演讲的艺术 chapter 6 ppt课件

Slide 12
Statistics
• Single • Multiple • Tips:
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Slide 13
Statistics
• Don’t rely exclusively on statistics. • Use representative statistics • Identify the sources of statistics • Form reliable sources • Round off. • Explain statistics • Use presentational aids. • Stress their impact.
Slide 15
Testimony
Tips: Quote or paraphrase Quote or paraphrase accurately Form qualified/unbiased sources Identify the people you quote or
paraphrase
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Slide 8
Types of Supporting Materials
•1 •2 •3
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Slide 9
Examples
• Brief • Extended • Actual • Hypothetical
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Slide 14
Testimony
• Direct quotation • Paraphrase
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© 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.
around the manufactured drinks in
globe.
the world put together,
including coffee,
chocolate, soft drinks and
alcohol. Total tea
consumption is 4 billion
kilograms annually.
Tea is popular.
Large
Tea is second only to
quantities of water as the world’s most
tea are
consumed beverage. More
consumed tea is consumed each year
by people than all other
© 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.
Slide 16
Tests of Evidence
• Is the evidence quoted in context? • Is the source of the evidence an expert? • Is the source of the evidence unbiased? • Is the evidence relevant to the point? • Is the evidence specific? • Is the evidence sufficient to prove the point? • Is the evidence timely?
examples statistics testimony
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© 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.
Slide 6
Key Terms
• Supporting materials
Ő example (brief ,extended , hypothetical ) Ő Statistics (single, multiple) Ő Testimony (expert, peer)
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© 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.
Slide 10
Tips for using examples
• Make examples vivid and richly textured • Reinforce examples with statistic or
笨，没有学问无颜见爹娘 ……” • “太阳当空照，花儿对我笑，小鸟说早早早……”
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© 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.
Slide 5
Learning Objectives:
• Supporting your ideas by:
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© 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.
Slide 7
Purposes of Supporting Materials
• Clarity • Vividness • Credibility
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© 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.
CHAPTER
6
Supporting Your Ideas
by Ada Pan Oct. 2012
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Stephen E. Lucas
© 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.
Purposes of Supporting Slide 2 Materials
testimony
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© 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.
Slide 11
Narration
• Personal • Third-person • Second
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© 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.
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© 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.
精品资料
Slide 4
• 你怎么称呼老师？ • 如果老师最后没有总结一节课的重点的难点，你
是否会认为老师的教学方法需要改进？ • 你所经历的课堂，是讲座式还是讨论式？ • 教师的教鞭 • “不怕太阳晒，也不怕那风雨狂，只怕先生骂我