课时作业(十七)
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课时作业(十七)Ⅰ.阅读理解阅读下面短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出最佳选项。
Smile and keep up the spirit; everything is temporary. Problems are the steps we need to acquire better things. Problems are new opportunities to learn what we need to know to avoid making mistakes, to start over, to do the best we can, with a new attitude, the right attitude.Everything is for good. At the end of the tunnel there is always light. The important thing is that regardless of any barrier we face, we don’t stop moving forward while we are in the darkness of that tunnel. To stay in such darkness, to sigh, or to wait for somebody to feel pity or sorry for us doesn’t solve anything.It is important to understand that walking in that unavoidable dark tunnel is a blessing in disguise since it becomes part of our experience, it makes us grow and it is one of the two ways that forces us to form our character. Benjamin Franklin said, “We either buy wisdom, paying for our mistakes, or take it borrowed, learning from other people’s mistakes.”To stay in the misery or blame others does you no good. You are bigger than any challenge; you have everything you need to make it through and succeed. Don’t stop! Continue moving forward! Don’t stay in that mental dark zone. In this zone there is no growth, only insecurity(不安).Regardless of all fears, it is necessary to keep moving forward. There are a lot of blessings waiting for you! The riches of life are for those who have the courage and perseverance(坚持不懈) to take action. Life may not be fair; it is for sure that all of us will pay for our mistakes. That is unavoidable, but what makes us grow is not how many times life beats us, but how many times we get up and try.Who hasn’t gone through bad times? The important thing is to see, understand, and accept life as it is. Everybody makes mistakes! Once we make a decision and take action, there is no way to go back. Life cannot be, nor will it be otherwise. Being irresponsible, blaming, or justifying(为……辩护) our actions and mistakes keeps us from growing.1. In Paragraph 2 the author advises us to ________.A. ignore the difficult situationB. wait for help when in troubleC. keep moving in times of troubleD. be careful of any barrier we face2. What Benjamin Franklin said proves that ________.A. some people don’t make mistakesB. making mistakes is unavoidableC. we have to pay for our mistakesD. mistakes can be beneficial to us3. Which of the following statements would the author agree with according to thepassage?A. Accepting life as it is frees us from growing.B. Courage and perseverance are vital to success.C. We should think twice before making a decision.D. We should bear in mind that life is equal to everyone.4. The author writes the passage mainly to ________.A. encourage readers to pursue their dreamsB. advise readers to get out of the comfort zoneC. call on readers to feel confident about their futureD. advise readers to look on problems as opportunities答案与解析【解题导语】本文是说明文。
2020高考语文一轮复习课时作业(浙江专版)17课时作业(十七) [中国古代诗歌、散文欣赏][时间:45分钟分值:30分]一、阅读下面这首词,然后回答问题。
采桑子欧阳修十年前是尊前客,月白风清。
忧患凋零,老去光阴速可惊。
鬓华虽改心无改,试把金觥。
旧曲重听,犹似当年醉里声。
1.简要分析这首词的上片所运用的表现手法及其作用。
(4分)答:________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2.这首词抒发了作者怎样的情感?请作简要赏析。
(6分)答:________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________二、阅读下面的散文,然后回答问题。
尊卢沙宋濂秦有尊卢沙者,善夸谈,居之不疑,秦人笑之。
尊卢沙曰:“勿予笑也,吾将说楚以王国之术。
”翩翩然南。
迨至楚境上,关吏絷(zhí:捆,绑)之。
尊卢沙曰:“慎勿絷我,我来为楚王师。
”关吏送诸朝。
大夫寘馆之,问曰:“先生不鄙夷敝邑,不远千里,将康我楚邦。
承颜色日浅,未敢敷布腹心,他不敢有请,姑闻师楚之意,何如?”尊卢沙怒曰:“是非子所知。
课时作业(十七) [全员参与·基础练]1.伽利略抱负试验揭示了()A.若物体运动,那么它肯定受力B.力不是维持物体运动的缘由C.只有受力才能使物体处于静止状态D.只有受力才能使物体运动【解析】伽利略抱负试验指出:假如水平面没有摩擦,那么在水平面上的物体一旦获得某一速度,物体将保持这一速度始终运动下去,而不需要外力来维持,故A、D错误;运动和静止都不需要力来维持,故B正确,C错误.【答案】 B2.(2022·福州一中高一检测)关于力和运动的关系,下列说法正确的是()A.物体受力才会运动B.力使物体的运动状态发生转变C.停止用力,运动的物体就会停止D.力是使物体保持静止或匀速直线运动状态的缘由【解析】由牛顿第肯定律可知,力的作用不是使物体产生运动,而是使物体转变运动状态.假如物体原来是运动的,不受力将永久运动下去,即物体的运动不需要力来维持,因此A、C是错误的.物体保持静止或匀速直线运动状态,是物体不受力时的运动规律,并不是力作用的结果,因此D是错误的.正确选项是B.【答案】 B3.(2022·邯郸期末) 如图4-1-6,冰壶在冰面运动时受到的阻力很小,可以在较长时间内保持运动速度的大小和方向不变,我们可以说冰壶有较强的抵制运动状态变化的“本事”.这里所指的“本事”是冰壶的惯性,则惯性的大小取决于()图4-1-6A.冰壶的速度B.冰壶的质量C.冰壶受到的推力D.冰壶受到的阻力【解析】质量是物体惯性大小的唯一量度,故冰壶的惯性大小取决于冰壶的质量,B正确.【答案】 B4.2021年1月1日起实施的新交通法规中规定,坐在小汽车前排的司机和乘客都应在胸前系上平安带,这主要是为了减轻在下列哪种状况消灭时可能对人造成的损害()图4-1-7A.车速太快B.车速太慢C.紧急刹车D.突然启动【解析】小汽车缓慢加速或缓慢减速,人的速度也会缓慢增大或减小,所以不会使人受伤,故A、B选项不合题意;当紧急刹车时,车停止而人由于惯性向前冲,平安带可以防止人冲向前而受伤,故C选项符合题意;突然启动时,人会向后仰,有靠背支撑,平安带不起作用,故D不合题意.【答案】 C5.(2022·马鞍山高一期末)对下列现象解释正确的是()A.在肯定拉力作用下,车沿水平方向前进,所以力是物体运动的缘由B.向上抛出的物体由于惯性向上运动,以后惯性变小,速度越来越小C.高速行驶的汽车由于速度大,所以惯性大,很难停下来D.质量大的物体运动状态不简洁转变是由于物体的质量大,惯性也就大的原因【解析】力不是物体运动的缘由,是物体运动状态转变的缘由,选项A错误;惯性的大小与物体的质量有关,质量大、惯性大,质量小、惯性小,惯性的大小与物体运动的速度大小无关,故选项B、C错误,选项D正确.【答案】 D6.(2022·南通高一检测)在物理课上,老师在讲解“惯性”概念时,做了一个小试验:用两根细绳分别悬挂一个乒乓球和一个同体积的实心小铁球,用力对着乒乓球吹气,乒乓球偏离了竖直方向;用几乎同样大的力对着小铁球吹气,小铁球几乎没有动.这个试验主要说明的物理问题是()A.只有运动的物体才具有惯性B.只有静止的物体才具有惯性C.物体的质量越大,其具有的惯性也越大D.一切物体都具有惯性【解析】物体在任何状况下都有惯性,物体惯性的大小仅由质量大小打算,质量越大,惯性越大.【答案】 C7.从水平匀速向右飞行的飞机上按相等的时间间隔依次放出a、b、c三个球,不考虑空气阻力,站在地面上的人看到它们在空中的排列状况是()【解析】从飞机上释放的球在水平方向上没有受到外力的作用,由牛顿第肯定律可知,在水平方向上,a、b、c三个球的运动状态保持不变,即都以与飞机相同的水平速度做匀速直线运动,故三个球始终在飞机的正下方,三球的连线是一条竖直线.【答案】 B8.做自由落体运动的物体,假如下落过程中某时刻重力突然消逝,物体的运动状况将是()A.悬浮在空中不动B.速度渐渐减小C.保持肯定速度向下做匀速直线运动D.无法推断【解析】物体自由下落时,仅受重力作用,重力消逝以后,物体将不受力,依据牛顿第肯定律的描述,物体将以重力消逝瞬间的速度做匀速直线运动,故应选C.【答案】 C[超越自我·提升练]9.如图4-1-8所示,一个劈形物体M,各面均光滑,放在固定的斜面上,上表面水平,在上表面放一个光滑小球m.劈形物体由静止开头释放,则小球在遇到斜面前的运动轨迹是()图4-1-8A.沿斜面对下的直线B.竖直向下的直线C.无规章的曲线D.抛物线【解析】由于小球处在物体M上,接触面光滑,在M滑下过程中,由于小球水平方向上不受外力作用,该方向上运动状态不会转变,原来静止,则下滑过程中,小球在水平方向上没有位移,故B正确.【答案】 B10.(2022·太原高一检测)依据牛顿第肯定律,以下选项中正确的是()A.人只有在静止的车厢内,竖直向上高高跳起后,才会落在车厢的原来位置B.人在沿直线匀速前进的车厢内,竖直向上高高跳起后,将落在起跳点的后方C.人在沿直线加速前进的车厢内,竖直向上高高跳起后,将落在起跳点的后方D.人在沿直线减速前进的车厢内,竖直向上高高跳起后,将落在起跳点的后方【解析】由于物体具有惯性,人在静止或沿直线匀速前进的车厢内,竖直向上高高跳起后都会落在车厢的原来位置,A、B错;人在沿直线加速前进的车厢内,竖直向上高高跳起后将落在起跳点的后方,C对;人在沿直线减速前进的车厢内,竖直向上高高跳起后,将落在起跳【答案】见解析点的前方,D错.【答案】 C11.(2021·黄冈高一检测)如图4-1-9甲所示,当用力向前拉静止在地面上的小车时,车上的木块将会向后倾倒;如图乙所示,当运动中的小车遇到障碍物时,车上的木块将会向前倾倒.试分别解释其中的道理.图4-1-9【解析】甲图中静止的小车和木块突然受到拉力时,小车和木块的底部一起向前运动,木块上部由于惯性仍保持静止状态,所以会向后倾倒.乙图中运动的小车和木块遇到障碍物,小车和木块底部突然停止,木块上部由于惯性仍旧保持运动,所以小木块会向前倾倒.【答案】见解析12.找两个相同的瓶子,内盛清水,用细绳分别系一铁球、一泡沫塑料球置于水中,使铁球悬挂、塑料球悬浮,如图4-1-10甲所示.甲乙图4-1-10当瓶子突然向右运动时(有向右的加速度),观看比较两个球的运动状态.你看到的现象或许会让你惊异,小铁球的状况正如你所想的一样,相对瓶子向左运动,但塑料球却相对瓶子向右运动,如图4-1-10乙所示.为什么会这样呢?【解析】由于相同体积的水的质量与球的质量不相同,质量越大,运动状态越难以转变,故铁球运动状态的转变比瓶子(及瓶子中的水)慢,所以铁球会相对瓶子向左偏,而塑料球运动状态的转变比瓶子(及瓶子中的水)快,所以塑料球会相对瓶子向右偏.。
2023新教材高考语文二轮专题复习课时作业(十七)文学类阅读——散文(含解析)课时作业(十七) 文学类阅读——散文一、分析结构思路专练一、阅读下面的文字,完成1~4题。
“大黄”记情徐刚颤抖在我生命中的那声犬吠我生下三个月,父亲即因病去世,丢下了母亲、两个姐姐、我和一只大黄狗。
我家的狗叫大黄。
母亲告诉我,我儿时摸墙学走路,大黄便亦步亦趋,跟在我旁边,如我摔倒,定会倒在它毛茸茸的背上。
对于这样的事情我已没有记忆,唯一记得的是它的离世。
在萧瑟寒冷的腊月,一个下午,母亲在纺纱,让我关门并插上门闩。
门外,堂哥们呼叫大黄,他们似乎捉到了大黄。
我觉得惊讶,母亲示意我不要开门,然后是宅门口沟边大杨树下传来的一声惨叫。
母亲哭了,没有出声,只是眼泪不断地落到纺车边上。
晚饭时,门外飘来烧狗肉的香味,母亲特意叮嘱我:“不要开门。
”少顷便有拍门声:“弟弟,开门!”“不开。
”“趁热,吃狗肉。
”“不吃!”我大声地说,“你还我大黄!”我在北大中文系做工农兵学员第一年的寒假,回家过年时与母亲闲聊,言及大黄,母亲告诉我,父亲喜欢狗,大黄与家里人、宅上的叔伯都很亲。
父亲去世后,母亲视大黄为父亲的遗物,还能帮着照看我,何其珍贵!那又为什么要吃它呢?“过年想吃肉,没钱买,大家都穷,便来和我商量,把黄狗吃了如何?”母亲未及回应,几个堂哥就动手了。
当时这在乡间是一件很平常的事情,吃自家养的狗而已!更何况我们家孤儿寡母,几位堂哥多有关照。
“虽然心里极不情愿,但不让他们吃又说不出口。
”这大黄便一命呜呼了。
母亲洒泪以祭。
颤抖在我生命中的那声犬吠,隐隐约约地留在了记忆中。
而在潜意识里,我一直在寻找大黄,也记住了母亲教我面对某种诱惑时的态度——“关门”!又见大黄我在读高中时应征入伍,部队在江苏溧阳种地瓜和水稻。
生产队长迎接我们时,一只大黄狗突然飞奔而至,尾巴高翘,“呜呜”声不断,它不知道村子里为什么来了那么多陌生人。
次日早起晨练,声音惊动了大黄狗,它匆匆赶来,又怕又急,转身叫来了它的主人,生产队长摸了一下狗脑袋说:“大黄,那都是我们的朋友,兵哥哥。
课时作业(十七)化学能与热能1.一种生产和利用氢能的途径如图所示。
下列说法中错误的是()A.氢能属于二次能源B.图中能量转化的方式至少有6种C.太阳能电池的供电原理与燃料电池相同D.太阳能、风能、氢能都属于新能源C[氢能属于二次能源,A项正确;图中涉及的能量转化方式有太阳能、风能、水能转化为电能,电能与化学能的相互转化,电能与光能、热能的转化等,B项正确;太阳能电池的供电原理是将太阳能转化为电能,而燃料电池的供电原理是将化学能转化为电能,所以二者供电原理不相同,C项错误;太阳能、风能、氢能都属于新能源,D项正确。
] 2.(2020·北京等级考测试)高粱酿酒过程中的部分流程按顺序排列如下,其中能说明高梁转化过程中放出热量的是()A B C D“蒸粮”时加热“拌曲”前摊晾“堆酵”时升温“馏酒”时控温C[试题以高粱酿酒过程为情境,通过图像分析和必要的文字说明考查学生对化学反应与能量的理解,涉及化学反应与能量、化学与传统文化等必备知识,主要考查接受、吸收、整合化学信息的能力,体现科学态度与社会责任的学科核心素养,突出对基础性、应用性的考查。
C项,发酵时温度升高,此过程涉及放热反应,正确。
]3.铍和氯气反应的能量变化如图所示。
下列说法正确的是()A.E2是正反应的活化能B.该反应的ΔH<0C.加入催化剂,ΔH减小D.ΔH=E2-E1B[图中E1、E2分别代表正、逆反应的活化能,A错误;由图可知,反应物[Be(s)+Cl2(g)]具有的总能量高于生成物[BeCl2(s)]具有的总能量,该反应是放热反应,则ΔH<0,B正确;ΔH由反应物和生成物具有的总能量决定,加入催化剂,能改变正、逆反应的活化能,但ΔH 不变,C错误;该反应的ΔH=E1-E2,D错误。
]4.我国科学家使用双功能催化剂(能吸附不同粒子)催化水煤气变换反应:CO(g)+H2O(g)===CO2(g)+H2(g)ΔH<0,在低温下获得高转化率与高反应速率。
课时作业(十七) Unit 6 Section Ⅱ Using language 语言知识训练Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Always make your ________ (报告) just a bit shorter than anticipated.2.T o protect masses of endangered animals, a natural ________ (保护区) was set up in this remote mountain.3.Having studied volcanoes for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great ________ (损害).4.The local government had no effective way to ________ (使恢复) the supply of electricity, making citizens disappointed.5.People should ________ (排放) less greenhouse gases and use renewable energy and reusable products.6.The professor gave an appealing ________ (讲座) to new students, using slides to demonstrate.Ⅱ.完成句子1.The repairman ________________ (专心致志于) repairing the broken vehicle in his own right at present.2.There are ________________ (多达)170 kinds of common currencies all over the world.3.This credit card________________(目的是)making people's life convenient will be released next month.4.The government tried to get more teenagers________________(参加)soccer.5.In the past, people's activities ____________________________ (对……有消极影响) the environment of this continent.6.People should work together to________the original environment ________________ (阻止……免受破坏).Ⅲ.单句语法填空1.Being devoted to ________ (learn) a second language will add to a lot of fun and broaden your horizon.2.________ (highlight) include China's most sacred peaks at Mount T ai and Hangzhou's rolling hills, waterways and peaceful temples.3.The embassy,________(establish)in1988,has witnessed the dramatic changes of this city.4.He lived on the streets, and then in an orphanage. There, he ________ (adopt) by an Australian family and flown to T asmania.5.The________(sustain)success of small farmers won't happen without fundamental changes to the industry.6.T o their grief, this energetic player was injured ________ (severe) in the match.7.But Naomi would have to ask Steve's ________ (permit).8.The authority overcame great difficulties ________ (reduce) the loss of farmers during the drought.Ⅳ.语法专练——单句语法填空1.The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make himself ________ (hear).2.When he got home, he found his house ________ (clean).3.The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ________ (follow) them.4.When Snow White came to herself, she found herself ________ (surround) by seven dwarfs.5.Then Jeff noticed steam ________ (shoot) out of the pot and the lid starting to shake.6.[2021·全国甲卷,语法填空改编]The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people ________ (move) inside and outside the City Wall.7.I heard her ________ (sing) an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.8.I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs ________ (take).9.We found the house easily with the little boy ________ (lead) the way.10.When I passed his room,I spotted him still ________ (sleep) soundly. 语言能力训练Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2022·广东高一期末]Nola (August 21, 1974—November 22,2015) was a northern white rhino who lived at the San Diego Zoo Safari Park near Escondido,California.At her death,she was one of only four remaining northern white rhinos in the world. The other three lived in Kenya. World Rhino Day, held on September 2, is to raise awareness (意识) of the less than 30,000 other rhinos left on Earth.“Rhinos need our help today, not tomorrow,”Nola's lead keeper Jane Kennedy said. “Last year we lost over 1,200 rhinos just in South Africa. If we continue to lose more than 1,000 rhinos a year, in 10 to 20 years all the rhinos on the planet will be gone.”“Unfortunately,most animals are in danger of dying out because of humans,”Kennedy says.“Humans have either poached animals,or because there are over seven billion of us, we've taken up too much of the world's resources.” Poachers illegally hunt rhinos for their horns. They sell the horns for thousands of dollars per pound, to be used for art, jewelry, and decorations. Experts believe that one rhino is poached every eight hours.In 1975, the San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research started the Frozen Zoo,a program through which researchers have collected cell samples from more than8,000different types of animals,including the northern white rhino. Scientists hope that by studying the rhino cells, they will get greater understanding of it, and will find ways to increase its numbers.Jane Kennedy describes World Rhino Day as a celebration of rhinos alongwith an awareness campaign for everybody across the world to know that rhinos need our help. At the San Diego Zoo, children and adults are welcome to visit and speak with zookeepers to learn about rhinos. But you don't have to live in San Diego to celebrate World Rhino Day. It is observed around the world,with zoos and wildlife parks holding special events and programs to teach people about rhinos, and enable them to see the animals up close. For more information, go to .1.What do we know about Nola?A.It was a baby white rhino.B.It was one of the last of its kind.C.It lived with other northern white rhinos in Kenya.D.It died on September 22 at the San Diego Zoo Safari Park.2.What troubled Jane Kennedy according to Paragraph 2?A.The rhinos' uncertain future.B.The rhinos' strange activities.C.The limited natural resources.D.The rare animals in South Africa.3.What does the Frozen Zoo aim to do?A.Invent new kinds of animals.B.Keep animals from dying out.C.Prevent rhinos from being hunted.D.Raise public awareness of rhinos.4.What is the main purpose of the last paragraph?A.T o help people know more about animals.B.T o encourage people to protect rhinos.C.T o report special events in San Diego.D.T o introduce World Rhino Day.B[2021·全国乙卷]Y ou've heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. Butdoes one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to reexamine their relationship to singleuse plastic products.At the beginning of the year,the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10foottall plastic waves, frozen midcrash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (来源) of plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that's part of Von Wong's artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate (说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload's worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work,titled“T ruckload of Plastic,”Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped (倾倒) from a truck all at once.Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.5.What are Von Wong's artworks intended for?A.Beautifying the city he lives in.B.Introducing ecofriendly products.C.Drawing public attention to plastic waste.D.Reducing garbage on the beach.6.Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?A.T o show the difficulty of their recycling.B.T o explain why they are useful.C.T o voice his views on modern art.D.T o find a substitute for them.7.What effect would “T ruckload of Plastic” have on viewers?A.Calming. B.Disturbing.C.Refreshing. D.Challenging.8.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Artists' Opinions on Plastic SafetyB.Media Interest in Contemporary ArtC.Responsibility Demanded of Big CompaniesD.Ocean Plastics T ransformed into SculpturesⅡ.完形填空Every year about40,000people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro,the highest mountain in Africa. They __1__ with them lots of waste. The __2__ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing, changing the __3__ of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories, I'm __4__ about the place—other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.However,I soon__5__that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of camps among tons of rubbish.I find a__6__ mountain,with toilets at camps and along the paths.The environmental challenges are __7__ but the efforts made by the T anzania National Park Authority seem to be __8__.The best of a Kilimanjaro __9__, in my opinion, isn't reaching the top. Mountains are __10__ as spiritual places by many cultures. This __11__ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as __12__ go through five ecosystems (生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters, __13__ lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather __14__ —low clouds envelop the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I __15__ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4,000 meters is the highland desert: gravel (砾石), stones androcks. Finally you climb into an arctic-like zone with permanent snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.1.A.keep B.mixC.connect D.bring2.A.stories B.buildingsC.crowds D.reporters3.A.position B.ageC.face D.name4.A.silent B.skepticalC.serious D.crazy5.A.discover B.argueC.decide D.advocate6.A.remote B.quietC.tall D.clean7.A.new B.specialC.significant D.necessary8.A.paying off B.spreading outC.blowing up D.fading away9.A.atmosphere B.experienceC.experiment D.sight10.A.studied B.observedC.explored D.regarded11.A.view B.qualityC.reason D.purpose12.A.scientists B.climbersC.locals D.officials13.A.holding on to B.going back toC.living up to D.giving way to14.A.changes B.clearsC.improves D.permits15.A.match B.imagineC.count D.add课时作业(十七)层级一 语言知识训练Ⅰ.单词拼写1.presentation 2.reserve 3.damage 4.restore 5.release6.lectureⅡ.完成句子1.is devoted to 2.up to 3.aiming at 4.involved in5.had a negative impact on 6.keep; from being damagedⅢ.单句语法填空1.learning 2.Highlights 3.established 4.was adopted 5.sustainable 6.severely 7.permission 8.to reduce Ⅳ.语法专练——单句语法填空1.heard 2.cleaned 3.following 4.surrounded 5.shooting6.moving 7.singing 8.taken 9.leading 10.sleeping层级二 语言能力训练Ⅰ.阅读理解A【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。
课时作业(十七)[学业水平层次(A)]读我国某地地表形态和地质构造图,完成1~2题。
1.Ⅳ单元地貌是()A.背斜山B.向斜山C.断块山D.死火山2.Ⅱ单元地貌经受的地质作用过程主要是()A.流水侵蚀—断裂陷落—流水积累B.岩浆活动—流水积累—风力侵蚀C.岩浆活动—流水侵蚀—断裂陷落D.流水侵蚀—褶皱弯曲—风力积累【解析】第1题,Ⅳ单元地貌是断块上升形成的。
第2题,Ⅱ单元岩层背斜构造顶部毁灭侵蚀缺失;后由于断裂陷落,地势降低,毁灭沉积,岩石顶部毁灭沉积物掩盖层。
【答案】 1.C 2.A地球上每天都在发生地震,一年约有500万次。
其中约5万次人们可以感觉到;能造成破坏的约有1 000次;7级以上的大地震平均一年有十几次。
下图是2021年7级以上地震分布图。
另据中国地震台网监测,2021年9月24日19:29:49(北京时间)在巴基斯坦西部(27°N,65.5°E)发生里氏7.8级大地震,震源深度为40 km。
读图,完成3~4题。
2021年7级以上地震分布图3.从图中来看,下列哪个板块的边界未发生7级以上的地震()A.亚欧板块B.印度洋板块C.非洲板块D.南极洲板块4.9月24日巴基斯坦西部发生的地震震源位于()A.古登堡面以下B.外核C.岩石圈D.软流层【解析】第3题,从图中7级以上的地震分布来看,非洲板块的边界未发生7级以上的地震。
第4题,岩石圈的平均厚度约60 km,而巴基斯坦西部大地震的震源深度为40 km,因此这次地震的震源位于岩石圈。
【答案】 3.C 4.C下图为某校地理爱好小组在野外考察过程中拍摄的照片,在考察过程中发觉甲、乙岩层中存在同一时期的古生物化石,据此回答5~6题。
5.该地质剖面景观图的地质构造类型是()A.背斜B.向斜C.断层D.褶皱6.下列地形与图中右侧乙岩层所在岩块成因相同的是()A.渭河平原B.华北平原C.华山D.富士山【解析】第5题,图中甲、乙岩层中存在同一时期的古生物化石,说明其原为同一岩层,从图中可以看出两岩层之间毁灭断裂并有错动,说明该地质构造为断层。
课时作业(十七)有机合成路线的设计有机合成的应用1.“绿色化学”对化学反应提出了“原子经济性”(原子节约)的概念及要求。
理想的原子经济性反应中原料分子中的所有原子全部转变成所需产物,不产生副产物,实现零排放。
以下反应中最符合“绿色化学”的是()①乙烯与氧气在银的催化作用下生成环氧乙烷()②利用乙烯与HCl反应,制取氯乙烷③以苯和溴为原料,在一定条件下生产溴苯④乙醇与浓硫酸共热制备乙烯A.①②B.②③C.③④D.①④2.1,4二氧六环是一种常见的有机溶剂,它可以通过下列合成路线制得,则烃A可能是()A.1丁烯B.1,3丁二烯C.乙炔D.乙烯3.由溴乙烷制,下列流程合理的是()①加成反应②取代反应③消去反应④氧化反应⑤还原反应A.②③①④②B.③①②④②C.③①②④⑤D.②④⑤②②4.已知:乙醇可被强氧化剂氧化为乙酸。
可经三步反应制得,其中第二步的反应类型是()A.加成反应B.水解反应C.氧化反应D.消去反应5.我国科研团队发现苯乙烯与开链醚可实现如图的转化,关于该反应,下列说法不正确的是()A .M 属于芳香烃B .N 的同分异构体中可能有醛类化合物C .N 分子中含氧官能团为醚键D .若R 1、R 2均为甲基,则P 的分子式为C 12H 16O 26.某种抗结核候选药物的中间体Z 可由下列反应制得,下列说法不正确的是()A .上述反应为取代反应,化合物Z 分子中只有1个手性碳原子B .化合物Y 分子中最多有16个原子共平面C .化合物Z 与足量的氢氧化钠溶液在加热条件下反应,可生成甘油D .化合物X 与氢氧化钠的乙醇溶液共热,可生成HOCH 2CH===CHCl7.对氨基苯甲酸可以甲苯为原料合成。
已知苯环上的硝基可被还原为氨基:苯胺还原性强,易被氧化,则由甲苯合成对氨基苯甲酸的步骤合理的是( )A .甲苯――→硝化 X ――→氧化甲基 Y ――→还原硝基 对氨基苯甲酸B .甲苯――→氧化甲基 X ――→硝化 Y ――→还原硝基 对氨基苯甲酸C .甲苯――→还原 X ――→氧化甲基 Y ――→硝化 对氨基苯甲酸D .甲苯――→硝化 X ――→还原硝基 Y ――→氧化甲基 对氨基苯甲酸8.下列有机合成设计中,所涉及的反应类型有错误的是( )A .由丙烯合成1,2丙二醇:第一步加成反应,第二步取代反应B .由1溴丁烷合成1,3丁二烯:第一步消去反应,第二步加成反应,第三步消去反应C .由乙醇合成乙炔:第一步消去反应,第二步加成反应,第三步消去反应D .由乙烯合成乙二醛;第一步加成反应,第二步取代反应,第三步氧化反应9.下列合成路线不合理的是( )A .用氯苯合成环己烯:B .用乙醇合成乙二醇:CH 3CH 2OH ――→浓硫酸170 ℃ CH 2===CH 2――→Cl 2 ClCH 2CH 2Cl ――→NaOH 溶液加热 HOCH 2CH 2OHC .用乙烯合成乙酸:CH 2===CH 2――→水/催化剂加热 CH 3CH 2OH ――→O 2/Cu 加热 CH 3CHO ――→O 2/催化剂加热CH 3COOH D .用BrCH 2CH===CHCH 2Br 合成HOOCCHClCH 2COOH :BrCH 2CH===CHCH 2Br ――→NaOH 溶液加热HOCH 2CH===CHCH 2OH ――→KMnO 4(H +)HOOCCH===CHCOOH ――→HClHOOCCHClCH 2COOH10.α呋喃丙烯醛(丙)为常用的优良溶剂,也是有机合成的重要原料,其合成路线如下(部分反应试剂与条件已略去)。
课时作业(十七)酸碱中和滴定(本栏目内容,在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订!)一、基础巩固(每小题只有1个选项符合题意)1.用NaOH溶液滴定盐酸的实验中,不必用到的是()A.酚酞B.圆底烧瓶C.锥形瓶D.碱式滴定管B[滴定终点需要依据指示剂颜色变化来确定,可以选择酚酞(溶液由无色变为粉红色),A项不符合题意;整个实验中用不到圆底烧瓶,B项符合题意;在滴定过程中,盐酸需要盛放在锥形瓶中,C项不符合题意;用氢氧化钠溶液滴定盐酸,所以需要用碱式滴定管盛装氢氧化钠溶液,D项不符合题意。
]2.用已知浓度的盐酸滴定25.00 mL未知浓度的氢氧化钠溶液,滴定达终点时,滴定管中的液面如图所示。
正确的读数为()A.22.30 mL B.22.35 mLC.23.65 mL D.23.70 mLB[图中液面在22~23 mL之间,分刻度有10个,因而每刻度是0.1 mL,再估读一位,液体的凹液面读数约为22.35 mL。
]3.下列有关叙述中正确的是()A.滴定管下端连有橡皮管的为酸式滴定管B.在滴定时,左手操作锥形瓶,右手操作滴定管活塞C.滴定前应首先排出尖嘴部分的气泡D.滴定过程中两眼应注视滴定管内液面的变化C[连有橡皮管的是碱式滴定管,滴定时,左手操作滴定管活塞,右手操作锥形瓶,两眼应观察锥形瓶内颜色变化。
]4.下列实验操作不会引起误差的是()A.酸碱中和滴定时,用待测液润洗锥形瓶B.酸碱中和滴定时,用冲洗干净的滴定管盛装标准溶液C.用NaOH标准溶液测定未知浓度的盐酸时,选用酚酞作指示剂D.用标准盐酸测定未知浓度的NaOH溶液结束实验时,酸式滴定管尖嘴部分有气泡,开始实验时无气泡C[锥形瓶一定不要用待测液润洗,否则使待测液的量偏大,消耗标准液的体积偏大,从而使所测浓度偏大,不符合题意;冲洗干净的滴定管无论是盛装标准溶液,还是量取待测溶液,都必须用待装溶液润洗2~3次,否则会使标准溶液或待测溶液比原来溶液的浓度偏小,影响结果,不符合题意;用NaOH标准溶液滴定盐酸可以选用酚酞或甲基橙作指示剂,符合题意;开始实验时酸式滴定管中无气泡,结束实验时有气泡,会导致所读取的V[HCl(aq)]偏小,依据V[HCl(aq)]·c(HCl)=V[NaOH(aq)]·c(NaOH),所测的c(NaOH)偏小,不符合题意。
部编版八年级上册课时作业(十七) [17 昆明的雨](891)1.下列句子中对加点词语的解释有误的一项是()A.雨季则有青头菌、牛肝菌,味极鲜腴..。
(新鲜肥美)B.城春草木深,孟夏..草木长。
(指夏季的第二个月)C.密匝匝...的细碎的绿叶,数不清的半开的白花和饱涨的花骨朵,都被雨水淋得湿透了。
(非常浓密的样子)D.和青辣椒同炒,入口便会使你张目结舌....:这东西这么好吃?!(瞪着眼睛说不出话来,形容吃惊的样子)2.在下面一段文字的横线处补写恰当的语句,使整段文字语意完整、连贯。
丁香花香得浓烈,桂花香得甜润,兰花香得清幽,这是为什么呢?原来,花朵中有一种油细胞,里面藏着芳香油,①,所以香味也不同。
芳香油挥发的香味会吸引昆虫前来传授花粉。
颜色艳丽、花瓣大的花一般香味不浓,因为它们主要靠颜色来吸引昆虫;反之,②,因为它们主要靠花香来吸引昆虫。
3.按照要求,改正下面这段文字中画线处的错误。
“五四”青年节前夕,①为了解大学生的思想状况,提高青年人的责任意识,②幸福社区举行了《青春与责任》主题演讲比赛。
③大学生周思宇演讲时虚情假意,激起阵阵掌声。
最后,经组委会评选,周思宇同学获得本次比赛一等奖。
(1)第①处有语病,修改意见:(2)第②处标点使用有误,修改意见:(3)第③处成语使用不恰当,修改意见:4.某校八年级(1)班准备开展以“雨的诉说”为主题的综合性学习活动,请你参与,并完成以下任务。
(1)【成语组】该组同学在词典里查出一部分与“雨”有关的成语的意思,请根据词义,写出相应的成语。
①比喻共同度过困难。
②风雨交加,白天如同黑夜一样昏暗。
后用来形容局势动荡或社会黑暗。
(2)【诗词组】该组同学发现文人常常借雨寄托自己的某些感情,请你根据提示,写出相应的两句古诗词。
①寄托忧国忧民的情怀:②表现淡淡的愁绪:(3)【生活组】请结合下列材料,说说你对“雨的功过”的认识。
材料一降水是影响水稻生长的重要因素之一,水稻的生长需要较多的水。
课时作业(十七) 抛物线及其标准方程[练基础]1.抛物线y 2=8px (p >0),F 为焦点,则p 表示( )A .F 到准线的距离B .F 到准线距离的14C .F 到准线距离的18D .F 到y 轴的距离 2.若抛物线y 2=2mx 的焦点与圆x 2+y 2-4x =0的圆心重合,则m 的值为( )A .-2B .2C .-4D .43.已知点P (m ,m )(m ≠0)是抛物线y 2=2px (p >0)上一点,且点P 到该抛物线焦点的距离为30,则p =( )A .10B .12C .20D .304.若抛物线y 2=2px 的焦点与椭圆x 26+y 22=1的右焦点重合,则p 的值为( ) A .-2 B .2C .-4D .45.已知点F 是抛物线C :y 2=8x 的焦点,M 是C 上一点,FM 的延长线交y 轴于点N ,若M 是FN 的中点,则M 点的纵坐标为( )A .2 2B .4C .±2 2D .±46.设F 为抛物线y 2=4x 的焦点,A ,B ,C 为该抛物线上三点,若F A →+FB →+FC →=0,则|F A →|+|FB →|+|FC →|=( )A .9B .6C .4D .37.抛物线y =x 2的准线方程为________.8.抛物线y =ax 2的准线方程是y =2,则a 的值为________.9.已知抛物线y 2=2px (p >0)上一点M (1,m )到其焦点的距离为5,双曲线x 2-y 2a=1的左顶点为A ,若双曲线的一条渐近线与直线AM 垂直,则实数a =________. 10.抛物线的顶点在坐标原点,对称轴为y 轴,它与圆x 2+y 2=9相交,公共弦MN 的长为25,求该抛物线的方程.[提能力]11.[多选题]已知抛物线y 2=2px (p >0)上一点M 到其准线及对称轴的距离分别为10和6,则p 的值可取( )A .1B .2C .9D .1812.已知点M 是抛物线y 2=2px (p >0)上的一点,F 为抛物线的焦点,若以|MF |为直径作圆,则这个圆与y轴的关系是()A.相交B.相切C.相离D.以上三种情形都有可能13.已知抛物线的焦点在直线x-2y-4=0上,则此抛物线的标准方程是________.14.已知M为抛物线y2=2px(p>0)上一点,F(2,0)为该抛物线的焦点,O为坐标原点,若∠MFO=120°,N(-2,0),则p=________,△MNF的面积为________.15.设P是抛物线y2=4x上的一个动点,F为抛物线的焦点.(1)若点P到直线x=-1的距离为d,A(-1,1),求|P A|+d的最小值;(2)若B(3,2),求|PB|+|PF|的最小值.[培优生]16.已知圆C1:(x-3)2+(y-22)2=1和焦点为F的抛物线C2:y2=8x,N是C1上一点,M是C2上一点,当点M在M1时,|MF|+|MN|取得最小值,当点M在M2时,|MF|-|MN|取得最大值,则|M1M2|=()A.2 2 B.3 2C.4 2 D.17。
人教版九年级全一册课时作业(十七)(367)1.在相距20km的甲、乙两地之间有两条输电线,已知每米输电线的电阻为0.01Ω。
现输电线在某处发生短路,为确定短路位置,检修员利用电压表、电流表和电源连接成如图所示电路进行检测,当电压表的示数为1.5V时,电流表示数为30mA。
则:(1)短路处距甲地一条输电线的电阻为多少欧姆?(2)短路位置距甲地的距离为多少千米?2.导体两端的电压为6V时,通过导体的电流为1.2A。
若导体两端的电压变为12V,则导体的电阻为()A.5ΩB.10ΩC.15ΩD.无法确定3.在如图所示的电路中,闭合开关,电流表的示数为0.2A,电压表的示数为4V,则导体R的阻值是()A.0.2ΩB.5ΩC.80ΩD.20Ω4.某导体中的电流与它两端电压的关系如图所示,下列分析错误的是()A.该导体电阻为5ΩB.通过该导体的电流与导体两端的电压成正比C.当导体两端的电压为0时,电阻为0D.当导体两端的电压为2V时,电流为0.4A5.在“探究电流与电压关系”的实验中,分别用R1、R2两个电阻进行探究,并根据各自的实验数据绘制出如图所示的U−I关系图像,从图中可以看出R1与R2的大小关系是()A.R1>R2B.R1=R2C.R1<R2D.无法确定6.如图所示的电路,电源电压为6V且保持不变,R=10Ω,当闭合开关S,电压表的示数为2V,以下判断正确的是()A.灯泡L两端的电压是4VB.电阻R两端的电压是2VC.通过灯泡L的电流是0.2AD.通过电阻R的电流是0.4A7.一导体两端的电压为3V时,通过它的电流为0.3A,则该导体的电阻为Ω;当该导体两端的电压为0时,导体的电阻为Ω。
8.元旦晚会上要装些小灯泡来增加气氛,现有一批阻值是15Ω、正常发光时电流为0.4A的小灯泡,则每个小灯泡正常发光时其两端的电压为V,应把个这样的灯泡联在220V电路中使用。
9.如图所示,电阻R的阻值为7.5Ω,电路中电流为0.2A。
课时分层作业(十七)[基础运用层]1.下列句中不含通假字的一项是()A.称心快意,几家能彀B.辛未三月念六夜四鼓C.而母立于兹D.汝幸而偶我D[A项,“彀"同“够”;B项,“念”通“廿”;C项,“而”通“尔"。
]2.下列语句中加点的词,解释不正确的一项是()A.又恐汝不察吾衷衷:衷情B.虽不谓吾言为是是:正确C.适冬之望日前后适:恰逢D.汝其善抚之,使之肖我肖:相像,类似A[A项,“衷”的意思是“内心”.]3.下列加点字词类活用与例句相同的一项是()例:当亦乐牺牲吾身与汝身之福利A.瓜分之日可以死B.渔人甚异之C.汝幸而偶我D.当尽吾意为幸B [例句与B项均是形容词的意动用法。
A项,名词作状语,像切瓜一样。
C项,名词作动词,配偶,嫁。
D项,动词的使动用法,使……尽。
]4.下列加点的词语,与现代汉语中意思不相同的一项是( )A.司马青衫,吾不能学太上之忘情也B.当亦乐牺牲吾身与汝身之福利C.当时余心之悲,盖不能以寸管形容之D.此吾所以敢率性就死不顾汝也D[D项,“所以”一词表原因,不表结果。
现代汉语表结果。
]5.下列句子不是倒装句的一项是()A.称心快意,几家能彀B.不能竟书而欲搁笔C.钟情如我辈者,能忍之乎D.又何不幸而生今日之中国B[A项,主谓倒装;C项,定语后置;D项,状语后置。
]6.根据语境,补写出横线处的句子。
(1)《与妻书》中,作者引用了《孟子》中的一句话“________,__________________;________,______________________”来说明自己不顾妻子而勇于牺牲的原因。
(2)《与妻书》中,作者用八个字概括了没有几家可以过上称心快意生活的原因,这八个字是“____________________,______________________”。
[答案](1)老吾老以及人之老幼吾幼以及人之幼(2)遍地腥云满街狼犬7.请以“真正的爱情”为开头,把苏轼、归有光、林觉民三个人巧妙运用其中,写一组排比句.真正的爱情,是______________________;真正的爱情,是______________________;真正的爱情,是______________________。
2024-2025学年高二上数学课时作业(十七)点到直线的距离公式两条平行直线间的距离[练基础]1.点A(3,-7)到直线x+y=0的距离为()A.2B.2C.4D.222.已知点(a,2)(a>0)到直线l:x-y+3=0的距离为1,则a等于()A.2B.2-2C.2-1D.2+13.两平行直线l1:x-2y-10=0,l2:2x-4y+310=0之间的距离为()B.3A.522C.5D.224.已知斜率为1的直线l过直线3x-y+1=0与2x+y-6=0的交点,则原点到直线l 的距离为()B.22A.322C.1D.25.(多选)已知直线y=2x与x+y+a=0交于点P(1,b),则()A.a=-3B.b=2C.点P到直线ax+by+3=0的距离为21313D.点P到直线ax+by+3=0的距离为413136.已知点P在直线3x+y-5=0上,且点P到直线x-y-1=0的距离为2,则点P 的坐标为________.7.已知两条平行直线3x+4y-6=0和3x+4y+a=0之间的距离等于2,则实数a的值为________.8.已知△ABC三个顶点是A(-1,4),B(-2,-1),C(2,3).(1)求BC边上的垂直平分线的直线方程;(2)求点A到BC边所在直线的距离.[提能力]9.(多选)与直线l:3x-4y-1=0平行且到直线l的距离为2的直线方程是()A.3x-4y-11=0B.3x-4y+9=0C.3x-4y+11=0D.3x-4y-9=010.若直线y=2x,x-y=1,mx+ny+3=0相交于同一点,则点(m,n)到原点的距离的最小值为()A.233B.5C.53D.35511.设直线l1:(m+1)x-(m-3)y-8=0(m∈R),则直线l1恒过定点________;若过原点作直线l2∥l1,则当直线l1与l2的距离最大时,直线l2的方程为________.12.已知直线l的方程为x+my-m-3=0.点P的坐标为(2,0).(1)证明:直线l一定经过第一象限;(2)设直线l与x轴、y轴分别交于A,B两点,当点P到直线l的距离取得最大值时,求△PAB的面积.[培优生]13.已知平面内一点M(3,4),若直线l上存在点P,使|PM|=2,则称该直线为点M(3,4)的“2域直线”,下列直线中不是点M(3,4)的“2域直线”的是()A.4x-3y=0B.y=2C.x-4y=0D.x=5答案解析1.解析:点A (3,-7)到直线x +y =0的距离d =|3-7|2=22.答案:D2.解析:由题意得|a -2+3|1+1=1.∴|a +1|=2,a +1=±2.解得a =-1+2或a =-1-2.∵a >0,∴a =-1+2.答案:C3.解析:由题意得:∵直线l 1:x -2y -10=0,l 2:2x -4y +310=0,∴k 1=12,k 2=24=12,两直线为平行直线,直线l 1:x -2y -10=0⇔l 1:2x -4y -210=0,两平行直线之间的距离为d =|310-(-210)|4+16=522.答案:A4.解析:x -y +1=0x +y -6=0,=1=4,又直线斜率为1,∴直线l 的方程为y =x +3,即x -y +3=0,∴原点到直线l 的距离为|0-0+3|2=322.答案:A5.解析:=2+b +a =0,解得a =-3,b =2,故A 、B 正确,∴(1,2)到直线-3x +2y +3=0的距离d =|-3+4+3|(-3)2+22=41313,故C 错误,D 正确.答案:ABD6.解析:设点P 的坐标为(a ,5-3a ),由题意得|a -(5-3a )-1|12+(-1)2=2,解得a =1或2,所以点P 的坐标为(1,2)或(2,-1).答案:(1,2)或(2,-1)7.解析:∵3x +4y -6=0和3x +4y +a =0之间的距离等于2,∴d =|a +6|32+42=2,解得a =4或-16.答案:4或-168.解析:(1)∵B(-2,-1),C(2,3),∴k BC=3+12+2=1,则所求直线的斜率为:k=-1,又BC的中点D的坐标为(0,1),所以BC边上的中垂线所在的直线方程为:x+y-1=0;(2)直线BC的方程为:y+1=x+2,即x-y+1=0,则点A(-1,4)到直线BC:x-y+1=0的距离为:d=|-1-4+1|2=22.9.解析:设所求直线方程为3x-4y+m=0,由题意得|m-(-1)|32+(-4)2=2,解得m=9或-11.答案:AB10.解析:=2x-y=1,=-1=-2,所以直线的交点为(-1,-2),因为交点(-1,-2)在直线mx+ny+3=0上,所以m+2n-3=0,所以点(m,n)到原点的距离的最小值为d=|-3|12+22=355.答案:D11.解析:∵直线l1:(m+1)x-(m-3)y-8=0(m∈R),化为:m(x-y)+(x+3y-8)=0,-y=0+3y-8=0,解得x=y=2,则直线l1恒过定点(2,2);过原点作直线l2∥l1,可设l2方程为:(m+1)x-(m-3)y=0,则经过两点(0,0)与(2,2)的直线方程为:y=x.则当直线l1与l2的距离最大时,l2与直线y=x垂直.直线l2的方程为x+y=0.答案:(2,2)x+y=012.解析:(1)直线l:x+my-m-3=0,整理可得:x-3+m(y-1)=0,∴直线恒过x-3=0和y-1=0的交点,即直线恒过定点(3,1)在第一象限,∴直线l一定经过第一象限;(2)由(1)可得:直线恒过定点M(3,1),当PM与l垂直时,P到直线的距离最大,为|PM|=(3-2)2+12=2,又k PM=1-03-2=1,故直线l的斜率为-1,即-1m=-1,可得m=1,直线l的方程为:x+y-4=0,令y=0得:x=4;令x=0得:y=4,即A(4,0),B(0,4),∴|AB|=42+42=42,∴S△P AB=12·|AB|·|PM|=12×42×2=4.13.解析:A :M 到直线的距离为d =05=0<2,故直线存在P 使|PM |=2,符合“2域直线”;B :M 到直线的距离为d =2,故直线存在P 使|PM |=2,符合“2域直线”;C :M 到直线的距离为d =|3-4×4|17=1317>2,故直线不存在P 使|PM |=2,不符合“2域直线”;D :M 到直线的距离为d =2,故直线存在P 使|PM |=2,符合“2域直线”.答案:C。
高中英语必修三课时作业(十七) Unit 5 Canada—“The True North”Section ⅠWarming Up & Reading—Prereading(本栏目内容,在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订!) Ⅰ.完形填空I was on my way to the library to study for history class.Tha t’s when I saw my friend and her __1__knocking on doors.As I was standing outside one house,my frien d’s brother walked__2__me and went to the door of the house.When the hostess__3__ the door,I heard him say,“Excuse me.Hi!I am raising money for my __4__.She needs to have a(n) __5__,but we do n’t have enough money.Could you please help with a donation (捐赠)?” The__6__gave him some coins and he said,“Thank you so much!God bless you.”__7__,he walked on to the next house.I could see he did n’t __8__much money.Instead of going to the__9__ I went to the bank.I told the bank teller (银行出纳员) that I wanted to withdraw (提取) all my__10__ .She said to me,“But,sweetie,what are you going to do with it?I__11__you were going to use that money to get into university.”I told her something else__12__and it was needed for a better cause,so she gave me the money.Then I walked to my frien d’s house.They had only__13__nine hundred and sixtytwo dollars,which was n’t__14__ a quarter of what they needed.I told my friend to __15__ my money.When she saw it,she__16__ right away it was my money for university.The idea of going to university had been a very__17__one for me,but she needed the money more than I __18__.Now her mom will be having the operation in the__19__ two days.As her friend,I truly__20__all goes well with her family.语篇解读在去图书馆的路上,作者看到朋友及其弟弟为母亲手术募捐,便改道到银行取出自己所有的学费捐给了朋友。
爱心无限,行动可嘉。
1.A.classmate B.cousinC.friend D.brother解析:从第二段“my frien d’s brother walked”可知是作者的朋友和朋友的弟弟。
答案: D2.A.to B.pastC.along D.with解析:由后面的“and went to the door of the house”可知“我”朋友的弟弟从“我”身边走过(past),走到了房子的门口,故选B项。
答案: B3.A.answered B.cleanedC.closed D.offered解析:此处表示女主人应门,故选A项。
answer the door表示“应门”。
答案: A4.A.dad B.sisterC.mom D.teacher解析:根据最后一段中的“Now her mom will be having the operation”可知C项正确。
答案: C5.cation B.universityC.job D.operation解析:根据最后一段中的“Now her mom will be having the operation”可知D项正确。
operation意思是“手术”。
答案: D6.A.boy B.ladyC.man D.doctor解析:根据上文“When the hostess ________ the door,I heard him say”可知是女主人应的门,故B项正确。
答案: B7.A.Then B.BesidesC.Thus D.However解析:此处表示作者的弟弟继续挨家挨户募集资金,故选A项。
答案: A8.A.discover B.borrowC.get D.record解析:从上文“The ________ gave him some coins”可知“我”可以看得出他并没有得到很多钱。
答案: C9.A.house B.hospitalC.library D.class解析:根据文章第一句“I was on my way to the library to study for history class”可知作者起初想去图书馆。
答案: C10.rmation B.moneyC.books D.ideas解析:根据下文“you were going to use that money to get into university”可知作者想取回钱。
答案: B11.A.thought B.saidC.reminded D.feared解析:“我”本以为你将用这笔钱去上大学。
thought在此处表示“本以为”。
答案: A12.A.looked up B.picked upC.broke up D.came up解析:come up此处表示“出现”。
作者告诉银行出纳员出现了其他情况。
答案: D13.A.raised B.savedC.spent D.lost解析:根据上文“I am raising money for my...”可知他们只募集到了962美元,故A项正确。
答案: A14.A.only B.evenC.never D.quite解析:根据上下文可知所募集的钱非常少,故用even (甚至)。
答案: B15.A.lend B.takeC.leave D.earn解析:此处take表示“接受、领受或收到(某物)”,符合句意。
答案: B16.A.realized B.recognizedC.forgot D.replied解析:根据上下文可知作者的朋友当时“意识到”这些是作者用来读大学的钱。
答案: A17.A.boring B.surprisingC.worrying D.exciting解析:根据本句中的“but”可知作者也认为上大学是“令人激动的”事。
答案: D18.A.made B.hadC.did D.caught解析:did在此用来代替上文所提到的“needed”。
答案: C19.A.whole B.everyC.last D.next解析:根据上文“her mom will be having the operation”可知应该是将来的时间,故选D 项。
答案: D20.A.find B.hopeC.enjoy D.hate解析:根据上文可知作者朋友的母亲要做手术,作为朋友,作者应当是真诚地祝福,“希望”朋友的家人一切都好。
答案: BⅡ.阅读理解Charles sat in the dining room with five other students,waiting for Ms Swanson to interview all of them.Ms Swanson,the s eventhgrade science teacher,was looking for a lab helper.Charle s’s hands were sweaty and his face felt hot.He wondered if his face was red—and if anyone would notice.As he prepared for his interview,Charles reviewed a set of cards with notes that he had made earlier.On the cards,he had written answers to questions that Ms Swanson might ask and some lab requirements.“The emergency (紧急状况) eyewash station is not a place to get a drink of water,” he quietly read from one card.“Put on your lab coat or yo u’l l not be allowed into the school science lab.Have strong shoes to protect your feet from broken glass,” he continued to read from another card.Looking up,Charles decided to check out the other candidates.Nearby,a girl with dark red hair was putting her own set of cards in order.He watched as she tore a card into tiny pieces and put the pieces into a pocket.Suddenly she looked up atCharles.“Are you nervous?”she asked.“No,I’m not nervous—not at all,” Charles said.“What about you?”“Uh,no,me neither,” the girl answered.At that moment,Ms Swanson appeared.“Charles Locke?” she called out.语篇解读本文是记叙文。