2015年职称英语新增文章含答案(综合类)

职称英语综合类A级考试真题及答案（2）2015职称英语综合类A级考试真题及答案第3部分：概括大意和完成句子(第23〜30题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23 ——26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题;(2)第27 ——30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

Teaching Is “One of the Least Popular Jobs in the UK”1 The UK government has just published a report on the future of secondary- school teaching (pupil aged 11-16)，and the conclusion of the report is that many secondary schools now face great difficulties in finding people who want to be teachers. Since the 1980s，the number of graduates who say they would “seriously consider” teaching as a career has fallen sharply, from 64% in 1982 to just 17% today. The report suggests that urgent action needs to be taken in order to encourage more intelligent young graduates into teaching.2 The main drawback of secondary teaching, according to the report, is the low salary, Earnings in teaching are much lower than in many other jobs, and this means that fewer and fewer, young people decide to be teachers. Joanne Manners, 24，is a good example: “I graduated in maths last year，and I was thinking of doing a teacher-training course to become a maths teacherbut when I looked into details, it became clear that teaching isn’t a very lucrative (赚钱的)job these days. I saw I could earn twice as much if I worked in marketing or advertising, and so I decided not to become a teacher•”3 It’s not just about the money, however. The survey concluded that another reason why people don’t want to beteachers is that some teenagers behave very badly in school. A lot of schools have problems with discipline, and it seems clear that children do not have the same respect for teachers as in the past. Here’s the view of Dave Hallam，an accountant from London: “I think parents are to blame. They should have stricter rules with their children at home and also teach their children to have more respect for teachers.”4 “I love teaching; it’s my passion. I’ve been a secondary-school teacher of Spanish for ten years now, and although it’s a very demanding job, it’s very satisfying. When I see my students passing their Spanish exams, or singing along to Spanish pop songs, it makes me feel so proud,” says Brian Jones, who works in a secondary school in London. So what does he think the government should do to encourage more people to become teachers? “My view is that the government should reduce the burden of work on teachers. I find that I always have too much work to do.”5 The report is clear that the problem of teacher shortage isa very serious one. It says that the government should raise teachers’ pay significantly, to catch up with workers in other professions. It also suggests that the government could launch a nationwide publicity campaign, with some advertisements on TV and in the newspapers, to show the positive sides of teaching to young people. Another solution could be set a maximum number of hours per week that teachers can work, in order to reduce stress on teachers. “HopefUlly，” the report concludes, “these solutions can improve the poor image of secondary teaching, and increase the number of young people who want to become teachers in the fliture.”22. Paragraph 123. Paragraph 224. Paragraph 325. Paragraph 4A. A nationwide publicity campaignB . Heavy workload on teachersC. Students，bad behavior and lack of discipline D • Improvement of children behaviorE. A report on teacher shortageF. The problem of low salary26. More and more young people are held back from teaching28. Parents are encouraged to back the teacher up when there are29. The government should reduce the workload on teachers to ease30. The government should promote teaching as a career by advertisingA. because of it low payB .their stressC. its benefitsD their childhood memoriesE. discipline problemsF.more training第4部分：阅读理解(第31〜45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

职称英语综合类A级考试真题及答案（2）2015年职称英语综合类A级考试真题及答案第4部分：阅读理解(第31〜45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇What’s killing the BatsFirst it was bees. Now it is bats. Biologists in America are working hard to discover the cause of the mysterious deaths of tens of thousands of bats in the northeastern part of the country. Most of the bats affected are the common little brown bats (Myotis lucifiigus，)but other species, such as the long-eared bat, the small-footed bat，the eastern pipistrelle, and the Indiana bat have also been affected. In some caves, more than 90 percent of the bat populations have died.One possibility is disease. A white fungus (真菌)known as fusarium has been found on the noses of both living and dead bats. However, scientists don’t know if the fungus is the primary cause of death, a secondary cause of death，or not a cause at all, but the result of some other conditions.Another possible cause is a lack of food. For example, bats typically eat a large number of moths (蛾)，and in some states such as New York, the number of moths has been declining in recent years. If bats can’t eat enough food, they starve to death.Still other scientists believe that global wanning is to blame. Warmer temperatures in recent years have been walking up hibernating (冬目民)bats earlier than usual. If bats break their hibernation at the wrong time, they might not find their expected food sources. The weather might also turn cold again and weaken or kill the bats.Scientists might not agree on the causes of the bat die-off，but they do agree on the consequences. Bats are an important predator of mosquitoes; a single brown bat can eat 1,000 or more insects in an hour. They also eat beetles and other insects that damage plant crops. If there aren’t enough bats, damage will be great from the insects they eat while bats live a long time for their size---the little brown bat can live for more than 30 years---a female bat has only one baby per year, so bat populations grow slowly. Many bat species in the United States are already protected or endangered.How can you help? Do not disturb sleeping or nesting bats. If you discover bats that seem to be sick or that are dead, contact your lock Fish&Wildlife Department with the details. However, be careful not to touch the animals.29. what is the main idea of this passage?A. All species of bats in North America are dying.B. Scientists already know the cause of the deaths of batsC. The bat deaths are a serious problemD. There are many possible causes of the deaths of bats.30. What does the first sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Bees have been dying mysteriouslyB. The first article on the website is about bees.C. Bees usually die before batsD. It was bees that caused the deaths of bats.31. The word “pipistrelle” in Paragraph I refers toA. a kind of ftmgusB. an area in the U.S.C. a special caveD. a kind of bat32. The “moths” in Paragraph 3 are taken as an example ofA. disease that kill batsB. insects that bats eatC. animals that have diseasesD. bat species that are starving to death33. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?A. to get people to stop killing batsB. to hire workers for the Fish&Wildlife DepartmentC. to ask people not to touch dead batsD. to tell the public how to help bats.第二篇Is There a Way to Keep Britain’s Economy Growing?In today’s knowledge economy，nations survive on the things they do best. Japanese design electronics while Germens export engineering techniques. The French serve the best food and Americans make computers.Britain specializes in the gift of talking. The nation doesn't manufacture much of anything. But it has lawyers, stylists and business consultants who earn their living from talk, talk and more talk. The World Foundation think tank1 says the UKfs four iconic jobs today are not scientists, engineers, teachers and nurses. Instead, they're hairdressers, celebrities, management consultants and managers. But can all this talking keep the British economy going? The British government thinks it can.Although the country’s trade deficit was more than £ 60 billion in 2006，UK's largest in the postwar period, officials say the country has nothing to worry about. In fact, Britain does have a world-class pharmaceutical industry, and it still makes a small sum from selling arms abroad. It also trades services —accountancy, insurance, banking and advertising. The government believes Britain is on the cutting edge2 of the knowledge economy. After all, the country of Shakespeare andWordsworth has a literary tradition of which to be proud. Rock “n” roll3 is an English language medium, and there are billions to be made by their cutting-edge bands. In other words, the creative economy has plenty of strength to carry the British economy.However, creative industries account for only about 4 percent of UICs exports of goods and services. The industries are finding it hard to make a profit，according to a report of the National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts. The report shows only 38 percent of British companies were engaged in "innovation activities' 3 percentage points below the EU average and well below Germany (61 percent) and Sweden (47 percent).In fact，it might be better to call Britain a nservantM economy — there are at least 4 million people "in service". The majority of the population are employed by the rich to cook, clean, and take care of their children. Many graduates are even doing menial jobs for which they do not need a degree. Most employment growth has been, and will continue to be, at the low-skill end of the service sector 一in shops, bars，hotels，domestic service and in nursing and care homes.34. According to the World Foundation think tank, one of the iconic jobs in Britain today isA. law makersB. home servantsC. school teachersD. business consultants.35. The phrase “the cutting edge” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning toA. the most popularB. the mos丈 advancedC. the most politicalD. the proudest36. The officials are not worried about the trade deficit in 2006，because they believeA. Britain is on the cutting edge of the knowledge economy.B. Britain is home to the largest pharmaceutical industry in the world.C. the literary tradition of Britain will help make billions of pounds.D. the world economy is strong enough to carry the British economy.37. Which of the following is true about the creative industries in Britain?A. They are not doing as well as those in other European nations.B. They contribute a lot to the country’s trade d eficit.C. They can’t make a profit out of their innovative activities.D. They make Britain on the cutting edge of the knowledge economy.38. It can be inferred from the passage thatA. the gift of talking can keep the British economy growing.B. the British economy is the least innovative one in the EU.C. the British government is over-confident in its economy.D. being a servant to the rich is one of the best jobs in Britain.第三篇 The Sandwich GenerationToday people often look forward to their middle age as a time when they will be able to take things easier. After their children are grown，they expect to enjoy the life they have worked hard to create. However the reality is often very different.In middle age，many people discover that they have two ongoing responsibilities1: one is to look after their aging parents, and the other is to help their young adult children deal with the pressures of life. Around the world, there are millions of people who are “sandwiched” in between the older and the younger generations. Sometimes there may be two or three generations living in the same household — a situation that is common in many Asian countries and in some parts of Europe. In other cases, a couple may be taking care of parents and children, but they do not live with them.There are two important reasons for the rise of the sandwich generation. First, people are living longer than they used to. In the early nineteenth century, the average life expectancy for adults in the United States，for example, was about 40，whereas today people live to an average age of 75. Therefore, children are taking care of their parents over a longer period of time. The second reason is that these days, young adults often live with their parents for a longer time than they did in the past. This is often for financial reasons. It’s also more common for today’s young adults to return home during or after college if they need financial or emotional support.Young adults feel sandwiched between their financial responsibilities and their desire to enjoy life. They may have to cover expenses that their parents cannot. They may have to manage their parents’ financial and legal affairs. They may have to prepare for their parents’ future needs, such as special medical care or a move to a nursing home. This can be a traumatic experience for everyone.Caring for adult children presents challenges as well, and caregivers have to resolve important questions; How canfinancial responsibilities be shared among members of the household? How can household chores be shared? What is the best way to ensure everyone’s privacy? Successfully coping with these issues can avoid a lot of stress for the whole family.The financial and emotional pressures on the sandwich generation can be overwhelming. However, this time in life also has its rewards. It can be a time to rediscover the special qualities of one’s parents or children. It can also provide a valuable opportunity to spend more time with them. However，in order to survive this difficult period in their lives，the members of the sandwich generation must remember that they also need to pay attention to their own needs and look after the quality of their own lives. They can’t be totally selfless.39. According to the first paragraph, many people in middle ageA. are able to take things easier when their children are grown.B. can’t enjoy their life as they have expectedC. can’t enjoy their life because they haven’t worked hard enough.D. are facing great pressure from their work.40. Which is true about the sandwich generation?A. Their parents are unable to take care of themselves.B. Their parents are often facing the pressures of life.C. They are tom between the responsibilities for their parents and children.D. They all have to live with their parents and children.41. Why do some young adults choose to live with their parents these days?A. They are too young to be independent from their parents.B. They want to help their parents to take care of their aging grandparents.C. They need support from their parents to deal with their financial problems.D. They are more emotional than the young adults in the past.42. The sandwich generation face the following challenges EXCEPTA. sharing household choresB . ensuring everyone，s privacyC. shouldering the financial responsibilities of the householdD. determining who is the caregiver of the family43. To survive the difficult period in their lives，the sandwich generation need toA. be totally selflessB. consider their own wellbeingC. rediscover the merits of their childrenD. value the time spent with their parents.下载文档。

2015职称英语综合类C真题及答案(完整版)第1部分：词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词语或短语画有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1 Railways are the most important mode of transport for the economy.A wayB factorC objectiveD source2 The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison.A messageB punishmentC guiltD obligation3 He said some harsh words about his brother.A properB normalC unclearD unkind4 I am going as a favor to Ann because I have to.A partnerB helpC driveD guide5 We need to identify the potential problem.A manB possibleC immediateD common6 When did you first encounter these difficulties?A createB experienceC presentD resolve7 Don’t tempt thieves by leaving valuable clearly visible.A attractB alarmC catchD spot8 There is a need for radical changes in education.A long-termB short-termC revolutionaryD systematic9 Under the terms of the contract, you must give 3 months’ notice before you leave.A rulesB subjectsC expressionsD words10 I realize to my horror that I had forgotten the present.A limitB fearC powerD fool11 It frustrates me that I’m not able to put any of my ideas into practical.A showsB surprisesC frightensD discourages12 The weather last summer was awful.A fairB dryC badD hot13 The doctors did not reveal the truth to him.A discloseB hideC handleD establish14 My piano playing has improved significantly since I had a new teacher.A definitelyB generallyC certainlyD greatly15 He tries to assemble his thoughts.A gatherB clearC shareD spare第2部分: 阅读判断(第16~22题,每题1分,共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A: 如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B; 如果该句的信息问中没有提及，请选择C。

2015年职称英语考试新增综合类B3、综合B阅读理解新增文章第二十四篇The Romance of ArthurMost cultures have some sort of hero who represents the best values of what its people believe in.The unusual thing about King Arthur is that legends of his heroism have persisted for several centuries and spread far beyond England,the place where they began.The earliest stories of King Arthur represent him as a warrior who fought and subdued the invading Norsemen in the years around A.D.700.This much of the Arthurian tale1is probably based on fact.Whether called Arthur or not,there is a body of evidence supporting the existence of such a warrior.It is the later embellishments of the tale whose authenticity is questionable.According to these,Arthur was born in a castle in Tintagel on the stormy western coast of England and because he was the illegitimate son of King Uther Pendragon,he was spirited away by2the magician Merlin and his true identity kept from him.He became king after freeing the sword Excalibur from the stone into which it was thrust.He married the beautiful Guinevere and assembled in his court all the noblest knights of the land,including Lancelot,with whom Guinevere would later be unfaithful to him.He was finally defeated in battle by his illegitimate son Mordred,and his body was spirited away to the isle of Avalon.This romantic tale greatly appealed to the English and the French in the Middle Ages,when the code of chivalry-ideal qualities of knighthood-constituted an important part of many stories.Tales of the heroism of Galahad,Percival,Gawain,and many other of Arthur's knights were circulated as well.In England today,there are many sites claiming a piece of the Arthurian an legend.There is a mined castle at Tintagel.Near Glastonbury are the remains of an ancient abbey where Arthur’s and Guinevere's bodies were supposedly exhumed in the12th century.Neither of these proves that the legend is true,but they do keep its mystique alive.词汇：Arthur n.亚瑟（中世纪传奇故事中的不列颠国王，圆桌骑士团的首领）authenticity n.可靠性，真实性spirit v.偷偷地带走；拐走；绑架chivalry n.骑士subdue v.制服，慑服embellishment n.美化，修饰mystique n.神秘气氛warrior n.战士，勇士注释1.This much of the Arthurian tale……：许多这类亚瑟王的故事2....was spirited away by……被偷偷地带走……练习1.King Arthur’s father was______ncelotB.AvalonC.MordredD.Uther Pendragon2.The writer seems to feel that the truth about Arthur is that he______.A.ExistedB.was married to GuinevereC.had many knightsD.was born at Tintagael3.The information in the second paragraph is mostly presented in______.A.spatial orderB.order from latest to earliestC.order from earliest to latestD.order from least persuasive4.In the last paragraph the word“exhumed”means_____A.dug up from the graveB.BuriedC.quarreled overD.built a church around5.Another good title for this passage would be______A.Kings in the Seventh CenturyB.The Knights of the Round TableC.Real or Legend?D.Arthur’s Marriage to Guinevere.参考译文：亚瑟的创奇很多文化都有某类能代表他们民族深信的价值观的英雄。

1.The news will horrify everyone. A.attract B.terrify C.tempt D.excite 2.The article sketched the major events of the decade. A.described B.offered C.outlined D.presented 3.I won’t tolerate that kind of behavior. A.bear B.receive C.admit D.take 4.Their style of playing football is utterly different. A.barely B.scarcely C.hardly D.totally 5.Her sister urged her to apply for the job. A.advised B。

caused C.forced D.promised 6 I had some difficulty in carrying out the plan. A making B keeping C implementing D changing 7 Mr. Johnson evidently regarded this as a great joke. A readily B casually 8 We all think that Mary's husband is a very boring person. A shy B stupid C selfish D dull 9 The workers in that factory manufacture furniture. A promote B paint C polish D produce 10 they only have a limited amount of time to get their points across. A large B total C similar D small 11. During the Second World War, all important resources in the U. S. were allocated by the federal government. A nationalized B commandeered C taxed D distributed 12. The little boy was so fascinated by the mighty river that he would spend hours sitting on its bank and gazing at the passing boats and rafts. A very strong B very long C very great D very fast 13. The stories of Sarah Orne Jewett are considered by many to be more authentically regional than those of Bret Harte. A elegantly B genuinely C intentionally D thoroughly 14. The number of the United States citizens who are eligible to vote continues to increase. A encouraged B enforced 15. Formulated in 1823, the Monroe Doctrine asserted that the Americas were no longer open to European colonization, A stated firmly B argued light-mindedly C thought seriously D announced regrettably 1-5 BCADA 6-10CDDDD 11-15DABDA阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分) 阅读下⾯这篇短⽂，短⽂后列出了7个句⼦，请根据短⽂的内容对每个句⼦做出判断。

2015年职称英语考试综合类（C）级试题及答案解析(1/15)词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第1题The weather last summer was awful.A.badB.fairC.dryD.hot下一题(2/15)词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第2题The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison.A.messageB.guiltC.obligationD.punishment上一题下一题(3/15)词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第3题My piano playing has improved significantly since I had a new teacher.A.definitelyB.generallyC.certainlyD.gready上一题下一题(4/15)词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第4题There is a need for radical changes in education.A.revolutionaryB.long-termC.short-termD.systematic上一题下一题(5/15)词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

The National Trust国家托管委员会The National Trust in Britain plays an increasingly important part in the preservation for public enjoyment of the best that is left unspoiled of the British countryside.Although the Trust has received practical and moral support from the Government,it is not a rich Government department.It is a voluntary association of people who care for the unspoiled countryside and historic buildings of Britain.It is a charity which depends for its existence on voluntary support from members of the public'.Its primary duty is to protect places of great natural beauty and places of historical interest.英国的国家托管委员会在保持未被破坏的英国乡村遗迹，使民众得以最大限度地享用它们的方面扮演着越来越重要的角色。

尽管托管委员会得到了政府物质上和精神上的支持，但它并不是财大气粗的政府部门。

它是由关心英国乡村遗迹和古建筑物的人们自发组成的一个慈善团体，靠公众中的自发性捐款维持运作。

它最基本的任务是保护自然风景区和具有历史意义的名胜古迹。

The attention of the public was first drawn to the dangers threatening the great old houses and castles of Britain by the death of Lord Lothian,who left his great seventeenth-centuryhouse to the Trust together with the4500-acre park and estate surrounding it.This gift attracted wide publicity and started the Trust's"Country House Scheme”.Under this scheme,with the help of the Government and the general public,the Trust has been able to save and make accessible to the public about one hundred and fifty of these old st year about one and three quarters of a million people paid to visit these historic houses,usually at a very small charge.最早引起公众关注是在洛锡安勋爵去世后，他把一座17世纪时的房屋及其周围4500英亩的公园和地产留给托管委员会。

How we form first impression我们是如何形成第一印象的We all have first impression of someone we just met.But why? Why do we form an opinion about someone without really knowing anything about him or her–aside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits?对刚刚遇到的人我们都会有第一印象，为什么？除去一些描述或显而易见的特征，我们很可能对他们一无所知，那为什么我们他们形成主观的看法呢？The answer is related to how your brain allows you to be aware of the world.Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits,even very minor difference in a how a person’s eyes, ears,nose,or mouth are placed in relation to each other make you see him or her as different.In fact,your brain continuously processes incoming sensory information–the sights and sounds of your world.Theses incoming“signals”are compared against a host of“memories”stored in the brain areas called the cortex（大脑皮层）system to determine what these new signals“mean”.这与你的大脑如何感知世界是息息相关的。

The Making of Success StoryIKEA is the world's largest furniture retailer,and the man behind it is Ingvar Kamprad,one of the world's most successful entrepreneurs.Born in Sweden in1926,Kamprad was a natural businessman.As a child,he enjoyed selling things and made small profits from selling matches,seeds,and pencils in his community.When Kamprad was17,his father gave him some money as a reward for his good grades.Naturally he used it to start up a business——IKEA.宜家是世界上最大的家具零售商，这个公司背后的IK是世界上最成功的企业家之一。

IK1926年出生在瑞典。

他可以说是一个天生的商人。

当他还是个孩子的时候就喜欢在社区里兜售物品，并且从出售诸如火柴、种子和铅笔中挣点小钱。

当他17岁的时候，由于成绩出色，他的父亲给了他一些钱作为奖励。

他很自然地就用来开始他的生意——宜家。

IKEA's name comes from Kamprad's initials(I.K.)and the place where he grew up('E'and'A').Today IKEA is known for its modern,minimalist furniture,but it was not a furniture company in the beginning.Rather,IKEA sold all kinds of miscellaneous goods.Kamprad's wares included anything that hecould sell for profits at discounted prices,including watches, pens and stockings.宜家的名字来源于他的名字的首字母和他长大的地方。

Real World Robots现实世界中的机器人When you think of a robot, do you envision a shiny, metallic device having the same general shape as a human being, performing humanlike functions, and responding to your questions in a monotone voice accentuated by high-pitched tones and beeps? This is the way many of us imagine a robot, but in the real world, a robot is not humanoid at all. Instead a robot often is a voiceless, box-shaped machine that efficiently carries out当你想到一个机器人，你想像的有光泽，具有相同的一般形状的金属装置，作为一个人类，执行人的功能，在一个单调的声音高亢的音调的声音加重你的问题的回应？这是许多我们想象一个机器人，但是在现实世界中，一个机器人都不是人形。

取而代之的是一个机器人往往是无声的，箱型机，有效地进行repetitive or dangerous functions usually performed by humans.重复的或危险的通常是由人执行的功能。

Today’s robot is more than an automatic machine that performs one task again and again. A modern robot is programmed with varying degrees of artificial intelligence—that is, a robot contains a computer program that tells it how to perform tasks associated with human intelligence, such as reasoning,drawing conclusions, and learning from past experience. A robot does not possess a human shape for the simple reason that a two-legged robot has great difficulty remaining balanced. A robot does, however, move from place to place on wheels and axles that roll and rotate. A今天的机器人是一个自动的机器，执行一个任务，一次又一次。

2015年全国职称英语等级考试综合类（A级）试题及答案2015年全国职称英语等级考试综合类(A级)试题第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1 It was unfortunate that she had erased the message.A heard ofB rubbed outC looked atD spoken out2 He came back home, weary and fatigued.A exhaustedB scaredC worriedD frightened3 The woman living next door is extremely slender.A slimB tallC weakD pale4 Your accusation is wholly without foundation.A almostB probablyC evidentlyD completely5 He was obsessed with American horror movies.A kept thinking aboutB took advantage ofC paid no attention toD cared nothing about6 I have to apologize for my abrupt departure yesterday.A lateB suddenC unfriendlyD untold7 I think she made a blunder by announcing it ahead of time.A decisionB mistakeC promiseD plan8 Some astronomers contend that the universe may be younger than previously believedA predictB thinkC suggestD argue9 My room is really very cosy.A coolB coldC cleanD comfortable10 She is a lovely and gracious woman.A curiousB courteousC quietD shy11 He never grumbled about working overtime.A complainedB talkedC wroteD spoke12 She hugged me like an old friend and invited me to dinner the next day.A heldB embracedC kissedD patted13 Different hypotheses have been put forward to explain why UFOs exist.A sentencesB commentsC theoriesD conclusions14 I must apologize for my outrageous behavior.A courageousB angryC greedyD glorious15 To start with, we need to decide who will preside over the meeting.A attendB celebrateC chairD prepare第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题l分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

2015年(职称英语考试C 级)综合类真题(后附答案)1.His heart gave a sudden leap when he sawher.A.hopeB.jumpC.silenceD.life答案：B2.Several windows had been smashed.A.cleanedB.replacedC.brokenD.fixed答案：C3.The AIDS convention will be held inGlasgow.A.partyB.conferenceC.celebrationD.union答案：B4.My principal concern is to get the jobdone fast.A.mainB.seriousC.deepD.particular答案：A5.I ’m sure I ’ll able to amuse myself fora few hours.A.treatB.holdC.entertainD.keep答案：C6.Take some spare clothes in case you getwet.A.extraB.fineC.winterD.outdoor答案：A7.The new service helped boost pre-taxprofits by 10%.A.proveB.considerC.increaseD.double答案：C8.They are trying to identify what iswrong with the present system.A.proveB.considerC.discoverD.imagine答案：C9.He made a number of rude remarksabout the food.A.signsB.mannersC.noisesments答案：Dck of space forbids furthertreatment of the topic here.A.preventsB.receivesC.deserversD.accepts答案：A11.The worst agonies of the war werenow beginning.A.partsB.painsC.aspectsD.results答案：B12.His knowledge of French is fair.A.quite goodB.very usefulC.very limitedD.rather special答案：C13.The book raised a storm ofcontroversy.A.damageB.voiceC.argumentD.doubt 答案：D 14.Afterwards there was just a feeling oflet-down.A.excitementB.angerC.calmD.disappointment 答案：D 15.Some comments are just invitingtrouble.A.keeping out ofB.getting intoC.asking forD.suffering from答案：B第二部分：阅读判断下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C 。

2015年职称英语考试综合新增（答案及译文）1、综合C阅读判断新增文章第三篇Across the DesertsThe Sahara Desert is the largest desert in the world. It stretches across Africa from Senegal to Egypt. The Sahara Desert is an unfriendly environment. During the day it's very hot, and at night it’s sometimes very cold. It is also difficult to find water in the Sahara.In 2006, Kevin Lin, Ray Zahab, and Charlie Engle decided to do something very difficult. They made the decision to run across the Sahara Desert 4,300 miles (6,920km). It seemed impossible to do, but they wanted to try. The three men liked to test themselves, and this would be a very big test.On the morning of November 2, Kevin, Ray, and Charlie started their trip across the Sahara. Every morning they began running at 5:00. At11 a.m. they stopped and rested until 5 p.m. Then they ran again until 9:30 in the evening. Each day they ran about 40 miles (64 km). Every day it was the same thing. They got up and ran. They listened to music on their iPods, and they ran and ran.Kevin, Ray, and Charlie needed to eat a lot of food during their trip. Most people need about 2,000 calories of food each day. Kevin, Ray, and Charlie needed between 6,000 and 9,000 calories every day. That's a lot of food! They also needed to drink a lot of water.The three men had some problems on their trip, and many times they wanted to quit and go home. It was often very hot (140°F/60°C) during the day, and the heat made them sick. Their legs and feet hurt. Sometimes it was very windy, and they couldn't see. One time they got lost. But they didn't quit. After 111 days, Kevin, Ray; and Charlie successfully finished their trip across the Sahara Desert. They hugged each other and put their hands in the water of the Red Sea. Then they ran to a hotel to take a long shower.词汇：stretch v. 延伸，伸展calorie n. 卡(路里)，小卡，大卡quit v. 停止，放注释：1. ... made the decision to run across ...：......决正跑步横跨......练习：1. It’s not always hot m the Sahara Desert.A. RightB. WrongC. mentioned2. Each day the men ran for approximately eight hours.A. RightB. WrongC. mentioned3. In the middle of the day: the men usually stopped running.A. RightB. WrongC. mentioned4. They sometimes felt sick because it was so hot.A. RightB. WrongC. mentioned5. Sometimes they couldn't see the road because it was windy.A. RightB. WrongC. mentioned6. Luckily, they never got lost.A. RightB. WrongC. mentioned7. On their trip across the desert: the three men ran through five countries.A. RightB. WrongC. mentioned答案与题解：1. A文中提到撒哈拉沙漠白天很热晚上有时很冷，所以不是总是很热。

2015 年职称英语考试新增卫生类 5 篇文章汇总（全）1、卫生A 阅读判断新增文章第十二篇Inquest told of hospital errorA HOSPITAL error left a dying man on the wrong ward for two days as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) ravaged his body, an inquest heard. Stephen Melvin Newbold suffered massive brain damage when a blood clot formed in his veins. Now his families are considering legal action against York Hospital, saying that his death was “un timely and unnecessar y”.Mr Newbold, a 52-year-old maintenance worker, went to York Hospital on November 3 complaining of a swollen right foot. He should have been sent to a surgical ward where he would have been treated with1 Fragmin, a drug which counters the effects of DVT. However, hospital staff wrongly admitted him to2 an orthopedic ward, where he stayed for two days, before finally being transferred to the care of a consultant vascular surgeon. Twenty-four hours later, on November 6, doctors decided they would have to operate to remove his leg below the knee.The operation went ahead on November lO,but two days later Mr Newbold suffered a cardiac arrest. A scan revealed he had had a pulmonary embolism,a condition related to DVT. Mr. Newbold suffered brain damage and died in the hospital on November 16.Giving evidence, the surgeon said he could not explain why Mr Newbold had been admitted to an orthopedic ward where it was not policy to administer Fragmin. He did not know why his medical team had not given Mr. Newbold the drug later.York coroner Donald Coverdale said, ‘From November 3 until the day of the operation, no Fragmin was given to Mr Newbold. Lf he had been admitted to a consultant vascular surgeon’s care from day one, it is clear that Fragmin would have been prescribed. Fragmin reduces the risk of DVT, but does not eliminate it. It is impossible to say whether Mr Newbold would have suffered this DVT if he had received the Fragmin.’He recorded a verdict of death by misadventure.Kim Daniells, Mr Newbold’s family’s lawyer, said, ‘ The family hope that the hospital will learn from the errors, and that no other families will have to suffer in the future. ‘A spokeswoman for York Hospital’s NHS Trust said, ‘ We would like to extend our sincere sympathies to the family of Stephen Newbold during this difficult time.’词汇：ward n.病房vein n.血管thrombosis n.血栓clot n.凝块maintenance n.维修，维护Fragmin n.法安明（又名片段化蛋白）staff n.员工；职工consultant n.顾问，咨询，会诊医师surgeon n.心血管外科顾问knee n.膝盖embolism n.栓塞；栓塞形成verdict n.裁决misadventure n.灾难，不幸遭遇，意外事故sympathy n.同情注释：1．be treated with...被用......药物进行治疗2．be admitted to...被收容至，被移送至(本文中是“被送至病房”)练习：1．The patient was admitted with an injured foot.A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned2. The patient was admitted to the surgical ward.A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned3. The patient did not get the correct medication.A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned4. The patient died before he could be operated on.A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned5. The patient died of brain damage.A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned6. It was decided that the patient’s death had been an accident.A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned7. Mr Newbold’s family’s lawyer was not qualified.A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned答案与题解：1．A 从文中第二段的第一句话可以看出，病人是因为感觉右脚胀痛而去医院的(a swollen right foot)，而从文章第二段的第三行最后一句话(However, hospital staff. .)可以看出毛他是被医院容留住院了，只不过是去错了病房。

2015年职称英语综合类理工类B级新增文章：The Romance of Arthur第二十四篇 The Romance of ArthurMost cultures have some sort of hero whorepresents the best values of what its people believe in. The unusual thingabout King Arthur is that legend s of his heroism have persisted for severalcenturies and spread far beyond England, the place where they began. The earliest stories of King Arthur represent himas a warrior who fought and subdued the invading Norsemen in the years aroundA. D. 700. This much of the Arthurian tale is probably based on fact. Whethercalled Arthur or not, there is a body of evidence supporting the existence ofsuch a warrior. It is the later embellishments of the tale whose authenticityis questionable. According to these, Arthur was born in a castle in Tintagel onthe stormy western coast of England and because he was the illegitimate son ofKing Uther Pendragon, he was spirited away by the magician Merlin and his trueidentity kept from him. He became king after freeing the sword Excalibur fromthe stone into which it was thrust. He married the beautiful Guinevere andassembled in his court all the noblest knights of the land, including Lancelot,with whom Guinevere would later be unfaithful to him. He was finally defeatedin battle by his illegitimate son Mordred, and his body was spirited away tothe isle of A Valon. This romantic tale greatly appealed to the Englishand the French in the Middle Ages, when the code of chivalry-ideal qualities ofknighthood-constituted an important part of many stories. Tales of the heroismof Galahad, Percival, Gawain, and many other of Arthur's knights werecirculated as well. In England today, there are many sites claiming apiece of the Arthurian an legend. There is a mined castle at Tintagel. NearGlastonbury are the remains of an ancient abbey where Arthur’s and Guinevere'sbodies were supposedly exhumed in the 12th century. Neither of these provesthat the legend is true, but they do keep its mystique alive.P>词汇： Arthurn.亚瑟（中世纪传奇故事中的不列颠国王，圆桌骑士团的首领）authenticityn.可靠性，真实性 spiritv.偷偷地带走；拐走；绑架 warriorn. 战士，勇士chivalryn. 骑士 subduev. 制服，慑服 embellishmentn. 美化，修饰 mystiquen. 神秘气氛注释： 1. This much of theArthurian tale……：许多这类亚瑟王的故事 2. ...was spirited awayby ……被偷偷地带走……练习： 1. King Arthur’s famer was ______ A. Lancelot B. Avalon C. Mordred D. Uther Pendragon 2. The writer seems to feel that the truth aboutArthur is that he ______.A. existedB. was married to GuinevereC. had many knightsD. was born at Tintagael3. The information in the second paragraph ismostly presented in ______. A. spatialorder B. order from latest to earliest C. order from earliest to latest D. order from least persuasive 4. In the last paragraph the word “exhumed” means_____ A. dug up from the grave B. buried C. quarreled over D. built a church around 5. Another good title for this passage would be ______ A. Kings in the Seventh Century B. The Knights of the Round Table C. Real or Legend? D. Arthur’s Marriage to Guinevere.。

2015年全国职称英语考试卫生类类新增文章汇总word版全网独一份注：押题皇后王霞老师授意，新增文章仍然是考试热门文章，务必掌握。

2015年职称英语教材卫生类的变动比较小，一共只有5篇新增文章。

2015年职称英语教材卫生类新增的5篇文章，分布在阅读判断、阅读理解和补全短文：阅读判断综合A新增一篇文章；阅读理解卫生C新增一篇文章；补全短文卫生A、B和C各新增一篇文章。

完形填空卫生类整体都没有新增文章。

2015年卫生类职称英语教材新增文章的对比目录如下：旧文章新增文章卫生C 阅读理解第五篇：U.S. Eats Too Much Salt第五篇：Tracking Down HIV补全短文第二篇：Bedwetting第二篇：The Hope Children’sHospice卫生B 补全短文第七篇：Reinventing the Table第七篇：Powering Napping isGood for the I.Q卫生A 阅读判断第十二篇：First Self-contained HeartImplanted第十二篇：Inquest told ofhospital error补全短文第十二篇 More Efforts Urged toEmpower Women at AIDSConference第十二篇：The enemy Within卫生A补全短文新增文章+第十二篇The Enemy WithinAllergy has become more and more common over the last 30 years. Now one-third of us are affected by allergy at some point in our lives and half of these sufferers are children. In the UK, three million people suffer from asthma,and five per cent of children suffer from food allergy.Allergy is a reaction that occurs when the immune system has a strange and unnecessary reaction to a substance which is normally harmless, such as pollen or peanuts. ____1____ To defend your body against an attacker, the immune system remembers these dangerousmicro-organisms and attacks them if it meets them again. This work is done by antibodies. The immune system in allergy sufferers makes antibodies against harmless substances, because it mistakenly believes them to be dangerous.An allergic reaction may not happen the first time a sufferer meets an allergen (the substance causing the reaction,such as pollen,milk or strawberries). Sometimes people can eat nuts for years and then suddenly become allergic to them. What has happened is that the immune system has now decided the substance is dangerous and has made an allergy antibody. This antibody then attaches itself to cells, which contain histamine. ____2____As they do that, the surface of the cells is broken, and histamine is released. The histamine and other chemicals inflame the tissues. This leads to thesymptoms of allergy, such as swelling, rashes, sneezing, sore eyes and breathlessness. Anaphylaxis is the most severe allergic reaction of all and is most often triggered by wasp or bee stings or peanuts. This must be treated immediately.____3____ Some people are born with the ability to make lots of allergy antibodies, and they are more likely to develop allergies and allergic disorders such as hay fever and asthma.____4____ We eat more processed foods, with a wide range of additives and colourings; more and more people have central heating and double glazing, making our houses warmer and less draughty-an ideal environment to breed the house dust mite.There may also be a link between allergies and antibiotics. At one time our immune systems were kept busy fighting off disease and trying to win the battle for health, but antibiotics have reduced the amount of work our immune systems have to do. Now experts think theymay direct spare energy to harmless substances such as strawberries. ____5____A good deal of research is being devoted to finding a cure for allergies. Sufferers may be given medicine to control symptoms, and they may also be offered tests to find out what substances trigger an allergic reaction so that they can avoid contact with these in future.词汇：allergy n. 过敏，过敏症sufferer n.患者，受害者asthma n.哮喘substance n.物质pollen n.花粉micro-organism n.微生物antibodies n. antibody的复数形式，意为抗体allergen n.过敏源nut n.坚果histamine n.组织胺，组胺tissue n.人体组织symptom n.病症，征兆rash n.疱疹sneezing n.打喷嚏breathlessness n.呼吸急促，气喘吁吁anaphylaxis n.全身性过敏反应，过敏反应wasp n.黄蜂sting n.蟄，咬hayfever n.枯草热，花粉病additives n.添加剂，食品添加剂cure n.治疗，解药注释：1．suffer from...忍受^的折磨2．be devoted to sth. ...全身心投入于^练习：AThe immune system is there to protect the body against outside attackers, including viruses, bacteria and parasites.BIn other words our immune systems have become over-sensitive.CAllergies run in families.DInternational differences have been associated with the number of individuals within a population have allergy.EWhen the antibodies meet the allergen the next time, they attempt to destroy it.FExperts believe more people have developed allergies because of changes in our lifestyle which have exposed us to more allergens.答案与题解：1．A该是对机体免疫系统功能的介绍，而文中对免疫系统的首次提及是在该选项的上一句话，即描述过敏反应是免疫系统的活动，该选项故而可被视为是对上一句话的补充与说明。

２０１５年度全国职称英语等级考试综合类（Ｃ级）试题参考答案说明：第1部分：词汇选项，第１～１５题，每题１分，１５分；第２部分：阅读判断，第１６～２２题，每题１分，７分；第３部分：概括大意与完成句子，第２３～３０题，每题１分，８分；第４部分：阅读理解，第３１～４５题，每题３分，４５分；第５部分：补全短文，第４６～５０题，每题２分，１０分；第６部分：完形填空，第５１～６５题，每题１分，１５分第１部分：词汇选项１Ｄ favor有“恩惠”的意思，可引申为“对某人有利的事”，如infavorofsb/insb sfavor意为“有利于某人”，故可由help“帮助”替换。

其他选项，partner为“伙伴”，driver为“司机”，guide为“导游”。

题干意为：我将会过去，算是对Ann的帮助，我必须这样做。

２Ａ awful意为“糟糕的，吓人的”，含有贬义，与bad“坏的”相一致。

其他选项，fair为“晴朗的”，dry为“干燥的”，hot为“炎热的”。

题干意为：去年夏天的天气糟透了。

３Ｂ radical为“激进的，彻底的”，故可由revolutionary “革命性的”替换。

其他选项，long⁃term为“长期的”，short⁃term为“短期的”，systematic为“系统性的”。

题干意为：教育领域需要来一场彻底的变革。

４Ｃ potential意为“潜在的”，即可能发生的，意思与possible相符。

其他选项，main为“主要的”，immediate为“立刻的”，common为“普通的”。

题干意为：我们需要发现潜在的问题。

５Ａ encounter意为“遭遇，遇到”，encounterdifficulties即“遇到问题”,与experiencedifficulties“经历问题”意思相近。

其他选项，create为“创造”,present为“提出,呈现”,resolve为“解决”。

题干意为：你第一次遇到这些问题是在什么时候？６Ｄ frustrate意为“挫败,使感到灰心”,与discourage “阻止，使气馁”意思相近。

AlaskaIn1959Americans welcomed Alaska into the Unionas the49th state,symbolizing a changeof attitude from that held in 1867,when the peninsula(半岛)was purchased from Russia.Then, mostAmericans had littleinterest in 1.500000square kilometers of icebergs andpolar bears”—beyondCanada's western borders,far from the settled areas of theUnited States.1959年，美国从俄罗斯手中购得阿拉斯加半岛，美联邦迎来了它的第49个州，这标志着早就于1867年确定的观点发生了改变。

那时候，大多数美国人对与美国当时固有领地相距甚远、加拿大西部边境之外的那片150万平方公里的冰川和北极熊鲜有兴趣。

In thosesections of the state which lie above theArctic Circle, Alaska still is a landof icebergs and polarbears.Ice masseslie buried in the earth.From early May until early August,the midnight sunnever sets on this flat,treeless region,but the sun cannotmelt the icy soilmore than two-thirds of a meter down.现如今，阿拉斯加州位于北极圈之内的部分，依然是冰川和北极熊的领地。

地底下埋藏着巨大的冰层。