英语句子成分及简单句型练习

句子成分与基本句型（写出划线的部分的成分）中考英语专题练习（30题含答案）一、写出划线的部分的成分1． My father is an engineer. ________2． The students got on the school bus.3． He handed me the newspaper.4． He feels good. ________5． She missed the school bus because she got up late. ________6． I shall answer your question after class.7． I have been to Beijing. ________8． What a beautiful Chinese painting!9． Passengers in the station are in a mess. ________10． They went hunting together early in the morning.11． His job is to train swimmers.12． The vase was knocked off the desk broken. ________13． He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.14． Shopping online is usually cheaper. ________15． There is going to be an American film tonight.16． Would you mind opening the window? ________17． He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.18． She is on a diet. ________19． His wish is to become a scientist.20． He didn't help the boy. ________21． He managed to finish the work in time.22． Tom came to ask me for advice.23． He found it important to master English.24．I couldn’t understand why he had decided to retire at 50.25． I am terribly confused by all this information.26． We had already reached 9000 feet by then.27． She reminded me to switch off all the lights.28．I’ll be able to pass my driving test after I have had a few lessons.29． I love swimming. It keeps me fit.30． It is obvious that money doesn’t grow on trees.【参考答案】1．定语 my 做father的定语。

句子成分及简单句巩固练习以及答案高三一轮复习句子成分及简单句练习题答案I.划出下列句中主语的中心词1.The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.2. There is an old man coming here.3.The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.4.To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.II.划出句中谓语的中心词1. I don't like the picture on the wall.2. The days get longer and longer when summer comes.3.Do you usually go to school by bus?4. There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.5. Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?6. Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.7. Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?8. We had better send for a doctor.9. He is interested in music.10. Whom did you give my book to?III．划出下列句中的宾语：1. My brother hasn’t done his homework.2. People all over the world speak English.3. You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.4. How many new words did you learn last class?5. Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?6. The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.7. They made him monitor of the class.8. Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.9. You will find it useful after you leave school.10. They didn’t know who “Father Christ mas” really is.IV．划出下列句中的表语：1. The old man was feeling very tired.2. Why is he worried about Jim?3. The leaves have turned yellow.4. Soon they all became interested in the subject.5. She was the first to learn about it.V．划出下列句中的宾语补足语：1. She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.2. He asked her to take the boy out of school.3. She found it difficult to do the work.4. They call me Lily sometimes.5. I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.6. Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?VI．划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语：1. Please tell us a story.2. My father bought a new bike for me last week.3. Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.4. Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.5. Did he leave any message for me?VII、写出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1. The students got on the school bus.（主语；定语）2. He handed me the newspaper.（间接宾语；直接宾语）3. I shall answer your question after class.（谓语；状语）4. What a beautiful Chinese painting it is!（定语；主语）5. August is the hottest month here.（表语）6. His hobby is playing football.（主语；宾语）7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.（宾语；状语）8. There is going to be an American film tonight.（主语）9. Light travels very fast.（状语）10. His wish is to become a scientist.（主语；表语）11. He managed to finish the work in time.（谓语；宾语）12. Tom came to ask me for advice.（状语）13. He found it important to master English.（形式宾语；宾补；宾语）14. Do you have anything else to say?（宾语；定语）15. To be honest, your pronunciation is not so good.（独立主格；表语）16. Would you please tell me your address?（间接宾语；直接宾语）17. She came in with a book in her hand.（状语）18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.（形式主语；表语；宾补）19. He noticed a man enter the room.（宾补）20. The apples tasted sweet.（表语）VIII、写出下列简单句属于基本句型中的哪一种：1. Our school is not far from my home. 主＋系＋表2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you 主＋系＋表3. All of us considered him honest. 主＋谓＋宾＋宾补4. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes.主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾5. He broke a piece of glass. 主＋谓＋宾6. Trees turn green in spring .主＋系＋表7. Grandma told me an interesting story last night. 主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾8. He wrote carefully some letters to his friends. 主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾9. He asked us to sing an English song. 主＋谓＋宾＋宾补10.We will make our school more beautiful.主＋谓＋宾＋宾补11. She showed us her many of her pictures. 主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾12. The old man lives a lonely life. 主＋谓＋宾13. Would you please pass me the cup? 主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾14 Mary handed her homework to the teacher. 主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾15. Do you know the latest news about him?主＋谓＋宾16. I’ll get my hair cut tomorrow.主＋谓＋宾＋宾补IX、翻译下面的汉语句子。

划分句子成分划分英语句子成分经典练习划分句子成分练练1.分析下列句子成分，在下面标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种。

1) Trees turn green when spring comes。

(陈述句)2) The old man was XXX(陈述句)3) His job is to train swimmers。

(陈述句)4) Where he was XXX(陈述句)5) What he said proved true。

(陈述句)6) We must keep quiet。

(祈使句)7) XXX(陈述句)8) XXX than she really was。

(陈述句)9) His face went red。

(陈述句)10) He fell ill last week。

(陈述句)11) XXX(陈述句)从上面我们可以看出，常见的系动词有，be、e、seem、appear、feel、look、sound等，它们下面一般跟形容词或名词作表语。

练2.分析下列句子成分，在下面标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种。

口译，体会it的替代性用法。

1) It is very plain to me that he is round and tall like a tree。

(陈述句，it作形式主语)2) It is a fact that English is being accepted as an nal language。

(陈述句，it作形式主语)3) It worried her a bit that her hair was XXX(陈述句，it作形式主语)4) XXX(陈述句，it作形式宾语)5) She made it her duty to look after all the other people's affairs in that town。

(陈述句，it作形式宾语)6) I don't think it possible to master a foreign language without much memory work。

学好英语要从学句子成分和基本句型开始，附试题练习主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、宾语(object)、表语(predicative)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial)、补语(complement)和同位语(appositive)共八种01句子成分和基本句型讲前练指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分并总结出该句的基本句型结构。

1.They have worked for months and even years.成分：主语谓语时间状语句型结构总结：主语＋谓语（不及物动词）2.The film you see on the screen is the product of a huge amount of hard work成分：主语定语谓语表语句型结构总结：主语＋系动词＋表语3. I didn’t understand all of the traditional customs at first.成分：主语谓语宾语状语句型结构总结：主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语4.Traditional festivals teach us a lot about our nation’s history成分：主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语句型结构总结：主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋双宾语（间接宾语＋直接宾语）5.Traditional festivals enable usto learn fine Chinese values成分：主语谓语宾语宾语补足语句型结构总结：主语＋谓语＋复合宾语（宾语＋补语）小结：从以上的练习中可知英语中的句子成分包括：主语，谓语，宾语，表语，定语，状语，宾语补语6.He was seen playing basketball on the playgroundyesterday.(现在分词短语作主语补足语)02句子成分和基本句型精讲（一）、句子成分：1、主语: 说明句子所谈的是：“什么人”或“什么物”，主语通常由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语充当。

句子结构分析句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语等。

主要成分：主语和谓语1、主语一个句子中需要加以说明或描述的对象。

主语的位置：一般位于句首，由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当。

The school is far from here. 名词做主语She goes to school by bike. 代词做主语Eight is a lucky number. 数词做主语The blind need more help. 名词化的形容词做主语There is a pen on the desk. 名词做主语Predicting the future is interesting. 动名词做主语To be a doctor is my dream. 不定式短语做主语若不定式短语作主语常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语(不定式短语)放在句后。

It takes me an hour to get there.2、谓语表示人或事物(主语)的动作和存在的状态.英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词句子的时态和语态是通过谓语表现出来。

谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。

分析下列句子的主语和谓语Mr. Li teaches English.He can play the piano.My parents and I are having dinner.He studies very hard.She likes speaking.I can swim in the river.We don’t like math.He doesn’t watch TV.3、表语用来说明主语的身份、特征、性质、状态。

一般由名词或者形容词担任。

表语的位置：用在动词be和系动词的后面。

凡是系动词(be 动词,感官动词等)出现的地方，后面必定带着表语名词、代词、数词、介词短语、副词等都可以和连系动词一起构成复合谓语。

英语划分句子成分练习题及答案（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。

但在there be 结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

例如：During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. （名词）We often speak English in class. （代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls. （数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure. （不定式）Smoking does harm to the health. （动名词）The rich should help the poor. （名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. （主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language. （it 作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。

谓语的构成如下：1 、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。

如：He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。

如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。

句子成分及基本句型【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语）、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。

（一）主语：主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。

一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。

它在句首。

如：（1）Lucy is a beautiful nurse. （名词作主语）（2）He reads newspapers every day. （代词作主语）（3）Smoking is harmful to the health. （动名词作主语）（4）To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.（不定式作主语）（5）What we should do is not yet decided. （主语从句作主语）（二）谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。

它在主语后面。

如：His parents are teachers. （系动词和表语一起作谓语）We study hard. （行为动词作谓语）We don’t finish reading the book. （助动词和行为动词一起作谓语）He can speak English. （情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语）（三）宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。

一般放在谓语之后。

She is doing her homework now.（名词作宾语）She says（that）she is ill.（宾语从句作动词宾语）We often help him.（代词作宾语）He likes to play basketball.（不定式作宾语）We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。

（动名词短语作宾语）说明1：宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物，宾语一般放在及物动词之后。

英语句子成分（一）句子主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

例如：划出主语并说出什么词充当的主语During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.We often speak English in class. One-third of the students in this class are girls.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. Smoking does harm to the health.The rich should help the poor. It is necessary to master a foreign language.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（三）谓语：动词做谓语,谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。

如：He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。

如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He hascaught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。

如：We are students.（四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。

表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语及表语从句表示。

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习一、句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

（二）主语：主语(Subject)是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。

但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

（三）谓语谓语(Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。

谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。

如：He practices running every morning.The plane took off at ten o’clock.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。

如：You may keep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cold.（2）由系动词加表语构成。

如：We are students.注意：谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。

（四）表语表语(Predicative)用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。

常见的系动词有状态系动词可用来表示主语性质或状态，只有be一词，例如：He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。

（表示主语的身份－－性质）He is ill. 他病了。

（表示主语的状态）持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如：He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。

This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习简单句的五个基本句型主语＋不及物动词She came．.主语＋及物动词＋宾语She likes English.主语＋系动词＋主语补语She is happy．主语＋动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语She gave John a book．She bought a book for me.主语＋动词＋宾语＋宾语补语She makes her mother angry．The teacher asked me to read the passage.（There +be There lies a book on the desk.主谓宾名／代－－动词－－名／代we-- saw --you.we-- did --the work.主系表名／代－系动词－形容次／名词／代词you are beautifulyou seems worried.you are a stufent.相同点都三部分，主语也一样．不同动词和系动词，时态一样，否定式不同．动词加助动词，系动词不用．表语可以是形容词，宾语不行．只有宾语有补足语2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。

1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。

通常用名词或代词担任。

如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。

主要由动词担任。

如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间)3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。

通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。

如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍)4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。

通常由名词或代词担任。

如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词)有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。

简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题⼀、句⼦成份英语句⼦成分有主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补⾜语，表语，定语，状语等。

顺序⼀般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补⾜语，⽽表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况⽽定。

1、主语：表⽰句⼦主要说明的⼈或事物，⼀般位于句⾸。

但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后⾯。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表⽰。

例如：Country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后⾯的不定式）2、谓语：谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。

可以有不同的时态，语态和语⽓。

1)简单谓语：We study for the people.2)复合谓语：I can speak a little English.We are reading books.He has gone to Beijing..3、表语: 它位于系动词(⽐如be)之后，说明主语⾝份，特征，属性或状态。

My sister is a nurse.Is it yours?（代词）The weather has turned cold.（形容词）The speech is exciting.（分词）Three times seven is twenty one?（数词）His job is to teach English.（不定式）His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词）The ruler must be in your box.（介词短语）Time is up. The class is over.（副词）The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）4、宾语: 宾语表⽰动作⾏为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，We like English. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（数词）They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容词）It began to rain.（不定式短语）I enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语）I think（that）he is fit for his office.（宾语从句）有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往⼀个指⼈，⼀个指物，指⼈的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。

英语句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。

但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

例如：During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。

谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。

如：He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。

如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。

句子成分及基本句型 IMB standardization office【IMB 5AB- IMBK 08- IMB 2C】句子成分及基本句型【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语）、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。

（一）主语：主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。

一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。

它在句首。

如：（1）Lucy is a beautiful nurse. （名词作主语）（2）He reads newspapers every day. （代词作主语）（3）Smoking is harmful to the health. （动名词作主语）（4）To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.（不定式作主语）（5）What we should do is not yet decided. （主语从句作主语）（二）谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。

谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）必须是动词。

谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。

它在主语后面。

如：His parents are teachers. （系动词和表语一起作谓语）We study hard. （行为动词作谓语）We don’t finish reading the book. （助动词和行为动词一起作谓语）He can speak English. （情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语）（三）宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。

一般放在谓语之后。

She is doing her homework now.（名词作宾语）She says（that）she is ill.（宾语从句作动词宾语）We often help him.（代词作宾语）He likes to play basketball.（不定式作宾语）We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。

（英语）英语句子结构与成分练习题20篇一、句子结构与成分1．Which structure is right?A. Your father is ill in bed.（S+V）B. Your friend fell down.（S+V+O）C. Your team won the match.（S+V+O+OC）D. He seems ill.（S+V+P）【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意：哪个结构是正确的？ A is 是系动词，故是主系表结构形式，S+V 表示主谓，B fell 是不及物动词，故是主谓形式，S+V+O 表示主谓宾，C the match是宾语，故是主谓宾形式，S+V+O+O表示主谓双宾，Dseem是系动词，故是主系表形式， S+V+P 表示主系表，故选D。

【点评】考查句子结构，注意seem是系动词的用法。

2．John calls his dog Eddie. The structure of the sentence is _______.A. S+V+OB. S+V+PC. S+V+IO+DOD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：约翰叫他的狗Eddie.这个句子的结构是_____________.根据句子可知这个句子的结构是：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。

故答案为D。

【点评】考查句子成分。

牢记句子成分。

3．This cake is really big. _______ share it.A. May be we canB. We may be canC. Maybe we canD. Maybe can we 【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意“蛋糕真的很大，也许我们可以分享它”。

maybe为副词，也许，可能，放于句首。

may be中may是情态动词，be是动词原形，为系表结构，译为“也许是，可能是”。

根据句意，故选C。

【点评】此题考查简单句和副词的用法。

4．What is the sentence pattern（句型）of the sentence"Linda bought a book yesterday."？A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V +IO +DO D. S+V+O+OC【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意："Linda bought a book yesterday."属于哪种句型。