冠词(教师版)
一、冠词概述
冠词就是虚词,它不能单独使用、只能附在一个名词上说明这个名词、冠词分为不定冠a(an)词与定冠词the、不定冠词一般表示泛指;定冠词一般表示特指、
二、不定冠词a(an)的用法
A、不定冠词a(an)用于单数可数名词前、a用于辅音字母开始的词前;an用于元音字母开始的词前、如:a girl an English book
B、不定冠词用来表示类别,指某一类人或某一类事物中的一个(泛指)、如:
His father is a doctor、He works in a middle school in Beijing、
C、不定冠词用于单数可数名词前,可以表示其全类(泛指)、如:
An English teacher teaches the students how to learn English、
三、定冠词the的用法
①表示上文提到过的人或事物、
如:He bought an English-Chinese dictionary this morning、The dictionary is very good、
②用于单数可数名词前,表示整体或类别、
如:The panda is a rare animal、
此句等于:A panda is a rare animal、= Pandas are rare animals、
③用来表示世界上独一无二的事物、
如:the sun, the moon, the sky, the earth, the world
④用于表示阶级,党派的名词前、
如:the Chinese Communist Party , the working class the proletariat 无产阶级
⑤常用于含有普通名词或形容词的专有名词前、
A、用于许多江海,山脉,群岛等名词前:
The Yellow River The East Sea the Himalayas the Pacific Ocean
B、用于由普通名词构成的国名:
The People's Republic of China the United States
C、用于机关,团体,朝代,时代,报刊杂志等名词前:
the United Nations the State Council the Tang dynasty the People's Daily
the Summer Palace the Peace Hotel the British Museum
⑥用于表示方位的名词前、
如:the east the southwest the middle the Far East on the left
⑦用于乐器名词前,但汉语拼音的乐器前不用冠词、
如:play the piano play the violin play erhu
⑧用于复数的姓氏前,表示"两夫妇"或"全家",在此情况下,这类名词作复数对待、如:When we got there, the Lius were waiting for us、
The Smiths watch TV every day、
⑨用于某些形容词或过去分词前,表示一类人或事物、
如:the poor the rich the living the young
the wounded the oppressed the beautiful
⑩用在形容词的最高级前或序数词前、
如:Shanghai is the biggest city in china、
After the game, the first thing they wanted to do was to take a hot bath、
四、零冠词用法
①表示某一类人或事物的复数名词前,不用冠词、
Now people are living a happy life、Trees are planted everywhere、
②不含普通名词的专有名词,表示泛指的物质名词与抽象名词前,不用冠词、We are studying English、He is leaving for America this year、
It is pleasant to walk in soft snow、Love is always stronger than hatred、
③名词前有指示代词,物主代词,不定代词或名词所有格修饰,不用冠词、I like this picture better、Is that your book
Take their chairs away! I do not have any money on me、
As time went on, Einstein's theory proved to be correct、
④季节,月份,星期等名词前,一般不用冠词、
She likes spring while I like summer、We have no classes on Saturday、
The Long March started in October 1934、
⑤表示只有一人担任的职务,头衔的名词前,不用冠词、
We have elected him our monitor、
⑥三餐饭的名词前,一般不用冠词、
When do you have lunch After supper we usually take a walk、
⑦节假日等名词前,不用冠词、
Children all wear their best clothes on National Day、
People give gifts to each other on Christmas Day、
注意:在eve后有of短语则要加定冠词:
on the eve of National Day on the eve of New Year's Day
⑧球类与棋类运动的名词前,不用冠词、
play basketball play chess
⑨作表语用表示程度的形容词最高级前,不用冠词、
第2/3页Your help was most timely、This method is most effective、
注意:如果有比较范围,形容词最高级前必须加定冠词:
Of all methods, this is the most effective、
⑩在某些固定词组里,名词前不用冠词、
on foot by train/ boat / plane… in fact as a matter of fact
in class in church in danger in hospital in town
in bed at home at school at daybreak at sunrise
