2018年高考英语全国1卷含答案和简单解析

2018年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ卷）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AWashington,D.C.Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.Duration TourThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington,D.C.Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom.Reserve your spot before availability—the cherry blossoms—disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration:3hours(4miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington,D.C.Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike,helmet,cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour In Washington,D.C.Duration:3hoursMorning or Afternoon,this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C.newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington,D.C.in a healthy way with minimum effort.Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most,interesting stories about Presidents,Congress,memorials,and fortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线)make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration:3hours(7miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington,D.C.Get up close to the monuments and memorials as your bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall.Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history.Tour includes bike,helmet,and bottled water.All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21.Which tour do you need to book in advance?A.Cherry Blossom like Tour in Washington,D.C.B.Washington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.D.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A.Meet famous people.B.Go to a national park.C.Visit well-known museums.D.Enjoy interesting stories.23.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A.City maps.B.Cameras.C.MealsD.Safety lightsBGood Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning,but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role—showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money:Good Food,she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste,while preparing recipes for under£5per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she’s leant into practice in her own home,preparing meals for sons,Sam,14,Finn,13,and Jack,11.“We love Mexican churros,so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant,”she explains.“I pay£5for a portion(一份),but Matt makes them for26p a portion,because they are flour, water,sugar and oil.Everybody can buy takeaway food,but sometimes we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”The eight-part series(系列节自),Save Money:Good Food,follows in the footsteps of ITV’s Save Money:Good Health,which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense,Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week.In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget.The team transforms the family’s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.24.What do we know about Susanna Reid?A.She enjoys embarrassing her guests.B.She has started a new programme.C.She dislikes working early in the morning.D.She has had a light budget for her family.25.How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A.He buys cooking materials for her.B.He prepares food for her kids.C.He assists her in cooking matters.D.He invites guest families for her.26.What does the author intend to do in paragraph4?A.Summarize the previous paragraphs.B.Provide some advice for the readers.C.Add some background information.D.Introduce a new topic for discussion.27.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB.Balancing Our Daily DietC.Making yourself a Perfect ChefD.Cooking Well for LessCLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years,but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.When the the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers,small,tightly knit (联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that10,000years ago,when the world had just five to ten million people,they spoke perhaps12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards,many of those people started settling down to become farmers,and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number.In recent centres,trade,industrialisation,the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education.Especially glbalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many Languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English.Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present,the world has about6,800languages.The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages.Often spoken by many people while hot,wet zones have lots,often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around200Languages:the Americas about1,000.Africa2,400;and Asia and the Pacific perhaps3,200,of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over800.The median number(中位数)of speakers is a mere6.000,which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over400of the total of6,800languages are close to extinction(消亡),with only a few elderly speakers left.Pick,at random,Busuu in Cameroon(eight remaining speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150).Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjigu in Australia(one,with a question-mark):none of these seems to have much chance of survival.28.What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times?A.They developed very fast.B.They were large in number.C.They had similar patters.D.They were closely connected29.Which of the following best explains“dominant”underlined in paragraph2？plex.B.Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modem.30.How many languages are spoken by less than6,000people at present?A.About6,800.B.About3,400.C.About2,400.D.About1,200.31.What is the min idea of the text?A.New languages will be created.B.Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languagesC.Human development results in fewer languagesD.Geography determines language evolution.DWe may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new,but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置)well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment—and our wallets—as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using,Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life—from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device.This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early1990s.Devices were grouped by generation—Desktop computers,basic mobile phones,and box-set TVs defined1992.Digital cameras arrived on thescene in1997.And MP3players,smart phones,and LCD TVs entered homes in2002,before tablets and e-readers showed up in2007.As we accumulated more devices,however,we didn’t throw out our old ones.“The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’room,and suddenly one day,you have a TV in every room of the house,”said one researcher.The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992to13in2007.We’re not just keeping these old devices—we continue to use them.According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team,old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）more than doubling during the1992to2007window.So what’s the solution（解决方案）?The team’s data only went up to2007,but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function,such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing.They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32.What does the author think of new devices?A.They are environment-friendly.B.They are no better than the old.C.They cost more to use at home.D.They go out of style quickly.33.Why did Babbitt’s team conduct the research?A.To reduce the cost of minerals.B.To test the life cycle of a product.C.To update consumers on new technology.D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34.Which of the following uses the least energy?A.The box-set TV.B.The tablet.C.The LCD TV.D.The desktop computer.35.What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A.Stop using them.B.Take them apart.C.Upgrade them.D.Recycle them.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)Color is fundamental in home design—something you’ll always have in every room.A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in.Do you want a room that’s full of life?Professional?Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?36, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years,there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.37,they can get a little complex.But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home:the small ones,the medium ones,and the large ones.38.They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows,mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms.Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa,small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas,dinner tables or bookshelves 39.They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones,and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls,ceilings,and floors.Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint,the time,effort and relative expense put into it are significant.40.A.While all of them are usefulB.Whatever you’re looking forC.If you’re experimenting with a colorD.Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar withE.It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF.So it pays to be sure,because you want to get it right the first timeG.Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

绝密★启封前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试〔新课标I〕英语注意事项：1.答题前,先将自己的##、##号填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将##号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置.用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑.2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效.3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内.写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效.4.考试结束后,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交.第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力〔共两节,满分30 分〕做题时,现将答案标在试卷上,录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上.第一节〔共5 小题；每小题 1.5 分,满分7.5 分〕听下面 5 段对话,每段对话后有一个小题.从题中所给的A,B,C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置.听完每段对话后,你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍.例：How much is the shirt?A.£ 19.15B.£ 9.18C.£ 9.15答案是 C.1.What are the speakers talking about?A. Having a birthday party.B. Doing some exercise.C. Getting Lydia a gift2.What is the woman going to do?A. Help the man.B. Take a bus.C. Get a camera3.What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Tell Kate to stop.B. Call Kate, s friends.C. Stay away from Kate.4.Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a wine shop.B. In a supermarket.C. In a restaurant.5.What does the woman mean?A. Keep the window closed.B. Go out for fresh air.C. Turn on the fan.听第6段材料,回答第6、7题.6.What is the man going to do this summer?A. Teach a course.B. Repair his house.C. Work at a hotel.7.How will the man use the money?A. To hire a gardener.B. To buy books.C. To pay for a boat trip.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题.8.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Schoolmates.B. Colleagues.C. Roommates.9.What does Frank plan to do right after graduation?A. Work as a programmer.B. Travel around the world.C. Start his own business. 第二节〔共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分〕听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置.听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题10.Why does the woman make the call?A. To book a hotel room.B.To ask about the room serviceC.To make changes ti a reservation11.When will the women arrive at the hotel?A.On September 15B. On September 16C. On September 2312.How much will the woman pay her room per night?A. $179B.$199C. $219听第9段材料,回答第13至16题.13.What is the woman’s plan for Saturday?A.Going shoppingB.Going campingC.Going boating14.Where will tne woman stay in Keswick?A.In a country innB. In a five-star hotelC. In her aunt’s home15.What will Gordon do over the weekend?A.Visit his friendsB.Watch DVDsC.Join the woman16.What does the woman think of Gordon’s ing weekend?A.RelaxedB.BoringC.Busy.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题17.Who is Wang Ming?A.A studentB. An employer C .An engineer18.What does the speaker say about the college job market this year?A.It’s unpredictableB. It’s quite stableC.It’s not optimistic19.Whar percentage of student job seekers have found a job by now?A．20％ B. 22％ C. 50％20.Why are engineering graduates more likely to accept a job?A.They need more work experienceB.The salary is usually goodC.Their choice is limited.第二部分阅读理解〔共两节,满分40分〕第一节〔共15小题：每小题2分,满分30分〕阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项〔A、B、C和D〕中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.AYou probably know who Marie Curie was,but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below,who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams<1860-1935>Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addans helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of munity<社区>by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson<1907-1964>If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.Sandra Day O’Connor<1930-present>When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952,she couldnot find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator<参议员> and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks<1913-2005>On December 1,1955,in Montgomery,Alabama,Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set lff the Montgmery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. "The only tired I was, was tired lr giving in,"said Parks.21.What is jane Addams noted for in history?A. Her social work.B. Her lack of proper training in law.C. Her efforts to win a prize.D. Her munity background.22. What is the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm?A. Her lack of proper training in law.B. Her little work experience in court.C. The discrimination against women.D. The poor financial conditions.23. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US?A. Jane Addams.B. Rachel Carson.C. Sandra Day O’Connor.24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A. They are highly educated.B. They are truly creative.C. They are pioneers.D. They are peace-lovers.此篇为有小标题的应用文,内容为华盛顿四种骑车游的介绍,配备3道细节理解题,出题形式中规中矩,相对比较简单.此类文章根据题干中的关键词仔细回原文寻找对应即可.21. A细节理解题.题目问"哪一个骑车游需要提前预定",根据第一段内容中的"Reserve your spot beforeavailability — and the cherry blossoms — disappear<在有效期和樱花消失前预约>"可知应选A.此题难点在于熟悉词汇〔in advance和reserve〕.22. D细节理解题.题目问"首都骑车游中你能做什么",根据第三段内容中的"Knowledgeable guides willentertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks〔知识丰富的向导会给你讲关于总统、国会、纪念馆还有公园的最有趣的故事〕"可知应选D选项"听有趣的故事".23. D细节理解题.题目问"以下哪一个是夜间骑车游提供的",根据第四段内容中的"All riders are equipped withreflective vests and safety lights〔所有骑行者装备反光背心和安全灯〕"可知应选D选项.BGrandparents Answer a CallAs a third generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never pleased move away,. Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help their children, she politely refused . Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms Gaf finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move to a success,giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to the children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obama’s mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study grandparents . 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinson ‘s decision will influence the grandparents in the American family. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s family."in the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn’t get away from home far enough fsst enough to prove we could do it on our own,"says Christine Crosby, publisher of grate manazine forgrandparents .We now realize how important family is and how important"" to be near them, especially when you’re raining children."Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder.25. Why was Garza’s move a success?A．It strengthened her family ties. B．It improved her living conditions.C．It enabled her make more friends.D．It helped her know more new places.26.What was the reaction of the public to Mrs. Robinson’s decision?A．17% expressed their support for it.B．Few people responded sympathetically.C．83% believed it had a bad influence.D．The majority thought it was a trend.27. What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?A．They were unsure of raise more children.B．They were eager to raise more children.C．They wanted to live away from their parents.D．They bad little respect for their grandparent.28. What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the lasr paragraph?A. Make decisions in the best interests' of their ownB. Ask their children to pay more visits to themC. Sacrifice for their struggling childrenD. Get to know themselves better24. B 细节理解题,出处可定位至第一段her latest role,为各种家庭展示如何用比较少的预算去做既好吃又有营养的饭菜；A选项虽然提到Susanna和guest,但是embarrass偷换了原文的概念,可以排除；C选项无中生有；D选项原文中未提到她自己的家庭预算很紧张.25. C 细节理解题,出处定位至第二段with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under $5 per family a day. 可知Matt在烹饪事物上帮助了Susanna.26. C 细节理解题,出处定位至Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV's Save Money: Good Health,…可知作者是为读者介绍了Save Money这个节目是怎么来的,即是背景信息,故选择C项.27. D 主旨大意题,主旨句一般可定位至文章的第一段,but后的关键信息点she is cooking up a storm in her latest role—showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.可知答案D.CI am peter Hodes ,a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2018, I've done 89 trips of those , 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells〔干细胞〕in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor<捐献者> to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve got 72 hours at most, So I am always conscious of time.I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said:"Well, I’m really sorry, I’ve got some bad news for you-there are no fights from Washington."So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said:"In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient-please, please, you’ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom."She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plance to be held for me.re-routed<改道>me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.For this courier job, you’re consciously aware than that box you’re got something that is potentially going to save somebody’s life.29.Which of the following can replace the underlined word "courier" in Paragraph17A providerB delivery manC collectorD medical doctor30.W hy does Peter have to plete his trip within42hours?A.He cannot stay away from his job too lon gB.The donor can only wait for that long.C.The operation needs that very much.D.The ice won't la st any longer.31.Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?A.To London B.To NewarkC. To Providence D.To Washington28. B细节理解题.由hunter-gatherer times定位到第一自然段,根据when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 1200 languages between them. 可是当时人少,但是语言很多.29. C推测词义题.根据第二段后半部分dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasinglytaking over, 列举的英语、西班牙语、中文等都是使用人数较多等语言,所以选择powerful. 30. B 细节理解题.根据第三段At present, the world has about 6800 languages和Themedian number <中位数> of speakers is a were 6000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.可知现在有3400种语言被少于6000人说.31. C主旨大意题.根据Languages have been ing and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has beenless ing and a lot more going .可知增加的语言少消失的语言多,且本文按照时间顺序写作,讲了随着人类发展,很多语言消失.所以选择C.D The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful,or they may b e empty when a person has nothing to say.A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness ,or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely unfortable;therefore atte mpts may be made to fill every gap<隙>with conversation.Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for u nderstanding a person's needs.Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of municating among people,just a s some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.Therefore,when a person from one of these cultur es is speaking and suddenly stops,what maybe implied<暗示>is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic udner discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.Nurses and other care-geivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they e across the personal anxiety their patients may be expericencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing<治愈> value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.32.What does the author say about silence in conversations?A.It implies anger.B. It promotes friendship.C. It is culture-specific.D. It is content-based.33.Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?A.The Chinese.B. The French.C. The Mexicans.D. The Russians.34.What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?A.Let it continue as the patient pleases.B. Break it while treating patients.C. Evaluate its harm to patients.D. Make use of its healing effects.35.What may be the best title for the text?A.Sound and SilenceB. What It Means to Be SilentB.Silence to Native Americans D. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold32.A 推理判断题.根据第一段最后一句"That’s bad news for the environment – and our wallets – as theseoutdated devices consume much more energy than the news ones that do the same things."可知,做同样的事,旧的过时的装置比新装置消耗更多能源,对环境有害.通过对比可知,新装置对环境有益,所以选A.B、C不对,D没提到.33. D 细节理解题.根据第二段第一句"To figure out how much power these devices are using."可知,Babbitt 团队组织这个研究是为了弄清这些装置使用多少能源,所以选D.当题干中出现why时,在原文中找to或because.34. B 推理判断题.根据第二段"This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since theearly 1990s…before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007."可知,tablet便签是最新出现的,又因为第一段最后一句"That’s bad news for the environment – and our wallets – as these outdated devices consume much more energythan the news ones that do the same things."可知,新装置比旧装置消耗能源少,所以tablet消耗最少的能源,选B35. A 推理判断题.根据最后一段"consumers replaced old products with new electronics" 可知,文章建议人们用新装置代替旧装置,所以选A,停止使用旧装置.第二节〔共5 小题,每小题 2 分,满分10 分〕根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项.Secret codes <密码>keep messages private.Banks, panies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by puter.People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags<落后> far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of "My elephant eats too many eels" Spell out the hidden message "Meet me."38 You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message "Meet me" would read "13 5 20 13 5."A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code,you must have a code book. 39 For example, "bridge" might stand for "meet" and "out" might stand for "me." The message "bridge out" would actually mean "Meet me."40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B.In any language,some letters are used more than others.C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D.As long as there have been codes,people have tried to break them.E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F.With a code book,you might write down words that would stand for other words.G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.36. B 上文中提到"你是否在寻找你意中的房间"并给出了几种选择.B选项承接了上句的问题,"无论你在寻找什么"并且引出了下句的答案"颜色是重要因素".37. A 选项中的them 指代上文中的different techniques 和下文中的they 指代内容相同.38. D 上一段末尾提到要介绍三种颜色选择,本段详细介绍第一种small color choice.39. G 本段主要内容是medium color choice, 前半句承接上文中medium是small的升级,后半句引出下文的两种方式.40. F 上文中提到时间、努力和相应的费用付出是巨大的,迎合F选项中so it pays to be sure.第三部分英语知识运用〔共两节,满分45〕第一节完形填空〔共20 小题；每小题 1.5 分,满分30 分〕阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项〔A、B、C 和D〕中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.A Heroic DriverLarry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was __41__along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher <灭火器>. Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a woman’s voice ing from the wrecked <毁坏的> vehicle.51 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck.Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go.One thing is 59 —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 60 most likely saved the woman’s life.41. A. walking B. touring C．traveling D．rushing42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers43. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If44. A. each B. another C. that D. his45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam46. A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned47. A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled48. A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came over49. A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed50. A. then B. again C. finally D. even51. A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching52. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm53. A. for B. so C. and D. but54. A. explode B. slip away C. fall apart D. crash55. A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after56. A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out57. A. woman B. police C. man D. driver58. A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free59. A.for certain B. for consideration C. reported D.checked60. A.patience B. skills C. efforts D.promise41. B. 考察动词词组.后文中说因为毕竟,谁不想省个几块钱呢,说明作者想要参加这次课程,jump at 表示想要积极参加,所以选择B.A. 提出 B. 急切地想要接受 C. 尝试 D. 调小；婉拒.42.C. 考察前后文联系.前文说offering a free course,提供免费课程,所以相应选择省几块钱.A. 浪费B. 赚C. 节省D. 支付.43. A. 考察前后文联系.后文说老师的事情非常吸引我,也就是说前文需要虽然我对于学分不感兴趣.A．兴奋的 B. 担心的 C. 感动的 D. 累的44. D. 考察前后文联系.后文说他是一个国际大师,所以是指导老师非常吸引他.A．标题B. 竞争者C. 课本D.指导者.45. D. 考察动词和宾语从句的搭配.前文说老师很厉害,所以这意味着我会跟本领域最厉害的人学习.A．督促B.要求C. 保持D. 意味着.46. C. 考察形容词做名词使用.The + 形容词表示一类人,在这里表示我会跟着领域最厉害的人学习,the best表示一类.A．最快的人 B. 最简单的人 C. 最好的人 D. 最罕见的人.47. B. 考察前后文联系.前文说老师很厉害,所以他迫不与待想见到他.A．面试 B. 见到 C. 挑战 D. 打败.48. D. 考察前后文联系.前文说这是要上这门课的老师,所以对于他来说,这是一份工作,而且这份工作对于他不是开玩笑.A. 机会 B. 资质 C. 荣誉 D. 工作.49. C. 考察make的动词搭配,make sth adj.让某事怎么样,it是形式宾语,指的是后文我们的绩点很难拿到,表示他说的很清楚我们的绩点很难拿到.A. 真正的 B. 完美的 C. 清楚的D. 可能的.50. B. 考察动词词组.文中说为了通过这门课,所以选择B.A. 参加 B. 通过 C. 跳过 D. 观察.51. C. 考察上下文.后文中说把我们在课上所学的应用到我们将来的职业中,所以选择C.A. 添加B. 暴露C. 应用,申请D. 比较.52. A 考察上下文.根据上文and之前应用到职业中进而最终应用到我们的生活中国,所以选择A.A. 最终地B. 自然地C. 直接地D. 正常地.53. C. 名词复现.在那个课上,指上文的围棋课.所以选择C.A. 游戏B. 陈述,表演C. 课程D. 实验.54. B. 上下文.文中说在课上学的人生哲学能够在课堂外很好的服务我,所以选择B.A. 标准B. 教室C. 部门D. 情况形势55. A. 考察动词词组.前文中说我仍然在使用老师教给我的,所以选择A.A. 教B. 写C. 质疑D. 承若,保证.56. D. 考察上下文,文中说当你下棋时最重要的技能是学会如何做好决定,所以选择D.A. 事实B. 步骤C. 方式D. 技能.57.B. 考察动词词组.文中说当你下棋时最重要的技能是学会如何做好决定,所以选择B.A. 年级B. 决定C. 印象D. 评论.58. A. 考察动词词组.文中说每一次移动,你不得不分析形势和情况,所以选择A.A. 分析B. 描述C. 重建D. 控制.59. D. 考察动词词组.文中说每一次移动,你不得不分析形势,你的对手正在做的过程步骤,并且从你的选择汇总评估最好的移动.所以选择D.A. 宣布 B. 发信号C. 阻塞 D. 评估.60.A. 考察名词.文中这些话在我作为记者这个角色的工作中仍然听上去是真的,所以选择A.A. 角色B. 渴望C. 关心D. 行为.第II 卷第三部分英语知识运用第二节〔共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分〕阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容〔1个单词〕或括号内单词的正确形式.Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top____61_<attract>.So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_____62_〔arrow〕to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be __63___<official> given to me at a ceremony in London.But my connection with pandas goes back ____64__ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____65_ I was the first Western TV reporter__66___ <permit> to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include ____67_<introduce> British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On mu recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _____68_ <it> mother. The nursery team switches him every few __69__< day> with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, __70____ other is with mum-she never suspects.61. longer 由than可知此处需要填写形容词比较级.62. to see 非谓语动词, don’t have to 充当谓语,see作非谓语表目的.63. dying of介词后跟名词作宾语.64. is 谓语,一般现在时态.65. than 根据上文more effective …than….66. that/which 定语从句修饰上文中的study.67. causes 名词变复数.68. strengthen 名词变动词.69. energetic 名词变形容词.主系表结构,形容词作表语.70. it 指代上一句you need run….第四部分写作〔共两节满分35〕第一节短文改错〔10 分〕假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉与一个单词的增加、删除或修改.增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号〔〕,并在其下面写出该加的词.删除：把多余的词用斜线〔〕划掉.学科&网修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词.注意：1.每处错误与其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处,多着〔从第11处起〕不计分.My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that 1 love .Though not very big ,but the Restaurant is popular in our area .It is always crowded with customers at meal times .Some People even had to wait outside My uncle tells me that the key to hisSuccess is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quallty oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams being rich in the short period of time. Instead,he hopes that our business will grow steady.1. countryside农村,此处应是特指祖父母所在的农村,加the.2. 故事叙述的是去年寒假的事,应该用一般过去时,将find改为found.3. another是"三者或三者以上的另一个",而other是"其他的",因为后面animals是可数名词的复数形式,所以应该将anther改为other.4. 根据上下文翻译,应为"那里",而且前文有提与,所以将here变为there.5. "dozens of"是"许多,几十"之意,后面应该用chicken的复数形式.6. 考察定语从句,如果没有which,从句中不缺成分或者说缺状语,所以应该选用关系副词,而先行词为pond池塘,所以应该将which改为where.如果保留which,因从句缺状语,所以应补充in.7. by为介词,介词后应用doing形式.8. feel为系动词,后面不用副词用形容词即可.9. every two years表示每隔两年,该时间状语前不加介词.10. 通过翻译原文可知,应该是递进或顺承,不是转折关系.所以将but改为and.第二节书面表达〔满分25分〕假定你是李华,暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职,已写好申请书和个人简历〔resume〕.给外教Mr Jenkins 写信,请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式〔format〕.注意：1. 词数100左右;2. 可以适当增加细节,已使行文连贯.2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新课标I卷英语参考答案试卷总评2018年高考英语新课标I卷试题整体难度与往年大体相同.其中,阅读理解体裁多样,有记叙文、说明文等,侧重考查学生的细节理解能力和推理判断能力,缺少了历年来的应用文阅读.完形填空仍是夹叙夹议文,着重考查实词在语篇中的准确运用,难度适中.语法填空和短文改错涉与到动词,形容词,名词,等常见考点,充分考查了学生对篇章解读以与对语境和语法知识的掌握.书面表达是学生熟悉的书信文体,话题接近学生生活,人人有话可说,有感而发.给考生提供了充分的拓展空间,具有开放性,难度较低.第一部分听力1-5 CBACA 6-10 CBAAC 11-15 BBCAB 16-20 BACAB第二部分阅读理解〔共两节,满分40分〕第一节〔共15小题：每小题2分,满分30分〕A 篇阅读21 -24ACDCB 篇阅读25-28 ADCAC篇阅读29-31 BDBD 篇阅读32-35 CADB第二节〔共5小题：每小题2分,满分10分〕36 –40 DEGFA第三部分英语知识运用〔共两节, 满分45分〕第一节完形填空〔共20 小题：每小题1.5分,满分30分〕41- 45 CDCBA 46-50 BADCA 51-55 DB DA C 56-60 BBDAC第二节英语知识运用〔共10小题：每小题1.5分,满分15分〕61. attraction 62. was allowed 63. officially 64. to 65. when66. permitted 67. introducing 68. its 69. days 70. the第四部分写作〔共两节,满分35分〕第一节短文改错〔共10小题：每小题1分,满分10分〕71. that →where 72. but去掉73. had →have 74. honest→ honesty 75. or→ and76. using →used 77. being前加of 78. the →a 79. our→ his 80. stead→steadily第二节书面表达〔满25分〕Dear Terry,How are you doing? Learning that you are about to pay a visit to a Chinese friend and confused about the Chinese customs, I am writing to put forward some advice.To begin with, I would like to suggest that you arrive 5 to 10 minutes earlier, which is mon in Chinese traditional culture. In addition, if I were you, I would bring some appropriate gifts with me, such as souvenirs from my own country. Besides, table manners are also what you should pay attention to. For example, you are not supposed to stick your chopsticks into your food. Instead, laying them on your dish is a smart choice.If you have any other problems, please don’t hesitate to contact me. May you have a wonderful day with your friend.Yours,Li Hua。

注意事项：2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国I 卷）英语1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30 分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分7.5 分）听下面5 段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £19. 15.B. £9. 18.C. £9. 15.答案是C。

1.What will James do tomorrow?A.Watch a TV program.B.Give a talk.C.Write a report.2.What can we say about the woman?A.She’s generous.B. She’s curious.C. She’s helpful.3.When does the train leave?A. At 6:30.B. At 8:30.C. At 10:30.4.How does the woman go to work?A.By car.B. On foot.C. By bike.5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacher and student.C.Doctor and patient.第二节（共15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分22.5 分）听下面5 段对话或独白。

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国I卷）英语注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £19. 15.B. £9. 18.C. £9. 15.答案是C。

1.What will James do tomorrow?A.Watch a TV program.B. Give a talk.C. Write a report.2.What can we say about the woman?A.She’s generous.B. She’s curious.C. She’s helpful.3.When does the train leave?A.At 6:30.B. At 8:30.C. At 10:30.4.How does the woman go to work?A.By car.B. On foot.C. By bike.5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacher and student.C. Doctor and patient.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。

1. What will James do tomorrow?A. Watch a TV program.B. Give atalk. C. Write a report.2. What can we say about the woman?A. She’s generous.B. She’s页脚内容1curious. C. She’s helpful.3. When does the train leave?A. At 6:30.B. At 8:30.C. At 10:30.4. How does the woman go to work?A. By car.B. On foot.C. By bike.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Classmates.B. Teacher and student.C.Doctor and patient.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

绝密★启用前2018 年一般高等学校招生全国一致考试英语(Ⅰ卷 )第一部分听力（共两节，满分30 分）第一节（共5小题；每题 1.5 分，满分7.5 分）听下边 5 段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、 B 、C 三个选项中选出最正确选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间往返答相关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. ￡19.15.B. ￡9.18.C. ￡9.15.答案是 C。

1. What will James do tomorrow?A. Watch a TV programB. Give a talk.C. Write a report.2. What can we say about the woman?A. She’s generous.B. She’s curiousC. She’s helpful.3. When does the train leave?A. At 6:30.B. At 8:30.C. At 10:30.4. How does the woman go to work?A. By car.B. On foot.C. By bike.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Classmates.B. Teacher and studentC. Doctor and patient.第二节（共15小题；每题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下边 5 段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、 B 、 C 三个选项中选出最正确选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第 6 段资料，回答第6、7 题。

6. W hat does the woman regret?A. Giving up her research.B. Dropping out of college.C. Changing her major.7. W hat is the woman interested in studying now?A. Ecology.B. Education.C. Chemistry. 听第 7 段资料，回答第8、9 题。

学校：____________________ _______年_______班 姓名：____________________ 学号：________- - - - - - - - - 密封线 - - - - - - - - - 密封线 - - - - - - - - -绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语 全国I 卷（全卷共14页）(适用地区：河南、河北、山西、江西、湖北、湖南、广东、安徽、福建、山东) 注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2． 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答案卡一并交回。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C 。

1. What will James do tomorrow? A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report.2. What can we say about the woman?A. She’s generous.B. She’s curious.C. She’s helpful.3. When does the train leave? A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30.4. How does the woman go to work?A. By car.B. On foot.C. By bike.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Classmates.B. Teacher and student.C. Doctor and patient.第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

学校：___________________________年_______班姓名：____________________学号：________---------密封线---------密封线---------绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语全国I 卷（全卷共14页）(适用地区：河南、河北、山西、江西、湖北、湖南、广东、安徽、福建、山东)注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答案卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. ￡19.15.B. ￡9.18.C. ￡9.15.答案是C 。

1. What will James do tomorrow? A. Watch a TV program.B. Give a talk.C. Write a report.2. What can we say about the woman?A. She ’s generous. B. She ’s curious.C. She ’s helpful.3. When does the train leave?A. At 6:30.B. At 8:30.C. At 10:30.4. How does the woman go to work? A. By car.B. On foot.C. By bike.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Classmates.B. Teacher and student.C. Doctor and patient.第二节（共15小题；每小题 1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

2018年高考英语全国卷I（含答案）（考试时间100分钟满分：120分）第一部分、听力（略）第二部分、阅读理解（满分40分）第一节(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

AWashington, D. C Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, .Duration:3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington，. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability-and the cherry blossoms-disappear！Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours(4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, . Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D. CDuration: 3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, . in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线)make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours (7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, . Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.tour do you need to book in advanceBlossom Bike Tour in Washington, .Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.City Bike Tour in Washington, D. CCapital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tourfamous people. to a national park.well-known museums. interesting stories.23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night providemaps. . . lights.BGood Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning，but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role - showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget。

学校：____________________ _______年_______班 姓名：____________________ 学号：________- - - - - - - - - 密封线 - - - - - - - - - 密封线 - - - - - - - - -绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语 全国I 卷（全卷共14页）(适用地区：河南、河北、山西、江西、湖北、湖南、广东、安徽、福建、山东) 注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2． 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答案卡一并交回。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C 。

1. What will James do tomorrow? A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report.2. What can we say about the woman?A. She’s generous.B. She’s curious.C. She’s helpful.3. When does the train leave? A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30.4. How does the woman go to work?A. By car.B. On foot.C. By bike.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Classmates.B. Teacher and student.C. Doctor and patient.第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。

1. What will James do tomorrow?A. Watch a TV program.B. Give a talk.C. Write a report.2. What can we say about the woman?A. She’s generous.B. She’s curious.C. She’s helpful.3. When does the train leave?A. At 6:30.B. At 8:30.C. At 10:30.4. How does the woman go to work?A. By car.B. On foot.C. By bike.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Classmates.B. Teacher and student.C. Doctor and patient.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）英语试题第1页（共14页）听下面5段对话或独白。

2018年高考真题英语全国1卷含答案2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国I卷英语(含参考答案)注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £19. 15.B. £9. 18.C. £9. 15.答案是C。

1.What will James do tomorrow?A.Watch a TV program.B. Give a talk.C. Write a report.2.What can we say about the woman?A.She’s generous.B. She’s curious.C. She’s helpful.3.When does the train leave?A.At 6:30.B. At 8:30.C. At 10:30.4.How does the woman go to work?A.By car.B. On foot.C. By bike.5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacher and student.C. Doctor and patient.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

英语试卷 第1页（共22页）英语试卷 第2页（共22页）绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英 语注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt ？A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C .1. What will James do tomorrow ？ A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report.2. What can we say about the woman ？A. She’s generous.B. She’s curious.C. She’s helpful. 3. When does the train leave ？ A. At 6：30. B. At 8：30. C. At 10：30. 4. How does the woman go to work ？A. By car.B. On foot.C. By bike.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers ？A. Classmates.B. Teacher and student.C. Doctor and patient.第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

2018年全国统一高考英语试卷(新课标Ⅰ)参考答案与试题解析第一部分听力(共两节)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上．录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上．第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话．每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项．听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来冋答有关小题和阅读下一小题．每段对话仅读一遍．例：How much is the shirt？A.&#163;19.15.B. &#163;9.18. C &#163;9.15.答案是C。

1. (1.50分)What will James do tomorrow？A. Watch a TV program．B. Give a talk．C. Write a report．【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略2. (1.50分)What can we say about the woman？A. She's generous．B. She's curious．C. She's helpful．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略3. (1.50分)When does the train leave？A. At 6：30．B. At 8：30．C. At 10：30．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略4. (1.50分)How does the woman go to work？A. By car．B. On foot．C. By bike．【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略5. (1.50分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers？A. Classmates．B. Teacher and student．C. Doctor and patient．【分析】略【解答】A【点评】略第二节(每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白．每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D三个选项中选出最佳选项．听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间．毎段对话或独白读两遍．6. (3.00分)听第6段材料，回答下列各题．(1)What does the woman regret？A. Giving up her research．B. Dropping out of college．C. Changing her major．(2)What is the woman interested in studying now？A. Ecology．B. Education．C. Chemistry．【分析】略【解答】BA【点评】略7. (3.00分)听第7段材料，回答下列各题．(1)What is the man？A. A hotel manager．B. A tour guide．C. A taxi driver．(2)What is the man doing for the woman？A. Looking for some local foods．B. Showing her around the seaside．C. Offering information about a hotel．【分析】略【解答】BC【点评】略8. (4.50分)听第8段材料，回答下列各题．(1)Where does the conversation probably take place？A. In an office．B. At home．C. At a restaurant．(2)What will the speakers do tomorrow evening？A. Go to a concert．B. Visit a friend．C. Work extra hours．(3)Who is Alice going to call？A. Mike．B. Joan．C. Catherine．【分析】略【解答】CAB【点评】略9. (6.00分)听第9段材料，回答下列各题．(1)Why does the woman meet the man？A. To look at an apartment．B. To deliver some furniture．C. To have a meal together．(2)What does the woman like about the carpet？A. Its color．B. Its design．C. Its quality．(3)What does the man say about the kitchen？A. It's a good size．B. It's newly painted．C. It's adequately equipped．(4)What will the woman probably do next？A. Go downtown．B. Talk with her friend．C. Make payment．【分析】略【解答】AACB【点评】略10．(6.00分)听第10段材料，回答下列各题．(1)Who is the speaker probably talking to？A. Movie fans．B. News reporters．C. College students．(2)When did the speaker take English classes？A. Before he left his hometown．B. After he came to America．C. When he was 15 years old．(3)How does the speaker feel about his teacher？A. He's proud．B. He's sympathetic．C. He's grateful．(4)What does the speaker mainly talk about？A. How education shaped his life．B. How his language skills improved．C. How he managed his business well．【分析】略【解答】CBCA【点评】略第二部分阅读理解(共两节)第一节(满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.11．(6.00分)AWashington，D．C．Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．Duration：3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world﹣famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington，D．C．Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom．Reserve your spot before availability ﹣and the cherry blossoms ﹣disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration：3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington，D．C．Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop．Guided tour includes bike，helmet，cookies and bottled water．Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．Duration：3 hoursMorning or Afternoon，this bike tour is the perfect tour for D．C．newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington，D．C．in a healthy way with minimum effort．Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress，memorials，and parks．Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing．Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration：3 hours (7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington，D C．Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall．Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history．Tour includes bike，helmet，and bottled water．All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights．(1)Which tour do you need to book in advance？AA. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour．C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour．(2)What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour？DA. Meet famous people．B. Go to a national park．C. Visit well﹣known museums．D. Enjoy interesting stories．(3)Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide？DA. City maps．B. Cameras．C. Meals．D. Safety lights．【分析】本文属于广告布告类阅读，文章介绍了华盛顿的四个骑行路线，具体介绍了他们从骑行时间，骑行路线及注意事项等信息．【解答】ADD1. A．细节理解题．在Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．中Reserve your spot before availability ﹣and the cherry blossoms disappear!可知樱花消失之前要提前预定自己的位置，故答案为A．2. D．细节理解题．根据Knowledgeable guides will entrtain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress，memorials，and parks可知知识渊博的导游会给你带来最有趣的关于总统、国会、纪念馆和公园的故事，由此判断答案为D．3. D．细节理解题．根据All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights可知所有骑手都配有反光背心和安全灯，由此判断答案为D．【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．12．(8.00分)BGood Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning，but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role ﹣showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget．In Save Money：Good Food，she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste，while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day．And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she's been able to put a lot of what she's learnt into practice in her own home，preparing meals for sons，Sam，14，Finn，13，and Jack，11．"We love Mexican churros，so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant，'' she explains，"I pay £5 for a portion(一份)，but Matt makes them for 26p a portion，because they are flour，water，sugar and oil．Everybody can buy takeaway food，but sometimes we're not aware how cheaply we can makethis food ourselves．"The eight﹣part series (系列节目)，Save Money：Good Food，follows in the footsteps of ITV's Save Money：Good Health，which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market．With food our biggest weekly household expense．Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week．In tonight's Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget．The team transforms the family's long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes．(1)What do we know about Susanna Reid？BA. She enjoys embarrassing her guests．B. She has started a new programme．C. She dislikes working early in the morning．D. She has had a tight budget for her family．(2)How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna？CA. He buys cooking materials for her．B. He prepares food for her kids．C. He assists her in cooking matters．D. He invites guest families for her．(3)What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4？CA. Summarize the previous paragraphs．B. Provide some advice for the readers．C. Add some background information．D. Introduce a new topic for discussion．(4)What can be a suitable title for the text？DA. Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB. Balancing Our Daily DietC. Making Yourself a Perfect ChefD. Cooking Well for Less【分析】本文介绍了由Susanna主持的一档新的节目Good Morning Britain，节目中她向观众展示如何在预算紧张的情况下准备美味的营养餐，该节目可以让观众花最少的钱却仍可以品尝美食．【解答】BCCD1. B．推理判断题．根据第一段but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role ﹣showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget 可知她最近的角色就是烹饪﹣﹣向家庭展示如何在预算紧张的情况下准备美味的营养餐，由此判断她开办了一个新的节目，故答案为B．2. C．细节理解题．根据she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste可知Matt Tebbutt是在烹饪方面为Susanna提供帮助，故答案为C．3. C．段落大意题．根据第四段The eight﹣part series (系列节目)，Save Money：Good Food，follows in the footsteps of ITV's Save Money．Good Health，which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market可知本段介绍了Save Money的一些背景信息，故答案为C．4. D．标题归纳题．本文介绍了由Susanna主持的一档新的节目Good Morning Britain，节目中她向观众展示如何在预算紧张的情况下准备美味的营养餐，该节目可以让观众花最少的钱却仍可以品尝美食，所以最佳标题是Cooking Well for Less，故答案为D．【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．13．(8.00分)CLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years，but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going．When the world was still populated by hunter﹣gatherers，small，tightly knit (联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other．Some language experts believe that 10，000 years ago，when the world had just five to ten million people，theyspoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them．Soon afterwards，many of those people started settling down to become farmers，and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number．In recent centuries，trade，industrialisation，the development of the nation﹣state and the spread of universal compulsory education，especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades，all have caused many languages to disappear，and dominant languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over．At present，the world has about 6，800 languages．The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven．The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages，often spoken by many people，while hot，wet zones have lots，often spoken by small numbers．Europe has only around 200 languages；the Americas about 1，000；Africa 2，400；and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3，200，of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800．The median number (中位数)of speakers is a mere 6，000，which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that．Already well over 400 of the total of 6，800 languages are close to extinction (消亡)，with only a few elderly speakers left．Pick，at random，Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers)，Chiapaneco in Mexico (150)，Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one，with a question﹣mark)：none of these seems to have much chance of survival．(1)What can we infer about languages in hunter﹣gatherer times？BA. They developed very fast．B. They were large in number．C. They had similar patterns．D. They were closely connected．(2)Which of the following best explains "dominant" underlined in paragraph 2？CA. Complex．B. Advanced．C. Powerful．D. Modern．(3)How many languages are spoken by less than 6，000 people at present？BA. About 6，800．B. About 3，400．C. About 2，400．D. About 1，200．(4)What is the main idea of the text？CA. New languages will be created．B. People's lifestyles are reflected in languages．C. Human development results in fewer languages．D. Geography determines language evolution．【分析】本文是一篇科教类阅读，文章讲述的是语言已经千百年的历史，不断地出现和消失，但最近新出现的语言越来越少，而消失地越来越多，随着社会和工业化的发展，语言消失地越来越快．【解答】BCBC1. B．推理判断题．根据第一段When the world was still populated by hunter ﹣gatherers，small，tightly knit (联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other可知在狩猎的时代，狩猎团队各自形成了自己的语言模式，这会导致大量不同的语言，语言种类的数量是巨大的，故答案为B．2. C．词义猜测题．根据常识及and dominant languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over可知现在占据统治地位的语言有英语、西班牙语和汉语，可以猜测dominant意为"统治的，强大的"，故答案为C．3. B．数字计算题．根据At present，the world has about 6，800 languages 及The median number (中位数)of speakers is a mere 6，000，which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that可知世界上的仅仅不到6000人却说的语言占到一半的世界语言，世界所有的语言大约有6800种，可知，6800*1/2=3400，故答案为B．4. C．主旨大意题．本文是一篇科教类阅读，文章讲述的是语言已经千百年的历史，不断地出现和消失，但最近新出现的语言越来越少，而消失地越来越多，随着社会和工业化的发展，语言消失地越来越快，由此可以判断人类的发展导致了更少的语言，故答案为C．【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．14．(8.00分)DWe may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new，but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置) well after they go out of style．That's bad news for the environment ﹣and our wallets ﹣as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things．To figure out how much power these devices are using，Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life ﹣from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device．This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s．Devices were grouped by generation．Desktop computers，basic mobile phones，and box﹣set TVs defined 1992．Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997．And MP3 players，smart phones，and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002，before tablets and e﹣readers showed up in 2007．As we accumulated more devices，however，we didn't throw out our old ones．"The living﹣room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room，and suddenly one day，you have a TV in every room of the house，" said one researcher．The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007．We're not just keeping these old devices﹣we continue to usethem．According to the analysis of Babbitt's team，old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window．So what's the solution(解决方案)？The team's data only went up to 2007，but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function，such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing．They found that more on﹣demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%．(1)What does the author think of new devices？AA. They are environment﹣friendly．B. They are no better than the old．C. They cost more to use at home．D. They go out of style quickly．(2)Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research？DA. To reduce the cost of minerals．B. To test the life cycle of a product．C. To update consumers on new technology．D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices．(3)Which of the following uses the least energy？BA. The box﹣set TV．B. The tablet．C. The L CD. TV．D．The desktop computer．(4)What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices？AA. Stop using them．B. Take them apart．C. Upgrade them．D. Recycle them．【分析】本文讲述的是持续使用旧的电子产品既不环保也不经济，研究人员测试出如果弃置旧电器，换用新的多功能电子产品，将有近一半的节能节省，所以使用新的电子产品有利于环境．【解答】ADBA1. A．细节理解题．根据文章第一段的两句话可知，第一句表明人们并不会迅速抛弃旧的电子产品，第二句That's bad news for the environment ﹣and our wallets ﹣as these outdated devices suck up much more energy than their newer counterparts 说明持续使用旧的电子产品对环境而言是不利的，因为旧电子产品更耗能．因此，新电子产品应该是相对节能，即环保的．A项意为"他们是环保的"．B项意为"他们并不比旧电子产品好"．C项意为"家用时他们更耗电"．D项意为"他们很快过时"．故正确答案为A．2. D．细节理解题．根据文章第二段第一句话中的To figure out how much power these devices are using 可知，实验的目的是测量这些电器的耗电量．A项意为"降低矿物成本"．B项意为"测试产品生命周期"．C项意为"使消费者了解新技术"．D项意为"测量这些电器的耗电量"．故正确答案为D．3. B．细节理解题．根据文章第四段最后一句话They found that more on﹣demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44% 可知，tablets 比TVs 和desktop computers 耗电量低，故tablets 是最省电的．A项意为"机顶盒式电视机"．B项意为"平板电脑"．C项意为"液晶电视"．D项意为"台式电脑"．故正确答案为B．4. A．推理判断题．根据文章的第一段可知，作者认为持续使用旧的电子产品既不环保也不经济，中间段落在测试各代电子产品进一步证明首段的观点．尾段谈到解决方案，研究人员测试出如果弃置旧电器，换用新的多功能电子产品，将有近一半的节能节省，因此可以得出，作者支持用新产品替代旧产品．A 项意为"停止使用它们"．B项意为"分解它们"．C项意为"升级它们"．D项意为"回收它们"．故正确答案为A．【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．第二节(毎小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项。