case意义n.事例,实例,事实,情况;病例;案件;箱,盒,套;手提箱搭配a case in point有关的事例,例证a case in point恰当的例子in any case无论如何,不管怎样in case假使,以防(引导虚拟语气)sum up the case概括事实in case of假如,如果发生;防备in no case无论如何不,决不in this/that case如果这样.那样的话a case of measles麻疹病例appeal a case申述pack a case装箱in the case of就…..来说,至于as the case may be看情况，根据具体情况辨析case事实,事例,情况,其可笼统地指一个完整的论题,也可表典型的事例,也可用于表医学上的病例或法律上的案例.instance为正式用词,指从事实中援引单独事例,隐含其典型性重难点语法规则：in case意为“假使；免得，以防（万一）”。
In case引导的从句可以用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气，虚拟形式为should+动词原形试题I was advised to arrange for insurance _____I needed medical treatment.A)nevertheless B) although C)in case D)so thatCI left for the office earlier than usual this morning _________traffic jam.A)in line with B)for the sake of C)in case of D)at the risk ofCWe left the manager a note________ he wanted to know where we were.A)if B)in case C)so that D)unlessBThe lawyer advised him to drop _________,since he stands little chance to win.A)event B)incident C)case D)affairCraise意义vt.举起、提高、提升；筹集、征集；唤起、引起；养育、饲养、种植；提升，增加（工资）搭配rais e one’s hand举手raise one’s hat to sb.向某人举帽致敬raise doubts in people’s minds引起人们的怀疑raise a child养育孩子raise farm/corps饲养raise funds筹集资金raise salaries增加薪水raise standards of service提高服务水平辨析raise liftraise多指由低处垂直举往高处，不一定费力lift指用力或机械把重物提高到较高的位置rise arise arouse risev.上升arisev.发生arousev.激发起试题Though______in San Francisco, Dave Mitchell had always preferredto record the plain facts of small-town life.答案A)raised B)grown C)developed D)cultivatedAextend意义vt.延伸；扩展、扩大；提供、给予；vi.伸展、延伸；（在范围或应用上）达到构词ex(向外)+tend（伸展）变形extension.n.伸出、伸展；延长部分；电话分机extensivea. 广大的、广阔的；广泛的intensivea.加强的，深入细致的搭配extensive knowledge广博的知识to extend credit/visa延长信贷限期/签证extensive reading泛读extensive discussion广泛的讨论辨析enlargeexpandenlargev.扩大，放大expandv.使膨胀，扩张extend lengthen prolongextend指直线状的伸展，引申指扩大势力、范围。
lengthen指增加长度或延长时间。
prolong指时间过程延长到超过通常或正常的限度。
试题It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and _____ knowledge. 答案A) extensive B) expansive C) intensive D) expensiveAintensive意义a.加强的，集中的，深入细致的；集约（经营）的，精耕细作的构词ex(向外)+tend（伸展）变形intensityn.强烈，剧烈；强度intensivelyadv.加强地，集中地，深入细致地搭配intensive study深入细致的研究intensive reading精读intensive agriculture集约农业labour intensity劳动强度look at sb. with intensity深情地看着某人辨析intense意为“非常的；强烈的”，常用于形容某种性质或感情，表示很高或达到极端的程度。
intensive含有intense的意思，但更强调“精细的；集中的”。
An intenseattack 全线的攻击；an intensive attack 集中某一点攻击。
试题The patient’s health failed to such an extent that he was put into____care.答案A)tense B)rigid C)intensive D)tightCThe relationship between employers and employees has been studied________ 答案A)originally B)extremely C)violently D)intensivelyDavailable意义a.现成可使用的，在手边的，可利用的；可取得联系的，可得到的构词a(to)+vail(value,价值)+able(后缀)----有利用价值的-----可利用的搭配make sth. available to/for使…可以享受某物；使….买得起某物the only available room唯一可用的房子；辨析availablea. 现成可使用的，在手边的，可利用的handya. 手边的，就近的，便利的，敏捷的at hand在手边，在附近，即将到来试题Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking are______in grocery stores.答案A)ready B)approachable C)probable D) availableDIn general,the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total ____for living expense.答案A)acceptable B)available C)advisable D)applicableBcharge意义n.控告，指控;主管，看管;费用，价钱;负荷,电荷,充电vt.索价，要......支付;控告，指控;使承担（任务、责任等）;使负荷,使充电搭配in charge of主管,看管in(under)the charge of在……的掌管下charge sb.with指控某人………charge(sb.)…(money)for sth.要价,要(某人)付….(钱)买某物take charge开始管理,接管a positive/negative charge正/负电荷be on charge正充电at modest charges以公道的价格charge for trouble手续费charge a battery给电池充电accuseaccuse 指的是严重程度不等的犯罪或冒犯行为,accuse与介词of连用,chargecharge所指的是正式控告或指责具有违法性质的行为,charge与介词with搭配.试题She was complaining that the doctor was ________too much for the treatment he was giving her. 答案A)expending B)offering C)costing D)chargingDThis hotel ____$60 for a single room with bath.答案A)charges B)demands C)prices D)claimsAeffect意义n.结果、效果; v.实现、使生效变形effective有效的，生效的，起作用的；给人印象深刻的；实际的，事实上的effectively有效地、起作用地搭配bring/carry/put into effect实行、实现take effective measures采取有效措施effective range有效射程；effective ways of reducing pollution降低污染的有效方法；take effect生效、起作用to the effect that大意是effective有效的、起作用的in effect实际上、实质上come/go into effect生效to no effect无效；毫无结果辨析consequenceeffect指明显的原因所产生的后果。
consequence可指没有明确原因的后果或效果。
effective valideffective表示能产生实际的效果。
valid指仍为权威部门认可，可以继续使用，是法律用语。
真题They took _______ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.答案A) fruitful B) beneficial C) valid D) effectiveDThough the long-term___ can not be predicted, the project has been approved by the committee. 答案A)affect B)effect C)result D)consequenceBThe new appointment of our president ______from the very beginning of next semester.答案A)takes effect B)takes part C)takes place D)takes turnAtransmit意义vt.播送、发射；传送、传染构词trans(从…到….)+mit(发送)变形transmission播送、发射;传送、传染搭配transmit knowledge from one generation to another把知识由一代传给另一代transmission of news消息的传播；transmit news by radio由无线电发送消息真题American football and baseball are becoming known to the British public through televised _________ from the United States.答案A)transfer B) deliveries C) transportation D) transmissionsDSome diseases are ___ by certain water animals.答案A) transplanted B) transformed C) transported D)transmittedDCommunication is the process of_______a message from a source to an audience via a channel.答案A)transmitting B)submitting C)transforming D)switchingACultural________indicates that human beings hand theirs languages down from one generation to another.答案A)translation B )transition C)transmission D)transactionCrelate意义vi.有关联；适应，和睦相处；vt.使互相关联；讲述，叙述变形relative相关的，有关的；相对的，比较的；亲属all human values are relative,so beauty is relative to the beholder's eyes.relatively相关地，有关地；相对地，比较地relation亲属搭配relate to/with有关联relative to有关，涉及in/with relation to有关，涉及close/near relation近亲distant relation远亲真题It is difficult to______cause and effect in this case.答案A)unite B)think C)relate D)describeCtake搭配take after与…相象take apart拆开(机器等)take…as把…理解为take away拿走，夺去，使离去；减去take down取下；记下；拆卸take for认为，以为；误认为take on接受；包含；领会；承担，从事；呈现，具有；开始雇佣take into account把…考虑进去take issue with sb.与某人争论take off拿走；脱下(衣帽等)；起飞take oneself off走开，离去take up拿起；着手处理；占去take sb. to task责备某人，申斥某人take to开始；对…产生好感；形成的习惯take up占去，占据；开始从事take over占据；接任(职位)take out拿出；去掉；扣除；（通过申请等）取得，办理；(on)对….发泄take out loans借贷take aback使吃惊，使困惑take back收回（说错的话）；使回忆起take in接受，接纳，吸收；包括；领会，理解；欺骗take effect生效take turns轮流take up with与….成为朋友take out on对….发泄试题The new appointment of our president ______from the very beginning of next semester.答案A) takes effect B) takes part C) takes place D) takes turnsAFrequently single-parent children ___some of the functions that the absent adult in the house would have served.答案A) take off B) take after C) take in D) take onDOur son doesn’t know what to _____at the university; he can’t make up his mind about his future. 答案A) take in B)take over C) take up D) take afterBI’d ______ his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.答案A) take into account B) account forC) make up for D) make outAturn搭配turn away走开；把脸转过去turn one's back on不理睬turn out生产；驱逐；翻转turn on开，旋开(电灯等)turn off关(水源等)；拐弯turn into进入；使变成，使成为turn in转身进入；拐入；交出；上床睡觉turn down关小，调低；拒绝turn sb's blood cold使毛骨悚然turn against对…采取敌对态度by turns轮流，交替take turns依次，轮流on the turn正在转变中turn back(使)折回；（使）往回走turn around/round转变，（使）转好in turn依次，轮流；转而，反过来turn up出现；找到；证明是turn to变成；求助于；着手；查阅turn over(机器等)运转；翻过来；仔细考虑试题Let’s not wait any longer, he might not ___at all.答案A)turn over B)turn up C)turn on D)turn downBThe French pianist who had been praised very highly ____to be a great disappointment .答案A)turned up B)turned in C)turned out D)turned downCThis popular sports car is now being ____at the rate of a thousand a week.答案A)turned down B)turned out C)turned up D)turned onBFaced with all the difficulties, the girl _____her mother for comfort.答案A)turned over B)turned form C)turned to D)turned upCUnder the present system, state enterprises must____ all profits to the government答案A) turn down B)turn up C)turn out D)turn inDEverything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the body’s need for it from naturalsources without turning____ the salt bottle.答案A)to B)over C)on D)upAput搭配put across/over解释清楚；做成(交易)put up with忍受，容忍(讨厌的人)put up举起；安装；张贴；建造，搭起，支起；为….提供住宿；进行（抵抗）；提高（价格）；提名put to(船只顺避风等而)靠岸put through使穿过；使从事；接通（电话），为…接通电话put out熄灭；关(灯)；出版；伸出；生产put on穿上；上演；教唆；增加（体重）put off推迟，拖延；阻碍put in花费；正式提出put aside储存，保留；把…放在一边，暂不考虑put forward提出(要求、事实等)put down记下；镇压；杀死put away把…收起；储存，积攒put sb. out of job使某人失业put one’s feeling into words用语言表达感情试题In Disneyland, every year, some 800,000plants are replaced because Disney refused to ____ signs asking his “guest” not to step on them.答案A) put down B) put out C) put up D) put offCWhen they had finishing playing, the children were made to___all the toys theyhad taken out.答案A)put off B)put out C)put up D)put awayDgo搭配go back on违背（诺言等）; 毁(约)go for竭力想取得，喜爱，适用于go in for从事，致力，爱好；追求go into研究，调查，进入go on继续，发生；接近go through经历，详细检查；完成go with伴随，与…..协调；与…持同一看法go without没有…… 也行on the go很忙to go剩下的，未完成的go against反对；对….不利go after追求/赶; 设法得到go about着手做，处理，忙于go up上升，增加，建起；(物价等)上涨go under下沉，沉没；失败；破产go round/around足够分配; (消息)流传go over检查，审查；复习，重温go out外出；熄灭；走出(房间等)；罢工;公布，播出go out of one's way特别费心(做事)爆炸，发射；动身，离开；去世；go off with拿去；抢走；拐走go down下降，降低；被载入，传下去; (船等)下沉go by过去go ahead开始，前进；领先; 取得进展go at攻击；着手/努力做go along进行，进展；（with）赞同go into action开始行动go together相配；恋爱go by走过，放过；依照go abroad出国go out of one’s mind变得神志不清试题The early pioneers had to _____ many hardships to settle on the new land.答案A) go along with B) go back on C) go through D) go intoCThe terrorists might have planted a bomb on a plane in Athens, set to ___ when it arrived in New Y ork.答案A) get off B) carry off C) go off D) come off things.CThere are other problems which I don’t propose to ______at the moment.答案A) go into B) go around C) go for D) go upADavid likes country life and has decided to ____ farming .答案A）go in for B) go back on C）go through with D) go along withA出现11次的短语词汇callcall after追在…的后面叫喊call forth唤起，引起；鼓起（勇气，精神）call for要求，需要，提倡call back叫回来，收回(错话等)call up征召(服役)，动员call on/upon访问；号召；呼吁call off叫走，叫开；取消call in收回(某物)真题That was so serious a matter that I had no choice but the police.答案A) called in B) calling in C) call in D) to call inDThe sports meet, originally due to be held last Friday ,was finally because of the bad weather.答案A）set off B）worn off C) broken off D) called offDA well-written composition ____ good choice of words and clear organization .答案A) calls on B) calls for C）calls up D) calls offBThe article________more attention to the problem of cultural interference in foreign language teaching and learning.答案A)calls for B)applies for C)cares for D)allows forAmake搭配made up of由…组成，由…构成make it办成，做到，成功；赶上，及时达到make believe假装，假扮make of理解，推断make up to接近；巴结；向…求爱make up for补偿，弥补make up拼凑；组成；补偿;捏造，临时编造，虚高；化装；和解make as if假装；装作make over把(财产)转让；改造make away(急忙)离去；逃走make away with携…而逃；摧毁；浪费make off with携…而逃make for走向，向…前进；冲向make down改小(衣服)make beds铺床叠被make out of用…制造出；理解make out开列；书写；辩认出make fun of嘲笑；开…玩笑home/foreign make本国/外国制造make one's way前进；成功，发迹试题In Britain today women ____44% of the work force ,and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work..答案A) build up B) stand for C) make up D) conform toCWhen he realized the police had spotted him, the man ____ the exit as quickly as possible.答案A) made off B) made for C) made out D) made upBset搭配set against使敌视，使抵消set oneself up as以…自居set up开办；建立；设立；开始经商set out动身；开始；装饰；摆放；阐明set oneself against坚决反对set off动身，出发；使爆炸set forth动身起程；阐明set down记下；登记；放下set back(把钟等)往回拨；推迟；使花费set aside挑出；不顾；取消；不理会set apart使分离；使显得突出；留出，拨出（时间、金钱等）set about开始；散布(谣言等)a dinner set一套餐具set in开始set on袭击，唆使真题Having decided to rent a flat, we ____contacting all the accommodation agencies in the city . 答案A) set about B) set down C) set out D) set upA同义词辨析名词辨异1. mass: 质量,众多; substance: 物质（抽象的）；matter: 物质(具体的); material: 材料,原料.2. source:(某物的)根源,来源；foundation: 基础；origin: 起源,由来； basis: 以…为基础.3. event: 状况；thing: 事情; affair: 社会活动；occasion: 场合、时机; chance: 机会、运气；4. room: 房间；space: 空间；place: 地方；area: 面积,范围.5. job: 职位；work: 工作；profession: 专业；living: 生活.6. character: 个性,特征；attitude: 态度,看法；choice: 选择.7. appointment: 约会,预约；assignment: 分配,任务； opportunity: 机会.8. guilty: 有罪的,内疚的； criminal: 罪犯,犯人；faulty: 错误的.动词辨异（注：vt 为及物动词；vi 为不及物动词）1．raise:(vt)升起,使出现；rise:(vi)增长； arise:(vi)出现, arouse: (vt)唤起.2. determine:(vt)决定; appoint:(vt)约定、任命；admit:(vi/vt)承认/容许；assume:(vt)设想,假定.3. receive:(vt)收到; accept:(vt/vi)接受/同意；listen:(vi)收听；catch:(vi)抓住4. fall:(vi)倒下,下跌；sink:(vi)使下沉；drop: 使跌倒,落下； lower:(vi/vt)降低/放下.5. bring:(vt/vi)拿来/停下；take:(vt)拿，取；get:(vt)获得；carry：(vt)运送。
