差速器壳体工艺及镗工装设计

外文原文Differential shell process and boring tooling design The motor car engine power transmission shaft and the clutch, and finally to drive around again assigned half shaft drive wheels, in this article, the drive power transmission way, it is the final assembly of the main parts is reducer and differential. Gear reducer is increased, the function of torque and completely on gear meshing gears, between are easy to understand. But more difficult to understand differential, what, why "differential differential"?The car is driven car differential main parts. It is in the power of both half shaft transmission shaft, allowing both half with different speed spinning wheels, satisfy both pure rolling form as possible, reducing equi-distant not tire and ground friction.Spider diagramObject graph theory differentialfunctionalAt the turn of the car wheel track line, if the car is circular arc, turn left at the center, and at the same time, the wheels went arc length, the wheels than to balance the difference, left, and right wheel wheels slowlySlip differentialFaster, with different speed up the distance.If you make a whole after wheel, can accomplish on both sides of the wheel speed difference, is also does not have an automatic adjustment. In order to solve this problem, a hundred years ago, France Renault automotive company founderluis Renault will design a differential this thing.Slip differentialconstituteOrdinary differential planetary wheel planetary gear, by plane (d ifferential shell), half axle gear parts etc. The power of the engine into the differential transmissionStructurePlanetary wheel frame, driven directly by the planets wheel driv e, right and left two half shaft, wheel drive left and right. Meet the design requirements of differential (left) and the shaft speed (right) = 2 (axial rotational speed) planet round frame. When the car goe s, left, right wheel and planetary wheel frame of equal speed, and in a state of equilibrium in the balance among car when turning ro und to destruction, reduce the speed, the wheel speed increase.StructurePrincipleThis adjustment is automatic differential here, involves "minimal energyconsumption principle", namely earth all objects are tend to minimum energy. Such a grain of beans in a bowl, beans will automatically stays in the bowl bottom and never stay in the bowl wall, because the bowl bottom is the lowest energy (potential), it automatically select static (minimum) without energy. In the same way,A 3d effectWheel in turning also will be the lowest power consumption tendency, automatically adjusted according to turn radius of the wheel speed around.When turning wheel, because the pull of the phenomenon, the medial wheel slip phenomenon, two driving wheel at will produce two opposite direction of additional force, due to the "principle of minimal energy consumption, will inevitably lead to the wheel speed different sides, thus destroyed the balance between three and half shaft are reflected by the half axle gear planetary gears, forced to produce the half shaft rotation speed, speed, the medial axis speed slow speed, so as to realize the difference on both sides wheels.If the drive wheels on both sides of the drive shaft with a whole rigid connection, only two wheels at the same Angle rotation. So, when the steering wheel, due to the lateral than inside the distance moved across the wheels, will make the scroll wheel on the slide, and drag on the scroll wheel inside the slip. Even the car run straight road gravamen, because although flat tire surface or rolling radius (but ranging from manufacturing error, wear different tyres, ranging from uneven pressure or carrying of sliding wheel) and cause.When the wheel sliding tire wear, not only aggravate increased power and fuel consumption, still can make steering difficulties, braking performance deterio rated. As for the wheels, and does not occur in structure sliding must ensure each wheel at different angles can rotate.Axis between differential driven wheels usually use bearing spindle support in the, can at any Angle rotation, and drive wheels with two and half shaft rigid connection, between two and half shaft with differential. The differential and called shaft between differential.Many of the drive shaft, and to make each off-road vehicle drive to different velocity rotating, in order to eliminate the bridge of the drive wheels, some in two axles sliding between between shaft with differential.Differential inspection1 differential shell doesn't have any properties of crack, shell and planetary gear differential half shaft washer, contact between gear, should be smooth without groove, If there is a slight groove or wear, can continue to use after grinding, or should be replaced or be repaired.2 the planetary gear differential shell and planetary gear wheel when the fitting clearance shall not greater than 0.1-0.15 mm, half axle gear shaft neck and shell hole for clearance, with no obvious loose labels should be replaced or feeling, or repair.Shell's processing technologyThe processing quality not only affects shell, the assembly precision and accuracy, but also affects the movement of the machine working accuracy, performance and life.There are many kinds of shell structure, its size and form with the structure of the machine and the shell in machine has the different function. But they rema in on the analysis from the craft had a lot in common and its structure features are:(1) appearance is basically composed of six or five plane again into the closed-end polyhedron, integral and combined two,(2) structure shape is more complex. Inside the cavity is often, some places "partition wall, shell and uneven thickness thin.(3) shell walls are usually decorate have parallel hole or vertical hole,(4) on the shell, main processing is the number of plane, in addition to many higher accuracy and precision of supporting bearing with less demanding tighten pore.Shell parts technical requirements:(1) bearing support size precision and accuracy, surface roughness, requirements,(2) position precision including hole axis of the distance between the dimension precision, the same axis parallel degree in each hole, and KongDuan facing the coaxial tolerance of vertical axis holes; etc.(3) to meet the needs and positioning of the shell processing machine assembly request, shell and assembly of shell with the datum plane positioning due and certain degree, and the surface roughness requirements, The bearing hole and assembling a certain distance between datum due to the accuracy requirement of the size.中文译文差速器壳体工艺及工装设计汽车发动机的动力经离合器、变速器、传动轴，最后传送到驱动桥再左右分配给半轴驱动车轮，在这条动力传送途径上，驱动桥是最后一个总成，它的主要部件是减速器和差速器。

本毕业设计题目是差速器右壳工艺规程及工装夹具设计。

本毕业设计内容主要包括零件图的工艺分析，包括零件的结构分析，技术条件分析，材料及切削特性的分析，零件的工艺性分析等；毛坯的设计，包括毛坯种类的确定，毛坯的工艺要求，毛坯的余量和公差以及毛坯零件图绘制；工艺规程设计，包括工艺路线的制定，工序尺寸的制定，主要表面的加工方法及表面质量和尺寸精度的保证方法，热处理工序和辅助工序的安排，工时计算以及绘制工艺流程图。

夹具为钻床夹具，本夹具专为钻、铰十字轴孔这两道工序而设计，设计普通机床能使用的夹具，包括其设计方案，总体说明，夹具的构造特点及原则；夹具定位、夹紧方案的选择及设计，误差计算，夹紧力计算等内容以及夹具装配图和夹具体零件图的绘制。

关键字：差速器右壳；工艺规程；夹具；设计This graduation design topic is right differential shell process planning and fixture design. This graduation design mainly includes the analysis of the process of parts drawing, including the analysis of parts of the structure, technical condition analysis, analysis of materials and cutting characteristics, parts of the processanalysis and so on; blank design, including the determination of blank type,process requirements blank, blank allowance and tolerance and blank parts drawing process; design, including the development of technology, the development process size, ensure the method of processing methods of surfaceand surface quality and dimensional accuracy, arrange heat treatment processand auxiliary process, man hour calculation and drawing process flow diagram.Fixture for drilling fixture, the fixture is designed for the two processes of cross axle hole drilling, reaming and design, fixture design of common machine tool to use,including its design scheme, general description, structure features and principlesof the selection and design of fixture; fixture, clamping scheme, error calculation,clamping force calculation and so and draw fixture assembly and with specific parts of the.Key words: right differential shell; process planning; fixture design对典型零件的工艺及夹具结构设计，在加深我们对课程基本理论的理解和加强对解决工程实际问题能力的培养方面发挥着极其重要的作用。

机械工艺夹具毕业设计23差速器壳体工艺及工装设计差速器壳体是差速器的主要组成部分之一，它的工艺及工装设计对于差速器的生产质量和效率有着重要的影响。

本文将从工艺流程、工装设计和工艺参数三个方面对差速器壳体的工艺及工装设计进行详细阐述。

一、工艺流程的设计差速器壳体的工艺流程一般包括以下几个环节：材料采购、钣金加工、焊接、表面处理和装配。

首先，根据差速器壳体的制造要求，选择合适的材料，并进行采购。

其次，对采购的材料进行钣金加工，包括剪切、冲孔、折弯等工艺，以得到相应的壳体零件。

然后，对壳体零件进行焊接，常用的焊接方法有TIG焊、MIG焊等。

接着，对焊接好的壳体进行表面处理，如砂光、喷涂、电镀等，以提高壳体的表面质量。

最后，将各个零件进行装配，形成完整的差速器壳体。

二、工装设计1.材料输送工装：用于将原材料从仓库输送到钣金加工区域，采用传送带或叉车等设备。

2.钣金加工工装：包括剪切机、冲孔机、折弯机等设备，用于对原材料进行各种加工。

3.焊接工装：包括焊接夹具、焊接机器人等设备，用于对壳体零件进行焊接操作。

4.表面处理工装：包括砂光机、喷涂机、电镀设备等，用于对焊接好的壳体进行表面处理。

5.装配工装：包括装配平台、固定夹具等设备，用于将各个零件进行装配。

三、工艺参数的确定1.材料参数：主要包括材料的种类、厚度等。

根据差速器壳体的设计要求和生产经验，选择合适的材料，并确定材料的厚度。

2.加工参数：包括钣金加工的各项参数，如剪切、冲孔、折弯等工艺的刀具选用、切削速度、切削深度等参数。

3.焊接参数：包括焊接的工艺参数和焊接设备的选择。

根据焊接材料和焊接零件的材质选择合适的焊接方法和焊接参数。

4.表面处理参数：包括砂光、喷涂、电镀等工艺的参数。

根据壳体表面的要求选择适当的参数，如砂光的颗粒大小、喷涂的喷枪间距、电镀的电流和时间等。

通过合理设计工艺流程，设计适用的工装和确定合适的工艺参数，可以提高差速器壳体的生产效率和质量，为差速器的整体性能和可靠性提供良好的保障。

外文文献及译文文献题目：Differential shell process and boring tooling design 文献来源： Taylor&Francis文献发表日期： 2011年09月01日学生姓名：学号：系别：专业：指导教师：职称：2017年5月19日Differential shell process and boring tooling designThe motor car engine power transmission shaft and the clutch, and finally to drive around again assigned half shaft drive wheels, in this article, the drive power transmission way, it is the final assembly of the main parts is reducer and differential. Gear reducer is increased, the function of torque and completely on gear meshing gears, between are easy to understand. But more difficult to understand differential,what, why "differential differential"?The car is driven car differential main parts. It is in the power of both half shaft transmission shaft, allowing both half with different speed spinning wheels, satisfyboth pure rolling form as possible, reducing equidistant not tire and ground friction.spider diagramObject graph theory differentialfunctionalAt the turn of the car wheel track line, if the car is circular arc, turn left at the center, and at the same time, the wheels went arc length, the wheels than to balance the difference, left, and right wheel wheels slowlySlip differentialFaster, with different speed up the distance.If you make a whole after wheel, can accomplish on both sides of the wheel speed difference, is also does not have an automatic adjustment. In order to solve this problem, a hundred years ago, France Renault automotive company founder luis Renault will design a differential this thing.Slip differentialconstituteOrdinary differential planetary wheel planetary gear, by plane (differential shell), half axle gear parts etc. The power of the engine into the differential transmission.StructurePlanetary wheel frame, driven directly by the planets wheel drive, right and left two half shaft, wheel drive left and right. Meet the design requirements of differential (left) and the shaft speed (right)= 2 (axial rotational speed) planet round frame. When the car goes, left, right wheel and planetary wheel frame of equal speed, and in a state of equilibrium in the balance among car when turning round to destruction, reduce the speed, the wheel speed increase.StructurePrincipleThis adjustment is automatic differential here, involves "minimal energy consumption principle", namely earth all objects are tend to minimum energy. Such a grain of beans in a bowl, beans will automatically stays in the bowl bottom and never stay in the bowl wall, because the bowl bottom is the lowest energy (potential), it automatically select static (minimum) without energy. In the same Wheel in turning also will be the lowest power consumption tendency, automatically adjusted according to turn radius of the wheel speed around.A 3d effectWhen turning wheel, because the pull of the phenomenon, the medial wheel slip phenomenon, two driving wheel at will produce two opposite direction of additional force, due to the "principle of minimal energy consumption, will inevitably lead to the wheel speed different sides, thus destroyed the balance between three and half shaft are reflected by the half axle gear planetary gears, forced to produce the half shaft rotation speed, speed, the medial axis speed slow speed, so as to realize the difference on both sides wheels.If the drive wheels on both sides of the drive shaft with a whole rigid connection, only two wheels at the same Angle rotation. So, when the steering wheel, due to the lateral than inside the distance moved across the wheels, will make the scroll wheel on the slide, and drag on the scroll wheel inside the slip. Even the car run straight road gravamen, because although flat tire surface or rolling radius (but ranging from manufacturing error, wear different tyres, ranging from uneven pressure or carrying of sliding wheel) and cause.When the wheel sliding tire wear, not only aggravate increased power and fuel consumption, still can make steering difficulties, braking performance deteriorated. As for the wheels, and does not occur in structure sliding must ensure each wheelat different angles can rotate.Axis between differential driven wheels usually use bearing spindle support in the, can at any Angle rotation, and drive wheels with two and half shaft rigid connection, between two and half shaft with differential. The differential and called shaft between differential.Many of the drive shaft, and to make each off-road vehicle drive to different velocity rotating, in order to eliminate the bridge of the drive wheels, some in two axles sliding between between shaft with differential.Differential inspection1 differential shell doesn't have any properties of crack, shell and planetary gear differential half shaft washer, contact between gear, should be smooth without groove, If there is a slight groove or wear, can continue to use after grinding, or should be replaced or be repaired.2 the planetary gear differential shell and planetary gear wheel when the fitting clearance shall not greater than 0.1-0.15 mm, half axle gear shaft neck and shell hole for clearance, with no obvious loose labels should be replaced or feeling, or repair.Shell's processing technologyThe processing quality not only affects shell, the assembly precision and accuracy, but also affects the movement of the machine working accuracy, performance and life.There are many kinds of shell structure, its size and form with the structure of the machineand the shell in machine has the different function. But they remain on the analysis from the craft had a lot in common and its structure features are:(1) appearance is basically composed of six or five plane again into the closed-end polyhedron, integral and combined two,(2) structure shape is more complex. Inside the cavity is often, some places "partition wall, shell and uneven thickness thin.(3) shell walls are usually decorate have parallel hole or vertical hole,(4) on the shell, main processing is the number of plane, in addition to many higher accuracy and precision of supporting bearing with less demanding tighten pore.Shell parts technical requirements:(1) bearing support size precision and accuracy, surface roughness, requirements,(2) position precision including hole axis of the distance between the dimension precision, the same axis parallel degree in each hole, and Kong Duan facing the coaxial tolerance of vertical axis holes; etc.(3) to meet the needs and positioning of the shell processing machine assembly request, shell and assembly of shell with the datum plane positioning due and certain degree, and the surface roughness requirements, The bearing hole and assembling a certain distance between datum due to the accuracy requirement of.差速器壳体工艺及工装设计汽车发动机的动力经离合器、变速器、传动轴最后传送到驱动桥再左右分配给半轴驱动车轮，在这条动力传送途径上，驱动桥是最后一个总成，它的主要部件是减速器和差速器。

摘要随着社会的发展，汽车在生产和生活中的越来越广泛，差速器是汽车中的重要部件，其壳体的结构及加工精度直接影响差速器的正常工作，因此研究差速器的加工方法和工艺的编制是十分必要和有意义的。

本次设计主要内容有：差速器的工作原理结构分析，差速器壳体的工艺编制，夹具的设计及加工中对定位基准的选择，工序和工装设计中切削用量，夹紧力的计算等。

机床夹具的种类很多，其中，使用范围最广的通用夹具，规格尺寸多已标准化，并且有专业的工厂进行生产。

而广泛用于批量生产，专为某工件加工工序服务的专用夹具，则需要各制造厂根据工件加工工艺自行设计制造。

本设计的主要内容是设计镗孔夹具和钻孔夹具。

关键词：差速器，壳体，工艺规程，夹具设计AbstractAlong with social development motor vehicle production and life in anincreasingly wide differential device is an important vehicle componentsand its interior structure and processing precision differential devicedirectly affect the normal work study differential device case processingmethods and techniques of preparation is necessary andmeaningful. Thecurrent design of the main elements: differential devicestructuresoperating principles of analysis differential device case preparationprocesses design and smooth-bore jig for positioning baseline processingoptions smooth-boredesign processes suits cutting consumption increasedcomputing power.Machine toolfixture of many kinds, among them, the most widely used common fixture, sizespecifications have been standardized, and a professional production plant. While widely used in batch production, designed for a certain workpiece processing services for the fixture, it needs each factory according to workpiece machining technology to design and manufacture. The main contents of this design is the design of drilling jig and milling fixture, the need for parts than22hole milling face milling.Key Words:differential device，case，technological process，jig design目录摘要 (1)Abstract (2)目录 (3)第1章绪论 (5)1.1 课题的背景及意义 (5)1.2 差速器的主要分类 (5)1.2.1 开式差速器 (5)1.2.2 限滑差速器 (6)1.3 差速器结构 (6)1.3论文主要内容 (7)第2章零件的分析 (7)2.1 零件的作用 (7)2.2 零件的工艺分析 (8)第3章工艺规程设计 (9)3.1 基准面的选择 (9)3.1.1 粗基准的选择 (10)3.1.2 精基准的选择 (10)3.2 毛坯的制造形式 (10)3.3 制订工艺路线 (10)3.3.1. 工艺线路方案一 (10)3.3.2 工艺路线方案二 (11)3.3.3. 工艺方案的比较与分析 (11)3.4 机械加工余量、工序尺寸及毛坯尺寸的确定 (12)3.4.1 外圆表面 (12)3.5 内圆表面 (14)3.4.3 端面 (15)3.4.4 凸台 (16)3.4.5 孔类 (16)第4章 确定差速器切削用量及基本工时 (16)4.1 工序1 铣φ200外圆右端面（大头）。

差速器壳体工艺及镗工装设计一、引言差速器壳体是汽车差速器的重要组成部分，具有支撑和固定齿轮和轴的功能，因此其工艺和装配对差速器的稳定性和运行性能起着重要作用。

本文将介绍差速器壳体的工艺流程和镗工装设计。

二、差速器壳体的工艺流程差速器壳体的制造工艺一般包括以下几个步骤：1. 材料准备选择合适的材料是制造高质量差速器壳体的前提。

常用的材料有铝合金、铸铁等。

合理选择材料可以提高差速器壳体的强度和耐磨性。

2. 零件加工差速器壳体一般由多个零件组成，需要进行零件加工。

零件加工包括铣削、钻孔、车削等工序，以形成壳体的基本形状和孔洞。

3. 焊接将加工好的零件进行焊接，焊接工艺应选用适当的焊接方式和焊接材料，以确保焊接强度和密封性。

4. 表面处理对焊接好的壳体进行表面处理，一般包括清洗、喷涂、烤漆等工序，以提高壳体的美观度和耐腐蚀性。

5. 检测和装配对制造好的壳体进行严格的检测和质量控制，包括尺寸测量、焊接质量检验等。

通过合格的检测后，进行差速器齿轮和轴的装配。

三、镗工装设计差速器壳体的镗工装设计是为了保证差速器壳体内部孔洞的精度和相互位置的精确度。

以下是镗工装设计的步骤：1. 镗工装的选择根据差速器壳体的孔洞形状和尺寸，选择合适的镗工装。

常用的镗工装有手动镗床、数控镗床等。

应根据生产量和精度要求选择最合适的镗工装。

2. 差速器壳体的夹紧方式差速器壳体在镗工装上进行夹紧，夹紧方式应能保证壳体的稳定性和刚性，以减少加工误差。

常用的夹紧方式有机械夹紧和液压夹紧等。

3. 加工路径的设计根据差速器壳体的几何形状和孔洞布局，设计加工路径，以保证镗工的精度和效率。

在设计加工路径时应考虑刀具的刚性和切削力等因素。

4. 刀具的选择和切削参数的确定根据差速器壳体材料和孔洞尺寸，选择合适的刀具，并确定切削速度、进给量和切削深度等切削参数，以提高加工效率和镗工质量。

5. 加工过程的监控和调整在镗工过程中，应定期检查加工质量，对镗削刀具进行监控和调整，以保证壳体孔洞的尺寸精度和表面质量。

差速器壳工艺设计设计内容：读零件工作图，绘制毛坯—零件合图，填写机械加工工艺过程卡，填写机械加工工序卡，编写设计说明书。

差速器壳零件图见图2-1，生产纲领为10000件/年。

第一章1.1 分析零件图1.零件的作用差速器示意图如图2-2所示，它是差速器的一个主要零件，其功能是使左，右驱动轮以恒扭矩不等速旋转，以适应机器转向运动的需要。

差速器壳经φ154h7外圆及端面为装配基准装配在大圆锥齿轮2上，经φ130H7内孔及端面为装配基准与差速器盖1装配，两端均以φ50K7为基准由圆锥滚子轴承7支承，2-φ22H8孔用于安装行星轮轴4。

两半轴齿轮6分别与行星齿轮3啮合，并装入差速器壳与差速器盖中形成一个闭合的齿轮传动系统。

2.零件的工艺分析差速器壳零件图如图2-1所示，该零件主要加工表面及技术要求分析如下。

(1)同轴孔φ50H8，φ130H7和同轴外圆φ50k6,φ154h7的同轴度、径向圆跳动公差等级为8~9级，表面粗超度为R a≤1.6μm。

加工时最好在一次装夹下将两孔或两外圆同时加工。

（2）与基准孔有垂直度要求的端面，其端面圆跳动公差等级为8级，表面粗糙度为R a≤3.2μm。

工艺过程安排是应保证其位置精度。

(3)距中心平面74.5mm的两侧面，表面粗糙度为R a≤6.3μm。

（4）2-φ22H8（B1-B2)孔的尺寸精度不难保证，但两孔轴线的同轴度公差等级应为9级及两孔公共轴线对基准孔（A2-A3)位置公差值为0.06μm，应予以重视。

（5）12-φ12.5孔，表面粗糙度R a≤12.5μm,与基准孔（A3）的位置公差为φ0.2mm，主要是保证装配互换性。

（6）改零件选用材料为QT420-10，这种材料具有较高的强度﹑韧性和塑性，切削性能和工艺性均较好。

有各种加工方法的经济精度及一般机床所能达到的精度可知，该零件没有很难加工的表面，各表面的技术要求采用常规加工工艺均可达到。

但是在加工过程中应该注意到该零件属于薄壁零件，刚性较差。

目录1.零件的分析 (2)1.1零件的作用 (2)1.2零件的工艺分析 (3)2.工艺规程设计.................................................................................................................................. - 4 -2.1毛坯的制造形式 (4)2.2基准面的选择 (4)2.2.1粗基准的选择 ................................................................................................................... - 4 -2.2.2精基准的选择 ................................................................................................................... - 5 -2.3制订工艺路线 (5)2.3.1.工艺线路方案一 ............................................................................................................... - 5 -2.3.2工艺路线方案二 ............................................................................................................... - 5 -2.3.3.工艺方案的比较与分析 ................................................................................................... - 6 -2.4机械加工余量、工序尺寸及毛坯尺寸的确定 (6)2.4.1外圆表面 ........................................................................................................................... - 7 -2.4.2内圆表面 ........................................................................................................................... - 8 -2.4.3端面 ................................................................................................................................... - 9 -2.4.4凸台孔系 .............................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

差速器壳的机械加工工艺及工装设计一、前言毕业设计是我们学完了大学的全部基础课、技术基础课以及大部分专业课之后进行的.这是我们在进行毕业设计之前对所学各课程的一次深入的综合性的总复习,也是一次理论联系实际的训练,因此,它在我们四年的大学生活中占有重要的地位。

就我个人而言，我希望能通过这次课程设计对自己未来将从事的工作进行一次适应性训练，从中锻炼自己分析问题、解决问题的能力，为今后参加祖国的建设打下一个良好的基础。

由于能力所限，设计尚有许多不足之处，恳请各位老师给予指导。

二、零件的分析零件的作用差速器壳是汽车差速器的一个主要零件。

汽车差速器的功用是使左、右驱动轮以不等速旋转，以适应汽车转向运动的需要。

⨯差速器壳以Ф139js6外圆及端面为装配基准装配在大圆锥齿轮上，以4-Ф22R8孔，8-Ф10.3D11孔，M10⨯1.5-6H与零件130-24031012装配。

两短均以Ф50m6为基准由圆锥滚子轴承支承，4-Ф22R8孔用来安装行星轮轴。

差速器壳图样的视图、尺寸、公差和技术要求齐全、正确；零件选用材料为KT350-10，该材料具有良好的强度、韧性和塑性，切削性能良好；结构工艺性比较好。

内圆柱面Ф37、Ф48以及SR54的内球面同轴最好在一次装夹下将三者同时加工; Ф139、Ф133、Ф138、Ф200外圆柱面同轴最好在一次装夹下将四者同时加工。

2.2.2 4-Ф22R8轴线SR54中心点与端面C的不重合度不大于0.05，应予以重视，其本身尺寸精度无特殊要求，较易保证。

2.2.3与基准孔有垂直度要求的端面，其端面圆跳动公差等级为8级，表面粗糙度为Ra≤6.3um。

工艺过程安排应注意保证其位置精度。

2.2.4 12-Ф11、8-Ф≤12.5，两者与与基准孔B的位置度公差为Ф0.30，主要是保证装配时能够互换。

根据各加工方法的经济精度及一般机床所能达到的位置精度，该零件没有很难加工的表面，上述各表面的技术要求采用常规加工工艺均可以保证。

差速器主外壳机械加工工艺工装设计开题报告毕业设计(论文)开题报告题目差速器主外壳机械加工工艺工装设计专业名称机械设计制造及其自动化班级学号 078105235学生姓名曾威指导教师王细洋填表日期 2011 年 3 月 12 日一、选题的背景及意义随着机械制造业的不断发展，社会对生产率的要求也越来越高，因此，大批量生产成为时代的需求，而组合机床就可以满足这一需求，我们有必要来研究他，另外，箱体是机器设备中的基础件和基准件，它和一些轴承、轴、齿轮等零件组装在一起，并使这些零件之间保持准确的相互位置。

因此，箱体的加工质量将直接影响机器或部件的精度、性能和寿命，我们有必要对他进行研究。

机械制造毕业设计涉及的内容比较多，它是基础课，设计基础课以及专业课的综合，是在学完机械制造技术基础(含机床夹具设计)和全部专业课，并进行了毕业实习的基础上进行的，是我们对所有课程的一次深入的综合性的总复习，也是一次理论联系实际的训练，因此，它在我们四年的大学生活中占有重要的地位。

二、国内外研究概况及发展趋势制造业是国民经济的支柱产业，是国家创造力、竞争力和综合国力的重要体现。

它不仅为现代工业社会提供物质基础，为信息与知识社会提供先进装备和技术平台，也是实现具有中国特色军事变革和国防安全的基础。

当今世界正在发生的深刻变化，对制造业产生了深刻的影响，制造过程和制造工艺也有了新的内涵。

传统制造业不断吸收机械、信息、材料等方面的最新成果，并将其综合应用于产品开发与设计、制造、检测、管理及售后服务的制造全过程。

21世纪的制造业呈现出高技术化、信息化、绿色化、极端化、服务增值等特点和趋势。

在高技术的带动下，制造技术出现了前所未有的新进展，制造技术及制造工艺的高技术化应用体现在以下几个方面。

(1)微加工成为常规制造技术。

制造业的常规性尺度由微米级精度下移1到2个数量级，亚微米及纳米级制造将成为主流。

(2)特种加工技术广泛应用。

与传统的机械加工相比较，特种加工技术利用非机械能进行加工，例如激光加工、电花加工、电解加工、电化学加工等，将成为常规的制造手段，使有些原来难加工或不能加工的零件加工成为可能。