学术写作中常用高级用词替换

写作用高级词汇替换
当我们写作时，使用高级词汇可以让我们的文章更富有魅力和表达力。

以下是一些常见的词汇替换，将普通词汇转为高级词汇。

1.替代->取而代之
2.优点->优势
3.缺点->不足之处
4.问题->课题
5.增加->提升
6.减少->调减
7.很多->大量
8.常见->频繁出现的
9.改变->转变
10.提供->提供
11.交流->沟通
12.讨论->探讨
13.快乐->愉悦
14.帮助->协助
15.想法->见解
16.喜欢->热衷于
17.有->具有
18.看见->领会
19.难->苦
20.聪明->聪明的
以上是一些常见的高级词汇替换，可以通过使用高级词汇来提高写作的水平和语言的表达力。

当然，适当使用高级词汇也要注意语境和语法的准确性。

写作用高级词汇替换在写作中，使用高级词汇可以提升文章的格调和表达能力。

以下是一些常见的高级词汇替换：1. 替代 "good" 的词汇：- excellent, outstanding, exceptional, remarkable, superb, superior, splendid, marvelous2. 替代 "bad" 的词汇：- terrible, awful, dreadful, appalling, atrocious, disastrous, abysmal, miserable, deplorable3. 替代 "important" 的词汇：- significant, crucial, vital, essential, paramount, notable, substantial, fundamental4. 替代 "big" 的词汇：- enormous, immense, colossal, gigantic, massive, substantial, monumental, sizable5. 替代 "small" 的词汇：- minuscule, tiny, petite, miniature, microscopic, negligible, inconspicuous, minute6. 替代 "beautiful" 的词汇：- stunning, gorgeous, exquisite, breathtaking, elegant, picturesque, captivating, splendid7. 替代 "happy" 的词汇：- delighted, elated, ecstatic, jubilant, content, blissful, overjoyed, euphoric8. 替代 "sad" 的词汇：- sorrowful, melancholic, heartbroken, devastated, mournful, gloomy, desolate, dejected9. 替代 "interesting" 的词汇：10. 替代 "difficult" 的词汇：- challenging, arduous, demanding, strenuous, formidable, laborious, intricate, onerous11. 替代 "easy" 的词汇：12. 替代 "think" 的词汇：- believe, consider, ponder, contemplate, reflect, speculate, deliberate, surmise13. 替代 "say" 的词汇：- express, articulate, convey, state, assert, utter, declare, remark14. 替代 "get" 的词汇：- acquire, obtain, procure, attain, secure, receive, gain, achieve15. 替代 "do" 的词汇：请注意，高级词汇的使用应该尊重文章风格和读者，不要过分追求华丽的措辞，而是要确保用词地道、准确，并符合文章的整体逻辑。

形容词1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished= poverty-stricken2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do= well-off3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding 4. 积极的，好的：good=conducive= beneficial=advantageous5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable 6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest 7. 健康的:healthy = robust = sound = wholesome 8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary= miraculous9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous= eye-catching10. 有活力的：energetic=dynamic=vigorous =animated11. 流行的：popular=prevailing=prevalent= pervasive动词1.提高，加强：improve=enhance=promote= strengthen= optimize2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger 3. 解决：solve=resolve=address=tackle=cope with = deal with4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down= eradicate5. 培养:develop = cultivate = foster = nurture 6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur 7. 认为：think = assert= hold = claim = argue 8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold10. 有害于：destroy=impair=undermine=jeopardize11. 减轻:ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten名词1. 影响：influence= impact2. 危险：danger = perils =hazard3. 污染：pollution = contamination4. 人类：human beings= mankind = human race 5. 老人：old people= the old = the elderly= the aged = senior citizens6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being 7. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators= lecturers8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths= adolescents10. 优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue 11. 责任：responsibility = obligation = duty= liability12. 能力：ability = capacity = power = skill13. 职业：job = career = employment = profession 14. 娱乐：enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment15. 孩子：children = offspring = descendant= kid高级短语1. 充满了：be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be saturated with2. 努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for3. 从事：embark on = tap = set about = go in for4. 在当代:in contemporary society = in present-day society= in this day and age5. 大量的:a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of高级词汇important—significantgood—stunning, fabulous, sensational，positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superiorbad—dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)way—approach, methodpeople ,persons—individuals,characters, folksuse—adoptbut—neverthelessunderstand/know—figureso—consequently, therefore omany—an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most首先, 第一: initially, to begin with, to start with其次, 第二, 第三, 第四……: furthermore, moreover, in addition, besides最后: finally, last but not the least现在(目前), XXXX现象是不可避免且难以否认的Currently, there is an inevitable and undeniable fact that ……At present, it is inevitable and undeniable that …..例句:Currently,there is an inevitable and undeniable fact that computer is playing a significant role in our daily lives......At present, it is inevitable and undeniable that advertisement has been flooding into our daily lives ......随着社会(科技)的发展,人们开始注意到XXXX的重要性Along with the advance of the society (science and technology), people are attaching much importance to ……例句:Along with the advance of the society,people are attaching more and more importance to the interview in the job-hunting ......最近, XXXXX现象引起了人们的广泛关注recently, the phenomenon of (that) ……has aroused widepublic concern ......例句:Recently,the phenomenon that CPI keeps increasing has aroused wide public concern......一部分人认为……., 而另一部分人认为……Some people argue that….., whereas others maintain that….就我个人而言(老实说), 我全力支持前者(后者)As for me, I am in high favor of the former (latter) Personally, I side with the former (latter) ......Frankly speaking/ To be frank/ To be honest/ Honestly speaking, it is the former (latter) that I approve of ......我认为(在我看来,就我看来,我的观点是, 我想….)I am convinced that….As far as I am concerned, ….. To my point of view, ….. From where I stand ……作为一把双刃剑as a two-bladed sword, as a double-edged sword因此, 基于以上讨论, 我们很容易得出……的结论hence(Consequently),based on the discussion above,it is easy for us to draw the conclusion that…..。

house —— building,dwelling, lodgeancient —— aged, antique, elderlybusiness —— job, affair, tradeprotect —— defend, shield, ensuremisleading —— deceptive, delusive, delusoryemotion —— sentiment, e*citement, sensitivitymeasure —— pare, rank, estimate, appraisereduce —— cut back, lower, decreasegrowth —— developmentprofession —— careerincrease —— add to, raise, enlarge, e*pandprogress —— advance, proceed, go aheadtechnology —— skill, techniquehighway —— road, freeway, e*presswayassociate —— join, connect, bine, unitemethod —— way, manner, plan, form, design, arrangement convenience —— fortableprofit —— gain, benefit, advantage, proceedsresearch —— delve, inquire, hunt, look intoe*periment —— test, prove, researchincident —— happening, event, occurrence, affair argument —— dispute, controversyfault —— mistake, error, defect, flaw, misdeedrubbish —— waste, trash, garbagedecision —— condusion, determinationstress —— force, strain, tension, pressurecrisis ——emergency, critical, piontautomobile —— motorcar, lorry, truck, car, bus, coach recreation —— play, amusement, pleasure, pastimeforbid —— stop, pronibit, preventbenefit —— caitalize, profitelder —— older, seniormaterial ——substance, stuff, matterindividual —— single, separate, personalreason —— cause, logic, e*planationunderwater —— deep-seaaverage —— [普通的]：usual, ordinary, passableregulate —— [管理]：manage, direct, handle, control[调整]：adjust, remedy, rectify, correctalthough表转折—— despite, but, however, in fact, indeed possess拥有——own, have, hold, control, maintain, occupypromotion促进，提升，提拔—— advancement, forwarding, improvement, rise, betterment, progressnegotiation谈判，协商，准备—— arrange, settle, mediate, talk overengage从事，占去, 卷入—— involve, entanglebenefit利益，得益—— capitalize, profitsettle定居—— occupy, inhabit, live in, locate, conolizeimmigrants移民—— people from other countriesemployment就业—— job, careerto keep a record记录—— to keep a diaryaction行为—— what they didlapse错误—— error, fault, slip,research研究，调查——delve, search, study, investigate, inquire, e*plore, look intolayoff辞退—— unemployment, downsizing in workersassociate联合—— join, connect, unite, bineopponent对手—— enemy, foe, adversary, petitor, rival, saboteurargument争论—— dispute, controversyoppose反对——counteract, fight, struggle, resist, conflict with, refuserealize认知，了解—— understand, grasp, conceive, prehend, appreciate以上的同义替换不管是破折号之前的单词还是之后的单词都是在真题里面出现过的单词，其中不乏一些高频词汇。

常用词的学术替换动词替换：提高：Promote: 促进AC之间的贸易promote the trade between A and C; He was promoted to senior manager in this company.Advance: our understanding of human genetics has considerably(非常的，可换做vastly) advanced.Enhance: the publicity has enhanced his reputation.这次宣传提高了他的名望改变：Transform:多指改头换面，完全改变，不能用于形容slight change。

说到人口变化：the increasing population has transformed the landscape and structure of local industry structure.人口剧增改变了小镇的景色以及当地的工业结构强调：Highlight：the report highlight the decline in the numbers of native(可以换作local) plants and insects.Stress: He stresses the need for parents to listen to their children.Accentuate: the crisis accentuates the gap between rich and poor.(highlight and emphasize 的区别：highlight是告诉人们重点，因而能够让别人注意，类似于老师勾重点；而emphasize则是使重点清晰，不管别人是否能注意得到。

而stress则和emphasize差不多)培养：Cultivate: cultivate the ability of … ；培养情操；cultivate a more relaxed and positive way towards life.Nurture: 养育，同样可以指培养人才（talents）the sea nutures ample marine animals.破坏：Impair：impair ability; 主要是破坏能力，莫乱用。

作文高级词汇替换1.原词：电视节目/偶像/手游等替换：消费主义语境下的快餐式娱乐符号例句：目视当下，消费主义语境下快餐式的娱乐符号充斥着我们的生活，我们的灵魂，似乎已经追不上我们的生活。

2.原词：短视频替换：短平快的感官刺激和快速更替的井喷式的信息例句：短平快的感官刺激和快速更替的井喷式的信息诚然可以让我们获得短时间的心灵满足。

3.原词：高新科技替换：物质文明的提纯者与精神文明的选择者例句：面对高新科技——这一物质文明的提纯者和精神文明的选择者，我们却陷入了一种两难境地——它带来的便利和消弭的生活情致，哪一个于我们才是更重要的？4.原词：崇洋媚外类的坏现象替换：多元文化融合的当下产生文化冲突，而导致本民族文化在社会生活中易被忽视的不利局面例句：过洋节无可厚非，但值得思考的是多元文化融合的当下产生文化冲突，而导致本民族文化在社会生活中易被忽视的局面。

5.原词：传统文化替换：儒教传统下精神文明符号的凝结例句：如今，复兴传统文化，这一儒教传统下精神文明符号的凝结，拥有了空前的必要性与现实意义。

6.原词：获得成功替换：功利目的是实现阶级提升/获得世俗成功例句：“小镇做题家”的功利目的，固然是实现阶级提升，获得世俗成功，但不可否认知识的学习也会给他们带来不同于父辈与祖辈的，知识存量的增加与理性韬养。

7.原词：教育替换：对文化的选择、传递和创造例句：教育是对文化的选择，传递和创造，智育如此，美育和体育也是如此。

如果只强调智育，那么美育和体育文化中值得珍视和传承的部分，就会消失在一代人的忽视中。

8.原词：学习知识替换：知识存量的增加和理性韬养例句：对于青少年而言，通过学习知识，获得知识存量的增加和理性韬养固然重要，而美育和体育的重要性同样不可忽视。

9.原词：阅读替换：缓慢、深长的严肃文学阅读体验例句：比起快餐式的短视频带来的感官刺激，我更倾向于进行缓慢、深长的严肃文学阅读。

10.原词：提高修养替换：停下来等一等我们的灵魂例句：尽管在物欲被高度强调的当下稍事娱乐无可厚非但我也想说，是时候停下来，等等我们的灵魂了。

★形容词：1. 贫穷的： poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken2. 富裕的： rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off3. 优秀的： excellent = eminent = top = outstanding4. 积极的，好的： good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous5. 消极的，不良的： bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable6. 明显的： obvious = apparent = evident =manifest7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome8. 惊人的： surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous9. 美丽的： beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching10. 有活力的： energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated11. 流行的： popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive1.Everywhere 普遍的 Widespread 、 Prevalent 、 Overflow、 Rampant2.Good 好的 Beneficial、Advantageous3.Harmful 有害的 Inhumane、 Detrimental 、 Baneful4.Rich 富有的 Wealthy 、Affluent5.Poor 贫穷的 Impoverished7.Serious 严重的 Severe8.Obvious 明显的 Manifest、Apparent 、 Evident 9.cheap 便宜的 Economical、Inexpensive★ 动词：1. 提高，加强： improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize2. 引起： cause = trigger = endanger3. 解决： solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with4. 拆除： destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture6. 激发，鼓励： encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur7. 认为： think = assert= hold = claim = argue8. 完成： complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve9. 保留： keep = preserve = retain = hold10. 有害于： destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten1.Improve 提高： Promote 、Advance、 Enhance2.change 改变： Transform3.Emphasize 强调： Highlight、 Stress 、Address(这是个 9 星级用法)4.Develop 培养： Agriculture 、Cultivate 、 Nurture5.Break 破坏：Impair 、Undermine 这两个词指的是抽象意义上的破坏 Jeopardize 、Devastate6.Keep 保存 Preserve、 Conserve 保护资源7.deal With 解决 Tackle 、Address(这也是高难度用法，很牛)、Resolve 8.need 需要 Require 、 necessitate 、 call for★ 名词：1. 影响： influence= impact2. 危险： danger = perils =hazard3. 污染： pollution = contamination4. 人类： human beings= mankind = human race5. 老人： old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens6. 幸福： happiness = cheerfulness = well-being7. 老师： teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers8. 教育： education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing9. 青少年： young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents10. 优点： advantage = merits = superiority = virtue11. 责任： responsibility = obligation = duty = liability12. 能力： ability = capacity = power = skill13. 职业： job = career = employment = profession14. 娱乐： enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment15. 孩子： children = offspring = descendant= kid1.Forefather 祖先 Ancestor 、 Predecessor2.Difference 不同 Gap (简单但是牛)、 Distinction3.Crime 犯罪 Delinquency 、Criminal Act4.Environment 环境 Circumstance 、Atmosphere 、 Surrounding 、Ambience5.Pollution 污染 Contamination6.Human 人类 The human race Humanity Humankind7.Danger 危险 Peril 、 Hazard8.In modern society 在当今社会 In contemporary society In present-day society In this day and age★ 短语：1. 充满了： be filled with = be awashwith = be inundate with = be saturatedwith2. 努力： struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for3. 从事：embark on = take up = set about = go in for4. 在当代: incontemporarysociety = inpresent-day society= inthis day andage5. 大量的: a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of★插入语1.indeed 的确，2.surely 无疑，3.however 坦率地说， 6.naturally 自然， 7.luckily 8.fortunately/luckily 幸好， 9.honestly 真的，然而，4.obviously 显然，5.frankly ( 或 happily)for sb. 算某人幸运，10.briefly 简单地说, 11.strange tosay 说也奇怪， 12.needless to say 不用说， 13.most impor tant of all 最为重要是，13.worse still 更糟糕的是， 14.ina few words( 或 insum ，in short)简而言之， 15.in other words 换句话说，16.inasense 在某种意义上， 17.ingeneral 一般说来， 18.inmy view 在我看来，19.in conclusion 总之， 20.in summary 概括地说， 21.infact 事实上， 22.inthe first place 首先， 23.inaddition 此外， 24.of course 当然， 25.to my knowledge 据我所知， 26.for instance(或 example)例如， 27.as a matter of fact 事实上,28.strictly speaking 严格地说， 29.generally speaking 一般地说， 30.judging from…根据……判断 ,31.tobesure 无疑， 32.tosumup 概括地说， 33.totell thetruth 老实说, 34.I am sure 我可以肯定地说，35.I believe 我相信， 36.I wonder 我不知道， 37.thatis 也就是说， 38.it seems 看来是， 39.as I see it 照我看来， 40.what is important (serious) 重要(严重)的是1 解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle2 损害： Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize3 给与： Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford4 培养：： Develop, cultivate, foster5 优势： Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength6 缺陷： Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness7 使迷惑： Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle8 重要的： Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative9 认为： Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced10 保护： Protect, conserve, preserve11 确保： Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge12 有害的： Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental13 要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition14消除： Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smoothaway15导致： Leadto, bringabout, resultin, cause, spark off, conduceto, procure,induce, generate16 因此： So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this17 增长至： Grow to ，riseto ，increaseto ，goupto ，climbto ，ascendto ，jump to ，shoot to18降低至：Dipto ，fall to ，decline to ，decreaseto ，dropto ，godownto ，reduce to ，slump to ，descend to，sink to ，slide to19 保持稳定： Level out ，do not change ，remain stable，remain still，remainsteady，be stable，maintain the same level ，remain unchanged ，be still，remain thesamelevel ，stay constant ，keepatthesamelevel ，level off ，stabilize，keepits stability ，even out20 急剧地： Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply ，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly ，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly ，noticeably21 平稳地： Steadily ， smoothly ， slightly ， slowly ， marginally ， gradually ，moderately，mildly22 宣称： Allege, assert, declare, claim23 发生： Happen, occur, take place24 原因： Reason, factor, cause25 发展： Development, advance, progress26 有益的： Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding ， advantageous27 影响： Influence, impact, effect28 明显的： Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear29占： Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy,hold, compose30 与…相比：Comparedwith ，comparedto ，incomparisonwith ，incomparison to ，by comparison with ，by comparison to31 对比而言： By contrast ，incontrast ，ontheother hand ，onthe contrary= ，conversely32 展示： Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe33 大约： Approximately ，almost ，about ，around ，nearly，roughly34 波动： Fluctuate ，goups anddowns ，display a fluctuation ，demonstrate a fluctuation35 事实上：Practically，inpractice ，essentially，inessence ，inreality ，ineffect ，in fact ，as a matter of fact ，it is a fact that36 换言之： Namely，thatis tosay ，inother words ，toputitlikethis ，toputit differently ，to put it from another way ，to put it from another angle.1.individuals,characters, folks 替换 people ,persons2: positive, favorable, rosy ( 美好的)，promising( 有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable ,excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill ( 有害的)替换 bad 如果 bad 做表语，可以有 be less impressive 替换Eg.Anarmy of college students indulge themselves inplayinggames, enjoyingromance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.4.(anarmy of, anoceanof, a seaof, a multitudeof ,a hostof, many, if notmost)替换 many.注：用 many, if not most 一定要小心， many 后一定要有词。

99个雅思写作高级替换词1.人们People n.Individuals = persons =the public= citizens= one= inhabitants2.认为Think v.Hold= maintain=believe= contend=deem= argue=3.社会Society n.The real world= the community= the public4.名人Famous person n.Celebrity= luminary= legendary figure5.著名的Famous adj.Noted= eminent= prominent= preeminent= distinguished=celebrated= acclaimed 6.专家Specialist n.Expert=master=virtuoso(专才vs.generalist 通才)7.领域Field n.Sphere=discipline(学科)=domain=province(范围)8.技能Skill n.Expertise(专业知识)=prowess(能力)9.品质、特性Quality n.Feature= trait= attribute= characteristic10.信任Have belief in v.Have faith/ trust in11.真实的Real adj.Actual= nonfictional= factual; tangible= concrete= palpable Broad-minded12.心胸宽阔的adj.Tolerant13.思想狭隘的Narrow-minded adj.Insular= conservative14.明智的Wise adj.Prudent= sensible= judicious15.有道理的Reasonable adj.Justified= warranted= legitimate16.没有道理的Unreasonable adj.Unjustified= unwarranted= groundless17.自信Self-confidence n.Morale18.熟悉...Be familiar with19.Beacquainted/conversant with20.竞争Competition n. Rivalry= contest21.合作Cooperate n.Collaborate= take concerted action相关的名词：cooperation=collaboration=combined effort= teamwork= partnership 22.责任Responsibility n. Obligation23.娱乐Relaxation n.Recreation= enjoyment= pleasure= leisure24.实现、完成Achieve v.Attain= accomplish=fulfill one's ambition/duties/criteria25.梦想成真One's dream comes true.Attains one's goal=finds one's niche in life26.失败Failuren.Frustration= setback=nonfulfillment27.成功Success n.Fulfillment= accomplishment=triumph= victory相关动词：succeed (in), fulfill,accomplish28.环境Environment n.Setting=milieu= background =Protect environment29.保护环境v.Be environmentally friendly= be co-friendly30.破坏生态平衡Break the ecological balance v.Disrupt/ upset the ecological balance31.Situation 情况n.Scenario= setting32.Phenomenon 现象n.Occurrence= event= happening= fact33.Factor因素n.Element= consideration= concern= situation34.Depend on 取决于v.Hinge on= ride= rely on= rest on35.Different 不同的adj.Various= opposing= diverse相关名词=difference= disparity= discrepancy= variation=variety= diversity=differentiation=36.Different kinds of 不同种类的adj.A variety of= a broad range of= a wide array of= a diversity of37.好处，优势AdvantageBenefit= boon= blessing= reward= upside= merit38.劣势Disadvantage n.Detriment= bane= curse=drawback= downside= demerit39.好的Good adj.Beneficial= advantageous= rewarding= helpful= useful40.坏的Bad adj.Detrimental= disadvantageous= baneful=harmful,negative41.苦难的Difficult adj.Challenging= daunting=formidable=forbidding42.困难Difficulty n.Hindrance= obstacle= barrier= stumbling block43......的缺乏Lack of n.Absence of = dearth of= deficiency in= shortage of= shortfall of= scarcity of ...44.许多的Many adj...可数名词复数...;A great number of= a host of= a multitude of= an abundance of= a wealth of= a myriad of…不可数名词...a great number of=a large amount of45.越来越More and moreincreasingly= growingly46.增多Growv.Mount= escalate= increase= be on the rise47.令人担忧的WorrisomeAlarming= daunting48.影响Influence n.Impact= sway49.造成不良结果Lead to bad results v.Be counterproductive= render a disservice (帮倒忙)50.危险Danger n.Hazard(危害)=jeopardy(危害)，threat相关形容词形式：dangerous=hazardous=perilous= threatening相关动词：endanger=imperil=threaten=jeopardize51.到如此程度Reach such extent v.Reach such proportions52.非常Very adv.Immenselv= remarkablv= considerablv= dramaticallv= noticeably53.普遍的Common adj.Prevalent= popular=ubiquitous=universal54.重要的Important adj.Essential=crucial= critical= significant= vital= indispensable55.明显的Obvious adj.Perceptible= discernible= appreciable=marked= pronounced= noticeable56.紧急的Urgent adj.Pressing57.理解Understanding n. Appreciation(理解)=awareness= insight (into)58.巨大的Big adj.Enormous=vast= immense= massive= colossal59.小的，轻微的Small adj.Minute(微小的)= slight=minor=trivial60.促进Contribute to v.Be instrumental in/ be conducive to =facilitate/ promote61.阻碍Hold back v.Hamper= impede= hinder62.高Improve v.Enhance= boost= promote= heighten63.破坏Destroy v.Undermine= damage64.必要条件Necessary condition n.Prerequisite(for)= precondition (of)65.困难费力的Effort-taking adj.Arduous= strenuous= laborious66.复杂的ComplicatedComplex= involved= intricate67.充满活力的EnergeticVigorous= dynamic=vibrant68.培养cultivate v.Nurture= develop= foster= hone69.强调Emphasize v.Accentuate= lay stress on= lay emphasis on70.重视Pay attention to71.努力做Try one's best to do v.Endeavor to do= strive to do=strive for sth=spare no effort to do 72.充满Be full of v.Be replete with= be inundated with= be saturated with73.免于Be free from v.Be exempt form=be immune from74.开拓视Expand one's horizon v.Enlarge one's vision = Expand one's outlook75.处理Deal with v.Tackle= address= cope with76.某事必做Sth.must be done.Sth is obligatory/ mandatory/ compulsory/ imperative77.对...的解决方案Solution to ... Cure/ remedy/ therapy for ...78....的方式Way of ...n.Approach to ...= strategy for... avenue of...79.常见做法Usual way n. Common practice80.选择Choice n.Option= alternative81.严格的StrictStringent= rigorous= severe82.控制Control v.Check= curb83.有效地Effective adj.Efficacious= potent相关名词effectiveness=efficacy= potency84.使用Use v.Utilize= make use of= employ= put into service85.有用的Useful adj.Productive= constructive86.可获得的，可得到的Obtainable adj.Available87.目前的Present adj.Current=existing= topical88.有趣的InterestingIntriguing=stimulating= appealing89.质量差的Low-quality90.最佳的Best adj.Optimum91.错误的Wrong adj.Inaccurate= erroneous=fallaciou92.加强Strengthen v.Fortify=reinforce93.削弱Weaken v.Undermine= erode94.使恶化Worsen v.Exacerbate=aggravate95.恶化(环境、事物自己)Deteriorate v.96.传播Spread v.Publicize= disseminate= diffuse= propagate97.刚起步Begin v.Be in embryo= be in one's infancy98.迅速增长Grow rapidlyGrow exponentially= soar99.测量Measure v.Assess= gauge= determine。

常用词的学术替换动词替换：1.1 mprove 提高：Promote: 促进AC 之间的贸易promote the trade between A and C; He was promoted tosenior manager in this company .Adva nee: our un dersta nding of huma n gen etics has con siderably（非常的，可换做vastly）advaneed.Enhance: the publi city has enhanced his reputatio n. 这次宣传提高了他的名望2. change 改变：Transform:多指改头换面，完全改变，不能用于形容slight change。

说到人口变化：the increasing population has transformed the Iandscape and structure of local industry structure.人口剧增改变了小镇的景色以及当地的工业结构3. Emphasize 强调：Highlight : the report highlight the decline in the numbers of native（可以换作local） plants and in sects.Stress: He stresses the n eed for pare nts to liste n to their childre n.Acce ntuate: the crisis acce ntuates the gap betwee n rich and poor .（highlight and emphasize 的区别：highlight是告诉人们重点，因而能够让别人注意，类似于老师勾重点；而emphasize则是使重点清晰，不管别人是否能注意得到。

常用词的学术替换动词替换：1.Improve 提高：Promote: 促进AC之间的贸易promote the trade between A and C; He was promoted to senior manager in this company.Advance: our understanding of human genetics has considerably(非常的，可换做vastly) advanced.Enhance: the publi city has enhanced his reputation.这次宣传提高了他的名望2.change 改变：Transform:多指改头换面，完全改变，不能用于形容slight change。

说到人口变化：the increasing population has transformed the landscape and structure of local industry structure.人口剧增改变了小镇的景色以及当地的工业结构3.Emphasize 强调：Highlight：the report highlight the decline in the numbers of native(可以换作local) plants and insects.Stress: He stresses the need for parents to listen to their children.Accentuate: the crisis accentuates the gap between rich and poor.(highlight and emphasize 的区别：highlight是告诉人们重点，因而能够让别人注意，类似于老师勾重点；而emphasize则是使重点清晰，不管别人是否能注意得到。

而stress则和emphasize差不多)4.Develop培养：Cultivate: cultivate the ability of … ；培养情操；cultivate a more relaxed and positive way towards life.Nurture: 养育，同样可以指培养人才（talents）the sea nutures ample marine animals.5.Break 破坏：Impair：impair ability; 主要是破坏能力，莫乱用。

SCI 写作经典替换词，瞬间高大上！1. individuals, characters, folks 替换people , persons.2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable,excellent, outstanding, superior 替换good.替换bad （如果3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse,illbad 做表语，可以有be less impressive 替换。

）4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, ahostof, if not most 替换many.5. a slice of, quiet a few 替换some.6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold theviewthat, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledgedthat 替换think 。

7. affair, business, matter 替换thing.8. shared 替换 common .9. reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits.10. for my part ,from my own perspectiveopinion. 有 growingly 这种形式。

所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing 修饰形容词，副词用 increasingly. )12. little if anything 或 little or nothing 替换 hardly.13. beneficial, rewarding 替换 helpful.14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser 15. overwhelmingly, exceedingly, extremely, intensely换 very.16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitableunnecessary, avoidable.替换 in my11. Increasing(ly), growing替换 more and more （注意没替换 customer.…替换17. indispensable 替换necessary.18. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendousfascinationon sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interestedin.19. capture one's attention 替换attract one's attention.20. facet, demension, sphere 替换aspet.替换21. be indicative of, be suggestive of, befearful ofindicate,suggest,fear.替换cause. 22. give rise to, lead to, result in,trigger23. There are several reasons behind sth 替换…reasons forsth.24. desire 替换want.25. pour attention into 替换pay attention to.26. bear in mind that 替换remember.27. enjoy, possess 替换have (注意process 是过程的意思）。

1. individuals, characters, folks 替换people , persons.2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换good.3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 替换bad（如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换。

）4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, if not most 替换many.5. a slice of, quiet a few 替换some.6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换think。

7. affair, business, matter 替换thing.8. shared 替换common .9. reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits.10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换in my opinion.11. Increasing(ly), growing 替换more and more（注意没有growingly这种形式。

所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.）12. little if anything或little or nothing 替换hardly.13. beneficial, rewarding 替换helpful.14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser 替换customer.15. overwhelmingly, exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换very.16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable…替换unnecessary, avoidable.17. indispensable 替换necessary.18. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in.19. capture one's attention 替换attract one's attention.20. facet, demension, sphere 替换aspet.21. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 替换indicate,suggest, fear.22. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause.23. There are several reasons behind sth 替换…reasons for sth.24. desire 替换want.25. pour attention into 替换pay attention to.26. bear in mind that 替换remember.27. enjoy, possess 替换have（注意process是过程的意思）。

Native speaker论文45个最经典替换词——写作即时高大上！论文的高大上，来自词汇和语法的高大上。

45个本土词汇，让您的文章表达更精准！1. individuals, characters, folks 替换people , persons.2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换good.3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 替换bad（如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换。

）4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, many, if not most 替换many.注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。

5. a slice of, quiet a few 替换some.6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换think（因为是书面语，所以要加that）。

7. affair, business, matter 替换thing.8. shared 替换common .9. reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits.10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换in my opinion.11. Increasing(ly), growing 替换more and more（注意没有growingly这种形式。

SCI写作经典替换词，瞬间⾼⼤上！（转）1. individuals, characters, folks 替换 people , persons.2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good.3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 替换 bad（如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换。

）4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, if not most 替换 many.5. a slice of, quiet a few 替换 some.6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换 think。

7. affair, business, matter 替换 thing.8. shared 替换 common .9. reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits.10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion.11. Increasing(ly), growing 替换 more and more（注意没有growingly这种形式。

所以当修饰名词时⽤increasing/growing修饰形容词，副词⽤increasingly.）12. little if anything或little or nothing 替换 hardly.13. beneficial, rewarding 替换 helpful.14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser 替换 customer.15. overwhelmingly, exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换 very.16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable…替换 unnecessary, avoidable.17. indispensable 替换 necessary.18. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in.19. capture one's attention 替换 attract one's attention.20. facet, demension, sphere 替换 aspet.21. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 替换 indicate,suggest, fear.22. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换 cause.23. There are several reasons behind sth 替换…reasons for sth.24. desire 替换 want.25. pour attention into 替换 pay attention to.26. bear in mind that 替换 remember.27. enjoy, possess 替换 have（注意process是过程的意思）。

1. important =crucial (extremely important），significant（amount or effect large enough to be important）2。

common=universal， ubiquitous（if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)3。

abundant=ample（enough and usually extra)， plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants）4.stick=adhere， cling(hold on something tightly)5.neglect=ignore.（difference： neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)6。

near=adjacent（twothings next to each other)， adjoin（the same as adjacent）7。

pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned）, seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it。

FORMAL）8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details）, exact(correct in every detail）9。

vague=obscure（unknown or known by only a few people）10.top=peak， summitpetitor=rival, opponent（especially in sports and politics）12。

学术写作词汇转变1. a lot of people think that→it is widely believed that2. weather→climate3. getting worse/better→be deteriorating/improving4. They say→it is claimed that5. go on→continue/consecutive连续的（形）6. storms→severe winter gales(风)7. about→approximately8. (use full forms)don’t,can’t→do not,cannot9. Nothing,something→factor,issue,topic10. Little/big→small/large11. Lots of→a significant/considerable number12. Good/bad→positive/negative13. Avoid using two-word verbs such as go on or bring up if there is a suitable synonym. Use continue or raise.14. like→such as/for instance15. Go up→increase16. The numbers in that report→the figures in that report17. The second thing→the second factor18. Most kids→the majority of children19. A big risk of→a significant risk of20. vote→enfranchise(给予选举权)21. illness→disease22. These days→currently23. Why is this?→There appear to be various reasons for the change.24. get back to work→join the labour force25. Is it good for the kids? →There are mixed views about the effects of this change on the children concerned.26. say→claim27. jam→traffic congestion28. become increasingly expensive the falling cost of motoring29. bus→public transport30. Driving a car→car ownership31. A lot nicer→much more convenient32. the roads get packed→higher vehicle density33. Proper→optimum34. It’s possible that →it’s plausible that35. include→incorporate36. main→cardinal。