上海新世纪英语高一年级第一单元重点归纳
本讲义包括：1）每一课文翻译，粗体及划线部分是重要词组（必考点），绿色及
句前有@是重点句子，翻译和写作时用到。
2）重点词组例题讲解
3）基础语法：（初三衔接高中）
4）重点语法
5）Additional Reading的讲解词汇
1. People from all walks of life
@When a person grows up, he will take up different occupations in various work places. A society is thus made up of all walks of life. What kind of person do you want to be in the future? The following introductions may give you some idea.
TEACHER Teachers are professionals. They work in schools, colleges, universities and other educational institutions. They try their best to help students gain（get）new knowledge and become useful people in society. @Teachers are involved in many tasks, such as explaining lessons, giving homework and correcting papers.At the end of every term, they mark test papers and give grades to their students. Actually teachers do more. Often their impact on students stays all through their lives.
SURGEON Surgeons, like teachers, are also professionals. As a special group of doctors, surgeons operate on sick people and repair the organs that no longer work properly. Hospitals are their work places. After an operation, a surgeon takes care of the patient’s medical treatment until he gets well. The skills of a surgeon sometimes mean the differences between life and death.
SECRETARY A secretary works in an office. The job of a secretary often involves writing letters, answering telephone calls, and receiving people. A secretary stores information on a computer and puts papers in good order in file cabinets. As a link between the boss and the visitors, a secretary also helps the boss work out plans and timetables. @Traditionally, more girls than boys work as secretaries.
FASHION MODEL Fashion models wear the latest styles of clothes and show them to us through television, newspapers and magazines. Fashion show programmes usually have a large audience. @The clothes and hairstyles of fashion models may seem strange to the elderly, but a large number of young people enjoy following trends and want to be dressed like the models. They collect fashion pictures and admire those superstars of the catwalk.
@Would you like to be one of the people introduced here? What do you want to do in the future?
Word study:
1. occupation ( n. ) 职业；占领
e.g. What is your occupation?
e.g. The country is under enemy’s occupation．这个国家被敌人所占领。
occupy ( vt. ) 占据；占用(时间，空间)
e.g. The army occupied the enemy’s capital．军队占领了敌人的首府。
e.g. The speech will occupy three hours or so．
2. take up sth．/doing sth．(Pars．1)
A. 开始从事(于) e.g.(1) When did you take up basketball? 你什么时候开始打篮球的?(指从事这一项运动)
e.g. (2)He was forced to take up the trade of shoemaker．他不得不开始从事制鞋贸易。
B. 占用(时间或空间)：
e.g. 1)Copying these letters took up the whole day．抄写这些信件占用了一整天的时间。
e.g. 2)He has a very small room and most of the space is taken up by a grand piano．Translation:
1).那七个箱子在Sharon的办公室里占据了太多的空间。
Those seven boxes take up too much space in Sharon’s office.
2).为了打发在乡下的时间，他养成了钓鱼的爱好。
To kill time in the countryside，he takes up a hobby of fishing/takes up fishing as a hobby).
3. various (adj.)各式各样的；许多的
e.g. There are various ways to cook eggs．烹调鸡蛋有许多方法。
e.g. He has acquired various branches of knowledge in university．在大学里他学到了多门学科的知识。
variety (n.) 变化；种类
e.g. My job lacks variety and I am doing the same work every day．我的工作缺乏变化，整天在做同样的事
e.g. There are different varieties of flowers in the garden．花园里有不同种类的花。
a (great，wide，large) variety of =all kinds of 各种各样的
e.g. The supermarket provides a large variety of products．这家超市出售各种各样的商品。
4. be made up of 由……组成
e.g. Our class is made up of 40 students．我们班由四十位学生组成
•be made of由……制成(看得出原材料)
e.g. The statue is made of bronze．雕像是青铜做的。
•be made from由……制成(看不出原材料)
e.g. Paper is made from wood．纸张是由木材做的。
•be made into被制成……
e.g. Bamboo can be made into furniture．竹子可以做成家具。
be made up of／be composed/consist (vi. ) of 由…构成：一般可替换，但应注意consist of无被动语态。
e.g. 这个委员会由九名委员组成。
The committee is made up of nine members．
=The committee is composed of nine members．=The committee consists of nine members．
