中学生科普英语趣味阅读低年级阅读材料(2)

Reading and Vocabulary Development Unit 2 Lesson 1 Why Do We Yawn?Bears yawn. Camels yawn. Most mammals yawn. Why do we yawn? No one really knows the answer.We do know that everyone yawns in the same way. First you open your mouth slowly. Your mouth stays open for about five seconds. Then you quickly close your mouth.We also know that yawning is contagious, or catching. When you see someone yawn, you yawn, too. Many people say that they yawn because they are bored or tired. This might be true. However, we know that people also yawn when they are excited or nervous. Olympic runners , for example, often yawn before a race. Why is that?Some scientists believe that yawning makes you more alert. When you yawn, you breathe more deeply. You also stretch the muscles in your face and neck. Maybe this makes you feel more alert.Scientists don’t spend much time studying yawning. That is probably because yawning doesn’t hurt. It is just something we do . (158words)1.True or False,or Not Given.1)________Many different kinds of mammals yawn.2)________People only yawn when they are bored.3)________When you yawn, your breathing changes.4)________You can’t yawn when you ar e excited.5)________Some people yawn quickly and some yawn very slowly.6)_______ Scientists don’t know why people yawn.7)_______ Runners never yawn before a race.8)________You stretch your neck muscles when you yawn.2.Circle the number of the main idea of the text.1) Many kinds of animals yawn, but we don’t know why.2) Scientists want to know why yawning is contagious.3) All animals yawn in the same way.3.4.Put the right word to each blank.alert deep muscles might boring excited Quickly stretch contagious however race yawn 1)Soccer players have strong legs _________because they run a lot. 2)3)I ______go to the party , but I am not sure.3）4）Headaches are not _________.5）6）Airplane pilots need to be _______ on the job.7）8）A kiwi is a bird. ________, it doesn’t have wings.9）10）Children can’s sleep when they are ________.11）12）He doesn’t like to swim in ______ water.13）14）Swimmers are tired after a long ___________.15）Do you breathe _________________when you are afraid? 16）Do you cover your mouth when you __________?17）You should ________in the morni ng.It’s good for your muscles. 18）He thinks traveling is ________, but I think it’s exciting.19）。

小学英语科普类阅读材料范文Dive into the fascinating world of science with our engaging elementary English reading material! Imagine stepping into a magical realm where the tiniest of creatures hold the secrets to the universe, and the vast cosmos whispers stories of the stars. This is the adventure that awaits you in our carefully curated collection of science readings designed to ignite curiosity and foster a love for learning.Embark on a journey through the colorful rainforests, where the vibrant flora and fauna come alive with each turn of the page. Discover the intricate dance of the food chain, where every creature plays a crucial role in maintaining the delicate balance of life. Marvel at the ingenuity of the beaver as it builds its complex dams, or the industriousness of the ants as they work tirelessly to support their colony.Then, let's soar to the skies and beyond, as we explore the mysteries of space. Learn about the life cycle of stars, from their fiery births to their dramatic supernova explosions. Uncover the secrets of the planets in our solar system, each with its own unique characteristics and captivating stories. Did you know that Jupiter is the largest planet, with a Great Red Spot that's a storm larger than Earth itself?But our exploration doesn't stop there. Delve into theworld of technology and witness the marvels of human innovation. From the first wheel to the latest advancementsin robotics, science has always been at the forefront of progress. Understand how electricity powers our world, andhow the simple magnet can revolutionize the way we thinkabout energy.Each reading is crafted with simplicity and clarity, ensuring that even the youngest of minds can grasp complex concepts with ease. Engaging illustrations accompany the text, bringing the wonders of science to life in a way that is both educational and entertaining.So, are you ready to embark on this extraordinary voyageof discovery? Grab your thinking caps, and let's set sail for the horizons of knowledge, where every question is aninvitation to explore, and every answer is a stepping stoneto a brighter future. Welcome to the world of elementary English science reading materials, where learning is an adventure waiting to happen!。

Reading and Vocabulary Development Unit 2 Lesson 2 Why Do People Laugh?Do you laugh every day? Most people do . Scientists say that people laugh about 17 times a day. That is a lot of laughter.In India, there are hundreds of laughter clubs. The people in these clubs get together every morning. First they stretch their hands above their heads. Then they pretend to laugh. Soon everyone is laughing naturally. People say they feel good after laughing together.Scientists believe that laughter is good for you . Why? For one thing, Laughter is good exercise. When you laugh, you exercise many muscles in you body. Scientists say that one hundred laughs equals ten minutes of running. When you laugh, you also breathe deeply. This helps you relax. That’s g ood for you,too.Why do we laugh? That is a hard question to answer. We know that people laugh more often in a group. They don’t laugh very often when they are alone.Many scientists believe that we use laughter to connect to other people. Laughter helps us feel part of a group.In English, people say that laughter is the best medicine. Some think that laughter helps sick people get well. Do you think so,too?1.True ,False of NG(not given)______1). There are laughter clubs in many countries.______2). Laughter is a kind of exercise.______3). You need to stretch before you laugh.______4).People laugh more often when they are alone.______5). All mammals laugh.______6).Laughter clubs help people feel good.______7).Laughter might help us connect to other people.2.Circle the number of the main idea of the text.ughter helps you relax.B. Laughter is good for you .C. People laugh every day.3. Put the right word in each blank.clubs exercise medicine relax connect hardnaturally well equals laugh pretend soon1)In the movies, actors ____________to be someone else.2)It’s hard to ___________before a test.3)Five plus ten _____________fifteen.4)You need to ____________a telephone before you can use it.5)Playing soccer, walking, and bicycling are types of _______.6)You should go to a doctor when you don’t feel________.7)It’s __________to laugh when you hear something funny.8)You can buy _________________in a drugstore or pharmacy.9)Many high school students belong to school _____________.10)I think science is easy, but my brother thinks it is __________.11)I like her stories because they make me ___________.12) The bus should be here ___________. It’s never late.。

英语专项阅读—科普小品AWe know that many animals do not stay in one place. Birds, fish and other animals move from one place to another at a certain time. They move for different reasons: most of them move to find food more easily, but some move to get away from places that are too crowded.When cold weather comes, many birds move to warmer places to find food. Some fishes give birth in warm water and move to cold water to feed. The most famous migration is probably the migration of one kind of fish, which is called “salmon”. This fish is born in fresh water but it travels many miles to salt water. There it spends most of its life. When it is old, it returns to its birthplace in fresh water. Then it gives birth and dies there. In northern Europe, there is a kind of mouse. They leave their mountain home when it becomes too crowded. They move down to the low land. Sometimes they move all the way to the seaside, and many of them are killed when they fall into the sea.Recently, scientists have studied the migration of a kind of lobster(龙虾). Every year, when the season of the bad weather arrives, the lobsters get into a long line and start to walk across the bottom of the ocean. Nobody knows why they do this, and nobody knows where they go.So, sometimes we know why humans and animals m ove from one place to another, but at other times we don’t. Maybe living things just like to travel.Choose the best answer according to the passage.( )1. The main reason why animals move from one place to another is ________.A. to find food more easilyB. that they are afraid of humansC. that they feel too crowdedD. that they don’t like the same place( )2. The salmon is born in ________ and live in ________ most of the time.A. warm water; fresh waterB. cold water; salt waterC. fresh water; salt waterD. warm water; cold water( )3. The underlined word “migration” in the second paragraph means “______” in Chinese.A. 撤退B. 迁徙C. 活动D. 游动( )4. The lobsters usually move when ________.A. the place is crowdedB. winter comesC. the bad weather arrivesD. they give birth ( )5. What’s the main idea of this passage?A. The migration of some animals.B. Why living things like to travel.C. Some interesting fishes.BWhat is life on Pluto(冥王星) like? Is it any different to life on the earth?If you lived on Pluto, you’d have to live 248 earth years to celebrate your first birthday in Pluto years. It takes Pluto much longer to make one lap (circle) around the sun. One Pluto year is the same as 248 earth years.If you weigh 45 kilograms on the earth, you would weigh only 3.6 kilograms on Pluto! Pluto is much smaller than the earth. Gravity(重力) on Pluto is only 8 percent of that on the earth.Remember to bring plenty of clothes if you visit the star. Pluto is cold. Because it is far away from the sun, the temperature on it is about 200 degrees centigrade below zero. It gets even colder as it moves farther from the sun in its orbit(轨道). From Pluto, the sun looks like a dot in the sky, and it is the brightest star you can see. The light from the sun is as bright on Pluto as the light from the full moon on the earth.Complete the table below according to the passage.A 1-5 ACBCAB 1. 248 2. 3.6 kg 3. 100% 4. 200℃below zero5. The light from the sun is as bright on Pluto as the light from the full moon on the earth.CBananas don’t grow on trees. They grow on a thick stalk(茎) that looks just a little like a stalk of corn. The stalk is soft enough to be cut with a knife.It takes about a year before bananas are ready to be picked. Some are as small as fingers. Others are as long and thick as men’s arms. Some banana plants grow as tall as a house — even taller!Not all bananas are eaten as fruit. Some never get sweet, and they are cooked as a kind of vegetable.People in most countries never see a banana until it reaches the store. But if you visited a country where it’s hot and rains a lot all the year, you might see a banana plantation(种植园), a large farm where bananas grow.The tasty fruit doesn’t come from a seed but from a root planted deep in the ground. First a stalk pushes up into the air. Then leaves appear. In the beginning the banana plant grows very fast—sometimes as much as the length of your feet in one night. Soon, sweet-smelling flowers appear, and when their flowers drop off, bananas begin to grow.As they get bigger, bananas start turning up. It looks as if they’re growin g upside down! Bananas are ready to eat when they turn soft and yellow. But they’re picked long before this —when they’re hard and bright green. This is because bananas have to travel many miles before they arrive at a store. On trucks and boats and trains bananas travel all over the world. There are special boats just for bananas and special trains that keep them just cool enough so that they will get ripe while traveling. If bananas are picked when they are ripe, they will spoil(变坏) on the way. Complete the following sentences according to the passage.1. Bananas grow ________ instead of ________.2. You’d better ________ the bananas until they grow for ________.3. Some bananas can ________ a kind of vegetable and some can ________.4. We might visit a banana plantation in a place ________.5. Bananas are usually picked long before they _________.DAre you bored with learning about insects in books? Why not find a few and take a close look by yourself? It’s easy. Insects are everywhere: not just at home or around lights at night, but also in flowers and vegetable gardens, near lakes, parks and in forests.To have fun watching insects, you need:Start by reading books about the insects you’re after. Where can you 1 them? Do they live beside a lake or in trees? When you go out to watch insects, bring along an insect guide 2 pictures with you. A good choice would be “Souvenirs Entomologiques(《昆虫记》)”by Jean Henri Fabre.Dress properly because some insects bite! Don’t 3 trousers and shirts with long sleeves(袖子). Bring a first-aid box.Once you’re ready, an early morning and a nearby park would be a good 4 to start.Insects like to hide in 5 and humid places. Try moving stones and checking flowers, leaves and the soil. Collect insects 6 using a piece of card to pick them up. You may use a magnifier(放大镜) to 7 what insects do. Or, you can put them on a piece of clean paper to look 8 at them. How many legs do they have? What color are they?You also can swing(晃动) your net across the top of the grass. You’ll 9 small bugs (insects) at the end of your net. To catch a bigger bug, 10 the net over the insects and down to the ground. Then raise the end of it 11 the insect can fly to the closed top. Put your bug into a clear bottle, then you can 12 watching it with the magnifier.If you can’t find bugs, try to lure(引诱) them! Place a small jar into the ground so the mouth is even(平的) with the ground. Put a small piece of meat into the jar at the end of the day and check your jar 13 —many insects are active at night. Put new things into the jar every few days and empty it if it 14 .After watching, remember to put insects back 15 you found them.Watch bees only from a distance. They are good insects, but you must be careful not to get stung(螫). Choose the best word or phrase to complete the passage.( )1. A. find B. invent C. discover D. search( )2. A. for B. by C. of D. with( )3. A. take B. forget C. wear D. bring( )4. A. time or place B. place or time C. time and place D. place and time( )5. A. hot B. cool C. warm D. cold( )6. A. at B. for C. though D. by( )7. A. watch B. look for C. read D. see( )8. A. easily B. happily C. closely D. comfortably( )9. A. notice B. hurt C. catch D. feel( )10. A. bring B. take off C. make D. sign( )11. A. that B. so that C. so as to D. when( )12. A. practice B. finish C. keep on D. enjoy( )13. A. during the day B. at night C. in the morning D. in the afternoon( )14. A. rains B. will rain C. rained D. has rained( )15. A. when B. where C. how D. thatKey:C 1. on thick stalks, growing on trees 2. not pick, about a year3. be cooked as, be eaten as fruit4. where it’s hot and rains a lot all the year5. turn soft and yellow / are ripeD 1-5 ADBCB 6-10 DACCA 11-15 BDCAB。

小学科普英语趣味阅读汉语译文P1 fern(蕨，蕨类植物（植物，作物）r（花）s（叶子）g ht（阳光）（水）seed（种子）（花瓣）（根） stem（茎）（水果） soil（土壤，泥土）P2 植物是什么？植物是生物。

所有的生物都能生长。

大部分的生物是植物或动物。

植物用来自太阳的能量来制造自身（所需）养分。

它们的叶子就像食物工厂。

植物（通过）吸收阳光、空气和水并把他们转变成养分。

既然植物通过它们的叶子制造养分，它们就是地球上其它所有生物的（生存）基础。

P3 植物能在海洋里和陆地上生存。

它们形状不同，大小各异，小到微小的水生植物，大到参天的森林大树。

有了光和水，植物可以在任何地方生长。

问与答：1．植物用什么来制造自身（所需）养分？2．植物在哪里制造养分？P4 MINI 资料植物能生长在雪域。

植物能生长在沙漠。

睡莲生长在池塘或湖里。

P5 植物的各部分大部分植物都有根、茎和叶。

许多植物还能开花结果。

每个部分都能对植物的生存和生长发挥作用。

果实果实里包含种子。

动物吃了果实然后使种子得以传播到四面八方。

花许多植物都开花，新的种子和果实都长自花。

茎植物的茎在地面上长大。

茎为叶子输送水份和矿物质。

叶叶子从植物的茎上长出来。

叶子用阳光制造养分供给整株植物。

根植物的根长在地下。

植物的生存和生长需要水分。

根部能从泥土里吸收水分和矿物质。

P8 植物对于生命（的意义）人与动物需要氧气来生存。

绿色植物制造空气中的氧气。

植物怎样制造氧气呢？植物通过它们叶子上的小孔来呼吸。

这些孔通常位于叶子的背面。

植物吸收二氧化碳。

二氧化碳经过这些小孔进入（叶子）。

植物把阳光吸收进它们的叶子里。

这些叶子就用二氧化碳、阳光和水来制造养分和氧气。

植物从它们的叶子里将氧气释放在空气中。

（若）没有植物制造的氧气，动物们将不能在地球上生存。

P9 游戏……疑问……植物（会）呼吸吗？你会看到这一现象发生。

做些什么（步骤）：1. 采摘些大的绿叶。

2. 往托盘里倒些水，将叶子背面朝上放进托盘里。

2024年中考英语新热点时文阅读-科普新知01（2023上·浙江·九年级期中）Whether yellow, red or white, the onion is a vegetable that you may not know well. The list of uses in cooking for it is endless. People have used onions to add flavor (味道) to their foods for thousands of years. Besides onions’ great taste, they are very good for you. They have special chemicals (化学物质) that improve your ability to fight off sickness and you have fewer chances of getting a disease.No matter how good onions are for you, it is difficult to cut an onion without your eyes filling with tears! When you cut into an onion, irritating chemicals inside the onion will get into the air. They touch your whole eves and cause pain. Your eyes make tears to wash away the chemicals and protect your eyes.Luckily, cooks and scientists have discovered some ways to keep you from crying when you cut up onions:●Cut the onion under running water. The water will wash away the chemicals before they can reach your eyes.●Use a fan to blow air over the onion as you cut it. The air will blow the chemicals away from your eyes.●Put the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting. This helps make the chemicals in the onion move slowly, so they may not ever reach your eyes.If you try out these good ideas and still cry while cutting onions, don’t worry. Scientists think if you cut more onions, your body will become more resilient to the onion’s chemicals. So the tears will not last long. If you think about how healthy onions are, you might even call those tears “happy tears”.1．Why can onions help you fight off sickness?A．Because they have different colors.B．Because they have many uses in cooking.C．Because they have great taste.D．Because they have special chemicals.2．Why do your eyes make tears when you cut onions?A．To improve physical condition.B．To prevent common diseases.C．To wash away irritating chemicals.D．To cause terrible pain.3．What can you do to stop crying according to the text?①Cut the onion under running water.②Use a fan to blow air over the onion while cutting.③Cover the onion with a piece of cloth as you cut it.④Put the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting.A．①②③B．①②④C．①③④D．②③④4．In which section of a magazine can you probably read the text?A．Life and Health.B．Language and Culture.C．Business World.D．National News.02（2022上·四川遂宁·九年级统考期末）It’s said that China uses 45 billion pairs of chopsticks a year. Here’ssome information about chopstick’s history.Chopsticks have a long history of more than 3,000 years in China. The recorded history of chopsticks is as early as the Shang Dynasty (1600-1046 BC). According to an article about Chinese history, the emperor of the Shang Dynasty (商朝) used chopsticks made of ivory.Legends (传说) about how chopsticks were invented▲ One is about Jiang Ziya. He was told by a bird to use bamboo sticks to pick up meat. When smoke came from bamboo sticks, he found out that his wife wanted to use poisonous (有毒的) food to kill him.▲ Another is about Da Ji. She used to please Emperor Zhou by picking up hot meat with hair sticks.▲ The third one is about Da Yu. He invented wooden chopsticks to pick up hot food to save time over the meal while preparing for flood control work (控制洪水).Materials of chopsticks●Bamboo has been the most popular material used for chopsticks because it is not expensive, easy-to-get, resistant (有抵抗力的) to heat, and has no terrible odor or taste.●Wood: Cedar, sandal wood, teak and pine have also been used.●Jade (玉、翡翠) and metal: In the past, the wealthy people had chopsticks made of jade. People also used some metals such as gold and silver to make chopsticks.● Porcelain (瓷器) and plastic: These two materials are used in modern times because of the development of technology.5．How many legends are mentioned (被提到) in the passage?A．Three.B．Four.C．Five.D．Six.6．Who wanted to kill Jiang Ziya according to the passage ?A．Da Ji.B．Da Yu.C．The emperor.D．His wife.7．What does the underlined word “odor” probably mean in Chinese ?A．硬度B．触觉C．气味D．视觉8．Which of the following is NOT the reason why bamboo is used to make chopsticks?A．Bamboo is resistant to heat.B．Bamboo grows fast everywhere.C．Bamboo is not expensive to get.D．Bamboo doesn’t taste terrible.9．What’s the purpose of the passage?A．To tell us some legends of using chopsticks.B．To explain why chopsticks are popular.C．To tell us how to use chopsticks to eat meals.D．To tell us some information about chopsticks.03（2022上·安徽六安·九年级统考期末）We all know the strange feeling of watching the time change on a clock. You never see it change because the hands move so slowly. But of course, the time is changing all the time.Human faces, like clock faces, are also changing. And like clocks, the changes take place too slowly to be noticed. Over many thousands of years, though, huge changes are possible. For example, the human brain tripled (三倍) in size and began to think more. Our faces became flatter (平坦的).If our heads became larger in the past, how will things change in the future? Unlike the changes of a clock face, the changes in human faces are very difficult to predict (预测). One of the main reasons for this is the way in which we can now control parts of nature. Hundreds of thousands of years ago, all changes were natural, but now we can actively choose ways for our own evolution (进化).Just a few hundred years ago, most humans were working in the fields, whereas nowadays more and more people receive education. These are just predictions, and no one can be sure how human beings will become in the future. But with such huge changes in our environment, it seems likely that we will look very different in the future. 10．The changes of human are hardly noticed because ________.A．human faces never change B．the human brain becomes biggerC．the changes take place too slowly D．we never think about the changes11．The third paragraph tells us ________.A．human faces can’t be controlled by usB．human faces used to be changed by natureC．it is easy to predict the changes in human changesD．human can’t change the size of the brain in the future12．From the last paragraph, we can learn that ________.A．the predictions will surely be true B．people in the past liked to be educatedC．future humans must have larger heads D．humans will not look the same as today04（2022上·浙江宁波·九年级统考期末）In the story Snow White, the jealous queen decides to get rid of Snow White once and for all with an apple dipped in deadly poison (毒药). Thanks to some helpful dwarfs and a handsome prince, Snow White recovers (恢复). But the queen didn’t need to go to all that trouble. In fact, apples, along with many common fruits we eat are already poisonous! But don’t worry—it won’t harm you. It’s only the seeds you need to avoid.Apple trees belong to a plant family called Prunus (蔷薇科树). This group also includes peaches, cherries and so on. The seeds and pits (果核) of all these fruits contain a chemical called amygdalin (苦杏仁苷). Inside an animal’s stomach, amygdalin turns into a strong poison called cyanide (氰化物). And cyanide can make people and animals very sick, or even kill them.Still, don’t worry if you accidentally swallow a few apple seeds. Each seed has only a very tiny amount of poison. You’d have to eat a large bowlful of seeds to feel any effect. And you’d need to chew them well—the hard, shiny shells of apple seeds keep the poison locked inside. Unchewed seeds usually pass right through and come out whole in your poop (粪便). But cows and other animals often chew up seeds along with the fruit, so they can get sick from eating apples and plums that fall to the ground.Why would a tree make poisoned seeds? To stop animals from nibbling on them! Amygdalin tastes terrible. It’salso found in leaves and other parts of fruit trees. If a deer or cow chews on apple leaves, it gets a nasty taste and an upset stomach. Animals soon learn to leave those trees alone. Thanks, amygdalin!13．Why does the writer mention the story of Snow White in the first paragraph?A．To amuse the readers.B．To provide an example.C．To express an opinion.D．To lead in to the topic.14．According to the passage, amygdalin is contained in ______.A．A B．B C．C D．D15．What does the underlined word “nibble” mean in paragraph four?A．pollute B．touch C．break D．eat16．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?A．A tree makes poisoned seeds to protect itself.B．There’s tiny amount of poison in each apple seed.C．It’s not harmful for animals to chew up seeds with fruit.D．It’s just OK to swallow several seeds without chewing up.05（2023上·浙江温州·九年级校考竞赛）How do people think differently? This has always been unusual. To search an answer, a scientist named J. P. Guilford started a famous study of creativity in the 1970s, known as the nine-dot puzzle (九点谜题). He asked the participants (参与者) to connect all nine dots using only four straight lines, without lifting their pencils from the page.All the participants looked for solutions within the square they imagined. Only 20 percent managed to break out of the square and continue their lines in the white space around the dots, while the rest of them were blinded by the boundaries (边界) of the square.The results of Guilford’s study led him to a conclusion: creativity needs you to go outside the box. The idea was widely spread soon. Overnight, it seemed that creativity experts everywhere were teaching managers how to think outside the box. The idea was so popular that no one thought of checking the facts. No one, that is, before two different research teams— Clarke Burmham with Kenneth Davis, and Joseph Alba with Robert Weisberg—did another experiment.To make sure that Guilford’s study is correct, both teams divided participants into two groups. The first group was given the same instructions as the participants in Guilford’s experiment. The second group was told to draw the lines outside the imagined box. Guess what? Only a little more than 20 percent solved the puzzle, which is no big difference from the result of Guilford’s experiment.Let’s look a little more closely at the surprising result. Solving this problem requires people to think outside the box. However, direct and clear instructions to “think outside the box” do not help participants improve their performance. The widely spread idea that out-of-the-box thinking makes people more creative can, in some way, be dangerous. After all, with one simple but brilliant experiment, researchers had proved that the connection between thinking outside the box and creativity was a misunderstanding.17．The nine-dot puzzle study is mainly focused on ________.A．how people do things in real life B．what people see in the experimentC．how people think in different ways D．what knowledge people have learned18．Why did the two research teams do the following experiment?A．To discover the main idea of Guiford’s study.B．To show different views against Guiford’s study.C．To collect supporting details for Guiford’s study.D．To double-check the correctness of Guiford’s study. 19．From the passage, we can learn that _________.A．boundaries sometimes make people think less creativelyB．clear instructions influence how people solve problemsC．few people performed better with the clear instructionsD．the methods of nine-dot puzzle study need to be improved20．Which is the best title for the passage?A．Puzzle Solving: A Key To Creativity B．Nine-Dot Puzzle: A Magic TestC．Thinking Outside the Box: A Misleading Idea D．Creative Thinking: An Unusual Topic06（2023上·浙江温州·九年级校联考阶段练习）①Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree? Animals can’t talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees, behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive.②Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the “hurt” adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.③Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.④Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don’t make nests. But they get into other birds’ nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.⑤Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losingchimp take the winner’s hand and start fighting again.⑥Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don’t hear them, and they don’t need to share their food.⑦As children, many of us learn the saying “You can’t fool Mother Nature.” But maybe you can’t trust her, either.21．A plover protects its young from a predator by ________.A．getting closer to its young B．driving away the adult predatorC．leaving its young in another nest D．pretending to have a wound22．By “Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky” (Paragraph⑤), the author means ________.A．chimps are always honest B．chimps are sometimes dishonestC．chimps are ready to fight others D．chimps can be selfish23．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.B．The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner’s hand.C．Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.D．Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.24．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A．How does honesty help animals survive?B．Do animals lie?C．Does Mother Nature fool animals?D．How do animals learn to lie?07（2022上·山东烟台·九年级统考期末）These days, wearing a face mask (口罩) is a common thing to do, and it helps prevent diseases during COVID-19. However, that also means single-use face masks, gloves, and other PPE are the newest forms of rubbish on city streets, beaches, and in the ocean.This is bad for all, and there are many reasons. And one of the worst ones is that the littered face masks can seriously hurt animals. Ashley Fruno, a member of an animal rights group said, “Face masks aren’t going away soon.” So when we throw them away, they can be bad for the environment and the animals that live on the same planet as us.Monkeys have been found biting the straps (带子) of used masks in the hills outside Malaysia’s capital Kuala Lumpur. This may make them lose their breath or even die. In Britain, a seabird’s legs have been found tangled (缠住) in the straps of a mask for up to a week. It was a painful experience for the seabird.It’s hard to believe that face masks that once saved people’s lives are now killing wild animals. A large number of face masks are moving to the living places of animals. If you wear a single-use face mask, make sure of throwing it away properly. Never litter it on the ground, or throw it away outside, as the wind could blow it away.Please don’t let the masks become a night-mare for wildlife. Thank you for doing your part to keep all animals safe!25．Which of the following belongs to the newest forms of rubbish according to the passage?①single-use face masks ②single-use gloves③single-use plastics ④single-use cupsA．①③B．①④C．②③D．①②26．What does the underlined sentence mean?A．People will stop wearing face masks in recent years.B．Face masks can be blown to a far place in a short time.C．Face masks can be made into other things soon.D．It takes a long time for face masks to disappear.27．How does the writer show the harm of littered face masks on animals?A．By giving reasons.B．By listing numbers.C．By giving examples.D．By asking questions.28．What can we infer (推断) from the passage?A．Animals like to play with masks.B．Face masks are only bad for animals.C．Face masks can be buried under the ground.D．Whether face masks are good or not depends on how people deal with them.29．Where can we most probably read this passage?A．In a storybook.B．In a travel guide.C．In a sports newspaper.D．In an environmental magazine.08（2022上·安徽六安·九年级统考期末）Can plants talk? Modem research has found something amazing: they32．A．gives up B．gives in C．gives out D．gives away33．A．bees B．rabbits C．bears D．lions34．A．heavily B．smoothly C．usually D．surprisingly35．A．animal B．plant C．wood D．flower36．A．search B．receive C．share D．collect37．A．spread B．sell C．store D．trade38．A．start B．plan C．lead D．stop39．A．voices B．words C．ways D．languages09（2022上·山东淄博·九年级统考期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括参考答案：1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。

2024年中考英语新热点时文阅读-科普知识题型主要内容1阅读理解介绍了绿色屋顶，并介绍了其好处。

2阅读理解介绍了在珠穆朗玛峰顶部设立的世界最高的自动气象站的情况3阅读理解讲述了音乐偏好和性格之间的关系，并通过实验得出了不同的音乐类型和其对应的性格特点。

4阅读理解介绍了四种血型以及具有该血型人的性格特点，适合从事的工作等。

作者认为血型只是另一种有趣的方式来帮助我们了解自己。

5阅读理解介绍了人们在饥饿时容易发怒的原因，以及这种现象对人们日常生活的影响和人们的处理方法。

6阅读理解介绍出生顺序不同影响孩子们不同的性格。

7阅读理解介绍了茶被发现的过程及茶对人的好处。

01（2022秋·江苏宿迁·九年级统考期中）Fresh green grass. Hundreds of colorful wild flowers. Water running into little pools. Birds making their homes in boxes. The 9,500-square-metre Augustenborg Botanical Garden may look just like any other well-organized park, but there’s a difference. It lies on the roofs(屋顶) of industrial and office buildings in the city of Malmo in Sweden.Green roofs are not a new invention. And now they are getting popular again. The common roofs of a mode m city have endless black surfaces(表面) with no life or water. Perhaps that’s why a garden on a roof becomes such a perfect choice for more people.Green roofs are not just pretty. They also help to moderate the city temperature. The high temperatures on common roofs in summer can make top floor flats uncomfortably hot. What is more, they play a part in making the cities hotter than the countryside around them, causing the “urban heat-island effect”. On a green roof, however, with its plants and water, temperatures change only a little, as they do in a park. This can greatly cut the costs of heating and cooling in the building below.Also, a green roof takes in rain water, and protects the city drainage system(排水系统). ________ And small animals and birds can make their homes on it. Thanks to this, the city may become part of nature, rather than something completely separate from it.While the cost of building such as roof can still be higher, it can be cheaper in the long term as a result of energysavings. And wouldn’t it be wonderful to be able to walk out into a garden high above the city’s noise and traffic, whether you’re at school or in an office or just at home in a ten-floor block?1．With the example of Augustenborg Botanical Garden, the writer wants to explain ________.A．what a green roof is like B．how wildlife is protectedC．what to do with a spare roof D．how to organize a good park2．The underlined word “moderate” in Paragraph 3 is the closest in meaning to “________”.A．raise B．check C．control D．record3．Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank in Paragraph 4?A．A common roof is noisy.B．A green roof is alive.C．A green roof stops pollution.D．A common roof increases the cost.4．The purpose of the passage is to ________.A．introduce the change of green roofs B．solve the problems with green roofsC．show the amazing beauty of green roofs D．describe the advantages(优点) of green roofs02（2023·辽宁朝阳·统考中考真题）Chinese researchers reached the top of Qomolangma on May 4, 2022. They set up the world’s highest automatic(自动的) weather station at an altitude(海拔) of 8,830 meters. This helps them to study the influences of climate change on the environment.It is the highest automatic weather station in the world now. It has taken the place of the station sitting at an altitude of 8,430 meters on the south side of the mountain, which is the second highest now. This allows Chinese scientists to directly collect data(数据) for the first time from the top of the world’s highest mountain.Collecting and studying data from Qomolangma is not easy. But the data will give valuable information about the condition of local glaciers(冰川) and mountain snow. It will also help scientists study and understand the global monsoon(季风) system, so experts can make proper decisions about climate change.Yao Tandong, a famous expert, said Chinese scientists had set up eight weather stations from 5,200 to 8,830 meters above sea level. Half of the stations were set up at an altitude higher than 7,000 meters. “Along with strong government support and hard work by scientists, China has become a global front-runner in fields such as climate change.” Yao said.5．What is the altitude of the highest automatic weather station?A．5,200 meters.B．7,000 meters.C．8,430 meters.D．8,830 meters.6．What does the underlined word “It” refer to(指代) in Paragraph 3?A．Reaching the top of Qomolangma.B．The influences of climate change.C．The data from Qomolangma.D．The highest automatic weather station.7．How many weather stations were set up at an altitude higher than 7,000 meters?A．Two.B．Four.C．Six.D．Eight.8．Which statement(陈述) is NOT right according to the passage?A．Chinese scientists can directly collect data from the top of Qomolangma now.B．It is hard to collect and study data from Qomolangma.C．The second highest weather station is on the north side of the mountain.D．China has made great achievements in fields such as climate change.9．In which part of a newspaper can we find the passage?A．Science.B．Sports.C．Travel.D．Health.03（2022秋·山东济宁·九年级统考期末）Music plays an important role in the lives of people all over the world. That is why many wonder what influences their tastes in music. Could your music list show something about your personality?One study by Heriot-Walt University offered a possible answer by an experiment. Here are the results it found: Pop Music. Fans of top 40 pop hits are likely to be outgoing and honest. While pop music lovers are hard-working and have high self-esteem(自尊), researchers suggest that they may be less creative and easy to get worried.Rap or Hip-Hop Music. People usually believe that rap lovers are more aggressive(好争斗的), but researchers have found no such connection. They say rap fans are likely to have high self-esteem and are usually outgoing.Rock or Heavy Metal Music. Although sometimes rock or heavy metal music seems aggressive, researchers found that fans of this style of music are usually quite gentle. They can be creative, but are often shy and have low self-esteem.Classical Music. Classical music lovers are typically shyer but also feel comfortable with themselves and the world around them. They are creative and have a good sense of self-esteem.Though personality alone does not explain musical preferences, this experiment helps you know yourself and others better.10．What’s the purpose of the study?A．To know what kind of music people like most.B．To tell people the importance of listening to music.C．To show people which kind of music they should listen to.D．To test the relationship between a person’s personality and his or her music list.11．How might a person’s personality be if he or she is a fan of pop music?A．Quiet and shy.B．Serious and strict.C．Friendly and polite.D．Outgoing and honest.12．What kind of music does Mrs. Green like listening to if she feels relaxed about the world around her?A．Pop music.B．Rock music.C．Classical music.D．Rap music.13．What’s the best title for the text?A．Music and hobby B．Music and personalityC．Fans and music D．Researchers and music04（2022秋·湖北襄阳·九年级统考期中）My blood type (血型) is AB, which only 7 percent of Chinese have. I always thought it made me special, even though I had no real reason to believe that. But in Japan, blood type is used to decide one’s personality (性格).There are four main blood groups: O, A, B and AB．Now let’s see what your blood type says about your personality.Type OYou are popular and always seem to be the center of interest. Suitable (合适的) jobs: banker, professional basketball player…Type AType A people may seem cool on the outside, but inside, you are filled with worry. You are shy. You are good listeners. Suitable jobs: writer, computer programmer…Type BYou are outgoing and attractive. You are hard-working and good at reading people. Type B people are the most practical (务实的). Suitable jobs: cook, reporter…Type ABType AB people often have the personalities of both type A and type B people. You are often special, pleasant and easy to get along with. Usually you like to help others. Suitable jobs: teacher, social worker…We all like to know things about ourselves, and blood type is just another fun way to understand why we do some things. Just have fun with it.14．Blood type is used to decide one’s personality in ________.A．Japan B．the USA C．the UK D．India15．A reporter would be a good job for ________ people.A．type O B．type AB C．type A D．type B16．What does the writer think of that blood type is used to decide one’s personality?A．It’s really true.B．Just have fun with it.C．Maybe we can take some advice to find a job.D．Believe it or not, it depends on yourself.05（2022秋·河南洛阳·九年级统考期中）Have you ever been angry at someone when you were hungry? If so, you’ve experienced “hangry (饿怒)” —some people get angry easily as they are hungry. The reason for this lies in what happens inside your body when it needs food.Everything you eat would be changed into different kinds of nutrients (营养物质) in your body. These nutrients would enter your blood and be passed to every part of your body and be used for creating energy. As time passes after your last meal, these nutrients in your blood drop. Also, your blood glucose (血糖) drops. Unlike other parts in your body, your brain totally depends on blood glucose to do its job. You’ve probably already noticed that simple things can become difficult when you are hungry and your blood glucose levels drop. You may find it hard to pay attention. For example, you may make silly mistakes in your study and homework. You might also have noticed that you can’t even speak clearly when you’re too hungry.Another thing that happens when you’re hungry is behaving impolitely and can’t control yourself, such as snapping at others. In that case, even though you may already try your best to avoid conflict (冲突) with important friends, you may still be too angry to control yourself when you are staying with the people you are most relaxed with. That’s why you may find yourself being impatient with your parents or friends.So what should we do to avoid being hangry? The easiest way is to eat something before you get too hungry. The best choice is to have some nutrient - rich and natural foods that help deal with hunger quickly and can be keptin our body as long as possible, but not fast food. The final way is to suggest that difficult situations should be dealt with after a meal, not before.17．When does “hangry” usually happen?A．When the body needs food.B．When nutrients enter your body.C．When the blood glucose levels drop.D．When it’s hard for you to pay attention.18．What does the underlined words “snapping at” mean in Chinese?A．称赞B．呵斥C．嘲笑D．帮助19．Which paragraphs tell the influence of being hangry?A．①②B．②③C．③④D．④⑤20．Which is one of the ways to deal with hunger?A．Eat something after you get too hungry.B．Stay with people you are most relaxed with.C．Deal with difficult situations after meals.D．Eat a little junk food before you are hungry.21．Who is the text written for?A．Doctors.B．Teachers.C．Parent.D．Students.（2022秋·山东菏泽·九年级统考期中）Have you ever thought about why you are the way you are? And what does your personality（性格）connect with? Recent research has showed that the position（位置）in which we are born in our family plays a very important role in forming personality.The eldest childBeing the only child, the eldest enjoys all their parents’ attention. However, new parents usually expect to see their child do well. And the eldest child tries to meet these expectations. As a result, the eldest children are usually polite and traditional. The problems come with the birth of another child. Suddenly the attention they’re used to receiving becomes weaker. Then, they don’t feel safe and will try to do all they can to make their parents happy.The second childThe second child has no experience of life without a brother or sister, so they never know how their brothers orsisters feel when they suddenly have to share the attention. The second children are often more outgoing and always looking for ways to get attention. One of the most common ways to achieve this is by making people laugh and the second children are often the jokers of the family. Again, problems can appear when another baby arrives. Suddenly, the second child becomes the middle child and may lose a clear sense（意识）of where they are.The third childWith the birth of their third baby, parents will often feel this is their last chance to bring up a child. This means the youngest child, more often than not, is spoilt（溺爱）with attention and love. This can lead them to be very self-centered, believing that the world moves around them. They are always treated as the “baby” of the family so they don’t do as well as they could do. They like doing things in unexpected ways, so they are also likely to be creative. 22．What influences people’s personality according to the text?A．Birth place.B．Birth weight.C．Birth order.23．What does the underlined word “they” refer to in the text?A．The eldest children.B．The second children.C．The parents.24．Compared to the first child, the second child is _________ according to the text.A．more polite and traditionalB．more humorous and outgoingC．more creative and confident25．According to the text, if Tom thinks mainly about himself and always has new ideas, he might be _________.A．the eldest child B．the second child C．the third child07（2022秋·山东菏泽·九年级统考期中）It is said that tea can improve creative power(力量) of the literary(文学的) artists in ancient China.According to Lu Yu’s Cha Jing, tea-drinking in China can be traced back(追溯) to the Zhou Dynasty—tea was discovered by Shen Nong and became popular as a drink in the State of Lu because of Zhou Gong.Tea-drinking in China has a long history of four thousand years. As the legend(传说) has it, Shen Nong tasted hundreds of wild plants in order to prevent people from eating the poisonous plants. It is said that he was once poisoned but was saved by eating some leaves of an evergreen(常青的) plant with white flowers. Later, people calledthe leaves that saved his life “cha”.In modern times, people still keep tea-drinking as one of their everyday activities. According to the study, tea can also influence some modern illnesses. To those who have to work with computers for a long time, drinking tea can help them to recreate a new balance(平衡) in their bodies. And to those old people, drinking tea is also a good way to make them have a longer life.26．Tea-drinking in China can be traced back to ________.A．the Zhou Dynasty B．the Xia Dynasty C．the Tang Dynasty27．The underlined word “poisonous” in the passage means “________” in Chinese.A．供饮用的B．美味的C．有毒的28．What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us?A．The birth of tea.B．Tea became popular.C．Shen Nong was once poisoned.29．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．Tea can improve creative power of the computer workers in ancient China.B．Tea became popular as a drink in the State of Lu because of Zhou Gong.C．People don’t keep tea-drinking as one of their everyday activities.30．What is the main idea of this passage?A．The legend of Shen Nong.B．The history of tea-drinking in China.C．Tea can influence some modern illnesses.参考答案：1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D【导语】本文讲述介绍了绿色屋顶，并介绍了其好处。

II. Life Science 生命科学Animal Kingdom早在人类出现之前，史前动物已经在地球上繁衍发展。

地球上的动物以从低等到高等、从简单到复杂的趋势不断进化并繁衍至今。

科学家根据动物的各种特征将动物分为两大类和七个等级。

至今科学家已经鉴别出46900多种脊椎动物，130多万种无脊椎动物。

下面让我们一起去探索奇妙的动物世界吧!Rearing of lion cubs狮子是唯一雌雄两态和群居的猫科动物，生活于开阔的草原疏林地区或半荒漠地带。

·Warm-upHave you ever seen the movie The Lion King? Do you know how lions live in the wild in reality?·Big question to think about while you readHow does the rearing of lion cubs go according to the text?The pride is highly structured when it comes to rearing the cubs. Males are extremely protective of their mates while they are breeding. At the end of the approximately 105-day gestation period, the lioness leaves the pride to go to a sheltered, isolated area to give birth to its litter of two to five cubs. Cubs are born blind. They weigh 1.5 to 2 kilograms, and they have a soft, woolly grayish-yellow-brown coat. The lioness rarely leaves her cubs. When she does, either to hunt or drink, she risks losing them to predators, such as cheetahs, leopards, jackals, or hyenas.At first, the cubs will stay close to their mother as they explore their surroundings. Male cub mortality is high because males are more active and more likely to leave their protected shelter.Cubs accompany their mother on hunting expeditions when they are three to four months old.Cubs will not be able to kill their own prey until they are about two years old. Through early play experiences, the cubs learn how to hunt, crash, leap, and kill their prey.Adolescent males tend to remain near the pride's territory at first and then go off on their own. They will try and join another pride. Male lions display excellent teamwork when threatened by another male wanting to dominate the pride. The typical duration for which a strong group of males is able to defend their pride is two to three years, during which time they father all of the offspring. ( 256 words) ·Reflection questions on what you read1. Why does the lioness rarely leave its cubs?2. What contributes to the high mortality of male cubs?3. How long will it take before cubs are able to kill their own prey? How are they able to do so?4. In the movie The Lion King, Simba finally became the mighty king. Can you explain why would adolescent males like to defend their pride according to the text?Leopards豹在四种大型猫科动物（其余三种为狮、虎、美洲豹）中体积最小，颜色最鲜艳。

科普环保类1、Famous Inventions and Their InventorsX-rays were discovered in 1895 by a German professor, Wilhelm Roentgen. People all over the world were amazed by his invention, the X-ray machine. This invention was so important that Roentgen won the first Nobel Prize for Physics in 1901. The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell, a doctor and speech teacher. The first phone call was made by Bell in 1876. He got acid(酸) on his pants by accident and wanted his partner, Thomas Watson, to help him. The first words spoken on the telephone were “Mr. Watson, come here! I need you!”Television was invented in 1926 by John Logie Baird, a Scottish inventor. Baird’s television certainly didn't look like a television today! Electronic televisions like the ones we have today were invented by Vladimir Zworykin in the 1920s in the United States.The first computer was built in 1946 by two American engineers, J. Presper Eckert and John W. Mauchly. It was developed for the army, and it was so large that it took up the whole room! Later, in 1971, the “microchip” was invented, and small home computers were first produced for personal use. Today computers are involved in almost everything we do and are found almost everywhere we go.根据短文内容，判断正(T)误(F)。

有关科普的阅读题1When we talk about intelligence(智力)，we do not mean the ability to get good scores on certain kinds of tests or even the a bility to do well in school．By intelligence we mean a way of living and behaving(表现)，especially in a new situation．If we want to test intelligence，we need to find out how a person acts instead of how much he knows what to do．For example，when in a new situation，an intelligent person thinks about the situation，not about himself or what might happen to him．He tries to find out all be can，and then he acts immediately and tri es to do something about it．He probably isn’t sure how it will all work out，but at least he tries．And if he cannot make things work out right，he does n’t feel ashamed(羞愧)that he failed，he just tries to learn from his mistakes．An intelligent person，even if he is very young，has a special outlook(看法)on life，a special feeling about life，and how he fits into it．If you look at children，you’ll see great difference between what we call “bright”children and“non-bright”children．They are actually two different kinds of people，not just the same kind with different amount of intelligence．For example，the bright child really wants to find out about life-he tries to get in touch with everything around him．But the unintelligent child keeps more to himself and his own dream-world：he seems to have a wall between him and life in general．37．According to this passage，intelligence is the ability to__________．A．get some high scores on some tests B．do well in schoolC．deal with life D．have a lot of book knowledge38．In a new situation，an intell igent person________．A．knows more ab out what might happen to him B．is sure of the result he will getC．cares more about himself D．keeps his mind on what to do about the situation 39．If an intelligent person failed，he would_______．A．try not to feel ashamed B．learn from his mistakesC．try to find all he could D．make sure what result he would get40．Br ight children and non-bright children________．A．are two different types o f children B．are different mainly in their degree of clevernessC．have difference only in their way of thinking D．have different knowledge about t he world1。

2021届中考英语专题训练科普类阅读理解+答案Passage 1Thousands of years ago, people didn’t know that the Earth moved. They thought the sun really did move across the sky. The Greek god Helios was said to drive the sun across the sky with his chariot (战车). But now, the way people think has changed. Nowadays, it is the sun that drives a “chariot” around the sky.What do I mean by this? Well, quite simply, there is now a plane (or “chariot”) that is powered by the sun. It has special parts on its wings. These parts absorb power from the sun. They absorb so much power that the plane can still fly even at night. In Greek mythology (神话), Helios had to take a break at night. It seems we’re finally even more powerful than the gods themselves.This plane is called Solar Impulse. It will fly across the US in May. This is very important for the future of the world.Why is solar energy (太阳能) important? Well, other kinds of energy are known to cause problems. If you live in China, you’ve probably noticed the pollution. This is caused by burning coal and gas to make energy. The heat and chemicals created by burning these things give us power. But if we use power from the sun, we don’t have to burn anything and there will not be any pollution.Solar energy is not entirely ready yet. It needs to be improved. But the best thing about it is that, unlike coal and gas. it doesn’t run out. The Solar Impulse plane could pretty much keep flying forever. Of course, the sun’s light will eventually run out too one day, but not for another 5 billion years. That’s a pretty long flight.1. The plane Solar Impulse ______.A.c annot fly at nightB. is powered by chemicalsC.i s driven by solar energyD. was made in the US2. Paragraph 4 mainly tells us that ______.A.u sing solar energy causes less pollutionB. solar energy is the best kind of energyC.c reating energy by burning things causes pollutionD. burning things will not be allowed in China3. Which is the story probably taken from?A.A science magazine.B. A history textbook.C. A Greek myth.D. A storybook.4. What’s the story mainly about?A.T he story of the Greek god Helios.B. How China makes use of energy.C.T he uses and advantages of solar energy.D. The disadvantages of burning coal and gas. Passage 2Thanks to endless photos on social media and the wealth of information on the internet, future people should have a clear picture of how we lived in the 21st century.But Martine Rothblatt, a businesswoman from the US, wants to go a step further by digitally cloning (克隆) human minds.These “mindclones” would have all of our thoughts, feelings, and attitudes, and be able to think just like us. Rothblatt imagines that mindclones will first begin as digital assistants in our mobile devices (安置), until they become walking, talking versions of us - but these are far from reality at the moment.Mindcloning technology is still very young, and it might be a long time before we can send our artificial selvesto school so we don’t have to sit through math class. However, scientists at Stanford University in the United States recently created a circuit (电路) board modeled on the human brain that could simulate 1 million neurons (神经元) and billions of connections in the brain.Eventually, Rothblatt sees mindclones having their own rights as people, and even falling in love and getting married.“Let’s say [the ex Apple CEO] Steve Jobs meets another mindclone. They fall in love. Mindclones are just people without bodies. Once the mindclones fall in love, they are going to get married. That’s what people do,” she said.But Rothblatt’s idea that the digital versions of ourselves would have the same rights as people is not shared by everyone. Some people have argued that the mind must be embedded (嵌入) in biology for it to be considered “life”, HuffPost reported.1. According to Rothblatt, mindclones ______.A.w ill eventually become robotsB. will be used in our mobile devicesC.w ill become reality soonD. have more rights than people2. Which of the following best explains the underlined word “artificial” in Paragraph 4?A. Useful.B. Man-made.C. Human-like.D. Different.3. What is the latest development in mindcloning technology?A. We can send our artificial selves to school.B. People can improve their studies by using mindclones.C. Steve Jobs and a mindclone will get married.D. A circuit board has been modeled after a human brain.4. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. The writer agrees with Rothblatfs idea.B. The writer disagrees with Rothblatfs idea.C. Not everyone agrees with Rothblatt about mindclones’ rights.D. It’s pointless to discuss the rights of “mindclones”.Passage 3In your dreams, you may clearly see something or hear someone talking. But what about smells? Can you ever remember smells from your dreams?A study published in 1896 looked at different sensory experiences in dreams. It found that visual experience mainly controls one’s dreams. It takes up about 85 percent, while auditory (听觉的) experience makes up 69 percent, and smell only 7 percent.But why? Scientists from the University of Illinois, US, have a theory based on what is known about the brain.In our brain, there is a special part called the cerebral cortex (大脑皮层). It is linked to our feelings. As much as two-thirds of the cerebral cortex works in vision. So vision appears often in dreams. Auditory experience is closely tied to language, and language is processed entirely in the cerebral cortex.Smell, on the other hand, has little to do with the cerebral cortex. It connects directly to the memory and emotional systems. That is why a smell can sometimes bring back a distant memory.Another possibility is that perhaps smell is not easily affected by our imagination. For example, close your eyes and imagine your favorite dish. What do you get? It is easy to think about what it looks like. But it is not as easy to imagine its smell.The vision and auditory senses are part of a complex process inside the brain. But smell is a direct measurement of chemicals in the air. There is less imagination involved in smell. Therefore, smell might be less influenced by the brain activity that happens while dreaming. It is similar to taste and touch. That is why you don’t usually have the experience of taste and touch in your dreams.1. Which experience mainly controls one’s dreams, according to the 1896 study?A. Smell.B. Vision.C. Hearing.D. Taste and touch.2. Which of the following is TRUE about the US scientists’ brain theory?A. Less than half of the cerebral cortex works in visionB. Auditory experience is not tied to language.C. Smell has almost nothing to do with the cerebral cortex.D. It’s difficult to imagine what things in your dreams look like.3. According to paragraphs 6 and 7, its easier to imagine a dish’s______.A. look than its smellB. smell than its lookC. taste than its smellD. smell than its taste4. What is the best title for the story?A. How does the cerebral cortex work.B. Why can’t you smell in your dreams.C. What experience happens most often in dreams.D. Why can’t you remember smells from your dreams.Passage 4The ocean is home to tens of thousands of fish. You can see fish swimming freely in the water. But you may not know that fish cannot explore every part of the ocean.Recent studies have found that the deepest depth a fish can swim is 8,200 meters. This is about three quarters of the depth of the deepest part of the ocean. This is because of a chemical (化学物质) in fishes’ cells that is called trimethylamine n-oxide (TMAO).For example, if you take a ping-pong ball 10 meters underwater, the pressure turns it into a tiny piece of plastic. Most things break down after a certain depth underwater because of the high pressure.TMAO warns fish of this danger at about 8,200 meters. If fish swim deeper, the TMAO chemical stops working and starts to damage the fishes’ brain cells.Although there is life at the bottom of the sea. most fish live within the top 1,000 meters of the ocean. Even sharks, which are often described as the “kings of the ocean”, have never swum deeper than 4,000 meters, not even half the depth of the ocean.Deeper down in the ocean, the most dangerous animals are the deep-sea fish. The anglerfish is one such fish. It lives about 2,000 meters deep in the ocean. There is no sunlight at this depth. But anglerfish can produce light themselves. They use this light to find food.Below even these fish is the cusk-eel. These small fish live close to the ocean floor at a depth of 8,000 meters, far out of reach of hungry predators (猎食者).1. TMAO ______.A. is a chemical in the oceanB. is a kind of plasticC. can make things break downD. can protect fish from danger2. What does the underlined word “damage” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. 围绕B. 损害C. 生成D. 保护3. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Most fish live at the bottom of the ocean.B. Sharks can swim over half the depth of the ocean.C. Anglerfish can produce light to find food.D. Cusk-eels are easily eaten by hungry predators.4. What does the story mainly tell us?A. How fish live at the bottom of the sea.B. How deep fish can swim in the ocean.C. How TMAO works in fishes’ brain cells.D. How fish find food in the deep ocean.Passage 5Up to 45 percent of teenagers in the UK bite their nails (咬指甲), according to the BBC. Some people bite their nails not because they’re too long, but because they are driving, feeling stressed out, or just have nothing else to do.In 2013, the American Psychiatric Association identified nail biting as a symptom (症状) of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD, 强迫症). People with this disorder may wash their hands more often than usual or have to line up their shoes in a certain way.Although nail biting has some things in comm on with other symptoms of OCD, it is different from them in at least one way.“In OCD, the behavior is really unwanted,” said psychiatrist Carol Mathews. People with OCD don’t want to wash their hands over and over again. There is no fun in it. They just fear that if they aren’t busy doing something, something bad might happen to them.But nail biters enjoy this activity. “It’s rewarding. When you get the right nail, it feels good,” said Mathews.Therefore, some people argue that most nail biters do not have any kind of serious mental illness.However, it’s still a bad habit. So what can we do to stop it? Since most people bite nails as a way of relieving (缓解) stress, finding an other way to relieve that stress could be useful, suggested Rochelle Torgerson, a doctor at the Mayo Clinic in the US. For example, some people might play with a pen instead.Nail biters feel the urge (冲动) to bite if they find a small part of the nail that is imperfect, Mathews said. So always keep your nails in good shape.1. According to the BBC, _____ of UK teenagers bite their nails.A. nearly a halfB. two-thirdsC. three-quartersD. four-fifths2. Which of the following behaviors is a symptom of OCD?A.W ashing your hands before each meal.B. Cutting nails to make them short.C.L ining things up in a certain way.D. Keeping your nails in good shape.3. What does the writer try to tell us in Paragraphs 3-5?A. The common behaviors people with OCD often show.B. The difference between nail-biting and other OCD behaviors.C. People with OCD enjoy doing things over and over again.D. Nail-biters don’t have any kind of serious mental illness.4. Which suggestion for how to stop nail-biting is mentioned in the story?A. Biting your nails instead of playing with a pen.B. Give up nail-biting and work hard.C. Keep your nails in good shape.D. Find another way to release your stress.Passage 6How much do you know about Earth - the planet that we live on? Our knowledge of Earth has been developing since ancient times.However, many puzzles about Earth remain unsolved. LiveScience has published a list of the eight biggest mysteries about Earth. Let’s look at some of them.Where did water come from?When it first came into being 4.5 billion years ago, Earth was a dry rock. So where did all of our water come from? Scientists think that it might have arrived in the form of ice by an asteroid (小行星) from outer space that hit our planet. But this theory has not been confirmed (证实) because there is very little related evidence to be studied.What’s in the core (核心)?Scientists used to study meteorites as small examples of Earth, believing that Earth’s core was made of iron and nickel(镍). However, a later study in the 1950s proved this approach to be wrong because it found that Earth would be too light to provide gravity (重力) if its core contained only iron and nickel. Today, scientists continue to bring forward different theories, but none have been confirmed.How was the moon born?Scientists have found that the chemical compositions of Earth and the moon are very similar. That suggests that the moon actually came from Earth. For example, it could be a piece of Earth that separated when Earth hit another planet. It is also possible that when Earth first came into being, it spun (旋转) very fast and threw off enough molten (熔化的) rock to later form the moon.1. What’s the main idea of the story?A. How Earth came into being.B. Where Earth’s water came from.C. How the moon was formed.D. Unexplained mysteries about Earth.2. What do we know about where water may come from?A.E arth’s water may come from ice that melted 4.5 billion years ago.B.E arth’s water may come from a small planet that hit Earth.C.W e don’t know where water came from.D. There is lots of evidence that tells us where water came from.3. What does the underlined phrase “bring forward” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Check.B. Raise.C. Improve.D. Receive.4. Which is TRUE according to the story?A. Scientists used to believe Earth’s core was made of meteorites.B. A study in the 1950s proved that Earth’s core is made of iron and nickel.C. The moon and Earth are made of similar materials.D. Three possibilities of where the moon came from are mentioned.参考答案：Passage1: CBACPassage2: BBDCPassage3: BCADPassage4: DBCBPassage5: ACBDPassage6: DBBC。

中考英语阅读理解——科普知识类The Importance of Scientific Knowledge in the Middle School English Reading Comprehension。

Scientific knowledge plays a crucial role in our daily lives, and it is particularly important for middle school students to develop a strong understanding of scientific concepts. In the middle school English reading comprehension, scientific knowledge is often included as a part of the reading material. It is essential for students to comprehend and apply this knowledge in order to fully understand the text. In this article, we will discuss the importance of scientific knowledge in middle school English reading comprehension and provide some tips for students to improve their understanding of scientific concepts in the context of reading.Firstly, scientific knowledge enhances students' comprehension skills. When students encounter scientific information in their reading materials, they are required to understand and interpret complex scientific concepts. This process not only improves their ability to comprehend the text but also enhances their critical thinking skills. By grasping scientific knowledge, students can better analyze and evaluate the information presented in the reading materials, leading to a deeper understanding of the text as a whole.Secondly, scientific knowledge fosters interdisciplinary connections. Many scientific concepts are interconnected with other subjects such as history, geography, and literature. By understanding scientific knowledge in the context of English reading comprehension, students can make connections between different subjects and develop a holistic understanding of the world around them. For example, when reading a passage about the impact of climate change, students can apply their knowledge of scientific principles to comprehend the environmental implications discussed in the text.Moreover, scientific knowledge promotes real-world application. Middle school students are at a stage where they are beginning to explore their interests and potential career paths. By exposing students to scientific knowledge in their English readingmaterials, they can see the real-world applications of science and its relevance to their lives. This can inspire students to pursue further studies in science-related fields and develop a passion for scientific inquiry.To improve their understanding of scientific concepts in the context of English reading comprehension, students can employ several strategies. Firstly, students should actively seek out opportunities to learn about scientific concepts outside of the classroom, such as through documentaries, science magazines, or educational websites. By expanding their knowledge of scientific concepts, students can better comprehend scientific information presented in their reading materials.Additionally, students should practice making connections between scientific knowledge and their everyday experiences. By relating scientific concepts to real-life examples, students can better understand and remember the information. For example, when learning about the water cycle, students can observe the process in nature or conduct simple experiments to reinforce their understanding.Furthermore, students should engage in discussions and activities that require them to apply scientific knowledge. By discussing scientific concepts with their peers or participating in hands-on activities, students can deepen their understanding of the material and develop a more comprehensive grasp of scientific principles.In conclusion, scientific knowledge is an integral part of middle school English reading comprehension. By understanding and applying scientific concepts, students can enhance their comprehension skills, make interdisciplinary connections, and see the real-world applications of science. By actively seeking out opportunities to learn about scientific concepts and making connections to their everyday experiences, students can improve their understanding of scientific knowledge in the context of reading. This will not only benefit their academic performance but also foster a lifelong appreciation for scientific inquiry and discovery.。

I. Life Science 生命科学The Five Senses视觉、听觉、味觉、嗅觉和触觉是人类最大体的五种感觉，即五官感觉。

咱们通过它们感知外界物体，获取与机体生存紧密相关的重要信息，从而对所处环境作出分析判定。

五感在咱们的日常生活中扮演了相当重要的角色。

Sport injuries肌肉是支撑人体活动的重要部份，咱们要警惕爱惜，避免肌肉受伤。

·Warm-upDo you know any kind of sport injuries? Have you suffered from any of them?·Big question to think about while you readWhat are sprains and fractures?Sprains occur when a muscle is pulled too far. The result can be a break or a tear of a ligament. Sprains can sometimes happen as the result of an injury, such as a fall.Sprains can also happen when you do not warm up your muscles before you exercise.A broken bone often occurs as the result of an accident. A broken bone is called a fracture. How can you tell if a bone is broken? The pain in the area is very strong. You cannot move the part that is broken. The part that is broken begins to swell or grow bigger.In most cases, you should not move because a bone may be broken Get someone's help to call an ambulance immediately.You will be taken to a hospital nearby to check whether or not you have a broken bone. To check this, you will normally get an X-ray. An X-ray is a black and white picture of the bones taken with a special machine. It lets a doctor see if a bone is broken. (178 words)·Reflection questions on what you read1. What are the differences between sprains and fractures?2. How can a doctor tell whether there's a broken bone or not?3. What should you do if a sprain occurs?4. Which one do you think is more serious, a sprain or a broken bone?Measuring speed优良的骨骼结构和强健的肌肉令人和动物在运动时拥有较高的速度，下面的文章会告知你什么动物运动速度最快。

(部编版)二年级英语课外阅读材料
本文档旨在为二年级学生提供适合课外阅读的英语材料。

以下
是一些适合阅读的短文和故事。

1. Title 1
内容简介：这个故事讲述了一个小男孩在一个晴朗的早晨出门
去学校的经历。

他遇到了一只流浪猫，帮助它找到了回家的路。

通
过这个故事，孩子们可以研究到如何关心和帮助动物。

2. Title 2
内容简介：这个短文告诉读者关于小熊的故事。

小熊害怕黑暗，但是通过和爸爸的交流，他学会了勇敢地面对自己的恐惧。

通过这
个故事，孩子们可以研究到积极面对困难，勇敢面对自己内心的恐惧。

3. Title 3
内容简介：这个故事讲述了一个小女孩和她的朋友们一起去探索森林的冒险。

在冒险过程中，他们遇到了一只受伤的小鸟，并帮助它返回了家。

通过这个故事，孩子们可以研究到友善和乐于助人的重要性。

以上是一些适合二年级学生阅读的英语材料。

它们的主题简单而实用，旨在培养孩子们的英语阅读能力和人文关怀。

希望孩子们在阅读中能够获得乐趣和启发。

初中英语科普类阅读理解Long,long ago people made the first lightening(闪电).But they had to keep the fire burning,for they couldnt start it again if there was noter,they found out hitting two pieces of stone together could make a spark(火花).The spark could fire dry leaves.In this way they could make the fire again if it went out .Then people also learned to make a fire byrubbing(摩擦).They made a hole on a piece of wood and put a smaller stick into the hole. They turned the stick again and again.After a few minutes they got a fire.As years went by, people learned other way to make a fire.Sometimes they used the heat from the sun.They held a piece of glass in the right way and made a piece of paper on fire.About two centuries ago, people began to make matches.Matches brought people a quick and easy way to make fires.Today matches are still being used, but people have more new ways to make fires.One of them is to use an electric fire starter.Of course an electric fire starter is much more expensive then a box of matches, But it is very useful.1. From the text we know that a spark can________.A.fire and leavesB.burn anythingC.burn dry leavesD.keep fire burning2. We can also get a fire by__________.A.making a hole on a big piece of woodB.putting the smaller stick into the holeC.turning the stick hard for a whileD.all above together3. Matches have been used ___________.A.for about two thousand yearsB.for about two hundred C.since people began to use fire for cookingD.since people used the heat from the sun4. From the text, we know that _________.A.electric fire starters are widely usedbbs.B.people havent used matches since they had electric fire startersC.today there are only two ways to make fireD.some forest fires happen from lighting5. Which of the following is the right order of the ways to make fires that people got to know?a.with a matchb.from the sunc. from lighteningd.by rubbinge. with an electric fire starterA.a,b,c,d,cB.b,c,a,e,dC.c,d,b,a,eD.d,a,c,b,eA.butB.andC.soD.or3. The smile on my mothers face showed that she was _______with me.A.sadB.pleasedC.angryD. sorry4. Youd better _______the book to others.A.dont lendB.not to lendC.didnt lendD.not lend5. The text is very easy for you. There are _____new words in it.A.a fewB.a littleC. fewD.little6. The box is________far for the boy______reach.A.too....to....B.to; tooC.so;thatD.no;to7. May I use your dictionary? I want to ____a word.A.look atB.look forC.look afterD.look up8. ---Would you like some chicken ?---_______.Ive had enough.A. Yes, thank you.B.No, thanksC.Thats all rightD.Just fine.答案：1. C 解析：本题从第一段第四行可以得到答案。

2019届中考英语有关科普的阅读题人教新目标版1When we talk about intelligence(智力)，we do not mean the ability to get good scores on certain kinds of tests or even the a bility to do well in school．By intelligence we mean a way of living and behaving(表现)，especially in a new situation．If we want to test intelligence，we need to find out how a person acts instead of how much he knows what to do．For example，when in a new situation，an intelligent person thinks about the situation，not about himself or what might happen to him．He tries to find out all be can，and then he acts immediately and tri es to do something about it．He probably isn’t sure how it will all work out，but at least he tries．And if he cannot make things work out right，he does n’t feel ashamed(羞愧)that he failed，he just tries to learn from his mistakes．An intelligent person，even if he is very young，has a special outlook(看法)on life，a special feeling about life，and how he fits into it．If you look at children，you’ll see great difference between what we call “bright”children and“non-bright”children．They are actually two different kinds of people，not just the same kind with different amount of intelligence．For example，the bright child really wants to find out about li fe-he tries to get in touch with everything around him．But the unintelligent child keeps more to himself and his own dream-world：he seems to have a wall between him and life in general．37．According to this passage，intelligence is the ability to__________．A．get some high scores on some tests B．do well in schoolC．deal with life D．have a lot of book knowledge38．In a new situation，an intell igent person________．A．knows more ab out what might happen to him B．is sure of the result he will getC．cares more about himself D．keeps his mind on what to do about the situation 39．If an intelligent person failed，he would_______．A．try not to feel ashamed B．learn from his mistakesC．try to find all he could D．make sure what result he would get40．Br ight children and non-bright children________．A．are two different types o f children B．are different mainly in their degree of clevernessC．have difference only in their way of thinking D．have different knowledge about t he world。

小学英语科普类阅读材料范文Title: The Amazing World of ButterfliesIntroduction:Have you ever stopped to watch a butterfly fluttering from flower to flower? These beautiful insects are not just pretty to look at; they are also fascinating creatures with many hidden secrets. Let's explore the amazing world of butterflies!Body:Tasting with FeetDid you know that butterflies can taste with their feet? It's true! When a butterfly lands on a flower, it uses its special feet, called proboscis, to not only drink nectar but also to taste it before deciding if it's sweet enough. This unique ability helps them find the best flowers for their diet.Colorful ChameleonsChameleons are famous for their ability to changecolors, but did you know it's not just for camouflage? They can also change colors to show their mood or to communicate with other chameleons. Imagine being able to express yourself with just a change in color!The Busy BeeBees are masters of teamwork. They work together to build their hive, collect nectar from flowers, and make honey. Without bees, our world would be a lot less sweet because many fruits and vegetables rely on bees for pollination. Bees are truly important to our ecosystem.The Salmon's JourneySalmon have an incredible journey each year. They swim upstream, against strong currents, to the place where they were born to lay their eggs. It's a long and tiring trip, but it's essential for the survival of their species. Salmon are a testament to the power of instinct and the cycle of life.The Moving PlantSome plants can move! The sensitive plant, alsoknown as the "touch-me-not," closes its leaves when you touch it. This is a defense mechanism to protect itself from being eaten by animals. It's amazing to see how plants have evolved to survive in their environments.Conclusion:The world of butterflies and other creatures is full of wonder and surprises. From tasting with feet to incredible migrations, these animals show us the beauty and complexity of nature. The next time you see a butterfly or any other creature, take a moment to appreciate the amazing world they live in.。