广东中考英语冲刺语法复习课件：非谓语动词共24页

qualification for the job.
Jack's suddenly disappearing made them worried.
熟 读 深思 2. 不定式、动名词和分词作表语
(1) What I would suggest is to start work at once.
(2) His hobby is collecting stamps.
熟 读 深思 1. 不定式和动名词作主语 It is not very good for you to smoke so much.
Climbing mountains is interesting.
is no use/good crying. 规则 1：动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作， 而不定
式作主语表示具体动作。
动词不定 动名词 现在分词 过去分 doing doing 式 to do 词 done to do doing doing done to be done being being 无 done(被 done(正在 ……) 被……) 形 having having 主动完成式 to have 无 式 done done done having having 被动完成式 to have 无 been done been been done done 否定式 在上述各种非谓语动词形式之前直接加not
归 纳 总结
规则4：get, become, look, seem, appear, remain等系动词 后都可跟 done ，表示被动或主语的状态 。如 remain seated/hidden, get paid/dressed/changed /stuck/hurt/injured/burnt等。19,97 What the workers have been told is that they get paid by the hour. 常用be done＋介词短语表示所处的状态，如下： be addicted to…沉迷于……/ be absorbed in…全神贯注 于…… be aimed at…旨在/意图…… be armed with…有……装备 be buried in…埋葬在……

A. To go
B. Go
C. To going
非谓语动词
(B ) 8. It took him a long time _________ the picture.
A. to finish to draw
B. to finish drawing
C
C. finishing drawing
D. finishing to draw
而不是作谓语的动词形式。动词的非谓语动词形式分为动词不 定式，动词ing形式和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。初中阶段重 点掌握不定式和动词的ing形式的基本用法。 考点1：动词不定式: (1). 形式：to +动词原形 (肯定) / not (never) to +动词原形 (否定) 如： The teacher told me to come here on time tomorrow. (肯定)老 师告诉我明天要按时到这里。
C. interested, interested
D. interested,
interesting
( ) 15. Don’t keep me ________ for a long time. Or I won’t
非谓语动词
二、考点精讲精练 非谓语动词是指在句中起名词，形容词或副词作用的动词形式，
singing
D. listening, sing
C. listening,
(C ) 4. Ben decided ___________ for a trip with his classmates.
A. to go
B. going
C. go
D. goes
(A ) 5. __________ in for sports can keep you healthy.

非谓语动词
二、考点精讲精练 非谓语动词是指在句中起名词，形容词或副词作用的动词形式， 而不是作谓语的动词形式。动词的非谓语动词形式分为动词不 定式，动词ing形式和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。初中阶段重 点掌握不定式和动词的ing形式的基本用法。 考点1：动词不定式: (1). 形式：to +动词原形 (肯定) / not (never) to +动词原形 (否定) 如： The teacher told me to come here on time tomorrow. (肯定)老 师告诉我明天要按时到这里。 →The teacher told me not (never) to come here on time tomorrow. (否定) 老师告诉我明天不用按时到这里。 (2). 用法 ①. 作主语 (可用it来作形式主语,将真主语置后) To learn English is very important→ It is very important to
not do
D. swimming, not to do
非谓语动词
(D ) 12. –I can’t decide ____________. –You mean the purple sweater or the blue one? A. how to go there B. who to go with C. where to visit D. which to choose D ( ) 13. Stop _______ a noise in the library. The students are reading books. A A. make B. to make C. makes D. making ( ) 14. The English story is very _________, we are all _________ in it. C A. interesting, interested B. interesting, interesting C. interested, interested D. interested, interesting ( ) 15. Don’t keep me ________ for a long time. Or I won’t go

考点4：不定式作表语
不定式作表语说明主语的特征和属性。 My job is to teach English. Her dream is to become a scientist. Our goal is to win the game.
考点5：不定式作定语
不定式作定语时，应放在名词后面，它与名词有逻辑 上的动宾关系。如果是不定式不及动词，且与被修饰 词之间有动宾关系时，要在不定式后面加上适当的介 词。 I have a lot of homework to do. There is nothing to worry about. We are looking for a hotel to live in.
3、非谓语动词的分类：动词不定式（to do）、动 名词（doing）、现在分词（doing）、过去分词 （done）
考点1：定式作主语
不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语不定式 放在后面。
It is very important ___ us ______ breakfast.
A. for; having
A. to see B. seeing
C. see
D. sees
② 在动词find、think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it作 形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在后面。
I think ______ important ______ early.
A. it; sleeping
B. it; to sleep
C. that; sleeping
THANK YOU
② 使役动词和感官类动词用不定式作宾补时，不定式要省略to。 这样的动词有：make, let, see, watch, hear, notice等。 My mother lets me cook the dinner. I often see the old man take a walk in the park. Can you hear someone sing in the next room?

作主语
作表语
直击中考考点
动词+to do want/decide/pretend/wish/learn/would like/ expect to do (2015.84)
作宾语
（2015.84）
动词+形式宾语（it）+宾补+to do I find it hard to get good grades.我发现取得 好分数是困难的。 “动词+疑问句+to do”可改为“动词+宾语从句” I don’t know how to do it.=I don’t know how I should do it. 我不知道该怎么做。
如：Will you please close the door? 你能把门关上吗？ ⑥ prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.表示“宁愿做某事
而不愿做某事”。
直击中考考点
（4）不定式常用句型 ① too...to... 表示“太……而不能……”。 如：The boy is too young to look after himself. 那个男孩太小而不能照顾自己。
arrange安排 choose选择 learn 学习 offer提供 prepare准备 refuse拒绝 expect期望
would like/want想要
直击中考考点
（3）动词+sb.+to do sth.
advise建议 ask要求 force 强迫 allow允许 expect 期望 help帮助
意义的小礼物也不愿收到一大笔钱。
⑦ It’s one’s turn to do sth. 表示“轮到某人做某事了”。

1 省略to的不定式
have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
see sb. do (doing) sth. 看见某人（正在）做某事
hear sb. do (doing) sth. 听见某人（正在）做某事
例如：I often see him run in the park.（省略to） 我经常看见他在公园里跑步。
第二章 语法知识专项复习
专题十一 非谓语动词
非谓语动词是指在句子中不充当谓语的动词，主 要包括动词不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）、现 在分词（doing）和过去分词（done）。非谓语动词 在句中不能单独作谓语，但仍然保留动词的某些特征。 初中阶段要重点掌握动词不定式的基本用法。
动词不定式（一） 考点①
对点专练②
( ) 5. Joe has decided
the coming summer holiday
with his family in Xinjiang. (2019上海金山二模)
A. spend B. spent C. to spend D. spending
动词不定式（二） 考点②
1 省略to的不定式
enjoy doing sth. consider doing sth. suggest doing sth.
乐意做某事
考虑做某事
建议做某事
2 常考的后接动名词的动词及动词短语
prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
与不定式 which to do(做哪一个)。如：
连用作宾 I don’t know what to buy for my mother.
语
(what to buy作know的宾语)

对我们来说，学好英语是重要的。 It takes me about 3 hours to finish my homework every day. 每天完成作业大约要花费我3个小时的时间。
专题11
非谓语动词
2．作宾语。 (1)用在及物动词之后作宾语。如：
We want to have a good rest.
专题11
非谓语动词
2
语法功能 作主语 作宾语 作表语 作定语
动名词
例句 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.看过多的电视对你的 眼睛有害。 Have you finished reading the book？你读完这本书了吗？
The nurse's job is looking after the patients.护士的工作是照顾病 人。
They asked us to play football with them. 他们叫我们跟他们一起踢足球。 4．作表语。 动词不定式用在系动词之后作表语。如： My only will is to do what is best for you. 我唯一的愿望是做对你最好的事。
专题11 非谓语动词
online shop after graduating from school.
A．open B．to open C．opened D．opening
decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”。
developed country 发达国家(已经发展了的)
an exciting ilm 一部激动人心的电影(修饰物)
excited audience 激动的观众(修饰人) 专题11
非谓语动词

6. 作状语 动词不定式短语作状语，可表示目的结果原因、条件和 方式等。 动词不定式短语作目的状语时，不定式短语可放在句子 的前面，也可放在句子的末尾。在句子前面时，不定式 常与句子用逗号隔开;在句子末尾时，一般不用逗号隔开。 To get there on time, we set out at five in the morning. He goes there to enjoy the fresh air.
动名词（doing）
1.作主语
动名词作主语-般表示经常性、习惯性的动作，有时也用 it 作形式主语，而把动名词后置。动名词常常被看作是 不可数名词,作主语时，谓语用第三人称单数形式。 Taking a cold shower every morning does him good. Learning English all by yourself not so easy. Working in these conditions is not a pleasure.
3. 作宾语 动词不定式短语作宾语，放在及物动词之后作动词的宾 语。如： I can't afford to buy a car.我买不起汽车。 Remember to post the letter.记住把信寄了。 I hope to be saying with you.我希望和你住在一起。
4.作定语 动词不定式短语作定语，放在它所修饰的名词之后。如： I have a letter to answer.我有一封信要回复。 Liu Ying was the girl to meet you.刘英就是来接你的 那个女孩子。 I have some clothes to wash.我有些衣服要洗。 I have a wish to go to college.我有一个上大学的愿望。

满分秘籍
巧学妙记
提分特训
5.【2021 •重庆A 】 6．The villagers plan ________ a new bridge over the river.A．build B．building C．to build D．built 【答案】C 【解析】句意：村民们计划在这条河上再建一座桥。考查非谓语 动词。plan to do sth计划做某事，使用动词不定式作宾语，故选 C。
动 词 不 定 式
非 谓动 语名 动词 词
分 词
表示主语的具体内 作表语 容、目的等
My dream is to become a teacher.
表目的、原 作状语 因、结果等
To catch up with her classmates, she always stays up late.
My mom asked us to
多数动名词作表语 His hobby is collecting coins= 可转换成作主语 Collecting coins is his hobby.
只表明它所修饰的词的用途、This washing machine 所属关系等。置于修饰词前。is easy to use.
语法图解
动 词 不 定 式
(for/of sb.)＋不定式
necessary to ask the
作 注意：在kind, good, nice, clever teacher for help.
主 等表示人的品质的形容词后，不 It's very kind of you to
语 用for而用of
help me.
作 用于表命令、打算或希望等的词
满分秘籍
巧学妙记

考点五:作定语
1. 动词不定式(短语)作定语时，常放在所修饰词之后。 e.g. I have some clothes to wash.
2. 不及物动词的不定式作定语，与被修饰的词有逻辑上的 被动关系时，不定式后面的介词通常不能省略; 不定式 修饰名词time/place/way时, 其后的介词则常省略。 e.g. He is looking for a room to live in. My grandma used to have no place to live.
• 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，宾语是它的逻辑主语。 e.g. Just now I heard my sister crying in the room. I didn’t see you come in. Don’t keep us waiting for a long time.
考点五: 作定语
• 非谓语动词是动词的一种形式。 • 非谓语动词在句中不能作谓语。 • 非谓语动词是中考考点之一。
动词不定式
一、动词不定式的构成
英语里的不定式分为带to的不定式(to do)和不带to的不定式 (do或动词原形)。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。 ✓ 动词不定式的肯定式: to+动词原形。有时可以省略to。
考点五:作定语
3. 不定式修饰复合不定代词时放在后面，即something/ anything/nothing … + 不定式。 e.g. I had something cold to dink.
考点六:作状语
动词不定式(短语)可在句中表示目的，作目的状语，可位于 句首或句末；还可表示原因，作原因状语。 e.g. To get a good seat she arrived at the hall early. (表示目的)

非谓语动词是指动词在句中不能独立作谓语， 但同时保留动词某些特征的动词形式。包括不 定式、动名词和分词(现在分词、过去分词)三 种。它们没有人称和数的变化，但可以有自己 的逻辑主语、宾语、状语等。
不定式（to do）
1.作主语 动词不定式短语作主语，可以放在句子前,也可以放在句 子后。如： To study hard is necessary. To get up early is a good habit. It is necessary to study hard. =To study hard is necessary.
eading).
分词
1. 作表语
分词用作表语时已经完全形容词化了，可以被very, rather 等副词 修饰。现在分词作表语通常说明主语的性质、特征;过去分词作表 语通常说明主语的状态或感受。 eg: The result of the game is very surprising. 游戏的结果让人 很惊讶。 eg: We were greatly surprised at the news. 我们听到这个消息 后深感意外。
4. 作状语
分词在句中可作时间状语原因状语结果状语、条件状语、 方式状语或伴随状语等。 eg: Arriving home, he showed me a large bright cle an room. eg: Frightened by the noise outside, the little girl da red not sleep in her bedroom.
动词不定式作主语，常用it作形式主语，放在句子的开头。真正主语动词不定式 短语放在句子后面，汉语翻译时要符合汉语习惯，仍然翻译在的句子前面。如： It is a good habit to get up early. = To get up early is a good habit.

词。
country.
中国是一个发展中国家。
状
语
The students went out of the classroom，talking and
laughing. 学生们谈笑着走出了教室。
分词的逻辑主 语是句子的主 句主语。
功能例句
说明
The boy is too frightened 现在分词表示主
He is surprised to hear the news. 他听到那个消息感到很吃惊。 The news is surprising.那个消息令人吃惊。
【辨析】
(1)有些动词或词组后接动名词或不定式均可，但 意义稍有差别。
①stop stop
to do sth. doing sth.
I like to watch them jump and swim. 我喜欢观看它们跳跃和游泳。 The boss made them work day and night. 老板强迫他们不分昼夜地干活。
Jane likes singing.We often hear her
________ after class.
停下来去做某事 停止做某事
Stop to think about it for a moment. 停下来想一
英语
非谓语动词
非谓语动词包括不定式、分词和动名词，没有人 称和数的变化，但可以有自己的宾语和状语，也可以 和助动词结合构成进行时、完成时和被动语态。
考点一
动词不定式
1．基本形式
肯定式：to＋动词原形 如：to work, to ride a
bike... 否定式：not to ＋动词原形 如：not to play with

Let’s try !
7. — What time do you get up in the morning on school days?
— I get up at 7:00 every morning to avoid _______ the early bus.
avoid doing sth.
A. learning B. learns
C. learn
D. to learn
4. The government is setting up nature parks ______ protect
pandas.
to do 表目的
A. to help
B. help
C. helped
D. helps
非谓语动词
学习目标
在情境中理解 非谓语动词的 概念。
通过辨析掌握非 谓语动词的基本 用法。
在语境中熟练 运用中考非谓 语动词解题技 巧。
Lead in：Enjoy a story!
请留意故事中红色的字体
A boy
A fly (苍
蝇)
Chapter 1
什么是非谓语动词？
A fly was looking for something to eat. A fly went flying. A boy named Buzz went walking.
look forward to doing 期待做 pay attention to doing 注意做 get/be used to doing 习惯于做 prefer doing to doing 与……相比更喜欢做…
Let's try!
remember doing sth. remember to do sth.

• ①To learn from others is necessary for you. ＝ It's necessary for you to learn from others. 对于 你来说，向他人学习是必要的。 • ②It is a shame to say like that. 那样说话是可耻 的。 • (2)作宾语： • ① 一般情况下，不定式作部分动词的宾语。经 常接不定式作宾语(即动词＋to do sth.)的动词有： like, want, hope, agree, wish, decide, try, expect, refuse, afford, plan, pretend, continue, promise, forget等。
• 注意 在一些使役动词和感官动词后，要把不定 式结构中的to省略。常见的有：一感：(feel)、二 听(listen to, hear)、三使(let, make, have)、五看 (watch, see, notice, look at, observe)、半帮助 (help)。如： • ①saw my mother enter the kitchen just now. 刚 才我看到妈妈进厨房了。 • ②Please help me (to) move the table away. 请帮 我把桌子移走。
C
•( )3. (2016广东)Leonardo DiCaprio, a famous American actor, was always expecting ________an Oscar and finally he made it. • A．to win B．winning • C．not to win D．not winning • ( B )4. (2015广东)We advise parents ______ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger. • A．not leave B．not to leave • C．leave D．to leave