必修五第二单元语法

必修5 Unit 2 the United KingdomGrammar 一过去分词作宾语补足语学习目标：让学生熟悉并掌握过去分词作宾语补足语的用法。

学习重点难点：熟记过去分词作宾语补足语的用法，能自己独立完成相关练习。

自我观察1. a. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.b.To their surprise, the three countries found themselves united peacefully.c.Have you ever heard thv song sung in Chinese?d.We'd like to see the problems solved within seven days.2. a. When she visited Beijing,she had a photo taken .b.They were going to get Ireland connected to form the United Kingdom.c.You must make yourself respected.3. a. The teacher wanted the problem discussed at the moment.b.My cell phone has broken down and I would like it repaired soon.c.The manager wished those letters typed as soon as possible.知识点小结：以上例句中的过去分词在句中作宾语补足语,它们与句子宾语之间的关系为逻辑上的被动关系或完成关系。

（1）在第一组句子中，see, hear和find为可以跟过去分词（短语）作宾语补足语的感官动词。

高中英语必修5 第二单元重点词汇与语法1.consist of 由……组成(构成)☛（写作佳句）The programme consists of the following activities ：recitation ，singing ，word spelling ，story-telling and so on.该项目包括以下活动：朗诵，唱歌，单词拼写以及讲故事等。

单句语法填空/完成句子。

①The politician ’s actions do not consist ________ the promises in his speeches. 这个政治家的所作所为与他在讲演中的承诺并不一致。

②Success consists ________ the ability to continue efforts throughfailures. 成功在于持续努力克服失败的能力。

③(写作佳句) This club consists of eight members.＝This club ____________ eight members.＝This club ____________ eight members.这个俱乐部有8个成员。

2. accomplish vt .完成；达到；实现☛Though the task was difficult ，they managed to accomplish it in time.尽管任务困难，他们仍及时完成了。

用accomplish 的正确形式填空①This task by great effort.②The Chang ’e project by the end of 2020 will achieve our dream of landing on the moon.③She is a girl of many .3. conflict n ．矛盾，冲突；vi.冲突： His idea conflicts with mine.他的观点和我的相冲突。

高中英语必修五第二单元知识点整理unit 2:1. consist of ＝ be made up of 由……组成 (没有进行时）e.g. the uk consists of great britain and northern ireland.＝great britain and northern ireland make up the uk.2. 区别:ø separate ... from (把联合在一起或靠近的人或物分离出来）ø divide...into 把…分开（把整体分为若干部分）e.g. the teacher divided the class into two groups.the Chinese Taiwan strait separates Chinese Taiwan from fujian.3. debate about sth.e.g. they debate about the proposal for three days.debate /argue/ quarrel4. clarify: vt./vi. (cause sth. to )become clear or easier to understand 澄清；阐明;清楚；明了e.g. i hope what i say will clarify the situation.can you clarify the question?5. be linked to = be connected to /be joined to 连接【习惯用语】★ link a to b将a和b连接起来6. refer to1)提及，指的是……e.g. when he said “some students”, do you think he wasreferring to us?2) 参考；查阅；询问e.g. if you don't understand a word you may refer to your dictionaries.please refer to the last page of the book for answers.3) 关系到；关乎e.g. what i have to say refers to all of you.this rule refers to everyone.reference: n. 参考 e.g. reference books 参考书7. to one's surprise (prep)“to one's + 名词” 表“令某人……”常见的名词有“delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等e.g. i discovered, to my horror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale.to john's great relief they reached the house at last.8. ... found themselves united peacefully“find +宾语＋宾补( adj; adv; v-ing; pp; 介词短语；不定式）”e.g. a cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.you'll find him easy to get along with.they found themselves trapped by the bush fire.when i woke up, i found myself in hospital.i called on him yesterday, but i found him out.9. get sth done =have sth done 使某事被做…….e.g. i'll just get these dishes washed and then i'll come.get + n. + to doget + n. + doingyou'll get her to agree.i'll get the car going.get done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生，意为“被…….”e.g. be careful when you cross this very busy street.10. break away (from sb / sth) 脱离；破除…e.g. it is not easy for him to break away from bad habits.the man broke away from his guards.break down (会谈)破裂，失败；(汽车等)出故障；(人的健康状况)变得恶劣；（情感）失控e.g. his car broke down on the way to work this morning.his health broke down under the pressure of work.。

Unit2 The United Kingdom-语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.学会过去分词作宾补的用法；2.理解作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系3.能够使用过去分词做宾补的情况作对相关题目，灵活使用。

过去分词作宾补作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系1.及物动词（短语）的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语，宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。

例如：I want the letter posted. 我想把这封信寄出去。

2. 少数不及物动词如go，change，fall 等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作完成。

因此，宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。

例如：She found her necklace gone on her way home. 在回家的路上，她发现项链不见了。

3. 动词seat，hide，dress，lose，devote 等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示状语而不表示被动的意义，因此，虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上的主动关系，但也只能用它们的过去分词作宾语补足语。

例如：When I came in，I found a strange girl seated in the corner. 我进来时，发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。

需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况:1.使役动词get ，have ，make，keep，leave等后，可用过去分词做宾语补足语，表：“致使某人或某事被…”We should keep them informed of what is going on here.Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentist’s.2 .感官动词feel，find，hear，notice，see，watch等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后，表：“感受到某人或某事被做”。

Grammar：The Past Participle as the Object Complement 【Learning aims】1.Try to learn the basic rules of the Past Participle as the Object Complement2. Get to know how to use the Past Participle as Object Complement through cooperative study.3. Enjoy the pleasure of using what we have learned correctly and freely.【Important point】The use of the Past Participle as the Object Complement.【Difficult point】How to use the Past Participle as the Object Complement correctly and freely. 【Instructions】1. Finish the exercises actively by referring to the reference book.2. List your problems and try to show yourself by presenting and questioning in class.【Independent learning】基本概念生成1. 什么是宾语补足语？eg. ①We think(谓语) him(宾语)clever(宾语补足语).②The old man found(谓语)his hometown(宾语)greatly changed(宾语补足语).总结：英语中有些后，除有一个以外，还要有一个来补充说明宾语，才能使句子的意义完整。

高中英语必修五unit2知识点高中英语必修五unit2知识1重点词汇、consist组成，在于，一致consistof由…组成divide…into把…分成breakawayfrom脱离toone’scredit在…的名下，为…带来荣誉attract吸引，引起注意leaveout省去，遗漏，不考虑plus加上，和，正的taketheplaceof代替breakdown损坏，破坏arrange安排fold折叠，对折delight快乐，高兴，喜悦高中英语必修五unit2知识2重点句型HowmanycountriesdoestheUKconsistof?联合王国由几个国家组成?YoucaneasilyclarifythisquestionifyoustudyBritishhistory.如果你学习了英国历史，很容易就能弄清楚这个问题。

令人高兴的是，这件事没有引起冲突就完成了，那时候苏格兰的詹姆斯国王也成为了英格兰和威尔士的国王。

However,thesouthernpartofIrelandwasunwillingandbrokeawaytoformitsowngover nment.然而，爱尔兰的南部却不愿意而分离出去了，并建立了自己的政府。

Totheircreditthefourcountriesdoworktogetherinsomeareas.值得表扬的是，这四个国家的确在一些方面共同合作。

Englandisthelargestofthefourcountries,andforconvenienceitisdividedroughly intothreezones.在这四个国家中，英格兰最大，为了方便起见，它大致被分为了三个地区。

YoumustkeepyoureyesopenifyouaregoingtomakeyourtriptotheUnitedKingdomenjoy ableandworthwhile.如果你想要使你的英国之旅愉快又有意义，你就必须留心观察。

Unit 2 The United KingdomPart 1. Warming up1.Do this quiz and find out how much you know about the UK.be known as…作为…而出名be known for…因。

而出名Kate is well-known as a poet, but nor for speeches.2. How many countries does the UK consist of?consist vi.组成；在于；一致consist with...与……一致be consistent with...与……一致运用完成句子(1)这个俱乐部由大约50 名会员组成。

This club ____________ about 50 members.(2)理论应与实践相一致。

Theory should ______________________________ practice.(3)这个计划妙就妙在简明扼要。

The beauty of the plan _______________ its simplicity(4)你的行为和你所说的不一致。

Your conduct is not _______________ what you say.consists of consist with/be consistent withconsists in consistent with3. Who rules the UK..rule （1）v.统治，管辖；控制，支配；判定，裁定rule(over) sb./sth. 统治者Alexandria ruled(over)a large empire.亚历山大大帝统治着一个庞大的帝国。

Don’t let the desire for money rule your life.不要让追求金钱的欲望控制了你的生活。

Unit2 单元语法详解过去分词作宾语补足语归纳语法英语中过去分词作宾语补足语，通常用于以下几种情况：一、过去分词用在表状态的动词keep、leave 等后面，keep/leave+n. /pron. +过去分词。

Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open. 闭上嘴巴，睁开眼睛（少说多看）。

二、用在表示“致使”意义的动词后面。

如：have，make，get等。

1. “have+宾语+过去分词”这一结构有三种含义：（1）表示“让某事被别人做”。

Have you had your films developed?你把你的胶卷让人冲洗了吗?I have my hair cut once a month.我一个月理一次发。

They are going to have the entrance hall painted white.他们准备让人把门厅粉刷成白色。

（2）表示“遇到某种不幸；受到打击；蒙受……. 损失；受……. 影响”。

While they were on holiday, they had their car broken into.他们在度假时车被撬开了。

He had his hat blown off on his way home.在回家的路上他的帽子被风吹走了。

（3）表示“完成某事（自己也可能参与）”。

I have had all my spelling mistakes corected.我已经把我所有的拼写错误都改正了。

He has had one thousand yuan saved this year.他今年已经存了一千元了。

2. 在“make+宾语+过去分词”这一结构中，过去分词表示的动作通常是表示结果含义的。

He is trying to make himself understood.他在努力把自己的意思说清楚。

三、用在感官动词或表示心理状态的动词后面。

Module 2 A Job Worth Doing▲几种易混时态的区别一．一般过去时与现在完成时的用法的区别1、一般过去时所表示的一个或一段过去时间是可以具体确定的，与其他时间没有牵连。

他所表示的事情纯属过去，与现在情况没有联系。

现在完成时表示的事情发生在不能具体指出的现在以前的过去某个或某段时间。

他所表示的事情与现在情况有关系，是过去事情在现在产生的结果或对现在的影响。

2、一般过去时常用的状语有yesterday ,last night ,two days(months, weeks), ago , at that time,等；现在完成时常用的状语有already, just,(刚刚)， yet, never, before, 等；表示从过去延续到现在并包括现在在内的一段时间的状语有： today, now, lately, recently, in the last\past fewdays\years(在过去的这几天、年里)，since then, up to now, so far (至今)等。

3、比较下面几组句子，体会两种时态的不同：He served in the army from 1952 to 1954. （这是过去的一件事)He has served in the army for 5 years. （现在他仍在军中服役，他是个军人）He wrote many plays when he was at college. (写剧本是他过去做的事)He has written many plays. （这意味着他是剧作家）I saw Hero last year. (看《英雄》的时间是去年，与现在时间无关)I have seen Hero before. （强调现在还知道这部电影的内容。

以前看过，但“以前”是表示一个与现在有联系的过去时间，而不是一个确定的与现在无关的过去时间。

§语法归纳过去分词作宾语补足语英语中，过去分词可以用作宾语的补足语。

能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼有之，与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的承受者。

常见的情况有以下几种：1.过去分词用在have, get, make, leave, keep等使役动词后作宾语补足语。

They kept the door locked for a long time.他们把门锁了好长一段时间。

Don’t leave the windows broken like this all the time.不要让窗户一直像这样破着。

注意：“get/have+宾语+宾语补足语（-ed）”结构可表达三种意思：1)表示主语“让别人（为自己）做某事”。

John wants to have his teeth examined this afternoon.约翰今天下午要去检查牙齿。

2)2) 表示主语“遭遇某事（不愉快或不幸的事）受到打击”。

The old man had his wrist broken in the accident.那个老人在那场事故中伤了手腕。

3)表示“某事已经完成”，主语可能参与其中也可能没有。

I had the flat painted yesterday.我的房子昨天晚上粉刷好了。

2.过去分词用在see, hear, notice, observe, smell,taste, watch, feel, find, think等感官动词后作宾语补足语。

Being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about, I find myself leftbehind.对学生所谈的电子产品一无所知，我发现自己落伍了。

He found his house broken into when he got back home.回到家他发现家被盗。

必修五第二单元语法（课件）意义:过去分词做宾语补足语：说明宾语的性质/状态，宾语与过去分词之间互为被动关系，即：宾语是过去分词所表示动作的承受者。

（一）过去分词作宾语补足语的种类：1.在表示看/听（see/look at/notice/watch/observe;listen to /hear）动词之后，宾语补足语可分为三种情况：（1）表示看/听的动词+sb/sth do sth（看/听见某人做了某事）Eg :I saw a boy play basketball on the playground.He heard the blind man sing songs in the next room.（2）表示看/听的动词+sb/sth doing sth（看/听见某人正在做某事）Eg :I saw a boy playing basketball on the playground.He heard the blind man singing songs in the next room.（3）表示看/听的动词+sb/sth done st（看/听见某人/某事被做）Eg I heard the song sung.He saw the car repaired.2.在表示感觉的动词feel;及物动词find之后做宾语补足语的三种情况：A.feel之后宾补的情况(1)feel+OB+do（感觉...做了某事）Eg :I felt something touch my foot.(2)feel +OB +doing（感到...正在做...）Eg :I felt my heart beating(3)feel+OB+done（感到...被...）Eg :I felt the car parked at the corner.B.find 之后的宾补情况(1)find +OB+doing(发现...正在...)Eg :She found a wallet lying on the ground.(2)find +OB+done（发现...被...）Eg :I found the question discussed at the meeting .3.在表示使/让的使役动词（have/get）后做宾补的三种情况：（1）Have +OB+do/get +OB+to do(表示让某人去做某事)Eg :I had him finish the task by himself yesterday.（2）have/get +OB +doing（使...一直...）Eg :They had the light burning last night.（3）have/get +OB+done（使...被...）Eg :I will have /get my hair cut tomorrow.I have had/get my bike repaired.注意：该用法还可表示遭遇某种不幸/受到打击的语境/含义Eg :Mary had her watch stolen the other day.4.在表示使/让的动词（keep/leave/make/let）后做宾补的几种情况（1）keep /leave+OB+doing（使...一直...）Eg :He kept me waiting at the gate for an hour.（2）keep/leave +OB +done（使...处于被...的状态）Eg :They kept the door locked for a long time.Don’t leave the windows broken like this all the time.（3）make/let+OB+do（使/让...去做）Eg :I make him repeat the answer.（4）make/let+OB+done（使/让...被...）Eg ;He made himself understood.5.过去分词在with 的复合结构中做宾补（整个结构在句子中可做时间状语/方式状语/条件状语/原因状语/定语。

必修五第二单元语法（课件）意义:过去分词做宾语补足语：说明宾语的性质/状态，宾语与过去分词之间互为被动关系，即：宾语是过去分词所表示动作的承受者。

（一）过去分词作宾语补足语的种类：1.在表示看/听（see/look at/notice/watch/observe;listen to /hear）动词之后，宾语补足语可分为三种情况：（1）表示看/听的动词+sb/sth do sth（看/听见某人做了某事）Eg :I saw a boy play basketball on the playground.He heard the blind man sing songs in the next room.（2）表示看/听的动词+sb/sth doing sth（看/听见某人正在做某事）Eg :I saw a boy playing basketball on the playground.He heard the blind man singing songs in the next room.（3）表示看/听的动词+sb/sth done st（看/听见某人/某事被做）Eg I heard the song sung.He saw the car repaired.2.在表示感觉的动词feel;及物动词find之后做宾语补足语的三种情况：A.feel之后宾补的情况(1)feel+OB+do（感觉...做了某事）Eg :I felt something touch my foot.(2)feel +OB +doing（感到...正在做...）Eg :I felt my heart beating(3)feel+OB+done（感到...被...）Eg :I felt the car parked at the corner.B.find 之后的宾补情况(1)find +OB+doing(发现...正在...)Eg :She found a wallet lying on the ground.(2)find +OB+done（发现...被...）Eg :I found the question discussed at the meeting .3.在表示使/让的使役动词（have/get）后做宾补的三种情况：（1）Have +OB+do/get +OB+to do(表示让某人去做某事)Eg :I had him finish the task by himself yesterday.（2）have/get +OB +doing（使...一直...）Eg :They had the light burning last night.（3）have/get +OB+done（使...被...）Eg :I will have /get my hair cut tomorrow.I have had/get my bike repaired.注意：该用法还可表示遭遇某种不幸/受到打击的语境/含义Eg :Mary had her watch stolen the other day.4.在表示使/让的动词（keep/leave/make/let）后做宾补的几种情况（1）keep /leave+OB+doing（使...一直...）Eg :He kept me waiting at the gate for an hour.（2）keep/leave +OB +done（使...处于被...的状态）Eg :They kept the door locked for a long time.Don’t leave the windows broken like this all the time.（3）make/let+OB+do（使/让...去做）Eg :I make him repeat the answer.（4）make/let+OB+done（使/让...被...）Eg ;He made himself understood.5.过去分词在with 的复合结构中做宾补（整个结构在句子中可做时间状语/方式状语/条件状语/原因状语/定语。

高三英语必修五unit2语法解析过去分词作宾补· 定义作宾语补足语的过去分词一般用于及物动词和宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系的情况。

· 用法1. 用过去分词作宾补的动词有：(1) 表示感觉和心理状态的动词：see, hear, watch, feel, think, find等。

如：We found her greatly changed. 我们发现她变了很多。

(2) 表示“致使”的动词：make, get, have, help, leave等。

如： What made them so frightened ? 什么使他们这样害怕 ?(3) 表示“希望,要求”等的动词：like, want, wish, order等。

如： He won’t like such questions discussed at the meeting. 他不想让这样的问题在会上讨论。

2. 掌握“have/get+宾语+过去分词”的几种含义： (1) 请别人作某事。

如：He wants to have /get his eyes examined tomorrow. 他明天想去检查眼睛。

(2) 主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情。

如：Be careful, or you’ll have/get your hands hurt. 当心,否则你会弄伤你的手的。

3. “with+宾语+过去分词”结构中,过去分词用作宾语补足语,这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。

如：The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 凶手被带进来了,他的双手被绑在背后。

4. 现在分词、过去分词和不定式作宾语补足语的区别：分词作宾语补足语,要看宾语与作宾补的动词所表示的动作之间的关系。

如果它们之间是主动关系,则用现在分词作宾补;如果是被动关系,则用过去分词作宾补。