人教版高一英语必修2语法：被动语态

高一英语必修2 Unit 2 The Olympic games (被动语态)【本讲教育信息】一、教学内容：被动语态——The passive voice （1）二、知识精讲（1）语态分类英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)（二）被动语态的构成由助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。

而在汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词来表示被动。

（三）被动语态常见的几种时态1. 一般现在时：am / is / are +done例：Rice is grown in the south of our country.我国南方种植大米。

We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without the teacher’s permission.没有老师的允许我们不允许进入化学实验室。

2. 一般过去时：was / were +done例：His lessons were not easily forgotten.他的课不容易被忘记。

A tall building was put up in my hometown last year.去年（在）我的家乡建了一座高楼。

3. 一般将来时：shall/ will be+ done例：Plenty of jobs will be given to college graduates.将给大学毕业生提供大量的工作。

Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.如果工厂倒闭的话，将失去许多工作岗位。

4. 过去将来时：would +be+ done例：The project would be completed by the end of the year.这项工程将于年底完工。

U n i t 2一、被动语态基础篇1.被动语态的构成：be + 过去分词2.时态通过助动词be变化体现：时态be 过去分词done为例例句一般现在时am / is / are done English is spoken in many countries.一般过去时was / were done Some TV sets for sale in the department storewere stolen last night.一般将来时shall / will + be done He won't be allowed, by his father, to marry Larra.过去将来时would / should + be done They would be sent to the army when theyFinished the training.现在进行时am / is / are + being done The project is being carried out.过去进行时was / were + being done The case was being investigated then.现在完成时have / has + been done This novel has been translated into several languages. 过去完成时had+ been done They said that production costs had been reduced. 【说明】：以上的八个时态可用于被动式，其它没有列举的时态都不宜用于被动语态的句子中。

3.一般能用主动语态时优先使用主动语态。

只在下列情况中才用被动语态：(1)不知道或没必要指出行为、动作的执行者(无须加by短语)Football is played around the world.(2)突出和强调行为或动作的承受着。

人教版高中英语必修 2 现在完成时的被动语态用法讲解(教师版 )【高一同步教程】高中英语必修 2 现在完成时的被动语态用法讲解【学习目标】1．现在完成时被动语态的结构2．现在完成时被动语态的主要用法3．使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题【课前预习】1．什么是语态？语态是表示主语和动词之间的主动关系或被动关系的动词形式。

英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者（施动者），被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者（受动者）。

2．对现在完成时被动语态的理解现在完成时被动语态的结构就是现在完成时态和被动语态结构的叠合，即“have + been + 动词过去分词”。

试比较以下几组句子的谓语结构：1）主动句：He has repaired the machine for two hours.他修理这台机器已有两小时了。

被动句： The machine has been repaired for two hours.这台机器已修了两小时了。

2）主动句：The teacher has borrowed the books.老师把那些书借走了。

被动句： The books have been borrowed by the teacher.那些书被老师借走了。

【教学过程】一、现在完成时被动语态的构成1．现在完成时被动语态的肯定式由“ have ／ has ＋ been ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

例如：Two windows have been broken ．两个窗子被打破了。

2．现在完成时被动语态的否定式由“ have ／ has ＋ not＋ been ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

例如：The car has not been repaired ．这辆汽车还没有修好。

3．现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问式由“Have／ Has ＋主语＋ been＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

例如：① ─ Has her work been finished ？她的工作完成了吗？─ Yes， it has．是的，完成了。

（同步语法讲练）新人教版高中英语必修二Unit 2 Unit 2现在进行时的被动语态现在进行时的被动语态表示“说话时或现阶段正在被干的动作”，主语是动作的承受者。

一．现在进行时被动语态的构成二．主动语态变被动语态的方法【巩固练习】一．将下列主动句变为被动句1.Hunters are hunting African elephants.2.The reporter is interviewing Mary now.3. Look! Her aunt is taking care of the baby.4. The workers are setting up a lot of buildings, and people will move next year.5.He is writing the alarming report , and it will be finished soon.6. Look! A snake is swallowing a frog over there.7. Right now, many volunteers are watching over the deer .8. I'm working at home today because they are painting my office.9. Hunters are hunting these animals at such a speed that they will disappear soon.10. We are protecting the old trees because they are the natural habitat for songbirds.二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。

In the wetland of my hometown, there are many different kinds of animals, including wild birds, fish, snakes, insects and so on. When I was in primary school, I often went there with my friends to watch the birds and study them. That was an interesting place for all of us.But things have begun to change in recent years. Small birds 1_________(catch) with nets. Wild ducks 2__________ (sell) at food markets. Fish and snakes 3 ___________ (kill) for food in restaurants. And even worse, the wetland 4__________ (destroy).答案：一．1.African elephants are being hunted by hunters.2.Mary is being interview by the reporter now.3. Look! The baby is being taken care of by her aunt.4.A lot of tall buildings are being set up by the workers, and people will move next year.5.The alarming report is being written, and it will be finished soon.6. Look! A frog is being swallowed by a snake over there.7. Right now, the deer are being watched over by many volunteers.8. I'm working at home today because my office is being painted.9.These animals are being hunted at such a speed that they will disappear soon.10.The old trees are being protected because they are the natural habitat for songbirds.二．1. are being caught 2. are being sold 3. are being killed 4.is beingdestroyed。

人教版高中英语必修二知识点梳理重点题型（常考知识点）巩固练习现在完成时的被动语态语法点拨概念引入Over time I have been changed quite a lotSince the 1970s many new applications have been found for meI have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.语法讲解【B2U2语法：被动语态】Ⅰ被动语态的概念1. 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

2. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者例如：Many people speak Chinese.3. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受着。

例如：上句可变为_Chinese is spoken by many people.为什么要用被动语态？a)当关注的是事情本身而不是动作的执行者，或者根本不知道动作的执行者时。

如:The meeting was put off.My car has been moved.b)动作的执行者很明确时或强调承受者时。

The ceremony was reported in the news last night.If you break the school rules, you will be punished.c)当动作的执行者是“people”或“one” 时。

He is believed to have invented the computer.Advertisements are seen everywhere.d)修辞的需要，为了使句子更加简练、匀称II. 被动语态的各种时态1.一般现在时：2. 一般过去时：3. 一般将来时：4. 现在进行时：5. 过去进行时：6. 现在完成时：7. 过去完成时：8. 过去将来时：边讲边练：翻译句子1. 全世界越来越多的人讲汉语。

【高一同步教程】高中英语必修2 现在完成时的被动语态用法讲解【学习目标】1. 现在完成时被动语态的结构2. 现在完成时被动语态的主要用法3. 使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题【课前预习】1. 什么是语态？语态是表示主语和动词之间的主动关系或被动关系的动词形式。

英语动词有两种语态: 主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者（施动者）, 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者（受动者）。

2. 对现在完成时被动语态的理解现在完成时被动语态的结构就是现在完成时态和被动语态结构的叠合, 即“ have + been + 动词过去分词”。

试比较以下几组句子的谓语结构:1）主动句: He has repaired the machine for two hours.他修理这台机器已有两小时了。

被动句: The machine has been repaired for two hours. 这台机器已修了两小时了。

2）主动句: The teacher has borrowed the books. 老师把那些书借走了。

被动句：The books have been borrowed by the teacher. 那些书被老师借走了。

【教学过程】一、现在完成时被动语态的构成1. 现在完成时被动语态的肯定式由“have ／has ＋been ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

例如:Two windows have been broken. 两个窗子被打破了。

2. 现在完成时被动语态的否定式由“have ／has ＋not＋been ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

例如:The car has not been repaired. 这辆汽车还没有修好。

3. 现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问式由“Have ／Has ＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

例如:①─Has her work been finished？她的工作完成了吗？─Yes, it has．是的, 完成了。

教学过程一、课堂导入本单元我们将在原有知识的基础上学习新的单词和词组，扩大词汇量和知识面，进一步提高英语水平。

英语学习需要从“听说读写”各个方面着手，提高整体运用能力。

二、复习预习教师引导学生复习上节课重难点，并引入本节课程内容。

由主动语态引出被动语态。

词语辨析1. personal / private / individual2. after all/above all/at all/in all3. type / kind /sort4. deal with/do with词形变化1.explore vt. & vi. 勘探; 探测; 探险exploration n. 勘探; 探测; 探险exploratory adj. 勘探的; 探测的; 探索的2. universe n. 宇宙; 世界universal adj. 全体的; 共同的;普遍的；宇宙的3. appear v. 出现; 显现; 呈现appearance n. 出现; 显现; 呈现外表; 外貌; 外观重点单词1. sum n. 金额; 款项; 总数; 总和2. advantage n.优点；优势；有利条件3. goal n. 球门；进球得的分；目标4. signal n. 信号, 手势, 声音, 暗号v. 发信号; 用信号传达; 用信号与……通讯5. arise vi.（arose, arisen）出现；发生重点词组1. in common 共同的；共有的；共用的2. in a/one way 在某种程度上, 从某种意义上说3. watch over 看守; 监视; 照看4. make up 化妆；化装；捏造，虚构（故事，诗等）重点句子1. By the1940s工had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow larger!2. However，this reality also worried my designers三、知识讲解知识点1主动语态和被动语态的区别：1.Many people speak Chinese.2. Chinese is spoken by many people.1句是主动语态，表示主语是动作的执行者。

【高一同步教程】高中英语必修 2 现在完成时的被动语态用法讲解【学习目标】1．现在完成时被动语态的结构2．现在完成时被动语态的主要用法3．使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题【课前预习】1．什么是语态？语态是表示主语和动词之间的主动关系或被动关系的动词形式。

英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者（施动者），被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者（受动者）。

2．对现在完成时被动语态的理解现在完成时被动语态的结构就是现在完成时态和被动语态结构的叠合，即“have + been + 动词过去分词”。

试比较以下几组句子的谓语结构：1）主动句：He has repaired the machine for two hours. 他修理这台机器已有两小时了。

被动句：The machine has been repaired for two hours. 这台机器已修了两小时了。

2）主动句：The teacher has borrowed the books. 老师把那些书借走了。

被动句：The books have been borrowed by the teacher. 那些书被老师借走了。

【教学过程】一、现在完成时被动语态的构成1．现在完成时被动语态的肯定式由“have ／has ＋been ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

例如：Two windows have been broken．两个窗子被打破了。

2．现在完成时被动语态的否定式由“have ／has ＋not＋been ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

例如：The car has not been repaired．这辆汽车还没有修好。

3．现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问式由“Have／Has ＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

例如：①─Has her work been finished？她的工作完成了吗？─Yes，it has．是的，完成了。

现在完成时的被动语态一、结构：have / has been done二、用法：1）表示到现在为止已经完成的某个被动动作。

The new museum has already been completed(完成) recently.2）表示某个被动动作在说话之前发生，但对现在造成影响Your son has been sent to the hospital, so you needn’t worry too much.3）表示过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去的某个被动动作，往往与表示一段时间的状语连用（如for，since）等，或者so far, now, today, this week 等连用。

Computers have been widely used since the 1970s.三、副词的位置：often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom 等副词置于have/ has 与been中间Such a man has hardly been believed.四、并不是所有动词都有被动语态。

只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词（词组）没有被动语态, 如:happen, take place（发生）, die, appear（出现）, disappear（消失）, remain, last（持续）, sit , break out（爆发）, come true（实现）, belong to，consist of，run out(耗尽)等但许多不及物动词加介词或副词构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，也可以有被动语态。

但短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语的介词或副词。

如look after, take care of，take off , look at, send for(请), look up(查词), look down upon (轻视)，listened toThe child has been taken good care of by Grandma Wang all these years.把下面的主动句变为被动句1. We have completed all the preparations for the task, and we’re ready to start.2. This company has produced new types of computers.3. They have interviewed several teachers for the job.4. George has sent some texts and pictures to his friend’s cellphone.5. They have developed some programmes for the human resource department of their company.主动句与被动句的特殊情况一、含双宾语的被动I gave the book to Mr. Smith yesterday.直接宾语间接宾语——The book was given to Mr. Smith (by me) yesterday. ——Mr. Smith was given a book yesterday (by me) 1）give sb. sth/ give sth. to sb.sb be given sth.sth be given to sb.2）bring sb. sth. / bring sth. to sb.sb. be brought sth.sth. be brought to sb.3）tell sb. sth. / tell sth. to sb.sb. be told sth.sth. be told to sb.4）buy sb. sth. / buy sth. for sb.sb be bought sth.sth. be bought for sb.二、不带to的不定式在变为被动语态时要还原to，包括感官动词（see, watch, hear等）和使役动词（make, let, have）1）I heard her cry last night. →She was heard to cry last night.2）The boss makes them work all day and all night. →They are made to work all day and all night.三、当主动句的宾语是that引导的宾语从句，可转换为两种形式的被动句。

2019新人教版高中英语必修二单元同步语法Unit 2 现在进行时的被动语态现在进行时的被动语态表示“说话时或现阶段正在被干的动作”，主语是动作的承受者。

【巩固练习】一．将下列主动句变为被动句1.Hunters are hunting African elephants.2.The reporter is interviewing Mary now.3. Look! Her aunt is taking care of the baby.4. The workers are setting up a lot of buildings, and people will move next year.5.He is writing the alarming report , and it will be finished soon.6. Look! A snake is swallowing a frog over there.7. Right now, many volunteers are watching over the deer .8. I'm working at home today because they are painting my office.9. Hunters are hunting these animals at such a speed that they will disappear soon.10. We are protecting the old trees because they are the natural habitat for songbirds.二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。

In the wetland of my hometown, there are many different kinds of animals, including wild birds,fish, snakes, insects and so on. When I was in primary school, I often went there with my friends to watch the birds and study them. That was an interesting place for all of us. But things have begun to change in recent years. Small birds 1____________ (catch) with nets. Wild ducks 2____________ (sell) at food markets. Fish and snakes 3 ____________ (kill) for food in restaurants. And even worse, the wetland 4______________ (destroy). Some parts 5 ___ ______(cover) with new houses. You can see rubbish everywhere. The wetland 6_____________ (pollute) seriously every day. I am very worried about it. What can we do?答案：一．1.African elephants are being hunted by hunters .2.Mary is being interview by the reporter now .3. Look! The baby is being taken care of by her aunt.4.A lot of tall buildings are being set up by the workers, and people will move next year.5.The alarming report is being written, and it will be finished soon.6. Look! A frog is being swallowed by a snake over there.7. Right now, the deer are being watched over by many volunteers.8. I'm working at home today because my office is being painted.9.These animals are being hunted at such a speed that they will disappear soon.10.The old trees are being protected because they are the natural habitat for songbirds.二．1. are being caught 2. are being sold 3. are being killed 4. is being destroyed5. are being covered6. is being polluted。