编译原理 C语言词法分析器一、实验题目编制并调试C词法分析程序。
a.txt源代码:•main() {int sum=0 ,it=1;/* Variable declaration*/if (sum==1)it++;elseit=it+2;}•设计其词法分析程序，能识别出所有的关键字、标识符、常数、运算符（包括复合运算符，如++）、界符；能过滤掉源程序中的注释、空格、制表符、换行符；并且能够对一些词法规则的错误进行必要的处理，如：标识符只能由字母、数字和下划线组成，且第一个字符必须为字母或下划线。
实验要求:要给出所分析语言的词法说明，相应的状态转换图，单词的种别编码方案，词法分析程序的主要算法思想等。
二、实验目的1、理解词法分析在编译程序中的作用；2、掌握词法分析程序的实现方法和技术；3、加深对有穷自动机模型的理解。
三、主要函数四、设计1.主函数 void main ( )2. 初始化函数 void load ( )3. 保留字及标识符判断函数 void char_search(char *word)4. 整数类型判断函数 void inta_search(char *word)5. 浮点类型判断函数 void intb_search(char *word)6. 字符串常量判断函数 void cc_search(char *word)7. 字符常量判断函数 void c_search(char *word)同4、5函数图8.主扫描函数 void scan ( )五、关键代码#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>#include <stdlib.h>char *key0[]={" ","auto","break","case","char","const","continue","default","do","double","else","enum","extern", "float","for","goto","if","int","long","register","return","short","signed","sizeof","static","st ruct","switch","typedef","_Complex","_Imaginary","union","unsigned","void","volatile","while"};/*保留字表*/char *key1[]={" ","(",")","[","]","{","}",",",";","'"};/*分隔符表*/char *key2[]={" ","+","-","*","/","%","<",">","==",">=","<=","!=","!","&&","||","<<",">>","~","|","^","&","=","?: ","->","++","--",".","+=","-=","*=","/="};/*运算符表*/int xx0[35],xx1[10],xx2[31];int temp_key3=0,temp_c40=0,temp_c41=0,temp_c42=0,temp_c43=0;/******* 初始化函数 *******/void load(){int mm;for (mm=0;mm<=34;mm++){xx0[mm]=0;}for (mm=0;mm<=9;mm++){xx1[mm]=0;}for (mm=0;mm<=30;mm++){xx2[mm]=0;}FILE *floading;if ((floading=fopen("key0.txt","w"))==NULL){printf("Error! Can't create file : key0.txt");return;}fclose (floading);/*建立保留字表文件：key0.txt*/if ((floading=fopen("key1.txt","w"))==NULL){printf("Error! Can't create file : key1.txt");return;}/*建立分隔符表文件：key1.txt*/if ((floading=fopen("key2.txt","w"))==NULL){printf("Error! Can't create file : key2.txt");return;}fclose(floading);/*建立运算符表文件：key2.txt*/if ((floading=fopen("key3.txt","w"))==NULL){printf("Error! Can't create file : key3.txt");return;}fclose (floading);/*建立标识符表文件：key3.txt*/if ((floading=fopen("c40.txt","w"))==NULL){printf("Error! Can't create file : c40.txt");return;}fclose (floading);/*建立整数类型常量表文件：c40.txt*/if ((floading=fopen("c41.txt","w"))==NULL){printf("Error! Can't create file : c41.txt");return;}fclose (floading);/*建立浮点类型常量表文件：c41.txt*/if ((floading=fopen("c42.txt","w"))==NULL){printf("Error! Can't create file : c42.txt");return;}fclose (floading);/*建立字符类型常量表文件：c42.txt*/if ((floading=fopen("c43.txt","w"))==NULL){printf("Error! Can't create file : c43.txt");return;}fclose (floading);/*建立字符串类型常量表文件：c43.txt*/if ((floading=fopen("defination.txt","w"))==NULL) {printf("Error! Can't create file : defination.txt");return;}fclose (floading);/*建立注释文件：defination.txt*/if ((floading=fopen("output.txt","w"))==NULL){printf("Error! Can't create file : output.txt");return;}fclose (floading);/*建立内部码文件：output.txt*/if ((floading=fopen("temp_key1","w"))==NULL){printf("Error! Can't create file : temp_key1");return;}fclose (floading);/*建立保留字临时表文件：temp_key1*/if ((floading=fopen("temp_key3","w"))==NULL){printf("Error! Can't create file : temp_key3");return;}fclose (floading);/*建立标识符临时文件：temp_key3*/if ((floading=fopen("temp_c40","w"))==NULL){printf("Error! Can't create file : temp_c40");return;}fclose (floading);/*建立整数类型常量临时文件：temp_c40*/if ((floading=fopen("temp_c41","w"))==NULL){printf("Error! Can't create file : temp_c41");return;}fclose (floading);/*建立浮点类型常量临时文件：temp_c41*/if ((floading=fopen("temp_c42","w"))==NULL){printf("Error! Can't create file : temp_c42");return;}fclose (floading);/*建立字符类型常量临时文件：temp_c42*/if ((floading=fopen("temp_c43","w"))==NULL){printf("Error! Can't create file : temp_c43");return;}fclose (floading);/*建立字符串类型常量临时文件：temp_c43*/}/******* 保留字及标识符判断函数 *******/void char_search(char *word){int m,line=0,csi=0;int value=0;int value2=0;char c,cs[100];FILE *foutput,*finput;for (m=1;m<=34;m++){if (strcmp(word,key0[m])==0){value=1;break;}}if (value==1){if (xx0[m]==0){foutput=fopen("key0.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"0\t%d\t\t%s\n",m,word);fclose(foutput);xx0[m]=1;}foutput=fopen("output.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"0\t%d\t\t%s\n",m,word);fclose(foutput);}else{if (temp_key3==0){foutput=fopen("temp_key3","a");fprintf(foutput,"%s\n",word);fclose(foutput);temp_key3++;foutput=fopen("key3.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"3\t1\t\t%s\n",word);fclose(foutput);}finput=fopen("temp_key3","r");c=fgetc(finput);while (c!=EOF){while (c!='\n'){cs[csi++]=c;c=fgetc(finput);}cs[csi]='\0';csi=0;line++;if ((strcmp(cs,word))==0){value2=1;break;}else{value2=0;c=fgetc(finput);}}fclose(finput);if (value2==1){foutput=fopen("output.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"3\t%d\t\t%s\n",line,word);fclose(foutput);}else{foutput=fopen("temp_key3","a");fprintf(foutput,"%s\n",word);fclose(foutput);temp_key3++;foutput=fopen("output.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"3\t%d\t\t%s\n",temp_key3,word);fclose(foutput);foutput=fopen("key3.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"3\t%d\t\t%s\n",temp_key3,word);fclose(foutput);}}}/******* 整数类型判断函数 *******/void inta_search(char *word){FILE *foutput,*finput;char c;char cs[100];int csi=0;int line=0;int value2=0;if (temp_c40==0){foutput=fopen("temp_c40","a");fprintf(foutput,"%s\n",word);fclose(foutput);temp_c40++;foutput=fopen("c40.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"4\t0\t1\t%s\n",word);fclose(foutput);}finput=fopen("temp_c40","r");c=fgetc(finput);while (c!=EOF){while (c!='\n'){cs[csi++]=c;c=fgetc(finput);}cs[csi]='\0';csi=0;line++;if (strcmp(cs,word)==0){value2=1;break;}c=fgetc(finput);}fclose(finput);if (value2==1){foutput=fopen("output.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"4\t0\t%d\t%s\n",line,word);fclose(foutput);}else{foutput=fopen("temp_c40","a");fprintf(foutput,"%s\n",word);fclose(foutput);temp_c40++;foutput=fopen("output.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"4\t0\t%d\t%s\n",temp_c40,word);fclose(foutput);foutput=fopen("c40.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"4\t0\t%d\t%s\n",temp_c40,word);fclose(foutput);}}/******* 浮点类型判断函数 *******/void intb_search(char *word){FILE *foutput,*finput;char c;char cs[100];int csi=0;int line=0;int value2=0;if (temp_c41==0){foutput=fopen("temp_c41","a");fprintf(foutput,"%s\n",word);fclose(foutput);temp_c41++;foutput=fopen("c41.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"4\t1\t1\t%s\n",word);fclose(foutput);}finput=fopen("temp_c41","r");c=fgetc(finput);while (c!=EOF){while (c!='\n'){cs[csi++]=c;c=fgetc(finput);}cs[csi]='\0';csi=0;line++;if (strcmp(cs,word)==0){value2=1;break;}c=fgetc(finput);}fclose(finput);if (value2==1){foutput=fopen("output.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"4\t1\t%d\t%s\n",line,word);fclose(foutput);}else{foutput=fopen("temp_c41","a");fprintf(foutput,"%s\n",word);fclose(foutput);temp_c41++;foutput=fopen("output.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"4\t1\t%d\t%s\n",temp_c41,word);fclose(foutput);foutput=fopen("c40.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"4\t1\t%d\t%s\n",temp_c41,word);fclose(foutput);}}/******* 字符串常量判断函数 *******/void cc_search(char *word){FILE *foutput,*finput;char c;char cs[100];int csi=0;int line=0;int value2=0;if (temp_c43==0){foutput=fopen("temp_c43","a");fprintf(foutput,"%s\n",word);fclose(foutput);temp_c43++;foutput=fopen("c43.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"4\t3\t1\t%s\n",word);fclose(foutput);}finput=fopen("temp_c43","r");c=fgetc(finput);while (c!=EOF){while (c!='\n'){cs[csi++]=c;c=fgetc(finput);}cs[csi]='\0';csi=0;line++;if (strcmp(cs,word)==0){value2=1;break;}c=fgetc(finput);}fclose(finput);if (value2==1){foutput=fopen("output.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"4\t3\t%d\t%s\n",line,word);fclose(foutput);}else{foutput=fopen("temp_c43","a");fprintf(foutput,"%s\n",word);fclose(foutput);temp_c43++;foutput=fopen("output.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"4\t3\t%d\t%s\n",temp_c43,word);fclose(foutput);foutput=fopen("c43.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"4\t3\t%d\t%s\n",temp_c43,word);fclose(foutput);}}/******* 字符常量判断函数 *******/void c_search(char *word){FILE *foutput,*finput;char c;char cs[100];int csi=0;int line=0;int value2=0;if (temp_c42==0){foutput=fopen("temp_c42","a");fprintf(foutput,"%s\n",word);fclose(foutput);temp_c42++;foutput=fopen("c42.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"4\t2\t1\t%s\n",word);fclose(foutput);}finput=fopen("temp_c42","r");c=fgetc(finput);while (c!=EOF){while (c!='\n'){cs[csi++]=c;c=fgetc(finput);}cs[csi]='\0';csi=0;line++;if (strcmp(cs,word)==0){value2=1;break;}c=fgetc(finput);}fclose(finput);if (value2==1){foutput=fopen("output.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"4\t2\t%d\t%s\n",line,word);fclose(foutput);}else{foutput=fopen("temp_c42","a");fprintf(foutput,"%s\n",word);fclose(foutput);temp_c42++;foutput=fopen("output.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"4\t2\t%d\t%s\n",temp_c42,word);fclose(foutput);foutput=fopen("c42.txt","a");fprintf(foutput,"4\t2\t%d\t%s\n",temp_c42,word);fclose(foutput);}}/******* 主扫描函数 *******/void scan(){int count;char chin;FILE *fin;FILE *fout;char filename[50];char temp[100];char target[3]="'";printf("请输入文件名：");scanf("%s",filename);if ((fin=fopen(filename,"r"))==NULL){printf("Error! Can't open file : %s\n",filename);return;}chin=fgetc(fin);while (chin!=EOF){/*对文件包含、宏定义进行处理*/if (chin=='#'){while (chin!='>')chin=fgetc(fin);/*chin=fgetc(fin);*/}/*对空格符、水平制表符进行处理*/else if ((chin==' ')||(chin=='\t')){;}/*对回车符进行处理*/else if (chin=='\n'){;}/*对单引号内的字符常量进行处理*/else if (chin==target[0]){if (xx1[9]==0){fout=fopen("key1.txt","a");fprintf(fout,"1\t9\t\t%c\n",target[0]);fclose(fout);xx1[9]=1;}temp[0]=chin;chin=fgetc(fin);temp[1]=chin;chin=fgetc(fin);if (chin!=target[0]){temp[2]=chin;chin=fgetc(fin);temp[3]=chin;temp[4]='\0';}else{temp[2]=chin;temp[3]='\0';}c_search(temp);}/*对双引号内的字符串常量进行处理*/else if (chin=='"'){int i=0;temp[i++]='"';chin=fgetc(fin);while (chin!='"'){temp[i++]=chin;chin=fgetc(fin);}temp[i]='"';temp[i+1]='\0';cc_search(temp);}/*对保留字、标识符进行处理*/else if (((chin>='A')&&(chin<='Z'))||((chin>='a')&&(chin<='z'))||(chin=='_')){int i=0;while(((chin>='A')&&(chin<='Z'))||((chin>='a')&&(chin<='z'))||(chin=='_')||((chin>='0')&&(chin<='9'))) {temp[i++]=chin;chin=fgetc(fin);}temp[i]='\0';char_search(temp);if (chin!=EOF)fseek (fin,-1L,SEEK_CUR);}/*对整型、浮点型数据进行处理*/else if ((chin>='0')&&(chin<='9')){int dotcount=0;int i=0;while (((chin>='0')&&(chin<='9'))||(chin=='.')){if (chin=='.')dotcount++;if (dotcount==2)break;temp[i++]=chin;chin=fgetc(fin);}temp[i]='\0';if (dotcount==1)intb_search(temp);elseinta_search(temp);if (chin!=EOF)fseek (fin,-1L,SEEK_CUR);}/*对注释进行处理*/else if (chin=='/'){chin=fgetc(fin);if (chin=='='){fout=fopen("output.txt","a");fprintf(fout,"2\t30\t\t/=\n");fclose(fout);}else if (chin!='*'){fout=fopen("output.txt","a");fprintf(fout,"2\t4\t\t/\n");fclose(fout);fseek(fin,-1L,SEEK_CUR);}else if (chin=='*'){count=0;chin=fgetc(fin);fout=fopen("defination.txt","a");fprintf(fout,"/*");while (count!=2){count=0;while (chin!='*'){fprintf(fout,"%c",chin);chin=fgetc(fin);}count++;fprintf(fout,"%c",chin);chin=fgetc(fin);if (chin=='/'){count++;fprintf(fout,"%c\n",chin);}else{fprintf(fout,"%c",chin);chin=fgetc(fin);}}}}/*对运算符、分隔符进行处理*/else{int time=0;int firstblood=0;temp[0]=chin;chin=fgetc(fin);if (chin!=EOF){temp[1]=chin;temp[2]='\0';for (time=1;time<=30;time++){if (strcmp(temp,key2[time])==0){firstblood=1;if (xx2[time]==0){fout=fopen("key2.txt","a");fprintf(fout,"2\t%d\t\t%s\n",time,temp);fclose(fout);xx2[time]=1;}fout=fopen("output.txt","a");fprintf(fout,"2\t%d\t\t%s\n",time,temp);fclose(fout);break;}}if (firstblood!=1){fseek(fin,-1L,SEEK_CUR);temp[1]='\0';for (time=1;time<=9;time++){if (strcmp(temp,key1[time])==0){if (xx1[time]==0){fout=fopen("key1.txt","a");fprintf(fout,"1\t%d\t\t%s\n",time,temp);fclose(fout);xx1[time]=1;}fout=fopen("output.txt","a");fprintf(fout,"1\t%d\t\t%s\n",time,temp);fclose(fout);break;}}for (time=1;time<=30;time++){if (strcmp(temp,key2[time])==0){if (xx2[time]==0){fout=fopen("key2.txt","a");fprintf(fout,"2\t%d\t\t%s\n",time,temp);fclose(fout);xx2[time]=1;}fout=fopen("output.txt","a");fprintf(fout,"2\t%d\t\t%s\n",time,temp);fclose(fout);break;}}}}}chin=fgetc(fin);}fout=fopen("output.txt","a");fprintf(fout,"1\t6\t\t}\n");fclose(fout);}/******* Main函数 *******/void main(){FILE *fread;char charin;char command='Q';printf("\n");printf("******************** C语言词法分析工具 ********************\n");printf("* *\n");printf("* *\n");printf("* 命令如下： *\n");printf("* 0 --> 查看保留字表文件 *\n");printf("* 1 --> 查看分隔符表文件 *\n"); printf("* 2 --> 查看运算符表文件 *\n"); printf("* 3 --> 查看标识符表文件 *\n"); printf("* 4 --> 查看整数类型常量表 *\n"); printf("* 5 --> 查看浮点类型常量表 *\n"); printf("* 6 --> 查看字符类型常量表 *\n"); printf("* 7 --> 查看字符串类型常量表 *\n"); printf("* 8 --> 查看注释文件 *\n"); printf("* 9 --> 查看内部码文件 *\n"); printf("* -------------------------- *\n"); printf("* Q --> 退出 *\n"); printf("***************************************************************\n"); printf("\n");load();scan();printf("\n");printf("分析完成！\n");getchar();printf("\n");printf("请输入命令：");command=getchar();while ((command!='Q')&&(command!='q')){switch (command){case '0':{printf("*************************\n");printf("\n");fread=fopen("key0.txt","r");charin=fgetc(fread);while (charin!=EOF){putchar(charin);charin=fgetc(fread);}printf("\n");printf("*************************\n");printf("\n");printf("请输入命令：");break;}case '1':{printf("*************************\n");printf("\n");fread=fopen("key1.txt","r");charin=fgetc(fread);while (charin!=EOF){putchar(charin);charin=fgetc(fread);}printf("\n");printf("*************************\n");printf("\n");printf("请输入命令：");break;}case '2':{printf("*************************\n");printf("\n");fread=fopen("key2.txt","r");charin=fgetc(fread);while (charin!=EOF){putchar(charin);charin=fgetc(fread);}printf("\n");printf("*************************\n");printf("\n");printf("请输入命令：");break;}case '3':{printf("*************************\n");printf("\n");fread=fopen("key3.txt","r");charin=fgetc(fread);while (charin!=EOF){putchar(charin);charin=fgetc(fread);}printf("\n");printf("*************************\n");printf("\n");printf("请输入命令：");break;}case '4':{printf("*************************\n");printf("\n");fread=fopen("c40.txt","r");charin=fgetc(fread);while (charin!=EOF){putchar(charin);charin=fgetc(fread);}printf("\n");printf("*************************\n");printf("\n");printf("请输入命令：");break;}case '5':{printf("*************************\n");printf("\n");fread=fopen("c41.txt","r");charin=fgetc(fread);while (charin!=EOF){putchar(charin);charin=fgetc(fread);}printf("\n");printf("*************************\n");printf("\n");printf("请输入命令：");break;}case '6':{printf("*************************\n");printf("\n");fread=fopen("c42.txt","r");charin=fgetc(fread);while (charin!=EOF){putchar(charin);charin=fgetc(fread);}printf("\n");printf("*************************\n");printf("\n");printf("请输入命令：");break;}case '7':{printf("*************************\n");printf("\n");fread=fopen("c43.txt","r");charin=fgetc(fread);while (charin!=EOF){putchar(charin);charin=fgetc(fread);}printf("\n");printf("*************************\n");printf("\n");printf("请输入命令：");break;}case '8':{printf("*************************\n");printf("\n");fread=fopen("defination.txt","r");charin=fgetc(fread);while (charin!=EOF){putchar(charin);charin=fgetc(fread);}printf("\n");printf("*************************\n");printf("\n");printf("请输入命令：");break;}case '9':{printf("*************************\n");printf("\n");fread=fopen("output.txt","r");charin=fgetc(fread);while (charin!=EOF){putchar(charin);charin=fgetc(fread);}printf("\n");printf("*************************\n");printf("\n");printf("请输入命令：");break;}}command=getchar();}}。
