Simultaneous Qualitation and Quantification of Thirteen Bioactive

算术平均牛顿法的英文Arithmetic-Geometric Mean Newton's Method.The arithmetic-geometric mean (AGM) Newton's method is an iterative algorithm used in numerical analysis to approximate the solution of equations, particularly those involving transcendental functions. This method is avariant of the classical Newton's method, which uses the tangent line to the function at a given point to approximate the root of the function. The AGM Newton's method incorporates the arithmetic-geometric mean (AGM) iteration, which is itself a fast converging method for computing the square root of a number.Background on Newton's Method:Newton's method is based on the Taylor series expansion of a function. Given a function f(x) and its derivativef'(x), the method starts with an initial guess x0 and iteratively updates the approximation using the formula:x_{n+1} = x_n f(x_n) / f'(x_n)。

海克斯康simufact additive固有应变法-概述说明以及解释1.引言1.1 概述概述:海克斯康simufact additive是一款先进的3D打印模拟软件，专门用于预测和优化金属增材制造过程中的性能和质量。

固有应变法是其中的一种重要模拟方法，通过对模型内部固有的应变进行分析，可以更准确地预测零件在制造过程中可能出现的变形和应力分布情况。

本文将对海克斯康simufact additive的固有应变法进行深入探讨，介绍其原理和应用，并通过案例分析展示其在实际工程中的应用效果。

通过本文的阐述，读者将对海克斯康simufact additive和固有应变法有更深入的了解，为相关领域的研究和应用提供参考。

1.2 文章结构文章结构部分内容如下：文章结构部分旨在介绍本文的脉络和框架，以便读者更好地理解全文的内容和组织结构。

本文分为引言、正文和结论三个部分。

引言部分主要包括概述、文章结构和目的三个小节。

在概述部分，将介绍海克斯康simufact additive固有应变法的背景和相关概念；在文章结构部分，将介绍本文的大纲和各部分的内容安排；在目的部分，将阐明本文的撰写目的以及对读者的帮助和指导。

正文部分将详细介绍海克斯康simufact additive的简介、固有应变法原理和应用案例分析三个方面。

在海克斯康simufact additive简介部分，将介绍该软件的背景、特点和应用范围；在固有应变法原理部分，将对固有应变法进行详细解释和阐述；在应用案例分析部分，将结合实际案例，对固有应变法在实际工程中的应用进行分析和讨论。

结论部分将包括总结、展望和结论三个小节。

在总结部分，将对本文的主要内容和观点进行总结和归纳；在展望部分，将对海克斯康simufact additive固有应变法的未来发展趋势进行展望和分析；在结论部分，将对全文进行最终的总结和结论性的表述。

1.3 目的本文旨在介绍海克斯康simufact additive固有应变法的原理和应用案例，旨在帮助读者深入了解该技术在增材制造领域的应用及其优势。

第31卷第4期2017年12月干旱环境监测Arid Environmental MonitoringVol. 31 No. 4Dee . 2017超高效液相色谱一串联质谱快速测定水中的溴氰菊酯李亚军，李逸，张荧(珠江流域水环境监测中心，广东广州510611)摘要：建立了超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱（UPLC-M S/M S)快速测定地表水及饮用水中溴氰菊酯的方法，并应用于实际水样的检测分析。

结果表明:水样经0.22p m滤膜过滤后可直接采用超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱仪多重反应监测（MRM)模式定量检测水中溴氰菊酯;最优分析条件下，溴氰菊酯的检出限为0.30 (xg/L，其线性检测范围为0.30-20. 0叫/L，相关系数为0.999 7;采用该方法检测水中的溴氰菊酯，不同水平（2. 00、.00X/L和20.0 叫/L)样品加标回收率为95.5% ~98.5%，相对标准偏差为1.37% ~3.59%。

方法快速简便、灵敏度高、定性定量准确，适合日常批量水样的快速分析。

关键词：溴氰菊酯；超高效液相色谱；串联质谱中图分类号：X830.2 文献标识码：B 文章编号：1007 -1504(2017)04 -0145 -04Determination of Deltametlirin in Water by Ultra - performance Licjuid Chromatography witli Tandem Mass Spec­trometryLI Ya -jun,L I Yi,ZHANG Yin/( Monitorin/ Center of Pearl River Aquatic Environment,Guangzhou Guangdon/ 510611,China) Abstract：A fast UPLC - MS/MS method to determine the concentration of deltamethrin in water is Water sample is filtered through 0.22 ^m membrane and determined by ultra - performance liquid chromatography with tan­dem mass spectrometry d irectly. Under the optimum conditions，the detection limit of deltamethrin is 0. 30 pg/L，the linearrange is 0. .0〜20. 0 jxg/L and the correlation coefficient is 0. 999 7. Average recoveries at three spiking levels(2. 00,5. 00and 20. 0 jxgL) are in the range from 95. 5% to 98. 5% and RSD is in the range from 1.37% to 3. 59% ( n = 6). The methodhas advantages of being fast , simple , sensitive , accurate in quantitation and qualitation , which is fit for routinely aquatic anal­ysis.Key words：deltamethrin；ultra-performance liquid chromatography；tandem mass spectrometry溴氰菊酯（deltamethrin)又名敌杀死、凯素 灵，是一种广谱性的拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂，对昆 虫具有触杀、胃毒作用，杀虫活性比其他拟除虫 菊酯大5~10倍[1’2]。

量化分析英语演讲稿范文## Quantitative Analysis: Unlocking Value through Data-Driven Insights.Introduction:Quantitative analysis has emerged as a pivotal tool in the modern business landscape, empowering decision-makers with data-driven insights to gain a competitive edge. By harnessing the power of mathematical and statistical techniques, quantitative analysts transform raw data into actionable knowledge, enabling organizations to optimize their operations, predict market trends, and make well-informed decisions.Role of Quantitative Analysts:Quantitative analysts are skilled professionals who specialize in extracting meaningful patterns and insights from complex data. They play a crucial role in:Data analysis and modeling: Using mathematical and statistical tools to identify trends, patterns, and relationships in data.Risk assessment and forecasting: Quantifying risks and uncertainties to help organizations make informed decisions.Financial analysis and trading: Analyzing financial data to make investment decisions, manage portfolios, and assess market risk.Benefits of Quantitative Analysis:Organizations that leverage quantitative analysis effectively enjoy numerous benefits, including:Improved decision-making: Data-driven insights empower managers to make more informed and objective decisions.Enhanced risk management: Quantifying risks allows organizations to mitigate potential losses and seizeopportunities.Increased efficiency: Automating complex calculations and leveraging data visualization tools enhancesoperational efficiency.Competitive advantage: Access to valuable insights provides organizations with a competitive edge in the market.Challenges in Quantitative Analysis:Despite its benefits, quantitative analysis facescertain challenges:Data quality and availability: Ensuring the accuracy and availability of data is essential for reliable analysis.Computational complexity: Handling large and complex datasets can require significant computing resources.Bias and ethics: Quantitative models can be biased ifnot carefully designed and implemented.Overcoming Challenges:Organizations can overcome these challenges by:Establishing data governance: Setting standards for data collection, quality, and accessibility.Investing in technology: Utilizing advanced computing platforms and data visualization tools to enhance analysis capabilities.Promoting a data-driven culture: Fostering a culture that values data-informed decision-making.Conclusion:Quantitative analysis has become an indispensable tool in the business world, providing organizations with the power to unlock value through data-driven insights. By embracing quantitative analysis techniques, organizationscan improve their decision-making, manage risks, enhance efficiency, and gain a competitive edge. As the demand for data-driven insights continues to grow, the role of quantitative analysts will become increasingly crucial in shaping the future of business and society.## 定量分析，通过数据驱动的洞察释放价值。

Unit 1outcome结果statistics统计statistical 统计的toss投die骰子dice 掷骰子intuitive直觉的analogously类似的conceptually概念的simultaneous同时的collection集合identical同一的，同样的individual个别的ensemble集，总和ensemble average集平均variable变量random variable随机变量stationary平稳的ergodic个态历经的ergodic process各态历经过程deterministic确定性的normalize使标准化的normalized规格化的，归一化的expectation期望值product乘积truncate截断，截短periodic周期的covariance协方差uncorrelated不相关的uniform均匀的overlap部分重叠separation间隔，距离spacing间隔，间距random process随机过程on the average 平均，一般来说make measurement 量度sample function 样本函数statistical average 统计平均值probability density function概率密度函数statistical characteristic统计特征autocorrelation function 自相关函数in connection with 与，，有关physical significance物理意义Fourier transform傅里叶变换power spectral density 功率谱密度be at liberty to被允许gaussian process高斯过程physical fact外界存在的事实upper-frequency频率上限fall off下降in the limit在极限情况下delta function狄拉克函数random pulse随机脉冲time invariant时不变的parseval's theorem巴塞瓦尔定理statistically independent统计独立successive pulse连续脉冲be representative of表示，代表词组sample function样本函数ensemble average集合平均physical significance物理意义a fourier transform pair傅里叶变换对deterministic waveform 确定波形in the limit 在极限情况下time invariant时不变的an upper-frequency limit频率上限parseval，s theorem帕斯瓦尔定理random pulses随机脉冲随机过程random process统计平均statistical average随机变量random variable自相关函数autocorrelation function傅里叶变换fourier transform功率谱密度power spectral density概率密度函数probability density function 高斯过程gaussian process平稳过程stationary process统计独立statistically时间平均值time average统计特征statistical character各态历经过程ergodic processUnit 2abstraction抽象encompass包括devise设计whereby凭那个，由此arbitarily任意地theorem定理infrequent 罕见的override压倒thereby由此gaussian高斯的unity单一complementary补充的derivation推导formidable困难的undertake进行，从事presumed假定的presumably推测起来likelihood可能likely可能interval间隔rounding舍入，四舍五入abrupt，急剧的，不连续reliably可靠的，安全的heuristic启发式的intuitive直觉的intuitively直觉的contemplate预期的vice versa反之亦然quantize量化reception接受extreme极端的，偏激的attenuate衰减distort失真distortion失真equalizer均衡器recoverable可恢复的enter into参加，涉及due to 由于be something of 有一点in principle 原则上provided that假如on principle按照原则probability of error 误码率be close to接近bandlimited gaussian channel限带高斯信道physical system物理系统turn out结果lower bound下界upper limit 上限root-mean-square均方根root-mean-square error 均方误差amount of information 信息量ideal lowpass filter理想低通滤波器rise time上升时间as a matter of convenience为方便起见white gaussian noise 高斯白噪声on the other hand 另一面trade off交替换位tradeoff折中signal-to-noise ratio信号噪声比be free to 随意make up for 补偿词组physical system物理系统rise time 上升时间amount of information信息量in principle原则上gaussian channel高斯信道probability density概率密度root-mean-square均方根trade off折中lower bound下界equalizer均衡器vice versa反之亦然upper limit上限通信理论communication theory香农定理Shannon，s theorem信道带宽channel bandwidth信号波形signal waveform理想低通滤波器ideal lowpass filter自相关函数autocorrelation function无噪音高斯信道noiseless gaussian channel 通信信道communication channel信息速率information rate信噪比signal-to-noise ratio信道容量channel capacity双边功率谱密度two-side power误码率probability of error那奎斯特采样速率nyquist sampling rate限带高斯信道bandlimited gaussian channel 高斯白噪声White gaussian noiseUnit 3analog模拟quantization量化volt伏特discrete离散的quantum量unipolar单级的polar极性的on-off开关的encoding编码encoder编码器decoder解码器likewise同样的amplitude振幅margin余量trinary三倍的immune免疫的hereafter今后unavailable不能避免的reconstructed重建的evaluation计算span横跨interval间隔compandor压扩器companding压扩uniformly均匀的compress压缩compressor压缩器compressor ratio压缩比quantizer均匀量化器uniform quantizer均匀量化器equivalent相等的serially连续的reshape改造distortion失真interconnect使相互连接filter滤波transition转换，转变PCM: pulse code modulation脉冲编吗调制PAM: pulse amplitude modulation脉冲振幅调制PPM: pulse phase modulation 脉宽调制pulse train脉冲序列amount to等于round off舍入step size步长quantum step size 量化步长positive pulse 正脉冲refer to as称为quantization error 量化步长peak magnitude峰值overall performance总性能crest factor振幅因数root-mean-square均方根Differential Pulse Code Modulation 差分脉冲编码调制adaptive DPCM 自适应DPCMpredictive coding预测编码correspond to相应，符合in practice 实际中in an attempt to 力图词组overall performance总性能crest factor振幅因数nonlinear operation 非线性炒作inverse operation 逆运算RMS均方根PAM脉福调制maximum magnitude最大幅值error intervals误差间隔entropy墒round off四舍五入quantum level量化水平DPCM差分脉码调制正脉冲positive pulse脉冲编码调制PCM量化步长quantum step size 峰值peak magnitude线性函数linear function脉冲序列pulse train均匀量化器uniform quantizer 预测编码predictive coding 压扩器compandor压缩比compression ratio Unit 4selectively仔细挑选formula公式formulas公式化sacrifice牺牲redundant冗余的demonstrate证明orthogonal正交的arbitrarily任意地raw未加工的raw data 原始数据denote 指示Retransmission转发sophisticated复杂的impractical不切实际的parity奇偶校验encoder编码器codeword码字modulo以。

Table 3. The Minimum Information for Publication of QuantitativeReal-Time PCR Experiments (MIQE) checklist for reviewers, and editors (Bustin et al. 2009)MIQE checklist (Bustin et al. 2009)aI t e m t o c h e c k I m p o r t a n c e I t e m t o c h e c k I m p o r t a n c e Experimental design qPCR oligonucleotidesDefinition of experimental and control groups EPrimer sequencesENumber within each groupE RTPrimerDB identificationnumberD NAAssay carried out by the core or investigator’s laboratory? D NAProbe sequencesD d NAAcknowledgment of author’s contributions DLocation and identity of anymodificationsE NASample Manufacturer of oligonucleotidesDDescription E Purification method D ∅Volume/mass of sampleprocessedD qPCR protocolMicrodissection or macrodissection E NAComplete reactionconditionsE SMProcessing procedureE Reaction volume andamount of cDNA/DNAE SMIf frozen, how and how quickly? EPrimer, (probe), Mg2+, anddNTP concentrationsE SMIf fixed, with what and how quickly? E NAPolymerase identity andconcentrationE SMSample storage conditions andduration (especially for FFPE b samples) E SMBuffer/kit identity andmanufacturer E SMNucleic acid extraction Exact chemical composition D ∅of the bufferProcedure and/or instrumentation EAdditives (SYBR Green I,DMSO, and so forth)E SMName of kit and details of any modifications E Manufacturer ofplates/tubes and catalognumberD SMSource of additional reagents used D NAComplete thermocyclingparametersE SMDetails of DNase or RNase treatment EReaction setup(manual/robotic)D SMContamination assessment (DNA or RNA) EManufacturer of qPCRinstrumentE SMNucleic acid quantification E qPCR validationInstrument and methodE Evidence of optimisation(from gradients)D OKPurity (A260/A280)D SM Specificity (gel, sequence,melt, or digest)E SMYieldD SM For SYBR Green I, Cq ofthe NTCERNA integrity: method/instrument ECalibration curves withslope and y interceptE SM*RIN/RQI or Cq of 3’ and 5’ transcripts E SMPCR efficiency calculatedfrom slopeE SMElectrophoresis tracesD ∅CIs for PCR efficiency orSED ∅Inhibition testing (Cq dilutions, spike, or other) E ∅r2 of calibration curveE SM*Reverse transcription Linear dynamic range E ∅Complete reaction conditions E SM Cq variation at LOD E NAAmount of RNA and reaction volume E SMCIs throughout rangeD NAPriming oligonucleotide (if using GSP) and concentration E SMEvidence for LODE NAReverse transcriptase and concentration E SMIf multiplex, efficiency andLOD of each assayE NATemperature and time E SM Data analysisManufacturer of reagents and catalog numbers D SMqPCR analysis program(source, version)E SMCqs with and without reverse transcription D c OKMethod of Cq determinationE SMStorage conditions of cDNAD SM Outlier identification and dispositionE SM*qPCR target information Results for NTCs EGene symbolE Justification of number andchoice of reference genesESequence accession numberE Description of normalization methodELocation of ampliconD ∅Number and concordance of biological replicatesDAmplicon lengthE Number and stage (reverse transcription or qPCR) of technical replicatesEIn silico specificity screen (BLAST, and so on) ERepeatability (intraassayvariation)E ∅Pseudogenes,retropseudogenes, or other homologs? D NAReproducibility (interassayvariation, CV) D ∅Sequence alignment D ∅Power analysis D ∅Secondary structure analysis of amplicon D ∅Statistical methods forresults significanceELocation of each primer by exon or intron (if applicable) E NASoftware (source, version)EWhat splice variants are targeted? E NACq or raw data submissionwith RDMLD SM*a All essential information (E) must be submitted with the manuscript. Desirable information (D) should be submitted if available. If primers are from RTPrimerDB, information on qPCR target, oligonucleotides, protocols, and validation is available from that source.b FFPE, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded; RIN, RNA integrity number; RQI, RNA quality indicator; GSP, gene-specific priming; dNTP, deoxynucleoside triphosphate.c Assessing the absence of DNA with a no-reverse transcription assay is essential when first extracting RNA. Once the sample has been validated as DNA free, inclusion of a no-reverse transcription control is desirable but no longer essential.d Disclosure of the probe sequence is highly desirable and strongly encouraged; however, because not all vendors of commercial predesigned assays provide this information, it cannot be an essential requirement. Use of such assays is discouraged.Information is included in the text.OK Test was performed but evidence is missing.∅ Information is not available.NA Not applicable.SM Information is provided in Supplementary Materials (* if requested).SampleSample storage conditions and duration: 5 yrs at -80 °CNucleic acid extractionPurity (A260/A280)Colony # 1 17 24 4 11 15 23 16 251.96 1.97 1.772.03 2.07 1.6 1.99 1.91na24/01/0124/01/02 2.01 1.98 1.95 2.02 2.01 1.79 1.73 1.97naYield (ng/µL) in 20 µLColony # 1 17 24 4 11 15 23 16 2523.8 83.970.6 102.6150.573.5261.9150.7na24/01/0124/01/02 123.992 130.8144.1118.819.7152.9140.1naRIN/RQI or Cq of 3’ and 5’ transcriptsColony # 1 17 24 4 11 15 23 16 258.9 8.7 8.3 7.8 8.9 6.1 7.2 na na 24/01/0124/01/02 9.1 9.5 8.3 8.2 6.9 6.2 9.3 9.3 na Reverse transcriptionComplete reaction conditions: Reactions were prepared on iceAmount of RNA and reaction volume: Amount of RNA ranged from 150-560 ng in 20 µL reactionPriming oligonucleotide (if using GSP) and concentration: Oligo(dT)20 (2.5 µM), random hexamers (2.5 ng/µL)Reverse transcriptase and concentration: SuperScript TM III RT (400 U/µL) Temperature and time: 10 min @ 25 °C + 30 min @ 50 °C + 5 min @ 85 °C + ice Manufacturer of reagents and catalog numbers: Invitrogen (Cat. No. 11765) Storage conditions of cDNA: -20 °CqPCR protocolComplete reaction conditions: Reactions were prepared at room temperature Reaction volume and amount of cDNA/DNA: 10 µL SYBR GreenER TM mix, 2 µL primers, 2 µL 5x diluted cDNA, 6 µL DEPC waterPrimer, (probe), Mg2+, and dNTP concentrations: Primers at 4 µM, ∅Polymerase identity and concentration: Platinum®Taq DNA Polymerase, ∅Buffer/kit identity and manufacturer: SYBR®GreenER™ Two-Step qRT-PCR Kit Universal (Invitrogen)Additives (SYBR Green I, DMSO, and so forth): SYBR® GreenER™Manufacturer of plates/tubes and catalog number: Corbett Research 0.2 mL PCR Tubes, Cat. no. 3001-001Complete thermocycling parameters: 2 min @ 50 °C + 10 min @ 95 °C + (15 sec @ 95 °C + 60 sec @ 60 °C) x40 + melt 60-95 °CReaction setup (manual/robotic): Using the Corbett CAS-1200 robotManufacturer of qPCR instrument: Corbett Research, Corbett Rotor-Gene 6000qPCR validationSpecificity (gel, sequence, melt, or digest): Melt curves from 60-95 °C on CorbettRotor-Gene 6000PCR efficiency calculated from slopeGenes Ctg1913 Am Cat Am Ferri Am CD151 Am Trib Am SW Am CTL Am Ch Ctg3235 GAPDH rpL13 rpL9 rpS7 Efficiency 1.98 1.91 1.98 1.95 1.98 1.95 1.95 1.93 1.74 1.87 1.64 1.88 1.93 Data analysisqPCR analysis program (source, version): Corbett Rotor-Gene 6000 softwareMethod of Cq determination: Manual positioning above background signal。

常用分析化学专业英语词汇absorbance 吸光度absorbent 吸附剂absorption curve 吸收曲线absorption peak 吸收峰absorptivity 吸收系数accident error 偶然误差accuracy 准确度acid-base titration 酸碱滴定acidic effective coefficient 酸效应系数acidic effective curve 酸效应曲线acidity constant 酸度常数activity 活度activity coefficient 活度系数adsorption 吸附adsorption indicator 吸附指示剂affinity 亲和力aging 陈化amorphous precipitate 无定形沉淀amphiprotic solvent 两性溶剂amphoteric substance 两性物质amplification reaction 放大反应analytical balance 分析天平analytical chemistry 分析化学analytical concentration 分析浓度analytical reagent (AR) 分析试剂apparent formation constant 表观形成常数aqueous phase 水相argentimetry 银量法ashing 灰化atomic spectrum 原子光谱autoprotolysis constant 质子自递常数auxochrome group 助色团back extraction 反萃取band spectrum 带状光谱bandwidth 带宽bathochromic shift 红移blank 空白blocking of indicator 指示剂的封闭bromometry 溴量法buffer capacity 缓冲容量buffer solution 缓冲溶液burette 滴定管calconcarboxylic acid 钙指示剂calibrated curve 校准曲线calibration 校准catalyzed reaction 催化反应cerimetry 铈量法charge balance 电荷平衡chelate 螯合物chelate extraction 螯合物萃取chemical analysis 化学分析chemical factor 化学因素chemically pure 化学纯chromatography 色谱法chromophoric group 发色团coefficient of variation 变异系数color reagent 显色剂color transition point 颜色转变点colorimeter 比色计colorimetry 比色法column chromatography 柱色谱complementary color 互补色complex 络合物complexation 络合反应complexometry complexometric titration 络合滴定法complexone 氨羧络合剂concentration constant 浓度常数conditional extraction constant 条件萃取常数conditional formation coefficient 条件形成常数conditional potential 条件电位conditional solubility product 条件溶度积confidence interval 置信区间confidence level 置信水平conjugate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对constant weight 恒量contamination 沾污continuous extraction 连续萃取continuous spectrum 连续光谱coprecipitation 共沉淀correction 校正correlation coefficient 相关系数crucible 坩埚crystalline precipitate 晶形沉淀cumulative constant 累积常数curdy precipitate 凝乳状沉淀degree of freedom 自由度demasking 解蔽derivative spectrum 导数光谱desiccant; drying agent 干燥剂desiccator 保干器determinate error 可测误差deuterium lamp 氘灯deviation 偏差deviation average 平均偏差dibasic acid 二元酸dichloro fluorescein 二氯荧光黄dichromate titration 重铬酸钾法dielectric constant 介电常数differential spectrophotometry 示差光度法differentiating effect 区分效应dispersion 色散dissociation constant 离解常数distillation 蒸馏distribution coefficient 分配系数distribution diagram 分布图distribution ratio 分配比double beam spectrophotometer 双光束分光光度计dual-pan balance 双盘天平dual-wavelength spectrophotometry 双波长分光光度法electronic balance 电子天平electrophoresis 电泳eluent 淋洗剂end point 终点end point error 终点误差enrichment 富集eosin 曙红equilibrium concentration 平衡浓度equimolar series method 等摩尔系列法Erelenmeyer flask 锥形瓶eriochrome black T (EBT) 铬黑T error 误差ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) 乙二胺四乙酸evaporation dish 蒸发皿exchange capacity 交换容量extent of crosslinking 交联度extraction constant 萃取常数extraction rate 萃取率extraction spectrphotometric method 萃取光度法Fajans method 法杨斯法ferroin 邻二氮菲亚铁离子filter 漏斗filter 滤光片filter paper 滤纸filtration 过滤fluex 溶剂fluorescein 荧光黄flusion 熔融formation constant 形成常数frequency 频率frequency density 频率密度frequency distribution 频率分布gas chromatography (GC) 气相色谱grating 光栅gravimetric factor 重量因素gravimetry 重量分析guarantee reagent (GR) 保证试剂high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) 高效液相色谱histogram 直方图homogeneous precipitation 均相沉淀hydrogen lamp 氢灯hypochromic shift 紫移ignition 灼烧indicator 指示剂induced reaction 诱导反应inert solvent 惰性溶剂instability constant 不稳定常数instrumental analysis 仪器分析intrinsic acidity 固有酸度intrinsic basicity 固有碱度intrinsic solubility 固有溶解度iodimetry 碘滴定法iodine-tungsten lamp 碘钨灯iodometry 滴定碘法ion association extraction 离子缔合物萃取ion chromatography (IC) 离子色谱ion exchange 离子交换ion exchange resin 离子交换树脂ionic strength 离子强度isoabsorptive point 等吸收点Karl Fisher titration 卡尔•费歇尔法Kjeldahl determination 凯氏定氮法Lambert-Beer law 朗泊-比尔定律leveling effect 拉平效应ligand 配位体light source 光源line spectrum 线状光谱linear regression 线性回归liquid chromatography (LC) 液相色谱macro analysis 常量分析masking 掩蔽masking index 掩蔽指数mass balance 物料平衡matallochromic indicator 金属指示剂maximum absorption 最大吸收mean, average 平均值measured value 测量值measuring cylinder 量筒measuring pipette 吸量管median 中位数mercurimetry 汞量法mercury lamp 汞灯mesh [筛]目methyl orange (MO) 甲基橙methyl red (MR) 甲基红micro analysis 微量分析mixed constant 混合常数mixed crystal 混晶mixed indicator 混合指示剂mobile phase 流动相Mohr method 莫尔法molar absorptivity 摩尔吸收系数mole ratio method 摩尔比法molecular spectrum 分子光谱monoacid 一元酸monochromatic color 单色光monochromator 单色器neutral solvent 中性溶剂neutralization 中和non-aqueous titration 非水滴定normal distribution 正态分布occlusion 包藏organic phase 有机相ossification of indicator 指示剂的僵化outlier 离群值oven 烘箱paper chromatography(PC) 纸色谱parallel determination 平行测定path lenth 光程permanganate titration 高锰酸钾法phase ratio 相比phenolphthalein (PP) 酚酞photocell 光电池photoelectric colorimeter 光电比色计photometric titration 光度滴定法photomultiplier 光电倍增管phototube 光电管pipette 移液管polar solvent 极性溶剂polyprotic acid 多元酸population 总体postprecipitation 后沉淀precipitant 沉淀剂precipitation form 沉淀形precipitation titration 沉淀滴定法precision 精密度preconcentration 预富集predominance-area diagram 优势区域图primary standard 基准物质prism 棱镜probability 概率proton 质子proton condition 质子条件protonation 质子化protonation constant 质子化常数purity 纯度qualitative analysis 定性分析quantitative analysis 定量分析quartering 四分法random error 随机误差range 全距(极差)reagent blank 试剂空白Reagent bottle 试剂瓶recording spectrophotometer 自动记录式分光光度计recovery 回收率redox indicator 氧化还原指示剂redox titration 氧化还原滴定referee analysis 仲裁分析reference level 参考水平reference material (RM) 标准物质reference solution 参比溶液relative error 相对误差resolution 分辨力rider 游码routine analysis 常规分析sample 样本,样品sampling 取样self indicator 自身指示剂semimicro analysis 半微量分析separation 分离separation factor 分离因数side reaction coefficient 副反应系数significance test 显著性检验significant figure 有效数字simultaneous determination of multiponents 多组分同时测定single beam spectrophotometer 单光束分光光度计single-pan balance 单盘天平slit 狭缝sodium diphenylamine sulfonate 二苯胺磺酸钠solubility product 溶度积solvent extraction 溶剂萃取species 型体(物种)specific extinction coefficient 比消光系数spectral analysis 光谱分析spectrophotometer 分光光度计spectrophotometry 分光光度法stability constant 稳定常数standard curve 标准曲线standard deviation 标准偏差standard potential 标准电位standard series method 标准系列法standard solution 标准溶液standardization 标定starch 淀粉stationary phase 固定相steam bath 蒸气浴stepwise stability constant 逐级稳定常数stoichiometric point 化学计量点structure analysis 结构分析supersaturation 过饱和systematic error 系统误差test solution 试液thermodynamic constant 热力学常数thin layer chromatography (TLC) 薄层色谱titrand 被滴物titrant 滴定剂titration 滴定titration constant 滴定常数titration curve 滴定曲线titration error 滴定误差titration index 滴定指数titration jump 滴定突跃titrimetry 滴定分析trace analysis 痕量分析transition interval 变色间隔transmittance 透射比tri acid 三元酸true value 真值tungsten lamp 钨灯ultratrace analysis 超痕量分析UV-VIS spectrophotometry 紫外-可见分光光度法volatilization 挥发Volhard method 福尔哈德法volumetric flask 容量瓶volumetry 容量分析Wash bottle 洗瓶washings 洗液water bath 水浴weighing bottle 称量瓶weighting form 称量形weights 砝码working curve 工作曲线xylenol orange (XO) 二甲酚橙zero level 零水平异步处理dispatch_async(dispatch_get_glo bal_queue(0, 0), ^{// 处理耗时操作的代码块... [self test1];//通知主线程刷新dispatch_async(dispatch_get_mai n_queue(), ^{//或者说是通知主线程刷新，NSLog(............);});。