ANSI AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD INSTITUTE 美国国家标准委员会.

• Industrial Safety Products •21IntroductionIV - American regulations and standardsToday, both CSA and UL's testing and certification roles have expanded to cover both Canada and the USA. CSA is now recognized by the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) as a Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory (NRTL). This means that they can now test and certify products to U.S. as well as Canadian standards. There are three different CSA marks:For Canada onlyFor US onlyFor both USand CanadaHoneywell products that carry the CSA NRTL/C or CULus mark are approved and recognized for use throughout the US as well as Canada.For Canada onlyFor bothUS and CanadaUL has similar marks as well.Control ReliabilityControl reliability information can be found in documents published by the American National Stan-dards Institute (ANSI) and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). ANSI is an insti-tute that provides industry guidance through their published machinery standards. OSHA is a US government agency responsible for labor regulations. Additional information about ANSI and OSHA is described later in this section. These organizations have provided the following defini-tions for control reliability.“Control Reliability ” means that, “the device, system or interface shall be designed, constructed and installed such that a single component failure within the device, interface or system shall not prevent normal stopping action from taking place but shall prevent a successive machine cycle.”(ANSI B11.19-1990, 5.5)In addition, OSHA 29 CFR 1910.217 states that, “the control system shall be constructed so that a failure within the system does not prevent the normal stopping action from being applied to the press when required, but does prevent initiation of a successive stroke until the failure is corrected. The failure shall be detectable by a simple test, or indicated by the control system.”The health and safety of American workers is a serious topic. Agencies like OSHA and ANSI have published regulations and standards related to the safe operation of industrial equipment. OSHA document 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), parts 1900 to 1910, sets the rules that need to be followed for a safe industrial environment. This publication also refers to the ANSI B11 standards for specificindustrial machinery. These standards are more likely to include state-of-the-art information than an applicable OSHA standard.The word “shall ” found in US standards and regulations is equivalent to “must ” and indicates a mandatory condition.The requirements of 29 CFR 1910.212 are applicable to all industrial machinery .Paragraph (a) (1), requires that employees beU LCUS STEDLI ®Introduction22• Industrial Safety Products •protected from the hazards created by point of operation , in-going nip points, and rotating parts.ANSI B11.19, paragraph 2.38 defines the point of operation as, “The location in the machine tool where material is positioned and a process performed.”Protection from machinery applies to either new or existing machinery as stated in ANSI B11.19, in Part 1.3 Applications (Adopted in Feb. 28 1990).“1.3.1 New Safeguarding. The requirements of this standard pertaining to the construction of safeguarding shall be applied to all new safeguarding , as referenced by the other B11machine tool safety standards, to be installed on machine tools in the United States within 12months after the approval date of this standard.”“1.3.2 Existing Safeguarding. Within 48months of the approval date of this standard ,all safeguarding, as referenced by the other B11 machine tool safety standards, installed in the United States on machine tools shall be modified by the employer to the extent required to bring them into conformity with the requirements of this standard .”To protect operators working with industrial machinery, the following safety devices shall be used:“2.15 Device, Safeguarding. A control attach-ment that:(1)Restrains the operator from inadvertently reaching into the hazardous area, or(2)Prevents normal or hazardous operation if any part of an individual ’s body is inadvertently within the hazardous area, or (3)Automatically withdraws the operator ’s hands, if the operator ’s hands are inadvertently within the hazardous area during the hazardous portion of the machine cycle, or(4)Maintains the operator or the operator ’s hands during the hazardous portion of the machine cycle at a safe distance from the hazardous area.” (ANSI B11.19)Honeywell provides electromechanical switches and electronic sensors to protect operators and other employees from industrial machine hazards. When used in accordance with our detailed instructions for use, these products will fulfill one or more of the following requirements:“2.30 Interlocked Barrier Guard. A fixed or movable barrier attached and interlocked in such a manner that the machine tool will not cycle or will not continue to cycle unless the guard itself or its hinged or movable sections enclose the hazardous area.” (ANSI B11.19)“2.39 Presence-sensing Device. A device designed, constructed, and arranged to create a sensing field, area, or plane that will detect the presence of the operator ’s or other ’s hand or other body part and send a signal to stop or prevent hazardous motion of the machine tool.” (ANSI B11.19)Honeywell safety devices are reliable and designed to meet the highest possible level of safety. When selected properly and used in accordance with our detailed instructions for use, these products comply with all the necessary safety standards as mentioned in the following regulation extracts.OSHA 29 CFR 1910.212 Paragraph (a) (3)describes the requirements for safeguarding the point of operation as follows: “The guarding device shall be in conformity with any appropriate standards therefore, or in the absence of applicable specific standards, shall be so designed and constructed as to prevent the operator from having any part of his body in the danger zone during the operating cycle.”Honeywell safety products comply with control reliability requirements as described below:“Control Reliability ” means that, “the device,system or interface shall be designed,constructed and installed such that a single component failure within the device,interface or system shall not prevent normal stopping action from taking place but shall prevent a successive machine cycle .”• Industrial Safety Products •23IntroductionList of Specific ANSI Safety Standards and OSHA Federal Regulations (ANSI B11.19-1990, 5.5)American National Standards On SafetyRequirements for Construction, Care, and Use of Machine Tools, Conveyors StandardsTitleANSI B11.1-1982Mechanical Power Presses ANSI B11.2-1982Hydraulic Power Presses ANSI B11.3-1982Power Press Brakes ANSI B11.4-1983ShearsANSI B11.5-1988Iron Workers ANSI B11.6-1984LathesANSI B11.7-1985Cold Headers and Cold FormersANSI B11.8-1983Drilling, Milling, and Boring Machines ANSI B11.9-1975Grinding Machines ANSI B11.10-1983Metal Sawing Machines ANSI B11.11-1985Gear Cutting MachinesANSI B11.12-1983Roll Forming and Roll Bending MachinesANSI B11.13-1983Single and Multiple Spindle Automatic - Screw/Bar and Chucking MachinesANSI B11.14-1983Coil Slitting Machines/EquipmentANSI B11.15-1984Pipe, Tube, and Shape Bending Machines ANSI B11.17-1982Horizontal Hydraulic Extrusion PressesANSI B11.18-1985Machinery and Machine Systems for the processing of Coiled Strip,Sheet, and PlateANSI B11.19-1990Machine Tools, Safeguarding ANSI B11.20-1991Manufacturing Systems/CellsANSI/RIA 15.06Safety Requirements for Industrial Robots and Robot Systems ANSI B20.1ConveyorsOccupational Safety And Health Federal Regulations RegulationsTitle1910.212General Requirements for all Machines 1910.217Mechanical Power Presses。

methods of measurement to determine the pitch diameter of thread ring gages presents serious difficulties, particularly in securing proper contact pressure when a high degree of precision is required. The usual practice is to fit the ring gage to a master setting plug.When the thread ring gage is of correct lead, angle, and thread form, within close limits, this method is quite satisfactory and represents standard American practice. It is the only method available for small sizes of threads. For the larger sizes, various more or less satisfactory methods have been devised, but none of these have found wide application.用测量法来决定螺纹环规的螺纹中径出现了一些严重的问题, 特别是当要求高精度的时候,还难保证适当的接触压力. 常规的做法是把环规装到一个主定位塞里面. 如果这个螺纹环规的导程,角度正确及牙形在精密的极限范围内,那么这种方法是非常令人满意的, 代表了美国的标准做法. 这也是针对小螺纹的唯一方法. 对于大一点的螺纹, 有各种各样的方法,这些方法或多或少有些可取之处,但是无一能得到应运广泛.Screw Thread Gage Classification.—Screw thread gages are classified by their degree of accuracy, that is, by the amount of tolerance afforded the gage manufacturer and the wear allowance, if any. 螺纹规的分类----螺纹规根据精确程度(也即螺纹规的制造商所能提供的公差范围及磨损留量(如果有这个留量的话) 不同分为不同类别,There are also three classifications according to use: 1) Working gages for controlling production; 2) inspection gages for rejection or acceptance of the finished product; a n d 3) reference gages for determining the accuracy of the working and inspection gages.根据用途的不同有三种分类:1)用来控制生产的生产量规;2)用来判断成品是可以接受还是拒绝的检验量规;3)用来确定生产量规与检验量规的精确性的参考规.American National Standard for Gages and Gaging for Unified Inch Screw ThreadsANSI/ASME B1.2-1983 (R1991).—This standard covers gaging methods for conformance of Unified Screw threads and provides the essential specifications for applicable gages required for unified inch screw threads.美国国家标准对统一英寸螺纹的测定与量规的规定ANSI/ASME B1.2-1983 (R1991).这个标准覆盖了统一螺纹一致性的测量方法并提供了用于统一螺纹的量规的关键规格.The standard includes the following gages for Product Internal Thread:这个标准包括用于产品内螺纹的如下量规.GO Working Thread Plug Gage for inspecting the maximum-material GO functional limit.通规生产量规是用于检查通端的最大实体作用极限.NOT GO (HI) Thread Plug Gage for inspecting the NOT GO (HI) functional diameter limit.止规螺纹塞规是用于检查止端的有效直径极限.Thread Snap Gage—GO Segments or Rolls for inspecting the maximum-material GO functional limit.螺纹卡规---通端是用于检查通端的最大实体作用极限.Thread Snap Gage—NOT GO (HI) Segments or Rolls for inspecting the NOT GO (HI) functional diameter limit.螺纹卡规---止端是检查止端的有效直径极限.Thread Snap Gages—Minimum Material: Pitch Diameter Cone Type and Vee andThread Groove Diameter Type for inspecting the minimum-material limit pitch diameter.螺纹卡规—最小材料:中径为锥形及V形及螺纹为凹槽形的直径,是用于检查最小材料极限的中径.Thread-Setting Solid Ring Gage for setting internal thread indicating and snap gages.螺纹调整实体环规, 是为了调整内螺纹指示规及卡规.Plain Plug, Snap, and Indicating Gages for checking the minor diameter of internal threads.普通塞规, 卡规及指示规是为了检测内螺纹的小直径.Snap and Indicating Gages for checking the major diameter of internal threads.卡规及指示规是为了检查内螺纹的大直径.Functional Indicating Thread Gage for inspecting the maximum-material GO functional limit and size and the NOT GO (HI) functional diameter limit and size.功能指示螺纹规是为了检验通端的最大材料限度及大小及止端的有效直径限度及大小.Minimum-Material Indicating Thread Gage for inspecting the minimum-material limit and size.最小材料指示螺纹规是为了检验最小的材料限度及大小.Indicating Runout Thread Gage for inspecting runout of the minor diameter to pitch diameter. 指示螺纹尾部的螺纹规是为了检验最小直径的螺纹尾部到螺纹中径.In addition to these gages for product internal threads, the Standard also covers differential gaging and such instruments as pitch micrometers, thread-measuring balls, optical comparator and toolmaker's microscope, profile tracing instrument, surface roughness measuring instrument, and roundness measuring equipment.除了这些测量产品内部螺纹的量规之外,这个标准还涉及了不同的测量方法及仪器,如螺距千分尺,测量螺纹的球, 光学比较仪, 精密工具制造者用的显微镜, 剖面扫描图仪, 表面粗糙度测量仪, 及圆度测量仪.The Standard includes the following gages for Product External Thread:这个标准还包含用于产品外部螺纹的下列量规.GO Working Thread Ring Gage for inspecting the maximum-material GO functional limit.通规生产螺纹环规是用于检测通端的最大实体作用极限.NOT GO (LO) Thread Ring Gage for inspecting the NOT GO (LO) functional diameter limit.止规螺纹环规(LO)是用于检测止端的有效直径极限Thread Snap Gage—GO Segments or Rolls for inspecting the maximum-material GO functional limit.螺纹卡规----通端是检查通端的最大实体作用极限.Thread Snap Gage—NOT GO (LO) Segments or Rolls for inspecting the NOT GO (LO) functional diameter limit.螺纹卡规—止端是为了检测止端的作用直径极限.Thread Snap Gages—Cone and Vee Type and Minimum Material Thread Groove Diameter Type for inspecting the minimum-material pitch diameter limit.螺纹卡规—圆锥形及V字形及最小实体的螺纹沟槽直径形, 用于检查螺距直径的最小实体中径极限.Plain Ring and Snap Gages for checking the major diameter. 普通环规与卡规是为了检测大径. Snap Gage for checking the minor diameter. 卡规是用于检测小径Functional Indicating Thread Gage for inspecting the maximum-material GO functional limit and size and the NOT GO (LO) functional diameter limit and size.功能螺纹指示量规是为了检查通端的最大实体极限及尺寸及止端的有效直径极限及尺寸.Minimum-Material Indicating Thread Gage for inspecting the minimum-material limit and size.最小实体螺纹指示量规示用来检测最小实体极限及尺寸.Indicating Runout Gage for inspecting the runout of the major diameter to the pitch diameter.指示螺纹尾部的量规是用来检验大径的螺纹尾部到螺纹中径.W Tolerance Thread-Setting Plug Gage for setting adjustable thread ring gages, checking solid thread ring gages, setting thread snap limit gages, and setting indicating thread gages.W公差的螺纹调整塞规,是用来调整可调螺纹环规, 检查实体螺纹环规,调整螺纹卡住极限的量规及调整指示螺纹量规.Plain Check Plug Gage for Thread Ring Gage for verifying the minor diameter limits of thread ring gages after the thread rings have been properly set with the applicable threadsetting plug gages.用于螺纹环规的普通检查塞规是用来校验螺纹环规在用可调的塞规调整后的小径限度.Indicating Plain Diameter Gage for checking the major diameter.普通直径指示量规是用来检验大径.Indicating Gage for checking the minor diameter.指示规是用来检查小径.In addition to these gages for product external threads, the Standard also covers differential gaging and such instruments as thread micrometers, thread-measuring wires, optical comparator and toolmaker's microscope, profile tracing instrument, electromechanical lead tester, helical path attachment used with GO type thread indicating gage, helical pathanalyzer, surface roughness measuring equipment, and roundness measuring equipment.The standard lists the following for use of Threaded and Plain Gages for verification of product internal threads:除了这些测量产品外部螺纹的量规之外,这个标准还涉及了不同的测量方法及仪器,如螺纹千分尺,测量螺纹的金属线, 光学比较仪, 精密工具制造者用的显微镜, 剖面扫描图仪, ,机电导程检测器, 与通规螺纹指示规一起用的螺旋状路径附加装置, 螺旋状路径分析器, 表面粗糙度测量仪, 及圆度测量仪.这个标准列出了下列信息以便用螺纹普通量规检验产品内螺纹.Tolerance: Unless otherwise specified all thread gages which directly check the product thread shall be X tolerance for all classes.公差: 除非另有说明, 直接检查产品螺纹的所有螺纹量规的公差在所有等级都是X.GO Thread Plug Gages: GO thread plug gages must enter and pass through the full threaded length of the product freely. The GO thread plug gage is a cumulative check of all thread elements except the minor diameter.通规螺纹塞规:通规螺纹塞规必须能自由地进入并通过产品的整个螺纹长度. 这个通规螺纹塞规是一个对所有螺纹部分,(除小径之外)的一个累积检查.NOT GO (HI) Thread Plug Gages: NOT GO (HI) thread plug gages when applied to the product internal thread may engage only the end threads (which may not be representative of the complete thread). Entering threads on product are incomplete and permit gage to start. Starting threads on NOT GO (HI) plugs are subject to greater wear than the remaining threads. Such wear in combination with the incomplete product threads permits furtherentry of the gage. NOT GO (HI) functional diameter is acceptable when the NOT GO (HI) thread plug gage applied to the product internal thread does not enter more than three complete turns. The gage should not be forced. Special requirements such as exceptionally thin or ductile material, small number of threads, etc., may necessitate modification of this practice.止规螺纹塞规(HI): 止规螺纹塞规(HI)在检验产品内螺纹时可能会只与末端螺纹配合(末端螺纹也许并能不代表完整的螺纹). 与产品上的螺纹配合是不完整的, 允许塞规转动.在止规塞规上转动螺纹主要取决于更大的磨损,而不是剩余的螺纹. 这些磨损加上产品上不完整的螺纹允许塞规进一步进入螺纹. 当止规塞规应用到产品内螺纹上时不能进入三个以上完整的齿时止端有效直径是可以接受的. 这个塞规不能强行转入. 如果有特殊要求,比如特别薄或柔软的材料,螺纹扣数很小,等等, 可能必须重新修正这个检测方法.GO and NOT GO Plain Plug Gages for Minor Diameter of Product Internal Thread: (Recommended in Class Z tolerance.) GO plain plug gages must completely enter and pass through the length of the product without force. NOT GO cylindrical plug gage must not enter. The standard lists the following for use of Thread Gages for verification of product external threads:用于产品内螺纹小径的通规与止规普通塞规(在Z等级公差中推荐了这个). 通规普通塞规必须在没有用强制力的情况下完全进入并通过产品的螺纹长度. 止规缸径规必须不能进入. 这个标准列出了如下信息以便使用螺纹量规来检验产品的外螺纹.GO Thread Ring Gages: Adjustable GO thread ring gages must be set to the applicable Wtolerance setting plugs to assure they are within specified limits. The product thread must freely enter the GO thread ring gage for the entire length of the threaded portion. The GO thread ring gage is a cumulative check of all thread elements except the major diameter.通规螺纹环规:可调的通端螺纹环规必须要调到可应用的W公差调整塞规来确保它们是在要求的限度里面. 产品的螺纹必须能自由地进入通端螺纹环规的整个螺纹部分长度. 这个通规螺纹环规是对除了大径之外的所有螺纹部分的累积检查.NOT GO (LO) Thread Ring Gages: NOT GO (LO) thread ring gages must be set to the applicable W tolerance setting plugs to assure that they are within specified limits.止规螺纹环规:止规螺纹环规必须要调到可应用的W公差调整塞规来确保它们在指定的极限内.NOT GO (LO) thread ring gages when applied to the product external thread may engage only the end threads (which may not be representative of the complete product thread) Starting threads on NOT GO (LO) rings are subject to greater wea r than the remaining threads. Such wear in combination with the incomplete threads at the end of the product thread permit further entry in the gage. NOT GO (LO) functional diameter is acceptable when the NOT GO (LO) thread ring gage applied to the product external thread does not pass over the thread more than three complete turns. The gage should not be forced. Special requirements such as exceptionally thin or ductile material, small number of threads, etc., may necessitate modification of this practice.止规螺纹环规当应用到产品的外螺纹时可能只能与末端的螺纹配合(末端的螺纹可能并不能代表整个产品螺纹).在止规环上转动螺纹取决于大的磨损,而不是剩余的螺纹. 这些磨损加上产品螺纹末端的不完整螺纹可以允许螺纹进一步进入环规. 当止规螺纹环规应用到产品外螺纹时没有通过三个以上完整的螺纹, 有效直径是接受的. 不能用力压规量. 在特殊情况下,比如特别薄或柔软的材料,螺纹扣数少,可能有必要对这个测量方法做修正.GO and NOT GO Plain Ring and Snap Gages for Checking Major Diameter of Product External Thread: The GO gage must completely receive or pass over the major diameter of the product external thread to ensure that the major diameter does not exceed the maximum- material-limit. The NOT GO gage must not pass over the major diameter of the product external thread to ensure that the major diameter is not less than the minimum-materiallimit. 用于检查产品外螺纹大径的通规与止规普通环规及卡规: 这个通规必须完全配合或经过产品外螺纹大径来确保大径不会超过最大实体极限. 这个止规必须不能通过产品外螺纹大径来确保大径不会小于最小实体极限.Limitations concerning the use of gages are given in the standard as follows:该标准中关于量规使用的局限性如下:Product threads accepted by a gage of one type may be verified by other types. It is possible, however, that parts which are near either rejection limit may be accepted by one typeand rejected by another. Also, it is possible for two individual limit gages of the same typeto be at the opposite extremes of the gage tolerances permitted, and borderline product threads accepted by one gage could be rejected by another. For these reasons, a productscrew thread is considered acceptable when it passes a test by any of the permissible gages in ANSI B1.3 for the gaging system that are within the tolerances.一个产品的螺纹为一种量规所接受的话可能也能被其他类型的量规所证实. 但是,有可能一些零件虽接近拒绝极限但可为一种量规所接受而却被其他类型的量规所拒绝.同样, 也有可能同一类型极限值不同的量规在量规所允许的公差的两个极端,并且副产品的螺纹被一种量规所接受而被另外外一种量规所拒绝. 因为这些原因, 当一个产品螺纹通过任何一种为ANSI B1.3所允许的量规的话那个产品的螺纹是可以接受的., ANSI B1.3说明了在公差范围内的测量方法.Gaging large product external and internal threads equal to above 6.25-inch nominalsize with plain and threaded plug and ri ng gages presents problems for technical and economicreasons. In these instances, verification may be based on use of modified snap or indicating gages or measurement of thread elements. Various types of gages or meas devices in addition to those defined in the Standard are available and acceptable when properly correlated to this Standard. Producer and user should agree on the method and equipment used. 对于测量相当于6.25英寸以上名义大小的产品外螺纹及内螺纹, 用普通的螺纹塞规及环规来测量存在技术问题及经济性问题. 在这些情况下, 需要用更改的卡规或指示规或螺纹参数的测量法来进行验证. 除了在该标准中规定的那些量规之外, 各种类型的量规及测量工具如果与该标准能很好地对应起来的话也可以用来测量.生产者与使用者应该在使用的方法与设备上达成一致.Thread Forms of Gages.—Thread forms of gages for product internal and externalthreads are given in Table 1. The Standard ANSI/ASME B1.2-1983 (R1991) also gives illustrations of the thread forms of truncated thread setting plug gages, the thread forms of full-form thread setting plug gages, the thread forms of solid thread setting ring gages, andan illustration that shows the chip groove and removal of partial thread.量规的螺纹形状------在表1中列出了用于测量产品内螺纹及外螺纹的量规的螺纹形状.ANSI/ASME B1.2-1983 (R1991)标准也用图例说明了切去了顶端的螺纹可调塞规的螺纹形状及完整的螺纹可调塞规的螺纹形状, 及实体螺纹可调环规的螺纹形状. 同时还有一个图例显示了切口的沟槽及去掉部分螺纹后的形状.Thread Gage Tolerances.—Gage tolerances of thread plug and ring gages, thread setting plugs, and setting rings for Unified screw threads, designated as W and X tolerances, are given in Table . W tolerances represent the highest commercial grade of accuracy and workmanship, and are specified for thread setting gages; X tolerances are larger than W tolerances and are used for product inspection gages. Tolerances for plain gages are givenin Table 3.螺纹量规的公差------在表1中列出了用于测量统一螺纹的螺纹塞规, 环规, 螺纹调节塞及调节环的测量公差, 这些公差是W公差及X公差. W公差是为螺纹调节规设定的, 代表了精确程度及工艺方面的最好商业等级.X公差比W公差要大, 用于产品检验量规. 在表3中给出了普通量规的公差.Determining Size of Gages: The three-wire method of determining pitch diameter size ofplug gages is recommended for gages covered by American National Standard B1.2, described in Appendix B of the 1983 issue of that Standard.决定量规的尺寸: 对于在美国国家标准B1.2中的附录B中的1983版本中涉及到的量规, 推荐用3根线的方式来决定塞规的螺纹中径.Size limit adjustments of thread ring and external thread snap gages are determined bytheir fit on their respective calibrated setting plugs. Indicating gages and thread gages for product external threads are controlled by reference to appropriate calibrated setting plugs. Size limit adjustments of internal thread snap gages are determined by their fit on their respective calibrated setting rings. Indicating gages and other adjustable thread gages for product internal threads are controlled by reference to appropriate calibrated setting ringsor by direct measuring methods.螺纹环规及外螺纹卡规的尺寸极限值调节由它们与各自的校准调节塞的相配来决定.产品外螺纹的指示规与螺纹规是参考合适的校准调节塞来控制的. 内螺纹卡规的尺寸极限值调节是由它们与各自的校准调节环的相配来确定的. 产品内螺纹的指示规与其他可调螺纹规是参考合适的校准调节环或者直接的测量方法来控制的Interpretation of Tolerances: Tolerances on lead, half-angle, and pitch diameter are variations which may be taken independently for each of these elements and may be takento the extent allowed by respective tabulated dimensional limits. The tabulated toleranceon any one element must not be exceeded, even though variations in the other two elements are smaller than the respective tabulated tolerances.公差的说明:导程的公差, 半角的公差及螺纹的中径公差是不同的, 这些公差可能会单独用于每个参数值,也可能为各自列表中的尺寸极限所允许的限度.任何一个参数值在列表中的公差都是不可以超越的, 尽管其他两个参数的变化会比列表中各自的公差小一点.Direction of Tolerance on Gages: At the maximum-material limit (GO), the dimensionsof all gages used for final conformance gaging are to be within limits of size of the product thread. At the functional diameter limit, using NOT GO (HI and LO) thread gages, the standard practice is to have the gage tolerance within the limits of size of the product thread.在量规上面公差的方向: 在最大实体限度(GO), 所有用于测量最后的一致性的量规的尺寸都必须在产品螺纹的尺寸限度之内.在有效直径限度内, 用止端螺纹量规(HI及LO), 标准的做法是让量规公差在产品螺纹的尺寸限度之内.Formulas for Limits of Gages: Formulas for limits of American National StandardGages for Unified screw threads are given in Table 5. Some constants which are requiredto determine gage dimensions are tabulated in Table 4.量规限度的规则: 在表5中给出了美国国家标准量规对统一螺纹极限值的规则. 在表4中给出了决定量规尺寸所需要的一些常数.。

美国国家标准学会（American National Standards Institute： ANSI）成立于1918年。

当时，美国的许多企业和专业技术团体，已开始了标准化工作，但因彼此间没有协调，存在不少矛盾和问题。

为了进一步提高效率，数百个科技学会、协会组织和团体，均认为有必要成立一个专门的标准化机构，并制订统一的通用标准。

1918年，美国材料试验协会（ASTM）、与美国机械工程师协会（ASME）、美国矿业与冶金工程师协会（ASMME）、美国土木工程师协会（ASCE）、美国电气工程师协会（AIEE）等组织，共同成立了美国工程标准委员会（AESC）。

美国政府的三个部（商务部、陆军部、海军部）也参与了该委员会的筹备工作。

1928年，美国工程标准委员会改组为美国标准协会（ASA）。

为致力于国际标准化事业和消费品方面的标准化，1966年8月，又改组为美利坚合众国标准学会（USASI）。

1969年10月6日改成现名：美国国家标准学会（ANSI）成员情况美国国家标准学会系非赢利性质的民间标准化团体。

但它实际上已成为国家标准化中心；各界标准化活动都围绕着它进行。

通过它，使政府有关系统和民间系统相互配合，起到了联邦政府和民间标准化系统之间的桥梁作用。

它协调并指导全国标准化活动，给标准制订、研究和使用单位以帮助，提供国内外标准化情报。

它又起着行政管理机关的作用。

ANSI现有工业学、协会等团体会员约200个，公司（企业）会员约1400个。

其经费来源于会费和标准资料销售收入，无政府基金。

领导机构是由主席、副主席及50名高级业务代表组成的董事会，行使领导权。

董事会闭会期间，由执行委员会行使职权，执行委员会下设标准评审委员会，由15人组成。

总部设在纽约，卫星办公室设在华盛顿。

美国国家标准局（NBS）的工作人员和美国政府的其他许多机构的官方代表也通过各种途径来参与美国标准学会的工作。

美国标准学会下设电工、建筑、日用品、制图、材料试验等各种技术委员会。

管件的各种英文缩写管道英文缩写A Anchor 固定ABS *Absolute 绝对的AISI *American Iron andSteel Institute 美国钢铁学会ANSI *Americ an NationalStandards Institute 美国国家标准学会API *Americ an Petroleum Institute 美国石油学会APPR OX *Appr oximate 大约，近似的ASB Asbestos 石棉ASME *American Society Of Mechanical Engineers美国机械工程师协会ASSY *Assembly 装配，组装ASTM *American Society OfTesting Material 美国材料实验协会ATM *Atmospher e 大气压AW G *American Wire Gage 美国线规AW S *American Wel**** Society 美国焊接协会AWW A *Americ an W ater Wor ksAssociation 美国水工协会BBB Bolted Bonnet 栓柱连接的阀盖BB By Buyer买方供货B-B Beveled End-Beveled End 两端为坡口端BC Bolt C ircle 螺栓中心圆B.C Bolted Cover(cap) 螺栓连接的阀兰盖（帽）BE Beveled End (for wel****) 坡口（焊接用）B.E Bell End 承口BEP Both Ends Plain 两端平BET Both Ends Threaded 两端带螺纹BL Batter y Limit 装置区边界BF Blind Flange 盲板法兰BL D Blind 盲板BL DG *Bui l**** 建筑物BM Bill Of Material 材料表BOP Bottom Of Pipe 管底B-P Beveled End —Plain End 坡口端.平端BV Butterfly valve 蝶阀BW G * Bir mingham Wire Gage 伯明翰线规BW Butt Weld 对焊CC Cap 管帽C-C Center to Center中至中C-E Center to End 中至端面C-F Center to Fac e 中至面CH-OP Chain Operated 链条操纵的CH.PL Chec kered Plate 花纹钢管C.I *Cast Iron 铸铁C L *Class 英制压力等级，等级，种类C L EAR Clearanc e 间隙COD Continued on Dr aw ing 接续图CO L *Column 柱，塔CONC Conc entric 同心的CONN Connection 连接，接口CONT *Continue 连续CONT.V. Control Valve 控制阀CPL G Coupling 管接头，连轴节C.R. Concentric Reducer同心异径管C.S. *Car bon Steel 碳钢C.S. Cold Spring 冷紧C.S.C. Car Seal Close 在关闭状态下封住C.S.O. Car Seal Open 在开启状态下封住CUST Customer 客C.V Check Valve 止回阀DDEG *Degree 度DF Drain funnel 排液漏斗DIA *Diameter直径DIM *Dimension 尺寸DISCH *Discharge 出口，排出Diaphragm VEL VE 隔膜阀DMF Double Male And Female 双重凹凸DN Nor minal Diameter公称直径DN Down 下DR Drain 排液DS Directional Stop 定向限为架DW G *Drawing 图EE *East 东EC External Coating 外面涂防腐层ECC Ecc entric 偏心EFW Electric Fusion Welded 电容焊的EL(ELEV) *Elevation 标高；立面ELL Elbow 弯头EQI OP Equipment 设备，装置EQUI V Equi valent 相当的E.R. Eccentric Reduc er 偏心异经管ERW Electric Resistanc e Welded 电阻焊的EW Eye W asher & Shower 洗眼器及淋浴器EX P.JT Expansion Joint 膨胀节FFDN Foundation 基础FF Flat F ac ed Or Full Fac ed 全平面；满平面F-F Face To Fac e 面至面FGW Fusion Gas Wel**** 气熔焊FIG *F igure 图F L Floor楼面F L EX TUBE Flexible Tube 挠性管F LG F lange 法兰F L GD F langed 法兰式的F L GF Flanged Fac e 法兰面FOB Flat On Bottom 底面平FOT F lat On Top 顶面平FP F ix Point 固定点FS Forged Steel 锻钢FTF Fitting To Fitting 管件直连FTG F itting 管件FURND Furnished 提供的，装设的FW F ield Weld 现伤焊GG Guide 导向GA *Gage 表，表压，规（线规）GAL V *Galvanize 镀锌GL Gr ound Level 地面GL V Globe Valve 截止阀GEAR OP Gear Operated 齿轮传动的GMAW Gas Metal Arc Wel**** 金属极惰气体保护焊GSKT Gasket 垫片GTAW (Inert)Gas Tungsten A rc Wel**** 惰性气体保护钨极电弧焊GV Gate Valve 闸阀HH Hanger 吊架HC Hose Connection 软管接头H.CPL G Half Coupling 半节管接头HDR Header 总管HEX *Hexagon 六角形HF Har d Alloy Face on阀内件（阀心）为Valve Trim 硬质合金密封面HH Hand Hole 手孔HOR Horizontal 水平的H.P *High Pr essure 高压HS Hose Station 软管IID *Inside Diameter 内径IN *Inc h 英寸INS Insulation 隔热INST Instr ument 仪表INV Invert (inside bottom of pipe) 管子内底IPS Iron Pipe size 铁管尺寸ISO Isometric Drawing 周测图（空视图）I.S.B.L Inside Batter y Limit 装置边界内恻ISNS Inside screw & Non-rising Stem 内螺纹非升杆ISRS Inside screw & Rising stem 内螺纹升杆JJT Joint 接头JS Jack Screw 顶开（起）螺栓LLC Locked Closed 在关闭状态下锁定LEP Lar ge end plain 大端为平的LET Large end Threaded 大端带螺纹LG Long 长LGF Lens Gasket Face 透镜垫连接面L.H.THD Left Hand Thread 左螺纹LIFT Lift Type 升降式LJ Lap Joint 搭接LJF Lap Joint F lange 松套法兰L O Locked Open 在开启状态下锁定L.P. Low Pressure 低压LR Long Radius 长半径LRE Long Radius Elbow 长半径弯头LTG Large Tongue & Groove 大椎槽MMATL Material 材料MAX Maximum 最大MB Machi ne Bolt 机器螺栓（单头）MF Male and Female 凸和凹MFG Manufactur e 制造MF *Manufactur e 制造厂MH Manhole 人孔MI Malleable Iron 可锻铸铁MIN *Mini mum 最小MJ Mechanical Joint 机械接头M.L Matc h Line 连续线MSS * Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and F ittings Industr y, Inc.美国阀门和管件制造商标准化协会MTO Material take-off 材料统计MW Mini mum W all 最小壁厚M.W. Miner al W ool 矿（物）棉NN *North 北NB Nominal Bore 公称孔径N.B. Non-Bonnet 无阀盖NC Normally Closed 常闭NIP Nipple 短管NO Normally Open; 常开*Number号；数量NO INS No Insulation 不隔热NOM Nominal 公称的；额定的NOZ Nozzle 管口NPS Nominal Pipe Size 公称管径NPSH Net Positive Suction Head 净正吸入压头NPT *American National Taper 美国锥管螺纹Pipe ThreadNS Nominal Size 公称直径NV Needle Valve 针形阀OOD *Outside Diameter 外径OET One end Threaded 一端带螺纹OR Outside Radius 外半径ORF Orific e 孔板ORIENT Orientation 方位OS & Y Outside Scr ew and Yoke 外螺纹阀杆和阀轭OSNB Outside Screw Non-Bonnet 外螺纹无阀盖PP Plug 堵头PAP Piping A rr angement Plan 管道布置平面图PB Pr essur e Seal Bonnet 压力密封的阀盖P-B Plain End –Bevel End 平端—坡口端PC Pr essur e Seal Cap 压力密封的阀帽P.C.D. Pitch Circle Diameter 节圆直径PE Plain End (not beveled) 平端（无坡口）PF Platfor m 平台PID Piping & Instrument Diagram管道及仪表流程图PN *Nominal Pr essure 公称压力PN Plant North 工厂北向POS point of Support 支承点P-P Plain End—Plain End 两端为平端PREP Preparation 加工准备PSIA *Pounds Per Square InchAbsolute 磅/PSIG Pounds Per Square Inc h Gage 磅/PT Point 点PTFE *Polytetrafluoroethylene 聚四氟乙烯PT.NO Part No. 件号PV Plug Valve 旋塞阀PVC *Poly Vinyl Chloride 聚氯乙烯QQTY *Quantity 数量RR *Radius 半径RED Reducer 异径管REF Refer ence 参考REINF Reinforc e 加强REQD Requir ed 需要；申请REV *Revision 修改RF Raised F ac e 凸面RG Ring Gasket 环形垫片R.H.THD Right Hand Thread 右螺旋RJ Ring Joint 环垫接头RO Restriction Orifice 限流孔板RPM *Revolutions Per Minute 转/分RPS *Revolutions Per Second 转/秒RS Resti ng Support 支承架，滑动架RTJ Ring Type Joint（见RJ）RV Relief Valve 安全泄液阀SS *South 南S Spring 弹簧（管架用）SAW (Automatic)Submerged Arc W el**** 自动埋弧焊SB Stud Bolt 双头螺栓SB Scr ewed Bonnet 螺纹阀盖SC Sample Cooler 取样冷却器SCH *Schedule 管壁厚系列号SCRD Screwed 螺纹SEP Small end Plain 小端为平的SET Small end Thr eaded 小端带螺纹SF Semi-Finished 半光SG Sight Glass 视镜SH Surfac e Hard Facing 硬质密封面SK Sketch 草图SMAW Shi elded Metal Arc W el**** 有保护的金属电弧焊SML S Seamless 无缝SN Swaged Nipple 异径短管SO Slip – On 滑套SOF Slip – On Flange 滑套法兰SPEC *Specification 规定，说明SPL Sound Pressure Lever 升压水准SQ *Square 方的，平方SR Shout Radius 短半径SRE Short Radius Elbow短半径弯头SS *Stainless Steel 不锈钢ST Steam Tr ap 蒸汽疏水阀STD *Standard 标准STG Small Tongue & Gr oove 小椎槽面STL *Steel 钢STM Steam 蒸汽STM.TR Steam Tracing 蒸汽拌热SUCT Suction 吸入口SV Safety Valve 安全泄气阀SW Soc ket Weld 承插焊SW G Swage 锻造，模锻SW MG Swing Type 旋启式SYM Symmetrical 对称的TT Tee 三通TE Thr eaded End 螺纹端TEMP *Temperatur e 温度TG Tongue & Gr oove 椎槽THD *Threaded 螺纹的THK *Thickness 厚度TL Tangent Line 切线TN True North 真实北向TOC Top of Concrete 混凝土北向TOP Top of pipe 管顶TOS Top of Support 支架顶面Top of Steel 钢结构顶面TYP Typic al 典型的UUB Union Bonnet 带活接头的阀盖UC Union Cap 带活接头的阀帽UN U ni on 活接头VV Valve 阀VAC Vacuum 真空VAR Variable 可变的VERT Vertical 垂直的VO L *Volume 卷，册，容量，体积WW *West 西WB W eld Br anch 焊接支管W C W eld Cap 焊接管帽WD Width 宽度WE Weld End 焊接端WL W el**** Line 焊接线WN Wel**** Nec k 对焊法兰（颈部）WNF W eld Nec k F lange 对焊法兰WP Wor king Pr essur e 工作压力W.P. Working Point 工作点WT Wall Thic kness 壁厚W eight 重量XXH Extr a Heavy 加强的，加厚的XXH Double Extra Heavy 双倍加强（厚）的XS Extr a Strong 加强的XXS Double Extra Strong 双倍加强的YYP Yield Point 屈服点。

管件的各种英文缩写管道英文缩写A Anchor 固定ABS *Absolute 绝对的AISI *American Iron andSteel Institute 美国钢铁学会ANSI *American NationalStandards Institute 美国国家标准学会API *American Petroleum Institute 美国石油学会APPROX *Approximate 大约，近似的ASB Asbestos 石棉ASME *American Society Of Mechanical Engineers美国机械工程师协会ASSY *Assembly 装配，组装ASTM *American Society OfTesting Material 美国材料实验协会ATM *Atmosphere 大气压AWG *American Wire Gage 美国线规AWS *American Wel**** Society 美国焊接协会AWWA *American Water WorksAssociation 美国水工协会BBB Bolted Bonnet 栓柱连接的阀盖BB By Buyer 买方供货B-B Beveled End-Beveled End 两端为坡口端BC Bolt Circle 螺栓中心圆B.C Bolted Cover(cap) 螺栓连接的阀兰盖（帽）BE Beveled End (for wel****) 坡口（焊接用）B.E Bell End 承口BEP Both Ends Plain 两端平BET Both Ends Threaded 两端带螺纹BL Battery Limit 装置区边界BF Blind Flange 盲板法兰BLD Blind 盲板BLDG *Buil**** 建筑物BM Bill Of Material 材料表BOP Bottom Of Pipe 管底B-P Beveled End —Plain End 坡口端.平端BV Butterfly valve 蝶阀BWG * Birmingham Wire Gage 伯明翰线规BW Butt Weld 对焊CC Cap 管帽C-C Center to Center 中至中C-E Center to End 中至端面C-F Center to Face 中至面CH-OP Chain Operated 链条操纵的CH.PL Checkered Plate 花纹钢管C.I *Cast Iron 铸铁CL *Class 英制压力等级，等级，种类CLEAR Clearance 间隙COD Continued on Drawing 接续图COL *Column 柱，塔CONC Concentric 同心的CONN Connection 连接，接口CONT *Continue 连续CONT.V. Control Valve 控制阀CPLG Coupling 管接头，连轴节C.R. Concentric Reducer 同心异径管C.S. *Carbon Steel 碳钢C.S. Cold Spring 冷紧C.S.C. Car Seal Close 在关闭状态下封住C.S.O. Car Seal Open 在开启状态下封住CUST Customer 客C.V Check Valve 止回阀DDEG *Degree 度DF Drain funnel 排液漏斗DIA *Diameter 直径DIM *Dimension 尺寸DISCH *Discharge 出口，排出Diaphragm VELVE 隔膜阀DMF Double Male And Female 双重凹凸DN Norminal Diameter公称直径DN Down 下DR Drain 排液DS Directional Stop 定向限为架DWG *Drawing 图EE *East 东EC External Coating 外面涂防腐层ECC Eccentric 偏心EFW Electric Fusion Welded 电容焊的EL(ELEV) *Elevation 标高；立面ELL Elbow 弯头EQIOP Equipment 设备，装置EQUIV Equivalent 相当的E.R. Eccentric Reducer 偏心异经管ERW Electric Resistance Welded 电阻焊的EW Eye Washer & Shower 洗眼器及淋浴器EXP.JT Expansion Joint 膨胀节FFDN Foundation 基础FF Flat Faced Or Full Faced 全平面；满平面F-F Face To Face 面至面FGW Fusion Gas Wel**** 气熔焊FIG *Figure 图FL Floor 楼面FLEX TUBE Flexible Tube 挠性管FLG Flange 法兰FLGD Flanged 法兰式的FLGF Flanged Face 法兰面FOB Flat On Bottom 底面平FOT Flat On Top 顶面平FP Fix Point 固定点FS Forged Steel 锻钢FTF Fitting To Fitting 管件直连FTG Fitting 管件FURND Furnished 提供的，装设的FW Field Weld 现伤焊GG Guide 导向GA *Gage 表，表压，规（线规）GALV *Galvanize 镀锌GL Ground Level 地面GLV Globe Valve 截止阀GEAR OP Gear Operated 齿轮传动的GMAW Gas Metal Arc Wel**** 金属极惰气体保护焊GSKT Gasket 垫片GTAW (Inert)Gas Tungsten Arc Wel**** 惰性气体保护钨极电弧焊GV Gate Valve 闸阀HH Hanger 吊架HC Hose Connection 软管接头H.CPLG Half Coupling 半节管接头HDR Header 总管HEX *Hexagon 六角形HF Hard Alloy Face on阀内件（阀心）为Valve Trim 硬质合金密封面HH Hand Hole 手孔HOR Horizontal 水平的H.P *High Pressure 高压HS Hose Station 软管IID *Inside Diameter 内径IN *Inch 英寸INS Insulation 隔热INST Instrument 仪表INV Invert (inside bottom of pipe) 管子内底IPS Iron Pipe size 铁管尺寸ISO Isometric Drawing 周测图（空视图）I.S.B.L Inside Battery Limit 装置边界内恻ISNS Inside screw & Non-rising Stem 内螺纹非升杆ISRS Inside screw & Rising stem 内螺纹升杆JJT Joint 接头JS Jack Screw 顶开（起）螺栓LLC Locked Closed 在关闭状态下锁定LEP Large end plain 大端为平的LET Large end Threaded 大端带螺纹LG Long 长LGF Lens Gasket Face 透镜垫连接面L.H.THD Left Hand Thread 左螺纹LIFT Lift Type 升降式LJ Lap Joint 搭接LJF Lap Joint Flange 松套法兰LO Locked Open 在开启状态下锁定L.P. Low Pressure 低压LR Long Radius 长半径LRE Long Radius Elbow 长半径弯头LTG Large Tongue & Groove 大椎槽MMATL Material 材料MAX Maximum 最大MB Machine Bolt 机器螺栓（单头）MF Male and Female 凸和凹MFG Manufacture 制造MF *Manufacture 制造厂MH Manhole 人孔MI Malleable Iron 可锻铸铁MIN *Minimum 最小MJ Mechanical Joint 机械接头M.L Match Line 连续线MSS * Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve andFittings Industry, Inc.美国阀门和管件制造商标准化协会MTO Material take-off 材料统计MW Minimum Wall 最小壁厚M.W. Mineral Wool 矿（物）棉NN *North 北NB Nominal Bore 公称孔径N.B. Non-Bonnet 无阀盖NC Normally Closed 常闭NIP Nipple 短管NO Normally Open; 常开*Number号；数量NO INS No Insulation 不隔热NOM Nominal 公称的；额定的NOZ Nozzle 管口NPS Nominal Pipe Size 公称管径NPSH Net Positive Suction Head 净正吸入压头NPT *American National Taper 美国锥管螺纹 Pipe ThreadNS Nominal Size 公称直径NV Needle Valve 针形阀OOD *Outside Diameter 外径OET One end Threaded 一端带螺纹OR Outside Radius 外半径ORF Orifice 孔板ORIENT Orientation 方位OS & Y Outside Screw and Yoke 外螺纹阀杆和阀轭OSNB Outside Screw Non-Bonnet 外螺纹无阀盖PP Plug 堵头PAP Piping Arrangement Plan 管道布置平面图PB Pressure Seal Bonnet 压力密封的阀盖P-B Plain End –Bevel End 平端—坡口端PC Pressure Seal Cap 压力密封的阀帽P.C.D. Pitch Circle Diameter 节圆直径PE Plain End (not beveled) 平端（无坡口）PF Platform 平台PID Piping & Instrument Diagram管道及仪表流程图PN *Nominal Pressure 公称压力PN Plant North 工厂北向POS point of Support 支承点P-P Plain End—Plain End 两端为平端PREP Preparation 加工准备PSIA *Pounds Per Square InchAbsolute 磅/PSIG Pounds Per Square Inch Gage 磅/ PT Point 点PTFE *Polytetrafluoroethylene 聚四氟乙烯PT.NO Part No. 件号PV Plug Valve 旋塞阀PVC *Poly Vinyl Chloride 聚氯乙烯QQTY *Quantity 数量RR *Radius 半径RED Reducer 异径管REF Reference 参考REINF Reinforce 加强REQD Required 需要；申请REV *Revision 修改RF Raised Face 凸面RG Ring Gasket 环形垫片R.H.THD Right Hand Thread 右螺旋RJ Ring Joint 环垫接头RO Restriction Orifice 限流孔板RPM *Revolutions Per Minute 转/分RPS *Revolutions Per Second 转/秒RS Resting Support 支承架，滑动架RTJ Ring Type Joint（见RJ）RV Relief Valve 安全泄液阀SS *South 南S Spring 弹簧（管架用）SAW (Automatic)Submerged Arc Wel**** 自动埋弧焊SB Stud Bolt 双头螺栓SB Screwed Bonnet 螺纹阀盖SC Sample Cooler 取样冷却器SCH *Schedule 管壁厚系列号SCRD Screwed 螺纹SEP Small end Plain 小端为平的SET Small end Threaded 小端带螺纹SF Semi-Finished 半光SG Sight Glass 视镜SH Surface Hard Facing 硬质密封面SK Sketch 草图SMAW Shielded Metal Arc Wel**** 有保护的金属电弧焊SMLS Seamless 无缝SN Swaged Nipple 异径短管SO Slip – On 滑套SOF Slip – On Flange 滑套法兰SPEC *Specification 规定，说明SPL Sound Pressure Lever 升压水准SQ *Square 方的，平方SR Shout Radius 短半径SRE Short Radius Elbow 短半径弯头SS *Stainless Steel 不锈钢ST Steam Trap 蒸汽疏水阀STD *Standard 标准STG Small Tongue & Groove 小椎槽面STL *Steel 钢STM Steam 蒸汽STM.TR Steam Tracing 蒸汽拌热SUCT Suction 吸入口SV Safety Valve 安全泄气阀SW Socket Weld 承插焊SWG Swage 锻造，模锻SWMG Swing Type 旋启式SYM Symmetrical 对称的TT Tee 三通TE Threaded End 螺纹端TEMP *Temperature 温度TG Tongue & Groove 椎槽THD *Threaded 螺纹的THK *Thickness 厚度TL Tangent Line 切线TN True North 真实北向TOC Top of Concrete 混凝土北向TOP Top of pipe 管顶TOS Top of Support 支架顶面Top of Steel 钢结构顶面TYP Typical 典型的UUB Union Bonnet 带活接头的阀盖UC Union Cap 带活接头的阀帽UN Union 活接头VV Valve 阀VAC Vacuum 真空VAR Variable 可变的VERT Vertical 垂直的VOL *Volume 卷，册，容量，体积WW *West 西WB Weld Branch 焊接支管WC Weld Cap 焊接管帽WD Width 宽度WE Weld End 焊接端WL Wel**** Line 焊接线WN Wel**** Neck 对焊法兰（颈部）WNF Weld Neck Flange 对焊法兰WP Working Pressure 工作压力W.P. Working Point 工作点WT Wall Thickness 壁厚Weight 重量XXH Extra Heavy 加强的，加厚的XXH Double Extra Heavy 双倍加强（厚）的XS Extra Strong 加强的XXS Double Extra Strong 双倍加强的YYP Yield Point 屈服点钢材的各种英文字母表示方法H Steel 宽缘工字钢Hadfield Manganese Steel 哈德菲尔德锰钢Hadfield Steel 哈德菲尔德高锰钢; 哈特非钢; 奥氏体高锰钢Hadifield Steel 高锰钢Half Spherical Steel Bobbin 半圆形钢质滚轮Half Steel 钢性生铁Half-Hard Steel 半硬钢Halvan Tool Steel 铬钒系工具钢Hammered Steel 锻钢Hand Drill Steel 手持式钢钎Hand Steel Snap 手用钢铆钉模Hard Alloy Steel 硬合金钢; 硬质合金钢Hard Steel 硬钢Hard-Drawn Steel Wire 硬拉钢丝Hardened And Tempered Steel 调质钢Hardened Steel 硬化钢; 淬火钢Hardened Steel Roller 淬火钢滚轮Hardened-Steel Bushing 淬火钢衬套Hardened-Steel Guideway 淬火钢导轨Hardened-Steel Tire 硬化钢环箍Hardening Of Steel 钢的硬化Harvey Steel 固体渗碳硬化钢Heat And Corrosion Resistant Steel 耐热防锈钢Heat Treatment Of Steel 钢的热处理Heat-Resistant Steel 耐热钢Heat-Resisting Alloy Steel 耐热合金钢Heat-Resisting Steel 耐热钢; 热强钢Heat-Treatable Steel 热处理钢Heat-Treated Steel 热处理钢Heat-Treated Steel Track 热处理钢履带Heavy Section Steel 大型型钢Heavy Steel Rolling Mill 大型轧钢厂Helical Steel Support 螺旋形井筒支架Hexagon Bar Steel 六角条钢Hexagonal Steel Bar 六角形钢筋Hi-Stren Steel 低合金高强度钢High Alloy Steel 高质合金钢High Angle Smooth Bottom Steel Bench Plane 高角平底钢刨High Boron Steel 高硼钢High Carbon Steel 高碳钢High Chrome Alloy Steel 高铬合金钢High Chrome Steel 高铬钢; 高铬钢High Chromium Steel 高铬钢High Frequency Steel Furnace 高频炼钢炉High Manganese Carbon Steel 高锰碳钢High Manganese Cast Steel 高锰铸钢High Manganese Stainless Steel 高锰不锈钢High Manganese Steel 高锰钢High Manganese Steel Casting 高锰钢铸件High Manganese Steel Frog 高锰钢辙叉High Manganese Steel Rail And Guard Rail 高锰钢辙叉及护轨High Nickel Steel 高镍钢; 高镍合金钢High Nickel-Chrome Steel 高镍铬钢High Pressure Stainless Steel Hose 高压不锈钢软管High Quality Steel 高级钢High Speed Steel Bit 高速钢钻头High Speed Steel Cutter 高速钢刀具High Speed Steel Ground Tap 高速钢磨削丝锥High Speed Steel Lathe Tool 高速钢车刀High Speed Steel Power Hacksaw Blade 高速钢机用锯条High Speed Steel Tool Bit 高速钢刀具High Speed Steel Turning Tool 高速钢车刀High Speed Steel Twist Drill 高速钢麻花钻High Speed Steel Wire 高速钢丝High Steel 高碳钢; 硬钢High Strength Alloy Steel Shackle 高强度合金钢锁扣High Strength Bevel Steel Washer 高强度钢斜垫圈High Strength Construction Steel 高强结构钢High Strength Hull Steel 高强度船体结构钢High Strength Low Alloy Steel 高强度低合金钢; 低合金高强度钢High Strength Plain Steel Washer 高强度平钢垫圈High Strength Steel 高强度钢材High Strength Steel Bar 高强钢筋High Strength Steel Plate 高强钢板High Strength Steel Washer 高强度钢垫圈High Strength Structural Steel 高强度结构钢High Tensile Deformed Steel Bar 高拉力异形钢筋High Tensile Reinforing Steel 高强钢筋High Tensile Steel 高强度钢; 高级钢High Tensile Steel Plate 高强钢板High Tensile Steel Tube 高强度钢管High Tensile Steel Wire 高强钢丝High Tensile Thin Steel Plate 高强薄钢板High Yield Stress Steel 高屈服强度钢High-Alloy Steel 高合金钢High-Alloy Steel Vessel 高合金钢容器High-Carbon Alloy Steel 高碳合金钢High-Carbon Chromium Steel 高碳铬钢High-Carbon High-Tensile Steel 高碳高张力钢High-Carbon High-Tensile Steel Wire 高碳高张力钢线High-Carbon Steel 高碳钢High-Carbon Steel Heat Treated 热处理过的高碳钢High-Chromium Stainless Steel 高铬不锈钢High-Creep Strength Steel 高蠕变强度钢High-Ductility Steel 高韧性钢; 高塑性钢High-Duty Steel 高强度钢High-Elastic Limit Steel 高弹性极限钢; 高弹性限度钢High-Frequency Electric Welded Steel Pipe 高频电焊钢管High-Frequency Transformer Silicon Steel Sheet 高频变压器硅钢片High-Grade Alloy Steel 高级合金钢High-Grade Alloy Structure Steel 高级合金结构; 高级合金结构钢High-Grade Carbon Steel 高级碳素钢High-Grade Steel 高级钢High-Quality Nickel Steel Tube 高级镍钢管High-Quality Steel 高质量钢; 优质钢High-Speed Steel 高速钢; 高速工具钢High-Speed Steel Bit 高速钢车刀High-Speed Steel Drill 高速钢钻头High-Speed Steel End Mill 高速钢端铣刀High-Speed Steel Geared Tap 高速钢磨牙丝锥High-Speed Steel Ingot 高速钢锭High-Speed Steel Lathe Tool 白钢车刀High-Speed Steel Tool 高速钢刀具High-Speed Tool Steel 高速工具钢; 高工钢High-Strength Bevel Steel Washer 高强度斜垫圈High-Strength Cast Steel 高速铸铁High-Strength Low Alloy Steel 高强低合金钢High-Strength Low-Allow Steel 高强度耐低温钢High-Strength Plain Steel Washer 高强度平垫圈High-Strength Quality Steel Wire 高强优质钢丝High-Strength Steel 高强度钢High-Strength Steel Electrode 高强度钢焊条High-Strength Steel Washer 高强度垫圈High-Sulfur Steel 高硫钢High-Temper Steel 高温回火钢High-Temperature Steel 耐高温钢High-Tensile Steel 高强度钢; 高强钢High-Tensile Steel Bar 高强度钢筋High-Tensile Steel Bars 高强度粗钢筋High-Tensile Steel Reinforcement Bar Fixture 高强钢筋夹具High-Tensile Steel Wires 高强度钢丝High-Tensile Structural Steel 高强度结构钢High-Vanadium Steel 高矾钢; 高钒钢High-Yield Strength Steel 高屈服点钢; 高屈服强度钢Highyield Low-Alloy Steel 高强度低合金钢Hoe Steel 中耕机锄铲Hole Steel Propeller 钢制空心螺旋桨Hollow Drill Steel 中空钻探钢Hollow Square Steel 空心方钢Hollow Steel 空心钢; 中空钢Hollow Steel Propeller 中空钢制螺旋桨Hollow Steel Rim 空心轮辋Hollow Steel Roller 空心钢辊Hollow Steel Section 薄壁型钢Hollow Steel Spoke Wheel 空心钢辐轮Hollow-Drill Steel 空心钻杆Homogeneous Steel 均质钢; 均质钢Homogeneous Steel Plate 均质钢板; 均质钢板Honda Steel 本多磁钢Hoop Steel 箍钢带Hot Die Steel 热锻模钢; 热作模具钢Hot Work Tool Steel 热镀模具钢; 热锻模具钢Hot-Die Steel 热变形模具钢; 高温模具钢Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Wire 热镀锌钢丝Hot-Dipped Galvanized Sheet Steel 热浴镀锌薄板钢材Hot-Rolled Mild Steel 热轧软钢Hot-Rolled Sheet Steel 热轧钢板Hot-Rolled Sillcon Steel Sheet 热轧硅钢板Hot-Rolled Steel 热轧钢Hot-Rolled Steel Bar 热轧钢筋Hot-Rolled Steel Channel 热轧槽钢Hot-Rolled Steel Joist 热轧钢龙骨Hot-Rolled Steel Section 热轧型钢Hot-Working Die Steel 热锻模钢Hubbing Steel 冲模钢Hull Steel 船用钢; 造船钢Hy-Tuf Steel 海图夫低合金高强度钢Hydra Steel 海德拉热模具钢Hydraulic Steel Holder 液压持纤器Hydraulic Steel Support 液压钢支架Hynack Steel Plate 海纳克护膜耐蚀钢板Hypereutectoid Steel 过共析钢; 超共析钢Hypoeutectoid Steel 亚共析钢Hysteresis Steel 磁滞钢I-Section Steel Pile 工字型钢桩I-Steel 工字形钢; 窄边工字钢I-Steel Pile 工字型钢桩Inclusion In Steel 钢内夹杂Indented Steel Wire 齿纹钢丝Industrial Steel Window 工业厂房钢窗Ingot Steel 钢锭; 锭钢Inland Steel (美国) 内陆钢铁公司Instrument For Measuring Oxygen In Molten Steel 钢液定氧仪Integral (Drill) Steel 整体钢钎Integral Steel 整体钢钎Integrated Iron And Steel Works 综合性钢铁厂Intermediate Grade Steel 中级钢Internal Fixation With Steel Plate 钢板内固定术Invar Steel 殷钢Iron And Steel Base 钢铁基地Iron And Steel Casting 钢铁铸件Iron And Steel Company 钢铁公司Iron And Steel Industry 钢铁工业Iron And Steel Manufacture 钢铁制造Iron And Steel Material Shaped 钢铁型材Iron And Steel Plant 钢铁厂Iron And Steel Scrap 废钢铁Iron And Steel Sheet And Plate 钢铁板材Iron And Steel Sheet Piling 铁及钢板桩法凿井Iron And Steel Wire 钢铁丝材Iron And Steel Works 钢铁厂Iron-And-Steel Furnace 黑色金属冶金炉Irreversible Steel 不可逆钢Joist Steel 梁钢Joy Extensible Steel Band 乔伊可伸缩式钢带运输机Jumper Steel 钻杆钢; 长凿钢Jute-Covered Steel Pipe 包黄麻钢管Killed Carbon Steel (KCS) 镇静碳钢Killed Steel 镇静钢Killed Steel (去氧钢) 脱氧钢Krupp Austenite Steel 奥氏体铬镍合金钢Krupp Triple Steel 克鲁普铬钼钒高速钢L.P.N. Steel 低氮碱性底吹转炉钢Lacquer-Coated Steel Sheet 涂漆薄钢板Lead Bearing Steel 含铅钢Lead Treated Steel 含铅易切削钢Lead-Coated Steel Plate 镀铅钢板Lead-Sheathed Steel-Taped 铅包钢带Leaded Low-Phosphorus Steel 含铅低磷钢Lean Alloy Steel 低合金钢Ledloy Free Cutting Steel 加铅易切削钢Light Channed Steel 轻型槽钢Light Gauge Steel 轻量型钢Light Weight Steel Shape 轻型钢材Light-Gauge Steel Section 薄壁型钢Light-Weight Angle Steel 轻型角钢Lightgage Steel Joist 轻钢龙骨Lightweight Steel Construction 轻钢结构Lightweight Steel Shape 冷弯型钢Lip Hat Section Steel 带缘帽型钢Lip Z Steel 带缘Z型钢Liquid Steel 钢水Liquid-Compressed Steel 液态挤压钢; 加压凝固钢Little Bessemer Steel 小型酸性转炉钢Lock Bar Steel Pipe 箍锚钢管Locking Steel Wire 锁紧钢丝Long Steel Tape 钢卷尺Long Steel Wire Saw 长钢丝锯Long-Span Steel Framing 大跨钢构架Low Alloy Steel 低合金钢Low Alloy Steel High Side Wagon 低合金钢敞车Low Alloy Steel Plate 低合金钢板Low Alloy Tool Steel 低合金工具钢Low Alloyed Steel 低合金钢Low Carbon Steel 低碳钢Low Carbon Steel Electrode 低碳钢焊条Low Carbon Steel Pipe 低碳钢管Low Carbon Steel Welding Electrode 低碳钢电焊条Low Hysteresis Steel 低磁滞钢; 低磁滞硅钢Low Machinability Steel 难切削钢Low Manganess Steel 低锰钢Low Pressure Stainless Steel Hose 低压不锈钢软管Low Steel 低碳钢Low Steel Proportion 低含钢率Low Temperature Steel Electrode 低温钢焊条Low Tungsten High Speed Steel 低钨高速钢Low-Alloy High-Strength Steel 低合金高强度钢Low-Alloy High-Tensile Structural Steel 低合金高强度结构钢Low-Alloy Steel Covered Arc Welding Electrode 低合金钢焊条Low-Alloy Threading Steel 低合金螺纹钢Low-Alloy Tool Steel 低合金工具钢Low-Angle Smooth Bottom Steel Bench Plane 低角平底钢刨Low-Carbon Cast Steel 低碳铸钢Low-Carbon Steel 低碳钢Low-Chrome Steel 低铬钢Low-Ductility Steel 低塑性钢Low-Expansion Steel 低膨胀钢Low-Temperature (Low Temperature) Steel 低温钢Lowalloy Structural Steel 低合金钢Machine Steel 机件钢; 机器钢Machinery Steel 机器钢Magnaflux Steel 航空用高强度钢Magnet Steel 磁钢Magnetic Steel 磁钢; 磁性钢Magnetic Steel Detector 钢筋磁性检测仪Magnetically Soft Steel 软磁钢Main Reinforcing Steel 主钢筋Major-Orthotropic Steel-Plate Bridge 主正交各向异性钢板桥Malleable Mild Steel 韧性低碳钢; 韧性软钢Malleable Steel 展性钢; 软钢; 韧性钢Man-Ten Steel 低合金高强度钢Manganese Silicon Spring Steel 锰硅弹簧钢Manganese Silicon Steel 锰硅钢Manganese Silicon Tool Steel 锰硅工具钢Manganese Spring Steel 锰弹簧钢Manganese Steel 锰钢; 哈德菲尔德锰钢Manganese Tool Steel 锰工具钢Manganese Vanadium Steel 锰钒钢Manganese Vanadium Tool Steel 锰矾工具钢; 锰钒工具钢Manufacture Of Iron And Steel By Melting 钢铁熔炼Maraging Steel 马氏体时效钢Marconi Steel Tape Recorder 马可尼磁带录音机Martensite Steel 马登斯体钢; 马氏体钢Martensitic Stain Less Steel 马氏体不锈钢Martensitic Steel 马氏体钢Martensitic Steel 马氏永磁体Martin Steel 平炉钢; 马丁钢Martinel Steel 马蒂内尔结构钢; 硅锰钢; 硅锰结构钢Mattress Netting Steel Wire 钢丝床用钢丝Measuring Case Depth For Steel 钢表层硬化深度测定法; 钢的表层硬化深度测定法Mechanically Capped Steel 机械封顶钢Medium Alloy Steel 中合金钢Medium Carbon Steel 中碳钢Medium Hard Steel 中等硬度钢; 中硬钢; 在硬钢Medium Manganese Steel 中锰钢Medium Steel (MS) 中碳钢Medium Temper Steel 中等回火钢Medium Width Steel Strip 中等宽度带钢Medium-Hard Steel 中硬钢Merchant Steel 商品钢; 商品条钢; 条钢Mercury-In-Steel Thermometer 钢管水银温度计; 钢壳水银温度计Mild Carbon Steel 低碳钢Mild Carbon Steel Strip 低碳带钢Mild Sheet Steel 软钢板Mild Steel 软钢; 低碳钢Mild Steel Arc Welding Electrode 低碳钢焊条Mild Steel Channel 槽钢Mild Steel Checkered Plate 花纹钢板Mild Steel Equal Angle 等边角钢Mild Steel Expanded Sheets 钢板网Mild Steel Fire Box 软钢板火箱Mild Steel Hexagonal Bolts 六角螺丝梗Mild Steel Hexagonal Bolts And Nuts 六角螺丝闩Mild Steel I-Beam 低碳工字钢Mild Steel Ingot 低碳钢锭Mild Steel Plate 软钢板Mild Steel Reinforcement (含钢量0.12--0.25%) 软钢钢筋Mild Steel Shank 软钢手柄Mild Steel Sheet 软钢皮Mild Steel Welding Rod 低碳钢焊丝Mild Steel Wire 低碳钢丝Mild-Carbon Steel Strip 低碳带钢; 低碳钢带Mild-Steel Domestic Boiler 软钢家用锅炉Mild-Steel Sheet 低碳钢薄板Mini Steel Plant 小型钢铁厂Mishima Magnet Steel 铝镍强磁钢Mold Steel 型模钢Molten Steel 钢水; 钢液Molybdenum High Speed Steel 钼高速钢第31 页。

PART I : 世界各国认证简介新加坡PSB认证新加坡消费品保护法规1991指定新加坡标准，生产力和创新委员作为产品安全职能机构，负责对消费者保护（安全要求）注册方案（CPS）涉及的产品进行许可和注册。

只有带“SAFETY”标志的注册产品才能在新加坡销售。

目前新加坡只要求安全而对EMC只是自愿原则。

安全要求：在IEC标准要求下，产品还要符合热带条件测试。

新加坡电压：AC 230V\ 50Hz验厂：一般需要（如果通过莱茵CB去申请有莱茵的工厂检查报告可以不再工厂检查）。

说明书：要求英文证书有效期：证书有效期为一年。

申请周期：一般3-4周。

瑞士SEV为非欧盟国家，在产品认证方面未加入欧盟的CE制度。

因此瑞士的产品法规有自己的要求，瑞士的SEV低电压产品法规规定：进入瑞士市场的电子电气产品需要取得S-PLUS标志。

此标志包含了产品的安全性也涵盖了电磁兼容（EMC）的要求。

电压：AC 23厂说明书：法语0V/50Hz验厂：无需验、意大利语或徳语(注，现在好像需要验厂)认证周期：如用CB申请需2-3周。

无CB需4-6周。

波兰(Poland)认证B标志认证是波兰目前的强制性认证。

出口到波兰的电子电气产品都必须通过B标志认证。

B标志涵盖产品安全、电磁兼容和卫生要求。

认证机构：PCBC，BBJ电压：AC 230V/50Hz验厂：需要或指定机构的验厂报告说明书：波兰文认证周期：4-5周申请方式：CB报告或GS报告+EMC报告的基础上申请。

匈牙利（Hungary）匈牙利的电工产品实验是依据关于人身、健康、财产安全的有关规定，按照匈牙利的电气标准而进行的强制实验。

认证机构：Magyar Elektrotechnikai Ellenorzo Intezet-MEEI认证标志：S-Mark MEEI Mark认证要求：安全及EMC都要求电压：AC 230V/50Hz验厂：需要或指定机构的验厂报告说明书：匈牙利文认证周期：S-Mark 1-2 周 (有CB的时间)MEEI 2-3 周 (有CB的时间)申请方式：CB报告或GS报告+EMC报告的基础上申请。

美标锁紧垫圈规格LOCK WASHERS (INCH SERIES ) AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD1.No minal washer size :垫圈标称值2.ln side diameter 内直径3.0utside diameter外直径4.Mea n secti on thick ness截面厚度5.Section width:截面宽度6.Beari ng width:支承面宽度弹簧垫圈尺寸规格STD .ASKE Bld-ei 3勺耳弓■ 0755b7口D^ISVD^ 0 ■TABLE 1 DIMENSIONS OF REGULAR HEUCAL SPRlMG-LOCK WASHERSNominal Wash«rSizefniidcDLarrwt^cAOutsid*Diametef, BMvan Section Thicknesstt；+ t^/2,TSectionZHdth.WBearingWidth, BW Max.Min.M AA.Min.Min.Min,No. 2 (0 086} 0094 0.088 0.172 0 020 0.035 0.024 NO. 3 {0.0&9)0.1070 1010.195D02S0.040 0X28 No,竝<0H2i 0.120 Q.114 0.209 0 025 0.040 0 020 No. 5 1C.12B)0J33Q.1270.236 0 031 0 0470.033NO 6 10 1381 020 141 0.290 0.031 0.047 0 033 No. 8 10.164) 0,174 0.1^70.293 ■0.0400 055 0 038 No. 10 40.19010 200Q.193 0.334 0.0470.062 0 043 No. 11? OJ216) 0.2270-2200377 0.056 C.070 0 049 Vi ©2501Q 260 0.25? 0.4S7 0 062 QJ09 0076 to.3125r a 322 Q.314 0.5030.12S0.OS7 % (0.37 S)0.385 Q3770.630 Q.Q940.141 Q 099 Vie 40.437510 450 0,44€0.776a 1»0 156 0.10$ % 4Q 500} 0512 0 50；0.869 0.1250.1710.12010.562510.574 0L5640.9 65 0.1410JB4 0.1322 {2,0001?039 2 DOS 2.9360.422 0.427 0,299 2% 12250) 2.293 22^2 3.S210.44Q 0,442 0.309 2]4 (2.5003 2 543 2.512 3.471 0.440 0 *45 0.309 2% [2.750)2793 2.762 3.824 0458 0.W1 0 344 3 (1000} 3.0413012 40740.4580 491 Q.3MGENERAL NOTES⑻ For additional requirernvnis, refer to section 2. Dimensions sr? in mqties.EniarypMl 生曰nASME B18 J1.1 1999重型弹簧垫圈尺寸规格ST>-ASME BlBdd-ENGL MM■ 0755b?0 ahl.5710 14Q ■COCK WASHERS GMCH SERIES) TABLE 2 DIMENSIONS OF HEAVY HELtCAL $PRrNG-LOCK WASHERSNominal WastwrSize In 客kit Dwneter, A OuttidvDwnetiM-, 0Mwi S«cticn Thfcknwt 山 +U/2, TStctionWidth WWWi r 8WMm Max. Min,Max Min MinNo, 2 (0.086} 0.0^40.088 0,182 0.025 0.D4D 0.028 No. 3 ©099}0.107 0.101 0.209 0.031 0.047 0.033 No. 4 (0.112) 0.120 0.114 0.223 0.031 0.047 o.on No, 5 <0.125) 0.133 0.1270.2520.040 0 055 0.038 No. 6 (0.138) 0.148 0,1410.266 0.040 0.055 0.038 No. 8 (0/1641 0J74 0J67 0.3070.047 0,062 0.043 No, 10 <0.190) 0,2000.193 0.354) 0.056 0.070 0,049 No. 12 Uk2T创0J27 0.220 0.391 0.063 0.077 0 034X (0.250) 0.2600.252 0 46S 0.Q770.110 0.077 %« <0.31251 0.3Z20 3140.5S30.0970130 0,091 % (0,3751 0.3850,3770.688 0.115 0.145 0.101 人(0.4375) C.450 0.440 0,7840.133 0160 0.112 'h (0.S00»0.512 0.502 0 879 0.151 0J76 0.123 %< (0.5625) 65740.S64 0.975 0.170 0.193 0.135 % <0.625) 0.641 0.628 1.067 0.189 0.210 0J47 % (0.8875> 0,7040691 1.186 0.207 0J27 0J59 % (0.750) 0.766 0.753 1 285 0 226 0.244 0.171 '%・(0J125) O.B32 0.816 1.387 0.2460.262 0.183% (D.875) O.S«40J78 1.489 0 2810J97 '%( (0J375) 0.958 0.941 1 590 0.284 0.298 G.209 1 (1.000} 1/024 t-003 1.700 0.306 0.319 0.223 % 口32呀 1.087 1.803 0326 0.338 0.237 1% IU25)1,153 1.129 1 903 0 345 0.3590.249 T取& (1.1S75> 1.217 1.1S2 2.001 0,3640.3730.261 1% H .ZbQ) 1.2801^54 2.104 0.384 0.393 0.276 % <V3125> 1.344 1.317 2 203 0.403 0.410 0.287 i% n^7s) 1.408 1.379 2.301 0.4220.4270.299 H-437S) 1.472 1.442 2.396 0.440 0 442 0.309 1% n .soo) 1^34 T.5G4 2.491 0.458 0*458 0.321 1% n 625> 1.663 1.633 2 694 0-458 0.491 0.344诙H.75OJ 1.7B9 1.75B 2.820 0.4580.491 0 344 1% <1,875) V914 1.883 2^45 0.458 0.491 0 344 2 (2000) 2.039 2.006 3J44 0.496 0.52& 0.363 2% (2.250} 2.293 2.262 3 3980 4960.5260,368 2'/2 12.5OO> 2.542 2.512 3.&4S 0.496 0 S?6 0368 2% (2.7501 2,793 2.762 3^10 0 526 D.S32 0.372 3 (3.000) 3.043 3 D12 <160 0 526 0.532 0.372特重型弹簧垫圈尺寸规格XTJ* ASJ1E Bia^l.l-EN£L im ■ nTS^UTD DblSVll dfi?LOCK WASHERS (INCH SERIES) ASME 创BQ .卜1999TABLE 3 DIMENSIONS OF EXTRA-DUTY HELICAL SPRING-LOCK WASHERSNominal W»^i«r Silt Inside DiAmititer,, AOutsideDiamalflr, BMe«n Section Thickness怙+ tJ/2, TSMtiorW»dth FWbearingWidlK BWMin.M«K.Min,Max.Min.IMn>No. 2 (O.CSfi) 0.0&4 0.08C O.ZOH 0.0270.053 0 037 No. 3 W.O99I 0JO7□JOI a.239 0.0340.0&2 0.043 Nc. 4 W.112?0.1200314 D.253 0034 G帕2 0 043 No. 5 (0,125) 0.133 0.1270.300 0-(MS 0.079 o ass No 6 CO. 1381 0 148 0-141 0.314 0 045 0.079 0.055 No. 8 {0J64j 0.174 0.祐？0.375 0.0570.096 0.067 No. ID [Z9CF 0 2Q0 0.193□.434D L06B D.112 0 078 N Q. 12 (0.216^ 0.227 0.220 0.497 0.080 0.130 0.091 V.怕卫抽0 260 0 2S3 05前0 0«4 0.13? 0 093 % (0.3125) 0S22 0.314 0619 d.ioa 0.143 0.100 % (0,375)0-385 D-3770-7 3& 0-1230 170 Q 119(0 437510.450 0.440 0.836 0.143 0.1S6 (J.130 % (0.500) 0.512 0.502 0,935 0.162 0.204 0 143 % W 563M 0.574 OW 1 035 0.1S2 0-353 0 1&& % W-盟5) Q&41 0J628 1.1510.202 0.242 0.169% (0.6875) 0.704 0.891 1.252 0.221 o.2eo 0.182 % (0.75OJ 0.7&6 0.753 1,355 0.241 0.279 0.195 % (O.ai25»0 B32 0 816 1.45& 0.2610.298 0 209 % (0,975) C S94 0 878 1.571 0 285 0,322 0L225 % 10.9375)0S&B 0 941 1 604 0.309 0.345 0.241 1 (1JOOOI 1.024 1.003 1 794 0.330 0 366 0256% (1.0S25)V087k06€ 1 905 0.352 0.339 0.272 1V( (1 125J 1.1531,129 2 013 0.3750 411 0.288 1% (um? 1.217 1.19! 2.107 0.396 C.431 0.302 V/t IV250I 1.280 L254 2.222 0-417 0.452 Q.31G 1V I* (1.3125J 1.344 1 317 2 3Z7 0J38 0,472 0.330 1% (1-3751 1.408 1.379 2 429 0.45fi 0 491 0.344 乃i(, U 437S} 1.472 1.442 2.530 0.47A0.S09 0356 1% 11.5001 1.534 1.504 2.627 0.496 0.526 0.368 1% 0 625) 1.663 1.633 2.7B4 0 496 0 526 0.368 1% {1.7S0I 1.789 1 75fi 2.^02 0.526 0 532 0.372 1% <1-97511,414 1.&03 3 027 0.526 0.532 0.372 2 12JMKH 2.039 2.0QB 3.1S0 0.526 0.532 0.372轻型弹簧垫圈尺寸规格STP-ASflE Bifi.BL-l-ENCL MM ■ AVi^faVO 0bl5?ia T13 ■ASME Biail.blSMEnlarged StttionLOCK WASHERS {INCH SERIES] TABLE 4 DlMENSrONS OF HIGH-COLLAR HELICAL SPRING-LOCK WASHERSNomirul Washer SizeDUmeter,Mat Min.OutitdeDi^metef,Max.M«an SectionTh»ckn«^ 区 + U/2,________ T ________Min.BearingWidth, Width,Mwi, Min,ND. 4 {0.112} No. 5 (0.125) Mo. 6 io.-tasr No. 8 CO.IM) No, 10 (0.190)X (0 250) 论(0.3125) 玄(Q.375) 仏(0,43751 '応(0.500}% (0.625)% (0J501% {0.075}1 口-呗1>B n.125)T% (1.250} 1% (1.375) 1T4 11.500) 为(1.750)2 12.00032% 12^50) 2^ (2.500)2% [2.750J3 <3.0CO] 0 12C0114C.1330.1270J480141C.1740.1670.2000.1930.2600.252032203140.385D3T70.4500.4400.512 0.5020.541仏宓0.7660.7530.-S940.8781 024 1.0031,1531J291.2«0UB41.4G6 1.3791L534 1.5041.783 1.7582.039 2 0082.293 2.2522.543 2.S1Z2793 3.7623.D43 3.0120.1730 20202160-2670 2940.3G30.4570.5500.^330.9171.1051.29114781.B631,7902勺312.1592 59655553.3_a4..0.0230.0220.015O.03C札0300,021O.03A0.0300.0210.0470.042O.ftM0.0470.&420.0290.0780.0470.022509300620.0430.1250.D7B0.05301400.09000630177 0d030 0720.20301250.O&7C.21B 0.1640.10®0.234 0JE2 0.1270.2500.20S0.14£GJ130.236DJ6S0J130.2360.1650^750.2S20.2040.3750,2920.2040.4680.3S3OJAB0.4«& D.3S30.2680.5030.5D80.3B60.5050.5C60.3560.5330 6330.4430.6330.633 0.443AS ME 818.21 1-1995内锯齿弹性锁紧垫圈LOCK WASHERS (INCH SERIES)TABLE 6 DIMENSIONS OF INTERNAL TOOTH-LOCK WASHERSMominalWasher SizeIniide Diameter, A Outside Diameter, BThickness £Max.Min.Max.Min.Max,Min.No 2 (0.086)0 095 0 039 0.200 0.175 0.016 0.010 No 3 1(X0991 0 109 0 102 0.232 0.215 0.016 0.Q10 No. 4 <0.1121 0.123 0 115 0.2700.2450.016 0.012 No. 5 <0.125] 0 136 0.129 0-280 0.2550.0200014 No. G (0.13B}0.1 SO 0 141 0-2950 2750.0220.016 No, B (0J641 0.1760L 169 0,340 0 32&0.023 0.018 No. W 10.190) 0.230.195 0.381 0.365 0.024 0.018 No. 12 (0.216)0.2310.221 0,410 0.394 0.027 0.020 \ (0.250) 0.2670 256 Q.473 D.^fiO 0.02S 0.023 % (0.31251 0,332 0.320 0.610 0.594 0.034 0.028 % (0.375) 0.398 0.384 0.692 0.670 0.040 0.032 % 10.4375] 0 464 0.443 0.799OJ400.Q4O0.032 \ 11500)a 530 0,512 0,900 6獅 0.0450,037 % (0^2510.596 0.576 0.S350.9570,W5 0.037 % (0.625)0.6630.640 1.071 1,045 0.060 0.042 % (0.6875) 0728 0.7W1.1661J300J500.042% (OJSOI0.795 0769 1.245 1.220 0.055 0.047 % (0.81251 0.861 0.832 1.315 1.290 0.055 0.04?% (0.B75) 0927 0.894 1.410 1.364 0.060 0.0521 (1,0001 1.060 1,019 L637 1590 0.0671% (1.12$) 1J92 1.144 1.830 1799 0.067 0.059 1% [1.25011.3251.27519751.9210.0670.059Tyf* AU3CK WASHERS QMCH SERIES]外锯齿弹性锁紧垫圈尺寸规格STt^ASnE： dia-ei.L-ENGL 胡巧■ D^S^LTO 0bliS717 STS ■TABLE 8 DIMENSIONS OF EXTERNAL TOOTH LOCK WASHERSNomiiMl Washer Sizeki^idE Di4m«t«r AOutside Diameter,0Thickness, C Max.Mm，k Max.Mui.Na 3 10.099)0.1090.1020.23&0 2200.0160.01D No 4 (0.112)0.123(LI IE 0.2600 2450.018 D.012 No. 5 (0.12Sl G.1360 1290.285O.27C0.0200.014 No. 6 <O.13S>0.1S60 1^1 0.32D0.30S O.tJ220.016 No. a (0.164}DJ76 0険0.3S10.3650.0230X118 No. 10 (0.1901 0,2040,195 0.4100.3950,02 A0.018 No. 1； (0,216) 0.2310 221 0475 0.460□,0270.020 % ◎嗣0 2670.25^05100494 0.02a a023热10.3125) 0.3330 3200.610 a 5630 034% W.3?5> ）潮63&40.6940.5700.0400.032% (0.4375) 0 4640,44B07600 7400.0400,032 %梅&□即O.53D0 9Q00.6800.0450.037人(0.5625)0.596O.S850 96000450.Q37 %心盟引0-663□,641 1.070 1,0450,0500 042马总(0.687S} 0,7280.7(M 1.155 1.1300.0500.042% (0-750) 0J95 0.76S L260 1.220 0.055 0.047 % (0.8125) a 8610.833K315t-290 D.O55 0.&47 \(D B75) 0.9270.897K410 1.3800,060 0.052 1 (1 000) 1.060K025 1.620 1.5900.06? 0 059STI ，ASM£ BMVU-ENU mi■ OblS71A ^31ASME ai8-2l.1-199eLOCK WASHERS IlNCM SERIES! 内钻孔外锯齿弹性锁紧垫圈尺寸规格TABLE 9 DIMENSIONS OF COUNTCRSUNK EXTERNAL TOOTHLOCK WASHERSNominAlWastier Si£« [No<«切】Insidv EX^mvter,4 Outside Dieeter. ff[Note (3j]Thiqknes$, CMax,Mim R«f«r«cK« M M .Min,Mas. Ufa-No. 4 <0.112} 0J23 0.113 0213 0.019 0.015 G.065 0.05Q No* & (DJ38I 0.1500J4Q 0.239 D;021 0,0170 092 0.082 No. & (0,154} 0.1770.167 0,322 0.0210.017 0 099 0 083 No. 10 (0.1901 0.205 0J95 0354 0.0250.020 0.105 0 08S No. 12 VU16) 0.231 0.220 0.4J1 0.025 0.020 0.128 0,118 % (0.250) Q.2E7 0.255 0454 0.025 0.02D D.12S 0.113 NO, 16 g 潮 0.287 0273 0.505 0.028 0.023 D.147 QJ37 %g (03125)0.3330.3180.5990.028 0.0230J920.165% {0,37&| 0,35 S 0.303 Q.765 0.034 0 02B 0.2&5 0.242 仏 口4375} 0.463 仇44S 0.967 0.045 0.037 0,270 0.2©0 % (0.50QI Q ，5290512 0.976 0.Q450.037 0.304 D.294GENERAL NCTCS;For ^dition$l rgu 护百MHC F 和 rafer to section 3. [b* Dimensions ore in incties. NOTES ：Suggested 3ngl 电 or mating composeril is 60-82 deg.f2> Washer sizes are intended for u$a with comp^ratals rominaF screw 和zee* (3)For reference purposes onJy; not subject to inspeefjon.BI Nat? (TH T *P*A ffINood)]1W«6内外锯齿弹性锁紧垫圈尺寸规格STD» ASME 0ia-21-l-EN£L mi ■ 075^^70 OblS?ln 376 ■TABLE Ifl DIMENSIONS OF INTERNAL/EXTERNAL TOOTHXOCK WASHEflSNorrii "11Washer Diameter, AOut«^deO^ameteG B Thixdkne5S p CN.ornlin-11Wa^hwImidv &iameter rAOutridtDismeter, BTTiiEkn«4PCMin.Max. Min.Max. Min.Sue陋車耳.Rfliru Max. Min.Wax. Min.0.47S iD.450□.D21O.DIfiNo. 4 W112I P.115 Q510 C.495Q.0210 017 知.(0.312> 0 332 0 3200.6100.580Q.021aon0 865 D.Q4D0.03 S0 9650-&45O J OS?"045D朋D O J0421J3Q Q.05Q D.D42 00飾70陌No.610.13®)0.150 0.1410 5100-6100.6900.610 Md & (0.164)Q.17E OJ6B D.B900 7600&10No10 tD.IW)0L J040.19&o.s&oOJ&O0900Q.690N Q. 1? (0,216)0 2310.2210.750 0900G.9S50760 k [Q 250)0 2670.25611900D.9B510700-495o.sao0.6700.D2B0.0280.0200.0230.0230.023% (0.375}0-5800-670UM0 (034)0J D340 034QQ2B0 0290038V16 to 436 >0.58Q3-^Q0.7400.B300.034Q.04Q0.0400 040D.0280,0320032OD32W ©日刚0-67Q0J25Ou0&OD_9&5Q.0W0.DW0.0400.04B0.0320.0320.0320,037%6 (fl-562 >07250.8S00.9651.0450.0400.040G.C460 0320.0320.&370_Dl?% (0-625 >0.3980 3840-9851-070IL 15512500.&561.W51.13«1.2200.045 0050 0MOo.oso0.03700420咖0.0421.Q70 1.0450 OSD0.0420.4W0.4A81 1S51J300.05000421.260V220Q.0550 0471.315 1.290O J OS60 (047)1 260 1.2700.0550a Q47Q.5300-6121.31514101_2M1.38D0-0550.0800.04700521.6201.&900 0670.0591.315 1.2900.0550 0470.5960.5761-4301-39Q o.oeo'0.0621-620 7O.OTSLfi3D L7970.IDI670.0阴1.410- 1.38000600.0620-6630.6401.620 1 590 D.0670-0591.830 1.737O.OG70.0591.9751L93&Q-067O.OS3GENERAL NOTES:(al For additional reguirements,. refer ta Merton 3, 4t>) Dpm#riS.ioni£吕馆irn inchRs。

EIA-426-B标准简介第一部分功率试验CD碟简介ANSI/EIA-426-B-1998（Loudspeakers, Optimum Amplifier Power）是关于功率放大器馈给扬声器的最佳功率的标准，由美国国家标准化组织ANSI（American National Standards Institute）和电子工业协会EIA（Electronic Industries Association）联合发布。

该标准由EIA R-3 音响系统委员会工作小组提出，作为对EIA-426-A标准的修订。

EIA-426-A主要规定了对全频系统进行加速寿命试验的方法。

在修订前对扬声器制造厂的调查中，被调查者广泛认为有必要对EIA-426-A标准中试验信号频谱、试验持续时间以及功率计算方法等问题进行重新审视。

修订后的426-B标准延伸了426-A的内容，推荐了与扬声器相连接的音频功放的最大额定输出功率，包含了在最佳功放输出功率下的功率压缩、失真等性能的评估方法，说明了在功率压缩、失真及加速寿命试验等范畴的可接受性能极限。

扬声器所能承受的极限功率实际上是一个非常复杂的问题。

它取决于扬声器中各相关零件的热损坏和机械损坏的极限，既跟输入信号的电功率相关，又跟输入信号的诸如峰值因数、上升时间、频谱分布等多种因素相关。

而且，不考虑音质的极限功率并没有多少实际意义。

实际上，应该关注的是在不超过多少瓦的放大器输出功率下，对于绝大多数节目，还能从扬声器中获得可以接受的音质。

我想，这应该也就是EIA-426-B标准之所以取名为《扬声器，最佳功放功率》（Loudspeakers,Optimum Amplifier Power）的原因所在。

美国扬声器制造者协会ALMA（American Loudspeaker Manufacturers Association）于2001年推出了与EIA-426-B标准相配套的测试信号碟。

用来替代贵重的信号发生设备，改善测试可靠性，以期推动EIA-426-B标准的更广泛使用。

美国国家标准学会ANSI认证美国国家标准学会(American National Standard Institute,ANSI)是美国非营利性民间标准化团体。

自愿性标准体系的协调中心。

1918年10月19日, 美国材料试验协会(ASTM)、与美国机械工程师协会(ASME)、美国矿业与冶金工程师协会(ASMME)、美国土木工程师协会(ASCE)、美国电气工程师协会(AIEE)等组织，在美国商务部、陆军部和海军部3个政府机构的参与下，共同发起成立了美国工程标准委员会（AESC）。

1928年AESC改组为美国标准协会（ASA）,1966年8月又改组为美利坚合众国标准学会(USASI),1969年10月6日始改为现名。

总部设在纽约。

有250多个专业学会、协会、消费者组织以及1000多个公司（包括外国公司）参加。

联邦政府机构的代表以个人名义参加其活动。

不接受政府的资助。

ANSI经联邦政府授权，作为目愿性标准体系中的协调中心，其主要职能是：协调国内各机构、团体的标准化活动；审核批准美国国家标准；代表美国参加国际标准化活动；提供标准信息咨询服务；与政府机构进行合作。

理事会是ANSI的决策机构，由各大公司、企业、专业团体、研究机构、政府机关的代表组成。

理事会休会期间，由执行委员会代行其职能。

理事会下设执行标准商议会、标准审查部、国际标准委员会、审计鉴定部、认证委员会、团体会员商议会、公司会员商议会、消费者商议会等业务部门。

下设电工、建筑、日用品、机械制造、安全技术等技术委员会。

ansi产品认证范围：工具器具自动起阀装置瓶装水和包装的冰建筑产品住房及办公家具设备具有二级生态危害的细木设备饮用水添加剂及饮用水处理设备电子设备及附件电子产品餐具天然气设备及附件石油天然气产品废水处理制造业产品及娱乐设备航海用具个人安全防护设备塑料管道系统及配件铅工业产品娱乐及职业健康安全与个人保护服装卫生产品密封绝缘玻璃太阳能设备游泳池，温泉及设备木制品废水处理设备配件门窗此外，ANSI还被美国国家标准技术学会（NIST）和美国联邦通信委员会（FCC）认可，授权认证以下产品项目：无线电频率设备电话终端设备2003年，美国国家标准技术学会（NIST）作为加拿大电讯设备标准的美国认证机构。

常用配管材料
中国标准与美国标准
对照表
2004年10月22日FLUOR
说明
一、说明
常用配管材料中国标注与美国标准对照表，目的在提供中国材料标注查阅时的基本参考，请注意本表所示之两各系统之材料标准为“对照”关系，切勿误为“相等”。

由于各国标准间的差异特性且材料实际应用情形不一，查阅者应依据个别的需求条件，另行咨询各专业之管线材料授权工程师。

特别是与规范转换或材料替代时，务需由管线材料授权工程师核可。

二、常用配管材料中国标准与美国标准对照表，详Page2to7.
三、另附中国与美国常用配管材料参考标准清单，详Page8to12。

四个美国标准及代号
常用配管材料中国标准与美国标准对照表
附表一
常用配管材料中国标准与美国标准对照表。

经常使用管道英文缩写之阿布丰王创作默认分类 2009-10-08 11:48:34 阅读73 评论0 字号：大中小ABS *Absolute 绝对的AISI *American Iron andSteel Institute 美国钢铁学会ANSI *American NationalStandards Institute 美国国家尺度学会API *American Petroleum Institute 美国石油学会APPROX *Approximate 大约，近似的ASB Asbestos 石棉ASME *American Society Of Testing Material 美国机械工程师协会ASSY *Assembly 装配，组装ASTM *American Society OfTesting Material 美国资料实验协会ATM *Atmosphere 大气压AWG *American Wire Gage 美国线规AWS *American Wel**** Society 美国焊接协会AWWA *American Water WorksAssociation 美国水工协会BBB Bolted Bonnet 栓柱连接的阀盖BB By Buyer 买方供货B-B Beveled End-Beveled End 两端为坡口端BC Bolt Circle 螺栓中心圆B.C Bolted Cover(cap) 螺栓连接的阀兰盖（帽）BE Beveled End (for wel****) 坡口（焊接用）B.E Bell End 承口BEP Both Ends Plain 两端平BET Both Ends Threaded 两端带螺纹BL Battery Limit 装置区鸿沟BF Blind Flange 法兰盖BLD Blind 盲板BLDG *Buil**** 建筑物BM Bill Of Material 资料表BOP Bottom Of Pipe 管底B-P Beveled End —Plain End 坡口端.平端BV Butterfly valve 蝶阀BWG * Birmingham Wire Gage 伯明翰线规BW Butt Weld 对焊CC Cap 管帽C-C Center to Center 中至中C-E Center to End 中至端面C-F Center to Face 中至面CH-OP Chain Operated 链条把持的CH.PL Checkered Plate 花纹钢管C.I *Cast Iron 铸铁CL *Class 英制压力等级，等级，种类CLEAR Clearance 间隙COD Continued on Drawing 接续图COL *Column 柱，塔CONC Concentric 同心的CONN Connection 连接，接口CONT *Continue 连续CONT.V. Control Valve 控制阀CPLG Coupling 管接头，连轴节C.R. Concentric Reducer 同心异径管C.S. *Carbon Steel 碳钢C.S. Cold Spring 冷紧C.S.C. Car Seal Close 在关闭状态下封住C.S.O. Car Seal Open 在开启状态下封住CUST Customer 客C.V Check Valve 止回阀DDEG *Degree 度DF Drain funnel 排液漏斗DIA *Diameter 直径DIM *Dimension 尺寸DISCH *Discharge 出口，排出Diaphragm VELVE 隔膜阀DMF Double Male And Female 双重凹凸DN *Double Male And Female 公称直径DN Down 下DR Drain 排液DS Directional Stop 定向限为架DWG *Drawing 图EE *East 东EC External Coating 外面涂防腐层ECC Eccentric 偏心EFW Electric Fusion Welded 电容焊的EL(ELEV) *Elevation 标高；立面ELL Elbow 弯头EQIOP Equipment 设备，装置EQUIV Equivalent 相当的E.R. Eccentric Reducer 偏心异经管ERW Electric Resistance Welded 电阻焊的EW Eye Washer & Shower 洗眼器及淋浴器EXP.JT Expansion Joint 膨胀节FFDN Foundation 基础FF Flat Faced Or Full Faced 全平面；满平面F-F Face To Face 面至面FGW Fusion Gas Wel**** 气熔焊FIG *Figure 图FL Floor 楼面FLEX TUBE Flexible Tube 挠性管FLG Flange 法兰FLGD Flanged 法兰式的FLGF Flanged Face 法兰面FOB Flat On Bottom 底面平FOT Flat On Top 顶面平FP Fix Point 固定点FS Forged Steel 锻钢FTF Fitting To Fitting 管件直连FTG Fitting 管件FURND Furnished 提供的，装设的FW Field Weld 现伤焊GG Guide 导向GA *Gage 表，表压，规（线规）GALV *Galvanize 镀锌GL Ground Level 地面GLV Globe Valve 截止阀GEAR OP Gear Operated 齿轮传动的GMAW Gas Metal Arc Wel**** 金属极惰气体呵护焊GSKT Gasket 垫片GTAW (Inert)Gas Tungsten Arc Wel**** 惰性气体呵护钨极电弧焊GV Gate Valve 闸阀HH Hanger 吊架HC Hose Connection 软管接头H.CPLG Half Coupling 半节管接头HDR Header 总管HEX *Hexagon 六角形HF Hard Alloy Face on阀内件（阀心）为Valve Trim 硬质合金密封面HH Hand Pole 手孔HOR Horizontal 水平的H.P *High Pressure 高压HS Hose Station 软管IID *Inside Diameter 内径IN *Inch 英寸INS Insulation 隔热INST Instrument 仪表INV Invert (inside bottom of pipe) 管子内底IPS Iron Pipe size 铁管尺寸ISO Isometric Drawing 周测图（空视图）I.S.B.L Inside Battery Limit 装置鸿沟内恻ISNS Inside screw & Non-rising Stem 内螺纹非升杆ISRS Inside screw & Rising stem 内螺纹升杆JJT Joint 接头JS Jack Screw 顶开（起）螺栓LLC Locked Closed 在关闭状态下锁定LEP Large end plain 大端为平的LET Large end Threaded 大端带螺纹LG Long 长LGF Lens Gasket Face 透镜垫连接面L.H.THD Left Hand Thread 左螺纹LIFT Lift Type 升降式LJ Lap Joint 搭接LJF Lap Joint Flange 松套法兰LO Locked Open 在开启状态下锁定L.P. Low Pressure 低压LR Long Radius 长半径LRE Long Radius Elbow 长半径弯头LTG Large Tongue & Groove 大椎槽MMATL Material 资料MAX Maximum 最大MB Machine Bolt 机器螺栓（单头）MF Male and Female 凸和凹MFG Manufacture 制造MF *Manufacture 制造厂MH Manhole 人孔MI Malleable Iron 可锻铸铁MIN *Minimum 最小MJ Mechanical Joint 机械接头M.L Match Line 连续线MSS * Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.美国阀门和管件制造商尺度化协会MTO Material take-off 资料统计MW Minimum Wall 最小壁厚M.W. Mineral Wool 矿（物）棉NN *North 北NB Nominal Bore 公称孔径N.B. Non-Bonnet 无阀盖NC Normally Closed 常闭NIP Nipple 短管NO Normally Open; 常开*Number号；数量NO INS No Insulation 不隔热NOM Nominal 公称的；额定的NOZ Nozzle 管口NPS Nominal Pipe Size 公称管径NPSH Net Positive Suction Head 净正吸入压头NPT *American National Taper 美国锥管螺纹Pipe ThreadNS Nominal Size 公称直径NV Needle Valve 针形阀OOD *Outside Diameter 外径OET One end Threaded 一端带螺纹OR Outside Radius 外半径ORF Orifice 孔板ORIENT Orientation 方位OS & Y Outside Screw and Yoke 外螺纹阀杆和阀轭OSNB Outside Screw Non-Bonnet 外螺纹无阀盖PP Plug 堵头PAP Piping Arrangement Plan 管道安插平面图PB Pressure Seal Bonnet 压力密封的阀盖P-B Plain End –Bevel End 平端—坡口端PC Pressure Seal Cap 压力密封的阀帽P.C.D. Pitch Circle Diameter 节圆直径PE Plain End (not beveled) 平端（无坡口）PF Platform 平台PID Piping & Instrument Diagram管道及仪表流程图PN *Nominal Pressure 公称压力PN Plant North 工厂北向POS point of Support 支承点P-P Plain End—Plain End 两端为平端PREP Preparation 加工准备PSIA *Pounds Per Square InchAbsolute 磅/PSIG Pounds Per Square Inch Gage 磅/PT Point 点PTFE *Polytetrafluoroethylene 聚四氟乙烯PT.NO Part No. 件号PV Plug Valve 旋塞阀PVC *Poly Vinyl Chloride 聚氯乙烯QQTY *Quantity 数量RR *Radius 半径RED Reducer 异径管REF Reference 参考REINF Reinforce 加强REQD Required 需要；申请REV *Revision 修改RF Raised Face 凸面RG Ring Gasket 环形垫片R.H.THD Right Hand Thread 右螺旋RJ Ring Joint 环垫接头RO Restriction Orifice 限流孔板RPM *Revolutions Per Minute 转/分RPS *Revolutions Per Second 转/秒RS Resting Support 支承架，滑动架RTJ Ring Type Joint（见RJ）RV Relief Valve 平安泄液阀SS *South 南S Spring 弹簧（管架用）SAW (Automatic)Submerged Arc Wel**** 自动埋弧焊SB Stud Bolt 双头螺栓SB Screwed Bonnet 螺纹阀盖SC Sample Cooler 取样冷却器SCH *Schedule 管壁厚系列号SCRD Screwed 螺纹SEP Small end Plain 小端为平的SET Small end Threaded 小端带螺纹SF Semi-Finished 半光SG Sight Glass 视镜SH Surface Hard Facing 硬质密封面SK Sketch 草图SMAW Shielded Metal Arc Wel**** 有呵护的金属电弧焊SMLS Seamless 无缝SN Swaged Nipple 异径短管SO Slip – On 滑套SOF Slip – On Flange 滑套法兰SPEC *Specification 规定，说明SPL Sound Pressure Lever 升压水准SQ *Square 方的，平方SR Shout Radius 短半径SRE Short Radius Elbow 短半径弯头SS *Stainless Steel 不锈钢ST Steam Trap 蒸汽疏水阀STD *Standard 尺度STG Small Tongue & Groove 小椎槽面STL *Steel 钢STM Steam 蒸汽STM.TR Steam Tracing 蒸汽拌热SUCT Suction 吸入口SV Safety Valve 平安泄气阀SW Socket Weld 承插焊SWG Swage 锻造，模锻SWMG Swing Type 旋启式SYM Symmetrical 对称的TT Tee 三通TE Threaded End 螺纹端TEMP *Temperature 温度TG Tongue & Groove 椎槽THD *Threaded 螺纹的THK *Thickness 厚度TL Tangent Line 切线TN True North 真实北向TOC Top of Concrete 混凝土北向TOP Top of pipe 管顶TOS Top of Support 支架顶面Top of Steel 钢结构顶面TYP Typical 典型的UUB Union Bonnet 带活接头的阀盖UC Union Cap 带活接头的阀帽UN Union 活接头VV Valve 阀VAC Vacuum 真空VAR Variable 可变的VERT Vertical 垂直的VOL *Volume 卷，册，容量，体积WW *West 西WB Weld Branch 焊接支管WC Weld Cap 焊接管帽WD Width 宽度WE Weld End 焊接端WL Wel**** Line 焊接线WN Wel**** Neck 对焊法兰（颈部）WNF Weld Neck Flange 对焊法兰WP Working Pressure 工作压力W.P. Working Point 工作点WT Wall Thickness 壁厚Weight 重量XXH Extra Heavy 加强的，加厚的XXH Double Extra Heavy 双倍加强（厚）的XS Extra Strong 加强的XXS Double Extra Strong 双倍加强的YYP Yield Point 屈服点。

管件的各种英文缩写管道英文缩写A Anchor 固定ABS *Absolute 绝对的AISI *American Iron andSteel Institute 美国钢铁学会ANSI *American NationalStandards Institute 美国国家标准学会API *American Petroleum Institute 美国石油学会APPROX *Approximate 大约，近似的ASB Asbestos 石棉ASME *American Society Of Mechanical Engineers美国机械工程师协会ASSY *Assembly 装配，组装ASTM *American Society OfTesting Material 美国材料实验协会ATM *Atmosphere 大气压AWG *American Wire Gage 美国线规AWS *American Wel**** Society 美国焊接协会AWWA *American Water WorksAssociation 美国水工协会BBB Bolted Bonnet 栓柱连接的阀盖BB By Buyer 买方供货B-B Beveled End-Beveled End 两端为坡口端BC Bolt Circle 螺栓中心圆B.C Bolted Cover(cap) 螺栓连接的阀兰盖（帽）BE Beveled End (for wel****) 坡口（焊接用）B.E Bell End 承口BEP Both Ends Plain 两端平BET Both Ends Threaded 两端带螺纹BL Battery Limit 装置区边界BF Blind Flange 盲板法兰BLD Blind 盲板BLDG *Buil**** 建筑物BM Bill Of Material 材料表BOP Bottom Of Pipe 管底B-P Beveled End —Plain End 坡口端.平端BV Butterfly valve 蝶阀BWG * Birmingham Wire Gage 伯明翰线规BW Butt Weld 对焊CC Cap 管帽C-C Center to Center 中至中C-E Center to End 中至端面C-F Center to Face 中至面CH-OP Chain Operated 链条操纵的CH.PL Checkered Plate 花纹钢管C.I *Cast Iron 铸铁CL *Class 英制压力等级，等级，种类CLEAR Clearance 间隙COD Continued on Drawing 接续图COL *Column 柱，塔CONC Concentric 同心的CONN Connection 连接，接口CONT *Continue 连续CONT.V. Control Valve 控制阀CPLG Coupling 管接头，连轴节C.R. Concentric Reducer 同心异径管C.S. *Carbon Steel 碳钢C.S. Cold Spring 冷紧C.S.C. Car Seal Close 在关闭状态下封住C.S.O. Car Seal Open 在开启状态下封住CUST Customer 客C.V Check Valve 止回阀DDEG *Degree 度DF Drain funnel 排液漏斗DIA *Diameter 直径DIM *Dimension 尺寸DISCH *Discharge 出口，排出Diaphragm VELVE 隔膜阀DMF Double Male And Female 双重凹凸DN Norminal Diameter公称直径DN Down 下DR Drain 排液DS Directional Stop 定向限为架DWG *Drawing 图EE *East 东EC External Coating 外面涂防腐层ECC Eccentric 偏心EFW Electric Fusion Welded 电容焊的EL(ELEV) *Elevation 标高；立面ELL Elbow 弯头EQIOP Equipment 设备，装置EQUIV Equivalent 相当的E.R. Eccentric Reducer 偏心异经管ERW Electric Resistance Welded 电阻焊的EW Eye Washer & Shower 洗眼器及淋浴器EXP.JT Expansion Joint 膨胀节FFDN Foundation 基础FF Flat Faced Or Full Faced 全平面；满平面F-F Face To Face 面至面FGW Fusion Gas Wel**** 气熔焊FIG *Figure 图FL Floor 楼面FLEX TUBE Flexible Tube 挠性管FLG Flange 法兰FLGD Flanged 法兰式的FLGF Flanged Face 法兰面FOB Flat On Bottom 底面平FOT Flat On Top 顶面平FP Fix Point 固定点FS Forged Steel 锻钢FTF Fitting To Fitting 管件直连FTG Fitting 管件FURND Furnished 提供的，装设的FW Field Weld 现伤焊GG Guide 导向GA *Gage 表，表压，规（线规）GALV *Galvanize 镀锌GL Ground Level 地面GLV Globe Valve 截止阀GEAR OP Gear Operated 齿轮传动的GMAW Gas Metal Arc Wel**** 金属极惰气体保护焊GSKT Gasket 垫片GTAW (Inert)Gas Tungsten Arc Wel**** 惰性气体保护钨极电弧焊GV Gate Valve 闸阀HH Hanger 吊架HC Hose Connection 软管接头H.CPLG Half Coupling 半节管接头HDR Header 总管HEX *Hexagon 六角形HF Hard Alloy Face on阀内件（阀心）为Valve Trim 硬质合金密封面HH Hand Hole 手孔HOR Horizontal 水平的H.P *High Pressure 高压HS Hose Station 软管IID *Inside Diameter 内径IN *Inch 英寸INS Insulation 隔热INST Instrument 仪表INV Invert (inside bottom of pipe) 管子内底IPS Iron Pipe size 铁管尺寸ISO Isometric Drawing 周测图（空视图）I.S.B.L Inside Battery Limit 装置边界内恻ISNS Inside screw & Non-rising Stem 内螺纹非升杆ISRS Inside screw & Rising stem 内螺纹升杆JJT Joint 接头JS Jack Screw 顶开（起）螺栓LLC Locked Closed 在关闭状态下锁定LEP Large end plain 大端为平的LET Large end Threaded 大端带螺纹LG Long 长LGF Lens Gasket Face 透镜垫连接面L.H.THD Left Hand Thread 左螺纹LIFT Lift Type 升降式LJ Lap Joint 搭接LJF Lap Joint Flange 松套法兰LO Locked Open 在开启状态下锁定L.P. Low Pressure 低压LR Long Radius 长半径LRE Long Radius Elbow 长半径弯头LTG Large Tongue & Groove 大椎槽MMATL Material 材料MAX Maximum 最大MB Machine Bolt 机器螺栓（单头）MF Male and Female 凸和凹MFG Manufacture 制造MF *Manufacture 制造厂MH Manhole 人孔MI Malleable Iron 可锻铸铁MIN *Minimum 最小MJ Mechanical Joint 机械接头M.L Match Line 连续线MSS * Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.美国阀门和管件制造商标准化协会MTO Material take-off 材料统计MW Minimum Wall 最小壁厚M.W. Mineral Wool 矿（物）棉NN *North 北NB Nominal Bore 公称孔径N.B. Non-Bonnet 无阀盖NC Normally Closed 常闭NIP Nipple 短管NO Normally Open; 常开*Number号；数量NO INS No Insulation 不隔热NOM Nominal 公称的；额定的NOZ Nozzle 管口NPS Nominal Pipe Size 公称管径NPSH Net Positive Suction Head 净正吸入压头NPT *American National Taper 美国锥管螺纹Pipe ThreadNS Nominal Size 公称直径NV Needle Valve 针形阀OOD *Outside Diameter 外径OET One end Threaded 一端带螺纹OR Outside Radius 外半径ORF Orifice 孔板ORIENT Orientation 方位OS & Y Outside Screw and Yoke 外螺纹阀杆和阀轭OSNB Outside Screw Non-Bonnet 外螺纹无阀盖PP Plug 堵头PAP Piping Arrangement Plan 管道布置平面图PB Pressure Seal Bonnet 压力密封的阀盖P-B Plain End –Bevel End 平端—坡口端PC Pressure Seal Cap 压力密封的阀帽P.C.D. Pitch Circle Diameter 节圆直径PE Plain End (not beveled) 平端（无坡口）PF Platform 平台PID Piping & Instrument Diagram管道及仪表流程图PN *Nominal Pressure 公称压力PN Plant North 工厂北向POS point of Support 支承点P-P Plain End—Plain End 两端为平端PREP Preparation 加工准备PSIA *Pounds Per Square InchAbsolute 磅/PSIG Pounds Per Square Inch Gage 磅/PT Point 点PTFE *Polytetrafluoroethylene 聚四氟乙烯PT.NO Part No. 件号PV Plug Valve 旋塞阀PVC *Poly Vinyl Chloride 聚氯乙烯QQTY *Quantity 数量RR *Radius 半径RED Reducer 异径管REF Reference 参考REINF Reinforce 加强REQD Required 需要；申请REV *Revision 修改RF Raised Face 凸面RG Ring Gasket 环形垫片R.H.THD Right Hand Thread 右螺旋RJ Ring Joint 环垫接头RO Restriction Orifice 限流孔板RPM *Revolutions Per Minute 转/分RPS *Revolutions Per Second 转/秒RS Resting Support 支承架，滑动架RTJ Ring Type Joint（见RJ）RV Relief Valve 安全泄液阀SS *South 南S Spring 弹簧（管架用）SAW (Automatic)Submerged Arc Wel**** 自动埋弧焊SB Stud Bolt 双头螺栓SB Screwed Bonnet 螺纹阀盖SC Sample Cooler 取样冷却器SCH *Schedule 管壁厚系列号SCRD Screwed 螺纹SEP Small end Plain 小端为平的SET Small end Threaded 小端带螺纹SF Semi-Finished 半光SG Sight Glass 视镜SH Surface Hard Facing 硬质密封面SK Sketch 草图SMAW Shielded Metal Arc Wel**** 有保护的金属电弧焊SMLS Seamless 无缝SN Swaged Nipple 异径短管SO Slip – On 滑套SOF Slip – On Flange 滑套法兰SPEC *Specification 规定，说明SPL Sound Pressure Lever 升压水准SQ *Square 方的，平方SR Shout Radius 短半径SRE Short Radius Elbow 短半径弯头SS *Stainless Steel 不锈钢ST Steam Trap 蒸汽疏水阀STD *Standard 标准STG Small Tongue & Groove 小椎槽面STL *Steel 钢STM Steam 蒸汽STM.TR Steam Tracing 蒸汽拌热SUCT Suction 吸入口SV Safety Valve 安全泄气阀SW Socket Weld 承插焊SWG Swage 锻造，模锻SWMG Swing Type 旋启式SYM Symmetrical 对称的TT Tee 三通TE Threaded End 螺纹端TEMP *Temperature 温度TG Tongue & Groove 椎槽THD *Threaded 螺纹的THK *Thickness 厚度TL Tangent Line 切线TN True North 真实北向TOC Top of Concrete 混凝土北向TOP Top of pipe 管顶TOS Top of Support 支架顶面Top of Steel 钢结构顶面TYP Typical 典型的UUB Union Bonnet 带活接头的阀盖UC Union Cap 带活接头的阀帽UN Union 活接头VV Valve 阀VAC Vacuum 真空VAR Variable 可变的VERT Vertical 垂直的VOL *Volume 卷，册，容量，体积WW *West 西WB Weld Branch 焊接支管WC Weld Cap 焊接管帽WD Width 宽度WE Weld End 焊接端WL Wel**** Line 焊接线WN Wel**** Neck 对焊法兰（颈部）WNF Weld Neck Flange 对焊法兰WP Working Pressure 工作压力W.P. Working Point 工作点WT Wall Thickness 壁厚Weight 重量XXH Extra Heavy 加强的，加厚的XXH Double Extra Heavy 双倍加强（厚）的XS Extra Strong 加强的XXS Double Extra Strong 双倍加强的YYP Yield Point 屈服点。

国际翻译标准《翻译项目通用指南》（ISO/TS11669Translation projects—General guidance(2014-10-27 11:58:19)▼标签：分类：翻译交流行业标准翻译标准翻译规范下面的通用标准是翻译时所必须了解的基础知识。

实际的项目一般都有自己特定的翻译规范，这些规范的优先级高于通用标准。

一、准确性在软件翻译中，准确性体现在两点：忠实原文+ 翻译一致性。

忠实原文：A.所有内容要准确翻译，严禁出现漏译和随意增删（注：科技翻译不同于文学翻译和日常语言，准确性是最重要的指标）。

B.公司专有名称及产品名称（如Microsoft，Microsoft Access for Windows）如有错译、错字或拼写问题，视为严重错误。

C.支持信息要准确。

英文原文一般会提供国外的技术支持信息。

翻成中文时一般要改为国内的支持信息（最新情况请要产品组确认）。

翻译一致性：A.同一文档相互参考的标题、术语和词条等要保持一致。

B.属同一主题的不同文档间的相互参考要保持一致（注：项目开始前，项目经理要对此进行规范）。

C.章节标题、产品名称、手册名称、帮助主题/跳转文字(jump)、脚注、图表及表格等翻译都要正确且前后一致。

二、词汇a)大多数客户都有自己产品的专用词汇表。

但也有少数客户未指定词汇表，此时要按照行业习惯表达进行翻译。

b)Microsoft 词汇表是行业比较标准的词汇表，如果没有专用参考词汇，我们大多要依据该词汇表。

Microsoft 词汇集成在数据库（定期更新）中。

c)有些词在微软提供的词汇表中有多种翻译：此时要根据产品选择最确切的翻译。

d)所有未在微软词汇表中提供的技术性词汇，必须采用业界通用的翻译，最后要向客户确认。

e)手册和帮助中的UI 词条要与软件产品一致。

三、文字表达文字表达是对中文语言的一般要求。

a)软件翻译是将其他语种的软件版本翻译成中文，其中不可避免地要涉及一些有关社会与文化差异的用语。

一、主要标准机构和认证标识ANSI：美国国家标准协会（Amer ic an National Standards Inst itu te），是由公司、政府和其它成员组成的自愿性组织，本身很少制订标准，ANSI的标准是自愿采用的，但被法律引用和政府部门制订的标准，一般属强制性标准。

UL：是美国保险商实验室（Underwriter Laboratories Inc.）的简写，UL安全试验所是美国最有权威的，也是世界上从事安全试验和鑑定的较大的民间机构。

FCC：美国联邦通讯委员会（Federal Communications Commission），是美国政府的一个独立机构，直接对国会负责。

FCC通过控制无线电广播、电视、电信、卫星和电缆来协调国内和国际的通信。

ETL：ETL是美国电子测试实验室（Electrical Testing Laboratories）的简称，ETL试验室是由美国发明家爱迪生在1896年一手创立的，在美国及世界范围内享有极高的声誉。

右下方的“us”表示适用于美国，左下方的“c”表示适用于加拿大，同时具有“us"和“c”则在两个国家都适用。

Energy Star：能源之星，是一项由美国政府所主导，主要针对消费性电子产品的能源节约计划，能源之星计划于1992年由美国环保署（EPA）所启动，目的是为了降低能源消耗及减少发电厂所排放的温室效应气体。

IEC：国际电工委员会（International Electrotechnical Commission），是世界上成立最早的国际性电工标准化机构，负责有关电气工程和电子工程领域中的国际标准化工作，世界各国有近10万名专家在参与IEC的标准制订、修订工作。

ENEC：（European Norms Electrical Certification，欧洲标准电器认证）是针对特定并符合欧洲标准的产品（如照明设备，组件，及办公室&数据设备）所使用的通用欧洲标，ENEC标志是欧洲安全认证通用标志，2000年开始原来只允许欧洲制造商采用的“ENEC”标志开始对全世界所有制造商开放使用。

翻译通用标准下面的通用标准是翻译时所必须了解的基础知识。

实际的项目一般都有自己特定的翻译规范，这些规范的优先级高于通用标准（客户第一）。

一、准确性在软件翻译中，准确性体现在两点：忠实原文+ 翻译一致性。

忠实原文：A.所有内容要准确翻译，严禁出现漏译和随意增删（注：科技翻译不同于文学翻译和日常语言，准确性是最重要的指标）。

B.公司专有名称及产品名称（如Microsoft，Microsoft Access for Windows）如有错译、错字或拼写问题，视为严重错误。

C.支持信息要准确。

英文原文一般会提供国外的技术支持信息。

翻成中文时一般要改为国内的支持信息（最新情况请要产品组确认）。

翻译一致性：A.同一文档相互参考的标题、术语和词条等要保持一致。

B.属同一主题的不同文档间的相互参考要保持一致（注：项目开始前，项目经理要对此进行规范）。

C.章节标题、产品名称、手册名称、帮助主题/跳转文字(jump)、脚注、图表及表格等翻译都要正确且前后一致。

二、词汇a)大多数客户都有自己产品的专用词汇表。

但也有少数客户未指定词汇表，此时要按照行业习惯表达进行翻译。

b)Microsoft 词汇表是行业比较标准的词汇表，如果没有专用参考词汇，我们大多要依据该词汇表（当然，翻译内容属于计算机方面）。

Microsoft 词汇集成在MILS 数据库（MILS 定期更新）中，请访问：http://172.16.5.5:8080/giaa/c)有些词在微软提供的词汇表中有多种翻译：此时要根据产品选择最确切的翻译。

如有疑问，请咨询项目经理（必要时请咨询MILS 或产品组）。

d)所有未在微软词汇表中提供的技术性词汇，必须采用业界通用的翻译，最后要向项目经理确认。

e)手册和帮助中的UI 词条要与软件产品一致。

三、文字表达文字表达是对中文语言的一般要求。

a)软件翻译是将其他语种的软件版本翻译成中文，其中不可避免地要涉及一些有关社会与文化差异的用语。

ansi认证标准是指由美国国家标准学会（American National Standard Institute，ANSI）所制定和发布的一系列标准。

这些标准涉及各种领域，包括但不限于质量管理、环境管理、职业安全、医疗器械等。

ANSI认证标准通常由ANSI认可的标准制定机构制定，经过公开、透明的程序，并经过严格的审核和批准。

这些标准具有自愿性，但被广泛接受和采用，成为美国及全球范围内的行业标准和参考依据。

ANSI认证标准对于提高产品质量、保障人身安全、促进国际贸易等方面具有重要意义。

通过采用ANSI认证标准，企业可以提升自身形象和市场竞争力，并获得客户的信任和认可。

(ｏ) 1 ANSI為美國國家標準協會的縮寫。

(ｘ) 2 TIA為美國電子工業協會的縮寫。

(ｘ) 3 ISO為工業標準組織的縮寫。

(ｏ) 4 IEEE為美國電子電機工程師協會的縮寫。

(ｏ) 5 TSB（Telecommunications System Bulletin）為通訊系統公告的縮寫。

(ｏ) 6 IEC為國際電工委員會。

(ｘ) 7 EIA為美國電機工業協會的縮寫。

(ｏ) 8 CNS是中國國家標準。

(ｏ) 9 DIN德國標準協會的縮寫。

(ｏ) 10 JIS日本工業規格協會的縮寫。

(ｏ) 11 BSI英國標準協會的縮寫。

(ｘ) 12 UL美國保險業試驗所的縮寫。

(ｏ) 13 FCC美國聯邦通訊委員會的縮寫。

(ｘ) 14 下圖為終端電阻接頭。

(ｏ) 15 下圖為RJ-45接頭。

(ｘ) 16 下圖為BNC接頭。

(ｏ) 17 下圖為網路環狀拓樸。

(ｘ) 18 STP為非屏蔽雙絞線。

(ｏ) 19 ScTP為銅網屏蔽雙絞線。

(ｘ) 20 UTP為屏蔽雙絞線。

(ｏ) 21 UTP為非屏蔽雙絞線。

(ｏ) 22 WA為工作區的縮寫。

(ｏ) 23 TR為電信室的縮寫。

(ｘ) 24 LED為雷射二極體的縮寫。

(ｏ) 25 HC為水平交叉接線的縮寫（Horizontal Cross-Connect）。

(ｏ) 26 IC為中間交叉接線的縮寫（Intermediate Cross- Connect）。

(ｏ) 27 ER為設備室的縮寫（Equipment Room ）。

(ｘ) 28 ACR（Attenuation Cross talk Rate）為衰減比。

(ｏ) 29 NEXT（Near-End Cross Talk）為近端串音。

(ｏ) 30 Return Loss為回流損失。

(ｏ) 31 Propagation Delay為傳導延遲。

(ｏ) 32 Delay Skew為延遲扭斜。

(ｘ) 33 Attenuation是指網路信號的放大率。

a-nsi标准
ANSI（American National Standards Institute）是一个有着长期历史的非营利性组织，它的宗旨是为美国全国和其他国家服务，以促进和加强它们的技术能力和促进各行业之间的国际化合作。

ANSI最早始建于1918年，其前身为美国技术协会（American Standards Association），1979年正式改名为了美国国家标准学会（American National Standards Institution）。

在该会的管理下，ANSI起草的标准称为“ANSI标准”，它至今仍未改变，任何注册在ANSI的产品或系统，必须符合ANSI标准。

ANSI标准通常体现了当前一般接受的最新技术，因此被大量使用。

ANSI标准不仅是美国及全球应用最广泛的标准，而且也成为其他技术标准的参考标准，如IEEE，CCITT等。