高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Computers(讲)(含解析)新人

Unit 3 Computers
(2016·福建省五校高中毕业班统一考试)你校将要举行一次主题为“How to Communicate with Our Parents”的英语演讲比赛，请你用英语写一篇演讲稿。

要点如下：
1．尊重并信任父母；
2．常与父母聊天；
3．换位思考问题。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：换位思考put oneself in sb’s shoes
【参考范文】
How to Communicate with Our Parents
Hello，everyone，I’d__like__to__share__my__ideas__about__the__topic__of__communicating__with__ou r__parents．
Parents are the people who love us most，so it’s necessary to keep a good relationship with them.Here are my ideas on how to make it easier to communicate with parents. First，we should respect and trust our parents.Don’t be rude to them even if they have done something wrong.They have experienced more and always try their best to
protect us from dangers.Second，if we often talk with them about our life and experiences，we will know each other better.What’s more，we can often tell our parents how much we love them.If sometimes we don’t agree with our parents’ decisions，we should try to put ourselves into their shoes and we will soon understand them.Remember that what they really want is only the best for us.
Thank you for listening.
重点单词精讲
考点1．total adj. 总的；全部的；整个的n．总数；合计
【教材原句】
【例句研读】
1.—What is ________________________ these books？这些书的全部费用是多少？
2.—It cost me __________________ of 500 yuan.
3.___________， it cost me 500 yuan.
4.The cost ________________ 500 yuan.
这些书总共花了我500元。

【答案】1.the total cost of2.a total of3.In total4.totalled up to
【归纳拓展】
考点2．anyhow adv.(也作anyway)无论如何；即使如此；随便地
【教材原句】Anyhow，my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.(P18)不管怎样，我的目标是给人类提供高质量的生活。

【例句研读】
We must get the work finished somehow by tomorrow morning.我们必须设法在明天早上
以前把工作做完。

It doesn't make much difference because we are going to be late anyway.这没多大关系，反正我们要迟到了。

Anyway，I must be going now.总之，我现在得走了。

【归纳拓展】
写出下列句中anyhow的意思。

(1)It may rain, but we shall go anyhow.______________
(2)Anyhow, you can try, even if there's not much chance
of success.___________________________
(3)The work was done all anyhow._________________
(1)无论如何(2)至少(3)粗心地
拓展：somehow adv. 由于某种未知的原因；不知怎么的；
以某种方式；用某种方法；从某种角度。

如：
Somehow he was afraid of her. 不知怎的，他怕她。

【即时巩固】
单项填空
The doctor told me to stay in bed，but I'm going to the dance ．A．though B． therefore
C．anyhow D． thus
【答案】 C
考点3．calculate vt.计算，估算，计划
【教材原句】I began as a calculating machine in France in 1642.
1642年我在法国诞生时是一台计算机器。

(P18)
【例句研读】
Oil prices are calculated in dollars.油价以美元计算。

It's difficult to calculate what effect all these changes will have on the company.
很难估计这些变化将会给公司带来什么样的影响。

【归纳拓展】
①calculate sb./sth.doing sth.期待某人/某物会……
②calculated adj.精心策划的，蓄意的
be calculated to do sth.打算或计划做某事
It has been calculated that...据估算……
③calculating adj.精明的，精于算计的
④calculation n．计算
【即时巩固】
It's difficult to how much time the project will take.
A．count B．complete
C．calculate D． account
【答案】 C
考点4．type n．类型，种类，样式 v．打字
【教材原句】They had developed a new type of program just before the competition.(P23) 他们恰好在比赛前设计了一种新程序。

【例句研读】
Could you type this letter for me?
你能为我打这封信吗？
There are two types of rocks in this area.
这个地区有两种类型的岩石。

【归纳拓展】
a rare blood type罕见的血型
different racial types不同的人种
type up打印出来
【即时巩固】
(1)She mixes with ____________________ people.她和各种类型的人打交道。

(2)How fast can you ________________？
你打字有多快？
(3)This letter needs __________________ again.
这封信需要再打一遍。

【答案】(1)all types of(2)type(3)to be typed
考点5．arise vi. (arose, arisen)出现；发生；起身，起立
【教材原句】Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation arises.(P23)然后她把我在新情况下可能用得上的可靠动作也编制出程序。

【例句研读】
A new difficulty has arisen.新的困难出现了。

How did the quarrel arise？吵架是怎么发生的？
【归纳拓展】
arise vi. (arose, arisen)出现；发生；起身，起立
(1)“出现，开始，呈现”，多用抽象名词做主语。

(2)表示“起因于，由……产生”，通常用做arise from/put of。

(3)表“起身”之意，为正式或旧式用法。

【易混易错】
arise/rise/raise
不及物动词，意为“出现；发生”。

主语通常为抽象名词，一般表示
事情或问题的出现
不及物动词，意为“升起；上升”。

表示向更高的位置移动
及物动词，意为“使……上升；举起”
在他们进行实验的过程中，出现了意想不到的困难。

The river is rising after the rains.
几场雨后河水不断上涨。

She raised her finger to her lips as a sign for silence.
她把手指举到唇边，示意安静。

【即时巩固】
(1)I thought it would be easy, but a lot of problems have ________________.
我本来想事情会很容易，但是出现了许多问题。

(2)Accidents _____________________ carelessness.
事故由粗心大意引起。

(3)A heavy mist ______________ the lake.湖面起了浓雾。

(4)He _______________ his seat.他从座位上站起来。

【答案】(1)arisen(2)arise from(3)arose from(4)arose from
考点6．application n．应用，运用，申请，请求，申请表
【教材原句】Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.(P18)
自从20世纪70年代以来，我有了很多新的用途。

【例句研读】
A microcomputer has a wide range of applications for businesses.微(型)电脑在商业方面用途很广。

There were more than 300 applications for the six jobs.有300多人申请这6份工作。

【归纳拓展】
【即时巩固】
用apply的适当搭配及形式填空
①This book beginners.
②They permission to use the meeting room.
【答案】①applies to②applied for
重点短语精讲
考点1．have...in common与……有共同点；与……共有
【教材原句】In pairs discuss what they have in common.(P17)
结对讨论它们有什么共同之处。

【例句研读】
She finds Japanese has something in common with Chinese.她发现日语跟汉语有一些共同之处。

In common with many other countries in the world，China also celebrates Christmas Day every year.和世界上的很多其他的国家一样，中国每年也庆祝圣诞节。

To my surprise，I found I had a lot in common with this stranger.
令我吃惊的是，我发现自己和这个陌生人有许多共同点。

The two cultures have a lot in common.
这两种文化具有许多相同之处。

【归纳拓展】
【即时巩固】
完成句子
①I suddenly felt we (有很多共同点)．
② (和大部分年轻人一样) most of the young，he likes to listen to rock and roll.
【答案】①had much in common②In common with
考点2．as a result 结果；因此
【教材原句】As a result I totally changed my shape.(P18)
结果我的形状完全改变了。

【例句研读】
He didn't work hard；as a result he failed the exam.
他学习不努力，结果考试不及格。

He stayed up too late last night；as a result，he didn't get up on time today.
他昨晚熬夜了，结果今天没有按时起床。

He didn't get up on time today as a result of staying up too late last night.
他今天没有按时起床，原因是昨晚熬夜了。

【归纳拓展】
【即时巩固】
用as a result和as a result of填空
①由于锻炼，他已强身健体。

exercise，he has built up his body.
②由于条件太差，工人们离开了。

The conditions are poor；，the workers left.＝The workers left the poor conditions.
【答案】①As a result of②as a result；as a result of
完成句子
(1) Hard work ____________ success.
努力终归成功。

(2) Success _____________ hard work.成功来自于努力工作。

(3)He was ill. ____________________， he didn't go to school.他生病了。

因此，他没去上学。

(4)___________________________ his illness, he didn't go to school.由于生病，他没去上学。

【答案】(1) results in(2) results from(3) As a result(4) As a result of
考点3．in a way在某种程度上
【教材原句】In a way our programmer is like our coach.(P23)
从某种程度上看，我们的程序员就好比是我们的教练。

【例句研读】
In a way，I'm glad you made that mistake，for it will serve as warning to you.在某种程度上说，你犯那个错误我倒感到高兴，因为它可以为你敲一下警钟。

The car is in the way，causing the traffic jam.
小汽车挡路了，造成了交通阻塞。

In no way will I give in to him.
我决不向他屈服。

【归纳拓展】
on the way 在途中
on one’s way to...在某人去……的途中；即将成为……
give way (to) 让步，屈服
【即时巩固】
选择题
Mrs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always whenever she tries to.
A．in the way B．on watch
C．in sight D． on the line
【答案】 A
完成句子
(1)You are quite right __________________.从某一方面来讲，你完全正确。

(2)It’s surprising that so many people should go abroad _________________ Hong Kong.
竟然有这么多的人途经香港去国外，真让人吃惊。

(3)__________________ can we miss the chance that someone will be sent abroad for
further education.
我们决不能错过这个被派往国外深造的机会。

(4)Our employer will not ______________________ our demands for higher wages.
我们的雇主不会对我们增加工资的要求让步。

(5)Don’t stand ____________.不要妨碍别人。

【答案】(1)in a way(2)by way of(3)In no way (4)give way to(5)in the way
考点4. deal with处理、安排，对付；涉及；打交道
【教材原句】This means that it should clean the house，mop the floors，cook the dinner
and deal with telephone calls.(P24)这就意味着我的机器人应该打扫房子，拖地板，做饭
而且还可以接电话。

【例句研读】
He must deal with many difficulties.
他必须应对许多困难。

Her poems often deal with the subject of death.
她的诗经常涉及死亡这一主题。

I have dealt with this company for 20 years.
我跟这家公司做生意已有20年了。

【归纳拓展】
【即时巩固】
写出下列deal with的意思。

(1)There are too many difficulties for us to deal with.________ ____
(2)He has learnt to deal properly with all kinds of complicated situations._______________
(3)Deal with a man as he deals with you.___________
(4)This is a book dealing with Asian problems.______________________
【答案】(1)处理(2)应付(3)对付(4)关于；论及(5)与……往来/相处
考点5．watch over看守；监视；守护；照管
【教材原句】It should also watch over my naughty niece，who comes to my house very often.(P24)
它还应该照看我淘气的侄女，她经常来我家。

【例句研读】
She is watching over her sick child.
她在照料自己生病的孩子。

Watch out！There's a car coming.
注意！有辆车开过来了。

You have to watch out for fast traffic along here.
你得当心这里快速的车流。

【归纳拓展】
【即时巩固】
(1)They __________________ by three policemen.他们由三个警察看守着。

(2)She ____________ her chance to speak.她等机会发言。

(3)____________！ There is a car coming.注意！有车来了。

(4)_________________ the pickpockets！当心有扒手！
【答案】(1)were watched over(2)watched for(3)Watch out(4)Watch out for
考点6．give...away捐赠；赠送；分发；泄露秘密
【教材原句】The company has given its computers away to a local school.(P21)该公司向一所当地学校捐赠了电脑。

【例句研读】
He gave away most of his fortune to the poor.
他把大部分财产捐给了穷人。

They doubted whether the secret had been given away by one of their friends.
他们怀疑这个秘密已经被他们的一个朋友给泄露了。

【归纳拓展】
【即时巩固】
用适当的介、副词填空
①I'm afraid the kids will give the whole thing ．
②He has given to my view.
③My father has given smoking.
【答案】①away②in③up
经典句型剖析
考点1 before的用法
【教材原句】I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.(P18)我发展得很缓慢，大约两
百年后，查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。

【句法分析】本句中before 引导时间状语从句。

before引导时间状语从句时可以根据语境译作“过了……(时间)才……，还没来得及……就……，不知不觉就……”。

①“It was＋时间段＋before...”表示“过了多久
才……”。

从句常用一般过去时。

②“It was not long before...”意为“不久就……”。

从句常用一般过去时。

③“It will not be long before...”表示“不久就
会……”。

从句常用一般现在时。

④“It will be＋时间段＋before...”表示“要过多久
才……”。

从句常用一般现在时。

【例句研读】
It was a long time before I went to sleep last night.
昨天夜里过了很久我才睡着。

He had got in the train before I could say goodbye.
我还没来得及说再见，他已经上了火车。

It was three days before he came back.
过了三天他才回来。

It was not long before he got a rise in the company.
不久他在公司就升了职。

It will not be long before we get used to the new school life.不久我们就会习惯新的学校生活。

【考点聚焦】before的用法
【即时巩固】
完成句子
①不久，她就把一切都准备好了。

she got everything ready.
②我还没来得及说句话，他就冲出了房间。

，he had rushed out of the room.
【答案】①It was not long before②Before I could say a word
考点2 as引导的时间状语从句
【教材原句】As time went by，I was made smaller.(P18)
随着时间的推移，我被做得更小了。

【句法分析】句中as为连词，意为“随着”，引导时间状语从句。

【提示】as与with均可表示“随着”，但词性不同。

as是连词，引导时间状语从句；with 是介词，后接名词/代词＋分词构成with的复合结构。

①as用作从属连词，表示“既然，因为”，引导原因状语从句。

②as用作从属连词，表示“虽然”，引导让步状语从句，只用于倒装语序，即把作表语的形容词、名词或作状语的副词以及动词原形置于句首。

③as用作关系代词，引导定语从句，可放于句首、句中或句末。

【例句研读】
As time goes on，it's getting warmer and warmer.
随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖和了。

As housing price is going up fast，ordinary people find it harder to afford one.
＝With housing price going up fast，ordinary people find it harder to afford one.
随着房价的迅速攀升，普通人发现支付一套房子越来越难了。

As we're both tired，let's just grab a takeaway.
我们俩都累了，来吃点外卖食品吧。

Try as she might，Sue couldn't get the door open.
无论苏怎样努力，她就是打不开门。

【考点聚焦】as引导的时间状语从句
【即时巩固】
选择题
He smiled politely Mary apologized for her drunken friends.
A．as B． if
C．unless D． though
【答案】 A
完成句子
①随着时间的流逝，他已经改变了许多。

，he has changed a lot.
②管已经很疲惫了，学生们仍继续练习。

Tired ，the students went on practising.
【答案】①As time went by/W ith time going by ②as they were
考点3 so...that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句
【教材原句】Over time my memory has developed so much that，like an elephant，I never forget anything I have been told！(P18)随着时间的推移，我的记忆能力发展得如此之快，就像一头大象一样，从来不会忘记告诉我的任何事情！
【句法分析】so...that... 如此……以致……。

that 引导结果状语从句。

另外，such...that...也引导结果状语从句。

其结构形式为：
so＋adj./adv.
＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数
＋many/few＋可数名词复数
much/little＋不可数名词that 从句
such＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数
＋adj.＋可数名词复数
＋adj.＋不可数名词that 从句
拓展：(1)当 so.../such...位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。

So small was the mark that I could hardly see it.
那个标记非常小，我几乎看不见它。

(2)so...that...中的主句和从句的主语是同一个，that 从句也可改为 as to do 形式。

The old lady was so kind that she led me to the hospital.
＝The old lady was so kind as to lead me to the hospital.
这个老太太是那样好心，她把我领到了医院。

(3)so that 连在一起用，可引导结果状语从句，也可引导目的状语从句。

so that引导目的状语从句时，从句中常使用 can/could/may/might/will/would/should 等情态动词；引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用 can和 may等
词，在 so that前可以有逗号，意思是“因此；所以”。

He hurried up so that he could catch the train.
他匆匆赶路为的是赶上火车。

(对比：He hurried up so that he caught the train. 他匆匆赶路，结果赶上了火车。

)
【例句研读】
①She was so excited that she couldn't go to sleep.
她兴奋得睡不着觉。

②It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything.
(＝It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.)天气如此热，谁也不想干活。

③I made so many mistakes in the composition that the teacher criticized me.
我的作文中出了许多错误，老师批评了我。

【考点聚焦】so...that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句
【即时巩固】
(1)______about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.
A．So curious the couple was
B．So curious were the couple
C．How curious the couple were
D．The couple was such curious
【答案】B
(2)Most children need encouragement in time of failure ______ they can cheer up again. A．so that B．in case
C．because D．if
【答案】A
【解析】考查 so that 引导目的状语从句。

考点4 by the time 到……为止(引导时间状语从句，如果从句用一般过去时，则主句用过去完成时；如果从句用一般现在时，则主句用将来完成时)”
【教材原句】By the time I was sixteen，my dream had come true.(P20)到我16岁时，我的梦想已经成为现实。

【句法分析】by the time 到……为止(引导时间状语从句，如果从句用一般过去时，则主句用过去完成时；如果从句用一般现在时，则主句用将来完成时)
【例句研读】
By the time they get there，we will have finished the work.他们到那里时，我们已经把工作做完了。

By the time the soldiers arrived at the area，the number of the injured had risen to ten thousand.
当士兵们到达那个地区时，伤员已增至一万人。

【考点聚焦】by the time 到……为止
【即时巩固】
单句改错
①By the time we got there，the bus left.
②We will complete the task by the time they come here.
【答案】①left→had left②complete→have completed
考点5 省略句
【教材原句】She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while watching human games.(P23)
她把观看人类比赛时所看到的一切可能动作编入我们的程序。

【句法分析】此句为一个主从复合句。

句中while watching human games相当于while she is watching human games。

省略句的两大原则
①状语从句(when，while，if，unless，though，once等)的主语和主句的主语一致，或从句主语是it。

②从句中含有be动词。

结论：省略从句中的主语和be动词。

【提示】如果主、从句的主语不一致，从句不能省略，而应使用状语从句的完整形式。

There are so many cars that you should be careful while crossing the road.有那么多车辆，过马路时当心些。

Unless(it is)necessary，you'd better not refer to the dictionary.如果没有必要，你最好不要查字典。

【及时巩固】
选择题
Anyone，once positive for H7N9 flu virus，will receive free medical treatment from our government.
A．to be tested B． being tested
C．tested D． to test
【答案】 C
句型转换
①While I was walking along the street，I heard my name called.
→While along the street，I heard my name called.
②Even if I am invited，I won't go to the party.
→Even if ，I won't go to the party.
【答案】①walking②invited
考点6 of＋n.结构的用法
【教材原句】Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.
无论如何，我的目标是为人类提供高质量的生活。

【句法分析】of high quality在句中做定语，属于of＋n.结构。

这一结构相当于形容词，在句中可以做表语、定语或宾语补足语。

(1)of＋n.结构中的名词是抽象名词时，相当于其名词所对应的形容词的意思，说明被修饰词具有某种特征或属性。

常用的名词有：use, importance, help, value, interest, benefit 等。

这些名词前可用 great, no, little, some, any, not much 等修饰，以表示不同程度。

The camel is of great help to the Arab.(＝The camel is very helpful to the Arab.) 骆驼对阿拉伯人有很大帮助。

(2)of＋n.结构中的名词表种类、数量、度量等时，表示不同的人或物的共同特征，此时名词前通常有冠词。

常用的名词有：size, type, kind, price, height, depth, length, weight, age, shape, colour 等。

The two are of an age, but are of different height.
这两个人年龄相同，但身高不同。

(3)of＋n.结构还可以表示主语的根源关系，此时的名词多是表示亲属、血统、种族、国籍以及出处的名词，常用的名词有：family, blood, race, origin 等。

We are of the same blood. 我们是同一血统。

(4)of＋n.结构还可以表示人的特点、特性，常用of＋wealth/education/courage/achievement/ability 等。

Your sister is a girl of wisdom.
你妹妹是一位有智慧的女孩。

【及时巩固】
You will find this map of great ______ in helping you to get around London.
A．price B．cost C．value D．usefulness 【答案】C。