The Tragic History of Doctor Faustus《浮士德斯博士的悲剧》
3. William Shakespeare莎士比亚
代表作：two narrative poems: Venus and Adonis The rape of Lucrece
四部悲剧：Othello Macbeth Hamlet King Lear
四部喜剧：As you like it《皆大欢喜》Mid-summer Night’s Dream 《仲夏夜之梦》Twelfth Night 《第十二夜》The Merchant of Venice《威尼斯商人》
六：The Seventeenth Century (1603---1688)
1.Francis Bacon培根：father of science 科学之父
First English essayist 第一位随笔作家
The founder of English materialist philosophy唯物主义哲学开拓者
代表作：Essay《随笔》----of studies《论学习》
