2020年安徽大学812英语综合知识考研精品资料

考金融的研，数学三，英语一，政治思想101，这些都是全国统考项目。

中财有三个院招收金融学研究生，金融学院考801经济学综合，中国金融发展研究院和中国经济研究院考812经济学综合。

801，812包括哪些内容，你在百度可以查到。

来福州大学吧。

这个很简单，只要你过了国家线就能复试了，但是尽量多考几分。

这里的英语面试像是走过场的难度不会太大。

金融考研科目有：数学三英语政治专业课（看学校再细分）金融联考大纲追问请问你知道福州大学对跨专业的有没有什么歧视啊？每年报那会计研究生的人多吗？谢谢~~回答歧视不会啊，本身福大也就是普通的211而已，不是自主划线的34所高校，所以相比来说考过来还是比较容易的，不过毕竟是跨专业，你要跟那些本专业的竞争要先在专业课上赢过别人一些吧。

就是要好好复习。

中国大学经济学前100名排名等级校名1 A++ 中国人民大学2 A++ 北京大学3 A++ 复旦大学报财政学比较好，就业前景也很乐观现在主要是看书、背单词为主，专业课有指定参考书的，尽量把内容都熟悉起来，明年再买一些翔高的辅导书籍看看；英语多记单词和做阅读理解，这个是需要平时积累的4 A++ 厦门大学5 A+ 南开大学南开大学金融学2010年招生目录专业代码：020204研究方向01国际金融学02货币银行学03投资学与资本市场初试科目①101思想政治理论②201英语一③303数学三④884经济学基础（微、宏观）备注本专业在金融系招生。

金融学系统考硕士生两个专业共招收40人；其他系所、专业招收人数在复试时确定并公布。

6 A+ 上海财经大学上海财经大学的会计比较好，分数线是380，录取名额今年是30人，保送13人，也就是外边录取17人7 A+ 浙江大学8 A 南京大学9 A 武汉大学10 A 中南财经政法大学11 A 东北财经大学12 A 西安交通大学13 A 吉林大学14 A 清华大学15 A 西南财经大学16 A 中央财经大学17 A 华中科技大学18 B+ 西北大学19 B+ 暨南大学20 B+ 中山大学21 B+ 北京师范大学22 B+ 山东大学23 B+ 华东师范大学24 B+ 四川大学25 B+ 对外经济贸易大学26 B+ 湖南大学27 B+ 江西财经大学28 B+ 辽宁大学苏州大学国际贸易学2010年招生目录专业代码：020206研究方向01国际贸易02国际商务03 WTO研究初试科目①101思想政治理论②201英语一或203日语③303数学三④807微观与宏观经济学复试科目1、国际贸易理论（笔试）2、综合（面试）参考书目①初试参考书目：宏观与微观经济学《微观经济学》徐春秀，顾建平，中国财政经济出版社《宏观经济学》顾建平、陈瑛，中国财政经济出版社，2007年版②复试,同等学力加试科目参考书目：国际贸易理论《国际经济学》华民，复旦大学出版社，2005年9月。

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科目名称翻译实践与写作科目代码809一、考试范围及要点本考试科目主要测试考生的英汉互译与英语写作能力，要求考生必须具备扎实的英汉语言基本功与运用表达能力。

具体内容包括如下几个方面：1.英译汉：将一段大约300字的英语短文译成汉语，要求正确、准确地理解原文，汉语通顺、自然、流畅。

2.汉译英：将一篇300－400字的汉语短文译成英语，译文要求自然、通畅，符合英语表达习惯。

3.写作：根据所给的作文题目及要求撰写各类体裁的文章，文章长度约400个单词；做到思路清晰、内容充实、篇章结构合理、表达得体、语言通顺、格式正确。

二、考试形式及试卷结构1）答卷方式：闭卷；笔试。

2）答题时间：3小时3）题型及分值所占比例：翻译实践一、英译汉（50分）二、汉译英（50分）写作（50分）4）其他说明参考书目：《英译汉教程》连淑能编著高等教育出版社2006年9月；《大学汉英翻译教程》王治魁主编山东大学出版社2004年6月；《散文佳作108篇》乔萍等编著凤凰出版传媒集团、译林出版社2002年7月；《研究生英语系列教程•实用写作教程》秦寿生、杨同福主编高等教育出版社, 2001.不指定参考书目608基础英语一、考试范围及要点《基础英语》考试是一种测试应试者单项和综合语言能力的尺度参照性水平考试。

考试的范围包括《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》所规定的语言技能。

考试涉及单词、短语、句子、篇章等语言多个层面。

二、考试形式及试卷结构1）答卷方式：闭卷；笔试。

2）答题时间：3小时3）题型及分值所占比例：一、选择填空（30分）测试要求：掌握并能运用《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》规定的词汇和语法内容。

测试形式：本部分采用多项选择题。

共30道题，每题有4个选项。

题目中约50% 为词汇题，其余为语法题。

测试目的：测试考生掌握词汇及基本语法概念的熟练程度。

二、构词填空（20分）测试要求：能在理解所给句子内容的基础上，在每个空格处根据所给词根填写合适的单词，使句子意思完整正确。

上册unit 2Many countries have adopted systems of conventional education in order to enhance the average level of education .许多国家采用传统教育系统以提高教育的平均水平Intoxicated by a sense of its own power, mankind has proceeded further and further with experiments that could destroy itself and the world.被自我力量的沉醉,人类一步步发展,一步步实验,可能会破坏自己和世界As nations are able to produce tens of millions of casualties in a matter of hours, peace has become a moral imperative必要的事.由于国家能够在几小时内产生数以百万计的伤亡人数,和平已成为一种道德义务。

The grim-looking woman with graying hair, suddenly bursting out in a frenzy, frightened us all away.一个白发冷酷的女人,突然疯狂的大声喊叫,吓坏了我们所有人。

This is the worst-case scenario: in a few years, output in South-east Asia could be 30 to 40 percent below what it was in 1997, with who knows what consequences.这是最坏的情况:几年后,东南亚地区的产量可能会低于1977年的30~40%,有谁知道后果。

考研的路上要有必胜的信念，不去想如果失败了该怎么办，不给自己留退路，做到心无旁骛。

在刚开始准备考研的时候，我也觉得考研真的很难，因为已经很久没有那么大强度的学习了，非常不适应，会特别羡慕已经考上的学长学姐，觉得他们好强大，不知道他们是怎么过的这一关。

但一路走过来发现，其实你只要切实做了，一旦迈出了第一步，一切就自会迎刃而解的。

我想选一个相对较稳妥的学校，所以选择了安徽大学，安徽大学的外国语言学及应用语言一共有两个方向，一个方向9个人，学校是211，专业排名在七十几名左右，专业评估是C+，这个专业一般的学校招收的人数都不多，这个学校不算少了。

考研和高考不一样，高考是拿着自己的分数评估学校，考研是既要评估自己又要评估学校，看看自己的能力和毅力是否能和这个学校的分数对等，还要合理分析考情，考虑大年小年的情况。

我当时报名的时候是报的第二个方向翻译理论与实践，因为感觉能更好找工作一点，但需要注意的是，可能大家都这么想，然后这个方向很满，如果这个学校可以不同方向调剂还好，如果不行，可能就会被挤下来，所以如果没有十足的信心，可以选择看着不太热门的方向，考上的几率更大一些。

二外我选的是日语，我比较喜欢日语，平时看的剧和动漫也多，学起来觉得没有那么烦躁。

单词更重要，单词是很难背，但你要知道大家都这样，熬过去就好了。

其实身为中国人学日语是有优势的——因为日语里汉字多啊！担心50音图记不住的同学可以使用形象记忆法！比如ォ（o），长得很像中文的“才”，所以可以记这样一句话：你好有才哦（ォ），相信我们作为大学生肯定有这样的学习能力。

一开始是总结了N2常见汉字的不同读音，后面词的分类也很细致，比如名词和形容词还分成了音读和训读，背起来很方便。

我个人感觉还不错。

然后说基础英语，这些科目都没有参考书目，单词书我用的是<<一本单词>>，都是自己看哪一本用的多就拿来用。

翻译和阅读需要多积累单词，我会经常读一些蛋核英语推荐的报刊，另外就是根据专八的题来复习，做它的阅读，把阅读一句一句翻译出来，把单词都背下来，感觉还不错；作文我觉得背成篇的文章用处不大，不如只简单背一些开头结尾和特殊的迁移性强的句子，剩下就是积累特殊句式，在平时练习的时候多多套用，争取在考场上能用的得心应手。

综合英语一、考试目标与要求《综合英语》课程考试旨在考核学生对本课程知识的掌握和运用能力，包括英语语言在词法、句法、语法等方面的基础知识，具备良好的听、说、读、写、译技能，一定的商务知识和跨文化交际能力，能够比较熟练地运用所学知识和技能在日常语境和涉外交际语境中发现问题、分析问题以及解决问题。

参照教材《英语综合教程》1-4册（陈永捷等主编，高等教育出版社，2016，第2版），确定该科目专升本招生考试的考核目标与要求。

二、考试范围与要求第一项词汇（Vocabulary）本部分测试考生对英语专业四级考试所要求的4000-5000左右词汇的运用。

考核知识点：了解英语单词的基本构词规则；熟悉近义词及形似词的含义和用法；掌握其中3000-3500左右常用词及其惯用搭配，并能准确把握不同语境下同一单词的不同词义。

第二项语法（Grammar）本部分测试考生的基本语法知识，包括名词、代词、数词、介词和介词短语、连词、形容词(比较级和最高级)、副词(比较级和最高级)、冠词、动词、时态、被动语态、非谓语动词、构词法、句子种类、句子成分、简单句的基本句型、主谓一致、并列复合句、主从复合句、间接引语、省略、倒装、强调、虚拟语气等。

考核知识点：了解中文和英文两种语言在句法和语法方面的基本差异；熟识并掌握英语语言的句法特点和语法规则；掌握英语语法的实际运用。

第二项完形填空（Cloze）本部分测试考生在所要求的词汇储备和语法知识的范围内能够综合运用语言技能（如选词妥贴、构句严谨、语法规范）和思维能力（如判断、推理、归纳、演绎）。

在一篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文内留有20个空格，每一个空格为一题，每题有四个选择项。

考生应通读全文，在理解文章大意的基础上选择最佳答案，使文章的意思和结构完整。

考核知识点：了解连贯性和一致性等段落特征；熟悉句子的内部结构，并着重把握句子与句子之间的逻辑关系；掌握动词辨析、名词辨析、形容词辨析等，常用单词的熟词僻义及词性用法。

2020年研究生入学统一考试试题（英语二）Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Being a good parent is, of course, what every parent would like to be. But defining what it means to be a good parent is undoubtedly very __1__, particularly since children respond differently to the same style of parenting. A calm, rule-following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than, __2__, a younger sibling.__3__, there’s another sort of parent that’s a bit easier to __4__: a patient parent. Children of every age benefit from patient parenting. Still, __5__ every parent would like to be patient, this is no easy __6__. Sometimes parents get exhausted and frustrated and are unable to maintain a __7__ and composed style with their kids. I understand this.You’re only human, and sometimes your kids can __8__ you just a little too far. And then the __9__ happens: You lose your patience and either scream at your kids or say something that was a bit too __10__ and does nobody any good. You wish that you could __11__ the clock and start over. We’ve all been there.__12__, even though it’s common, it’s important to keep in mind that in a single moment of fatigue, you can say something to your child that you may __13__ for a long time. This may not only do damage to your relationship with your child but also __14__ your child’s self-esteem.If you consistently lose your __15__ with your kids, then you are inadvertently modeling a lack of emotional control for your kids. We are all becoming increasingly aware of the __16__ of modeling tolerance and patience for the younger generation. This is a skill that will help them all throughout life. In fact, the ability to emotionally regulate or maintain emotional control when __17__ by stress is one of the most important of all life’s skills.Certainly, it’s incredibly __18__ to maintain patience at all times with your children.A more practical goal is to try, to the best of your ability, to be as tolerant and composedas you can when faced with __19__ situations involving your children. I can promise you this: As a result of working toward this goal, you and your children will benefit and __20__ from stressful moments feeling better physically and emotionally.1. A tedious B pleasant C instructive D tricky2. A in addition B for example C at once D by accident3. A fortunately B occasionally C accordingly D eventually4. A amuse B assist C describe D train5. A while B because C unless D once6. A answer B task C choice D access7. A tolerant B formal C rigid D critical8. A move B drag C push D send9. A mysterious B illogical C suspicious D inevitable10. A boring B naive C harsh D vague11. A turn back B take apart C set aside D cover up12. A overall B instead C however D otherwise13. A like B miss C believe D regret14. A raise B affect C justify D reflect15. A time B bond C race D cool16. A nature B secret C importance D context17. A cheated B defeated C confused D confronted18. A terrible B hard C strange D wrong19. A trying B changing C exciting D surprising20. A hide B emerge C withdraw D escapeSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid. To find out if this extends to non-living beings, Loleh Quinn at the University of California, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals form robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat- one social and one asocial - for 5 our days. The robots rats were quite minimalist, resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.During the experiment, the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys, and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape. Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to sideNext, the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.Across 18 trials each, the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one. This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being. They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing. This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier, and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped, says Quinn.The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design. The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“We' d assumed we' d have to give it a moving head and tail, facial features, and put a scene on itto make it smell like a real rat, but that wasn’t necessary, ”says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia, who helped with the research.The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues, even when they come from basic robots. Similarly, children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings, even when they display only simple social signals. “We humans seem to be fascinated by robots, and it turns out other animals are too,”says Wiles.21. Quin and her colleagues conducted a test to see if rats can________[A] pickup social signals from non-living rats[B] distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile one[C] attain sociable traits through special training[D] send out warning messages to their fellow22. What did the asocial robot do during the experiment[A] It followed the social robot.[B]It played with some toys.[C] It set the trapped rats free.[D]It moved around alone.23. According to Quinn, the rats released the social robot because they________[A] tried to practice a means of escape[B] expected it to do the same in return[C] wanted to display their intelligence[D]considered that an interesting game24. James Wiles notes that rats________[A]can remember other rat's facial features[B] differentiate smells better than sizes[C] respond more to cations than to looks[D]can be scared by a plastic box on wheels25. It can be learned from the text that rats________[A]appear to be adaptable to new surroundings[B] are more socially active than other animalsC] behave differently from children in socializing[D]are more sensitive to social cues than expectedText 2It is true that CEO pay has gone up-top ones may make 300 times the pay of typical workers on average, and since the mid-1970s CEO pay for large publicly traded American corporations has, by varying estimates, gone up by about 500% The typical CEO of a top American corporation now makes about million a year.The best model for understanding the growth of CEO pay is that of limited CEO talent in a world where business opportunities for the top firms are growing rapidly. The efforts of America's highest-earning 1% have been one of the more dynamic elements of the global economy. It's not popular to say, but one reason their pay has gone up so much is that CEOs really have upped their game relative to many other workers in the . economy.Today's CEO, at least for major American firms, must have many mere skills than simply being able to“run the company" CEOs must have a good sense of financial markets and maybe even how the company should trade in them. They also need better public relations skills than their predecessors, as the costs of even a minor slipup can be significant. Then there' s the fact that large American companies are much more globalized than ever before, with supply chains spread across a larger number of countries. To lead in that system requires knowledge that is fairly mind-boggling plus, virtually all major American companies are beyond this major CEOs still have to do all the day-to-day work they have always done.The common idea that high CEO pay is mainly about ripping people off doesn't explain history very well. By most measures, corporate governance has become a lot tighter and more rigorous since the 1970s. Yet it is principally during this period of stronger governance that CEO pay has been high and rising. That suggests it is in the broader corporate interest to recruit top candidates for increasingly tough jobs.”Furthermore, the highest CEO salaries are paid to outside candidates, not to the cozy insiderpicks, another sign that high CEO pay is not some kind of depredation at the expense of the rest of the company. And the stock market reacts positively when companies tie CEO pay to, say, stock prices, a sign that those practices build up corporate value not just for the CEO.26. Which of the following has contributed to CEO pay rise[A] The growth in the number of corporations[B] The general pay rise with a better economy[C] Increased business opportunities for top firms[D] Close cooperation among leading economies27. Compared with their predecessors, today's CEOs are required to______[A] foster a stronger sense of teamwork[B] finance more research and development[C] establish closer ties with tech companies[D] operate more globalized companies28. CEO pay has been rising since the 1970s despite______[A] continual internal opposition[B] strict corporate governance[C] conservative business strategies[D] Repeated government warnings29. High CEO pay can be justified by the fact that it helps______[A] confirm the status of CEOs[B] motivate inside candidates[C] boost the efficiency of CEOs[D] increase corporate value30. The most suitable title for this text would be______[A] CEOs Are Not Overpaid[B] CEO Pay: Past and Present[C] CEOs' challenges of Today[D] CEO Traits: Not Easy to DefineText 3Madrid was hailed as a public health beacon last November when it rolled out ambitious restrictions on the most polluting cars. Seven months and one election day later, a new conservative city council suspended enforcement of the clean air zone, a first step toward its possible demise.Mayor Jose Luis Martinez -Almeida made opposition to the zone a centrepiece of his election campaign, despite its success in improving air quality. A judge has now overruled the city 's decision to stop levying fines, ordering them reinstated. But with legal battles ahead, the zone's future looks uncertain at best.Among other weaknesses, the measures cities must employ when left to tackle dirty air on their own are politically contentious, and therefore vulnerable. That s because they inevitably put the costs of cleaning the air on to individual drivers-who must pay fees or buy better vehicles 一rather than on to the car manufacturers whose cheating is the real cause of our toxic pollution.It's not hard to imagine a similar reversal happening in London. The new ultra-low emission zone (Ulez) is likely to be a big issue in next year's mayoral election. And if Sadiq Khan wins and extends it to the North and South Circular roads in 2021 as he intends, it is sure to spark intense opposition from the far larger number of motorists who will then be affected.It's not that measures such as London's Ulez are useless. Far from it. Local officials are using the levers that are available to them to safeguard residents' health in the face of a serious threat. The zones do deliver some improvements to air quality, and the science tells us that means real health benefits - fewer heart attacks, strokes and premature births, less cancer, dementia and asthma. Fewer untimely deaths.But mayors and councillors can only do so much about a problem that is far bigger than any one city or town. They are acting because national governments-Britain s and others across Europe - have failed to do so.Restrictions that keep highly polluting cars out of certain areas - city centers, school streets", even individual roads - are a response to the absence of a larger effort to properly enforce existing regulations and require auto companies to bring their vehicles into compliance.Wales has introduced special low speed limits to minimise pollution. We’re doing everything but insist that manufacturers clean up their cars.31. Which of the following is true about Madrid's clean air zone[A] Its effects are questionable[B]It has been opposed by a judge[C] It needs tougher enforcement[D] Its fate is yet to be decided32. Which is considered a weakness of the city-level measures to tackle dirty air[A] They are biased against car manufacturers.[B] They prove impractical for city councils.[C] They are deemed too mild for politicians.D] They put too much burden on individual motorists.33. The author believes that the extension of London's Ulez will .[A] arouse strong resistance.[B] ensure Khan's electoral success.[C] improve the city s traffic.[D] discourage car manufacturing.34. Who does the author think should have addressed the problem[A] Local residents[B]Mayors.[C] Councilors.[D] National governments.35. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that auto companies.[A] will raise low-emission car production[B]should be forced to follow regulations[C] will upgrade the design of their vehicles[D] should be put under public supervisionText4Now that members of Generation Z are graduating college this spring the most commonly-accepted definition says this generation was born after 1995, give or take a year-the attention has been rising steadily in recent weeks. Gen Zs are about to hit the streets looking for work in a labor market that's tighter than it's been in decades. And employers are planning on hiring about 17 percent more new graduates for jobs in the . this year than last, according to a survey conducted by the National Association of Colleges and Employers. Everybody wants to know how the people who will soon inhabit those empty office cubicles will differ from those who came before them.If "entitled" is the most common adjective, fairly or not, applied to millennials (those born between 1981 and 1995), the catchwords for Generation Z are practical and cautious. According to the career counselors and expert who study them, Generation Zs are clear-eyed, economic pragmatists. Despite graduating into the best economy in the past 50 years, Gen Zs know what an economic train wreck looks like. They were impressionable kids during the crash of 2008, when many of their parents lost their jobs or their life savings or both. They aren't interested in taking any chances. The booming economy seems to have done little to assuage this underlying generational sense of anxious urgency, especially for those who have college debt. College loan balances in the . now stand at a record $ trillion, according to the Federal Reserve.One survey from Accenture found that 88 percent of graduating seniors this year chose their major with a job in mind. In a 2019 survey of University of Georgia students, meanwhile, the career office found the most desirable trait in a future employer was the ability to offer secure employment (followed by professional development and training, and then inspiring purpose). Job security or stability was the second most important career goal (work-life balance was number one), followed by a sense of being dedicated to a cause or to feel good about serving the great good.36. Generation Zs graduating college this spring_____.[A] are recognized for their abilities[B] are in favor of job offers[C] are optimistic about the labor market[D] are drawing growing public attention37. Generation Zs are keenly aware_____.[A] what a tough economic situation is like[B] what their parents expect of them[C] how they differ from past generations[D] I how valuable a counselors advice is38. The word “assuage"(line 9, para 2)is closet in meaning to_____.[A]define [B]relieve [C] maintain [D] deepencan be learned from Paragraph 3 that Generation Zs_____.[A] care little about their job performance[B] give top priority to professional training[C]think it hard to achieve work-Life balance[D] have a clear idea about their future job40 Michelsen thinks that compared with millennials, Generation Zs are_____.[A]less realistic B] less adventurous [C]more diligent [D] more generousPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraphs (41 -45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A]Give compliments, just not too many.[B] Put on a good face, always.[C] Tailor your interactions.[D] Spend time with everyone.[E] Reveal, don' t hide, information.[F] Slow down and listen.[G] Put yourselves in others' shoes.Five Ways to Win Over Everyone in the OfficeIs it possible to like everyone in your office Think about how tough it is to get together 15 people, much less 50, who all get along perfectly. But unlike in friendships, you need coworkers. You work with them every day and you depend on them just as they depend on you. Here are some ways that you can get the whole office on your sideIf you have a bone to pick with someone in your workplace, you may try stay tight-lipped around them. But you won't be helping either one of you. A Harvard Business School study found that observers consistently rated those who were frank about themselves more highly, while those who hid lost trustworthiness. The lesson is not that you should make your personal life an open book, but rather, when given the option to offer up details about yourself or painstakingly conceal them, you should just be honest.Just as important as being honest about yourself is being receptive to others. We often feel the need to tell others how we feel, whether it's a concern about a project, a stray thought, or a compliment. Those are all valid, but you need to take time to hear out your coworkers, too. In fact, rushing to get your own ideas out there can cause colleagues to feel you don't value their opinions. Do your best to engage coworkers in a genuine, back- and-forth conversation, rather than prioritizing your own thoughts.It's common to have a“cubicle mate" or special confidant in a work setting. But in addition to those trusted coworkers, you should expand your horizons and find out about all the people around you. Use your lunch and coffee breaks to meet up with colleagues you don't always see. Find out about their lives and interests beyond the job. It requires minimal effort and goes a long way. This will help to grow your internal network, in addition to being a nice break in the work day.Positive feedback is important for anyone to hear. And you don't have to be someone's boss to tell them they did an exceptional job on a particular project. This will help engender good will in others. But don't overdo it or be fake about it. One study found that people responded best to comments that shifted from negative to positive, possibly because it suggested they had won somebody over.This one may be a bit more difficult to pull off, but it can go a long way to achieving results. Remember in dealing with any coworker what they appreciate from an interaction. Watch out for how they verbalize with others. Some people like small talk in a meeting before digging into important matters, while other are more straightforward. Jokes that work one person won't necessarily land with another, So, adapt your style accordingly to type. Consider the person that you re dealing with in advance and what will get you to your desired outcome.Section III Translation46. Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)It's almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure. People who do so probably live so cautiously that they go nowhere. Put simply, they’re not real living at all. But, the wonderful thing about failure is that it's entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.We can choose to see failure as “the end of the world, "or as proof of just how inadequate we are. Or, we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is. Every time we fail at something, we can choose to look for the lesson we're meant to learn. These lessons are very important; they're how we grow, and how we keep from making that same mistake again. Failures stop us only if we let them. Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learned otherwise.For instance, failure can help you discover how strong a person you are. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends, or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions:Suppose you are planning a tour of a historical site for a group of international students. Write an email to1) tell them about the site, and2) give them some tips for the tourPlease write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET .Do not use your own name,use“Li Ming”instead. (10 points)Part B48. Directions:Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)。

2020全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)考试大纲(非英语专业)I.考试性质英语(一)考试是为高等学校和科研院所招收硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国统一入学考试科目，其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生对英语语言的运用能力，评价的标准是高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平，并有利于各高等学校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔。

II.考查目标考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能：(一)语言知识1.语法知识考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识。

本大纲没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求，其目的是鼓励考生用听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习，以求考生在交际中能更准确、自如地运用语法知识。

2.词汇考生应能掌握5500左右的词汇以及相关附表中的内容(详见附录1、2)。

除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等;掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词、形容词与介词、形容词与名词等;掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。

英语语言的演化是一个世界范围内的动态发展过程，它受到科技发展和社会进步的影响。

这意味着需要对本大纲词汇表不断进行研究和定期的修订。

此外，全国硕士研究生入学英语统一考试是为非英语专业考生设置的。

考虑到交际的需要，考生还应自行掌握与本人工作或专业相关的词汇，以及涉及个人好恶、生活习惯和宗教信仰等方面的词汇。

(二)语言技能1.阅读考生应能读懂选自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文字材料(生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的3%)，还应能读懂与本人学习或工作有关的文献资料、技术说明和产品介绍等。

对所选材料，考生应能：1)理解主旨要义;2)理解文中的具体信息;3)理解文中的概念性含义;4)进行有关的判断、推理和引申;5)根据上下文推测生词的词义;6)理解文章的总体结构以及上下文之间的关系;7)理解作者的意图、观点或态度;8)区分论点和依据。

北京第二外国语学院2020年考研812综合考试（英2）考试大纲
一、适用的招生专业
外国语言学及应用语言学
二、考试的基本要求
《综合考试(英2)》一方面通过专业基础知识测试，考察考生在读、写、分析、评论等方面的英语语言运用能力以及逻辑思维能力;另一方面通过专业方向知识测
试学生在相关研究方向的知识积累。

《综合考试(英2)》考试涵盖英语语言文学专业所开设的英美文学、英美社会文化、语言学知识，同时涉及商务英语专业所涉及的商务知识、跨文化研究所涉及的跨文化知识以及英语教育方向的教学法等基本内容，报考不同方向的学生可以根据报考方向不同选择不同的考试内容。

三、试卷结构
《综合英语2》包含专业基础知识和专业方向知识两部分，分别是专业基础知识和专业方向知识，其中专业基础知识90分，专业方向知识60分，考生可以按照不同专业方向选答不同题目。

第一部分专业基础知识(90分)
1. 基础知识选择题 (30分)
2. 阅读及翻译题(30分)
3. 英语写作 (就所给话题写出一篇500字左右的作文)(30分)
第二部分专业方向知识 (60分)
1. 简答题 (20分)
2. 论述题 (40分)
四、考试的主要内容与要求
1. 要求考生能了解英美文学的基本知识以及语言学的基础知识，要求考生掌
握英语国家的基本概况以及英语国家社会文化中的重要历史事件及人物。

2020年安徽大学821美术概论考研精品资料说明：本套考研资料由本机构多位高分研究生潜心整理编写，2020年考研初试首选资料。

一、重点名校考研真题汇编及考研大纲1．重点名校：美术概论2010-2018年考研真题汇编（暂无答案）说明：本科目没有收集到历年考研真题，赠送重点名校考研真题汇编，因不同院校真题相似性极高，甚至部分考题完全相同，建议考生备考过程中认真研究其他院校的考研真题。

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②安徽大学821美术概论之王宏建《艺术概论》本科生课件。

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③安徽大学821美术概论之王宏建《艺术概论》复习提纲。

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第一单元论读书（赵亚莉译）总的来说，书本的寿命要比我们自己长。

常常是写书的人早已化为了一堆黄土而其著作却依旧立在书架上积聚尘土，但恰恰是死后占有这一席之地的欲望促使人们笔耕不坠。

所以，当我们手中摆弄和翻动这些方块形物体的时候，设想我们手里抚弄的不是具体的书本，而是盛着我们自己回归大地的骨灰的瓮，那也没什么不对。

毕竟，写一本书投入进去的，说到底是一个人只有一次的生命。

有人说过进行哲学思考就是一步步趋向死亡。

不管是谁说的，这种说法从几种意义来说都是有道理的，因为一个人绝不会因为写一本书而变年轻。

同样读一本书也不会使人更年轻。

既然如此，我们自然倾向于读好书。

然而，困难在于文学中的“好”是通过区别“坏”来鉴定的。

此外，要写出一本好书，一个作家必须阅读大量平庸读物，否则他是没法找到必要的写作标准的。

这可能就会为坏文学作品在最后审判日为自己辩护的最佳理由。

既然我们精力不济，既然读书很耗费时间，我们就必须找出一个能让我们至少表面上省时省力的方法来。

当然不可否认长时间读一本厚厚的、情节发展缓慢的平庸小说所带来的乐趣，但我们最终目的毕竟不是为读书而读书，而是为了学到点什么。

因此，我们需要一些最大限度地浓缩人生矛盾困境的作品，需要一些在浩如烟海的书籍中类似指南针一样的作品。

当然，这个指南针的职责是由文学评论及评论家们来担当的。

不幸的是，指南针的针摆动得太没谱了。

对某些人来说它指北，而对另一些人来说却是指南。

评论家的问题有三：第一，他可能是个作品低劣的平庸文人，而且就和我们自己一样无知；第二，他可能对某一类作品特别偏爱或者干脆从出版社得到好处；第三，如果他是一个有才华的作家的话，他会将他的评论写成一篇独立于原作的文学作品，在这一点上乔治·路易斯·博尔赫斯就是一个典型例子。

结果，你可能会只读他的评论而不去管他评论的那本书了。

无论何种情况，你都会发现自己漂流在海洋中，紧紧抓住一只你不知道它能漂浮多久的木筏。

2020年研究生入学统一考试试题（英语一）Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families are less likely to sit down to eat together than was once the case, millions of Britons will none the less have partaken this weekend of one of the nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast.__1__ a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can __2__it.Yet as we report now, the food police are determined that this __3__ should be rendered yet another guilty pleasure __4__ to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has __5__ a public warning about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked __6__ high temperatures.This means that people should __7__ crisping their roast potatoes, spurn thin-crust pizzas and only __8__ toast their bread.But where is the evidence to support such alarmist advice?__9__ studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no __10__ evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is "__11__ to be carcinogenic" but have no hard scientific proof.__12__ the precautionary principle, it could be argued that it is __13__ to follow the FSA advice.__14__, it was rumored that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a __15__.Doubtless a piece of boiled beef can always be __16__ up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables,without the Yorkshire pudding and no wine.But would life be worth living?__17__, the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods __18__, but to reduce their lifetime intake.However, their __19__ risks coming across as exhortation and nannying.Constant health scares just __20__ with no one listening.1. A In B Towards C On D Till2. A match B express C satisfy D influence3. A patience B enjoyment C surprise D concern4. A intensified B privileged C compelled D guaranteed5. A issued B received C ignored D canceled6. A under B at C for D by7. A forget B regret C finish D avoid8. A partially B regularly C easily D initially9. A Unless B Since C If D While10. A secondary B external C inconclusive D negative11. A insufficient B bound C likely D slow12. A On the basis of B At the cost of C In addition to D In contrast to13. A interesting B advisable C urgent D fortunate14. A As usual B In particular C By definition D After all15. A resemblance B combination C connection D pattern16. A made B served C saved D used17. A To be fair B For instance C To be brief D in general18. A reluctantly B entirely C gradually D carefully19. A promise B experience C campaign D competition20. A follow up B pick up C open up D end upSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in €220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs. Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture" washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations.（But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music andtheatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town'speculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21.Copper and her colleague argue that a "town of culture" award would ___.A. consolidate the town city ties in BritainB. promote cooperation among Brain's townsC. increase the economic strength of Brain's townsD. focus Brain's limited resources on cultural events.22.According to paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as ______..A.a sensible compromiseB.a self-deceiving attemptC.an eye-catching bonusD.an inaccessible target23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it ______A. endeavor to maintain its imageB. meets the aspiration of its peopleC. brings its local arts to prominenceD. commits to its long-term growth24. “Glasgow”is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present ______A. a contrasting caseB. a supporting exampleC. a background storyD. a related topic25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?A. SkepticalB. ObjectiveC. FavorableD. CriticalText 2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money. Scientists need joumals in which to publishtheir research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the production of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only fnd a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing industry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers produced in the world,made profits of more than £900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than £210m in 2016 toenable researchers to access their own publicly funded research; both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every paywalled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies. Insome ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms: either freely available from the moment of publication, or paywalled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their product free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around ￡500 to $5,000. A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these’’article preparation costs’’had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation. In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet: labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as“a licence to print money" partly because________[A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase .[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reduced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have________[A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing industry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub?[A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms________[A]allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] reduce the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C] Costs are well controlled.D] The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government boards are less than 40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex-based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the pereentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Wrting in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a"golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same clite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity, remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feel good but do litle to help average women.31. The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad wills________[A] help little to reduce gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the California measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court,[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to ilustrate____[A] the harm from arbitrary board decision.[B] the importance of constitutional guaranees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to____[A] the underestimation of elite women's role.[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C] the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.Text 4Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new taxon large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such servces. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a“GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google, Apple, Facebook and Amazon- in other words, multiational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks. But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies, which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead, the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax), Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union, Spain, Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax, even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep ;up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach a consensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization' s work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France‘s planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36. The French Senate has passed a bill to_____[A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies' interests .[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax _____[A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that _____[A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work_____[A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the. best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital EconomyPart BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41 -45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fixactions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinetively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated[F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way. But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate tums toward their competitor during a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility. Here 's what hard science reveals about eye contact:41. ________________We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back . This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In adulthood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catchsomeone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence,a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42.________Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer during a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond during direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43.________With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages, depending on the situation While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance OF intimidation in adversarial situations. Whether you're a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep 'in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you're trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44.________When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research. 45.________In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance, according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues. Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ-" A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.Part C TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence during the 14th century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the17th century, with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. 46.With （the gap between）the church's teachings and ways of thinking being eclipsed by the Renaissance, the gap between the medieval and modern periods had been bridged, leading to new and unexplored intellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler andGalileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. 47. Before each of their revelations, many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking, including the geocentric view that the Earth was at the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that in actual fact, all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory during a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy,and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death. Galileo was excommunicated by the Church and imprisoned for life for his astronomical observations and his support of the heliocentric principle.48. Despite attempts by the Church to strong-arm this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made,and at a rate that the people-including the Church -could no longer ignore. It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long-standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe during most of the 17th century. 49. As many took on the duty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world. The Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17th and 18th centuries were times of radical change and curiosity. Scientific method,reductionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. 50. Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase'sapere aude'or 'dare to know', after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment? It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.Section IV WritingPart ADirections:The Student Union of your university has assigned you to inform theinternational students an upco ming singing contest.Write a notice in about100words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHE ET.Do not use your name in the notice.Part B52: Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the picture below. In your essay, you should:1)Describe the picture briefly;2)Interpret the implied meaning, and3)Give your comments。

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上册Summary of Unit 2(Recession-proofing your career)in the text, the author firstly tries to tell us that guaranteed jobs have already becomehistory. These days,no matter what our official employment status,we are all temporary workers.But there is much that you can do to protect yourself from change and economic upheaval, by equipping yourself with the skills to manage your career more effectively. She then suggestssome skills.She recommends discovering both your overt and covert talents, making sure that awide range of positions are available to you, and never committing to any “hot job”which exceeds either your interest or talent. Moreover, you should cultivate and maintain an active network both inside and outside of your profession, to “market”yourself, to convince the employer that you are the most suitable candidate for the job.Finally, always follow work trends.I am bound to face the work dilemma in the future sooner or later. I quite agree with theauthor's opinion. There is no reason for us to stop learning when we are working. The author's suggestions will help me much in the foreseeable future.翻译：在文中，作者首先试图告诉我们，保证工作已经成为历史，如今，不管我们在职场从事的是什么工作，我们都只是临时工。

安徽省皖南八校2020届高三英语上学期第二次联考试题1 .本试卷由四个部分组成.满分150分，考试吋间120分伸.2 .本卷命题范围：高考范围第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题'每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分〉听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A.、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍.例How much is the shirt?A.£19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15。

答案是C.1. When will the two speakers get to the station if they leave now?A. 9：30.B. 9：45.C. 10：00.2. Where are probably the speakers?A. On an airplane.B. In a studio.C. At a cinema.3. Why didn't the woman go to see the doctor last Saturday?A. She didn't get injured.B. She didn't make an appointmentC. The injury didn't trouble her so much.4. How docs the woman like being paid?A. By the hour.B. By the week.C. By the month.5. How might the woman feel?A. Uneasy.B. Disappointed.C. Unconcerned.第二节（共15小题海小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。