华师《综合英语（3）》在线作业一、阅读理解（共10 道试题，共100 分。
）1.Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd president of the United States, was from a wealthy, well-known family. As a child, he attended private school, had private tutors, and traveled with his parents to Europe. He attended Harvard University, and afterward studied law. At age 39 Roosevelt suddenly developed polio, a disease that left him without the full use of his legs for the rest of his life. Even through the worst of his illness, however, he continued his life in politics. In 1924 he appeared at the Democratic National Convention to nominate Al Smith for president, and eight years after that he himself was nominated for the same office. Roosevelt was elected to the presidency during the Great Depression of the 1930s, at a time when more than 5,000 banks had failed and thousands of people were out of work. Roosevelt took action. First he declared a bank holiday that closed all the banks so no more could fail; then he reopened the banks little by little with government support. Roosevelt believed in using the full power of government to help what he called the “ forgotten people”. And it was these workers, the wage earners, who felt the strongest affection toward Roosevelt. There were others, however, who felt that Roosevelt’s policies were destroying the American system of government, and they opposed him in the same intense way that others admired him.In 1940 the Democrats nominated Roosevelt for an unprecedented third term. No president in American history had ever served three terms, but Roosevelt felt an obligation not to quit while the United States’ entry into World War II was looming in the future. He accepted the nomination and went on to an easy victory.1). What does the passage mainly discuss?A. pol itical aspects of Roosevelt’s lifeB.problems during the Great DepressionC. Roosevelt’s upbringingD.criticisms of Roosevelt’s actions正确答案：2). As used in line 10, the phrase “little by little” means that RooseveltA.opened the smaller banks firstB. opened the banks for minimal servicesC.opened the banks a few at a timeD.opened the bank for a short time正确答案：3). Which of the following statements in NOT mentioned in the passage?A.Roosevelt was elected during the Great DepressionB.Roosevelt voted for Al SmithC.Roosevelt had difficulty walking during his presidencyD. Roosevelt supported strong government正确答案：4). The word “affection” as used in line 12 could best be replaced by which of the following?A.fascinationB. fondnessC.lureD.appeal正确答案：5). The word “unprecedented” in line 15 could best be replaced byA.unimportantB. unheard ofC.unjustifiedD. unhampered正确答案：2.A pilot cannot fly a plane by sight alone. In many conditions, such as flying at night and landing in dense fog, a pilot must use radar, an alternative way of navigating. Since human eyes are not very good at determining speeds of approaching objects, radar can show a pilot how fast nearby planes are moving. The basic principle of radar is exemplified by what happens when one shouts in a cave. The echo of the sounds against the wall helps a person determine the size of the cave. With radar, however, the waves are radio waves instead of sound waves. Radio waves travel at the speed of light, about 300,000 kilometers in one second. A radar set sends out a short burst of radion waves. Then it receives the echoes produced when the waves bounce off objects. By determining the time it takes for the echoes to return to the radar set, a trained technician can determine the distance between the radar set and other objects. The word “radar”, in fact, gets its name from the term “radio detection and ranging”. “ranging” is the term for detection of the distance between an object and the radar set. Besides being of critical importance to pilots, radar isessential for air traffic control, tracking weather systems and storms.1). What is the main topic of this passage?A.the nature of radarB.types of rangingC. alternatives to radarD.history of radar正确答案：2). Which of the following words best describes the tone of this passage?A.argumentativeB.imaginativeC.explanatoryD.humorous正确答案：3). The word “it” in line7 refers to which of the following?A.a radar setB. a short burstC.a radion waveD.light正确答案：4). What might be inferred about radar?A. It takes the place of a radioB.It gave birth to the invention of the airplaneC.It developed from a study of sound waves.D.It has improved navigational safety.正确答案：5). According to the passage, what can radar detect besides location of objects?A.sizeB. weightC.speedD.shape正确答案：3.Some doctors write neatly and clearly, but most doctors do not. They write very quickly and untidily. Druggists have lots of practice in reading doctor’s notes, but some times doctors write so badly that even the druggist cannot read them.One day a lady wrote a letter to a doctor inviting him to have dinner at her house. The doctor wrote a reply, but he wrote so carelessly that the lady could not read it.“What shall I do?” she said to her husband anxiously. “I don’t know if he is going to come or not. And I don’t want to phone him and say that I can’t read his writing.”Her husband frowned thoughtfully. Then he had an idea.“Take it to the druggist,” he said. “He will be able to read it easily.”“Thank you,” said the wife gratefully. “That’s a very good idea.”She went to the drugstore and gave the doctor’s note to the druggist. The druggist looked at it very carefully. Then he got his glasses and looked at the note more closely.“Could you wait a moment, Madam?” he said politely. He went to the back of his store. After a few minutes he returned, smiling cheerfully and carrying a large bottle. He gave the bottle to the lady.“Take one spoonful before every meal.” he said.1). Most of the notes written by doctors are______.A. neatB.badC. easy to readD.hard to read正确答案：2). The doctor in the story wrote a note to the lady to______.A.answer her letterB. reject her invitationC. accept her invitationD.have dinner at her house正确答案：3). The lady took the note to the druggist because______.A.She was sick.B.She couldn’t read it.C. Her husband needed some medicine.D.Her husband was anxious to know its content.正确答案：4). Who suggested that the lady take the note to the druggist?A.the doctorB. the druggistC.the lady’s husbandD.the lady herserf正确答案：5). The druggist______.A. read the note easilyB. read the note correctlyC.did not give the right medicineD. thought the note was a prescription正确答案：4.Langston Hughes was one of the greatest American writers of the twentieth century. He was born in Joplin, Missouri, and moved to Cleveland at the age of fourteen. Several years later he spent one year in Mexico before attending Columbia University in New York. For a few years after that he roamed the world as a seaman, visiting ports around the world and writing some poetry. He returned to the United States and attended Lincoln University, where he won the Witter Bynner Prize for undergraduate poetry. After graduating in 1928, he traveled to Spain and to Russia with the help of a Guggenhein fellowship. His novel include Not Without Laughter(1930) and The Big Sea(1940). He wrote an autobiography in 1956 and also published several collections of poetry. The collections include The Weary Blues(1926), The Dream Keeper(1932), Shakespeare in Harlem(1942), Fields of Wonder(1947), One way Ticket(1947), and Selected Poems(1959). A man of many talents, Hughes was also a lyricist, and a journalist. As an older man in the 1960s he spent much of his time collecting poems from Africa and from African-Americans to popularize black writers. Hughes is one of the most accomplished writers in American literary history, and he is seen as one of the artistic leaders of the Harlem Renaissance, the period when a neighborhood that was predominantly black produced a flood of great literature, music, and other art forms depicting daily city life for African-Americans.1). What is the main topic of this passage?A. the life of Langston HughesB.the Harlem RenaissanceC.African-American writersD. American twentieth-century writers正确答案：2). Where was Langston Hughes born?A. SpainB. New YorkC.MissouriD.North Carolina正确答案：3). The word “talents” in line 10 could be replaced by which of the following?A.desiresB.abilitiesC.strategiesD.careers正确答案：4). According to the passage, Langston Hughes was all of the following EXCEPTA.novelistB. poetC. historianD.journalist正确答案：5). What provided Hughes with assistance for his travel to Spain and Russia?A.his job as a reporterB.his career as a soldierC.a literary fellowshipD.a college study program正确答案：5.About 200 million years ago, as the Triassic Period came to a close, many species of animals disappeared from the face of the Earth. Scientists previously believed that the series of extinctions happened over a period of 15 to 20 million years. Recent discoveries in Nova Scotia suggest, however, that the extinctions may have happened over a much shorter period of time, perhaps less than 850,000 years.Evidence for a rapid extinction of species at the enc of the Triassic Period is found in the McCoy Brook Formation along the Bay of Fundy in Nova Scotia. Fossils found in this formation indicate a rapid disappearance of species rather than a slow and gradual change over time. One explanation for a relatively sudden extinction at the end of the Triassic may be that a large meteorite struck the earth at the time and is responsible for a 70-kilometer hole nearby. If geologists and other researches can find evidence, such as shocked quartz in the rock formations, that a meteorite did strike the earth, it would give more credence to the theory of rapid Triassic extinctions. It is possible, however, that even if a rapid extinction happened in and around Nova Sctia, it didn’t necessarily occur in the rest of the world.1). What is the main topic of this passage?A.the disappearance of animal species at the end of the Trassic PeriodB.evidence of a relatively sudden extinction of speciesC.the possibility of an extinction happening simultaneously throughout the worldD.a meteorite hole in the Bay of Fundy in Nova Scotia正确答案：2). Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “ relatively” in line7?A. comparativelyB.independentlyC.phenomenallyD.visibly正确答案：3). Which of the following best describes the author’s tone?A.aggressiveB.explanatoryC.apologeticD.cynical正确答案：4). Which of the following could best replace the word “struck” as used in line8?A.affectedB.discoveredC.devastatedD.hit正确答案：5). All of the following were mentioned in the passage EXCEPTA.the extinction of late Trassic animalsB. the duration of time for the extinctionC. a large meteorite hitting the Earth 10 million years agoD.the use of types of rock in scientific research正确答案：6.Alzheimer’s disease impairs a person’s ability to recall memories, both distant and as recent as a few hours before. Although there is not yet a cure for the illness, there may be hope for a cure with a protein called nerve growth factor. The protein is produced by nerve cells in the same region of the brain where Alzheim er’s occurs. Based on this relationship, scientists from the University of Lund in Sweden and the University of California at San Diego designed an experiment to test whether doses of nerve growth factor could reverse the effects of memory loss caused by A lzheimer’s. Using a group of rats with impaired memory, the scientists gave half of the rats doses of nerve growth factor while giving the other half a blood protein as a placebo, thus creating a control group. At the end of the four-week test, the rats given the nerve growth factor performed equally to rats with normal memory abilities. While the experiments do not show that nerve growth factor can stop the general process of deterioration caused by Alzheimer’s, they do show potential as a means to slowing the process significantly.1). With what topic is this passage mainly concerned?A. impaired memory of patientsB. cures for Alzheimer’s diseaseC.the use of rats as experimental subjectsD.nerve growth factor as a cure for Alzheimer’s正确答案：2). According to the passage, where is nerve growth factor produced in the body?A.in nerve cells in the spinal columnB. in red blood cells in the circulatory systemC.in nerve cells in the brainD.in the pituitary gland正确答案：3). Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A.Alzheimer’s disease is deadlyB. Though unsuccessful, the experiments did show some benefits derived from nerve growth factor.C. the experiments did not show any significant benefits from nerve growth factorD.more work needs to be done to understand the effects of nerve growth factor正确答案：4). Which of the following could best replace the world “potential” in line 11?A.possibilityB.capabilityC. dependabilityD.creativity正确答案：5). The passage most closely resembles which of the following patterns of organization?A.chronological orderB.statement and illustrationC. cause and effectD.alphabetical order正确答案：7.Martin Luther King, Jr., is well known for his work in civil rights and for his many famous speeches. Among them his moving “I have a dream” speech. But fe wer people know much about King’s childhood. M. L., as he was called, was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia, at the home of his maternal grandfather. M. L.’s grandfather, the Reverend A.D. Williams, purchased their home on Auburn Avenue in 1909. twenty years before M.L. was born. The Reverend Williams, an eloquent speaker, played an important role in the community since so many people’s lives centered around the church. He allowed his church and his home to be used as a meeting place for a number of organizations dedicated to the education and social advancement of blacks. M.L. grew up in this atmosphere, with his home being used as a community gathering place, and was no doubt influenced by it.M.L.’s childhood was not especially eventful. His father was a m inister and his mother was a musician. He was the second of three children, and he attended all-black schools in a black neighborhood. The neighborhood was not poor, however. Auburn Avenue was the main artery through a prosperous neighborhood that had come to symbolize achievement for Atlanta’s blackpeople. It was an area of banks, insurance companies, builders, jewelers, tailors, doctors, lawyers, and other black-owned of black-operated businesses and services. Even in the face of Atlanta’s segregation, the distinct thrived. Dr. King never forgot the community spirit he had known as a child, nor did he forget the racial prejudice that was a seemingly insurmountable barrier that kept black Atlantans from mingling with whites.1). What is this passage mainly about?A.the prejudice that existed in AtlantaB.Martin Luther King’s childhoodC.M.L.’s grandfatherD.the neighborhood King grew up正确答案：2). According to the author, King was influenced byA.community spiritB.black lawyersC.his motherD.his speeches正确答案：3). As used in line10, the word “eventful” is closest in meaning to which of the following?A. valuedB. memorableC.admirableD. emotional正确答案：4). According to the author, M.L.A.had a difficult childhoodB.was a good musician as a childC.loved to listen to his grandfather speakD.grew up in a relatively rich area of Atlanta正确答案：5). According to the author, blacks in King’s neighborhood were involved in all the followingbusiness and services EXCEPTA.dentistryB. medicineC. lawD.banking正确答案：8.After two decades of growing student enrollments and economic prosperity, business schools in the United States have started to face harder times. Only Harvard’s MBA School has shown a substantial increase in enrollment in recent years. Both Princeton and Stanford have seen decreases in their enrollments. Since 1990, the number of people receiving Masters in Business Administration (MBA) degrees, has dropped about 3 percent to 75,000 and the trend of lower enrollment rates is expected to continue.There are two factors causing this decrease in students seeking an MBA degree. The first one is that many graduates of four-year colleges are finding that an MBA degree does not guarantee a plush job on Wall Street, or in other financial districts of major American cities. Many of the entry-level management jobs are going to students graduating with Master of Arts degrees in English and the humanities as well as those holding MBA degrees. Students have asked the que stion, “Is an MBA degree really what I need to be best prepared for getting a good job?” The second major factor has been the cutting of American payrolls and the lower number of entry-level jobs being offered. Business needs are changing, and MBA schools are struggling to meet the new demands.1). What is the main focus of this passage?A. jobs on Wall StreetB. types of graduate degreeC.changes in enrollment for MBA schoolsD.how schools are changing to reflect the economy正确答案：2). Which of the following business schools has NOT shown a decrease in enrollment?A.PrincetonB.HarvardC.StanfordD.Yale正确答案：3). According to the passage, what are two causes of declining business school enrollments ?A.lack of necessity for an MBA and an economic recessionB.low salary and foreign competitionC. fewer MBA schools and fewer entry-level jobsD.declining population and economic prosperity正确答案：4). As used in line7, the word “ seeking” could best be replaced by which of the following?A.examiningB. avoidingC.seizingD.pursing正确答案：5). Which of the following might be the topic of the next paragraph?A. MBA schools efforts to changeB. future economic predictionsC.a history of the recent economic changesD.descriptions of non-MBA graduate programs正确答案：9.Do you have trouble sleeping at night? Then maybe this is for you.When you worry about needing sleep and twist around trying to find a comfortable position, you’re probably only making it more difficult to relax.You may also have some bad habits that contribute to the problem. Do you rest frequently during the day? Do you think about sleeping a lot, or sleeping late on weekends? Any or all of these factors might be leading to your insomnia by disrupting your body’s natural r hythms.What should you do then on those sleepless nights? Don’t bother with sleeping pills; they can actually cause worse insomnia later. The best thing to do is to drink milk or eat cheese or tuna fish. They are all rich in an amino acid that helps produce in the brain a neurotransmitter that induces sleep. This neurotransmitter will help you relax, and you’ll be on the way to getting a good night’s sleep.1). What is the purpose of the article?A. to make recommendation on sensible dieting.B. to report the latest advances in brain surgery.C.to relate an experiment combining sleep and exercise.D.to advise on ways of dealing with sleep difficulties.正确答案：2). According to the writer, what happens when you turn and twist to get comfortable?A. Your heart rate is lowered.B.It becomes harder to relax.C. You become too tired to sleep.D.Sleep rhythms are disrupted.正确答案：3). According to the author, what sometimes causes people to have trouble sleeping?A.Failure to rest during the day.B. Lack of sleep on weekends.C. Vigorous exercise in the evening.D.Eating cheese before going to bed.正确答案：4). What does the writer say about sleeping pills?A.They might eventually cause you to lose sleep.B. They help produce a neurotransmitter in the brain.C.You must not drink milk if you take them.D.They make it unnecessary to take naps.正确答案：5). Which of the following is not a bad habit that contributes to insomnia?A.Sleeping a lot on weekends.B.Lack of exercise.C. Drinking milk.D.Taking sleeping pills.正确答案：10.Carbohydrates, which are sugars, are an essential part of a healthy diet. They provided the main source of energy for the body, and they also function to flavor and sweeten foods. Carbohydrates range from simple sugars like glucose to complex sugars such as amylose and amylopection. Nutritionists estimate that carbohydrates should make up about one-fourth to one-fifth of a p erson’s diet. This translates to about 75-100 grams of carbohydrates per day.A diet that is deficient in carbohydrates can have an adverse effect on a person’s health. When the body lacks a sufficient amount of carbohydrates it must then use its protein supplies for energy, a process called gluconeogenesis. This, however, results in a lack of necessary protein, and further health difficulties may occur. A lack of carbohydrates can also lead to ketosis, a build-up of ketones in the body that causes fatigue, lethargy and bad breath.1). What’s the main idea of this passage?A.carbohydrates are needed for good healthB. carbohydrates prevent a build-up of proteins.C.carbohydrates can lead to ketosisD.carbohydrates are an expendable part of a good diet正确答案：2). According to the passage, which of the following does NOT describe carbohydrates?A.a protein supplyB.a necessityC.a range of sugarsD.an energy source正确答案：3). The word “lack” in line9 is most similar to which of the following?A.plethoraB.shortageC.derivationD.commission正确答案：4). Which of the following best describe the author’s tone?A.sensitiveB. emotionalC. informativeD.regretful正确答案：5). Which of the following best describes the organization of this passage?A.cause and resultB. comparison and contrastC.specific to generalD.definition and example正确答案：。
