2016年中南大学翻译硕士MTI真题答案解析

考研英语真题及答案2016年考研英语真题及答案考研英语中，考生应能掌握的语言技能包括听、说、读、写四种能力。

但是由于听力能力和口语能力的考查在复试中进行，因此这里只列出读和写两种技能。

下面是店铺整理的2016年真题及答案，希望能帮到大家!SectionⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, _1_ those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2_ a likely spouse on his own andthen ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations, or the young man'sparents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in theselection. 4, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. 5aspouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, _ 7 _ by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and _ 8 _ prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony the bride’s and groom’s wrists, and 10 a candle around a circle of happily in with the wife’s parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 , but not common. Divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval. Each sprouse retains 16property he or she 17 into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is 18 equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 19 up: The divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry 20 the woman must wait ten months.1.[A]by way of[B]on behalf of [C]as well as [D]with regard to2.[A]adapt to [B]provide for [C]compete with [D]decide on3.[A]close [B]renew [C]arrange [D]postpone4.[A]Above all [B]In theory [C]In time [D]For example5.[A]Although [B]Lest [C]After [D]Unless6.[A]into [B]within [C]from [D]through7.[A]since [B]but [C]or [D]so8.[A]copy [B]test [C]recite [D]create9.[A]folding [B]piling [C]wrapping [D]tying10.[A]passing [B]lighting[C]hiding [D]serving11. [A]meeting [B]collection [C]association [D]union12. [A]grow [B]part [C]deal [D]live13. [A]whereas [B]until [C]if [D]for14. [A]obtain [B]follow [C]challenge [D]avoid15. [A]isolated [B]persuaded [C]viewed [D]exposed16. [A]whatever [B]however [C]whenever [D]wherever17.[A]changed[B]brought [C]shaped[D]pushed18.[A]withdrawn[B]invested[C]donated[D]divided19. [A]breaks [B]warms [C]shows [D]clears20.[A]so [B]while [C]once [D]in thatText 1France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it acrime to employ ultra-thin models on runaways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death-as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced,would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly,they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states: “We are a ware ofand take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people.” The charter’s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week (CFW), which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A]New runways would be constructed.[B]Physical beauty would be redefined.[C]Websites about dieting would thrive.[D]The fashion industry would decline.22. The phrase “impinging on” (Line2, Para.2) is closest in meaning to[A]heightening the value of.[B]indicating the state of.[C]losing faith in.[D]doing harm to.23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry?[A]New standards are being set in Denmark.[B]The French measures have already failed.[C]Models are no longer under peer pressure.[D]Its inherent problems are getting worse.24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A]pursuing perfect physical conditions.[B]caring too much about models’ character.[C]showing little concern for health factors.[D]setting a high age threshold for models.25. Which of the following may be the best title of the text?[A]A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Bo dy Ideals[B]A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France[C]Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty[D]The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever.” It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air.” Hill’s pressures late r led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing“off-plan” building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sidedwith those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents StirlingAckroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone, with no intrusion on green belt. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?。

Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1__those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2__ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3__the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may take the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. __4__, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. __5__ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, __7__1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and __8__ prayers of blessing. Par--ts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting,__9__cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists, and __10__a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the __11__. Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife's parents and may__12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to __14__, but not common. Divorced persons are __15__ with some disapproval. Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is __18__ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__up. The divorced male doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry __20__the woman must wait ten months.1. A. by way of B. with regard to C. on behalf of D. as well as2. A. decide on B. provide for C. compete with D. adapt to3. A. close B. arrange C. renew D. postpone4. A. In theory B. Above all C. In time D. For example5. A. Unless B. Less C. After D. Although6. A. into B. within C. from D. through7. A. or B. since C. but D. so8. A. test B. copy C. recite D. create9. A. folding B. piling C. wrapping D. tying10. A. passing B. lighting C. hiding D. serving11. A. association B. meeting C. collection D. union12. A. deal B. part C. grow D. live13. A. whereas B. until C. for D. if14. A. avoid B. follow C. challenge D. obtain15. A. isolated B. persuaded C. viewed D. exposed16. A. wherever B. whatever C. whenever D. however17. A. changed B. brought C. shaped D. pushed18. A. invested B. divided C. donated D. withdrawn19. A. warms B. clears C. shows D. breaks20. A. while B. so that C. once D. in that1.[标准答案] [D]as well as[考点分析] 本题考察逻辑关系[选项分析] 因为考察逻辑关系，所以需要我们先对填空前后的原文信息做定位分析：文章身处大环境not only…..but also之中，这是一个明显的并列关系，表示“不仅……而且……”该空与前一句“his parents and his friends”也是并列关系，表示“与他本人以及伴侣的父母朋友相关”所以答案只能是D. as well as.A. by way of通过B. with regard to 关于C. on behalf of 代表2.[标准答案] [A] decide on[考点分析] 上下文语义[选项分析] 根据该句的主语a young man与宾语a likely spouse的关系，答案只能是A. decide on 决定。

全国8大分校·出题人阅卷人加盟·多对一跟踪督促·精准考研信息·考前绝密押题·复试协议保过高端状元集训营·一对一押题保分·专业课视频课程·全套真题（含解析）笔记·专业课押题卷中国人民大学翻译硕士考研资料-----育明教育考研一．中国人民大学翻译硕士考研内容分析专业招生人数初试复试英语笔译年份统考推免政治100分翻译硕士英语100分英语翻译基础150分汉语写作与百科知识150分复试总分值为350分。

各项成绩以本项分值的60%为及格线，所有成绩均达到及格，才能视为复试合格。

各项成绩分配如下：1.专业综合课笔试（分值100分）2.第二外国语笔试（分值50分）3.专业课和综合素质面试（分值150分）4.第二外国语听力和口试（分值50分）2015113201685英语口译201561201635二．育明考研考博辅导中心孙老师解析：关于中国人民大学翻译硕士2016年的招生信息最新总结：1.中国人民大学翻译硕士2015年开始招生，人数不多，难度中等偏上，报录比大概10：1，孙老师建议大家可以提前备考。

16年复试分数线350分，笔译进复试12人，录取8人，最高分378分，最低分352分。

口译进复试5人，录取3人，最高分364分，最低分350分。

2，中国人民翻译硕士考研参考书真题都不公布，很多考生觉得无从下手，但是没有参考书并不能阻碍什么。

考研，非参加知识竞赛，背书即可。

研究生入学考试，考的是语言能力，不是考记忆力。

全国8大分校·出题人阅卷人加盟·多对一跟踪督促·精准考研信息·考前绝密押题·复试协议保过高端状元集训营·一对一押题保分·专业课视频课程·全套真题（含解析）笔记·专业课押题卷3，人大开始招生不久，复试第一年没有考察二外，16年开始考察二外，笔试面试都有，希望大家看清楚条件，谨慎报考。

2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题Section 1 Use of EnglishDirectious:Read the following Text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points) In Cambodia, the choice of a souse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, 1 those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker.A young man 2 a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen.5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists, and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 . Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can bulid a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 , but not common. Divorces persons are 15 with some disapproval. Easch spouse retains 16 property he or she Divorced persons may.1. [A]by way of [B]with regard to [C]on behalf of [D]as wellas2. [A]decide on [B]provide for [C]compete with [D]adapt to3. [A]close [B] arrange [C]renew [D]postpone4. [A]In theory [B] Above all [C]In time [D]For example5. [A]Unless [B] Lest [C]After [D]Although6. [A]into [B] within [C]from [D]through7. [A]or [B]since [C]but [D]so8. [A] test [B]copy [C]recite [D]create9. [A]folding [B]piling [C]wrapping [D]tying10. [A]passing [B]lighting [C]hiding [D]serving11. [A]association [B]meeting [C]collection [D]union12. [A]deal [B]part [C]grow [D]live13. [A]whereas [B]until [C]for [D]if14. [A]avoid [B]follow [C]challenge [D]obtain15. [A]isolated [B]persuaded [C]viewed [D]exposed16. [A]wherever [B]whatever [C]whenever [D]however17. [A]changed [B]brought [C]shaped [D]pushed18. [A]invested [B]divided [C]donated [D]withdrawn19. [A]warms [B]clears [C]shows [D]breaks20. [A]while [B]so that [C]once [D]in thatText1France，which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion , has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways . The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protectingmodels from starving themselves to death –as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women , especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans ,if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a govemment-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states:”We aware of and t ake responsibility for the impact the ideals, especially on young people”. The charter’s main tool of enforcement is (CFW), which is run by the Danish21. According to the first paragraph，what would happen in France?【A】Physical beauty would be redefined.【B】New runways would be constructed.【C】Wcbsites about dieting would thrive.【D】The fanshing industry would decline.22. The phrase “impinging on”(Line 2，Para.2) is closest in meaning to【A】heightening the value of.【B】indicating the state of.【C】losing faith in.【D】doing harm to.23. Which of the following is true od the fashion industry?【A】The French measures have already failed.【B】New standrds are being set in Denmark.【C】Models are no longer under peer pressure.【D】Its inberent problerma are getting wotse.Text 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country, In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate”the countryside”alongside the royal family,Shakespeare and t he National Health Serivce (NHS) at what makes them proudest of their country，this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill Launched the national trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone f orever” It was specifically to provide city dwellers with space for leisure where they could experience“a refreshing air .”Hill is pressure later led to creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more，and every year concrete consumes more of it . it needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The conservatives planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation，even authorsing “o ff-plan”building where local people might object. The concept ofsustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The liberal democrats are silent. Only ukip, sensing its chance,has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land.its Campaign to protect ruralEngland struck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses，factories and offices is where people are，in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents stirling ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone，with no intrusion on green belt.what is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that”housing crisis ”equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but,as always，where to put them. Under lobby pressure，George Osboyne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town,shopping sites against high streets . this is not a free market but a biased one. Rural town and villages have grown and will26 Britain is public sentiment about the countrysideA has brought much benefit to the NHSB didn’t start till the Shakespearean ageC is fully backed by the royal familyD is not well reflected in politics27 According to Paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now beingA gradually destroyedB effectively reinforcedC properly protectedD largely overshadowed28 which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservationB the conservatives may abandon ”off -plan“buildingC the liberal democrats are losing political influenceD labour is under attack for opposing development29 the author holds that George Osborne is preferenceA reveals a strong prejudice against urban areasB shows his disregard for character of rural areasC stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisisD highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure30 in the last paragraph，the author shows his appreciation ofA the size of population in BritainB the enviable urban lifestyle in BritainC the town-and-country planning in BritainD the political life in today is BritainText 4There will eventurally come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint .Exactlly when that day will be is a matter of debate.”Sometime in the future ”,the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there’s plenty of incentive toditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper—printing presses ,delivery trucks-isn’t just expensive ;it’s excessive at a time when online-only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints.Readers are migrating away from print away .And though print ad sales still dwarf thire online and mobile counterparts,revenue from print is still declining.Over way be high and circulation lower ,but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake ,say BuzzFeed CEO Joah Peretti.Pereti says the Time should’t waste time getting out of the printbusiness,But only if they go about it the right way .”Fighting out of a way to accelerate that transition would make sense of them,”he said,“but if you discontinue it“you’re going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes,that’s worth making a change anyway.Peretti give s the example seen as a blunder,”he said.“The move turned out to be foresighted.Ane if peretti would rale prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor,the idea goes,and they’d feel lik e they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in ,”So if you’re overpaying for print,you could feel like you were helping,”Perettisaid “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.”In o ther words,if you’re going to make a print product ,make it for the people who are already obsessed with it .which way be what the time is doing already .Getting the print edition seven days a week costs each –a year-more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription.36.The New York Times is considering ending its print edition partly due to[A]the pressure from its investors.[B]the complaints from its readers.[C]the high cost of operation.[D]the increating online ad sales.37.Peretti suggests that,in face of the present situation,the Times should[A]make strategic adjustments[B]end the print sdition for good.[C]seek new sources of readership.[D]aim for efficient management.38.It can be inferred form Paragraphs 5and6 that a “legacy product”[A]will have the cost of printing reduced.[B]is meant for the most loyal customers.[C]helps restore the glory of former times.[D]expands the popularity of the paper.39.Peretti believes that,in a changing world,[A]traditional luxuries can stay unaffected.[B]aggressiveness better meets challenges.[C]cautiousness facilitates problem-solving.[D]legacy businesses are becoming outdated.40.which of the following would be the best title of the Text?[A]Make Your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good.[B]Keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion.[C]Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your Hand.[D]Shift Online Newspapers All at Once.Part BDirections:Read the following Text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 Points)No matter how formal or informa the work environment，the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in first impressions. According to research from Princeton University，people assess your competence，trustworthiness，and likeability in just a tenth of a second，solely based on the way you look.The difference between today’s workplace and the“dress for succeas” era is that the range of options is so much broader.Norms haveevolved and fragmentedIn some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in others not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials,it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one that enhance our goals? Here are some tips;41about how others perceive you.Maybe there’s no need for an upgradea nd that’s OK.42.Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more “SoHo.”(It’s OK to use characterizations like that.)43. Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What converys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural con Text, the more control you can have over your impact.44. Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and con Text. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J.Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.Part CDirections:Read the following Text carefully and then translate the undetlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Mental heal th is our birthright.(46) We don’t have to learn how to be mentally heally; it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone. Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like the immune system or the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the value of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us.(47) O ur mental health doesn’t really go anywhere ;like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem-confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in out common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives – the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will woke out. It’s a form of innate or unlearne d optimism.(48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles. With kindness if they ate in pain .and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful. Managing our home life , or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for About how others perceive you.Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade a nd that’s OK.Section III WritingPart A51 .Directions:Suppose you are a librarian in your university .Write a notice of about 100 words，providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.DO not sigh your own name at the end of the notice. Use “Li Ming” instead.DO not write the address. (10 points)Part B52 .Directions:Write an essay of 160—200 words based on the following picture in your essay, you should1. describe the pictures briefly,2. interpret its intended meaning, and3. give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题答案解析I cloze1. As well as2. Decide on3. Arrange4. Above all5. After6. Into7. But 8. Recite9. Tying10. Lighting11. Union12. Live13. Until14. Obtain15. Persuaded16. Whatever17. Brought18. Divided19. Shows20. WhileII Reading comprehensionPart AText121. Physical beauty would be redefined.22. Doing harm to.23. New standards are being set in Denmark.24. Showing little concern for health factors.25. A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals.Text 226.is not well reflected in politics27. gradually destroyed28. The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence29. highlight his firm stand against lobby pressure30. the town-and-country planning in BritainText 331. uncertainty32. winning33. less severe34. has an impact on their decision35. the necessaryText 436. the high cost of operation37. make strategic adjustments38. is meant for the most loyal customers39. Aggressiveness better meets challenges40. Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your HandPart B41. Decide if the time is right42. Know your goals43. Understand the context44. Work with professionals45. Make it efficientPart C46. 我们不必学习如何保持健康的心理;它与生俱来，正如我们的身体知道如何让伤口痊愈，如何让骨折好转。

中国政法大学翻译硕士考研真题--百科知识解析1.4管理1.4.1考研真题及详解1.我们全面推进产I结构调整和优化升级.制定汽车、钢铁等十个重点产业的调整和振兴规划。

.我们采取经济和技术的措施，大力推进节能减排,推进企业兼并重组.提高产业集中度和资源配置效率。

我们鼓励和支持企业广泛应用新技术、新工艺、新设备、新材料，开发适销对路产品。

（南开大学2010翻译硕士）答：（1)产业结构，亦称国民经济的部门结构。

产业结构调整是当今各国发展经济的重要课题，调整和建立合理的产业结构，目的是促进经济和社会的发展，人民物质文化生活水平的改善。

产业结构调整包括产业结构合理化和高级化两个方面。

产业结构合理化是指各产业之间相互协调，有较强的产业结构转换能力和良好的适应性，能适应市场需求变化，并带来最佳效益。

产业结构高级化，是指产业结构系统从较低级形式向较高级形式的转化过程。

(2).产业结构优化，是指推动产业结构合理化和产业结构高级化发展的过程，是实现产业结构与资源供给结构、技术结构、需求结构相适应的状态。

产业结构优化升级是产业结构合理化和高级化的有机统一。

产业结构合理化是产业结构高级化的基础；产业结构高级化是产业结构合理化的必然结果。

推进产业结构优化升级是我国经济社会发展进程中的一项长期任务。

(3)节能减排有广义和狭义之分。

广义而言，节能减排是指节约物质资源和能量资源，减少废弃物和环境有害物(包括三废和噪声等）的排放；狭义而言，节能减排是指节约能源和减少环境有害物排放。

《中华人民共和国节约能源法》所称节约能源（简称节能），是指加强用能管理，采取技术上可行、经济上合理以及环境和社会可以承受的措施，从能源生产到消费的各个环节，降低消耗、减少损失和污染物排放、制止浪费，有效、合理地利用能源。

(4)兼并是指通过产权的有偿转让，把其他企业并人本企业或企业集团中，使被兼并的企业失去法人资格或改变法人实体的经济行为；企业重组是指针对企业产权关系和其他债务资产管理结构所展开的企业的改组、整顿与整合的过程，从整体上和战略上改善企业经营管理状况，强化企业在市场上的竞争能力，推进企业创新。

2016年中南大学翻译硕士MTI真题答案解析各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上研究生，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

第1卷：基础英语Part 1: Grammar and V ocabulary. （25 POINTS）01. Is vanity one of the seven deadly sins?A. foolishnessB. sanityC. prideD. selfishness02. The child was uncomfortable under the scrutiny of his grandfather.A. examinationB. weightC. gazeD. attention03. Professor Bright likes to ramble during her lectures.A. mumbleB. ruminateC. wonderD. wander04. The teacher is very exacting about his students’penmanship.A. lenientB. demandingC. carefulD. meticulous05. There are rumors of an economic menace from the dairy cooperatives.A. problemB. ultimatumC. disasterD. threat06. The driver was baffled when his turn signal wouldn’t work.A. confusedB. surprisedC. angeredD. dismayed07. The father gave his son a horse, which was considered extravagant by the rest of the family.A. exorbitantB. crazyC. unwiseD. generous08. After the boy was hit on the head, he had no recollection of anything that had happened before.A. memoirB. memberC. memoryD. memento09. The little girls were commended for their wonderful dance presentation.A. recommendedB. respectedC. pleasedD. praised10. It would be a blessing for the human race if the mosquito could be eradicated.A. wiped upB. wiped awayC. wiped offD. wiped out11. The clamorous group of children enjoyed the park all afternoon.A. nosyB. noxiousC. noisyD. noisome12. The flood waters began to abate as soon as the rain ceased.A. diminishB. dimC. deemD. dilute13. New York City’s Brooklyn area holds 2. 2 million diverse and disputatious people.A. disreputableB. argumentativeC. arbitraryD. ardent14. Few visitors care that the neighborhood is dominated by high rises and skyscrapers.A. overlookedB. overthrownC. over passedD. overshadowed15. With the new leadership there came sweeping change.A. uprootingB. wide-reachingC. reachingD. specific16. The sudden bankruptcy of these financial giants threw the investors ____ and caused them to ____.A. in a panic/stampedeB. in a panic/panicC. in confusion/hold their stocksD. in despair/withdraw gradually17. During the flood of 1927, the Red Cross, ____ out of emergency headquarters in Mississippi, set up temporary shelters for the homeless.A. operatesB. is operatingC. has operatedD. operating18. The quantum theory states ____, such as light, is given off and absorbed in tiny definite units called quanta or photons.A. energy thatB. that it is energyC. it is energyD. that energy19. The best known of all the Arctic birds, ____.A. birdwatchers favor ptarmigansB. being ptarmigans’and birdwatchers’favoritesC. favored by both ptarmigans and birdwatchersD. ptarmigans are a favorite of birdwatchers20. Geysers are round near rivers and lakes, where water drains through the soil ____.A. surface below the deepB. deep below the surfaceC. the deep below surfaceD. the deep surface below21. “Yesterday he had a blue heart and coat.”That is an example of ____.A. punB. metonymyC. zeugmaD. sytllepsis22. “By day’s end, I had drilled 4216 holes to a depth of 18 inches, and I had lost mine pounds, my hearing, feeling in both hands and the ability to lift anything heavier than the evening paper.”That is an example of ____.A. punB. syllepsisC. anticlimaxD. allusion23. “Britannia rules the waves, Mussolini waives the rules.”That is an example of ____.A. paregmenonB. regressionC. paradoxD. zeugma24 “Clearly, when it comes to marriage, practicing beforehand doesn’t make perfect.”That is an example of ____.A. oxymoronB. transferred epithetC. malapropismD. parody25. “The one in the brown suit gaped at her. Blue suit grinned, might even have winked. The big nose in grey suit still stared—and he had small angry eyes and did noteven smile.”That is an example of ____.A. hyperboleB. transferred epithetC. metonymyD. oxymoronPart 2: Reading Comprehension. （15 POINTS）Passage AFor years, millions of Americans and people from around the world have crowded into the well-known major parks. They have read the travel literature or heard firsthand reports about these wonders, and naturally they’ve had to see for themselves.At times, visiting some of our parks has become more like rubbing elbows at a jam packed Major League baseball game than sensing the solitude of the wilderness. We have tried to see the most and the best in the least amount of time. We have jumped into cars and campers and rushed off to cover a dozen parks in a week or two —madly snapping photographs as we go.01. According to the passage, many Americans visit the major parks because ____.A. they like the well-known major parks.B. they want to gain the same knowledge as others.C. they want to show the pictures of those parks to their friends.D. they don’t care for the historic parks.02. We can infer from the passage that ____.A. people should not visit several parks superficially.B. people should not spend more time thinking about the park itself.C. people should visit the famous parks in America.D. people should drive around the parks.Passage BFull-time faculty and staff on the University payroll, when applying for an annual permit, may authorize payment of their parking fees by payroll deduction. The first deduction will include the regular monthly deduction of $15.00 plus a one-time deduction to cover all parking charges accruing prior to the first deduction period.01. These instructions apply to ____.A. anyone who is applying for a parking permitB. all people who want to park at the UniversityC. people who work full-time at the UniversityD. people who are applying to work at the University02. You may have your parking fees deducted from your pay if you ____.A. are applying for an annual permitB. have paid all prior parking chargesC. apply before the first deduction periodD. park at the University regularlyPassage CThe science of linguistics has helped to reconstruct the long road the ancestors of modern day Indians traveled in North America. At the time of the discovery of the New World, the explorers found a babel of tongues. In North and South America more languages were spoken—about 2,200 of them—than all of Europe and Asia at that time. Despite what some early explorers and European scholars believed, there never was such a language as “American Indian”—meaning, presumably, one common language with only local dialects. Rather than one common language that linked the Indians of North America, about 550 distinct languages were spoken, and nearly everylanguage comprised numerous dialects. A second misconception was that a language had to be written to rank as a full-fledged language. In North America, a truly written language developed only in Mexico, yet most Indian groups were able to communicate a rich unwritten tradition of poetry, oratory, and drama.01. When explorers discovered North America, ____.A. there was one common language spoken throughout the landB. they discovered a placed called BabelC. written language was an important means of communicationD. there were many languages spoken, most with many dialects02. An incorrect belief of some early scholars was that ____.A. 550 distinct languages were spoken in North AmericaB the American Indian language had many dialectsC. more languages were spoken in North America than in EuropeD. to be a real language, a language had to be written03. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? ____A. Only Mexican Indians communicated through poetry, drama, and oration.B. Most Indian languages were rich in poetry, oratory and drama.C. Only written Indian languages were rich in poetry, oratory, and drama.D. North American Indians did not develop a truly written language.Passage DIn general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and “human-relations”experts, yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not whole heartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue- and white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.The worker and employee are anxious, not only because they might f themselves out of a job; they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life. They live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings.Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates, They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of submissiveness and independence. From that moment on they are tested again and again—by thepsychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than one’s fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness.Am I suggesting that we should return to the preindustrial mode of production or to nineteenth-century “free enterprise”capitalism? Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities—those of love and of reason—are the aims of all social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man.01. By “a well-oiled cog in the machinery”the author intends to render the idea that man is ____.A. a necessary part of the society though each individual’s function is negligibleB. working in complete harmony with the rest of the societyC. an unimportant part in comparison with the rest of the society, though functioning smoothlyD. a humble component of the society, especially when working smoothly02. The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that ____.A. they are likely to lose their jobsB. they have no genuine satisfaction or interest in lifeC. they are faced with the fundamental realities of human existenceD. they are deprived of their individuality and independence03. From the passage we can infer that real happiness of life belongs to those ____.A. who are at the bottom of the societyB. who are higher tip in their social statusC. who prove better than their fellow-competitorsD. who could keep far away from this competitive world04. To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should ____.A. resort to the production mode of our ancestorsB. offer higher wages to the workers and employeesC. enable man to fully develop his potentialitiesD. take the fundamental realities for grantedPassage EThe newspaper must provide for the reader the facts, pure, unprejudiced, objectively selected facts. But in these days of complex news it must provide more; it must supply interpretation, the meaning of the facts, This is the most importantassignment confronting American journalism—to make clear to the reader the problems of the day, to make international news understandable as community news, to recognize that there is no longer any such thing (with the possible exception of society news) as “local”news, because any event in the international area has local reaction in the financial market, political circles, in terms, indeed, of our very way of life.There is in journalism a widespread view that when you consider giving an interpretation, you are entering dangerous waters, the swirling tides of opinion. This is nonsense.The opponents of interpretation insist that the writer and the editor shall confine himself to the “facts”. This insistence raises two questions. What are the facts? And: Are the bare facts enough?As for the first question, consider how a so-called “factual”story comes about. The reporter collects, say, fifty facts; out these fifty, his space being necessarily restricted, he selects the ten which he considers most important. This is judgment Number One. Then he or his editor decides which of these ten facts shall constitute the beginning of the article. (This is an important decision because many readers do not proceed beyond fine first paragraph.) This is Judgment Number Two. Then the night editor determines whether fine article shall be presented on page one, where it has a large influence, or on page twenty-four, where it has little. Judgment Number Three.Thus in the presentation of a so-called “factual”or “objective”story, at leastthree judgments: are involved. And they are judgments not at all unlike those involved in interpretation, in which. , reporter and editor, calling upon their research resources, their general background, and their “news neutralism”, arrive at a conclusion as to the significance of the news.The two areas of judgment, presentation of the news and its interpretation, art both objective rather than subjective processes—as objective, that is, as any human being can be. (Note in passing: even though complete objectivity can never be achieved, nevertheless the ideal must always be the light in the murky news channels.) If an editor is intent on giving a prejudiced view of the news, he can do it in other ways and more effectively than by interpretation. He can do it by the selection of those facts that support his particular viewpoint. Or he can do it by the play he gives a story —promoting it to page one or putting it on page thirty.01. The best title for this passage is ____.A. Function of the Night EditorB. Interpreting the NewsC. Subjective versus Objective ProcessesD. Choosing Facts02. The author implies that ____.A. in writing a factual story, the writer must use judgmentB. the writer should limit himself to the factsC, reporters give prejudiced view of the factsD. editors control what the reporters write03. The beginning sentence should present the most important fact because ____.A. it will influence the reader to continueB. most readers read only the first paragraphC. it is the best way to write according to the schools of journalismD. it details the general attitude of the writer04. Readers are justified in thinking that the most important aspect of the news reported in the newspaper is that it should be ____.A. interpreted in detailB. edited properlyC. objectively reportedD. impartialPart 3: Translation. （30 POINTS）01. In the early stage of our life, our parents are the ones who shower us withunconditional love and care, they teach us about what is right and wrong, good and bad. But we always tend to take this for granted. It is only after marriage and having kids that a person understands and becomes sensitive to others feelings. Kids make a person responsible and mature and help us to understated life better.02. Materialistic happiness is short-lived, but happiness achieved by bringing a smile on others face gives a certain level of fulfillment. Peace of mind is the main link to happiness. No mind is happy without peace. We realize the true worth of happiness when we are in sorrow. Sorrow is basically due to death of a loved one, failure and despair. But these things are temporary and pass away.03. Failure is the path to success. It helps us to touch the sky, teaches us to survive and shows us a specific way. Success brings in money, fame, pride and self-respect. Here it becomes very important to keep our head on our shoulder. The only way to show our gratitude to God for bestowing success on us is by being humble, modest, courteous and respectful to the less fortunate ones.04. Hope is what keeps life going. Parents always hope their children will do well. Hope makes us dream. Hope builds in patience. Life teaches us not to despair even in the darkest hour, because after every night there is a day. Nothing remains the same. We have only one choice keep moving on in life and be hopeful.05. Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday, for it has passed and is beyond our control. Tomorrow is unknown, for it could either be bright or dull. So the only alternative is work hard today, so that we will enjoy a better tomorrow.06. 从我居室的窗口望出去，可以看到一棵高高的芙蓉树。

翻译硕士考研指导关于翻译硕士考研院校选择：写在前面的话：近年来由于个别案例被放大，导致在择校问题上有不少误传，比如只能报考第一批次，只能报考211、985高校，再比如这个专业学费高昂，等等。

这些，我们手上是有几乎全部院校的数据的，在此举几个简单的例子就足以说明问题：首先，批次只代表开设时间长短，没有其他特殊含义，比如西南大学是第一批开设的，川外却是第二批，国际关系学院更是第三批才开放。

第二，针对211、985，参评的多数都是理工类院校，比如MTI招生校中的华南理工，但MTI 毕竟是个语言类专业，一些非常不错的，比如北语比如广外，既不是211也不是985。

教学评估也是一样的道理，上海对外贸易大学，不知道有多少人听说过？不是211，不是985，强项是外语文学法学等专业，教学评估排行也就30名的样子，但是你知不知道世贸组织全球14个教席大学里，咱们国家唯一入选的就是它了？再比如，你知不知道复旦的教学评估居然是全国最后一名？各种原因，不足为外人道也。

总之：名校虽好，但是更多的代表的是一种科研能力，于语言这种重在应用的学科没有太多的含义。

再次，关于学费的问题，这个要考虑学校的资源，建设的成本等问题，比如13年北语的学费是9千，外语相对较弱的北林却是1万5，这就是新开专业建设成本较高导致的，而同样优秀的广外，学费也是上完，这就是资源成本了，每年的广交会的翻译基本都是广外承担的，学校让学生去历练，其实是淡了很大的风险的。

____________________________________________________________北京师范大学1-庄绎传，《英汉翻译简明教程》。

北京：外语教学与研究出版社，20022-叶子南，《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》。

北京：清华大学出版社，20013-张汉熙，《高级英语》（修订本）第1、2册。

北京：外语教学与研究出版社，19954-张卫平，《英语报刊选读》。

北京：外语教学与研究出版社，20055-张岱年，《中国文化概论》。

2016翻译硕士英语考研真题分享2016翻译硕士英语初试落下帷幕，凯程教育的电话瞬间变成了热线，同学们兴奋地汇报自己的答题情况，几乎所有内容都在凯程考研集训营系统训练过，翻译硕士英语专业课难度与往年相当，答题的时候非常顺手，翻译硕士英语题型今年是选择题，判断题、简答题、分析论述题，相信凯程的学员们对此非常熟悉，预祝亲爱的同学们复试顺利。

翻译硕士英语分笔试、面试，如果没有准备，或者准备不充分，很容易被挂掉。

如果需要复试的帮助，同学们可以联系凯程老师辅导。

下面凯程英语老师把翻译硕士英语的真题全面展示给大家，供大家估分使用，以及2017年考翻译硕士英语的同学使用，本试题凯程首发，转载注明出处1.选词填空，15选10，有点像六级的那种。

2.完形填空，20道。

3.选择题。

是每句话有一个划线单词，让你从四个选项中选一个能替代它的单词。

4.阅读题，四篇，最后一篇是以填空的形式5.作文，大概就是说房屋紧缺问题十分严重，尤其是在大城市，有些人认为只有政府才能解决，问你的看法。

400字。

英语翻译基础1.词条ASAP FYI GPS OMG EQ IMF MPA DHL RSVP Xmas ISO 雁门关支付宝社会主义核心价值观2015巴黎联合国气候变化大会十三五规划七夕经济结构调整义县八项规定一带一路OTC英翻中《The Aim of a University Education》-----by John Henry NewmanIf then a practical end must be assigned to a university course,I say it is that of training good members of society.Its art is the social life,and its end is fitness for the world.It neither confines its views to particular professions on the one hand,nor creates heroes or inspires genius on the other.Workers indeed of genius fall under no art; heroic minds come under no rule; a university is not a birthplace of poets or of immortal authors,of founders of schools,or leaders of colonies,or conquerors of nations.It does not promise a generation of Aristotles or Newtons,of Napoleons or Washingtons,of Raphaels or Shakespears,though such miracles of nature it has before now contained within its precincts.Nor is it content on the other hand with forming the critic or the experimentalist,the economist or the engineer,although such too it includes with its scope.But a university training is the great ordinary means to a great but ordinary end; it aims at raising the intellectual tone of society,at cultivating the public mind,at purifying the national taste,at giving enlargement and sobriety to the idea of the age,at facilitating the exercise of political power,and refining the intercourse of private life.It is the education which gives a man a clear,conscious views of his own opinions and judgments,a truth in developing them,an eloquence in expressing them,and a force in urging them.It teaches him to see things as they are,to go right to the point,to disentangle a skein ofthought,to detect what is sophistical,and to discard what is irrelevant.It prepares him to fill any post with credit,and to master any subject with facility.It shows him how to accommodate himself to others,how to throw himself into their stat of mind,how to bring before them his own,how to influence them,how to come to an understanding with them,how to bear with them.中翻英每个人都有理想和追求，都有自己的梦想。

2016年中山大学翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 单项选择题 5. 应用文写作8. 命题作文单项选择题1．东南亚(Southeast Asia)位于亚洲东南部，包括中南半岛和马来群岛两大部分。

中南半岛因位于中国以南而得名，南部的细长部分叫马来半岛。

马来群岛散布在太平洋和印度洋之间的广阔海域，是世界最大的群岛，共有两万多个岛屿，面积约243万平方千米。

以下哪一组国家属于东南亚国家?( ) A．越南、老挝、柬埔寨、印度、文莱B．马来西亚、新加坡、东帝汶、印度尼西亚、缅甸C．尼泊尔、泰国、菲律宾、文莱、新加坡D．越南、老挝、缅甸、不丹、孟加拉国正确答案：B解析：东南亚有11个国家，包括位于中南半岛上的越南、老挝、柬埔寨、泰国、缅甸、马来西亚、新加坡，以及位于马来群岛上的印度尼西亚、文莱、菲律宾、东帝汶。

A项中的印度，C项中的尼泊尔和D项中的不丹属于南亚国家。

故本题答案为B项。

2．欧洲联盟(简称欧盟，European Union—EU)是由欧洲共同体(European communities)发展而来的，是一个集政治实体和经济实体于一身、在世界上具有重要影响的区域一体化组织。

1991年12月，欧洲共同体马斯特里赫特首脑会议通过《欧洲联盟条约》，通称《马斯特里赫特条约》(简称《马约》)。

1993年11月1日，《马约》正式生效，欧盟正式诞生。

欧盟的总部设在哪个城市?( ) A．阿姆斯特丹B．赫尔辛基C．日内瓦D．布鲁塞尔正确答案：D解析：欧盟总部设在比利时首都布鲁塞尔。

阿姆斯特丹是荷兰首都，也是荷兰最大城市和第二大港口。

赫尔辛基是芬兰首都。

日内瓦位于瑞士西南部，是瑞士第三大城市。

日内瓦是著名的国际城市，包括联合国日内瓦办事处、世界卫生组织等在内的众多国际组织和机构设在日内瓦。

3．清朝末年，我国山东、河北等地人口向东北地区迁移，习惯上称为“闯关东”，关东指______以东地区，也叫关外地区。

2016年12月研究生英语学位课统考（GET）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 2. VOCABULARY 3. CLOZE 4. READING COMPREHENSION 5. TRANSLATION 6. WRITINGLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSection A Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be read only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.听力原文：1. W: John, how far away are we from the desert?M: About 300 miles. We have to get some gas. Service stations on the highway are few and far between. W: That’s a good idea. Q: What can we learn about driving along this highway?2. M: Would you please tell me how to get to Times Square from here?W: Sure. You can take the subway or a bus. You can also get there on foot if you are not exhausted now. M: Sorry. I didn’t catch that. Q: What does the man mean?3. W: Attention please. Our schedule for today will start by visiting the Forbidden City in the morning. After lunch at a nearby restaurant, we are going to the Summer Palace. We’ll probably return to our hotel around 7 p.m.M: Will we be free in the evening?W: Yes. We have no particular arrangement in the evening.Q: What is the woman’s job likely to be?4. W: I was told that you have broken up with your girlfriend. Is that true?M: Yes, it’s true. She’s always been rude to me, but the last straw was when she started insulting my mother. Q: What can we learn about this man?5. M: Hello, Jane. Haven’t seen you for ages. How are you doing?W: Not bad. I’m working as a sales representative. I travel a lot. That’s why you rarely see me. M: Why did you quit your job as the CEO’s secretary? W: I became fed up with making or answering telephone calls all day. Q: Why did the woman change her job?1．A．There are many gas stations.B．There are few gas stations.C．There are various risks.D．There are few cars on the road.正确答案：B解析：女士说：我们离沙漠还有多远?男士说：大约300英里。

2016年度考研英语一真题与答案解析2016考研英语(一)真题及参考答案2015年12月28日Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) In Cambodia the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, 1 those of the young women, but also a matchmaker. A young man can 2 a likely spouse on his own and them ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations. or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. 5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists ,and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 . Newlyweds traditionally mo ve in with the wife’s parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can build a flew house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 , but not common .Divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval. Each spouse retains 16 property he or she 17 into the marriage, and jointly –acquired property is 18 equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 19 up .The divorced male doesn’t have a waiti ng period before he can remarry 20 the woman must wait the months.1. [A] by way of [B] as well as [C] on behalf of [D] with regard to2. [A] adapt to [B] provide for [C]compete with [D] decide on3. [A] close [B] renew [C]arrange [D] postpone4. [A] In theory [B] Above all [C] In time [D] For example5. [A] Although [B] Lest [C] After [D] Unless6. [A] into [B] within [C] from [D] through7. [A] sine [B] or [C] but [D] so8. [A] test [B]copy [C]recite [D] create9. [A] folding [B] piling [C] wrapping [D] tying10. [A] lighting [B] passing [C] hiding [D] serving11. [A] meeting [B] association [C] collection [D]union12. [A] grow [B] part [C] deal [D]live13. [A] whereas [B] until [C] for [D] if14. [A] obtain [B] follow [C] challenge [D]avoid15. [A] isolated [B] persuaded [C] viewed [D] exposed16. [A]wherever [B] however [C] whenever [D]whatever17. [A] changed [B] brought [C] shaped [D] pushed18. [A] divided [B] invested [C] donated [D] withdrawn19. [A]clears [B] warms [C] shows [D] breaks20. [A]while [B] so what [C]once [D] in thatSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness”by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starring themselves to health –as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape –measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman (and many men )that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty .And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques .The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mess could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age, health, and other characteristics of models .The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical charter clearly states, we are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people. The charter’s main toll of enforcement is todeny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen. Fashion week, which is men by the Danish Fashion Institute .But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A] Physical beauty would be redefined[B] New runways would be constructed[C] Websites about dieting would thrive[D] The fashion industry would decline22. The phrase “impinging on”(Line2 Para2) is closest in meaning to[A] heightening the value of[B] indicating the state of[C] losing faith in[D] doing harm to23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry[A] The French measures have already failed[B] New standards are being set in Denmark[C] Models are no longer under peer pressure[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A] setting perfect physical conditions[B] caring too much about models’ character[C] showing little concern for health factors[D] pursuing a high age threshold for models25. Which of the following maybe the best title of the text?[A] A challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals[B] A Dilemma for the starving models in France[C] Just Another Round of struggle for beauty[D] The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in the history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside”alongside the royal family. Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what make them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever”. It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air”. Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it .It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation,even authorizing “off–plan” building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent only u sensing its chance, has sides with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its campaign to protect Rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses factories and offices is where people are in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyed recently identified enough sites for half of million houses in the Landon area alone with no intrusion on green belts. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces. The idea that “housing crisis”equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned, not let trip, After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowed country. Half a century of town and country planning has enable it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative-the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside[A] is not well reflected in politics[B] is fully backed by the royal family[C] didn’t start fill the Shakespearean age[D] has brought much benefit to the NHS27. According to paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now being[A] largely overshadowed[B] properly protected[C] effectively reinforced[D] gradually destroyed28. Which of the following can be offered from paragraph 3[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development[B] The Conservatives may abandon “off-plan” building[C] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation[D] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence29. The author holds that George Osbornes’s preference[A] shows his disregard for the character of rural area[B] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis[C] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure[D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30. In the last paragraph the author show his appreciation of[A] the size of population in Britain[B] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain[C] the town-and-country planning in Britain[D] the political life in today’s BritainText 3“There is one and only one social responsibility of business” wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.”But even if you accept Friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders’s money, things may not be absolutely clear-act. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal”that a company’s products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect may to donate to the good causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse “halo effect”whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under American’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act（FCPA）.It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations，they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study found that，among prosecuted firms，those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firm’s political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR. “We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about20% result in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials.” says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question at howmuch businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win thema less costly punishment.31. The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with[A] uncertainty[B] skepticism[C] approval[D] tolerance32. According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by[A] guarding it against malpractices[B] protecting it from consumers[C] winning trust from consumers.[D] raising the quality of its products33. The expression “more lenient”(line 2,Para.4)is closest in meaning to[A] less controversial[B] more lasting[C] more effective[D] less severe34. When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company’s CSR record[A] comes across as reliable evidence[B] has an impact on their decision[C] increases the chance of being penalized[D] constitutes part of the investigation35. Which of the following is true of CSR according to the last paragraph?[A] The necessary amount of companies spending on it is unknown[B] Companies’ financial capacity for it has been overestimated[C] Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked[D] It has brought much benefit to the banking industryText 4There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. “Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper―printing presses, delivery trucks ―isn’t just expensive; it’s excessive at a time when online-only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time getting out of the print business,but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,” he said, “but if you discontinue it, you’re going have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming. “It was seen as blunder,” he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge at the Times? “I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,”he said “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes, and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. “So if you’re overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping,”Peretti said. “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.”In other words, if you’re going to make a print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year ― more than twice as much as a digital ― only subscription.“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,”Peretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it’s better to be more aggressive that less aggressive.”36. The New York Times is considering ending it’s print edition partly due to[A] the increasing online and sales[B] the pressure from its investors[C] the complaints from its readers[D] the high cost of operation37. Peretti suggests that in face of the present situation, The Times should[A] make strategic adjustments[B] end the print sedition for good[C] seek new sources of leadership[D] aim for efficient management38. It can be inferred from paragraphs 5and 6 that a “ legacy product”[A] helps restore the glory of former times[B] is meant for the most loyal customers[C] will have the cost of printing reduced[D] expands the popularity of the paper39. Peretti believes that in a changing world[A] traditional luxuries can stay unaffected[B] cautiousness facilitates problem-solving[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges[D] legacy businesses are becoming out dated40. Which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A] shift to online newspapers all at once[B] Cherish the Newspapers still in Your Hand[C] keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion[D] Make Your print Newspapers a luxury GoodPart BDirections: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numberedparagraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark youranswers on the ANSER SHEET. (10 point)[A] Create a new image of yourself[B] Decide if the time is right[C] Have confidence in yourself[D] Understand the context[E] Work with professionals[F] Make it efficient[G] Know your goalsNo matter how formal or informal the work environment, the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in the first impressions. According to research from Princeton University , people assess your competence, trustworthiness, and likeability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.The difference between today’s workplace and the “dress for success”era is that the range of options is so much broader. Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in other not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one than enhances our goals? Here are some tips:41As an executive coach, I’ve seen image upgrades be particular helpful during transitions-when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you’re not sure, ask for honest feedback from trusted friends, colleagues and professionals. Look for cues about how others perceive you. Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK42Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to beperceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more “SoHo.” (It’s OK to use characterizations like that )43Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What conveys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.44Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J. Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.45The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue. Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes at once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.Part CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on theANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Mental health is our birthright. (46) we don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy, it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone. Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the value of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us. (47) Our mental health doesn’t go anywhere, like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem –confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives-the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. It’s a form of innate or unlearned optimism. (48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness if they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful, managing our home life, or coming up with a creative businessidea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves. And toward others as well as patience while driving, catching a fish, working on our car, or raising a child. It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature, in culture, in the flow of our daily lives.(49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfecting ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions. It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe. Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common sense, or the inner voice, we think of it simply as a health and helpful flow of intelligent thought. (50) As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.Section III WritingPart A51. Directions: Suppose you are a librarian in your university. Write a notice ofabout 100 words. Providing the newly-enrolled internationalstudents with relevant information about the library.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the notice. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following pictures Inyour essay, you should1) describe the pictures briefly2) interpret the meaning , and3) give your commentsYou should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)【参考答案】：Section I1-5 BDCAC 6-10 ACCDB 11-15 DDBAC 16-20 DBACASection IIPart A21-25. ADBCA 26-30. ADCDD 31-35. ACDBA 36-40. DABCDPart B41-45. BGDEFPart C46. 我们不必一定去学习如何做到心理健康，这种能力植根于我们自身，就像我们的身体知道如何愈合伤口，如何修复断骨。

2016考研英语(一)真题及参考答案2015年12月28日Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) In Cambodia the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, 1 those of the young women, but also a matchmaker. A young man can 2 a likely spouse on his own and them ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations. or the young man’s pa rents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. 5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists ,and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 . Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can build a flew house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 , but not common .Divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval. Each spouse retains 16 property he or she 17 into the marriage, and jointly –acquired property is 18 equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 19 up .The divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry 20 the woman must wait the months.1. [A] by way of [B] as well as [C] on behalf of [D] with regard to2. [A] adapt to [B] provide for [C]compete with [D] decide on3. [A] close [B] renew [C]arrange [D] postpone4. [A] In theory [B] Above all [C] In time [D] For example5. [A] Although [B] Lest [C] After [D] Unless6. [A] into [B] within [C] from [D] through7. [A] sine [B] or [C] but [D] so8. [A] test [B]copy [C]recite [D] create9. [A] folding [B] piling [C] wrapping [D] tying10. [A] lighting [B] passing [C] hiding [D] serving11. [A] meeting [B] association [C] collection [D]union12. [A] grow [B] part [C] deal [D]live13. [A] whereas [B] until [C] for [D] if14. [A] obtain [B] follow [C] challenge [D]avoid15. [A] isolated [B] persuaded [C] viewed [D] exposed16. [A]wherever [B] however [C] whenever [D]whatever17. [A] changed [B] brought [C] shaped [D] pushed18. [A] divided [B] invested [C] donated [D] withdrawn19. [A]clears [B] warms [C] shows [D] breaks20. [A]while [B] so what [C]once [D] in thatSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40points)Text 1France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness”by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starring themselves to health –as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape –measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman (and many men )that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty .And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques .The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mess could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age, health, and other characteristics of models .The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical charter clearly states, we are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people. The charter’s main toll of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen. Fashion week, which is men by the Danish Fashion Institute .But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A] Physical beauty would be redefined[B] New runways would be constructed[C] Websites about dieting would thrive[D] The fashion industry would decline22. The phrase “impinging on”(Line2 Para2) is closest in meaning to[A] heightening the value of[B] indicating the state of[C] losing faith in[D] doing harm to23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry[A] The French measures have already failed[B] New standards are being set in Denmark[C] Models are no longer under peer pressure[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A] setting perfect physical conditions[B] caring too much about models’ character[C] showing little concern for health factors[D] pursuing a high age threshold for models25. Which of the following maybe the best title of the text?[A] A challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals[B] A Dilemma for the starving models in France[C] Just Another Round of struggle for beauty[D] The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in the history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside”alongside the royal family. Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what make them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever”. It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air”. Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it .It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation,even authorizing “off–plan”building where local people might object. Theconcept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent only u sensing its chance, has sides with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its campaign to protect Rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses factories and offices is where people are in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyed recently identified enough sites for half of million houses in the Landon area alone with no intrusion on green belts. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces. The idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned, not let trip, After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowed country. Half a century of town and country planning has enable it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative-the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside[A] is not well reflected in politics[B] is fully backed by the royal family[C] didn’t start fill the Shakespearean age[D] has brought much benefit to the NHS27. According to paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now being[A] largely overshadowed[B] properly protected[C] effectively reinforced[D] gradually destroyed28. Which of the following can be offered from paragraph 3[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development[B] The Conservatives may abandon “off-plan” building[C] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation[D] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence29. The author holds that George Osbornes’s preference[A] shows his disregard for the character of rural area[B] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis[C] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure[D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30. In the last paragraph the author show his appreciation of[A] the size of population in Britain[B] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain[C] the town-and-country planning in Britain[D] the political life in today’s BritainText 3“There is one and only one social responsibility of business”wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.”But even if you accept Friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders’s money, things may not be absolutely clear-act. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal”that a company’s products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect may to donate to the good causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse “halo effect” whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under American’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act （FCPA）.It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations，they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study found that，among prosecuted firms，those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firm’s political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR. “We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about20% result in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials.”says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question at how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.31. The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with[A] uncertainty[B] skepticism[C] approval[D] tolerance32. According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by[A] guarding it against malpractices[B] protecting it from consumers[C] winning trust from consumers.[D] raising the quality of its products33. The expression “more lenient”(line 2,Para.4)is closest in meaning to[A] less controversial[B] more lasting[C] more effective[D] less severe34. When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company’s CSR record[A] comes across as reliable evidence[B] has an impact on their decision[C] increases the chance of being penalized[D] constitutes part of the investigation35. Which of the following is true of CSR according to the last paragraph?[A] The necessary amount of companies spending on it is unknown[B] Companies’ financial capacity for it has been overestimated[C] Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked[D] It has brought much benefit to the banking industryText 4There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. “Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper―printing presses, delivery trucks ― isn’t just expensive; it’s excessive at a time when online-only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,”he said, “but if you discontinue it, you’re going have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming. “It was seen as blunder,” he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge at the Times? “I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,”he said “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes,and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. “So if you’re overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping,”Peretti said. “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.”In other words, if you’re going to make a print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year ― more than twice as much as a digital ― only subscription.“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,”Peretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it’s better to be more aggressive that less aggressive.”36. The New York Times is considering ending it’s print edition partly due to[A] the increasing online and sales[B] the pressure from its investors[C] the complaints from its readers[D] the high cost of operation37. Peretti suggests that in face of the present situation, The Times should[A] make strategic adjustments[B] end the print sedition for good[C] seek new sources of leadership[D] aim for efficient management38. It can be inferred from paragraphs 5and 6 that a “ legacy product”[A] helps restore the glory of former times[B] is meant for the most loyal customers[C] will have the cost of printing reduced[D] expands the popularity of the paper39. Peretti believes that in a changing world[A] traditional luxuries can stay unaffected[B] cautiousness facilitates problem-solving[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges[D] legacy businesses are becoming out dated40. Which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A] shift to online newspapers all at once[B] Cherish the Newspapers still in Your Hand[C] keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion[D] Make Your print Newspapers a luxury GoodPart BDirections: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numberedparagraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark youranswers on the ANSER SHEET. (10 point)[A] Create a new image of yourself[B] Decide if the time is right[C] Have confidence in yourself[D] Understand the context[E] Work with professionals[F] Make it efficient[G] Know your goalsNo matter how formal or informal the work environment, the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in the first impressions. According to research from Princeton University , people assess your competence, trustworthiness, and likeability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.The difference between today’s workplace and the “dress for success”era is that the range of options is so much broader. Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in other not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one than enhances our goals? Here are some tips:41As an executive coach, I’ve seen image upgrades be particular helpful during transitions-when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you’re not sure, ask for honest feedback from trusted friends, colleagues and professionals. Look for cues about how others perceive you. Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK42Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more “SoHo.” (It’s OK to use characterizations like that )43Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What conveys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.44Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J. Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.45The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue. Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes at once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.Part CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on theANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Mental health is our birthright. (46) we don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy, it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone. Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the value of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us. (47) Our mental health doesn’t go anywhere, like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem –confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives-the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. It’s a form of innate or unlearned optimism. (48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness if they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful, managing our home life, or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves. And toward others as well as patience while driving, catching a fish, working on our car, or raising a child. It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature, in culture, in the flow of our daily lives.(49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfecting ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions. It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe. Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common sense, or the inner voice, we think of it simply as a health and helpful flow of intelligent thought. (50) As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.Section III WritingPart A51. Directions: Suppose you are a librarian in your university. Write a notice of about100 words. Providing the newly-enrolled international students withrelevant information about the library.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the notice. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following pictures Inyour essay, you should1) describe the pictures briefly2) interpret the meaning , and3) give your commentsYou should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)【参考答案】：Section I1-5 BDCAC 6-10 ACCDB 11-15 DDBAC 16-20 DBACASection IIPart A21-25. ADBCA 26-30. ADCDD 31-35. ACDBA 36-40. DABCDPart B41-45. BGDEFPart C46. 我们不必一定去学习如何做到心理健康，这种能力植根于我们自身，就像我们的身体知道如何愈合伤口，如何修复断骨。

2016年11月英语三级笔译真题及答案大师兄翻硕版2016年5月和11月CATTI英语二三级笔译真题及大师兄版参考译文答案及历年CATTI英语二三级笔译真题及答案由大师兄翻硕整理。

2016年11月英语三级笔译真题汉译英节为“保利集团”简介。

此份真题难度不大，与2015年及2014年的同类真题难度接近，详见配套解析讲义。

2016年11月英语二级笔译真题及2017年版历年CATTI英语二级笔译和三级笔译陆续上传。

2016年11月全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语三级《笔译实务》试卷Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points) Translate the following passage into Chinese.Harper Lee was an ordinary womanas stunned as anybody by the extraordinary success of “To Kill a Mockingbird.”“It was like being hit over thehead and kn ocked cold,” Lee — who died Friday at age89，saidduring a 1964 interview. “I didn’t expect the book to sell in the first place.I was hoping for a quick and merciful death at the hands of reviewers but atthe same time I sort of hoped that maybe someone would like it enough to giveme encouragement.”“To Kill a Mockingbird” may notbe the Great American Novel. But it’s likely the most universally known work offiction by an American author over the past 70 years. Lee was cited for hersubtle, graceful style and gift for explaining the world through a child’s eye,but the secret to the novel’s ongoing appeal was also in how many books thissingle book contained.“To Kill a Mockingbird” was a coming-of-age story, acourtroom thriller, a Southern novel, a period piece, a drama about class, and— of course — a drama of race.”All I want to be is the JaneAusten of South Alabama,” she once observed. The story of Lee is essentiallythe story of her book, and how she responded to it. She was a warm, vibrant andwitty woman who played golf, fished, ate at McDonald’s, fed ducks by tossingseed corn out of a Cool Whip tub, read voraciously, and got about to plays andconcerts. She just didn’t want to talk about it before an audience.“To Kill a Mockingbird” was aninstant and ongoing hit, published in 1960, as the civil rights movement wasaccelerating. It’s the story of a girl nicknamed Scout growing up in aDepression-era Southern town. A black man has been wrongly accused of raping awhite woman, and Scout’s fathe r, the resolute lawyer, defends him despitethreats and the scorn of many.Praised by The New Yorker as “skilled,unpretentious, and totally ingenious,” the bookwon the Pulitzer Prize and wasmade into a memorable movie in 1962.“Mockingbird” inspired ageneration of young lawyers and social workers, was assigned in high schoolsall over the country and was a popular choice for citywide, or nationwide,reading programs, although it was also occasionally removed from shelves forits racial content and references to rape.By 2015, sales topped 40 millioncopies.When the Library of Congress dida survey in 1991 on books that have affected people’s lives, “To Kill aMockingbird” was second only to the Bible.Lee herself became more elusive tothe public as her book became more famous. At first, she dutifully promoted herwork. She spoke frequently to the press, wrote about herself and gave speeches,once to a class of cadets at West Point.But she began declining interviews inthe mid-1960s and, until late in her life, firmly avoided making any publiccomment about her novel or her career.Her novel, while hugely popular,was not ranked by many scholars in the same category as the work of otherSouthern authors Decades after its publication, little was written about it inscholarly journals. Some critics have called the book naive and sentimental,whether dismissing the Ku Klux Klan as a minor nuisance in Maycomb oradvocating change through personal persuasion rather than collective action.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points) Translate the following passage into English.本公司是中国保利集团控股的大型国有房地产上市公司，国家一级房地产开发资质企业，连续五年荣膺中国房地产行业领导公司品牌。

Unit 1Page741、我是北京大学外国语学院副教授。

近日从网上得知，“第五届国际跨文化交流研讨会”将于2016 年3 月在牛津大学举办。

我对参加这次会议非常感兴趣，因为我已从事这方面研究多年。

I’m an associate professor in the School of Foreign Languages of Beijing University. Recently, I've learned online that the 5th International Inter-cultural Communication Seminar will be held in March 2016 in Oxford University. I’m very much interested in attending this event because I have been studying in this field for many years.4. 我已接到论文被采用的通知和出席会议的正式邀请，并已于2月20日在网上正式注册参加会议，但至今尚未得到任何会议资料。

烦请告知组委会联系人及email地址，以便我们联系与会的具体事宜。

I have received the acknowledgment of my paper’s acceptance and the official invitation to the conference, and registered online on February 20th. However, I have not received any conference material. Please let me know the Organizing Committee's contact and email address so that we can obtain information related to this conference.5. 感谢您对此事的关照。

2016年西南大学翻译硕士(MTI)考研真题篇一：2016年西南大学翻译硕士考研真题(回忆版)凯程考研辅导班，中国最权威的考研辅导机构2016年西南大学翻译硕士考研真题（回忆版）真题是考研复习中含金量最高的辅导材料，真题的利用对于提高复习效率具有至关重要的作用。

一般来说，时间和精力有限，建议考生重点做近十年的真题。

凯程整理各高校历年考研真题，希望能帮大家更好的复习!2016年西南大学翻译硕士考研真题（回忆版）翻译英语:一、选择题。

二、2个很简单的阅读题。

三、两个paraphrase。

四、还有一段挺难的翻译(应该是小说的节选)。

五、英语作文do you agree travels help the understanding and communication between countries.翻译基础:一、考了ISO, ASEAN,AFTA, AIIB, SCO,cppcc, 中国人民抗日战争，中央商务区，生产者物价指数，百年目标，战国时期，西游记，暂时只记得这些了。

有10个以上都是今年的热词。

二、一篇英译汉是关于恐怖袭击，汉译英是关于提高英语教学质量的文件。

百科：一、10个问答题(一分一个): 无中生有是三十一计中的哪一计，被称为"命运交响曲"的是贝多芬哪部乐曲，蒲公英是靠什么传播的，梁山伯与祝英台是什么戏剧，文艺复兴指的是对什么的复兴，曲径通幽处的下一句是什么，诺贝尔基金的组织在哪个国家，中国国家大剧院最后采用了哪国设计师的设计，大概就记得这些二、10个判断题(2分1个)1.百年孤独是批判现实主义小说 2用碘盐腌菜不会影响味道3.电话是爱迪生发明的4.屠呦呦是中国第一个获得诺贝尔奖的5.互联网+指的是互联网+所有传统产业6.中国与西方列强签订的第一个条约是南京条约7.哥特式建筑的代表是巴黎圣母院。

三、20个选择题，不是很偏，我的经验就是多看看其他学校的百科题，很有用四、公用文和大作文，公用文考写辞职信，大作文是有人反驳上帝存在论时，提出了这么一个问题“上帝能不能创造一块连他自己都拿不起来的石头”这句话本身存在谬误，请详细分析其中的谬误，也可以站在无神论的角度进行分析，围绕该材料，写一篇1000字的论说文第 1 页共 1 页篇二：2015年西南财经大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题2015年西南财经大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题1、英语综合（100分）：选择题20个（20分）：达不到专四难度，词汇也很easy，较难的及时defy，transcend。

2016年中山大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷(总分：112.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：60.00)1.Is this the museum ______the exhibition was held last month?（分数：2.00）A.where √B.thatC.on whichD.which解析：解析：本题考查定语从句。

题干中主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，可用副词where，又因in the museum词组，可用“介词in＋which”引导地点状语。

[C]项中的介词on用的不对，所以选[A]项，转变成肯定句为：This is the museum where the exhibition was held last month．2.After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced ______tractors this year as the year before.（分数：2.00）A.as twice manyB.as many twiceC.twice as many √D.twice many as解析：解析：本题考查倍数表达法。

根据选项可知，本题采用的是“…times＋as＋形容词／副词的原级＋as…”结构，tractors是可数名词，用形容词many修饰。

句意为：引进新技术后，工厂今年生产的拖拉机数量是前一年的两倍，故选[C]项。

3.The International Law of the Sea Conference is an attempt ______major difference among countries with conflicting interests.（分数：2.00）A.resolvingB.to resolve √C.having resolvedD.to have resolved解析：解析：本题考查非谓语动词。

南京师范大学研究生《研究生英语读与译》期末试卷（2016.1）专硕试卷没有的题目是红色字体标注部分！Part I Translate the following sentences into Chinese with the designated translating methods.1. This essay is a proof of his capability of using the "right" word at the right place. （词性转换法）这篇文章说明他能够把词用得很得体。

2.It is fitting that we are meeting in Thailand, which has had such remarkable success in curbing the spread of HIV/AIDS. （增词法）我们把这次会议安排在泰国举行是适当的，这个国家在遏制艾滋病病毒和艾滋病的传播方面取得了显著成就。

3.This is the rule of sports ----- thousands of losers to set off one victor who in turn will eventually be replaced by someoneon the honour list. （句序重组法）成千上万个失败者才涌现一个胜利者，这个胜利者最终仍将被取代，挤出光荣榜——这就是竞技运动的规律。

4. By the end of the war 800 people had been saved by the organization, but at a cost of over 200 Belgian and French lives. （主/被动语态转换法）大战终了时，这个组织拯救了八百人，但那是以二百多比利时人和法国人的生命为代价的。

2016年上半年笔译三级实务真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. English-Chinese Translation 2. Chinese-English TranslationPART 1 English-Chinese Translation (60 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this part is 120 minutes.1．Old people in Thiengoly say they can remember when there were so many trees that you couldn’t see the sky. Now, miles of reddish-brown sand surround this village in northwestern Senegal, dotted with occasional bushes and trees. Dried animal dung is scattered everywhere, but hardly any dried grass is. Overgrazing and climate change are the major causes of the Sahara’s advance, said Gilles Boetsch, an anthropologist who directs a team of French scientists working with Senegalese researchers in the region. “The local Peul people are herders, often nomadic. But the pressure of the herds on the land has become too great,”Mr. Boetsch said in an interview. “The vegetation can’t regenerate itself.”Since 2008, however, Senegal has been fighting back against the encroaching desert. Each year it planted some 2 million seedling trees along a 545-kilometer, or 340-mile, ribbon of land that is the country’s segment of a major pan-African regeneration project, the Great Green Wall. First proposed in 2005, the program links Senegal and 10 other Saharan states in an alliance to plant a 15-kilometer-wide, 7,100-kilometer-long green belt to fend off the desert. While many countries have yet to start on their section of the barrier, Senegal has taken the lead, with the creation of a national agency for the Great Green Wall. “This semi-arid region is becoming less and less habitable. We want to make it possible for people to continue to live here,” Colonel Pap Sarr, the agency’s technical director, said in an interview. Colonel Sarr has forged working alliances between Senegalese researchers and the French team headed by Mr. Boetsch, in fields as varied as soil microbiology, ecology, medicine and anthropology. “In Senegal we hope to experiment with different ways of doing things that will benefit the other countries as they become more active,” the colonel said. Each year since 2008, from May to June, about 400 people are employed in eight nurseries, choosing and germinating seeds and tending the seedlings until they are ready for planting. In August, 1,000 people are mobilized to plant out rows of seedlings, about 2 million plants, allowing them a full two months of the rainy season to take root before the long, dry season sets in. After their first dry season, the saplings look dead, brown twigs sticking out of holes in the ground, but 80 percent survive. Six years on, trees planted in 2008 are up to 3 meters, or 10 feet, tall. So far, 30,000 hectares, or about 75,000 acres, have been planted, including 4,000 hectares this summer. There are already discernible impacts on the microclimate, said Jean-Luc Peiry, a physical geography professor at the Universite Pascal in Clermont-Ferrand, France, who has placed 30 sensors to record temperatures around some tree seedlings. “Preliminary results show that clumps of four to eight small trees can have an important impact on temperature,”Professor Peiry said in an interview. “The transpiration of the treescreates a microclimate that moderates daily temperature extremes.”“The trees also have an important role in slowing the soil erosion caused by the wind, reducing the dust, and acting like a large doormat, halting the sand-laden winds from the Sahara,”he added. Wildlife is responding to the changes. “Migratory birds are reappearing,”Mr. Boetsch said. The project uses eight groundwater pumping stations built in 1954, before Senegal achieved its independence from France in 1960. The pumps fill giant basins that provide water for animals, tree nurseries and gardens where fruits and vegetables are grown.正确答案：希格利村(Thiengoly)的老人们对当年这里树木遮天蔽目的景象记忆犹新。