I. Multiple Choices: (30%)
Directions: In this section, you are given 20 questions, beneath each of which are four choices marked A, B,C and D. You are to make the best choice either to complete the incomplete statement or to answer the question. One point five points is given to each correct choice.
1. According to the records available, human beings have been involved in the study of language for ___________ years.
A. 1,000
B. 1,500
C. 2,000
D. 2,500
2. By the mid-_________ the upheaval（剧变/动荡） in linguistics and psycholinguistics created by Chomsky’s transformational-generative grammar had begun to affect language pedagogy（教学法）.
A. 1940s
B. 1950s
C. 1960s
D. 1970s
3. The Natural Approach（自然教学法）believes that the teaching of
_________（口语教学） should be delayed until comprehension skills are established.
A. listening
B. speaking
C. reading
D. writing
4. The generative-transformational school of linguistics emerged through the influence of __________ .
A. Noam Chomsky
B. J. Piaget
C. D. Ausubel D. J.B. Bruner
5. In foreign language teaching, the target language was interpreted （理解）as a system of rules to be observed in texts and sentences, and to be related to the first language __________ and meaning.
A. words
B. rules
C. sentences
D. context
6. In the 19th century, the strategy in language teaching usually adopted by foreign language teachers was the _______ of grammar rules with translation.
A. introduction
B. interpretation
C. comprehension
D. combination
7. In the Direct Method, teachers encourage learners to _______ rules of grammar through active use of the target language in the classroom.
A. apply
B. analyze
C. induce
D. paraphrase
8. _________can be introduced as a means of consolidation and evaluation in the Direct Method.
A. Reading
B. Listening
C. Speaking
D. Writing
9. The psychological theory underlying the Grammar-Translation Method was _________ Psychology.
A. Developmental
B. Child
C. Faculty
D. Adult
10. In the opinion of Palmer and some other linguists of his time,
_________ played one of the most important roles in foreign language learning.
A. grammar
B. phonetics
C. vocabulary
D. rhetoric
11. _________ is NOT one of the systematic principles the Oral Approach involves?
A. Selection
B. Translation
C. Gradation
D. Presentation
12. In which book did Skinner apply the theory of conditioning to the way humans acquire language?
A. Lado English Series
B. Toward a Theory of Instruction
C. Language Teaching Analysis
D. Verbal Behavior
13. According to the behaviorist, a _________ is formed when a correct response to a stimulus is consistently rewarded.
A. meaning
B. word
