英语系基础英语期末考试试卷Final-Term Examination in Comprehensive English Course学期：第三学期PART I VOCABULARY (25 points)SECTION A Text-Based Blank Filling (15 points / 1 point each) Directions:Fill in the missing words in the following sentences with the help of the initial letters. Make sure that the words are in the form as they appear in the texts you have learnt. Please write down your answers on the Answer Sheet.1 .your country will be i by other kings, for your people will die of hunger.2.inadequate partly because it needed o and partly because the poor stateof the doors and most of the windows made a whistling stream of cold air come through; ...3.“A man gets in a g in New York. It takes the West to put a razor-edgeon4.here was nothing s in Mr. Jacobs9 manner or appearance; but when hespoke about prizefights, he...5.et every one of these disasters has actually happened somewhere, and many real communities have already suffered a s number of them.6.enny Paret was killed because the human fist delivers enough impact, when directed against the head, to produce a massive h in the brain.7.t was hard to breathe. I ached all through. I was s 一with finding out the truth.8.crept through the door. Enormous boys were everywhere, doing i _________ things.9.hadn't the manner. I was a plain i. My blushing and bawling were a joy to them.10.As the s diet of the Zulus consisted of grain and milk products, thisorder was little less than a sentence of national starvation.11.But not a word about it from my father and mother. I waited in painful b_all day. I had supper with them, and was allowed to sit up for an hour.12.The man from the West, his e enlarged by success, was beginningto outline the history of his career.13.I wasn't a and talkative now. I was silent and frightened.14.It fell silently and r in large soft flakes until every ugly patch andcomer of our rather rambling garden was smoothed over and had become a spotless white canopy.15.Shaka now developed a b and bitter spirit.SECTION B Word Derivation (10 points/1 point each)Directions: Fill in each blank with the proper form of the word in parentheses. Please write down your answers on the Answer Sheet.1 .Although this is excellent from the point of view of the housewife, it is a source of worry for the municipal authorities who are concerned with the of rubbish, (dispose)2.Before that possibility is reached, someone will have invented a hygienic and practical way of getting rid of all household and waste, quickly and simply, (industry)3.It's that so many people come to these meetings, (amaze)4.The headmaster opened the door and looked at the with an air of disapproval, (interview)5.You should see her wardrobe 一ifs 一she's got about fifty pairs of shoes, (believe)6.Teaching is a more job than working as a tourist guide, (demand)7.Students are expected to be quiet and not be in the classroom, (obey)8.The heavy loss in this investment is due to John's . (judge)9.They also say that it is very good for young boys to learn how to defend themselves in case of. (necessary)10.His efforts for an early proved to be a failure because he had to make such an awkward j oumey. (arrive)PART II SENTENCE PARAPHRASING (10 points / 2 points each) Directions: Put the following sentences into more explicit expressions on basis of your understanding of the texts from which they are taken. Pay special attention to the parts underlined.1.I found myself on varied assignments, all the way from ship news to sports reporting.2.Although there were mor】on order they were unlikely to be delivered until the spring一which of course, was a great comfort.3.But in cold blood I could think of no practical substitute fbr these dramatic punishments.4.If they showed anything less than suicidal courage in battle, they would be unhesitatingly murdered by the slayers.5.The West is a pretty big proposition, and I kept hustling around over it pretty lively.PART III CLOZE (10 points / 1 point each)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C)f and D) below the passage. You should choosethe ONE that best fits into the passage and then write your answer in the corresponding space on the Answer sheet.A Ballooning ChallengeFor those people who go out in search of adventure, a long-distance flight in a hot-air balloon is a particularly exciting prospect. Indeed, a round-the-world balloon trip is widely regarded as the (1)challenge. One well-known adventurer, David Hemplemann-Adams would not agree, however. Recently, he became the first man to (2)the North Pole in a hot-air balloon, a more significant achievement in his eyes. Given that the distance and altitudes (3) are comparatively modest, you might wonder why the trip from Canada to the Pole, should present such a challenge.Part of the (4)was that such a flight had not even been attempted for over a century. In those days, such expeditions were huge events, with a nation's pride resting on their success, and so resources were committed to them. Although he eventually managed to secure a substantial sponsorship (5) from an insurance company, Hemplemann-Adams had the added challenge of having to (6)sufficient funds for his trip.Then, of course, he had to face major survival concerns, such as predicting the weather (7)and coping with the dangerously low temperatures. But most challenging of all was the incredibly complex problem of navigation. As the earth's magnetic field gets stronger, only the most sophisticated of satellite-linked navigation systems can (8)that one has got to thePole. Without them, the chances of getting anywhere near it are extremely (9), not to mention an even greater problem that (10)onHemplemann-Adams1 mind: getting back!1. A) ultimate B) extreme C) utmost D)eventual2. A) meet B) reach C) attain D) fulfill3. A)engaged B) regarded C) involved D)connected4. A) appeal B) beauty C) charm D) allure5. A) bargain B) purchase C) transaction D) deal6. A) elevate B) lift C) raise D) build7. A) tendencies B) conditions C) circumstances D) elements8. A) approve B) confirm C) reinforceD) support9. A) thin B) slight C) slim D) tight10. A) pushed B) stressed C) pressed D) weighed PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (30 points)SECTION A Multiple Choice Questions (10 points / 1 point each) Directions: Read the following passages and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. Put your answers in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.If you know exactly what you want, the best route to a job is to get specialized training. A recent survey shows that companies like graduates in such fields as business and health care who can go to work immediately with very little on-the-job training.That is especially true of booming fields that are challenging for workers. At Comelfs School of Hotel Administration, for example, bachelor's degree graduates get an average of four or five job offers and plenty of chances for rapid advancement. Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience.But in the long run, too much specialization does not pay off. Business, which hasbeen flooded with MBAs, no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval. The MBA may open doors and command a higher salary initially, but the impact of a degree washes out after five years.As further evidence of the erosion of corporate faith in specialized degrees, Michigan State's Scheetz cites a pattern in corporate hiring practices. Although companies tend to take on specialists as new hires, they often seek out generalists for middle and upper-level management. "They want someone who isn't constrained by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture/9 says Scheetz.This sounds suspiciously like a formal statement that you approve of the liberal-arts graduate. Time and again labor-market analysts mention a need for talents that liberal-arts majors are assumed to have: writing and communication skills, organizational skills, open-mindedness and adaptability, and the ability to analyze and solve problems. David Birch claims he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree, "I hire only liberal-arts people because they have a less-than-canned way of doing things/9 says Birch. Liberal-arts means an academically thorough and strict program that includes literature, history, mathematics, economics, science, human behaviorplus a computer course or two. With that under your belt, you can feel free to specialize, “A liberal-arts degree coupled with an MBA or some other technical training is a very good combination in the marketplace,99 says Scheetz.1.What kinds of people are in high demand on the job market?A)People with special training in engineering.B)Students with a bachelor's degree in humanities.C)People with an MBA degree from top universities.D)People with formal schooling plus work experience.2.By saying ..but the impact of a degree washes out after five years" (Line3.Paragraph 3), the author means.A)in five people will forget about the degree the MBA graduates have gotB)MBA programs will not be as popular in five years1 time as they are nowC)an MBA degree does not help promotion to managerial positionsD)most MBA programs fail to provide students with a solid foundation3.According to Scheetz's statement (Lines 4-5. Para. 4), companies preferA)people who have received training in mechanicsB)people who have a strategic mindC)people who are talented in fine artsD)people who are ambitious and aggressive4.David Birch claims that he only hires liberal-arts people because.A)they have attended special programs in managementB)they can stick to established ways of solving problemsC)they are more capable of handling changing situationsD)they are thoroughly trained in a variety of specialized fields5.Which of the following statements does the author support?A)Generalists will outdo specialists in management.B)On-thejob training is, in the long run, less costly.C)Formal schooling is less important than job training.D)Specialists are more expensive to hire than generalists.Passage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage,For most thinkers since the Greek philosophers, it was self-evident that there is something called human nature, something that constitutes the essence of man. There were various views about what constitutes it, but there was agreement that such an essence exists ― that is to say, that there is something by virtue of which man is man. Thus man was defined as a rational being, as a social animal, ananimal that can make tools, or a symbol-making animal.More recently, this traditional view has begun to be questioned. One reason for this change was the increasing emphasis given to the historical approach to man. An examination of the history of humanity suggested that man in our epoch is so different from man in previous times that it seemed unrealistic to assume that men in every age have had in common something that can be called "human nature." The historical approach was reinforced, particularly in the United States, by studies in the field of cultural anthropology ( 人类学).The study of primitive peoples has discovered such a diversity of customs, values, feelings, and thoughts that many anthropologists arrived at the concept that man is bom as a blank sheet of paper on which each culture writes its text. Another factor contributing to the tendency to deny the assumption of a fixed human nature was that the concept has so often been abused as a shield behind which the most inhuman acts are committed. In the name of human nature, for example, Aristotle and most thinkers up to the eighteenth century defended slavery. Or in order to prove the rationality and necessity of the capitalist form of society, scholars have tried to make a case for acquisitiveness, competitiveness, and selfishness as innate (天生的)human traits. Popularly, one refers cynically to "human nature" in accepting the inevitability of such undesirable human behavior as greed, murder, cheating and lying.Another reason for skepticism about the concept of human nature probably lies in the influence of evolutionary thinking. Once man came to be seen as developing in the process of evolution, the idea of a substance which is contained in his essence seemed untenable. Yet I believe it is precisely from an evolutionary standpoint that we can expect new insight into the problem of the nature of man.6.The traditional view of "human nature" was strongly challenged by.A)the historical approach to manB)the emergence of the evolutionary theoryC)new insight into human behaviorD)the philosophical analysis of slavery7.According to the passage, anthropologists believe that human beings.A)have some traits in commonB)are born with diverse culturesC)are born without a fixed natureD)change their characters as they grow up8.The author mentioned Aristotle, a great ancient thinker, in order to.A)emphasize that he contributed a lot to defining the concept of "human nature"B)show that the concept of "human nature" was used to justify social evilsC)prove that he had a profound influence on the concept of "human nature"D)support the idea that some human traits are acquired9.The word "untenable" (Line 4) in the last paragraph of the passage most probably means.A)invaluable C) changeableB)imaginable D) indefensible10.Most philosophers believed that human nature.A)is the quality distinguishing man from other animalsB)consists of competitiveness and selfishnessC)is something partly innate and partly acquiredD)consists of rationality and undesirable behaviorSECTION B Short Answer Questions (12 points)Directions: Read the passage below and answer the following questions in one or two complete sentences on the Answer Sheet. Your answer should be expressed in your own words and not those of the passage. Otherwise you won 7 get any points.The British may have long been a nation of shopkeepers but they are coming late to the business of tourism. For the past century it has been they who have done the touring while their own hotels have slumbered in atmosphere and inefficiency and even the pubs have closed before eleven. Now, somewhat to their bewilderment, they are having to act hosts to a vast throng of guests, who, with dollars, francs and marks in their pockets and handbags, are the most successful invaders since the Normans and considerably more welcome. They come to enjoy the antique and traditional but are often less enchanted by the accommodation and catering, which may share the antiquity. At last, even the surprised tourism industry is beginning to open its eyes. Unfortunately it sees only insoluble problems.For very many years London has been a business center with hotel accommodation mainly for visiting businessmen together with other well-to-do travelers and completely inadequate for the swarms of short-stay tourists landing at Heathrow or disembarking at Dover. Some new luxury hotels have soared skywards and a fair number of Victorian houses have been combined to form "private hotels^, of standards from the comfortable to the repellent. Most hotels are expensive一beyond the means of the young teacher or secretary from abroad. The student on holiday fares worst and often finds his accommodation under the reliable night sky. Every morning the guard is changed at Buckingham Palace with faultless precision and gay military music. The average spectator, squeezed among thousands of others, can glimpse an occasional bearskin and touch of scarlet and at least enjoy the music. Suggestions for a second performance later in the day have been scotched by the guard's acid comment, 'We're doing a job, not acting as performing seals.9 It has also been suggested that visitors should be whisked in a given time in groups through Westminster Abbey to relieve the congestion there and the same would apply to the equally-crowded St Paul's and the Tower. A vast football crowd ambles along Oxford Street and surges through the shops there, so that the Londoner leaves the field free for provincials, Americans, Australians and a babel of exotic tongues.As a second Westminster Abbey is impracticable and the glamour of (in fact) a slightly seedy Oxford Street remains unrivalled, this problem associated with tourism is indeed insoluble. Tourists are reminded of the charm of the West Country, the romance of Scotland, the historical interest of Stratford, Canterbury and Cambridge but to the once-in-lifetime visitor from Kansas City or Adelaide, London will obviously remain the three-day magnet. Other European capitals probably share these problems, and the homeward-bound traveler must revel in swinging his arms, expanding his chest and having time and space to examine and actually enjoy his surroundings.Questions:1.How has the tourist situation changed in Britain recently? (2 points)2.Why are the tourists welcome? (1 point)3.Why are the tourists 'less enchanted by the accommodation9? (1 point)4.Why is the tourist industry 'surprised9? (1 point)5.What is suggested about the shape of the new luxury hotels? (1 point)6.What difficulties in finding accommodation face many visitors to London? (1 point)7.Why do people have difficulty in enjoying the Changing of the Guard? (1 point)8.What suggestion has been made about how to reduce overcrowding in Westminster abbey? (1 point)9.Why do Londoners avoid Oxford Street? (1 point)10.Why does the homeward-bound traveler revel in "swinging his arms and extending his chest? (2 points)SECTION C Matching Questions (8 points / 1 point each)Directions: Look at the statements below and the company news reports. Whichnews report (A, B, C or D) does each statement 1-8 refer to? For each sentence 1-8, mark one letter (A f B, C, or D) on the Answer Sheet. You will need to use some of the letters more than once.1.There are various types of meeting rooms available here.2.This conference centre is well known for the quality of its food.3.Discounts are available for some clients.4.There is someone on duty here at all times.5.The very latest conference equipment is available here.6.This conference centre now has a traditional atmosphere.7.Secretarial support is available at no extra charge.8.The centre is willing to give a refund if a client is not completely satisfied.ASherwood House is only a stone's throw away from the city centre and yet provides a stress-free and relaxing atmosphere for your business meetings. We have six meeting rooms, each with full conference facilities. Our reception desk is staffed round the clock, ready to deal with any calls; our highly experienced catering staff are responsible for an exciting variety of menus at affordable prices.BThe Manor Hotel is committed to giving you the perfect conference environment. As part of an extensive investment programme, all our meeting rooms have been upgraded to include the most up-to-date facilities. Our wide range of rooms will meet every possible need—one-to-one interviews, seminars, product lunches, major presentations etc. We also guarantee to return your fee should you be disappointed with our service.CBroomfild Hall, a magnificent country house set in 80 acres of peaceful parkland,has been completely refurbished in order to re-create the elegance and comfort of times gone by. We have extensive conference facilities and specialist staffs dedicated to the success of your business event. We also offer special deals on accommodation for large delegations.The Carlton Hotel, conveniently situated just minutes from the motorway, is the ideal venue for your conference. Not only do we offer superb hospitality, but our fully equipped business centre provides a complete typing and copying service, included in the conference fee. The restaurant also enjoys an excellent reputation, offering everything from a midday sandwich to a formal dinner.PART V TRANSLATION (25 points)SECTION A English to Chinese (10 points / 2 points each)Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1 .nlike the usual run of battles, this was not a fight of one organized army against another; it was a more thrilling war between men, women, and children on the one side, and the uncharted wilderness on the other.2.h e word hero is often applied to ordinary people who happened to perform an act of courage.3.s an employee you work with and through other people.4.ichard Nixon would probably not have lost to Kennedy were it not for his poor showing on TV.5.he technological revolution of the past few decades thus seems like a Faustian bargain to many people---economic and material progress bought at the expense of growing dependence on nonrenewable resources,...SECTION B Chinese to English (15 points / 3 points each)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English. Please use words, phrases, or sentence patterns you have learned from Unit 9 to Unit 15 in A New English Course, Student's Book 3 to translate the underlined parts. Failures inusing these words, phrases, or sentence patterns will result in loss of marks.1.当他说道：“谢天谢地，他没有受到伤害”时,口气明显如释重负。
