材料专业英语常见词汇
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化学元素(elements)化学元素,简称元素,是化学元素周期表中的基本组成,现有113种元素,其中原子序数从93到113号的元素是人造元素。
物质(matter)物质是客观实在,且能被人们通过某种方式感知和了解的东西,是元素的载体。
材料(materials)材料是能为人类经济地、用于制造有用物品的物质。
超导(Superconduct)物质在某个温度下电阻为零的现象为超导,我们称具有超导性质的材料为超导体。
材料科学(materials science)材料科学是一门科学,它从事于材料本质的发现、分析方面的研究,它的目的在于提供材料结构的统一描绘,或给出模型,并解释这种结构与材料的性能之间的关系。
材料工程(materials engineering)材料工程属技术的范畴,目的在于采用经济的、而又能为社会所接受的生产工艺、加工工艺控制材料的结构、性能和形状以达到使用要求。
材料科学与工程(materials science and engineering)材料科学与工程是研究有关材料的成份、结构和制造工艺与其性能和使用性能间相互关系的知识及这些知识的应用,是一门应用基础科学。
材料的成份、结构,制造工艺,性能及使用性能被认为是材料科学与工程的四个基本要素。
成份(composition)成分是指材料的化学组成及其所占比例。
组织、结构(morphology 、structure)组织结构是表示材料微观特征的。
组织是相的形态、分布的图象,其中用肉眼和放大镜观察到的为宏观组织,用显微镜观察到的为显微组织,用电子显微镜观察到的为电子显微组织。
结构是指材料中原子或分子的排列方式。
性能(property)性能是指材料所具有的性质与效用。
工艺(process)工艺是将原材料或半成品加工成产品的方法、技术等。
使用性能(performance)材料在具体的使用条件和环境下所表现出来的行为。
电负性( electro negativity )周期表中各元素的原子吸引电子能力的一种相对标度为电负性,又称负电性。
材料科学专业英语词汇(整理版)1. Introduction2. Basic Concepts3. Materials Classification4. Materials Properties5. Materials Testing6. Materials Processing7. Materials Characterization Techniques8. Materials Applications1. Introduction- Materials science: 材料科学- Field of study: 研究领域- Engineering materials: 工程材料- Physical properties: 物理特性- Chemical properties: 化学特性- Mechanical properties: 机械特性2. Basic Concepts- Atoms: 原子- Molecules: 分子- Electrons: 电子- Protons: 质子- Neutrons: 中子- Crystalline structure: 晶体结构- Amorphous structure: 非晶结构- Bonds: 键3. Materials Classification - Metals: 金属- Polymers: 聚合物- Ceramics: 陶瓷4. Materials Properties- Density: 密度- Hardness: 硬度- Strength: 强度- Heat resistance: 耐热性- Conductivity: 导电性- Insulation: 绝缘性- Corrosion resistance: 耐腐蚀性5. Materials Testing- Tensile test: 拉伸试验- Hardness test: 硬度测试- Impact test: 冲击试验- Fatigue test: 疲劳试验6. Materials Processing- Casting: 铸造- Forming: 成型- Machining: 机加工- Welding: 焊接- Heat treatment: 热处理7. Materials Characterization Techniques - Microscopy: 显微镜技术- X-ray diffraction: X射线衍射- Scanning electron microscopy: 扫描电子显微镜- Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy: 傅里叶红外光谱8. Materials Applications- Automotive: 汽车工业- Aerospace: 航空航天- Electronics: 电子工业- Construction: 建筑业- Biomedical: 生物医学以上是材料科学专业英语词汇的一些基本内容,供参考之用。
材料科学专业英语词汇a-grain 高铝颗粒A.S.T.M. specification A.S.T.M. 的规范abbe number or abbe value 阿贝值abbe refractometer 阿贝折射计abbertite 黑沥青ablation 耗损ablative shielding 剥落,散热性屏蔽(太空)abnormal setting 异常凝结abnormal steel 异常钢abradant 摩擦剂Abram's law 亚伯姆定律Abrams method of proportioning 阿不伦氏配合方法abrasion 磨耗abrasion cutting 磨切abrasion resistance 耐磨抗力abrasion test 磨耗试验abrasive 研磨剂,磨料abrasive belt 研磨带abrasive brick 研磨砖abrasive cloth 研磨布,砂布abrasive disc 金刚砂研磨盘abrasive grain 研磨粒abrasive grains 研磨粒abrasive hardness 耐磨硬度abrasive paper 砂纸abrasive paper 磨擦纸abrasive stone 磨石abrasive tool 磨具abrasive wheel 砂轮,磨轮abros 阿伯罗期1-一种抗腐蚀合金88%Ni;10%Cr;2%Mn)absolute temperature 绝对温度absorber1 中子吸收材料 2 动能吸收材料(如铅,金属,蜂巢,塑胶泡沫等) absorption 吸着absorption band 吸收带absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption edge 吸收限absorption limit 吸收限absorption test 吸收率试验absorption-type inhibitor (inhibiter)吸着型(腐蚀)抑制剂Abyssinian gold 阿比西尼亚金88%Cu,11.5%Zn,0.5%Au AC parametric test/AC testAC 参数试验/交流测试AC test 交流测试accelerated aging 加速老化(橡胶) accelerated cement 速凝水泥accelerated gum 速成胶acceleration 自旋马达之加速度特性acceleration factor 加速因数acceleration tube 加速管acceleration voltage 加速电压accelerator 催速剂;加速器acceptable wafer size 适用晶圆尺寸acceptor 受素;受体acceptor impurity 受素不纯物acceptor level1 受素能阶 2 受者能阶accessory mineral 附生矿物accommodation kink 缓和节accumulate/accumulation 累积加算accumulator metal 蓄电合金(90%Pb, 9.2%Sn, 0.8%Sb)accuracy 精度accuracy test 精度试验acetone 丙酮acetylene 乙炔acetylene tetrabromide 四溴化乙炔Acheson furnace 艾其逊炉(制碳化矽用电弧炉) Acheson process 艾其逊法(用电弧炉制碳化矽) acicular cast iron 针状铸体acicular powder 针状粉末acicular structure 针状组织acid Bessemer converter 酸性柏思麦转炉acid Bessemer process 酸性柏思麦法acid Bessemer steel 柏思麦钢acid brick 酸性砖acid brittleness 酸洗脆性acid bronze 耐酸青铜acid dip 酸浸acid earth 酸性土acid electric arc furnace 酸性电弧炉acid electric furnace 酸性电炉acid embossing 酸刻acid etching 酸蚀acid flux 酸性溶剂acid frosting 酸霜法(玻)acid hearth 酸性炉膛(床)acid lining1 酸性衬里 2 酸性炉衬acid open-hearth furnace 酸性平炉acid open-hearth process 酸性平炉法acid pickling 酸洗acid pig iron 酸性生铁acid polishing 酸磨光acid proof alloy 耐酸合金acid proof cast iron 耐酸铸铁acid refractories 酸性耐火材料acid refractory material 酸性耐火材料acid resisting cast iron 耐酸铸铁acid resisting enamel 抗酸搪瓷acid resisting steel 耐酸钢acid slag 酸性渣acid steel 酸性钢acid-core solder 酸心软焊条acid-proof brick 耐酸砖acid-proof cement 耐酸水泥acidic component 酸性成分acidic oxide 酸性氧化物acidic rock 酸性岩acidity 酸度acierage 电镀铁(钢)acieration 加碳於铁(钢)包括渗碳表面硬化表面渗覆acoustic fatigue 音波疲劳(亦称sonic fatigue 为由噪音或乱气流所产生之疲劳acoustic mill 音控磨acrolite1 陨石2 爱尔兰合金(12%Cu, 2%Mn 之活塞用铝合金)actinolite 阳起石activated absorption 活性吸着activated alumina 活性铝氧activated atom 活化原子activated carbon 活性碳activated charcoal 活性炭activated species 活性种activation 活性化activation analysis 活性分析activation energy 活性化能activation polarization 活性极化activator 活化剂active carbon 活性碳active clay 活性黏土active damper 有源阻尼器active load 有能源负载,主动负载active material 放射[性]材料active region 活性区active-passive metal 活性-钝态金属active-passive transition 活性-钝态转变activity1 活[性]度 2 活[性]量activity coefficient 活性系数activity index 活性指数actual wafer thickness 晶圆实际厚度adapter brick 楔砖(陶)adaptive controller/automatic thickness controller 自适控制器/自动厚度控制器adaptive Z functionZ 轴上承载压自动调整功能adaptor 接头addition agent 添日剂additive 添加剂address multiplex function 位址多工功能address scramble function 位址打散功能adherence test 黏着试验adhesion force 附着力adhesion promoter coat/vapor primer 黏着力促进膜涂敷/汽相底层adhesion strength 附着强度adhesives 黏合剂adiabatic change 绝热变化adiabatic compression 绝热压缩adiabatic curve 绝热曲线adiabatic deformation 绝热变形adiabatic demagnetization 绝热去磁adiabatic elasticity 绝热弹性adiabatic equation 绝热方程式adiabatic expansion 绝热膨胀adiabatic gradient 绝热梯度adiabatic invariance 绝热不变性adiabatic invariant 绝热不变量adiabatic potential 绝热电位adiabatic principle 绝热原理adiabatic process 绝热过程adiabatic system 绝热系统adjustable die 可调模具adjustable gauge 可调量规adjustable mandrel 可调心轴admiralty brass 海将炮铜admiralty metal 海将金属admixture 搀和物Adnic alloy 艾德立克合金(冷凝器管用之铜镍合金,70%Cu,29%Ni,1%Sn)adobe admixture 土砖;晒乾砖adsorbed film 吸附膜adsorbed layer 吸附层adsorption 吸附 [作用]adsorption energy 吸附能adularia 冰长石advance 艾德凡司(含40%-44%Ni 之铜合金热电偶用)advanced global alignment 进步型全晶圆调准AEC, Atomic Energy commission 原子能委员会aegirite 纯钠辉石aerated concrete 充气混凝土aeration 充气法aeration 充气(水泥)aeration cell 充气电池aerator 松砂机aerobic bacteria 嗜氧细菌aeroclay 风簸黏土aerograph 喷雾器aerolite1 陨石 2 爱罗耐合金(12%Cu, 2%Mn 其余为Al 制活塞用)aerospace corrosion 太空腐蚀aerospace material 太空材料aerugo 铜绿after blow1 後期吹炼2 後期吹风after contraction 再热收缩after cure/post cure 二次熟化/二次硬化after glow Microwave plasma enhanced CVD system 隔离行微波等离子体增强型CVD 系统after-corrosion 後端腐蚀after-treatment 後处理agalmatolite 寿山石agalmatolite brick 蜡石砖agate 玛瑙age 材龄age hardening 时效硬化agglomerated structure 聚结组织agglomerating 黏聚(从化工)agglomeration1 凝聚 2聚结aggregate 骨材;聚集体aggregate-cement ratio 骨材水泥比aging 时效aging crack 时效裂纹(痕)aging range 时效温度范围aging test 时效试验agitation 搅拌agitator 搅拌器agricultural steel 农具钢(0.25%-0.5%C)aguite 普通辉石air analysis 风析air analyzer 风析器air automatic welding 气体自动[电弧]焊接air belt1 风带 2 风箱air bending 空中弯折air blast 鼓风air blast quenching 强风淬火air blasting 鼓风air box 风箱air breakdown 空气绝缘破坏air brick 通风砖air burner 喷灯air carbon-arc cutting 空气炭弧切割air chamber 气室air channel 开路air chuck 气动夹头air classification 空气分级air compressor 空气压缩机air content test 空气含量试验air cooling[ 空]气冷[却]air craft quality steel 航空级用钢air deposited clay 风积黏土air dried strength 风乾强度air driven hammer 气动鎚air dry 兆乾air dry fiber 风乾纤维air dust 导气管air entraining admixture 输气搀加物air entraining agent 输气剂air entraining cement 拌沬水泥air entraining Portland cement 输气波特兰水泥air entrainment 输气air floated powder 风簸粉air flue 空气道air furnace 空气炉air gap 空气隙air gas furnace 煤气炉air gauge (quauanatic micrometer)空气量规air gun 气枪air hammer 空气鎚air hardening 风硬air hardening steel 风硬钢air hole 气孔air leakage test 漏气试验air lift 气升air melting 大开熔解air meter 气量计air nozzle 空气喷嘴air patenting 空气勒化air permeability 透气性air port 通气口air pressure 气压air pressure type 气压式air quenching cooler 风激泠却机(泥)air rammer 气动撞鎚air seal 气封air seal type clean draft chamber 密封式洁净通风室air seasoning 辈乾法air separator 风析机air set process 风硬[造模]法air setting[ 常温]空气自硬法air shrinkage 风乾收缩air sieve 风析air slaked lime 风化石灰air slide conveyor 滑运机air tension 空气张力air toughening 空气勒化[法]air uptake 空气喉道air vent 透气孔air weight control 风量控制air-acetylene 空气-乙炔air-annealing 空气退火air-borne sealing 吸粉封补air-entrained concrete 伴沫混凝土air-lift gravity drop hammer 气提自落鎚air-setting refractory mortar 风凝耐火泥air-slaked lime 风化石灰airless blast cleaner 离心喷砂机airless blast cleaning 离心喷光法airless spraying 压力喷涂AISIA (American Iron & Steel Institute)美国钢铁协会Aitch metal 爱蒂金属(含60%Cu,40%Zn,1-2þ, 有良好铸造性与强度)Ajax alloy 亚杰斯合金(-系一轴承,铸造用合金)Ajax-Northrup furnace 亚杰诺斯电炉Ajax-Scomet induction furnace 亚杰斯可美感应电炉Ajax-Wyatt furnace 亚杰卫特电炉Akrit 亚克里特(切割工具尖端硬材料含38%Co,30%Cr,16%W,10%Ni,4þ,2%C)al-fin process 铝翅法(以铝镀覆钢面之热浸法)alabaster 雪花石膏,纯白生石膏alabaster glass 雪花玻璃alabaster ware 雪花[骨灰] 瓷Alader 亚兰德合金Alar alloys 亚拉合金(一系列铝矽铸造合金,4.5-6% Si 或10-13% Si,其余为铝,有时少许Cu 和Zn)albany glaze 阿邦尼釉albata 洋银,德[国]银,铜镍合金Albatra alloy 亚伯他合金(家庭器血用,今60% Cu, 20%Zn, 有时加1-2% Pb)alberti furnace 阿伯蒂炉Albion metal 亚宾夹片金属(镀锡铝箔,作装饰品及玩具用)albite 钠长石albumen albumin 蛋白质(水溶性)ALCAN 加拿大铝业公司alchemy 链丹术alclad 铝夹板Alcoa 美国铝业公司alcogel 醇凝胶alcomax 亚可墨磁体合金(一系列硬脆永久磁性材料,含10%Al,15%Ni,20-25%Co, 其余为Fe, 另加少许F alcove 流槽Alcumite 亚克美拟金合金(金色铝青铜,8%Al,0-2þ,1%Ni, 其余为铜)Alcunic 亚克力合金(铝铜合金,16-27% Zn,2% Al,1% Ni, 其余为铜及1%以下Sn) aldip process 浸铝法(铝的热浸法)Aldural 亚杜拉铝夹板(杜拉铝两面包以商业用97.7%纯铝)aldurbra 亚杜保(一种铝黄铜,含2%Al,22%Zn, 其余为铜)alfenide 亚分镍黄铜(含(60%Cu,29%Zn,10%Ni,1þ)Alfenol 亚分铝铁合金(含14-18%Al, 其余为Fe, 具高导磁率,低磁滞,优良耐氧化性) alfer 亚福铝铁合金(含12%Al, 其余为Fe)alger metal 亚尔加合金(白色铸造合金,为廉价珠宝用,含90%Sn,10%Sb 与argentine metal 相若)algorithm controller 演算法控制器algorithmic pattern generator 演算法图案产生器aligner for large liquid crystal display substrate 大型液晶显示基板对准曝光器alignment 定向alignment accuracy 位置对准精确度alignment mark 对准标记alignment offset 对准偏移alignment scope 对准用双眼显微镜alignment stage 调准夹片台alite 矽酸三钙alitieren 渗铝法(铝粉渗透法)alkali 硷alkali (high) cement 高硷水泥alkali cleaning 硷洗alkali embrittlement 硷脆性alkali metals 硷金属alkali-aggregate expansion inhibitor 硷性-骨材膨胀抑制剂alkali-aggregate reaction 硷性骨材反应alkaline cleaning 硷洗alkaline earth metal 硷土金属alkaline glaze 硷性釉alkalinity 硷度alkalinity(PH4.8)含硷量(PH4.8) all-base furnace 全硷性炉all-mine pig-iron 原矿生铁allan metal 亚兰合金(一种轴承合金50%Cu,50%Pb, 有时加至5%Sn) alligator effect 鳄皮状效应(晶体之塑性变形而产生表面粗糙之金属片) alligator shears 鳄口形剪alligator skin 鳄皮状表面allomeric 同晶异晶allomorphous 同质异晶allophane 铝英石(从矿)allotriomorphic crystal 不整形晶体allotrope 同素异形体allotropic transformation 同素变态allotropy 同素异形allowable stress 许用应力allowance 裕度allowance for shrinkage 收缩裕度allowed band 容许带alloxite (alundum)刚铝石alloy 合金alloy carbide 合金碳化物alloy cast iron 合金铸铁alloy element 合金元素alloy pig iron 合金生铁Alloy plating 合金电镀alloy powder 铝金粉末alloy steel 合金钢alloy steel casting 合金钢铸件alloy strip 合金钢带alloy tool steel 合金工具钢alluvial clay 冲积黏土alluvial deposits 慢水流沉积物almandine 铁铝(石)榴子石alnico 亚力可(铝镍钴磁铁)alnico alloy 亚力可合金aloxite (同alundum)刚铝石alpax alloy 亚伯斯合金(铝矽合金)alpha brassα- 黄铜alpha bronzeα- 青铜alpha-beta titanium alloyα-β钛合金alpha-ironα- 铁alpha-particleα- 粒子alplate process 覆铝法alsifer 铝矽铁(一种40þ,40%Si,20%Al 之合金) alteration 交变(从物)alternate firing 交互烧制alternate wet and dry test 交替乾湿试验alternating bend test 反覆弯曲试验alternating stress 交替应力aludip 铝浸钢片(以热浸法镀铝之钢片)alum 明矾alumel 亚铝美(热电偶用98%Ni, 2%Al)alumel-chromel thermocouple 亚铝美-克铬美热电偶alumilite cement 高铝水泥alumilite process 铝阳极氧化法alumina 铝氧,氧化铝alumina brick 氧化铝砖,铝氧砖alumina cement 矾土水泥alumina porcelain 高铝瓷alumina whiteware 高铝白瓷器alumina-silica refractory 矽铝耐火物aluminizing (calorizing)渗铝法alumino thermic process 铝热法alumino-nickle 铝镍合金alumino-silicate 铝矽砖aluminous cement 高铝水泥aluminum (aluminium)铝aluminum alloy 铝合金aluminum alloy casting 铝合金铸件aluminum brass 铝黄铜aluminum bronze 铝青铜aluminum cast iron 铝铸铁aluminum deoxidation 加铝脱氧aluminum foil 铝箔aluminum ink 铝墨汁aluminum ion 铝离子aluminum oxide tool 氧化铝刀具aluminum removal 除铝剂aluminum soap 铝皂aluminum solder 铝焊料aluminum soldering 铝软焊aluminum-tin bearings 铝锡轴承(一种轻轴承金属10%Sn,0.5%P,0.25%Pb, 其余为铝) alumna 亚铝锰(含15% Mn 之铝合金有良好防锈及深冲性)alundum 刚铝石alundum (同aloxite)刚铝石alunite 明矾石alzak process 亚砂克法(用於铝合金反射器及装饰品之一种专利电解研磨法) amalgam 汞齐amalgamate 汞齐化amalgamation 汞齐法amber 琥珀amber blanket 琥珀色胶泡amber glass 琥珀色玻璃amblygonite 鏻铝石ambrac AA 式安培克合金(一种铜镍锌合金)ambraloy 安培乐合金(一种铝青铜)ambrose alloys 安布洛白铜(含65-75%Cu,20-30%Ni,5%Zn,0.5%Mn 类似於nickel-silver)American Concrete Institute (A.C.I)美国混凝土学会American gold 美国金币合金(90%Au,10%Cu)American Society for Testing Materials (A.S.T.M)美国材料试验学会amethyst 紫水晶ammonia carburizing 氨渗碳ammonia leaching1 氨水浸滤 2 氨水浸洗amorphous 非晶[形]的amorphous cement hypothesis 非晶质填充说amorphous graphite 非晶质石墨amorphous material1 非晶态材料 2 非晶质材料amorphous state 非晶质状态amorphous theory 非晶质学说amount of finish 加工量amount of oxygen precipitation 析出氧气量ampco metal 安柯金属amphoteric element 两性元素amphoteric refractory (neutral refractory)中性耐火材料ampoule 安亨(密封管)ampoule tube 密闭瓶管AMS (Aerospace Material Specification)[美国]太空材料规格AMU (Atomic Mass Unit)原子质量单位anaerobic bacteria 厌氧细菌analog test system 类比测试系统analog-digital mixed mode simulator 类比/数位混合型模拟器analyzer1 分析仪 2 析光镜analyzing chamber 分析管〈腔〉analyzing magnet 分析磁铁anatase 锐钛矿(TiO2)anatomical alloys 骨外科合金(钴,银,vitallium)anchor post 撑柱andalusite 红柱石andesine 中性长石(从矿)andesite 安山石(从矿)andrades law of transient creep 安瑞德过渡潜变定律andradite 钙铁石榴石anelastic creep 滞弹性潜变anelastic strain 滞弹性应变anelasticity 滞弹性angle 角形料angle bar 角铁angle of aperture 孔衡角(显微镜)angle of bite 咬角(轧辊)angle of nip 挟角angle steel 角钢angle, dihedral 二面角angle-resolved Auger electron spectroscopy 角度分解奥格电子光谱学anglesite 铅矾anhedralization 常界anhedrall 失界面anhydrite 无水石膏anion 阴离子anisothermal diagram 非恒温变态图anisothermal transformation 非恒温变态anisotropic etching 各向异性蚀刻,非等向性蚀刻anisotropic substance 异向性物质anisotropy 界向性anka 安克不锈钢(一种18-8不锈钢)anneal 退火处理anneal, annealing 退火annealed condition 退火状态annealed material 退火材料annealed structure 退火组织annealing 徐冷(玻)annealing box 退火箱annealing chamber 退火处理室annealing embrittlement 退火脆性annealing furnace 退火炉annealing point 退火点;钝化点;annealing pot 退火罐annealing temperature 退火温度annealing texture 退火织构annealing twin 退火双晶annealing uniformity 退火处理之均质性annealing-point temperature 韕化点温度annular kiln 环窑anode 阳极anode copper 阳极铜anode corrosion efficiency 阳极腐蚀效率anode coupling 阳极耦合anode dissolution 阳极分解anode effect 阳极效应anode efficiency 阳极效率anode material 阳极材料anode mud (同anode slime)阳极泥anode pickling 阳极浸渍(法)anode slime 阳极泥(同anode mud)anodic coating 阳极护膜anodic control 阳极控制anodic oxidation 阳极氧化anodic protection 阳极防蚀anodic reaction 阳极反应anodizing1 阳极处理 2 阳极氧化anodizing treatment 阳极处理anolyte 阳极电解液anorthite 钙斜长石anorthoclase 钠微斜长石(从矿) antenna ratio 天线比anthracite 无烟煤anti reflection coating 防反射涂膜anti-carburizer 渗炭防止剂anti-corrosion 耐蚀anti-corrosion alloy 耐蚀合金anti-corrosion paint 防锈漆anti-ferromagnetism 反磁铁性anti-fouling compound 防?附化合物(船底油漆用)anti-friction metal 耐磨金属anti-oxidant 抗氧化剂anti-oxidation 抗氧化anti-oxidation additives 抗氧化添加剂anti-piping compound 冒口保温剂anti-rusting grease 防锈脂anti-static tile 反静电砖anti-sweat insulation 防湿绝缘anticorodal aluminum 耐蚀铝(一系族可热处理耐腐蚀的铝合金) antiferroelectric 反强电介体的antiferromagnetism 反铁磁性(从物)antimonial lead 含锑铅antimony yellow 锑黄antimony (SB,51)锑antiphase domain 逆相区antique glass 仿古玻璃anvil 砧anylyzing magnet 分析磁铁apatite 磷灰石API (American Petroleum Institute)美国石油学会aplite 半花冈岩apparent density 视密度apparent hardness 视硬度apparent modulus 视模数apparent porosity 视孔率apparent solid density 视固体密度apparent solid volume 视固体体积apparent specific gravity 视比重application box 操做箱application specific IC(ASIC)特殊应用IC application specific standard produce 特殊应用标准产品aqua regia 王水aquadag 胶体石墨aragonite 文石,霰石aragonite 文石arbor 心轴arborescent powder 树枝状粉未arc brick 拱砖arc chamber 电弧室,电弧腔arc cutting 电弧切割arc furmace 电弧炉arc furnace 电弧炉arc lamp annealer 弧光灯退火处理机arc melting, vacuum 真空电弧泰炼arc spraying 电弧喷敷法arc welding 电弧焊接arch brick 拱砖arch-frame press 拱架压机architectural bronze 建筑青铜archless continuous kiln 无拱连续窑archless kiln 无拱窑area defect test 面积缺陷试验arenaceous limestone 矽质灰石argent Francais 亚琴法兰西合金(含(35-60% Cu,20-40%Ag,3-30%Ni)argentine metal 阿根近金属(含85%Sn,15%Sb 为廉价首饰用白色铸造合金与alger metal 相若)argillaceous limestone 黏土质灰石argillaceous materials 黏土质材料argon arc welding 氩气,电弧焊接argon purifier 氩纯化器argon (Ar,18)氩argonaut welding 氩伴自动[电弧]焊接armco iron 亚姆克铁(工业用纯铁)armor plate 装甲板Armouring 装甲arrest point 停留点arrhenius equation 阿瑞尼氏方程式Arrhenius graph/Arrhenius plot 阿列尼厄图表arris 锋口arsenic (As,22)砷arsenical copper 含砷铜art marbles 艺术大理石artic bronze 北极青铜(硬模铸造含铅青铜) artificial abrasive 人造磨消料artificial age-hardening 人工时效硬化artificial aging 人工时效artificial graphite 人造石墨artificial graphite 人造石墨artificial magnet 人造磁体artificial meteor 人造流星artificial nuclear 人造核artificial puzzolana cement 人造火山灰水泥artwork 工艺图as cast [condition] 铸造状态as ingot [condition] 铸锭状态as quenched [condition] 淬火状态as received [condition] 原有状挚as rolled [condition] 巴制状态as-cut wafer 原切割晶圆ASARCO shaft furnace 亚萨柯直井炉asbestine 石棉质asbestos 石棉asbestos pulp 石棉浆asbolite 钴土(从矿)ascending kiln 阶级窑;目字窑ash 灰ASIC micro computer 微电脑aspect ratio 纵横尺寸比asperity 平坦表面之突点asphalt1 沥青 2柏油asphalt block 柏油砖,沥青砖asphalt cement 沥青胶泥asphalt coal 沥青煤asphalt cutback 涂料沥青asphalt felt 油毛毡asphalt flux 沥青溶剂asphalt paper 沥青纸asphaltene 沥青质asphaltic base 沥青基asphaltic fitumen 沥青系asphaltization 沥青化asphaltum 沥青,柏油(同asphalt)试金assayijng 试金astatine? (At,85)asterism 星芒(模糊星状绕射点)aston process 艾士通[熟铁制造]法asynchronous design 非同步设计AT speed test 时间延迟测试athermal transformation 非热变态atlas alloy 亚特拉斯合金(一种含9%Al,1þ 的铝青铜)Atmosphere 蒙气Atmosphere corrosion 大气腐蚀atmosphere pressure method 大气压法atmospheric pressure CVD system 大气压CVD 系统atmospheric pressure vapor phase epitaxial growth system 大气压汽相磊晶生长系统atmospheric presure vapor phase epitaxial growth system 大气压汽相磊晶生长系统atmospheric thermal oxidation furnace 大气压热氧化炉Atom 原子Atom size1 原子粒度 2原子大小Atomalloy treatment 超硬渗透处理Atomic chain reaction 原子连销反应Atomic coordinate 原子配位Atomic disintegration 原子蜕变Atomic energy 原子能atomic force microscope 原子间力显微镜Atomic form factor 原子构型因素Atomic heat 原子热atomic layer epitaxial growth system 原子层磊晶生长系统Atomic mass 原子质量Atomic number 原子序Atomization 雾化Atomized metal powder 雾化金属粉Atomizing 雾化ATR alloyA.T.R 合金(含0.5%Cu,0.5%Mo之Zr合金用於以CO2冷?之反应物)Attack 侵蚀Attraction force 吸引力Attrition 擦耗attrition mill 磨粉机audio signal measurement 声频信号测试Audiolloy 音响用合金(一种导磁性极高之铁镍合金)auger 螺钻Auger electron appearance spectroscopy 奥格电子出现电位光谱学Auger electron spectrometer 奥谐电子分光仪Auger electron spectroscopy 奥格电子光谱学Ausaging 沃斯时效Ausforming 沃斯成形法Austempering 沃斯回火Austenite1 沃斯田铁 2沃斯田体Austenite grain size 沃斯田体晶粒大小Austenitic alloy steel 沃斯田合金钢Austenitic cast iron 沃斯田铸铁Austenitic chrome nickel steel 沃斯田镍铬钢Austenitic manganese steel 沃斯田锰钢Austenitic stainless steel 沃斯田不锈钢Austenitic structure 沃斯田铁组织Austenitizing (austenitising)沃斯田铁化Austenitizing temperature 沃斯田铁化温度Australian gold 澳大利亚金(8.33%Ag,其余为Au)Auto frettage 自紧法auto placement and routing 自动配置与配线Autoclave1 热压釜2 均压釜 3蒸煮釜Autoclave test 热压膨胀试验Autoclaved light weight concrete 热压养护轻质混凝土autocombustion system 自动燃烧系统Autogenous welding 自熔熔接autohandler 自动程序处理机autolysis 自消化Automatic batching equipment 自动配料设备automatic calibration function 自动校正功能automatic chemical diluting and mixing equipment 药品自动稀释混合设备Automatic control system 自动控制系统automatic damper/exhaust for coater 自动风门/涂料器排气automatic diameter control system 自动直径控制器automatic exhaust air mechanism 自动排热机构automatic fire extinguisher 自动灭火机automatic flatness controller 自动平面度控制器Automatic gauge controlAGC 自动仪表控制automatic melt level control system 自动融液面控制器automatic pressure contol 自动压力控制automatic probe to pad alignment function 自动探针对准衬垫功能automatic single wafer polishing machine 自动单晶圆抛光机automatic sizing device 自动定尺寸装置automatic temperature controller 自动温度控制器automatic test equipment 自动测试装置automatic test pattern generation 自动产生测试图案automatic test program generator 自动测试程式产生器automatically cutter set 自动切割机设定automatically set-up 自动调定Autoradiography1 辐射热自记法;2放射线自记法Auxiliary anode 辅助阳极availability 利用度,利用率available lime 有效石灰aventurine glaze 金星釉Avialfe 艾维夫铜(一种铝青铜)Avogadro's number 亚佛加德罗[常]数axial ratio 轴率axinite 斧石Azurite 蓝铜矿(2CuCoo3、Cu(OH02)。
材料专业英语必背词汇汇总下面是一些材料专业英语必备词汇的汇总:1. Material(材料)2. Property(性能)3. Structure(结构)5. Alloy(合金)7. Polymer(聚合物)8. Ceramics(陶瓷)9. Metal(金属)10. Mechanical(机械性能)11. Electrical(电性能)12. Thermal(热性能)13. Optical(光学性能)14. Strength(强度)15. Toughness(韧性)16. Hardness(硬度)17. Ductility(延展性)18. Brittleness(脆性)19. Elasticity(弹性)20. Conductivity(导电性)21. Corrosion(腐蚀)22. Fatigue(疲劳)23. Fracture(断裂)24. Melting point(熔点)25. Boiling point(沸点)26. Density(密度)27. Thermal conductivity(热导率)28. Modulus(模量)29. Creep(蠕变)30. Solubility(溶解性)31. Resistance(电阻)32. Stiffness(刚度)33. Viscoelasticity(粘弹性)34. Malleability(延展性)35. Refractivity(折射性)36. Optoelectronic(光电子)37. Processing(加工)38. Fabrication(制造)39. Casting(铸造)40. Welding(焊接)41. Machining(机械加工)42. Forming(成形)43. Molding(塑料成型)44. Extrusion(挤压)45. Injection molding(注塑)46. Sintering(烧结)47. Annealing(退火)48. Quenching(淬火)49. Tempering(回火)50. Brazing(钎焊)请注意,这只是一些基本的词汇,因此在学习材料专业英语时还应该扩展词汇量,并结合具体的材料科学与工程知识进行学习和实践。
材料专业英语常见词汇(一Structure 组织Ceramic 陶瓷Ductility 塑性Stiffness 刚度Grain 晶粒Phase 相Unit cell 单胞Bravais lattice 布拉菲点阵Stack 堆垛Crystal 晶体Metallic crystal structure 金属性晶体点阵Non-directional 无方向性Face-centered cubic 面心立方Body-centered cubic 体心立方Hexagonal close-packed 密排六方Copper 铜Aluminum 铝Chromium 铬Tungsten 钨Crystallographic Plane 晶面Crystallographic direction 晶向Property 性质Miller indices 米勒指数 Lattice parameters 点阵参数Tetragonal 四方的Hexagonal 六方的Orthorhombic 正交的Rhombohedra 菱方的Monoclinic 单斜的Prism 棱镜Cadmium 镉Coordinate system 坐Point defec点缺陷Lattice 点阵Vacancy 空位Solidification 结晶Interstitial 间隙Substitution 置换Solid solution strengthening 固溶强化Diffusion 扩散Homogeneous 均匀的Diffusion Mechanisms 扩散机制Lattice distortion 点阵畸变Self-diffusion 自扩散Fick’s First Law菲克第一定律Unit time 单位时间Coefficient 系数Concentration gradient 浓度梯度Dislocations 位错Linear defect 线缺陷Screw dislocation 螺型位错Edge dislocation 刃型位错Vector 矢量Loop 环路Burgers’vector柏氏矢量Perpendicular 垂直于Surfacedefect 面缺陷Grain boundary 晶界Twin boundary 晶界Shear force 剪应力Deformation 变形Small ( or low) angel grain boundary 小角度晶界Tilt boundary 倾斜晶界Supercooled 过冷的Solidification 凝固Ordering process 有序化过程Crystallinity 结晶度Microstructure 纤维组织Term 术语Phase Diagram 相图Equilibrium 平衡Melt 熔化Cast 浇注Crystallization 结晶Binary Isomorphous Systems 二元匀晶相图Soluble 溶解Phase Present 存在相Locate 确定Tie line 连接线Isotherm 等温线Concentration 浓度Intersection 交点The Lever Law 杠杆定律Binary Eutectic System 二元共晶相图Solvus Line 溶解线Invariant 恒定Isotherm 恒温线Cast Iron 铸铁Ferrite 珠光体Polymorphic transformation 多晶体转变Austenite 奥氏体Revert 回复Intermediate compound 中间化合物Cementite 渗碳体Vertical 垂线Nonmagnetic 无磁性的Solubility 溶解度Brittle 易脆的Eutectic 共晶Eutectoid invariant point 共析点Phase transformation 相变Allotropic 同素异形体Recrystallization 再结晶Metastable 亚稳的Martensitic transformation 马氏体转变Lamellae 薄片Simultaneously 同时存在Pearlite 珠光体Ductile 可塑的Mechanically 机械性能Hypo eutectoid 过共析的Particle 颗粒Matrix 基体Proeutectoid 先共析Hypereutectoid 亚共析的Bainite 贝氏体Martensite 马氏体Linearity 线性的Stress-strain curve 应力-应变曲线Proportional limit 比例极限Tensile strength 抗拉强度Ductility 延展性Percent reduction in area 断面收缩率Hardness 硬度Modulus of Elasticity 弹性模量Tolerance 公差Rub 摩擦Wear 磨损Corrosion resistance 抗腐蚀性Aluminum 铝Zinc 锌Iron ore 铁矿Blast furnace 高炉Coke 焦炭Limestone 石灰石Slag 熔渣Pig iron 生铁Ladle 钢水包Silicon 硅Sulphur 硫Wrought 可锻的Graphite 石墨Flaky 片状Low-carbon steels 低碳钢Case hardening 表面硬化Medium-carbon steels 中碳钢Electrode 电极As a rule 通常Preheating 预热Quench 淬火Body-centered lattice 体心晶格Carbide 碳化物Hypereutectoid 过共晶Chromium 铬Manganese 锰Molybdenum 钼Titanium 钛Cobalt 钴Tungsten 钨Vanadium 钒Pearlitic microstructure 珠光体组织Martensitic microstructure 马氏体组织Viscosity 粘性Wrought 锻造的Magnesium 镁Flake 片状Malleable 可锻的Nodular 球状Spheroidal 球状Superior property 优越性Galvanization 镀锌Versatile 通用的Battery grid 电极板Calcium 钙Tin 锡Toxicity 毒性Refractory 耐火的Platinum 铂Polymer 聚合物Composite 混合物Erosive 腐蚀性Inert 惰性Thermo chemically 热化学Generator 发电机Flaw 缺陷Variability 易变的Annealing 退火Tempering 回火Texture 织构Kinetic 动力学Peculiarity 特性Critical point 临界点Dispersity 弥散程度Spontaneous 自发的Inherent grain 本质晶粒Toughness 韧性Rupture 断裂Kinetic curve of transformation 转变动力学曲线Incubation period 孕育期Sorbite 索氏体Troostite 屈氏体Disperse 弥散的Granular 颗粒状Metallurgical 冶金学的Precipitation 析出Depletion 减少Quasi-eutectoid 伪共析Superposition 重叠Supersede 代替Dilatometric 膨胀Unstable 不稳定Supersaturate 使过饱和Tetragonality 正方度Shear 切变Displacement 位移Irreversible 不可逆的金属材料工程专业英语acid-base equilibrium酸碱平衡 acid-base indicator酸碱指示剂 acid bath酸槽acid(Bessemer)converter酸性转炉 acid brick酸性耐火砖 acid brittleness酸洗脆性、氢脆性 acid burden酸性炉料 acid clay酸性粘土 acid cleaning(同pickling)酸洗 acid concentration酸浓度 acid converter酸性转炉 acid converter steel酸性转炉钢 acid content酸含量 acid corrosion酸腐蚀 acid deficient弱酸的、酸不足的 acid dip酸浸acid dip pickler(沉浸式) 酸洗装置 acid(dip)tank酸液(浸洗)槽acid drain tank排酸槽acidless descaling无酸除鳞acid medium酸性介质acid mist酸雾acid-proof paint耐酸涂料(漆)acid-proof steel耐酸钢acid-resistant耐酸钢acid-resisting vessel耐酸槽acid strength酸浓度acid supply pump供酸泵acid wash 酸洗acid value酸值acid wash solution酸洗液acieration渗碳、增碳Acm point Acm 转变点(渗碳体析出温度)acorn nut螺母、螺帽acoustic absorption coefficient声吸收系数acoustic susceptance声纳actifier再生器action line作用线action spot作用点activated atom激活原子activated bath活化槽activated carbon活性碳activating treatment活化处理active corrosion活性腐蚀、强烈腐蚀active area有效面积active power有功功率、有效功率active product放射性产物active resistance有效电阻、纯电阻active roll gap轧辊的有效(或工作)开口度active state活性状态active surface 有效(表)面activity coefficient激活系数、活度系数actual diameter(钢丝绳)实际直径actual efficiency实际效率actual error实际误差actual time实时actual working stress实际加工应力actuating device调节装置、传动装置、起动装置actuating lever驱动杆、起动杆actuating mechanism 动作机构、执行机构actuating motor驱动电动机、伺服电动机actuating pressure作用压力actuation shaft起动轴actuator调节器、传动装置、执行机构acute angle锐角adaptive feed back control自适应反馈控制adaptive optimization自适应最优化adaptor接头、接合器、连结装置、转接器、附件材料科学基础专业词汇:第一章晶体结构原子质量单位 Atomic mass unit (amu) 原子数 Atomic number 原子量 Atomic weight 波尔原子模型 Bohr atomic model 键能 Bonding energy 库仑力 Coulombic force共价键 Covalent bond 分子的构型 molecular configuration电子构型electronic configuration 负电的 Electronegative 正电的 Electropositive基态 Ground state 氢键 Hydrogen bond 离子键 Ionic bond 同位素 Isotope金属键 Metallic bond 摩尔 Mole 分子 Molecule 泡利不相容原理 Pauli exclusion principle元素周期表 Periodic table 原子 atom 分子 molecule 分子量 molecule weight极性分子 Polar molecule 量子数 quantum number 价电子 valence electron范德华键 van der waals bond 电子轨道 electron orbitals 点群 point group对称要素 symmetry elements 各向异性 anisotropy 原子堆积因数 atomic packing factor(APF)体心立方结构 body-centered cubic (BCC) 面心立方结构 face-centered cubic (FCC) 布拉格定律bragg’s law 配位数 coordination number 晶体结构 crystal structure 晶系crystal system 晶体的crystalline 衍射diffraction 中子衍射neutron diffraction电子衍射electron diffraction 晶界grain boundary 六方密堆积hexagonal close-packed (HCP)鲍林规则Pauling’s rules NaCl型结构 NaCl-type structureCsCl型结构Caesium Chloride structure 闪锌矿型结构 Blende-type structure纤锌矿型结构 Wurtzite structure 金红石型结构 Rutile structure萤石型结构 Fluorite structure 钙钛矿型结构 Perovskite-type structure尖晶石型结构 Spinel-type structure 硅酸盐结构 Structure of silicates岛状结构 Island structure 链状结构 Chain structure 层状结构 Layer structure架状结构 Framework structure 滑石 talc 叶蜡石 pyrophyllite 高岭石 kaolinite石英 quartz 长石 feldspar 美橄榄石 forsterite 各向同性的 isotropic各向异性的anisotropy晶格lattice 晶格参数lattice parameters 密勒指数miller indices 非结晶的noncrystalline多晶的 polycrystalline 多晶形 polymorphism 单晶single crystal 晶胞 unit cell 电位 electron states(化合)价 valence 电子 electrons 共价键 covalent bonding金属键 metallic bonding 离子键Ionic bonding 极性分子 polar molecules原子面密度 atomic planar density 衍射角 diffraction angle 合金 alloy粒度,晶粒大小 grain size 显微结构 microstructure 显微照相 photomicrograph扫描电子显微镜 scanning electron microscope (SEM)透射电子显微镜 transmission electron microscope (TEM) 重量百分数 weight percent 四方的 tetragonal 单斜的monoclinic 配位数 coordination number材料科学基础专业词汇:第二章晶体结构缺陷缺陷 defect, imperfection 点缺陷 point defect 线缺陷 line defect, dislocation 面缺陷 interface defect 体缺陷 volume defect 位错排列 dislocation arrangement 位错线 dislocation line 刃位错 edge dislocation 螺位错 screw dislocation混合位错 mixed dislocation 晶界 grain boundaries 大角度晶界 high-angle grain boundaries小角度晶界 tilt boundary, 孪晶界 twin boundaries 位错阵列 dislocation array位错气团 dislocation atmosphere 位错轴dislocation axis 位错胞 dislocation cell 位错爬移dislocation climb 位错聚结dislocation coalescence 位错滑移dislocation slip位错核心能量 dislocation core energy 位错裂纹 dislocation crack位错阻尼 dislocation damping 位错密度 dislocation density原子错位 substitution of a wrong atom 间隙原子 interstitial atom晶格空位 vacant lattice sites 间隙位置 interstitial sites 杂质 impurities弗伦克尔缺陷 Frenkel disorder 肖脱基缺陷 Schottky disorder 主晶相 the host lattice错位原子 misplaced atoms 缔合中心 Associated Centers. 自由电子 Free Electrons 电子空穴Electron Holes 伯格斯矢量 Burgers 克罗各-明克符号 Kroger Vink notation 中性原子 neutral atom材料科学基础专业词汇:第二章晶体结构缺陷-固溶体固溶体 solid solution 固溶度 solid solubility 化合物 compound间隙固溶体 interstitial solid solution 置换固溶体 substitutional solid solution 金属间化合物 intermetallics 不混溶固溶体 immiscible solid solution转熔型固溶体 peritectic solid solution 有序固溶体 ordered solid solution无序固溶体 disordered solid solution 固溶强化 solid solution strengthening取代型固溶体 Substitutional solid solutions 过饱和固溶体 supersaturated solid solution非化学计量化合物 Nonstoichiometric compound材料科学基础专业词汇:第三章熔体结构熔体结构 structure of melt过冷液体 supercooling melt 玻璃态 vitreous state软化温度 softening temperature 粘度 viscosity 表面张力 Surface tension介稳态过渡相 metastable phase 组织 constitution 淬火 quenching退火的 softened 玻璃分相 phase separation in glasses 体积收缩 volume shrinkage材料科学基础专业词汇:第四章固体的表面与界面表面 surface 界面 interface 同相界面 homophase boundary异相界面 heterophase boundary 晶界 grain boundary 表面能 surface energy小角度晶界 low angle grain boundary 大角度晶界 high angle grain boundary共格孪晶界 coherent twin boundary 晶界迁移 grain boundary migration错配度 mismatch 驰豫 relaxation 重构 reconstuction 表面吸附 surface adsorption 表面能 surface energy 倾转晶界 titlt grain boundary 扭转晶界 twist grain boundary 倒易密度 reciprocal density 共格界面 coherent boundary 半共格界面 semi-coherent boundary 非共格界面 noncoherent boundary 界面能 interfacial free energy应变能 strain energy 晶体学取向关系 crystallographic orientation惯习面habit plane材料科学基础专业词汇:第五章相图相图 phase diagrams 相 phase 组分 component 组元 compoonent相律 Phase rule 投影图 Projection drawing 浓度三角形 Concentration triangle冷却曲线 Cooling curve 成分 composition 自由度 freedom相平衡 phase equilibrium 化学势 chemical potential 热力学 thermodynamics相律 phase rule 吉布斯相律 Gibbs phase rule 自由能 free energy吉布斯自由能 Gibbs free energy 吉布斯混合能 Gibbs energy of mixing吉布斯熵 Gibbs entropy 吉布斯函数 Gibbs function 热力学函数 thermodynamics function热分析 thermal analysis 过冷 supercooling 过冷度 degree of supercooling杠杆定律 lever rule 相界 phase boundary 相界线 phase boundary line相界交联 phase boundary crosslinking 共轭线 conjugate lines相界有限交联 phase boundary crosslinking 相界反应 phase boundary reaction相变 phase change 相组成 phase composition 共格相 phase-coherent金相相组织 phase constentuent 相衬 phase contrast 相衬显微镜 phase contrast microscope相衬显微术 phase contrast microscopy 相分布 phase distribution相平衡常数 phase equilibrium constant 相平衡图 phase equilibrium diagram相变滞后 phase transition lag 相分离 phase segregation 相序 phase order相稳定性 phase stability 相态 phase state 相稳定区 phase stabile range相变温度 phase transition temperature 相变压力 phase transition pressure同质多晶转变 polymorphic transformation 同素异晶转变 allotropic transformation 相平衡条件phase equilibrium conditions 显微结构microstructures 低共熔体eutectoid不混溶性 immiscibility材料科学基础专业词汇:第六章扩散活化能 activation energy 扩散通量 diffusion flux 浓度梯度 concentration gradient 菲克第一定律Fick’s first law 菲克第二定律Fick’s second law 相关因子correlation factor稳态扩散 steady state diffusion 非稳态扩散 nonsteady-state diffusion扩散系数 diffusion coefficient 跳动几率 jump frequency填隙机制 interstitalcy mechanism 晶界扩散 grain boundary diffusion短路扩散 short-circuit diffusion 上坡扩散 uphill diffusion 下坡扩散 Downhill diffusion互扩散系数 Mutual diffusion 渗碳剂 carburizing 浓度梯度 concentration gradient 浓度分布曲线 concentration profile 扩散流量 diffusion flux 驱动力 driving force 间隙扩散interstitial diffusion 自扩散self-diffusion 表面扩散surface diffusion空位扩散 vacancy diffusion 扩散偶 diffusion couple 扩散方程 diffusion equation 扩散机理 diffusion mechanism 扩散特性 diffusion property 无规行走 Random walk 达肯方程 Dark equation 柯肯达尔效应 Kirkendall equation本征热缺陷 Intrinsic thermal defect 本征扩散系数 Intrinsic diffusion coefficient 离子电导率 Ion-conductivity 空位机制 Vacancy concentration材料科学基础专业词汇:第七章相变过冷 supercooling 过冷度 degree of supercooling 晶核 nucleus 形核 nucleation形核功 nucleation energy 晶体长大 crystal growth 均匀形核 homogeneous nucleation 非均匀形核 heterogeneous nucleation 形核率 nucleation rate 长大速率 growth rate 热力学函数 thermodynamics function 临界晶核 critical nucleus临界晶核半径 critical nucleus radius 枝晶偏析 dendritic segregation局部平衡 localized equilibrium 平衡分配系数 equilibrium distributioncoefficient 有效分配系数effective distribution coefficient 成分过冷constitutional supercooling引领(领先)相 leading phase 共晶组织 eutectic structure 层状共晶体 lamellar eutectic伪共晶 pseudoeutectic 离异共晶 divorsed eutectic 表面等轴晶区 chill zone柱状晶区 columnar zone 中心等轴晶区 equiaxed crystal zone定向凝固unidirectional solidification 急冷技术splatcooling 区域提纯zone refining单晶提拉法 Czochralski method 晶界形核 boundary nucleation位错形核 dislocation nucleation 晶核长大 nuclei growth斯宾那多分解 spinodal decomposition 有序无序转变 disordered-order transition 马氏体相变 martensite phase transformation 马氏体 martensite材料科学基础专业词汇:第八、九章固相反应和烧结固相反应solid state reaction 烧结sintering 烧成fire 合金alloy 再结晶Recrystallization二次再结晶 Secondary recrystallization 成核 nucleation 结晶 crystallization子晶,雏晶 matted crystal 耔晶取向 seed orientation 异质核化 heterogeneous nucleation均匀化热处理 homogenization heat treatment 铁碳合金 iron-carbon alloy渗碳体 cementite 铁素体 ferrite 奥氏体austenite 共晶反应 eutectic reaction固溶处理 solution heat treatment。
word pronunciationgrammar meaning sentencespeakoutarbitrar y 任意的,武断的,专制的invariab ly 不变的,一定的sharply剧烈的electrical power电源blastfurnace高炉coke焦炭Iron ore铁矿石limestone石灰石reduction还原反应slag炉渣Property性能Loadsupportpig iron生铁cupola化铁炉ladle钢水包Fule燃料Flux溶剂mold模具tension拉力intricate复杂的negligib le 微不足道的wrought iron 锻铁,熟铁Freegraphite自由石墨flack graphite 片状的石墨mildsteel低碳钢ferrousalloy铁合金moderatelypriced价格适中ductile延展Elastic弹性durable耐用的non-ferrousalloy有色金属eminentlypractical非常实用ballbearings滚珠轴承metalsheet金属板AISIcodedesignation规定牌号plainsteel碳素钢approximate近似的highstrength lowalloy steel 高强度低合金钢proprietary专卖的specifie d 规定的,详细说明的optimal 最佳的,最理想的hotrolling热轧elevated提高的stressrelief应力消除justification理由superall oy 超耐热高应力耐蚀合金turbineblade涡轮叶片rust生锈chromium铬austenite奥氏体nickel镍ferritic stainles s steel 铁素体不锈钢servicea ble 可以使用的quench淬火body centeredtetragon al crystal structur e 体心四方晶体结构yield high strength 产生高强度cutlery 刀具,餐具spring弹簧precipitationhardening沉淀硬化essentially本质上dislocationmotion位错运动a massproducti on process 大规模生产过程with respect to 关于;至于ferrous铁基castiron铸铁silicon硅kinetics动力学carbideformatio n kinetics 碳化物形成动力学inferior 差的;低级的;低等的;meltingtemperature融化温度viscosity粘度surfacefilmnsolidificationn凝固solidify v凝固wroughtalloysn锻造合金pour浇铸molten adj.融化的mold n模具porosity孔隙度resultform由于porous n有孔的uniform microstr ucture 均匀的微观结构whiteiron白口铸铁crystallinefracturesurface结晶断口characteristicn典型的grayiron灰口铸铁graphiteprecipitation石墨沉淀precipit ation hardenin g 沉淀硬化;时效硬化magnesiumn镁spheroidal球状的a factorof 20二十倍malleable iron可锻铸铁nodular球状的aluminum Al titanium钛age时效copper铜refractionmetals折光nickel镍low messdensity低密度thermalconductivity热传导electricalconductivity导电性affinity吸引力parent metal 原来的金属welding (融化)焊接--母材融化焊接solder软钎焊joining焊接keyattributes关键属性nitride n. [无化]氮化物tenaciou s adj. 顽强的;坚韧的;固执的;紧握的;黏着力强的passivat ion n. [化学]钝化;钝化处理vanadium n. [化学]钒radiator n. 散热器;暖气片;辐射体colorati on n. (植物或动物的)自然色彩,自然花纹;着色法,染色法;普遍特性;染色效应;音调(或音质)的变化;(某种)特征,品质;表明(某种)态度的一面descriptiveterms说明项variabil ity n. 可变性,变化性berylliu m n. [化学]铍(符号Be)precipitation沉淀monel n. 蒙乃尔铜-镍合金crucible n. 坩埚galvaniz ation n. 镀锌,电镀lead alloy [材] 铅合金versatile多功能的batterygrid电池铅板calcium n. [化学]钙antimony n. (化学元素)锑元素(符号 Sb)solder焊料tin n. 锡;radiatio n shield 辐射防护屏refracto ry material 耐火材料;耐热材料;难熔物质molybden um n. [化学]钼(金属元素,符号Mo,原子序号42)niobium n. [化学]铌(41号元素,符号Nb)tantalum n. [化学]钽(符号Ta,原子序73)tungsten n. [化学]钨(一种金属元素)iridium n. [化学]铱(Ir)osmium n. [化学]锇palladiu m n. [化学]钯;守护神platinum n. [化学]铂;白金;rhodium n. [化学]铑(一种元素rutheniu m n. [化学]钌(化学元素,符号为Ru)circuitr y n. 电路;电路系统;电路学;一环路dental adj. 牙科的;牙齿的,牙的catalyti c adj. 接触反应的;起催化作用的hollow adj. 空的;中空的,空腹的;凹的;mass-produced adj. 大量生产的,大批生产的scrap废料damping n. (物)衰减,减幅,阻尼;潮湿toughnes s n. [力] 韧性porosity n. 有孔性,多孔性cranksha ft n. 曲轴;机轴engine block 机体;发动机组piston n. 活塞millimeter毫米mechanis m of solidifi cation 固化机理core 砂芯bolting 用螺栓固定pattern for casting 铸造用模brass n. 黄铜medium casting 中型铸件thereaft eradv. 其后;从那时以后prelimin ary adj. 初步的;开始的;预备的foundry 铸造moulding material 造型材料fineness 细度plastici ty 可塑性,塑性,可塑度;bond 粘合剂permeabi lity n. 渗透性;refracto ry耐火物质durabili ty n. 耐久性;坚固;耐用年限silica grain 二氧化硅颗粒aluminum silicate 硅酸铝binder 粘合剂greensan d湿砂strickle n.刮型器,平刮板,刮rammed sand 冲砂fusing n. 熔断,熔化;引爆;烧断保险丝welding熔化焊solder 钎焊necessit ate vt. 使成为必需,需要;迫使diecasting压力铸造castings铸件cope上砂箱drag下砂箱locatingpin定位销flask砂箱venthole排气孔core 砂芯,型芯cheek中砂箱ladle钢水包riser冒口pouringbasin浇口杯sprue直浇道partingline分型线runner横浇道mouldcavity型腔partingplain分型面ingate内浇道mould模样mold砂型moulding制模molding造型moisture n. 水分;湿度;潮湿;降雨量uniforml y adv. 一致地cross-section n. 横截面,横断面;典型,代表collapsi bility n. 溃散性;易坍塌性medium-sized adj. 中型的,中等大小的;普通型的simulate vt. 模仿;假装;冒充。
材料科学专业英语词汇1. Material science - 材料科学2. Properties - 物性3. Structure - 结构5. Mechanical properties - 机械性能6. Thermal properties - 热性能7. Electrical properties - 电性能8. Optical properties - 光学性能9. Chemical properties - 化学性能10. Processing - 加工11. Synthesis - 合成12. Manufacturing - 制造13. Testing - 测试14. Characterization - 表征15. Nanomaterials - 纳米材料16. Polymers - 高分子材料17. Metals - 金属18. Ceramics - 陶瓷20. Biomaterials - 生物材料21. Material selection - 材料选择22. Material degradation - 材料退化23. Corrosion - 腐蚀24. Fracture - 断裂25. Fatigue - 疲劳26. Deformation - 变形27. Microstructure - 微观结构28. Phase transformation - 相变29. Crystal structure - 晶体结构30. Surface engineering - 表面工程31. Coating - 涂层32. Thin films - 薄膜33. Materials characterization techniques - 材料表征技术34. X-ray diffraction - X射线衍射35. Scanning electron microscopy - 扫描电子显微镜36. Transmission electron microscopy - 透射电子显微镜37. Atomic force microscopy - 原子力显微镜38. Differential scanning calorimetry - 差示扫描量热计39. Tensile testing - 拉伸试验。
材料科学专业英语词汇(整理版)材料科学专业英语词汇(整理版)以下是一些常用的材料科学专业英语词汇:1. 材料科学 - Materials science2. 材料工程 - Materials engineering3. 物理性能 - Physical properties4. 化学性质 - Chemical properties5. 结构性能 - Structural properties6. 材料强度 - Material strength7. 弹性模量 - Elastic modulus8. 硬度 - Hardness9. 腐蚀性 - Corrosiveness10. 耐磨性 - Wear resistance11. 热导率 - Thermal conductivity12. 电导率 - Electrical conductivity13. 密度 - Density14. 能量吸收 - Energy absorption15. 环境影响 - Environmental impact16. 金属 - Metal17. 陶瓷 - Ceramic18. 聚合物 - Polymer20. 玻璃 - Glass21. 晶体 - Crystal22. 金属合金 - Metal alloy23. 电子材料 - Electronic material24. 纳米材料 - Nanomaterial25. 材料测试 - Materials testing26. 材料设计 - Materials design27. 材料拓扑优化 - Materials topology optimization28. 材料制备 - Materials synthesis29. 材料表征 - Materials characterization30. 材料耐久性 - Materials durability31. 材料再循环 - Materials recycling希望这份材料科学专业英语词汇整理对你有帮助!。
材料学专业英语词汇化学元素(elements)化学元素,简称元素,是化学元素周期表中的基本组成,现有113种元素,其中原子序数从93到113号的元素是人造元素。
物质 (matter)物质是客观实在,且能被人们通过某种方式感知和了解的东西,是元素的载体。
材料 (materials)材料是能为人类经济地、用于制造有用物品的物质。
化学纤维(man—made fiber, chemical fiber)化学纤维是用天然的或合成的高聚物为原料,主要经过化学方法加工制成的纤维。
可分为再生纤维、合成纤维、醋酯纤维、无机纤维等。
芯片(COMS chip)芯片是含有一系列电子元件及其连线的小块硅片,主要用于计算机和其他电子设备.光导纤维(optical waveguide fibre)光以波导方式在其中传输的光学介质材料,简称光纤。
激光 (laser)(light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation简写为: laser)激光是利用辐射计发光放大原理而产生的一种单色(单频率)、定向性好、干涉性强、能量密度高的光束。
超导 (Superconduct) 物质在某个温度下电阻为零的现象为超导,我们称具有超导性质的材料为超导体。
仿生材料(biomimetic matorials) 仿生材料是模仿生物结构或功能,人为设计和制造的一类材料。
材料科学(materials science)材料科学是一门科学,它从事于材料本质的发现、分析方面的研究,它的目的在于提供材料结构的统一描绘,或给出模型,并解释这种结构与材料的性能之间的关系.材料工程(materials engineering)材料工程属技术的范畴目的在于采用经济的而又能为社会所接受的生产工艺、加工工艺控制材料的结构、性能和形状以达到使用要求。
材料科学与工程 (materials science and engineering)材料科学与工程是研究有关材料的成份、结构和制造工艺与其性能和使用性能间相互关系的知识及这些知识的应用,是一门应用基础科学。
材料科学与工程专业英语词汇1. material 材料2. composite material 复合材料3. ceramic material 陶瓷材料4. metallic material 金属材料5. alloy 材料合金6. material properties 材料性质7. mechanical properties 机械性质8. thermal properties 热学性质9. electrical properties 电学性质10. chemical properties 化学性质11. processing technology 加工工艺12. casting process 铸造工艺13. forging process 锻造工艺14. casting alloy 铸造合金15. high-temperature casting 高温铸造16. lost wax casting 失蜡法铸造17. extrusion process 挤压工艺18. rolling process 轧制工艺19. sintering process 烧结工艺20. sintering temperature 烧结温度21. welding technology 焊接工艺22. fusion welding 熔焊23. electron beam welding 电子束焊接24. laser welding 激光焊接25. adhesive bonding 粘接工艺26. adhesive 胶粘剂27. diffusion bonding 扩散焊接28. brazing process 钎焊工艺29. metallurgy 材料科学30. crystal structure 晶体结构31. phase transformation 物相转变32. grain size 晶粒尺寸33. microstructure microstructure 分析显微组织34. texture 织构35. phase 相36. solid solution solid solution 强化的固溶体37. transformation toughening transformation强化韧化38. dislocation 位错39. grain boundary dislocation 晶界位错40. stress state 应力状态41. deformation deformation 变形42. elastic deformation 弹性变形43. plastic deformation 塑性变形44. fracture fracture 断裂45. hardness hardness testing硬度测试46. Vickers hardness tester Vickers硬度计47. Brinell hardness tester 布氏硬度计48. tensile test拉伸试验49. compressive test 压缩试验50. bending test弯曲试验51. fracture test 断口分析52. corrosion resistance耐腐蚀性53. oxidation resistance耐氧化性54. fatigue resistance耐疲劳性55. thermal stability热稳定性56. electrical conductivity电导率57. thermal conductivity热导率58. dielectric constant介电常数59. permeability磁导率60. specific heat capacity比热容61. density密度62. reinforcement reinforcement增强剂/增强纤维63. carbon fiber碳纤维增强塑料(CFRP)等。
abrade磨损abrasives研磨机acicular针状的activator催化剂additive添加剂adhesive粘合剂aerospace航空宇宙agglomerates团聚体alchemy乙醛alternative选择性的aluminium铝aluminosilicate铝硅酸盐amber琥珀amorphous无定性的angstrom埃anhydride酸酐anisotropic各向异性anneal退火anode阳极anodising阳极化apatite磷灰石aqueous chemistry液相化学aroma compound芳香族化合物astronomy天文学astrophysics天文物理学asymmetric不对称的austenitic奥氏体的bactericidal properties 杀菌性能bakeware 烘焙用具ballast 压舱物,沙囊beryllium 铍binary 二进位的,二元的bioassimilation 生物同化作用biodegradability 生物降解能力biomass 生物的数量,生物质、biomimetics 仿生学bioplast 原生体biopolymer 生物高聚物biosensor 生物传感器blade 刀刃,刀片blend 混合block copolymer 嵌段共聚物body fluids 体液boron 硼brittle 易碎的,脆性的bulk material 体相材料calcium hydroxyapatite胶原羟基磷灰石cancellous多孔的capacitor离散的carbide 碳化物carbon dioxide二氧化碳carboxylic acid羧酸cast 铸件cast浇铸castor oil蓖麻油catastrophic悲惨的cathode阴极cation正离子cellulose纤维素cementation黏固作用ceramic陶器的chromium铬cleaving裂开cluster丛生coalesce合并cobalt钴collagen形态colloid 胶体colloidal胶质的colorant着色剂complementary补充的composite合成物compostability肥料稳定性condensation浓缩configuration电容器contamination污染continual连续的contour 轮廓copolymer共聚物corrode 使腐蚀corrosion 腐蚀cortical皮层的cosmetic化妆品covalent共价地craft工艺creep corrosion裂隙腐蚀creep resistance蠕变阻力crevice裂缝critical shear stress 临界剪切应力crucial至关重要的crush碾碎cryogenic低温学的cupro-nickel alloys铜镍合金curing agent固化剂currency货币curvation弯曲data storage device 数据存储装置dealloying脱合金成分腐蚀deceptive欺骗性的degradation 退化delamination剥离depict描述detector 探测器deteriorate使恶化dezincification 脱锌diacid 二价酸diamine 二元胺dielectric电介质dilute稀释dimension scale尺寸比例discrete离散的discrete energy level 离散能级dispersion分散distinguished by以…为特征drainpipe 排水管drum击鼓ductile柔软的eco-friengly环境友好的elastomer弹性体electeomotive电动势的electrode电极electrooptical电子光学的electrostatic adsorption静电吸附elimination消除encapsulate压缩encapsulation包装encase围绕encountered遇到enrich使充足enzyme酶epoxy环氧基树脂etching蚀刻eutectic共熔得1evaporation蒸发exclusively唯一的exfoliation剥落extension延长extractive提取的extrusion挤出fatigue疲乏,疲劳,累活;femoral-head 股骨头ferrites陶铁磁体ferromagnetic铁磁材料,铁磁体ferromagnetic material铁磁性材料ferrous 含铁的filiform丝状的,纤维状的flexible柔韧性,易曲的floppy disk软盘fluorescent日光灯;a.荧光的folding可折叠的foodstuff食品,粮食forge稳步前进,铸造,伪造formaldehyde甲醛,蚁醛formula 公式,规则fraction小部分,片段,分数fracture破裂,骨折;fuel cell燃料电池fungi真菌类galvanic流电的,抽搐的,以流电所产的gas turbine燃气涡轮gecko壁虎getter吸气剂goggles护目镜,眼罩grind 磨碎,碾碎,折磨guillotine 断头台(切纸的)闸刀;hafnium铪hematite赤铁矿hierarchical分层的,体系的hockey sticks曲棍holographic technique全息摄影技术homopolymer均聚物horticulture园艺hybrid混合物;a.混合的imitate模仿,仿效,仿制immune免疫的impede妨碍,阻碍imperative紧急的,必要的impracticable不可行的impurity不纯,杂质indicator指示器,指示剂ingenious巧妙的,有独创性的inhale吸入inhibitor抑制剂injurious有害的,伤害的inomer离聚物,离子交联聚合物integrated circuit集成电路interfacial phenomena界面现象intergranular 晶粒间的,粒间的intricate复杂的,错综的investigation 调查ion implantation离子注入irreversible 不能撤回的,不能取消的isoprene橡胶机制isotropic等方性的,各向同性的ketone酮kevlar纤维Blamellar薄片状的,薄层状的lathe车床;v.用车床加工lattice晶格leach滤去lignin木质素lithium-aluminosilicate 锂铝硅酸盐lithography 光刻,石版印刷术lotus荷花lubricant滑润剂luster光泽macromolecule 巨大分子,高分子macroscopical宏观的,肉眼可见的magnetic有磁性的magnetic memory 磁存储器magnetoresistive effect 磁阻效应make advantage of利用malleability 可锻性,延展性malleable 有延展性的,可锻的marine turbine 船用汽轮机matrix.矩阵matrix material 基质材料mediate仲裁,调停memory存储器metalloid非金属;a.非金属的metallurgist冶金家,冶金学者metallurgy冶金,冶金术metalworking 属加工术,金属工methacrylate异丁烯酸盐microbe微生物,细菌microprocessor微处理器microstructure 微观结构,显微结构minic 模仿molten 熔化;a.熔铸的molybdenum 钼moment力矩monoclinic单斜的monolayer单层mould模具nannocomposite纳米复合的nanobiotechnolgy纳米生物技术nanoelectronics光电技术nanoonion纳米葱nanorod纳米管nanotubeconjugated纳米管共轭的negative底片niobium铌noble贵族nucleosynthesis核聚变nucleotide核苷numismatics古币nylon尼龙oleic acid 油酸on the verge of 接近于optimum 最适宜ore 矿石orientation 方向orthogonal 正交的orthopedic 整形外科的orthotropic 正交各向异性的oxidation 氧化oxide 氧化物oxidize 氧化,生锈percolation 过滤permeability 渗透性,磁导率peroxidation 过氧化反应persistence 坚持,持续petrochemical 石化的;石化产品phenol 苯酚photoresist 光阻材料physical law 物理法则physiological 生理的piezoelectric 压电的pin 将~用针别住,钉住pin 将~用针别住,钉住pitting 蚀损斑plasma etching 等离子腐蚀plasma 血浆,等离子体plasticizer 可塑性plating 电镀plating 电镀pliable 易曲折的,柔软的polyamide 聚酰胺polyelectrolyte 聚合电解质polyethylene terephthalate 聚乙烯对苯二酸脂polyethylene 聚乙烯polyhedron 多面体polynucleotide 多核苷酸polyolefin 聚烯烃polypeptide 多肽polyphase 多相polypropylene 聚丙烯polysaccharide 多糖polystyrene 聚苯乙烯polyvinylchloride 聚氯乙烯porosity 多孔性portable 轻便的possess 持有,拥有pottery 陶器precaution 预防措施,注意事项precipitate 沉淀物;使沉淀precipitation 沉淀法preferential 优先的prepolymer 预聚物principle 主要的,最重要的probabilistic 概率的,概率性的processing aid 加工助剂proliferation 增殖prominent 卓越的,显著的,突出的prone 倾向于prooxidant 氧化强化剂propagation 扩展propellers 螺旋桨pyrex 耐热玻璃pyrolysis 高温分解pyrolytic 热解的pyrometallurgy 火法冶金学quantum confinement量子限域效应quench淬火radar雷达radiolysis 射解,辐解rare earth稀土元素rarity稀有refractive index折射率refractories耐火材料regain 收回,恢复residue残余,剩余物resilient a.弹回的,有回弹力的resin n.树脂rhenium铼rigid刚硬的,严格的roll.滚动;v.辗,轧rotate(使)旋转rotor blades动叶片rupture strength 断裂强度rust铁锈ruthenium 钌sacrifice牺牲sanitaryware卫生洁具sanskrit梵文sapphire蓝宝石schematically原理性的sealability胶黏性segregate分离的self-assembly自组装的self-organization自组织semiconductor半导体shattering震动shellac虫漆single/multi-wall carbon nanotubes单/多臂碳纳米管sintered烧结sinter熔渣size parameter尺寸参数skeleton骨架sketch概括soft ferrites软性铁氧体soildification凝固solely单独的sol-gel溶胶凝胶spatial resolution空间分辨率spectrum光谱starch淀粉stiff僵硬的stoichiometric number化学计算值storage medium记录材料styrene苯乙烯sublattice子格submicron亚微米substrate基片successor下一代sucseptible易受影响的sulfur硫磺superalloy超耐合金钢superhydrophobic超疏水的superparamagnetism超顺磁性susceptibility磁化系数swellable可膨胀的synergetic effect协同作用tableware餐具tailing残渣,尾料take into account考虑,重视tantalum钽tendon腱,肌腱terminology术语学tetragonal四角形的,正方晶系的tetrahedral四面体的the electron mean free path电子平均自由行程the spin relaxation length自旋张弛长度the visible range可见光区thermoplastic热塑性的thermoset热固性的tiles瓷砖tire cord 轮胎帘布titanium钛tonne 公吨toxic residue 残毒trabeculae 骨小梁transcribe转录transistor 晶体管transmutation变形,变化tumor肿块,肿瘤tungsentungsten钨,钨锰铁矿turbine涡轮,涡轮机turbocharger涡轮增压器ultrasonic treatment超声波处理unit mass单位质量unpainted未上漆的unsealed打开的uppermost最高的usage使用valance bands 价带variant不同的;n.变体,变异体ventilation通风,换气versatile 通用的,万能的viability生存能力vice versa反之亦然vinyl 乙烯基viscous粘的vulcanization 硫化vulcanize 硫化wax 蜡,蜡状物,增加;v.变大yield stress屈服应力zirconium 锆。
材料专业英语词汇ablation 烧蚀abrasion 磨料,研磨材料,磨蚀剂, abrasive belt 砂带abrasive belt grinding 砂带磨削,用研磨带磨光abrasive cut-off machine 砂*切断机abrasive dressing wheel 砂*修整* abrasive grain 磨料粒度abrasive grit 研磨用磨料,铁粒abrasive lapping wheel 磨料研磨* Abrasive. 研磨剂absorbing 吸波absorption 吸收峰Acceptor level. 受主能级accuracy of position 位置精度accuracy to shape 形状精度Activatioin energy Q. 激活能Activation polarization. 活化极化active cutting edge 主切削刃adapter flange 连接器法兰盘Addition or chain reaction polymerization. 加聚作用(链式反应聚合)adhesion 粘着Adhesive. 胶粘剂adjointing flanks 共轭齿廓Advantage of Using Plate Metal Strip 电镀金属捆片的优点aerogel 气凝胶aerospace 航空afm 原子力afterglow 余辉Age hardening. See Precipitation 时效强化,见沉淀强化aging 时效Aging 切削cut-off grinding 砂*截断,砂*切割cutting 切削cutting edge profile 切削刃轮廓cutting force 切削力cutting lip 切削刃,刀刃,钻唇,钻刃cutting operation 切削加工cutting rate 切削效率,切削速率cutting tool 刀具,切削工具,刃具cycle 周期cylindrical grinder 外圆磨床damage 损伤damping 阻尼deep-hole drilling 深孔钻削deep-hole milling 深孔铣削defect 缺陷Defect structure. 缺陷结构defect, imperfection, 缺陷Definition 不锈钢的定义Definition of Stainless Steel 不锈钢的定义Degradation. 退化Degree of freedom 自由度Degree of polymerization. 聚合度delamination 分层dense 致密densification 致密化density 致密度deposition 沉积Destructive Inspection 破坏的检验destructive inspections 破坏性检验detonation 爆轰devices 器件Devitrication. 玻璃析晶Diamagnetism 抗磁体Diamagnetism. 逆磁性diameter 直径diamond 金刚石dielectric 介电Dielectric breakdownstrength. 介电(击穿)强度Dielectric constant εr. 介电常数Dielectric displacement D. 电位移Dielectric. 电介质die-sinking 凹模diffraction 衍射Diffraction x-ray. (x 射线)衍射diffusion 扩散Diffusion Annealing 扩散退火Diffusion coefficient D. 扩散系数Diffusion flux J. 扩散通量diffusion, 扩散Diffusion. 扩散diffusivity 扩散系数diffusivity, 扩散系数dimension 尺寸Diode. 二极管Dipole 磁偶极子Dipole electric. (电)偶极子direction of the feed motion 进给方向,进刀方向discontinuous chip 间断切屑dislocation 位错dislocation arrangement, 位错排列dislocation array, 位错阵列dislocation atmosphere 位错气团dislocation atmosphere, 位错气团dislocation axis, 位错轴dislocation cell, 位错胞dislocation climb 位错爬移dislocation climb, 位错爬移dislocation coalescence, 位错聚结dislocation core energy, 位错核心能量dislocation crack, 位错裂纹dislocation damping, 位错阻尼dislocation density 位错密度dislocation density, 位错密度Dislocation density. 位错密度Dislocation line. 位错线dislocation movement by slip 位错滑移dislocation slip 位错滑移Dislocation. 位错disordered alloy. 无序合金disordered lattice, 无序点阵disordered solid solution, 无序固溶体disordered-order transition 有序无序转变disordered-order transition, 有序无序转变dispersal 扩散dispersal, 分散,扩散,弥散dispersant 分散剂dispersant additive, 分散剂,添加剂dispersant agent 分散剂,弥散剂dispersant, 分散剂Dispersed phase. 弥散相dispersion 分散Dispersion strengthening. 弥散强化distance 距离Distortion 畸变Domain. (磁)畴Donor level. 施主能级doped 掺杂Doping. 掺杂double-column planer-miller 双柱龙门铣床Drawing 精加工finish-cutting 精加工,最终切削finite 有限Firing. 烧火fixture 夹具Flame retardant. 耐燃剂Flat Wire Tolerance 扁线公差Flexural strength σfs. 抗弯强度Fluorescence. 荧光foam 泡沫foaming 发泡Forging. 锻造form 型式form-turn 成形车削Forward bias. 正向偏压fraction 分数fracture 断裂Fracture mechanics. 断裂力学Fracture toughness Kc . 断裂韧性Free Cutting Carbon Steels to JIS G4804 易车碳钢Free Cutting Stainless Steel 易车快削不锈钢Free electron. 自由电子Free energy. 自由能free-cutting 自由切削freedom, 自由度Frenkel defect. 弗兰克尔缺陷friction 摩擦Full annealing. 完全退火functionally 功能梯度Fusible Alloy 易溶合金G4102 63 Chrome Nickel steel 镍铬G4103 64 Nickel, Chrome Molybdenum Steel 镍铬钼钢G4105 62 Chrome Molybdenum steel 铬钼钢钢材Galvanic corrosion. 电化腐蚀Galvanic series. 电动势序gap 间距Gas constant R. 气体常数Gas Welding 气焊gear cutting machine 齿轮加工机床gear generating grinder 磨齿机gear hob 齿轮滚刀gel 凝胶法制备gelatin 明胶General 简介Gibbs energy of mixing 吉布斯混合能Gibbs entropy, 吉布斯熵Gibbs free energy, 吉布斯自由能Gibbs function, 吉布斯函数Gibbs phase rule. 吉布斯相律glass 玻璃Glass transition temperature Tg. 玻璃转变温度Glass-ceramic. 玻璃陶瓷gradient 梯度Graft copolymer. 接枝共聚物grafting 接枝grain 晶粒Grain boundary. 晶界Grain growth. 晶粒长大Grain size. 晶粒尺寸Grain. 晶粒Grain-Oriented 晶粒取向Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel 晶粒取向电器用硅钢片graphite 石墨graphitization 石墨化Gray cast iron. 灰口铁Green ceramic body. 未火烧的陶瓷体grinding cutter 磨具grinding force 磨削力grinding machine 磨床grinding wheel diameter 砂*直径grinding wheel width 砂*宽度grog, 熟料groove 槽groove milling 铣槽Ground state. 基态H Hall effect. 霍尔效应hard 硬质Hard Drawn High Carbon Steel Wire 冷拉高碳钢线Hard Magnetic 硬磁Hard Magnetic Material 硬磁材料Hard magnetic material. 硬磁材料Hardenability 硬化性能Hardenability. 硬化程度hardness 硬度Hardness Tensile strength test 硬度及拉力hardness, 硬度Heat capacity Cp, Cv. 比热容Heat conductivity 导热度Heat from the Laminated Stacks Edges 热力应先从工件边缘透入Heat Resistance Super Alloy 抗热超级合金heat shortness, 热脆性heating 升温Heat-Resistance Stainless Steel 耐热不锈钢helical tooth system 螺旋齿*传动装置heterogeneous nucleation 异质核化heterogeneous nucleation, 异质核化hexagonal 六方hexagonal close-packed 密排六方hexagonal close-packed, 密排六方hexagonal unit cell 六方晶胞High Carbon Steel Strip 高碳钢片High Carbon Steel Wire Rod 高碳钢线枝High manganese steel 高锰钢铸High polymer. 高聚物high precision lathe 高精度车床High Temperature Tempering 高温回火high-speed 高速high-speed machining 高速加工High-strength, low-alloy HSLA steels. 高强度低合金钢hob 齿轮滚刀hobbingmachine 滚齿机hole 孔Hole electron. 空穴(电子)hollow 空心homogeneous nucleation, 均质核化homogenization 均匀化homogenization heat treatment 均匀化热处理Homopolymer. 同聚物hone 魔石honeycomb, 蜂窝honing machine 珩磨机horsepower 马力Hot working. 热加工Hot-aluminum-coated sheets and coils 镀铝硅钢片Hot-Rolled Sheet/Strip 热轧钢片Hot-Rolled Sheet/Strip 冷轧钢片hybrid 杂化Hybrid composite. 混杂复合材料hydrogen 贮氢Hydrogen bond. 氢键Hydrogen embrittlement. 氢脆性hydrolysis 水解Hydroplastic forming. 含水塑性成形hydrothermal 水热hydroxyapatite 羟基磷灰石Hype-eutectoid 过共释钢Hyper-ectectic Alloy 过共晶体Hypereutectoid alloy. 过共析合金Hypoeutectic Alloy 亚共晶体Hypoeutectoid alloy. 亚共析合金Hyppo-Eutectoid 亚铁释体hysteresis 滞后Hysteresis(magnetic). 磁滞现象immiscibility, 不混溶性immiscible solid solution, 不混溶固溶体impact 冲击Impact energy notch toughness. 冲击能(冲击韧性)Impact Test 冲击测试imperfection 缺陷Imperfection. 不完美性impregnation 浸渍inclination 倾斜increment 增量,增加,增〔大〕长indentation 压痕Index of refraction n. 折射率indexing table automatic 自动分度工作台Industrial Standard 工业标准及规格infeed grinding 切入式磨削infiltration 浸渗Inhibitor. 防蚀剂initiator 引发剂inorganic 无机installation 装置Insulator electrical. 电绝缘体Integrated circuit. 集成电路intercalation 插层Interdiffusion. 互扩散interface 界面interface defect 面缺陷interface defect, surface defect, 面缺陷Intergranular corrosion. 晶间腐蚀Intergranular fracture. 晶间断裂interlaminar 层间Intermediate solid solution. 中间固溶体intermetallic 金属间化合物Intermetallic compound 金属间化物Intermetallic compound. 金属间化合物internal grinding 内圆磨削Interstital solid solution 插入型固熔体Interstitial diffusion. 间隙式扩散Interstitial solid solution 间隙固熔体Interstitial solid solution. 间隙固溶体Intrinsic semiconductor. 本征半导体Invariant point. 不变点involute hob 渐开线滚刀Ionic bond. 离子键Iron Low Carbon as Base Metal 低碳钢或铁基层金属Isomerism. 同分异构现象Isomorphous. 同形的Isotactic. 全同立构的Isothermal transformation T-T-T diagram. 等温转变相图Isothermal. 等温的Isotopes. 同位素Isotropic. 各向同性的Izod test. 埃左冲击试验jig boring machine 坐标镗床JIS G4104 Chrome steel 铬钢kaolin 高岭土keyway cutting 键槽切削加工Killed steel 全静钢knurling tool 滚花刀具,压花刀具,滚花刀laedscrew machine 丝杠加工机床Laminar composite. 层状复合材料laminated层合laminates 层合板lap grinding 研磨lapping 研磨,抛光,精研,搭接,擦准Large-particle composite. 大颗粒复合材料Laser. 激光lathe 车床lathe dog 车床轧头lathe tool 车刀lattice 晶格Lattice constant 格子常数lattice parameter 点阵参数lattice parameter, 点阵参数Lattice parameters. 晶格参数lattice point 阵点Lattice strains. 晶格应变lattice,lattice point, 点阵阵点Lattice. 晶格layered 层状Leaded Free Cutting Steel 含铅易车钢Length Tolerance 长度公差level 水平Lever rule. 杠杆定理line defect, dislocation, 线缺陷Linear coefficient of thermal expansion. 热膨胀(线性)系数Linear polymer. 线型聚合物Liquid crystal polymer LCP. 液晶聚合物Liquidus line. 液相线loading time 充填时间,充气时间lock 锁Longitudinal direction. 纵向longitudinal grinding 纵磨Low High Te。
材料专业英语常见词汇(一)Structure组织Ceramic 陶瓷Ductility塑性Stiffness 刚度Grain晶粒Phase 相Unitcell单胞Bravais lattice 布拉菲点阵Stack 堆垛Crystal 晶体Metallic crystalstructure 金属性晶体点阵Non-directional 无方向性Face-centered cubic 面心立方Body-centered cubic 体心立方Hexagonalclose-packed 密排六方Copper 铜Aluminum 铝Chromium铬Tungsten 钨Crystallographic Plane 晶面Crystallographic direction晶向Property 性质Millerindices 米勒指数Lattice parameters点阵参数Tetragonal 四方的Hexagonal 六方的Orthorhombic 正交的Rhombohedra 菱方的Monoclinic 单斜的Prism 棱镜Cadmium 镉Coordinate system 坐标系来源:()- 材料专业英语常见词汇(一)_翔彻天际_新浪博客Point defect 点缺陷Lattice点阵Vacancy空位Solidification 结晶Interstitial 间隙Substitution置换Solidsolutionstrengthening 固溶强化Homogeneous 均匀的DiffusionMechanisms 扩散机制Latticedistortion点阵畸变Self-diffusion自扩散Fick’s First Law 菲克第一定律Unit time 单位时间Coefficient 系数Concentration gradient 浓度梯度Dislocations 位错Linear defect 线缺陷Screw dislocation 螺型位错Edge dislocation刃型位错Vector矢量Loop 环路Burgers’vector柏氏矢量Perpendicular 垂直于Surfacedefect 面缺陷Grain boundary 晶界Twin boundary晶界Shear force 剪应力Deformation变形Small (or low) angelgrain boundary 小角度晶界Tiltboundary 倾斜晶界Supercooled过冷的Solidification凝固Ordering process 有序化过程材料专业英语常见词汇(二)Crystallinity 结晶度Microstructure 纤维组织Term 术语PhaseDiagram 相图Equilibrium 平衡Melt 熔化Cast 浇注Crystallization 结晶Binary Isomorphous Systems 二元匀晶相图Soluble溶解PhasePresent 存在相Locate 确定Tie line 连接线Concentration浓度Intersection 交点The Lever Law 杠杆定律Binary Eutectic System 二元共晶相图SolvusLine 溶解线Invariant 恒定Isotherm恒温线Cast Iron 铸铁Ferrite 珠光体Polymorphic transformation 多晶体转变Austenite 奥氏体Revert 回复Intermediate compound 中间化合物Cementite 渗碳体Vertical 垂线Nonmagnetic 无磁性的Solubility 溶解度Brittle 易脆的来源:() - 材料专业英语常见词汇(二)_翔彻天际_新浪博客Eutectic共晶Eutectoidinvariant point 共析点Phase transformation 相变Allotropic 同素异形体Recrystallization再结晶Metastable 亚稳的Martensitic transformation马氏体转变Lamellae 薄片Simultaneously 同时存在Pearlite珠光体Ductile可塑的Mechanically 机械性能Hypoeutectoid 过共析的Particle 颗粒Matrix 基体Proeutectoid先共析Hypereutectoid 亚共析的Bainite 贝氏体Martensite 马氏体Linearity 线性的Stress-straincurve应力-应变曲线Proportional limit 比例极限Tensilestrength 抗拉强度Ductility 延展性Percent reductionin area 断面收缩率Hardness 硬度Modulus ofElasticity弹性模量Tolerance 公差Rub 摩擦Wear磨损Corrosion resistance抗腐蚀性Aluminum铝Zinc 锌Iron ore 铁矿来源:() - 材料专业英语常见词汇(二)_翔彻天际_新浪博客材料专业英语常见词汇(三)Blast furnace 高炉Coke 焦炭Limestone 石灰石Slag熔渣Pigiron 生铁Ladle 钢水包Silicon硅Sulphur 硫Wrought 可锻的Graphite 石墨Flaky 片状Low-carbon steels 低碳钢Casehardening 表面硬化Medium-carbon steels 中碳钢Electrode 电极As a rule通常Preheating 预热Quench 淬火Body-centered lattice 体心晶格Carbide碳化物Hypereutectoid 过共晶Chromium铬Manganese 锰Molybdenum 钼Titanium 钛Cobalt钴Tungsten钨Vanadium 钒Pearlitic microstructure 珠光体组织Martensitic microstructure 马氏体组织Viscosity 粘性Wrought 锻造的Magnesium 镁Flake片状Malleable 可锻的Nodular 球状Spheroidal 球状Superior property 优越性Galvanization 镀锌Versatile 通用的Batterygrid电极板来源:()- 材料专业英语常见词汇(三)_翔彻天际_新浪博客Calcium 钙Tin 锡Toxicity毒性Refractory 耐火的Platinum 铂Polymer 聚合物Composite 混合物Erosive腐蚀性Inert惰性Thermo chemically热化学Generator 发电机Flaw缺陷Variability 易变的Annealing退火Tempering回火Texture织构Kinetic动力学Peculiarity 特性Critical point 临界点Dispersity 弥散程度Spontaneous 自发的Inherentgrain 本质晶粒Toughness韧性Rupture断裂Kineticcurveof transformation 转变动力学曲线Incubationperiod 孕育期Sorbite 索氏体Troostite 屈氏体Disperse 弥散的Granular 颗粒状Metallurgical冶金学的Precipitation析出Depletion 减少Quasi-eutectoid 伪共析Superposition重叠Supersede 代替Dilatometric 膨胀Unstable不稳定Supersaturate使过饱和Tetragonality 正方度Shear 切变Displacement 位移Irreversible 不可逆的来源:()-材料专业英语常见词汇(三)_翔彻天际_新浪博客。
材料专业英语常见词汇(一)Structure ['strʌktʃə] 组织Ceramic [si'ræmik]陶瓷Ductility [dʌk’tiləti]塑性Stiffness [’stifnis] 刚度Grain [ɡrein]晶粒Phase [feiz]相Unit cell 单胞Bravais lattice 布拉菲[’lætis]布拉菲点阵Stack [stæk]堆垛Crystal [’kristəl] 晶体Metallic crystal structure [mi’tælik, me—]金属性晶体点阵Non-directional [,nɔndi'rekʃənəl, -dai-] 无方向性Face—centered cubic ['kju:bik]面心立方Body—centered cubic 体心立方Hexagonal close-packed [hek'sæɡənəl]['kləus’pækt]密排六方Copper [’kɔpə] 铜Aluminum [ə'lju:minəm]铝Chromium [’krəumjəm] 铬Tungsten [’tʌŋstən] 钨Crystallographic Plane [,kristələu’ɡræfik][plein] 晶面Crystallographic direction 晶向Property ['prɔpəti]性质Miller indices [’indisi:z]米勒指数Lattice parameters ['lætis][pə’ræmitə] 点阵参数Tetragonal [te’træɡənəl] 四方的Hexagonal [hek’sæɡənəl]六方的Orthorhombic [,ɔ:θə'rɔmbik]正交的Rhombohedra [,rɔmbəu’hi:drə] 菱方的Monoclinic [,mɔnəu'klinik] 单斜的Prism ['prizm] 棱镜Cadmium ['kædmiəm] 镉Coordinate system [kəu'ɔ:dinit, kəu’ɔ:dineit]坐标系Point defect ['di:fekt,di’f—, di'fekt] 点缺陷Lattice ['lætis] 点阵Vacancy [’veikənsi]空位Solidification [,səlidifi’keiʃən]结晶Interstitial [,intə’stiʃəl]间隙Substitution [,sʌbsti'tju:ʃən] 置换Solid solution strengthening [sə’lju:ʃən] ['streŋθən, 'streŋkθən]固溶强化Diffusion [di’fju:ʒən]扩散Homogeneous [,hɔmə'dʒi:niəs,,həu—] 均匀的Diffusion Mechanisms [di’fju:ʒən] ['mekənizəm]扩散机制Lattice distortion [dis'tɔ:ʃən]点阵畸变Self—diffusion [’selfdi,fju:ʒən]自扩散Fick’s First Law 菲克第一定律Unit time 单位时间Coefficient [,kəui’fiʃənt] 系数Concentration gradient [,kɔnsən'treiʃən]['ɡreidiənt]浓度梯度Dislocation [,disləu'keiʃən]位错Linear defect [’liniə]['di:fekt, di’f—, di’fekt] 线缺陷Screw dislocation [skru:] 螺型位错Edge dislocation [edʒ] 刃型位错Vector ['vektə]矢量Loop [lu:p]环路Burgers’vector[’bə:ɡəs] 柏氏矢量Perpendicular [,pə:pən'dikjulə] 垂直于Surface defect 面缺陷Grain boundary [ɡrein][’baundəri] 晶界Twin boundary [twin] 晶界Shear force [ʃiə]剪应力Deformation [,di:fɔ:’meiʃən]变形Small ( or low) angle grain boundary [’æŋɡl]小角度晶界Tilt boundary [tilt]倾斜晶界Supercooled [,sju:pə'ku:ld] 过冷的Solidification [,səlidifi’keiʃən] 凝固Ordering process 有序化过程材料专业英语常见词汇(二)Crystallinity [,kristə'linəti] 结晶度Microstructure ['maikrəu,strʌktʃə] 纤维组织Term 术语Phase Diagram [feiz]['daiəɡræm] 相图Equilibrium [,i:kwi'libriəm]平衡Melt 熔化Cast 浇注Crystallization [,kristəlai'zeiʃən]结晶Binary Isomorphous Systems ['bainəri] [,aisəu’mɔ:fəs] 二元匀晶相图Soluble ['sɔljubl]溶解Phase Present 存在相Locate 确定Tie line 连接线Isotherm ['aisəuθə:m]等温线Concentration 浓度Intersection 交点The Lever Law 杠杆定律Binary Eutectic System [’bainəri][ju:’tektik] 二元共晶相图Solvus Line [’sɔlvəs] 溶解线Invariant [in’vεəriənt]恒定Isotherm ['aisəuθə:m] 恒温线Cast Iron 铸铁Ferrite ['ferait] 珠光体Polymorphic transformation [,pɔli'mɔ:fik][,trænsfə'meiʃən]多晶体转变Austenite ['ɔstinait]奥氏体Revert [ri'və:t,’ri:və:t]回复Intermediate compound [,intə’mi:djət][kəm'paund] 中间化合物Cementite [si'mentait]渗碳体Vertical ['və:tikəl]垂线Nonmagnetic [,nɔnmæɡ’netik] 无磁性的Solubility [,sɔlju’biləti] 溶解度Brittle ['britl]易脆的Eutectic [ju:'tektik]共晶Eutectoid invariant point[ju:’tektɔid] [in'vεəriənt]共析点Phase transformation 相变Allotropic [,æləu’trɔpik,—kəl]同素异形体Recrystallization [ri:,kristəlai’zeiʃən] 再结晶Metastable [,metə'steibl]亚稳的Martensitic transformation [,mɑ:tin'zitik]马氏体转变Lamellae ?薄片Simultaneously [saiməl’teiniəsli]同时存在Pearlite [’pə:lait]珠光体Ductile [’dʌktail, -til] 可塑的Mechanically [mi'kænikəli] 机械性能Hypo eutectoid ['haipəu][ju:'tektɔid]过共析的Particle ['pɑ:tikl] 颗粒Matrix ['meitriks]基体,矩阵Proeutectoid ?先共析Hypereutectoid [,haipəju'tektɔid] 亚共析的Bainite [’beinait] 贝氏体Martensite [’mɑ:tnzait]马氏体Linearity [,lini'ærəti] 线性的Stress—strain curve [kə:v] 应力—应变曲线Proportional limit [prəu'pɔ:ʃənəl]比例极限Tensile strength ['tensail, —səl]抗拉强度Ductility [dʌk’tiləti] 延展性Percent reduction in area 断面收缩率Hardness 硬度Modulus of Elasticity [’mɔdjuləs][,elæs’tisəti]弹性模量Tolerance ['tɔlərəns] 公差Rub 摩擦Wear 磨损Corrosion resistance [’tɔlərəns][ri'zistəns] 抗腐蚀性Aluminum [ə’lju:minəm]铝Zinc [ziŋk] 锌Iron ore ['aiən][ɔ:] 铁矿材料专业英语常见词汇(三)Blast furnace ['baiəu,blæst] ['fə:nis]高炉Coke [kəuk]焦炭Limestone [’laimstəun] 石灰石Slag [slæɡ] 熔渣Pig iron 生铁Ladle ['leidl]钢水包Silicon ['silikən, -kɔn]硅Sulphur ['sʌlfə] 硫Wrought [rɔ:t]可锻的Graphite [’ɡræfait] 石墨Flaky ['fleiki] 片状Low-carbon steels 低碳钢Case hardening 表面硬化Medium—carbon steels 中碳钢Electrode [i'lektrəud] 电极As a rule 通常Preheating [’pri:hi:tiŋ]预热Quench [kwentʃ]淬火Body-centered lattice 体心晶格Carbide [’kɑ:baid]碳化物Hypereutectoid [,haipəju'tektɔid] 过共晶Chromium [’krəumjəm]铬Manganese [’mæŋɡə,ni:s, ,mæŋɡə'ni:z] 锰Molybdenum [mɔ'libdinəm]钼Titanium [tai’teiniəm, ti—]钛Cobalt [kəu’bɔ:lt] 钴Tungsten ['tʌŋstən] 钨Vanadium [və’neidiəm]钒Pearlitic microstructure [pə:’litik] 珠光体组织Martensitic microstructure [,mɑ:tin’zitik] 马氏体组织Viscosity [vi’skɔsəti]粘性Wrought [rɔ:t] 锻造的Magnesium [mæɡ’ni:ziəm, -ʃi—]镁Flake [fleik] 片状Malleable [’mæliəbl]可锻的Nodular [’nɔdjulə, —dʒə-]球状Spheroidal [sfiə'rɔidəl] 球状Superior property [sju:’piriə, sju:pə—] [’prɔpəti]优越性Galvanization [,ɡælvənai’zeiʃən,—ni'z—] 镀锌Versatile [’və:sətail]通用的Battery grid 电极板Calcium [’kælsiəm]钙Tin [tin]锡Toxicity [tɔk'sisəti] 毒性Refractory [ri’fræktəri]耐火的Platinum ['plætinəm] 铂Polymer ['pɔlimə]聚合物Composite [’kɔmpəzit]混合物Erosive [i'rəusiv] 腐蚀性Inert [i'nə:t] 惰性Thermo chemically ['θə:məu][’kemikəli] 热化学Generator ['dʒenəreitə] 发电机Flaw [flɔ:] 缺陷Variability [,vεəriə'biləti] 易变的Annealing ?退火Tempering [’tempəriŋ] 回火Texture ['tekstʃə] 织构Kinetic [ki'netik, kai-]动力学Peculiarity [pi,kju:li'æriti] 特性Critical point 临界点Dispersity ? 弥散程度Spontaneous [spɔn’teiniəs]自发的Inherent grain [in'hiərənt][ɡrein 本质晶粒Toughness [’tʌfnis] 韧性Rupture ['rʌptʃə] 断裂Kinetic curve of transformation 转变动力学曲线Incubation period [,inkju'beiʃən]孕育期Sorbite ['sɔ:bait] 索氏体Troostite ['tru:stait] 屈氏体Disperse [dis’pə:s]弥散的Granular [’ɡrænjulə]颗粒状Metallurgical [,melə’lə:dʒik,-kəl] 冶金学的Precipitation [pri,sipi’teiʃən] 析出Depletion [di'pli:ʃən] 减少Quasi—eutectoid ['kweizai][ju:’tektɔid 伪共析Superposition [,sju:pəpə'ziʃən] 重叠Supersede [,sju:pə'si:d] 代替Dilatometric [,dilətəu'metrik]膨胀Unstable [,ʌn’steibl] 不稳定Supersaturate [,sju:pə'sætʃəreit]使过饱和Tetragonality ?正方度Shear [ʃiə]切变Displacement [dis'pleismənt] 位移Irreversible [,iri'və:səbl]不可逆的。
材料科学专业英语词汇d-nickeld镍(含4-5%mn之镍合金)英安岩石英安山岩dacronpolyesterfibers达克隆聚脂纤维Daetwyler-Schiltknechtrassingmachine奶牛场青铜牛奶罐青铜(20%Ni,8%Zn,4%Sn,其余为Cu)奶牛场产品奶酪产品dambar塞杆,weft DAMBLOCK水闸块damageline[疲劳]损害比例大马士革金属镶嵌法damascening大马森合金(含10%sn之青铜)达玛树脂dammargum达玛胶防潮降渗剂dampingcapacitydampingtest制振族验上下跳动的滚轴dandelionmetal登德耐易金属(含18%sb,10%sn,其余为pb之轴承合金)dapple不匀达西定律暗条件暗场darkfieldmicroscopy暗场显微法dart-droptesting双轴弯曲试验darwin'sconcept 达尔文观念dashetching达斯蚀刻Dash的圆领减震器datainterpretation数据阐明数据级源dataloggingmemory资料记录记忆器datalogging/datalog数据记录/数据记录表datamemory数据记忆器DataRambleFunction数据碎片函数DataTopological函数datalitedaubing[耐火砂]自补,涂抹daytank日量熔槽日光净空(新闻)daylightfastness色耐阳光度直流二极管溅射系统dcmeasurement直流测量单元直流参数测试系统dcparametrictest/dctestdc参数试验/直流测试dctest直流测试德布罗意-德博格雷定律(现代电子衍射技术的基础)脱气脱气法de-aluminification脱铝作用(铝青铜)de-emulsification解乳化de-enamelling去珐琅相位或时间偏差的反倾斜补偿deadsoftcastiron极软铸铁deadsoftsteel极软钢deadspots僻区自重型/自然重量型死烧dead-burneddolomite全烧白云石dead-burnedmagnesite全烧镁石dead-endpolymerization终端聚合deaeration脱气deags脱气浮标砖debranchingenzymes脱支梅debugger除错程式deburring去满边德拜特征温度德拜圆德拜方程德拜的概念debye-huckelapproximation狄胡近似法debye-huckeltheory狄胡理论debye-scherrercamera戴薛氏照相机debye-scherrerdiagrams狄拜图谱decaborane十硼十四氢十硼烷聚合物十硼烷四氢体贴花印花decalescencepoint减辉点癸酸癸酸decarboxylation去羧基作用decarburization脱碳decarburizeddepth脱碳深度decarburizedlayer脱碳层decarburizedstructure脱碳组织decay衮变脱氯设备分贝decoloration消色装饰decoratingkiln红炉;彩烧窑decorativecoating装饰护膜decorativeconcrete装饰混凝土decorativeeffects装饰效应decorativelaminates装饰层板decorativeribbon 装饰带条decoring砂心清除Decorvtivebackcoat背布装饰癸烯酸癸醇(1-癸醇)癸醇深度蚀刻deepforming深成形深淬钢deeplevel深能阶深能级瞬态光谱深亚微米设计深冲钢深冲钢deep-submergencesystem深浸系统deep-submergencevehicles深浸媒体deerskinsl 皮Dee[-pilefabrics长毛织物defasher塑模溢料残渣去除装置defect瑕疵,缺陷缺陷晶格defectsemiconductor瑕疵半导体defectstructure缺陷组织defects缺点爆燃(燃烧)爆燃去毛刺除雾剂除雾剂除雾剂消泡剂消泡剂deformableparticles可变形粒子deformation变形变形带变形区变形共晶变形共晶变形机制变形过程变形特性变形速率deformationstructure变形组织deformationtemperature变形温度deformationtexture变形织构deformationtwin变形双晶deformationvelocity变形速度deformationwidthofwire变形线宽deformation,reversible可逆变形随应力变形随时间变形degassingflux脱气熔剂degassingrate去气率degating去浇口degaussing去磁degermination去芽deghdrogenation脱氢退化回归degradationofplastics塑胶退解苯乙烯的降解degreaser去油剂分支度分支度分支度交联度结晶度硬化度降解度疲劳度自由度水合度水合度异构化度异构化度排列度取向度聚合度聚合度聚合度饱和度取代度取代度水脱硬性dehydrationbake脱水烘烤dehydrochlorination脱氯化氢dehydrogenatedrosin脱氢松香dehydrogenation脱氢脱氢过程的去离子deionizedwatercooling去离子水冷却deirondemanganeseequipment除铁除锰装置delaymodel延迟模型delaytime延迟时间延迟弹性延迟断裂延迟断裂延迟熄灭延迟火灾delayedtransformation延迟变态delayedyield延迟降伏延迟粘着剂有害物质消光器δ黄铜三角氮化δ青铜三角氮化δ铁三角氮化δ合金deltasolidsolutionδ固溶体delustering褪光退磁器退磁器。
材料专业英语词汇汇总Materials Science and Engineering Terminology.Atomic and Crystalline Structure.Atom: The smallest unit of an element that retains its chemical properties.Crystal: A solid with a regular and repeating arrangement of atoms or molecules.Crystal structure: The three-dimensional arrangement of atoms or molecules within a crystal.Lattice: A regular array of points representing the positions of atoms or molecules in a crystal.Unit cell: The smallest repeating unit in a crystal.Mechanical Properties.Strength: The ability of a material to resist deformation or failure under load.Stiffness: The resistance of a material to deformation under stress.Elasticity: The ability of a material to recover its shape after deformation.Plasticity: The ability of a material to deform permanently under stress.Fracture toughness: The resistance of a material to crack propagation.Thermal Properties.Thermal conductivity: The ability of a material to conduct heat.Specific heat capacity: The amount of heat required toraise the temperature of a unit mass of a material by one degree.Melting point: The temperature at which a material changes from a solid to a liquid.Boiling point: The temperature at which a material changes from a liquid to a gas.Electrical Properties.Electrical conductivity: The ability of a material to conduct electricity.Semiconductor: A material with electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator.Insulator: A material with very low electrical conductivity.Superconductor: A material that exhibits zeroelectrical resistance at certain temperatures.Magnetic Properties.Magnetic susceptibility: The extent to which a material is magnetized in response to an external magnetic field.Ferromagnetism: A material that is strongly attracted to magnets and can retain magnetization.Paramagnetism: A material that is weakly attracted to magnets.Diamagnetism: A material that is repelled by magnets.Optical Properties.Refractive index: The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in a material.Optical bandgap: The energy difference between the valence band and the conduction band in a semiconductor orinsulator.Absorption coefficient: The measure of how much light is absorbed by a material.Composite Materials.Composite: A material made of two or more different materials that are combined to achieve desired properties.Matrix: The continuous phase of a composite.Reinforcement: The discontinuous phase of a composite that enhances specific properties.Nanomaterials.Nanomaterial: A material with at least one dimension in the nanometer range (1-100 nm).Nanotube: A cylindrical nanostructure with a diameter in the nanometer range.Nanoparticle: A three-dimensional nanostructure with dimensions in the nanometer range.Nanowire: A one-dimensional nanostructure with a diameter in the nanometer range.Processing and Characterization Techniques.Casting: A process of forming a metal object by pouring molten metal into a mold.Forging: A process of shaping metal by hammering or pressing it under high temperature.Extrusion: A process of forming a metal object by forcing it through a die.Sintering: A process of bonding metal powders into a solid object by heating them below their melting point.Microscopy: A technique used to examine the structureand properties of materials at high magnification.Spectroscopy: A technique used to determine the chemical composition and molecular structure of materials.Diffraction: A technique used to determine the crystalline structure and defects in materials.。
材料专业英语常见词汇(一Structure 组织Ceramic 陶瓷Ductility 塑性Stiffness 刚度Grain 晶粒Phase 相Unit cell 单胞Bravais lattice 布拉菲点阵Stack 堆垛Crystal 晶体Metallic crystal structure 金属性晶体点阵 Non-directional 无方向性Face-centered cubic 面心立方 Body-centered cubic 体心立方 Hexagonal close-packed 密排六方 Copper 铜Aluminum 铝Chromium 铬 Tungsten 钨Crystallographic Plane 晶面 Crystallographic direction 晶向 Property 性质 Miller indices 米勒指数Lattice parameters 点阵参数Tetragonal 四方的Hexagonal 六方的Orthorhombic 正交的Rhombohedra 菱方的Monoclinic 单斜的Prism 棱镜Cadmium 镉 Coordinate system 坐Point defec点缺陷 Lattice 点阵 Vacancy 空位Solidification 结晶Interstitial 间隙Substitution 置换Solid solution strengthening 固溶强化Diffusion 扩散Homogeneous 均匀的Diffusion Mechanisms 扩散机制Lattice distortion 点阵畸变Self-diffusion 自扩散Fick’s First Law菲克第一定律 Unit time 单位时间Coefficient 系数Concentration gradient 浓度梯度Dislocations 位错Linear defect 线缺陷Screw dislocation 螺型位错Edge dislocation 刃型位错Vector 矢量Loop 环路Burgers’vector柏氏矢量Perpendicular 垂直于Surface defect 面缺陷Grain boundary 晶界Twin boundary 晶界 Shear force 剪应力Deformation 变形Small ( or low) angel grain boundary 小角度晶界Tilt boundary 倾斜晶界Supercooled 过冷的Solidification 凝固Ordering process 有序化过程Crystallinity 结晶度Microstructure 纤维组织Term 术语Phase Diagram 相图Equilibrium 平衡Melt 熔化Cast 浇注Crystallization 结晶Binary Isomorphous Systems 二元匀晶相图Soluble 溶解Phase Present 存在相Locate 确定Tie line 连接线Isotherm 等温线Concentration 浓度Intersection 交点The Lever Law 杠杆定律Binary Eutectic System 二元共晶相图Solvus Line 溶解线Invariant 恒定Isotherm 恒温线Cast Iron 铸铁Ferrite 珠光体Polymorphic transformation 多晶体转变Austenite 奥氏体Revert 回复Intermediate compound 中间化合物Cementite 渗碳体Vertical 垂线Nonmagnetic 无磁性的Solubility 溶解度Brittle 易脆的Eutectic 共晶Eutectoid invariant point 共析点Phase transformation 相变Allotropic 同素异形体Recrystallization 再结晶Metastable 亚稳的Martensitic transformation 马氏体转变Lamellae 薄片Simultaneously 同时存在Pearlite 珠光体Ductile 可塑的Mechanically 机械性能Hypo eutectoid 过共析的Particle 颗粒Matrix 基体Proeutectoid 先共析Hypereutectoid 亚共析的Bainite 贝氏体Martensite 马氏体Linearity 线性的Stress-strain curve 应力-应变曲线Proportional limit 比例极限Tensile strength 抗拉强度Ductility 延展性Percent reduction in area 断面收缩率Hardness 硬度Modulus of Elasticity 弹性模量Tolerance 公差Rub 摩擦Wear 磨损Corrosion resistance 抗腐蚀性Aluminum 铝Zinc 锌Iron ore 铁矿Blast furnace 高炉Coke 焦炭Limestone 石灰石Slag 熔渣Pig iron 生铁Ladle 钢水包Silicon 硅Sulphur 硫Wrought 可锻的Graphite 石墨Flaky 片状Low-carbon steels 低碳钢Case hardening 表面硬化Medium-carbon steels 中碳钢Electrode 电极As a rule 通常Preheating 预热Quench 淬火Body-centered lattice 体心晶格Carbide 碳化物Hypereutectoid 过共晶Chromium 铬Manganese 锰Molybdenum 钼Titanium 钛Cobalt 钴Tungsten 钨Vanadium 钒Pearlitic microstructure 珠光体组织Martensitic microstructure 马氏体组织Viscosity 粘性Wrought 锻造的Magnesium 镁Flake 片状Malleable 可锻的Nodular 球状Spheroidal 球状Superior property 优越性Galvanization 镀锌Versatile 通用的Battery grid 电极板Calcium 钙Tin 锡Toxicity 毒性Refractory 耐火的Platinum 铂Polymer 聚合物Composite 混合物Erosive 腐蚀性Inert 惰性Thermo chemically 热化学Generator 发电机Flaw 缺陷Variability 易变的Annealing 退火Tempering 回火Texture 织构Kinetic 动力学Peculiarity 特性Critical point 临界点Dispersity 弥散程度Spontaneous 自发的Inherent grain 本质晶粒Toughness 韧性Rupture 断裂Kinetic curve of transformation 转变动力学曲线Incubation period 孕育期Sorbite 索氏体Troostite 屈氏体Disperse 弥散的Granular 颗粒状Metallurgical 冶金学的Precipitation 析出Depletion 减少Quasi-eutectoid 伪共析Superposition 重叠Supersede 代替Dilatometric 膨胀Unstable 不稳定Supersaturate 使过饱和Tetragonality 正方度Shear 切变Displacement 位移Irreversible 不可逆的金属材料工程专业英语acid-base equilibrium酸碱平衡acid-base indicator酸碱指示剂acid bath酸槽acid(Bessemer)converter酸性转炉acid brick酸性耐火砖acid brittleness酸洗脆性、氢脆性acid burden酸性炉料acid clay酸性粘土acid cleaning (同pickling)酸洗acid concentration酸浓度acid converter酸性转炉acid converter steel酸性转炉钢acid content酸含量acid corrosion酸腐蚀acid deficient弱酸的、酸不足的acid dip 酸浸 acid dip pickler(沉浸式) 酸洗装置acid(dip)tank酸液(浸洗)槽acid drain tank排酸槽acidless descaling无酸除鳞acid medium酸性介质acid mist酸雾acid-proof paint耐酸涂料(漆)acid-proof steel耐酸钢acid-resistant耐酸钢acid-resisting vessel耐酸槽acid strength酸浓度acid supply pump供酸泵acid wash酸洗acid value酸值acid wash solution酸洗液acieration渗碳、增碳Acm point Acm转变点(渗碳体析出温度)acorn nut螺母、螺帽acoustic absorption coefficient声吸收系数acoustic susceptance声纳actifier再生器action line作用线action spot作用点activated atom激活原子activated bath活化槽activated carbon活性碳activating treatment活化处理active corrosion活性腐蚀、强烈腐蚀active area有效面积active power有功功率、有效功率active product放射性产物active resistance有效电阻、纯电阻active roll gap轧辊的有效(或工作)开口度active state活性状态active surface有效(表)面activity coefficient激活系数、活度系数actual diameter(钢丝绳)实际直径actual efficiency实际效率actual error实际误差actual time实时actual working stress实际加工应力actuating device调节装置、传动装置、起动装置actuating lever驱动杆、起动杆actuating mechanism 动作机构、执行机构actuating motor驱动电动机、伺服电动机actuating pressure作用压力actuation shaft 起动轴actuator调节器、传动装置、执行机构acute angle锐角adaptive feed back control自适应反馈控制adaptive optimization自适应最优化adaptor接头、接合器、连结装置、转接器、附件材料科学基础专业词汇:第一章晶体结构原子质量单位Atomic mass unit (amu) 原子数Atomic number 原子量Atomic weight波尔原子模型Bohr atomic model 键能Bonding energy 库仑力Coulombic force共价键Covalent bond 分子的构型molecular configuration电子构型electronic configuration 负电的Electronegative 正电的Electropositive基态Ground state 氢键Hydrogen bond 离子键Ionic bond 同位素Isotope金属键Metallic bond 摩尔Mole 分子Molecule 泡利不相容原理Pauli exclusion principle 元素周期表Periodic table 原子atom 分子molecule 分子量molecule weight极性分子Polar molecule 量子数quantum number 价电子valence electron范德华键van der waals bond 电子轨道electron orbitals 点群point group对称要素symmetry elements 各向异性anisotropy 原子堆积因数atomic packing factor(APF) 体心立方结构body-centered cubic (BCC) 面心立方结构face-centered cubic (FCC)布拉格定律bragg’s law 配位数coordination number 晶体结构crystal structure晶系crystal system 晶体的crystalline 衍射diffraction 中子衍射neutron diffraction电子衍射electron diffraction 晶界grain boundary 六方密堆积hexagonal close-packed (HCP) 鲍林规则Pauling’s rules NaCl型结构NaCl-type structureCsCl型结构Caesium Chloride structure 闪锌矿型结构Blende-type structure纤锌矿型结构Wurtzite structure 金红石型结构Rutile structure萤石型结构Fluorite structure 钙钛矿型结构Perovskite-type structure尖晶石型结构Spinel-type structure 硅酸盐结构Structure of silicates岛状结构Island structure 链状结构Chain structure 层状结构Layer structure架状结构Framework structure 滑石talc 叶蜡石pyrophyllite 高岭石kaolinite石英quartz 长石feldspar 美橄榄石forsterite 各向同性的isotropic各向异性的anisotropy 晶格lattice 晶格参数lattice parameters 密勒指数miller indices 非结晶的noncrystalline多晶的polycrystalline 多晶形polymorphism 单晶single crystal 晶胞unit cell电位electron states(化合)价valence 电子electrons 共价键covalent bonding金属键metallic bonding 离子键Ionic bonding 极性分子polar molecules原子面密度atomic planar density 衍射角diffraction angle 合金alloy粒度,晶粒大小grain size 显微结构microstructure 显微照相photomicrograph扫描电子显微镜scanning electron microscope (SEM)透射电子显微镜transmission electron microscope (TEM) 重量百分数weight percent四方的tetragonal 单斜的monoclinic 配位数coordination number材料科学基础专业词汇:第二章晶体结构缺陷缺陷defect, imperfection 点缺陷point defect 线缺陷line defect, dislocation面缺陷interface defect 体缺陷volume defect 位错排列dislocation arrangement位错线dislocation line 刃位错edge dislocation 螺位错screw dislocation混合位错mixed dislocation 晶界grain boundaries 大角度晶界high-angle grain boundaries小角度晶界tilt boundary, 孪晶界twin boundaries 位错阵列dislocation array位错气团dislocation atmosphere 位错轴dislocation axis 位错胞dislocation cell位错爬移dislocation climb 位错聚结dislocation coalescence 位错滑移dislocation slip 位错核心能量dislocation core energy 位错裂纹dislocation crack位错阻尼dislocation damping 位错密度dislocation density原子错位substitution of a wrong atom 间隙原子interstitial atom晶格空位vacant lattice sites 间隙位置interstitial sites 杂质impurities弗伦克尔缺陷Frenkel disorder 肖脱基缺陷Schottky disorder 主晶相the host lattice 错位原子misplaced atoms 缔合中心Associated Centers. 自由电子Free Electrons电子空穴Electron Holes 伯格斯矢量Burgers 克罗各-明克符号Kroger Vink notation 中性原子neutral atom材料科学基础专业词汇:第二章晶体结构缺陷-固溶体固溶体solid solution 固溶度solid solubility 化合物compound间隙固溶体interstitial solid solution 置换固溶体substitutional solid solution金属间化合物intermetallics 不混溶固溶体immiscible solid solution转熔型固溶体peritectic solid solution 有序固溶体ordered solid solution无序固溶体disordered solid solution 固溶强化solid solution strengthening取代型固溶体Substitutional solid solutions 过饱和固溶体supersaturated solid solution 非化学计量化合物Nonstoichiometric compound材料科学基础专业词汇:第三章熔体结构熔体结构structure of melt过冷液体supercooling melt 玻璃态vitreous state软化温度softening temperature 粘度viscosity 表面张力Surface tension介稳态过渡相metastable phase 组织constitution 淬火quenching退火的softened 玻璃分相phase separation in glasses 体积收缩volume shrinkage材料科学基础专业词汇:第四章固体的表面与界面表面surface 界面interface 同相界面homophase boundary异相界面heterophase boundary 晶界grain boundary 表面能surface energy小角度晶界low angle grain boundary 大角度晶界high angle grain boundary共格孪晶界coherent twin boundary 晶界迁移grain boundary migration错配度mismatch 驰豫relaxation 重构reconstuction 表面吸附surface adsorption表面能surface energy 倾转晶界titlt grain boundary 扭转晶界twist grain boundary倒易密度reciprocal density 共格界面coherent boundary 半共格界面semi-coherent boundary 非共格界面noncoherent boundary 界面能interfacial free energy应变能strain energy 晶体学取向关系crystallographic orientation惯习面habit plane材料科学基础专业词汇:第五章相图相图phase diagrams 相phase 组分component 组元compoonent相律Phase rule 投影图Projection drawing 浓度三角形Concentration triangle冷却曲线Cooling curve 成分composition 自由度freedom相平衡phase equilibrium 化学势chemical potential 热力学thermodynamics相律phase rule 吉布斯相律Gibbs phase rule 自由能free energy吉布斯自由能Gibbs free energy 吉布斯混合能Gibbs energy of mixing吉布斯熵Gibbs entropy 吉布斯函数Gibbs function 热力学函数thermodynamics function热分析thermal analysis 过冷supercooling 过冷度degree of supercooling杠杆定律lever rule 相界phase boundary 相界线phase boundary line相界交联phase boundary crosslinking 共轭线conjugate lines相界有限交联phase boundary crosslinking 相界反应phase boundary reaction相变phase change 相组成phase composition 共格相phase-coherent金相相组织phase constentuent 相衬phase contrast 相衬显微镜phase contrast microscope相衬显微术phase contrast microscopy 相分布phase distribution相平衡常数phase equilibrium constant 相平衡图phase equilibrium diagram相变滞后phase transition lag 相分离phase segregation 相序phase order相稳定性phase stability 相态phase state 相稳定区phase stabile range相变温度phase transition temperature 相变压力phase transition pressure同质多晶转变polymorphic transformation 同素异晶转变allotropic transformation相平衡条件phase equilibrium conditions 显微结构microstructures 低共熔体eutectoid不混溶性immiscibility材料科学基础专业词汇:第六章扩散活化能activation energy 扩散通量diffusion flux 浓度梯度concentration gradient菲克第一定律Fick’s first law 菲克第二定律Fick’s second law 相关因子correlation factor 稳态扩散steady state diffusion 非稳态扩散nonsteady-state diffusion扩散系数diffusion coefficient 跳动几率jump frequency填隙机制interstitalcy mechanism 晶界扩散grain boundary diffusion短路扩散short-circuit diffusion 上坡扩散uphill diffusion 下坡扩散Downhill diffusion互扩散系数Mutual diffusion 渗碳剂carburizing 浓度梯度concentration gradient浓度分布曲线concentration profile 扩散流量diffusion flux 驱动力driving force间隙扩散interstitial diffusion 自扩散self-diffusion 表面扩散surface diffusion空位扩散vacancy diffusion 扩散偶diffusion couple 扩散方程diffusion equation扩散机理diffusion mechanism 扩散特性diffusion property 无规行走Random walk达肯方程Dark equation 柯肯达尔效应Kirkendall equation本征热缺陷Intrinsic thermal defect 本征扩散系数Intrinsic diffusion coefficient离子电导率Ion-conductivity 空位机制Vacancy concentration材料科学基础专业词汇:第七章相变过冷supercooling 过冷度degree of supercooling 晶核nucleus 形核nucleation形核功nucleation energy 晶体长大crystal growth 均匀形核homogeneous nucleation非均匀形核heterogeneous nucleation 形核率nucleation rate 长大速率growth rate热力学函数thermodynamics function 临界晶核critical nucleus临界晶核半径critical nucleus radius 枝晶偏析dendritic segregation局部平衡localized equilibrium 平衡分配系数equilibrium distributioncoefficient有效分配系数effective distribution coefficient 成分过冷constitutional supercooling引领(领先)相leading phase 共晶组织eutectic structure 层状共晶体lamellar eutectic伪共晶pseudoeutectic 离异共晶divorsed eutectic 表面等轴晶区chill zone柱状晶区columnar zone 中心等轴晶区equiaxed crystal zone定向凝固unidirectional solidification 急冷技术splatcooling 区域提纯zone refining单晶提拉法Czochralski method 晶界形核boundary nucleation位错形核dislocation nucleation 晶核长大nuclei growth斯宾那多分解spinodal decomposition 有序无序转变disordered-order transition马氏体相变martensite phase transformation 马氏体martensite材料科学基础专业词汇:第八、九章固相反应和烧结固相反应solid state reaction 烧结sintering 烧成fire 合金alloy 再结晶Recrystallization 二次再结晶Secondary recrystallization 成核nucleation 结晶crystallization子晶,雏晶matted crystal 耔晶取向seed orientation 异质核化heterogeneous nucleation 均匀化热处理homogenization heat treatment 铁碳合金iron-carbon alloy渗碳体cementite 铁素体ferrite 奥氏体austenite 共晶反应eutectic reaction固溶处理solution heat treatment。