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一、宾语:是表示及物动词的动作对象，放在及物动词后面。
例如：She plays the piano. He often helps me. I like watching TV.二、宾语从句：从句在句中起宾语的作用，就叫宾语从句。
三、宾语从句的时态：当主句为一般现在时，从句可用任何一种时态；She says that she will come.她说她会来。
当主句为一般过去时，从句用过去相应的时态。
She said that she wanted to have a try. 她说过她想试一试。
当从句客观真理时，从句用一般现在时。
Our teacher said the earth goes around the sun.我们的老师说过地球围绕着太阳转。
1、陈述句变宾语从句：用that引导，通常可以省略。
翻译：我认为你是对的。
_____________________________________________她说她是个学生。
_____________________________________________2、一般疑问句变宾语从句（…...吗？）当一般疑问句变成宾语从句时，我们需要用if或whether来引导。
例如：Is it true？这是真的吗？→_____________________________________________我想知道是否是真的。
Are you a student？你是一个学生吗？→_____________________________________________他问我是不是学生。
注意：一般疑问句中的疑问语序要变成_________语序。
3、特殊疑问句变宾语从句用特殊疑问句本身的疑问词引导，特殊疑问句中的疑问语序要变成陈述语序。
如：Do you know？Where can I park my car？（两个特殊疑问句）将两个句子合成宾语从句：_____________________________________________注意：特殊疑问句中的疑问语序也要变成_________语序。
宾语从句（主从复合句）一、什么是宾语？宾语:是表示及物动词的动作对象，放在及物动词后面。
Eg: I like watching TV . We study English.二、什么是宾语从句？宾语从句：在句中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。
（即用一个句子来充当宾语）eg:I know that the man is a policeman.三、宾语从句的基本类型： 1. 动词的宾语从句eg:I know that he is right.2. 介词的宾语从句eg:we are talking about whether he is right.3. 形容词的宾语从句eg: I ’m afraid/sure that he is right.四、宾语从句的三要素：1.1). that 引导的宾语从句:当宾语从句是陈述句式，引导词由that 充当，that 只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
Eg ：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.2) .if 或whether 引导的宾语从句:当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词if 和whether 引导，If 和whether 在句中的意思是“是否”，不作句子成分，但不能省略。
Eg ：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.只用whether ，不用if 的情况：1. whether 引导的从句常可以与or 或or not 直接连用。
如： Let me know whether you can come or not.2. 当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether 引导。
如： Whether it is true or not, I can’t tell.3. whether 可以引导带to 的不定式。
宾语从句用法详解在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
一、宾语从句用法宾语从句的时态：1．主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。
可归纳为“主现从不现”2．主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。
可归纳为“主过从句过”3．主句用过去时，从句是科学真理、客观常识、名人格言时用一般现在时。
4．情态动词could/would用于，“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句不受主句的约束。
宾语从句的连接词从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句，if和whether，whether...or not引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句.He told me (that ）he would go to college the next year他告诉我他明年上大学.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.没有人知道他是否会通过考试.who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问，但what,whatever除了指疑问外，也可以指陈述.Do you know who has won Red Alert game你知道是谁赢得了红色警戒的游戏么？The book will show you what the best CEOs should know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解什么.Have you determined whichever you should buy, a Motorola or Nokia cell phone你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗连接副词when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.He didn’t tell me wh en we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.Could you please tell me how you use the new panel你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.二、动词的宾语从句大多数及物动词都可以带宾语从句We all expect （that ）they will win, for members of their team are stronger.我们都预料他们会赢，因为他们的队员更强壮.He told us （that）they would help us through the whole work.他告诉我们在整个工作中，他们都会帮忙的.部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句I have found out （that）all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.Can you work out （that）how much we will spend during the trip你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有：make sure确保make up one’s mind下决心keep in mind牢记Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.当你在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候，则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .。
一、宾语:是表示及物动词的动作对象，放在及物动词后面。
例如：She plays the piano. He often helps me. I like watching TV.二、宾语从句：从句在句中起宾语的作用，就叫宾语从句。
三、宾语从句的时态：当主句为一般现在时，从句可用任何一种时态；She says that she will come.她说她会来。
当主句为一般过去时，从句用过去相应的时态。
She said that she wanted to have a try. 她说过她想试一试。
当从句客观真理时，从句用一般现在时。
Our teacher said the earth goes around the sun.我们的老师说过地球围绕着太阳转。
1、陈述句变宾语从句：用that引导，通常可以省略。
翻译：我认为你是对的。
_____________________________________________她说她是个学生。
_____________________________________________2、一般疑问句变宾语从句（…...吗？）当一般疑问句变成宾语从句时，我们需要用if或whether来引导。
例如：Is it true？这是真的吗？→_____________________________________________我想知道是否是真的。
Are you a student？你是一个学生吗？→_____________________________________________他问我是不是学生。
注意：一般疑问句中的疑问语序要变成_________语序。
3、特殊疑问句变宾语从句用特殊疑问句本身的疑问词引导，特殊疑问句中的疑问语序要变成陈述语序。
如：Do you know？Where can I park my car？（两个特殊疑问句）将两个句子合成宾语从句：_____________________________________________注意：特殊疑问句中的疑问语序也要变成_________语序。
宾语从句命题趋势(中考)•引导宾语从句的连词的选择•宾语从句的语序•宾语从句的时态Unit3-4 强化与精练2问题一: 什么是宾语?•I know you.•He told me a secret.•I am interested in the book.问题二: 什么是宾语从句?•I know you.•I know that you are 14.•I am interested in the book.•I am interested in what you said.宾语从句的判定•1)VT•I asked ________ he was doing• A. what B. which C. why D. that•2)介词•He talked about how he helped the old man yesterday in the park.宾语从句的连词选择宾语从句连词分为三种类型：从句是陈述句(口语中常省略)从句是一般疑问句从句是特殊疑问句We know (that)we should learn from each other.Please tell me if/whether you have been to America.thatif/whether w/h Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?宾语从句的连接词•老师说她今年30岁了•The teacher said that she was 30 years old.•她想知道我是否喜欢英语•She wanted to know if/whether I liked English •她想知道我什么时候开始学英语的•She wanted to know when I began to learn it•She wants to know___________________________•谁是对的•我喜欢什么•哪个科目最难•我住哪里•我为什么迟到•我怎么学习英语1. I don't know ___ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where2. I don't know ___ he still lives here after so many years. A. whether B where C. what D. when3. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening? A. what B when C why D how4. He asked me _____told me the accident. A whom B which C who D whose连词连连看1.I hear_____ they will visit our school next week.2.Do you know_____ the girl is?3.Could you tell me _____I can get to the park?4.We thought ______you had never been there before .5.Please tell me_______ you live.6.Mother asked me ___________ I had finished my homework.7.Do you know_____ she is angry?8.The teacher asked_____ your name was.9.Tom is ten.I want to know _________ you are.10.He asked you_______ you were a student or not.填空if/whether(是否)的区别Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.①在不定式前：It depends on(取决于) whether it is going to rain.②在介词前：They are talking about whether to go there or not.③与or not连用：Whether he is right isn’t important.④If不能放句首：【黔西南中考真题】23.Do you know _________ Zunyi or not tomorrow?A. whether they are leaving forB. if they are leaving forI’m thinking of ________we should go fishing________he will come tomorrow depends on the weather. He doesn’t know ________ to go to the cinema today语序宾语从句语序：永远陈述句The teacher says that he is an honest boyHe asks me who you areHe asks me what he likes.你知道他是否现在很忙吗？Do you know if he is busy now?Can you tell me _____________________(医院在哪么)除了：what is wrong/ what is the matter 下列宾语丛句的语序是否正确。
外研八下M9The Object Clause宾语从句1. 当从句为陈述句时, 用连词 that 引导;2. 当从句为一般疑问句时, 用 if / whether (但whether可以与or not连用, if不能);3. 当从句为特殊疑问句时, 用when, where, how, why, who, what 等疑问词引导。
**宾语从句的语序** 不管是一般疑问句还是特殊疑问句,宾语从句都要用陈述语序。
宾语从句的引导词1. 当由陈述句来充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义常省略。
eg. I think (that) he is right. I know (that) she is a Canadian athlete.I'm sure (that) he will get the job. I'm glad (that) you are trying to help others.2 特别注意：宾语从句否定意义的转移。
若主句的谓语动词是think , believe , suppose, guess等词，而且主句的主语是第一人称时候，如果从句谓语是否定的，一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上去，而将从句谓语改为肯定形式。
如：I don't think he has time to come to the party . (I think He doesn’t have time to....)2. 当由特殊疑问句做宾语从句时，引导词由原来的特殊疑问词来充当。
有意义不能省略。
从句的语序要用陈述语序。
句末的标点符号由主句决定。
常出现的特殊疑问词：when, why, how, where, who、whom、whose、which, what等。
eg. 1) He asks. How can they get to school? He asks how they can get to school.2) Do you know? When did he buy this pen? Do you know when he bought this pen?3) Can you tell me ? What is your name? Can you tell me what your name is?3. 当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”“是不是”“能否”等。
宾语从句：跟在动词、介词、形容词后，在句子中起宾语作用的句子称为宾语从句。
有三种类型：引导词分别为：that; if/whether（是否）; 连接代词、连接副词（即特殊疑问词）如what which how how many how much where when 等。
1.当有陈述句充当宾从时，用that 引导，that 不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。
He said that he could finish his work before supper.划线部分为宾语从句。
2.当有一般疑问句充当宾从时，用if 或whether 引导。
if 或whether 为是否的意思。
Alice wanted to know if /whether her grandmother liked the bag.3. 如果宾从原来是特殊疑问句，需用原来的疑问词引导。
Could you tell me where we will have the meeting tomorrow? I don’t know who bought me the present.注意：宾从的语序与时态。
语序：当一般疑问句和特殊疑问句充当宾从时，他们要变成陈述语序。
时态：（1）当宾语从句的主句为一般现在时态时，从句保留原来句子的时态或根据实际情况。
（2）当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时态时，从句改为相应的过去时态（真理除外）一般现在时态变为一般过去时态一般过去时态还用一般过去时态现在进行时态变为过去进行时态现在完成时态变为过去完成时态一般将来时态变为过去将来时态（同学们要记住各种时态的结构）Exercises:1. Where does Mr. Green liv e? Do you know…2.How much did you pay for the book? Please tell me…3.Does Mr. Black live in Room 102? Can you tell me…4.How much milk is there in the bottle ? He asked…5.Which film are they talking about? Could you tell me…6.My father asked , Shall we go to work by bike tomorrow.7.They told Tom : They ’re running and skating.8.Did they have a good journey ? Do you know.9.Could you tell me…？What’s his name ?10.Did you know…? Does he like English ?11.What did they talk about ? Do you know.12.Does Lily work in the hospital ? Will you tell me?13. Could you tell me ? How can I get to the post office?14. Do you know… How much did you pay for the MP3 player last week?15.The teacher told us… The moon goes around the earth.16.She said … She is very happy to help them.17.I can see him now. The boss said .18.He told me… He will call you tomorrow.宾语从句和简单句的转化： 1.转化为不定式。
I hope that I will be an English teacher in the future.2. 转化为疑问词+不定式。
She didn’t know where she would find her son.3.转化为名词词组。
She doesn’t believe what he said. I saw what he did.4.转化为动名词形式。
I remember that I have posted the letter.He forgot that he had turned off the lights.5.转化为名词+形容词或现在分词作宾补的形式。
He found that his pen was missing.We found a boy was lying on the ground.将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。
1) These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong.2) Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me. My teacher told me _____ light _______ faster than sound.3) There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn’t know. Jack didn’t know ______ there ______ ____ a meeting in five days.4) Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French.5) Are the children playing games? Tell me. Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games.6) Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma ChaoMr. Zhao asked Ma Chao _______ _______ ______ _____ _____ homework yet.7) How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?Who knows _____ _____ ____ ____ _____ ______ in the picture?8) Where did she park her car? Do you know? Do you know _____ _____ ____ her car?9) What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.The girl wondered _____ _____ often ________ about.10) Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know. I don’ t know _______ _______ at the door so loudly.11) Does he still live in that street? I don't know. I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street.12) What's his name? I asked him. I asked him what _____ _____ ____ ______.13) When does the train arrive? Please tell me. Please tell me ________ _________ ________ _________.14) Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. He asked the boys _______ they ______ fried chicken.15）Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don't know. I don't know _______ the watch _______ made in Shanghai.1).How does he get on with his new classmates? Could you tell me? (改为含有宾语从句的复合句)Could you tell me how ______ _____ on with his new classmates?2).What is he doing there? Mother didn't know. (改为含有宾语从句的复合句Mother didn't know what _______ ______doing there.3).You'd better ask your mother whether is it cheap enough before you try it on. (改错)4)What's his name? I asked him.（改为含有宾语从句的复合句）I asked him what _______ _______ _______.5) Why didn't he look happy? Could you tell me?(改为含有宾语从句的复合句)Could you tell me why _______ ______ look happy?6) Does he still live in that street? I don't know(改为含有宾语从句的复合句)I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street.7) Whose children is the old woman looking after? Did you find out? （改为含有宾语从句的复合句）Did you find out whose children the old woman ______ _______ after?8) The moon moves round the earth. My sister told me.（同上）My sister told me ______ the moon_______ round the earth.9) I think it is not going to snow tomorrow.（改错）。
