高中英语牛津译林版(2020)必修第三册全册课文及翻译

濒危遗产欢迎大家！很高兴来到这里。

在我们开始之前，我想问大家一个问题:您曾为自然奇观惊叹过吗?您曾为人类文明感到着迷吗?如果是这样的话，您可能已经明白为什么联合国教科文组织正在努力保护对人类具有重要意义的文化和自然遺址。

我相信你们中有些人听说过联合国教科文组织目录中的文化遗产，甚至可能参观过某一个遗址！目前，在全球160多个国家，有大约1100处文化遗产。

不幸的是，这些文化遗产面临着各种危险，其中许多亟须保护。

让我们来看看一些具体的问题。

自然力威胁着文化遗产。

长期的自然力，如风、水和温度，都会逐渐侵蚀这些遗产。

例如，吉萨大金字塔现在比原来矮了好几米。

自然灾害，即突然而强大的自然也可能破坏遗产:2003年，伊朗东南部发生了一场可怕的地震，摧毁了大部分巴姆城堡，巴姆城堡是一处极好的联合国教科文组织文化遗产。

另一个重要的危险因素是人类活动。

战争会对文化和自然产造成很大的破坏。

有时，令人惊叹的古代泥塑和建筑会在暴力活动期间意外地被导弹摧毁。

在一些经常爆发内战的冲突地区，武装分子甚至蓄意破坏遗产。

同时，世界文化遗产的重要地位也可能引发一系列问题。

其中一个问题就是大量的游客。

每年有数百万的游客前往联合国教科文组织世界遗产地旅游，所以这些遗产地遭受一些磨损和破坏是很自然的事。

柬埔寨吴哥的庙宇是独特建筑的典型代表。

每天，成千上万的游客爬上狭窄的石阶，磨损了这些古老的建筑，且长此以往可能给内部结构带来无法修复的破坏。

由于人口的增长，对产品的生产和消费的需求增加。

广泛的发展将我们的文化和自然遗产置于危险境地。

许多文化遗产甚至面临永远消失的危险。

以奥地利的维也纳历史中心为例。

自16世纪以来，维也纳这座城市就被视为欧洲的音乐之都，莫扎特和贝多芬等人都曾在此处居住。

由于维也纳市中心的高层建筑项目，维也那历史中心现在已被列入《世界濒危遗产名录》。

这些危险不仅会对遗址本身，也会对人们造成灾难性的后果。

例如，澳大利亚东北海岸的大堡礁是一处面临危险的自然遗产。

Unit 3ReadingSailing the oceans航海Zheng He郑和In the summer of 1405, Zheng He, one of China’s greatest explorers, set sail from Taicang on his first voyage.A fleet of over 200 ships navigated the blue seas, with almost 28,000 people on board, which was a splendid scene. It would take 500 years before a larger fleet sailed the seas. According to some records, the largest ships were over 140 metres in length, demonstrating the advanced technology and special skills used in constructing ships.1405年夏天，郑和，中国最伟大的探险家之一，从太仓启航，开始了他的第一次航行。

一支拥有200多艘船只的舰队在蓝色的海洋上航行，船上有近28，000人，一派壮丽的景象。

直到500年后，才有更大的舰队在海上航行。

根据一些记录，最大的船只长度超过140米，展示出当时用于建造船舶的先进技术和特殊技艺。

Between 1405 and 1433, on behalf of the Ming Dynasty, Zheng He made a total of seven voyages. His ships were loaded with china, silk, tea and other treasures as gifts for foreign rulers, and the fleet paid friendly visits to more than 30 countries and regions. He even sailed as far as the east coast of Africa. As they sailed, the navigators took compass readings, kept logs of their voyages and charted the coast. Later the detailed maps became Zheng He’s Navigation Map.1405年至1433年间，郑和代表明朝共出航七次。

牛津新教材选修三Unit3ReadingChinese characters:foundation of a remarkable writing system汉字:非凡书写系统的基础In the year1899,some mystical symbols carved on oracle bones attracted the attention of a scholar in Beijing.That was when people first began to realize the significance of these beautiful inscriptions.Since then,the mystery surrounding the origin of Chinese characters,the foundation of a remarkable writing system,has started to be revealed.1899年，甲骨文上的一些神秘符号引起了北京一位学者的注意。

从那时起，人们开始意识到这些美丽的铭文的重要性。

从那时起，围绕着汉字起源的谜团开始被揭开，汉字是一种非凡的书写系统的基础。

These oracle bone inscriptions,the earliest form of Chinese characters ever found to this day,are clear proof that the history of the Chinese writing system stretches back about3,500years.The inscriptions are highly complex,suggesting that earlier forms are yet to be discovered.All we have at the moment,however,is the legend of Cang Jie,who is said to have invented the first characters about5,000years ago.Legend has it that he saw animal tracks in the ground,and began drawing pictures of objects in nature,such as the moon,the sun and the trees.这些甲骨文是迄今为止发现的最早的汉字形式，清楚地证明了中国文字系统的历史可以追溯到大约3500年前。

Unit 2ReadingLife on a space station在空间站的生活Living in space is every would-be astronaut’s dream. My six-month stay on a space station has come to an end, and it has been a challenging but magical adventure. I bet you’d love to know what daily life is like up in space and how it differs from that on the Earth—the low gravity definitely makes ordinary things strange!在太空生活是每一个想要成为宇航员的人的梦想。

我在空间站为期六个月的驻扎已经结束了，这是一场充满挑战但又神奇的冒险。

我敢说你想知道太空中的日常生活是什么样的，还想知道那与地球上的生活有什么不同——低重力肯定会让平常之事变得奇怪!The strangeness of living in space is apparent from the moment we sleep. Due to the near absence of gravity in space, we have to attach ourselves so that we don’t float around. We usually sleep in private quarters, which are more like large cupboards, or in sleeping bags attached to the walls or the ceiling. It’s strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back, but the unusual beds don’t bother us any more. After about eight hours of sleep, we start our day of work.从我们睡觉的那一刻起，在太空生活的奇特之处就显而易见了。

附录:课文译文第一单元希望你在这里Reading加拿大——多元化的国度加拿大如同一朵盛开的花儿,绽放出惊人的美丽与丰富,深受那些喜欢其多元化的人们的青睐。

这是一个幅员辽阔、景色宜人的国家,从大西洋绵延至太平洋。

这也是世界上民族最为多元化的国家之一,有其独特的文化。

组成加拿大的十个省份和三个地区在地理风貌上有很大的差异。

太平洋海岸向东耸立着巍峨的落基山脉,这里有高耸的山峰和被冰川与水流侵蚀而成的深谷。

古老的冰川缓缓移动,向陆地靠近。

种类繁多的野生动物在偏远的森林中漫步。

国家公园的建立使得很多这样美丽的地方成为供公众游玩和欣赏的保护区,如班夫国家公园和贾斯珀国家公园。

加拿大真正独特的一处景点是雄伟壮阔的尼亚加拉瀑布。

水流从瀑布边缘倾泻而下,景色壮观,水声轰鸣。

除了其地理环境的多元化,加拿大的许多农村地区和城市中心还体现了其居民的多元化。

加拿大最早期的一些移民被认为是土著民族的祖先,从现称作西伯利亚的地方经由大陆桥穿越白令海峡而来。

数千年前,他们在这片辽阔的土地上定居。

数百年前,第一批欧洲人也开始在加拿大东部的一些省份定居。

今天,加拿大反映了各种民族背景的广泛融合。

加拿大人口中大约有五分之一是在外国出生的。

例如,主要的族群包括英格兰人、苏格兰人和法国人,而少数族裔包括来自新加坡和太平洋岛屿的居民。

种族多元化相应地导致文化多元化。

如果你发现自己置身于其中一种亚文化中,那么(它的)语言、饮食、建筑、艺术和音乐会说明你邂逅的是何种文化。

例如,在温哥华这个活力四射的城市,加拿大华人的比例全国最高,你可以参加中国新年的庆祝活动,也可以到中山公园喝喝茶。

在蒙特利尔,世界最大的讲法语的城市之一,你可以品尝具有典型法式风味的美食,还可以观赏原汁原味的法式风格建筑。

最后,如果你想独辟蹊径的话,可以去新斯科舍省的布雷顿角岛玩玩。

在岛上你可以随着小提琴的曲调翩翩起舞,领略凯尔特移民的文化和传统。

当你接触到不同的文化时,你可能会产生穿越时空之感。

M3U1 FogWarningWhen Polly left home that morning, the city was already covered in a grey mist.At lunch, the radio forecast that the mist would become a thick fog in theafternoon. At four o’ clock,Polly left work and stepped out into the fog. Shewondered if the buses would still be running. No buses to King StreetOnce out in the street, she walked quickly towards her usual bus stop. ‘ How farare you going? ’ the bus conductor asked her before he took her ‘fareKing. Street, ’said Polly. ‘ Sorry, Miss, ’ replied the man, ‘ the truth is that it is too foggy for the bus torun that far. Take the Underground to Green Park. The weather might be better thereand you might be able to get a taxi. ’A tall manAs Polly observed the passengerson the train, she had a feeling that she wasbeing watched by a tall man in a dark overcoat. At last the train arrived at GreenPark station. While the rest of the passengerswere getting out, she glanced at thefaces around her. The tall man was nowhere to be seen.FootstepsWhen Polly got to the station entrance, it was empty. Outside, wherever shelooked the fog lay like a thick, grey cloud. There was no one in sight. Polly set offtowards Park Street. As she walked along the narrow street, she heard the sound offootsteps approaching, but by the time she reached the corner of the street, thefootsteps were gone. Suddenly Polly felt a rough hand brush her cheek, and she heard aman’ svoice in her ear saying ‘ Sorry.The’ man moved away. She could feel her heartbeating with fear.The helpful strangerThen she heard the sound again—soft footsteps behind her. A minute before, shehad wished for someone to come along. Now she wanted to run, but fear held her still.The footsteps seemed close now. Then a man voice ’cames out of the darkness. ‘ Isanybody there? ’Polly hesitated. At last she answered, ‘ Hello, I think I ’ m lost. ’A few seconds later, a hand reached out and grasped her arm. Polly found herselfstaring up at the face of an old man with a beard‘.Maybe I can help you. Which roaddo you want? ’ he asked.‘ I live at 86 King Street, ’ Polly replied.‘ Just take my hand, ’ said the man. ‘ Come with me. You ’ ll be all right. ’Polly ’ s hand. ‘ Watch out for the step here. ’In his other hand the man carried a stick. Polly heard it hit the step. ‘ Icanremember some terrible fogs, but maybe that was before your time. I can ’ t see youface, but you sound young. How old are you? ’‘ Just twenty, ’ answered‘PollyAh,twenty!. A nice age to be. I was young once.‘ I ’ m quite lost now. Are you sureyou know the way? ’ Polly was beginning tofeel frightened again. ‘ Of course. You really shouldn ’ t feel anxious. ’ He held her hanmore firmly.The grateful helper‘ Here we are. King Street. stopped’He.‘ Thank you so much for coming to my aid, ’ said Polly in relief. ‘ Would you to come in and rest for a while? ‘ It ’ s’very nice of you, ’ said the man, ‘ but I ’ ll beThere may be more people lost today, and I ’ d like to help them. Yfogu thissee, abad is rare. It gives me the chance to pay back the help that people give me when itsunny. A blind person like me can ’ t get across the road without help, except in a foglike this. ’雾雾警报那天早上当波莉离开家，城市已经被一层灰色的薄雾覆盖。

牛津英语必修三课文原文及中文翻译M3U1 FogWarningWhen Polly left home that morning, the city was already covered in a grey mist. At lunch, the radio forecast that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon. At four o’clock, Polly left work and stepped out into the fog. She wondered if the buses would still be running. No buses to King StreetOnce out in the street, she walked quickly towards her usual bus stop. ‘How far are you going?’ the bus conductor asked her before he took her fare. ‘King Street,’ said Polly. ‘Sorry, Miss,’ replied the man, ‘the truth is that it is too foggy for the bus to run that far. Take the Underground to Green Park. The weather might be better there and you might be able to get a taxi.’A tall manAs Polly observed the passengers on the train, she had a feeling that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark overcoat. At last the train arrived at Green Park station. While the rest of the passengers were getting out, she glanced at the faces around her. The tall man was nowhere to be seen.FootstepsWhen Polly got to the station entrance, it was empty. Outside, wherever she looked the fog lay like a thick, grey cloud. There was no one in sight. Polly set off towards Park Street. As she walked along the narrow street, she heard the sound of footsteps approaching, but by the time she reached the corner of the street, the footsteps were gone. Suddenly Polly felt a rough hand brush her cheek, and she heard a man’s voice in her ear saying ‘Sorry.’ The man moved away. She could feel her heart beating with fear.The helpful strangerThen she heard the sound again—soft footsteps behind her. A minute before, she had wished for someone to come along. Now she wanted to run, but fear held her still. The footsteps seemed close now. Then a man’s voice came out of the darkness. ‘Is anybo dy there?’Polly hesitated. At last she answered, ‘Hello, I think I’m lost.’A few seconds later, a hand reached out and grasped her arm. Polly found herself staring up at the face of an old man with a beard. ‘Maybe I can help you. Which road do you want?’ he asked.‘I live at 86 King Street,’ Polly replied.‘Just take my hand,’ said the man. ‘Come with me. You’ll be all right.’ He took Polly’s hand. ‘Watch out for the step here.’In his other hand the man carried a stick. Polly heard it hit the step. ‘I ca n remember some terrible fogs, but maybe that was before your time. I can’t see your face, but you sound young. How old are you?’‘Just twenty,’ answered Polly. ‘Ah, twenty! A nice age to be. I was young once. Now we’re at the crossroads. Turn left here.’‘I’m quite lost now. Are you sure you know the way?’ Polly was beginning to feel frightened again. ‘Of course. You really shouldn’t feel anxious.’ He held her hand more firmly.。

第三单元文本InternetA world without frontiersThe Internet has the Dower to connect people across the world to a single shared community. Billions of people in different parts of the world have joined it already, and obviously many more will follow. Even in the countryside, the Internet enables people to reach beyond their villages and get in touch with the outside world. We can achieve almost anything online—with access to the Internet come some truly life-changing advantages.One of the greatest advantages of the Internet lies in the quick and easy access to a huge amount of information. To a certain extent， the world's knowledge is a ll at our fingertips. With the click of a mouse or the touch of a button, it is possible to find out almost anything we care to know, from recipes to travel packages, from military affairs to learning resources. In the time it takes to find one book in the library, we can use a search engine to bring up millions of results. No wonder the Internet has now become the first place that the majority of people turn to for information.The Internet has also made our lives unbelievably convenient, with all sorts of goods and services provided by electronic commerce, more commonly known as e-commerce. You can have food delivered to you using food delivery apps and sites. Gone are the days of searching shop after shop for the perfect pair of boots—you can compare styles and prices quickly and easily in the comfort of your living room. Why wait hopelessly for a taxi in the cold rain? It is now simple and fast to order one with a taxi app. Sit back and relax indoors for a few warm minutes until the driver arrives. When you wish to go on holiday, you can make all your travel arrangements just in front of the computer. Forgot to carry cash? There is no need tn worry—you can pay for almost everything on your smartphone.Above all else, the Internet helps us establish and maintain social ties. With all sorts of communication software, physical distance no longer gets in the way. No matter where we are, we are able to keep in contact with loved ones, find long-lost friends and discover whole new communities who share our hobbies. An instant message, a group chat, a video call, a comment on anupdate—there are endless ways to share our views or let someone know we care about them.However, while the Internet brings many valuable advantages, being connected has its problems. As with any great invention, we must be aware of these problems and be careful to use the Internet properly and responsibly. Only in this way can the Internet be a place of discovery, wonder and inspiration for everyone. It is truly a world without frontiers.Smartphone, a smart choice?I was a smartphone addict. My eyes were glued to the little screen whenever I walked down the street, had dinner with friends or lay in bed at night. The first thing I did when I woke up in the morning was reach for my phone. 1 always asked for Wi-Fi connections when 1 went to a new restaurant or coffee shop. A dead battery in my smartphone would make me feel stressed. Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling that this little machine had taken up too much of my time, and that I could have done something more meaningful than just looking at a tiny screen all day. Sliding into the habit was easy, but it was difficult to quit the habit.Then the day came when I finally realized I had to make a change. Head down, eyes on my smartphone, I stepped into the road and a car shot past, nearly knocking me off my feet! At that very moment, I made up my mind to spend a whole week without my smartphone.The first day was the hardest. I was used to checking the new$ and my friends, social media updates every few minutes, but now I did not know what to do with myself. I kept reaching for my pocket, for my smartphone that was not there. I felt lost and anxious, as if I had missed something of value. Very soon, time slowed down. The empty hours stretched out in front of me, and I felt disconnected from everyone and everything.It was scary at first. Then somehow I began to feel free. The things that I had time for! I finally picked up the classic novel I had always wanted to read and was. soon lost in the beautiful language. I kept a journal of my feelings, thoughts and daily activities to see how much progress I was making. I went out for a run and felt more alive than I had in days. The details of the scene were revealed in front of me: the soft sunlight, a bird singing from a high tree branch, the rich and earthy smell of the soil after the rain. Best of all, I began to appreciate the beauty in life with my own eyes, instead of through my smartphone camera.My offline relationships benefited as well. I went for a long walk with an old friend. Our wide-ranging conversation went so much deeper than brief texts ever could. With eyes no longer fixed on our phones, we had a chance to really enjoy each other's company. I also made sure to spend more time with my parents. We went to the opera, played badminton, and visited museums. One night, my mother took out some family photos and we laughed about old times.I brought them up to date with what was going on in my life. We had never felt closer to each other.By the end of the week, I almost did not want to turn my phone back on. Those seven days have given me a great appreciation for life beyond the screen. Real life— and real relationships—are more important to me now. I cannot escape from the modern world, but I can cut back on the amount of time I spend on my smartphone every day, and I do. Life beyond smartphones is richer and more beautiful, and I am going to take advantage of it.。