在职硕士英语全国联考--词汇(Student)

able 有能力的again 再and 和artist 艺术家basis 基础about 关于against 靠、反对animal 动物angry 生气的basket 篮above 在…上面angel 天使another 另一、别的ashamed惭愧的basketball 篮球accident 事故、意外的事Asia 亚洲admire 羡慕、赞赏announce宣布ache 疼痛agree 同意answer 答案；回答ask问bathe 洗澡Asian 亚洲attract 吸引ant 蚂蚁airmail 航空邮件beg 请求achieve vt完成、达到agreeable 使人愉快的、适合的anxiety n 焦急asleep睡着的across 横越agriculture 农业anxious 担心的assist vi帮助beach 海滩act 行为、动作aim 目标；针对attack 攻击assistance 帮助become vi 变成active 活动的、积极的aircraft 飞机attend 参加assistant 助手bear 负担忍受actor 演员attain 达到、获得anything 任何事attendant 出席者beat 打actress 女演员anyhow 无论如何anyway 无论如何allow 允许beauty 美airport 飞机场advertisement(ad)- 广告admit 允许进入、承认attention注意because 因为address 地址alike 相似的apology 道歉anywhere 任何地方begin 开始allocate 分配alive 活着的appear vi 出现apologize vi 道歉baby 婴儿advance 推进、提高almost 几乎April 四月author 作者behalf 代表adventure 冒险alone独自的Arabian 阿拉伯人（的）average平均的behind在。

在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语考试大纲词汇词汇表Aa/anart. 一（个）；每一（个）；（同类事物中的）任何一个abandonvt. 放弃，抛弃，离弃abilityn. 能力，才能，才干ablea. 有能力；能干的aboardad. /prep. 在船/车/飞行器上；上船/车/飞行器abortionn. 流产，夭折aboutprep. 关于，对于；在…周围，在…附近ad. 在周围，附近；大约，差不多aboveprep. 在…之上，超过a. 上面的，上述的ad. 在上面，以上abroadad. 国外，海外；传开absencen. 缺席；缺乏absenta. 漫不经心absolutea. 绝对的，完全的absorbvt. 吸收；吸引，使专心abusen. 滥用，虐待；辱骂；陋习，弊端vt. 滥用，虐待；辱骂academica. 学院的；学术的acceptvt. 同意，认可；接受，领受acceptablea. 可接受的；合意的acceptancen. 接受，接纳，承认accessn. 通路；访问vt. 访问；存取accidentn. 事故；意外的事，偶然的事accompanyv. 陪伴，伴随，伴奏accomplishv. 完成，实现，达到according toprep. 按照，根据accountn. 账，账户；说明，叙述vi. (for) 解释accurteadj. 正确的，精确的accusevt. (of)遗责；指控，告发accustomeda. (to)惯常的，习惯的achen. /vi. 疼痛，酸痛achievevt. 完成，达到；获得achievementn. 完成，达到；成就，成绩acidn. 酸a. 酸的acquirevt. 取得，获得，学到acren. 英亩acrossad. /prep. 横越，横断prep. 在…对面actn. 行为，动作；（一）幕；法令，条例；v. 行动，举动；起作用，表演actionn. 行动；作用activea. 活动的，活跃的；积极的，主动的activistn. 积极分子，活动分子activityn. 活动，活跃；行动actorn. 男演员actressn. 女演员actuala. 实际的，事实上的actuallyad . 事实上ad = advertisementadaptvt. (to )使适应；改编addvt. 加，加上；增加，增进；进一步说/写vi. (to)增添additionn. 加，加法；附加部分，增加(物)addressn．地址，通讯处vt．／n．致词，讲话vt．致函；写地址adequated．足够的，充分的adjustv．调整，调节；校准vi (to)适应于administrationn．管理；行政，行政机关，政府admire vt. 羡慕，赞赏，钦佩admitvt. 允许进入；接纳；承认adoptvt．收养；采用，采纳；通过adultn．成人a．成年的，成熟的advancevt. 推进，促进；提升，提高 vi．前进，进展n．前进，进展；预付advanceda．先进的，高级的advantagen．优点，有利条件；利益，好处adventuren．冒险，惊险活动；奇遇advertise／-izevt．做广告advertisementn．广告advicen．忠告，意见advisablea．明智的，可取的advisevy. 忠告，劝告；建议aeroplane = airplaneaerospaceadj. 航天的，太空的；宇宙空间的，宇宙航行的n． (大气圈及其以外的)宇宙空间affairn．事，事情，事件affectvt. 影响，作用；感动；(疾病)侵袭affectionn．爱，感情；作用，影响affordvt．提供，给予；供应得起afraida．怕的，害怕的；惊恐的，担心的African．非洲Africana．非洲(人)的n．非洲人afterprep．／conj. 在…之后ad．以后，后来afternoonn．下午，午后againad．再，再次；又，重新againstprep．对(着)，逆；反对，违反；靠，靠近；和…对比agen．年龄；时代vi．变老agencyn．代理(处)，代办(处) agendan．议事日程，记事册agentn．代理人，经办人agoad．以前，…—前agreevi. (with…on)同意，赞同；(t o)一致，适合；商定，约定agreementn．同意，一致；协议，协定，契约agriculturen．农业aheadad．前头，在前，向前aidvi 援助，救援n．援助，救护；助手，辅助物aimvt 瞄准，把…对准vi． (at)志在，旨在；瞄准，针对n．目标，目的airn．空气，大气；天空v．晾干；使通气aircraftn．飞机，飞行器airlinen．航空公司；(飞机的)航线airplanen．飞机airportn．机场alarmn．惊恐；警报；警报器vt．惊动，惊吓；向…报警alcoholn．酒精，乙醇alikea．相同的，相似的alivea．活着的；活跃的，活泼的alla．全部的，所有的；非常的，极度的pron．全部，一切ad．完全地，很allowvt．允许，准许；给予vi (for)考虑到allowancen．津贴；零用钱almostad．几乎，差不多aloned．／ad．独自，单独ad．仅仅，只alongprep．沿着ad．向前aloudad．大声地，响亮地alphabetn．字母表alreadyad．已，已经alsoad．也，同样；而且，还altervt 改变，变更althoughconj．虽然，即使altogetherad．完全，总之，全部alumin(i)umn．铝alwaysad．总是，永远amazev．使惊愕，使惊叹amazinga．令人惊讶的，令人吃惊的ambitionn．雄心；野心ambitiousn．有雄心的，有抱负的ambulancen．救护车american．美洲；美国americand．美洲(人)的，美国(人)的 n．美洲人；美国人among(st)prep. 在…之中，在…之间amountn．数量，数额，总数vt. (20)合计，相当于，等同amusevt．逗乐，使开心；给…提供娱乐analysisn．分析，解析analyze／-ysev．分析，解析ancestorn．祖宗，祖先anchorn．锚v．抛锚，停泊ancienta．古代的，古老的andconj．和，与，及；那么，则angeln．天使angern．气愤，愤怒vt：使发怒，激怒anglen．角，角度；角度，观点‘angrya．愤怒的，生气的animaln．动物，野兽，牲畜a．动物的，野兽的anklen．踝，踝关节announcev．宣布，通告annoyvt 使烦恼，使生气，打搅annuala．每年的，年度的n．年刊，年鉴anothera．另一，再一；别的prop．另一个answern．回答，答复；答案v．回答，答复antarctica．南极(区)的n． (the A-)南极洲，南极圈antennan．天线anxietyn．挂念，焦虑，担心；渴望，热望anxiousa．担心的，焦虑的；渴望的anya．任何的，任一的；[否定，疑问，条件句中]什么，一些pron．无论那个，无论那些，任anybodypron，[否定，疑问，条件句中]任何人;[肯定句中]随便哪一个人anyhowad．无论如何，不管怎样；不管以什么方法；总之anyone = anybodyanythingpron．[否定，疑问，条件句中]任何事(物)；无论什么事(物) anyway = anyhowanywheread．无论哪里；[否定，疑问，条件句中]任何地方apartad．分离，隔开；相距，相隔apologyn．道歉，歉意apparatusn．器械，装置；仪器apparenta．明显的；表面的appealvi． (‘o)请求，呼吁；吸引；上诉；求助、n．呼吁；吸引力；上诉appearvi．出现，出场，问世；好像是appearance n．出现，出场，露面；外表，外观appetiten．食欲，胃口；欲望applen．苹果appliancen．用具，设备；器械；装置applicantn．申请者applicationn．申请，申请书；运用，应用applyvi (for)申请；vt (to)运用，应用appointvt．任命，委派；约定appointmentn．约会，约见；任命，委派appreciatevt．感激，感谢；评价，欣赏，赏识approachv．接近，走进vt．处理，对待n．走进；方法，探讨；观点appropriatea，适当的，恰当的approvaln．同意，赞同；批准approvev． (of)赞成，赞许，同意；批准，审议，通过approximatea．大致的，近似的Apriln．四月Arabn．阿拉伯人a. 阿拉伯的arabiana. 阿拉伯人的；阿拉伯的archaeologyn．考古学architecturen．建筑；建筑学arctica．北极的n． (theA—)北极arean．面积；地区；范围，领域arguevi. 辩论，争论vt．辩论，论证；说服argumentn. 争论，辩论；论点，依据arisevt 出现，发生；(from)由…引起，由…产生arithmeticn. 算术armn．手臂，臂状物；(p1．)武器vt．武装，装备armyn．军队，军；大群，大批aroundad．周围，在附近；到处；大约prep．在…周围，围着；在…各地arousevt. 唤起，激起arrangevt．整理，布置；安排，筹备arrangementn．安排，准备工作；整理，布置arrestvt. n．逮捕，扣留arrivaln．到来，到达；到达物arrive vi．到来，到达；(at)达成，得出arrown．箭，箭状物artn．艺术，美术；技术，技艺；(pl．)文科articlen．文章；物件artificiala．人工的，人造的；人为的，做作的artistn．艺术家，美术家artistic(al)d．艺术(家)的，美术(家)的asconj．当／在…时候；如…一样；由于，因为prep．作为，当作ashn．灰，灰烬ashameda．惭愧的，害臊的asian．亚洲asiana．亚洲(人)的n．亚洲人．asidead．在旁边；到／向一边askv．问，询问；要求，请求；邀请，约请asleepa．睡着的aspectn．样子，面貌；方面assemblevt．集合，集会；装配，组装 vi 集会，聚集assemblyn．集会，会议；装配，组装assessvt．估计，估算；评估，评价，评定assetn． (pl．)资产，财产；有用的资源，宝贵的人／物；优点，益处assignvt．派给，分配；选定，指定(时间，地点等)assignmentn． (分派的)任务， (指定的)作业；分配，指派assistvi．定帮助，援助assistanta．助手的，辅助的n．助手，助理；助教associatevt．联系；联合vi．交往n．合作人，同事associationn．协会，团体；交往；联合，合伙assumeof．假定，设想；假装；承担assurevt．使确信；向…保证astonishvt．使惊讶，使吃惊astronautn．宇航员，太空人astronomyn．天文学atprep．[表示地点，位置，场合]在，于;[表示时刻，时节，年龄]在，当； [表示目标，方向]对，向；[表示速度，价格等]以athleten．运动员，运动选手atlantica．大西洋的n． [the A-]大西洋atmospheren．空气；大气，大气层；气氛atomn．原子atomica．原子的，原子能的attachvt．贴上，系上，附上；使依附attackvt.／n．攻击，进攻，抨击；(病)发作attemptvt／n．试图，努力attendvt．出席；参加；照顾，护理 vi． (to)注意，留意；专心于attentionn．注意，注意力，留意attituden．态度，看法attorneyn．律师，(业务或法律事务上的)代理人attractv．吸引，招引，引诱attractionn．吸引，吸引力attractivea．有吸引力的；有魅力的，动人的attributevt． (to)把…归因于n．属性，特征auctionn．拍卖vt．拍卖audiencen．听众，观众audion．/d．声音(的)，听觉(的)；音频(的)，音响(的)Augustn．八月auntn．伯母，婶母，姑母，舅母，姨母Australian．澳洲；澳大利亚Australiana．澳洲的；澳大利亚的n．澳大利亚人authorn．作者authorityn．权利，权威；权威人士，(pl．)当局auto = automobileautomatica．自动的automobilen．汽车autumnn．秋，秋季auxiliarya．辅助的，备用的availabled．可利用的；可得到的avenue．n．林荫路，大街averagen．平均，平均数a．平均的；平常的，普通的avoidvt．避免，逃避awakea．醒着的；意识到的vt 唤醒，唤起vi．醒来，醒悟，觉悟awardn．奖，奖品vt．授予，奖给awarea．知道的，意识到的awayad．远离，离开awfula．糟糕的，极坏的awkwarda．粗笨的，笨拙的；尴尬的，棘手的ax(e)n．斧子axisn．轴Bbabyn．婴儿，孩子bachelorn．学士；单身汉backad．向后，后退，回复n．背，背面；后面a．后面的，背后的vt．使后退；支持backgroundn．背景；经历backward(s)a．向后的，相反的；落后的ad．向后地，倒，逆bacterian． (p1．)细菌bada．坏的，恶的；有害的，不利的；低劣的，拙劣的；腐败的，臭的；不舒服的，病的；严重的，厉害的bagn．袋，提包，背包baggagen．行李balancevt，使平衡n．平衡；差额，结余；天平，称balln．球，球状物；大型舞会balloonn．气球bananan．香蕉bandn．条，带；乐队，军乐队；一群，一伙；波段bankn．岸，堤；银行bankern．银行家bankrupta．破产的vt．使破产n．破产者barn．棍，横木，闩；酒吧barbern．理发师barea．赤裸的，光秃的，空的；极少的，仅有的bargainv．讨价还价n．便宜货；交易barkvi．吠；叫骂n．树皮；吠声barreln．枪管，炮管；桶barriern．栅栏；障碍，屏障basen．基(础)，底(座)；基地 vt． (on)把…建立在…基础上baseballn．棒球，棒球运动basica．基本的，基础的，根本的；主要的，首要的n．基础，基本basicallyad．基本地，根本地basinn．盆；盆地basis n．基础，基底；基准，根据basketn．篮子，篓basketballn．篮球(运动)bathn．洗澡，沐浴；浴缸，浴盆，浴池batteryn．电池(组)battlen．战斗，战役，斗争vi．战斗，战争，搏斗bayn．海湾bevi．是，就是，等于；在，存在aux.v. [与动词现在分词连用，构成各种进行时态][与及物动词的过去分词连用，构成被动语态][后接动词不定式，表示安排等]beachn．海滨，海滩beamn．一束；一道横梁vi．发光，发热beann．豆，菜豆bearn．熊vt．忍受，容忍；负荷，负担；生育；心怀(爱憎等感情)beardn．胡须beastn．兽，牲畜；凶残的人beatv．打败，战胜vt．/n．打，敲；战胜vi．跳动n．跳动；拍子，节拍beautifula．美的，美丽的beautyn．美，美丽；美人，美丽的东西becauseconj．因为becomevi．成为，变成bedn．床，床位；苗圃，花坛；河床，海底been．蜜蜂beefn．牛肉beern．啤酒beforeprep．/conj．在…之前prep．在…前面ad．从前，早些时候begv．乞讨；请求，恳求beggarn．乞丐，穷人beginv．开始，着手beginningn．开始，开端；起因behalfn．代表，利益behavev．举动，举止，表现behavio(U)rn．行为，举止behindprep．在…后面，落后于ad．在后，落后beingn．存在，生存；存在物，生物，人beliefn．相信；信仰，信条，信念believe vt．相信，认为vi．相信，信任，信奉belln．钟，铃belongvi． (to)属，附属；归类于belovedd．心爱的belowprep．在…下面，在…以下ad．在下，以下，向下beltn．带，腰带benchn．长凳，条凳；工作台；台，座bendn．弯曲，曲折处vt．折弯，使屈曲beneathprep．在…了方，在…之下ad．在下方beneficiala．有益的，有利的benefitn．利益，恩惠vt．有利于，受益于vi． (介Om)得益于benta．弯曲的besideprep．在…旁边；和…相比besidesad．而且，还有prep．除…之外besta．最好的ad．最，最好betvt．以…打赌，与…打赌vi．赌，打赌n．打赌；赌注，赌金bettera．较好的，更好的ad．更好vt．改良，改善betweenprep．在…中间，在…之间ad．当中，中间beyondprep．在…那边，在…以外；超出，超过ad．在那边，在远外biblen．圣经bicyclen．自行车bidvt 出价，投标n．出价，投标biga．大的，重要的bike = bicyclebilln．账单；票据；纸币；提案billionn． (美)十亿；(英)万亿bindvt．绑，包扎；束缚biologicala．生物学的biologyn．生物学birdn．鸟，禽birthn．出生；出身；起源birthdayn．生日biscuitn．饼干bitn．一片，一点，一些bitev．/n．咬，叮n．一口bitter a．苦味的；痛苦的；严寒的blacka．/n．黑，黑色；黑暗n．黑色；黑人blackboardn．黑板bladen．刀刃，刀片；叶片；翼blamevt．责备，怪，怨；(on)把…归咎于n． (过错，事故等的)责任；责怪，责备blankn．空白；空白表格a．空白的，空着的；茫然的，无表情的blanketn．毛毯，毯子blastvt．炸掉，摧毁n．爆炸，爆破；一阵(风) bleedvi．出血，流血blinda．盲的，瞎的；盲目的vt．使失明；蒙蔽blockvt．阻塞，封锁；n．街区，街段；大块(木料，石料，金属，冰等)；阻塞物，路障blood1．血，血液；血统，血亲bloomvi．/n．开花，繁荣n．花；开花期blowvi．吹，吹气，打气；爆炸，爆裂n．打，殴打，打击bluea．蓝色的；脸色发灰的；忧郁的n．蓝色boardn．板，木板，纸板；董事会，理事会vt．上船／车／飞机boastvi．(of／about)夸耀，说大话 vt．吹嘘；以拥有…而自豪n．自吹自擂boatn．船，小船bodyn．身体，躯体；主体；物体；尸体；(一)群，(一)批boilvi．沸腾vt．煮沸bolda．勇敢的；冒失的；醒目的；(线，字等)粗的boltn．螺栓，插销；霹雳vt．闩门，关窗，拴住bombn．炸弹vt．轰炸bondn．契约，公债，债券；联结，联系bonen．骨，骨骼bookn．书，书籍vt．定，预定boomv．／n．隆隆声；繁荣，兴隆起来bootn．靴子boothn．电话亭；货摊bordern．边缘；边界，边境vi．交界，与…毗邻；与…相似borevt．钻洞，打眼，钻探；使厌烦n．令人讨厌的人／物boringa．令人厌烦的n．钻孔borna．出生的；天生的，生来的borrowvt．借，借用bossn．老板，上司，头儿bothpron．二者，双方a．两，双bothervt．打扰，麻烦vi．担心，烦恼n．烦恼，焦急bottlen．瓶子bottomn．底，底部bounda．必定，注定；受约束的；开往boundaryn．界线，边界bown．弓，弓形bowvi．／n．鞠躬，点头bowln．碗，钵boxn．箱子，盒子vi．拳击；打耳光boxingn．拳击boyn．男孩，儿子brainn．大脑，脑髓；(pl．)心智，智力brakev．／n．刹车n．闸，制动器branchn．枝，树枝；分支，分科brandn．商标，(商品的)牌子bravea．勇敢的，英勇的breadn．面包breadthn．宽度breakvt．打破，打碎；损坏，破坏，违反；中止n． (课间或工间)休息时间vi．破，破裂breakfastn．早饭，早餐breastn．胸脯，乳房breathn．呼吸，气息breathev．吸入，呼吸breedvt．生殖，繁殖；生产，饲养 n．品种，种类breezen．微风，和风brickn．砖，砖状物briden．新娘bridgen．桥，桥梁；桥牌briefa．简短的，简洁的；短暂的vt．简单介绍bright a．明亮的，光明的；聪明的，伶俐的；快活的，美好的；(颜色)鲜艳的brillianta．辉煌的，灿烂的；杰出的，有才华的bringv．拿来，带来；产生，引起；使处于某种状态britisha． (大)不列颠(人)的；英国(人)的n．英国人broada．宽，广，广阔；宽宏，豁达broadcastn．／v．广播，播音bronzen．青铜[铜与锡合金]；铜像 adj．青铜色的brothern．兄弟，同胞brown．眉，眉毛browsev．／n．浏览browna．／n．棕色brushvt．刷n．刷，毛刷，画笔bubblen．泡，水泡，气泡vi．冒泡，起泡，沸腾bucketn．吊桶，水桶budgetn．预算vi．做预算，编入预算buildvt．修建，建造，建立buildingn．建筑物，大楼bulkn．体积，容积；大块，大批；大部分，主体bulletn．子弹，枪弹bunchn．一束，一串bundlen．捆，包，束burdenn．担子，重担，负担；义务，责任bureaun．司，局，处，部，所，署burnv．燃烧，烧毁v．／n．灼伤，烧伤burstvi．／n．破裂，爆炸vi． (into)突然发生，突然发作buryvt．埋，安葬busn．公共汽车bushn．灌木，灌木丛businessn．生意，业务；事务，职责；行业busya．忙，忙碌；热闹的，繁忙的；(电话)占线butconj．可是，但是，然而prep．除…之外ad．只，仅仅butchern．屠夫，卖肉者buttern．黄油，奶油butterflyn．蝴蝶buttonn．扣子；按钮 vt．亨口，亨口紧buyvt．买，购买byprep．在…旁，靠近；被，由；在…前，到…为止；经，沿，通过;[表示方法，手段]靠，用，通过；按照，根据ad．在旁，近旁，经过byeint．再见Ccabn．出租车cabbagen．卷心菜，甘蓝cabinn．小木屋；机舱，船舱cabinetn．橱柜；内阁cablen．缆，索；电缆；海底电报cagen．笼，鸟笼caken．饼，糕，蛋糕calciumn．钙calculatevt．计算，推算；估计，推测；计划，打算calculatorn．计算器calendarn．日历，月历callvt．叫做，称为；叫，招呼；打电话vi．拜访，访问;叫，招呼；打电话n．叫，招呼；号召；拜访，访问；打电话calma．平静，镇静，沉着n． (使)镇静，(使)镇定n．平静，风平浪静cameln．骆驼cameran．照相机，摄影机campn．野营，营地，帐篷vi．设营，宿营campaignn．战役；运动campusn． (大学)校园canaux．v．能，会；可能；可以n．罐头，铁罐，易拉罐canadiana．加拿大(人)的n．加拿大人canaln．运河，渠cancelvt．取消，撤销；删去cancern．癌candidaten．候选人；报考者；求职者candlen．蜡烛candyn． [美]糖果capn．便帽，军帽；帽状物capabilityn．能力，才能；性能，容量capablea．能干的，有能力的，有才能的capacityn．容量，容积；能量；能力；接受力capitaln．首都；资本，资金a．主要的，基本的captainn．首领，队长；船长，舰长；陆军上尉，海军上校capturevt．捕获，捉拿；夺取，攻占carn．汽车，车辆，车carbonn．碳cardn．卡片，名片；纸片caren．注意，小心；挂念；照顾，照料vi．关心，计较；喜欢，愿意careern．生涯，经历；专业，职业carefula．小心的，仔细的carelessa．粗心的，草率的cargon．船货，货物carpetn．地毯carriagen．马车，客车，车厢carriern．搬运人；携带者；运载工具carrotn．胡萝卜carryvt．搬运，运送，携带；传送，传播cartoonn．卡通画，漫画；卡通片，动画片casen．事实，情况；案件；病例；箱子，盒子cashn．现金，现款castvt．投，掷，抛；铸造n．演员表castlen．城堡casuala．随便的；偶然的；临时的catn．猫catalog(Ue)n．目录vt．将…编入目录catchvt．捕，捉；赶上；感染，染上病；听清楚categoryn．种类，别，[逻]范畴cattlen．工复数]牛causen．原因，理由，缘故；事业，奋斗目标vt．引起caven．洞，窖洞ceilingn．天花板celebratevt．庆祝，庆贺celln．细胞；电池celsiusa．摄氏的cementn．水泥cceennctn．分，分;[作单位用]百center／-tren．中心，中央v．集中centigradea．摄氏温度的centimeter／-tren．厘米central a．中心的，中央的，中枢的；主要的centuryn．世纪，百年ceremonyn．仪式，典礼，礼节certaina．确实的，可靠的；某一，某些；一定的，必然的certificaten．证(明)书chainn．链，链条；一连串，连锁chairn．椅子；主席chairmann．主席，议长，会长chaIIengen．挑战，挑战书；艰巨任务，难题vt．向…挑战chambern．室；议院championn．冠军，优胜者chancen．机会，机遇；可能性，偶然性，运气changev．/n．改变，变化vt．换，兑换n．找头，零头channeln．海峡，水道，沟渠，渠道；频道chaptern．章，回，篇charactern．性格，品质；特性，特征；人物，角色；（书写或印刷）符号，（汉字）characteristica．特有的，独特的n．特征，特性characterizevt．描绘…的特性，刻划…的性格chargevt．控诉，控告；要价，收费；装，(满)，充电；袭击，冲锋n．罪名，指控；收费；主管，看管；充电chartn．图表，图chasev．/n．追赶，追逐chatvi．/n．聊天cheapa．便宜，贱；低劣，劣质的cheatvt．欺骗，骗取vi．作弊，欺诈n．欺骗；骗子checkvt．/n．检查，核对；制止，控制n．支票，账单cheekn．面颊cheerv．／n．喝采，欢呼vt．使高兴，使振作cheerfula．快乐的，高兴的cheesen．干酪，乳酪chemicala．化学的n．化学制品／产品／物质／成分chemistn．化学家，药剂师chemistryn．化学cheque = checkn．支票，账单chess n．棋chestn．柜子，橱；胸脯，胸腔chewv．咀嚼chickenn．小鸡，鸡肉chiefa．主要的，首要的n．领袖，首领childn． (p1．children)孩子，儿童，子女childhoodn．幼年，童年chilln．凉气，寒气；寒战chillya．寒冷的chimneyn．烟囱，烟筒chinn．下巴chinan．瓷器Chinesea．中国(人／话)的n．中国人，汉语chipn．薄皮，碎片；集成，电路块chocolaten．巧克力choicen．选择；选择机会choosevt．选择，挑拣chopv．砍，劈，剁碎n．砍，劈，剁；排骨Christiann．基督教徒a．基督教(徒)的Christmasn．圣诞节churchn．教堂，(C-)教会cigaret(te)n．香烟，纸烟cineman．电影院circlen．圆，圈，圆周；圈子，集团；周期，循环v．环绕，盘旋；划圈circuitn．电路，线路circulara．圆形的；循环的circulatev． (使)循环，(使)流通circumstancen． (pl．)情形，环境，条件citizenn．公民，市民，居民cityn．城市，都市civiladj．市民的，公民的，国民的；民间的；民事的，根据民法的；文职的civilization／-sationn．文明，文化civilize／-iSevt．使文明，使开化claimwf．声称，主张；要求，认领，索赔n．权利；要求；主张clarifyvi．澄清，阐明vt．使明晰classn．种类，等级，阶级；班，班级，年级；(一节)课classicn．名著，杰作classicala．经典的，古典的classificationn．分类，分级classifyvt．分类，分级classmaten．同班同学classroomn．教室clausen．子句，从句；(章程、条约等的)条，项；条款clawn．爪clayn．泥土，黏土cleana．清洁的，干净的vt．弄清洁，擦干净cleara．明亮的，清澈的；晴朗的 a．/ad．清楚，清晰vt．清除；澄清；晴朗起来clerkn．办事员，职员，店员clevera．聪明的，伶俐的；机敏的，机巧的clickn．一击clientn．顾客；委托人；当事人cliffn．崖，悬崖climaten．气候；风气，社会思潮climbc．／n．爬，攀登clinicn．诊所clinicala．门诊的，临床的clockn．钟clonen．克隆v．克隆coden．代码，代号，密码，编码closev．关，关闭；结束a．近的；紧密的，亲密的；周密的，仔细的n．结束，了结ad．接近，紧密地clothn．布，织物，衣料；(一块)布clothev．给…穿衣clothesn．衣服clothingn． [总称]衣服cloudn．云，云状物cloudya．多云，阴；似云的；模糊不清的clubn．俱乐部，社；棒，球棒cluen．线索；提示coachn．客车，长途汽车；私人教练，教练v．训练，辅导，指导coaln．煤，煤块coarsea．粗，粗糙，粗劣；粗鲁，粗俗coastn．海岸，海滨coatn．外套，上衣；涂层v．涂上，包上cockn．公鸡，雄鸟；旋塞，开关coffee n．叻口啡coilv．卷，盘绕n． (一)卷，(一)圈，圈线coinn．硬币，货币colda．冷的，寒冷的；冷淡的n．寒冷；感冒collapsevi．／n．倒塌；崩溃collarn．衣袖，领子；(狗的)项圈colleaguen．同事，同僚collectvt．收集，收(税等)vi．聚集，堆积collectionn．收藏，收集；收藏品collectivea．集体的，共同的n．集体collegen．学院，大学collidevi． (with)碰撞，抵触collisionn．碰撞，冲突，抵触colonyn．殖民地；聚居地colo(U)rn．颜色，色彩；颜料；肤色 vi．给…染色colorfula．多色；丰富多彩的columnn．柱，柱状物；栏，专栏(文章)combinationn．结合，联合combinev．结合，联合，化合comevi．来，来到；出现，产生comfortvt．／n．慰问，安慰n．安逸，舒适comfortablea．舒适的，舒服的commandvt．／n．命令，指挥n．掌握，运用能力commandern．司令官，指挥官commentn．／v．解说，评论commercen．商业，贸易commerciala．商业的，商务的n．商业广告commissionn．委员会，调查团；佣金，酬劳金commitv．犯(罪)，干(错事) committeen．委员会，全体委员commodityn． (p1．)日用品；商品；农／矿产品；有用的东西commona．普通的，平常的；公共的，共同的communicatevt．传达，交流，通讯vi．传达，传播communicationn．通讯，通信；交际，交流；传达，传送communismn．共产主义communistn．共产党员a．共产主义的，共产党的communityn．社区companionn．同伴，伴侣companyn．公司，商号；陪伴，同伴comparablea．可比较的，比得上的comparativea．比较的，相当的comparevt．比较，相比，对照comparisonn．比较，对照，比喻，比较关系compelvt．强迫，迫使compensatevt．给…补偿，酬报；给…付工钱；赔偿competevi．比赛，竞赛competenta．有能力的，胜任的competitionn．比赛，竞赛competitorn．竞争对手complainvi．抱怨，诉苦，申诉complaintn．抱怨，怨言；控告completea．全，完全；已完成的，彻底的vt．完成，结束complexa．复杂的，复合的complicateda．错综复杂的，难懂的componentn．组成部分，成分；部件，元件composevt．写作，作曲；(of)由…组成composern．作曲家，创作者compositionn．写作，作文，习作；成分，合成物；乐曲compounda．复合的n．复合物，化合物comprehensionn．理解(力)，领悟coinputern．计算机concealvt．隐瞒，隐藏，隐蔽concentratebt．集中；聚集；浓缩bi．集中，专心concentrationn．专注，专心；集中；浓度conceptn．概念，观念concernvt．涉及，关系到n．/v．关心，挂念concertn．音乐会，演奏会concludevt．结束，完结；下结论，断定conclusionn．结束，终结，结论；推断，推论concreten．混凝土d．具体的，实质性的condemnvt．谴责，指责；宣判，判刑conditionn．状况，状态；(pl．)环境，情形；条件conditionern．调节装置，空调conduct vt．引导，指挥；传电，传热 n．行为，品行conductionn．传导conductorn．领队，乐队指挥；售票员，列车员；导体conferencen．会议，讨论会confidencen．信任，信心confidenta．确信的，有自信的confirmvt．证实；进一步确定；确认，批准conflictn．争论，抵触，冲突vi．抵触，冲突confusevt．使混淆，搞乱confusionn．混淆，搞乱congratulatevt．祝贺，向…贺喜congratulation(S)n．祝贺，恭喜congressn．代表大会；国会，议会connectvt．连接，联系vi．连接，相通connectionn．连接，联系，关系conquervt．征服，战胜consciencen．良心，道德心consciousa．意识到的；有知觉的；有觉悟的，自觉的conservevt．保存，保护；节约，节省；守恒，不灭considervt．考虑，细想；认为，以为；关心，顾及considerablea．相当的，可观的，consideratea．考虑周到，体谅的considerationn．考虑；要考虑的事；体贴，关心consistvi． (of)由…构成，由…组成；(in)在于consequentadj．作为结果的，随之发生的constanta．不断的，持续的；始终如一的；坚定的，忠实的；恒定的，经常的constructvt．建设，建造consultvt．请教，咨询；查阅；就诊 vi．商量，会诊consultantn．顾问consumevt．消费，消耗consumern．用户，消费者contactvt．／n．接触，联系，交往containvt．容纳，含有，装有；克制，抑制containern．容器，集装箱contentn． (pl．)内容，目录a．满足的，满意的contestv／．／n．竞争，比赛；争论，争辩continent n．大陆，洲continuala．不断的，频繁的continuev．连续，继续continuousa．连续的，继续的，持续的contractn．契约，合同，包工v．收缩；感染；定约contradictionn．反驳，矛盾contrarya．相反的，矛盾的n．相反，反面contrastv．／n．对照，对比contributev．捐助，捐献，投稿contributionn．贡献，捐助，捐助之物controlvt．／n．控制，操纵；抑制controversialadj．争论的；引起争论的；被议论的；可疑的conveniencen．便利，方便convenienta．便利的，方便的conventionn．习俗，惯例；大会，会议；公约conventionala．普通的，常见的；习惯的，常规的conversationn．会话，谈话convertvt．把…改变为，转换，兑换convincevt．使信服，使确信cookv．烹调，煮，烧n．炊事员，厨师coola．凉，凉爽；冷静，沉着，冷淡v． (使)冷却，(使)镇静cooperatevi．合作，协作，相配合coordinatev． (使)协调，调整；(使)互相配合copevi． (with)对付，应付coppern．铜；铜币，铜制品copyn．抄件，副本；本，册v．抄写，复印，临摹copyrightn．版权，著作权coren．核心，要点；果心cornn．谷物；[美]玉米；[英]小麦cornern．角，角落corporatea．公司的；法人组织的；社团的；共同的；自治的，corporationn．公司，团体correcta．正确的；恰当的，合适的 vt．改正，修改，矫正correspondvi． (to)相当，对应；(with)符合；通讯correspondentn．通讯员，记者correspondinga．相应的，相当的；符合的，一致的corridorn．走廊corrupta．腐化的，贪污的cosmeticn．化妆品adj．化妆用的costn．成本，费用，代价v．值，花费costlya．昂贵，代价高的cottonn．棉花；棉纱，棉织品coughvi．／n．咳嗽couldaux．v．[can的过去时]counciln．理事会，委员会；议事机构counseln．／v．劝告，建议countvt．数，计算；看做，认为vi．计数；指望countern．柜台，计数器a．／ad．相反的(地)，反对的(地) v．反对，对抗countryn．国家；农村，乡间countrysiden．乡下，农村countyn．郡，县couplen．对，双；夫妇couragen．勇气，胆量coursen．进程，过程；课程；(一)道(菜)courtn．法院，法庭；宫殿，朝廷；院子；球场cousinn．堂／表兄弟，堂／表姐妹covervt．盖，覆；包括，涉及n．覆盖物，套，封面cown．母牛，奶牛cowboyn．牛仔，牧童crackvi． (使)破裂，砸开；发爆裂声n．裂纹，龟裂；爆裂声craftn．技巧，手艺；飞机，飞船crashv．n．摔坏，坠毁crawlvi．／n．爬行，慢行crazya．疯狂的，蠢的；(about)狂热爱好，着迷的creamn．奶油；奶油色createvt．创造，创作；产生；制造，建立creativea．有创造力的，创造性的creaturen．人，动物，生物credibleadj．可信的，可靠的creditn．信贷，赊欠；信用，信誉；名誉，名望；光荣，功劳；学分vt．记入贷方creepn．爬，徐行，蠕动vi．爬，蔓延，潜行crewn．全体船员，全体乘务员crimen．罪，罪行，犯罪criminal a．犯罪的，刑事的n．罪犯，刑事犯crisisn．危机；决定性时刻criticn．批评家，评论家criticala．批评的，批判的；危急的，紧要的criticismn．批评，评论criticize／-cisevt．批评，评论cropn．农作物，庄稼；收成crossv．越过，穿过；使交叉，使相交n．十字形，十字架a．交叉的，横穿的crossingn．横越，横渡；交叉点，渡口crowdn．人群，群众v．挤满，拥挤crowdeda．拥挤的crudea．天然，未加工的；简陋的；粗鲁的cruela．残酷的，残忍的crushn．／v．压碎，榨；压服，压垮crustn．外壳，面包皮cryv．／n．叫，喊，哭泣crystaln．水晶，晶体a．水晶的，晶体的；透明的cubica．立体的，立方的；三次的culturen．文化；修养，教养cupn．杯子，奖杯；(一)杯curen．／v．治愈，医治n．良药，疗法curiosityn．好奇(心)curiousa．好奇的，爱打听的curln．卷曲，鬈发vt．弄卷vi．卷曲，弯曲currencyn．货币，通货currentn．流，水流，气流，电流；潮流，趋势a．通用的，流行的，当前的cursen．／v．诅咒，咒骂curtainn．窗帘，幕(布)curvev．弄弯，使成曲线n．曲线，弯曲cushionn．垫子，坐垫customn．习惯，风俗，惯例；(pl．)海关customern．顾客，主顾cutn．／v．切，剪，割，削；删，缩减n．伤口cyclen．周期，循环n．启行车cyclistn．骑自行车／摩托车的人cylindern．圆柱体，圆筒；汽缸Ddailya．每日的，日常的ad．每日，天天n．日报dairyn．牛奶场，奶店；乳制品damn．堤，坝damagevt．损害，毁坏n．损害，毁坏；(pl．)损害赔偿费damnv．／n．诅咒dampa．潮湿的dancevi．跳舞n．舞蹈，舞会dangern．危险，威胁dangerousa．危险的，不安全的darevt．敢，竟敢；向…挑战aux．v．敢，胆敢darka．暗，黑暗；深色，黑色 n．黑暗，暗处datan．资料，材料database／—bankn．数据库daten．日期，年代；约会v．注日期；约会daughtern．女儿dawnn．黎明，曙光vi．破晓；开始发展dayn．白昼，白天；(一)天daylightn．白昼，日光deada．死的；无感觉的deadlinen．最后期限，截止交稿日期deadlya．致命的，致死的；极有害的deafa．聋的；不愿听的，装聋的dealv． (with)处理，应付；给予 n．交易，买卖；契约deara．贵的；亲爱的，可爱的int．啊，哎呀deathn．死，死亡；消亡，毁灭debaten．／vt．争论，辩论debtn．债，欠债decaden．十年deceivev．欺骗，蒙骗Decembern．十二月decidev．决定；裁决decisionn．决心，决定；果断declarationn．宣布，宣告；声明；申报declarevt．断言，宣称；宣布，宣告，声明；申报declinevi．减少，下降；衰落；婉言拒绝decorate vt．装饰，装璜，布置decreasev．／n．减少，减小deedn．行为，行动；功绩，事迹deepa．深的，深刻的；深奥的；深切的ad．深深地deern．鹿defeatvt．／n．战胜，挫败defence／-sen．防御，保卫；答辩defendvt．保卫，防守；答辩defendantn．被告deficitn．不足，缺陷；亏损，亏空(额)；赤字，逆差，欠缺definevt．下定义，解释definitea．明确的，确定的，限定的definitelyad．明确地，一定地definitionn．定义，解释degreen．度，程度；等级；学位delayv．／n．推迟；耽搁，延误deletevt．删除delicatea．纤弱，娇嫩，易碎；优美，精美，精致；微妙，棘手；灵敏，精密deliciousa．美味的，芬芳的delightn．快乐，高兴vt．使高兴，使欣喜delivervt．交付，递送；释放，解救；发表，表达deliveryn．传电；传送，交付；分娩demandvt．／n．要求，需要democracyn．民主，民主制；民主国家democratica．民主的，有民主精神／作风的demonstratevt．表明；论证；演示vi．示威densea．密的，稠密的，浓密的densityn．稠密；密度dentala．牙齿的dentistn．牙科医生denyv．否定，否认；拒绝，谢绝departv．出发，离开departmentn．部门，系departuren．离开，出发dependvi． (on／upon)依靠，依赖；信任；决定于dependenta． (on／upon)依靠的，依赖的，从属的depositat．存放，寄存；储蓄；使沉淀n．存款；押金，保证金；沉淀物depress vt．压抑；降低depressionn．不景气，萧条；沮丧，消沉depthn．深度；深厚，深切describevt．描述，形容descriptionn．描写，形容；说明书desertn．沙漠，不毛之地vt．离开，抛弃；从…开小差deservevt．应受，值得designvt．计划，设计，制图n．图纸；图案，花样；设计desirablea．合乎需要的，令人满意的desirev．／n．愿望，欲望；要求deskn．书桌，服务台，办公桌despairvi．/n．失望，绝望desperatea．绝望的，危急的；不顾一切的，挺而走险的despiteprep．不管，不顾destroyvt．破坏，摧毁；消灭，扑灭；打破，粉碎destructionn．破坏，毁灭detailn．细节，详情；枝节，琐事 vt．详述，详谈detaileda．详细的detectvt．察觉，发现detection。

记单词秘诀就是多看，靠大量重复的视觉冲击让这个单词在你脑子里留下印象。

面对单词表，不要在一个单词上耗太多时间，要采用浏览的方法，觉得认识的单词就划掉，完全没有印象和有点印象的都分别做好记号，既减少了下次浏览的任务量又使得记忆单词更有针对性。

用这样的方法背完一个单词后再重复背一遍划一遍，觉得背诵的差不多了开始下一个单词的背诵，在下一个单词背诵完成后再回去将前面的单词浏览一遍。

这样循环往复下去，任务量会越来越大，但同时生词会越来越少。

在职研究生英语高频词汇、词组解析（1）abroad /aboard /boardabroad意为“在国外”；而aboard的意思是“登（机），上（车船等）”，与动词go搭配来表示登机等；最后一个词board常用来表示“登机，上船”，是动词。

例：I have decided to study abroad next year. 我已决定明年去国外读书。

It is time to go aboard. 现在该登机了。

We are asked to board half an hour before departure time. 起飞前半小时，我们必须登机。

（2）absorb /concentrateabsorb原义为“吸收”，引申词义为“吸引（注意力，精力等）”，常用于be absorbed in sth. 表示“被……吸引住，专注于”；concentrate “集中精神，全神贯注，聚精会神”，concentrate on/ upon例：The picture absorbed my attention. 我被这幅画迷住了。

He found his brother absorbed in the watching of the match.他发现弟弟在聚精会神地看比赛。

She tried to concentrate on her work in the university. 她试图专心致志地在大学里工作。

A A,anart.一(个);任何一个;每,每一件abandonv.放弃;抛弃abilityn.能力,智能;才能,才干ablea.有能力的,能干的,显示出才华的able to inf. 能,会aboardad.在船(飞机,车)上,上船（飞机,车）prep.在（船,飞机,车）上,上（船,飞机,车）abortionn.流产，夭折aboutad.在周围,附近,到处;大约,差不多prep.关于,对于;在…周围,在…附近a.准备be about to+inf.即将aboveprep.在…上面,超过,高于a.上面的,上述的ad.在上面,以上above all首要,尤其abroadad.到国外,在国外;到处absencen.缺席,不在场;缺乏,没有absenta.(from)缺席,不在场;缺乏的漫不经心的absolutea.绝对的,完全的absorbv.吸收;吸收,使专心be absorbed in专心于abusen.滥用，虐待，辱骂；陋习，弊端V 滥用，虐待，辱骂academica.学院的;学术的acceptv.接受,认可;同意,认可acceptablea.可接受的acceptancen.接受,验收;承认,认可accessn.接近,进入;入口,通道,入口;接近（或进入）的方法have/gain access to可以获得accidentn.事故;意外的事,偶然的事by accident偶然accompanyv.陪同,伴随;为…伴奏accomplishv.完成according to按照,根据accountn.账（目,户）;叙述,说明v.说明,解释account for说明（原因等）on account of因为,由于take …into account考虑accuratea.精确的,准确的accusev.（of）控告,谴责accustomeda.惯常的,习惯的be accustomed to习惯于achev.痛n.疼痛,酸痛achievev.完成;达到,达成,获得achievementn. 完成;达到, ,获得acidn.酸a.酸的acquirev.取得,获得;学到acren.英亩acrossprep.横过,穿过;在...对面,与...交叉ad.横过,穿过,横断;宽,阔actv.行动,做事;(on)起作用;表演n.行为,动作;(一)幕;法令,条例actionn.行动,行为;动作,活动;(on)作用activea.有活力的,活跃的,敏捷的,在活动中的activistn.积极分子，活动分子actorn.男演员actressn.女演员actuala.实际的,现实的ActuallyAd.事实上ad=advertisementn.广告adaptv.(to)(使)适应,适合;改编,改写addv.(to)加,增加;补充说,又说add up to合计,总计additionn.(增)加,加法;附加(物)in addition另外in addition to除...之外addressn.地址,通讯处,致词v.致函,写姓名地址;向...讲话adequatea.足够的,充分的,恰当的v.毗连,靠近adjustv.调节,调整,校正)administrationn.管理,经营;行政(机关,部门);政府admirev.钦佩,赞赏,羡慕admitv.让...进入,接纳;承认adoptv.采用,采纳,通过;收养adultn.成(年)人a.成年人的,已成熟的advancev.前进,进展;推进,促进;提出(建议等);提前n.前进,进展;预付,预支in advance提前,预先advanceda. 高级的,先进的,前进的advantagen.优点,长处,有利条件;利益,好处gain/have an advantage over胜过,优于take advantage of利用adventuren.冒险,冒险活动;奇遇advertisev.做广告advertisementn.广告advicen.劝告,忠告,(医生等的)意见advisablen.可取的,适当的advisev.劝告,忠告;建议;通知v.提倡,鼓吹aeroplane/airplanen.飞机aerospacen.太空,宇宙空间affairn.事,事情,事件affectv.影响;感动affectionn.爱,慈爱,感情;影响affordv.担负得起,买得起,花得起(时间);供给,给予afraida.(of)怕,害怕的;恐怕,担心的African.非洲Africana.非洲(人)的n.非洲人afterprep.在…以后,在...后面conj.在...后ad.以后,后来afternoonn.下午,午后againad.又,再(次),重新againstprep.对(着),逆;反对;违反;靠近,倚在;对比agen.年龄;时期,时代v.变老,老化agoad.以前,...前agonyn.苦恼,痛苦agreev.(to,with)同意,赞成;一致,适合agreementn.同意,一致;协定,协议agriculturen.农业aheadad.在前,向前,提前,前头ahead of在...前面,先于aidv.援助,救援,帮助n.援助,救护;助手,辅助物,辅助设备aimv.(at)目的在于,旨在;瞄准,针对n.目标,目的airn.空气,大气,天空;神气,架子v.使通风in the air在流行中,在传播中aircraftn.航空器,飞机airlinen.航线;航空公司airplanen.飞机airportn.机场,航空站alarmn.警报;惊恐,惊慌v.使惊恐,惊动,惊吓;向...报警alcoholn.酒精,乙醇alikea.相同的,想像的alivea.活着着;活跃的,热闹的alla.所有的,全部的pron.一切,全部ad.完全,都,十分above all首要,尤其after all终于,毕竟;虽然这样all but几乎,差一点;除...之外其余都all out全力以赴,竭尽全力all over遍及,到处all right行,可以;顺利,良好at all完全,根本in all总共,共计not at all一点也不allowv.允许,准许;承认;让...得到allow for考虑到allowancen.津贴,补助(费)make allowance(s) for考虑到,顾及;体谅,原谅almostad.几乎,差不多alonea.单独,独立,独一无二的ad.仅仅,只;单独地,独自leave/let...alone听其自然,不要去管let alone更不用说prep.沿着ad.向前along with与...一起aloudad.出声地,大声地alphabetn.字母表alreadyad.已,已经alsoad.也,同样;而且,还alterv.改变,变更althoughconj.尽管,虽然,即使altogetherad.完全,全部地;总共;总之aluminum/aluminiumn.铝alwaysad.永远,始终;总是,一直amazev.使惊奇,使惊愕,使惊叹amazinga.令人惊讶的,令人吃惊的,ambitionn.雄心,野心ambitiousa.有雄心的,野心勃勃的ambulancen.救护车n.美洲;美国Americana.美洲(人)的;美国(人)的n.美国人;美国人among(st)prep.在…之中,在...中间amountn.数量,总额v.(to)合计,总共达,等于amusev.逗...笑,给...以娱乐(消遣) analysisn.分析,分解analyze/analysev.分析,分解ancestorn.祖宗,祖先anchorn.锚v.抛锚,停泊ancienta.古代的,古老的andconj.和,与,而且;那么;接连,又angeln.天使angern.(愤)怒,气愤v.使发怒,激怒anglen.角;角度,方面,观点angry。

词组表A few少许，一些A great deal/A good deal许多，大量；…得多A great manyA good many许多，大量A little一些，少许；稍许，一点儿A lot/ a lot of /lots of 大量，许多；非常，相当A number of许多About to即将Above all首先，尤其Accustomed to习惯于Add to增加，添加，补充Add up to总计，等于；意指After a while过了一会After all毕竟，虽然这样Agree on/upon同意Agree with与…意见一致Ahead of在…前，先于Ahead of time提前Aim at瞄准，针对；在，旨在All at once突然；同时，一起All of a sudden突然All out全力以赴All over到处，遍及All right行，可以；顺利，良好All round周围，处处All the same仍然，照样地And so forth等等And so on等等Apply to将…应用于；涂，抹Approve of赞赏，同意；批准，通过Around the clockRound the clock昼夜不断地，连续24小时地As a matter of fact实际情况，真相As a result由于，因此As a rule通常As far as /so far as只要；就…而言As for/as to至于；就…而言As if/as though好象，仿佛As long as /so long as只要，如果；既然As soon as一…就…As usual象往常一样，照例As well as既…又…，除…之外As well同样，也倒不如，不妨As…..as与…一样Ask for请求，要求At a loss困惑，不知所措At a time每次，一次At all costs无论如何，不惜任何代价At all完全，根本At any rate无论如何，至少At best/at the best充其量，至多At first最初，首先At hand在手边，在附近At heart在内心，实质上At home在家，在国内；自在，自如At large总的，一般；在逃At last最终，终于At least最低限度At most/at the most最多，至多At once 立刻，马上At present目前，现在At cost of以…为代价At the moment此刻At times有时At work在工作，忙于At worst/at the worst在最坏的情况下Back and forth来回，往返Back down/off放弃，让步，退却Back up支持，援助Based on以…为基础Be friends with对…友好，与交上朋友Be made up of由…组成/构成Because of由于，因为Before long不久以后Begin with从…开始Benefit from收益于…Both…. And …. 既…又…Break away (from)脱离，逃跑Break down分解，瓦解Break in强行进入，闯入；打断，插嘴Break into闯入Break out突然发生，爆发Break throught突破Break up打碎，拆散bring about使发生bring forward将…提前；提议bring out使出现，使显明bring up抚养，教育；提出问题build up增长；积累；增强burn out烧掉burn up烧尽by accident/by chance 偶然，碰巧by all means一定，务必by and by不久以后，将来by far…得多by hand用手by heart牢记，凭记忆by itself单独地，独自地by means of用，凭借by mistake错误地by the way顺便提一下，另外by turns轮流，交替地by way of通过…方式Call for要求，需要call off取消call on/upon访问，拜访号召，呼吁call up召集，动员；打电话can not help禁不住，忍不住care for照管，关心喜欢，意欲carry on继续，坚持下去从事，经营carry out执行，贯彻catch fire着火，烧着catch up with追上，赶上Check in办理登记手续Check out结帐后离开检验，核查Check up/(up) on校对，检验，检查Clear up解释，澄清（天气）变晴come about发生，产生come aross偶遇，碰到；发生效果come off成功，奏效come on请，来吧，快点come out出版，刊出；传出，显出，长出；结果是，结局是come round/around来访，前来；苏醒，复原come through经历，脱险come to苏醒，复苏come true实现，达到come up出现compare…to把…比做consist in在于，存在consist of由…构成，由…组成contribute to为…出力/贡献convince….of使信服correspond to相当于，对应，符合count up把…相加cross out删去，取消cut back削减，减少cut down削减，减少，降低cut in插嘴，打断cut off切掉，剪去，删去deal with处理，对付；讨论die down渐渐消失，平息die out消失，灭绝do away with消灭，丢掉do one’s best 尽力而为do without没有…也行，将就draw up写出，画出，草拟dress up穿上盛装，打扮得漂漂亮亮drop by/in顺便来访drop out逃学，离队出走due to由于each other互相either…or…或…或…，不是…就是…enjoy oneself过的快乐even if/even though即使，纵然every now and then有时，时时，偶而every other每隔一个的Except for除….以外face to face除…以外face up to大胆面对fall behind落后fall in love (with)相爱，爱上far from决不，决非feel like想要figure out算出，估计，推测fill in填充，填写fill out填好，填写find out发现，查明，找出focus on集中于for example例如for good永久的，一劳永逸的for instance举例说，比如for short简称，缩写for the better好转，向好的方向发展for the moment暂时，目前for the present目前，暂时for the time being目前，暂时from time to time时常get across解释清楚，使人了解get along (with)相处；有进展，有起色get away (from)逃脱，离开get hold of抓住，掌握get in收获；到达，进站get off下车，从…下来离开，动身，开始get on (with)继续做；上车；在…方面取的进展get out of逃避，改掉get over克服，（从病中）恢复过来get rid of 摆脱，除去get through结束，完成；接通电话get together集会，聚会get up起床，起立give away泄露，暴露，出卖give back送还，恢复give in投降，让步，认输give off发出，放出give out分发，分派give rise to引起，造成give up放弃，辞去投降，屈服give way to让位于，被…代替go about从事，干；闲逛go after追逐，追求go ahead开始；前进，领先go along with陪同前往，随行go around/round足够分配go by经过，放过，过去go for竭力想取得；喜爱，支持，拥护go in for从事，致力于，追求，沉迷于go into研究，讨论，调查，审查go off爆炸，被发射；离去，走调go on (with)继续，持续go on the stage当演员go out熄灭go over浏览，读一遍；检查；复习；重说（读，看）go through完成，做完；检查，审查，搜查go with陪同前往；与…一致，与…调和go without没有，缺乏，将就；无需，没有…也行good for有效，适用，胜任had better最好还是，应该hand down传下来，传给，往下递hand in交上，递交hand in hand手拉手；联合，连在一起hand on传下来，依次传递hand out分发，发给hand over交出，移交，让给hang about闲荡，徘徊，逗留hang on to紧握住；坚持下去hang on 紧抓不放hang up挂断（电话）have back要回，收回have on穿着，戴着have to do with 与…有关have to/have got to 不得不，必须have…..in mind牢记…head for朝…走去heart and soul全心全意help oneself自取所需（食物等）here and there到处，处处hold back踌躇，退缩不前hold on to紧紧抓住hold on握住不放hold out坚持，不屈服hold up举起，支撑，承载；阻挡，使停止how about…如何，…怎么样hurry up使赶快；迅速完成if only要是…就in a hurry匆忙，立即in a moment一会儿in a sense从某种意义上说in a word总而言之in addition (to) 除…之外，加之in advance提前，预先in all总共，共计in any case总之，无论如何in brief简单地说in case of假如，万一in case假如，以防in charge (of)负责，管理in common共用，共有in danger在危险中，垂危in debt欠债，欠情in detail详细地in difficulty/~ties 处境困难in effect实际上，事实上in fact实际上，事实上in favo(u)r of赞成，支持有利于in front of 在…前面，面对in future今后，从今以后in general通常，一般来说in half成两半in hono(u)r of 向…表敬意，为庆祝…，为纪念…in no time立即，马上in one’s way/in the way妨碍，阻碍in order that以便in order to以便，为了in order整齐，秩序井然in other words换句话说，也就是说in particular特别，尤其；详细地in person亲自in place在适当的位置in place of代替in practice实际上，在实践中in public公众地in question在考虑中，在议论中的in return(for)作为回报，作为报答in secret秘密地，私下地in short简言之，总之in sight被见到，在望in spite of尽管，不顾，虽然in tears流着泪，含泪，哭in the end最后，终于in the face of面对in the first place起初，首先in the future将来in the least一点，丝毫in the world究竟，到底in time及时地，适时地in turn依次，轮流insist on/upon坚持，坚持认为instead of代替interfere in/with妨碍，阻碍，干扰，干涉just now刚才，一会儿以前keep an eye on留意，照看keep back阻止，阻挡；隐瞒，保留keep down控制，压制，镇压；压低，放低（声音）keep house管理家务keep in touch保持联系keep off不接近，避开keep on继续，保持keep one’s word守信用keep out of躲开，置身…之外keep track通晓事态，注意动向keep up with跟上，不落后keep up继续，坚持；保持，维持keep…in mind记住…knock down撞倒，击倒knock out打昏，淘汰laugh at讥笑，嘲笑lay down放下，拟订；铺设lay off（临时）解雇；休息lay out安排，布置，设计；摆开，陈列，展示lead the way带路，引路lead to通向；导致，引起learn…by heart牢记…leave alone听其自然，不要去管leave behind落后；把…留下；忘带leave out省略，遗漏let alone听其自然，不要去管；更不用说let down放下，降低；使失望let go放开，松手let in让…进入，放…进来let off放（炮，烟火），开枪let out放出，发出；放大（衣服）line up排队，使排成一行live on/by靠…生活，以…为食live through度过，经受住live up to无愧于，不辜负look after照顾，关心，照料look at看，注视look back回顾，回头看look down upon看不起look for寻找，寻求look forward to盼望，期盼look in顺便看望，顺便；访问look into窥视，调查，过问look on旁观，观看look out注意，警惕look over检查，查看，调查look through浏览，温习look up to尊敬，敬仰look up查找，查阅，寻找，查出lose heart丧失勇气，失去信心make a difference有影响，很重要make for走向，冲向make friends交朋友，友好相处make fun of取笑，嘲弄make one’s way前进，行进make out开列，书写；看出，辨认出；理解，了解make sense讲得通，言之有理make sure查明，弄确实make the most of充分利用make up拼凑，组成，构成；编造（故事，谎言等）make up for补偿，弥补make up one’s mind决定，下决心make use of利用make way开路，让路mix up混合，混淆，搞糊涂more or less或多或少，多少有点neither…nor…既不…也不…never mind不要紧，没关系no doubt无疑，必定no longer不再，已不no matter…无论，不管…no more不再no sooner…than…一…就…no wonder难怪，怪不得not as/so…as…不如…那样…not only…but(also)…不仅…而且…now that既然of course自然，当然，无疑off and on断断续续，不时地off duty下班on behalf of代表…on board在船（飞机）上on business因公，因事on duty值班，当班on earth究竟，到底on fire烧着on foot步行on hand在手边，临近on one’s own独自，靠自己on purpose故意，有意on sale上市，出售；减价，贱卖on schedule按预定时间on the average平均，一般说来on the contrary相反，反之on the one hand…on the other hand…一方面…，另一方面…on the road在旅途中on the spot当场，在现场on the whole总的来说on time准时on top of在…之上once in a while偶而，有时once more再一次，又一次once upon a time从前once after another一个接一个One another互相or else否则，要不然or so大约，左右out of在…外，离开，从…里；出于，由于；缺乏，没有out of breath喘不过气来，上气不接下气out of control失去控制out of danger脱离危险out of date过时的，陈旧的out of doors在户外out of order发生故障，失调out of place不适当的，不得其所的out of practice久不练习，荒疏out of sight看不见，在视野以外out of the question不可能的，办不到的out of touch失去联系out of work失业owing to由于，因为pass away去世，逝世pass out失去知觉，昏倒pay attention to注意pay back偿还，回报pick out选出，挑选pick up拣起，拾起；（车船等）中途搭（人）/带（货）；增加play with以…为消遣，玩弄point out指出，指明pull down拉倒，拆毁pull out拔出，抽出，取出pull up使停下put across解释清楚，说明put aside储存，保留put away把…收起来，放好put down记下，写下put forward提出put off推迟，拖延put on穿上，戴上；上演；增加（体重）put out熄灭，消灭，灭（灯）；生产，出版，发布put up with容忍，忍受put up举起，升起，提（价）；为…提供食宿；建造，搭起，支起；张贴quite a little相当多，不少quite a few还不少，有相当数目rather than而不，不顾refer to查阅，提到，谈到rely on依靠；信赖remind sb. of使想起，提起；提醒result from起因于result in导致ring up打电话rub out擦掉，拭去run across偶然遇到run down撞倒，撞沉run for竞选run into偶然遇到，撞见，碰撞run out(of)用光，耗尽run over浏览，匆匆复习run through匆匆地看see (to it) that负责，照料，注意，留心see about调查，查询see into调查，检查see off给…送行see through看穿，识破seek after/for搜寻，寻找，寻觅send for派人请，召唤；索取send in呈报，提交，送来serve as担任；起…作用set about开始，着手set aside宣布无效；驳回，废止set back推迟，延缓，阻碍set fire to使燃烧，点燃set off动身，出发；使爆炸，使爆发；引起set out动身，出发，开始；制定，打算set up建立，设立，树立；资助，使自立，扶持settle down 定居，过安定的生活show in领入show off炫耀，卖弄show up使显现，使醒目shut down关闭shut out排除shut up住口；关上全部门窗sick of厌烦side by side肩并肩，一个挨一个sit up迟睡，熬夜slow down放慢速度so far迄今为止so that以便，为的是；结果是，以致so…as to…如此…以至于…，如此…以便…so…that…如此…以至于…sooner or later迟早，早晚speak of谈到speak out大声说speed up使加速stand by站在旁边，袖手旁观；站在一起，支持，帮助stand for代替，代表，意味着stand out突出，显眼stand up for为…辩护，维护stand up to勇敢的面对，坚决抵抗stand up站起，竖起step by step逐步step down让位，下台step in插入，介入Step up提高，加快，加紧Stick to坚持，忠于，信守Substitute for替代；取代，代替Such as象…那样的，诸如，例如Such that那样的…以至Sum up总结，概括Take a chance冒险一试Take advantage of 乘…之机，利用Take after与…相象Take apart拆开Take care留心；保重Take care of照顾，照料；承当，处理，负责Take charge负责，看管Take delight in以…为乐Take down记下，写下Take effect生效，见效Take ….for granted想当然，认为…理所当然Take for认为，以为Take in接受，容纳；领会，理解；欺骗Take off拿走，脱下；起飞Take on呈现，具有，装出；接纳，接受；承担，从事take one’s time不急不忙，从容进行take over接管，接收take pains尽力，煞费苦心take part（in）参加，参与take place发生，进行take the place of代替take turns轮流take up占去，占据；开始从事；拿起，捡起talk back顶嘴talk into说服talk over商量，讨论thanks to由于，多亏that is就是说，即the moment that 一…就…think better of改变注意，重新考虑think of想到，想起think of as把…认为是…think over仔细考虑throw away扔掉，抛弃throw up呕吐touch on关系到，涉及try on试穿try out实验try one’s best尽力turn down调低，关小turn in交出，上缴；转身进入，拐入turn into使变成turn off关，关闭turn on打开，拧开turn out生产，制造；驱逐，使离开；证明是，结果是turn over翻过来，翻倒turn to转向；求助于turn up出现，发生under control被控制住under the circumstances在这种情况下，情况既然如此under way进行中up to date时兴的up to一直到；等于；从事于，忙于use up用光，花完Wait on伺候warm up变热watch out（for）戒备，提防wear down磨损，损耗；使疲劳What about（对于）…怎么样what if如果…将会怎样，即使…又有什么要紧Whether or是…还是…，不管…还是…wipe out消灭，毁灭Work at/on从事work out解决，算出；设计出，制定出Work up引起，激起；逐渐向上，向上爬worry about担心Would rather宁愿，宁可。

在职攻读硕士联考英语模拟试题及答案解析（15）(1~5/共5题)Part ⅠDialogue CommunicationSection A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Section A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.第1题Speaker A: Excuse me, Mr. Black, can you spare me a few minutes? There´s something I´d like to speak to you about. I won´t keep you long.Speaker B: ______A.What do you want to talk with?B.Yes, go ahead.C.What´s the matter?D.Oh, nice to see you, John.第2题Speaker A: Did you know that Whitney Houston was giving a concert last night in the town?Speaker B: ______A.Why don´t you get some tickets for us?B.I like her, but I didn´t have time for the concert.C.Why didn´t you tell me about it earlier?D.Maybe we can go to see her concert some other time.第3题Speaker A: Do you want to come over on Saturday? I´m having a little party.Speaker B: ______A.Why are you going to have a party?B.Oh, I like parties very much. I can meet a lot of interesting people.C.How about a picnic? I think it is more interesting than a party.D.Thanks. I´d love to. What time?第4题Speaker A: Did you hear about those people who got hurt when going mountain climbing? I think they shouldn´t allow people to go mountain climbing. It´s too dangerous.Speaker B: ______A.I couldn´t agree more. I can´t understand why anyone wants to get to the top of a mountain.B.I couldn´t agree less. Mountain climbing is actually more dangerous than surfing.C.I´m sorry to hear that. Where did you get the news?D.No, I have decided not to go mountain climbing with my friends next month.第5题Speaker A: Hello, many happy returns!Speaker B: ______A.The same to you, too.B.Thank you.C.I am sure I will be happy to come back.D.Oh, I´m so glad to see you again.下一题(6~10/共5题)Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 hort conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the 4 choices given and mark your answer onthe ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the enter.Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices given and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.第6题Man: Though we didn´t win the game, we were satisfied with our performance.Woman: You did a great job, you almost beat the world champions. It s a real surprise to many people.Question: What do we learn from this conversation?A.They both enjoyed watching the game.B.The man thought the results were beyond their expectations.C.They both felt good about the results of the game.D.People were surprised at their wining the game.第7题Woman: I don´t think we should have told Tom about the surprise party for Lucy.Man: It´s all right. He promised not to tell, and he doesn´t make promises lightly.Question: What does the man mean?A.Tom has arranged a surprise party for Lucy.B.Tom will keep the surprise party a secret.C.Tom and Lucy have no secrets from each other.D.Tom didn´t make any promise to Lucy.第8题Man: How did you like the new exhibit at the art gallery?Woman: I still haven´t been able to take any time off from studying.Question: What does the woman mean?A.She prefers the artists she has studied.B.She hopes they will take some of the paintings away.C.She hasn´t gone to see the exhibit yet.D.She doesn´t want to describe the exhibit.第9题Woman: Henry, your article in the campus news was excellent.Man: I only wish they had published the entire thing.Question: What do we learn from Henry´s response?A.The article was actually longer.B.His publishing career has just begun.C.The newspaper has printed his other articles.D.The article is about sports.第10题Woman: I am trying to find out how this dishwasher works. The manual is in French. I can´t wait for Bill to translate it for me.Man: Don´t worry, Mary. I can do the dishes before the machine starts to work.Question: What does the man mean?A.He will tell Mary how to operate the dishwasher.B.He will wash the dishes himself instead.C.He will help Bill to translate the manual.D.He himself will operate the dishwasher.上一题下一题(11~30/共20题)Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.第11题You ______ him last year when you were in England.A.can have metB.may have metC.can meetD.may meet第12题How thoughtful of him ______ to make all the necessary arrangements for us!A.he isB.it wasC.is heD.was he第13题You did tell me what to do. If only I ______ your advice!A.would takeB.tookC.have takenD.had taken第14题Don´t argue with him any longer. You are only wasting your breath ______ to win him over to your side.A.having triedB.to tryC.to be triedD.trying第15题The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds ______ his argument in favour of the new theory.A.which to base onB.on which to baseC.to base on whichD.which to be based on第16题His business prospered and he became a person of means. Yet, despite his great riches, he gave no arms to the needy and no thanks to his benefactors whose savings ______ to his welfare.A.had contributedB.contributedC.were contributedD.did contribute第17题They have decided on a final date by which they expect that everyone ______ the council´s offer and have installed that necessary equipment in his house.A.have taken advantage ofB.will have taken advantage ofC.will take advantage ofD.has taken advantage of第18题You claim that ______ travelling by boat I am wasting part of my holiday: on the contrary. I regard the sea journey as the most enjoyable part of it.A.byB.inC.sinceD.over第19题The large size and roughly circular shape of the Pacific made some scientists think that it ______ a hole left when the moon separated from the earth.ed to beB.would have beenC.might have beenD.should have been第20题______ advertising brings the economies of mass selling to the manufacturer, it produces benefits for the consumer as well.A.WhenB.AsC.WhileD.Whereas第21题She is very ______ about her appearance. Half of her salary goes to clothes.A.particularB.peculiarC.specialD.unusual第22题It is difficult to guess what his ______ to the proposal will be.mentB.impressionC.reactionD.opinion第23题As soon as the exams were over, the students all went their ______ ways.A.homelyB.perspectiveC.respectiveD.diverted第24题Young people always complain, more or less justly, that their parents are out of ______ with modern ways.A.linkB.connectionC.associationD.touch第25题Investors seem to be losing ______ in the car industry.A.beliefB.trustC.reliabilityD.confidence第26题During the fire, he ______ people into groups which carried sand and water to throw onto the flames.A.calledanizedC.madeD.planned第27题I need to move to a larger apartment. Do you know of any ______ ones in this neighborhood?A.emptyB.blankC.vacantD.bare第28题Since we can´t hear you at the back of the hall, you´ll have to ______ your voice.A.liftB.increaseC.speak upD.raise第29题The colors of that coat and hat don´t ______.A.suitB.mixC.matchpare第30题We were rather upset by his ______ to support our proposals.A.rejectingB.refusingC.denyingD.resisting上一题下一题(31~35/共20题)Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. Passage OneHistorically, although the children of immigrants may have grown up bilingual and bicultural, many did not pass on much of their parents´language or culture to their own children. Thus, many grandchildren of immigrants do not speak the language of the old country and are "American" by culture. However, in some parts of the country with established communities that share a common language or culture, bilingualism and biculturalism continue. This is particularly true in communities where new immigrants are still arriving. In general, cultural pluralism (多元化) is more accepted in the United States today than it was in the first half of the 20th century? and many of the school systems have developed bilingual programs and multicultural curricula.At the close of the 20th century, there seemed to be a rise in the consciousness of ethnic groups around the world, and a sense of pride in what makes them unique. This occurs in the United States among many different groups, and in some cases it has resulted in new names to symbolize each group´s identity. In the United States, people have become very sensitive to the language used to describe these groups, and they try to be "politically correct" (P. C. ). For example, many black Americans, particularly young people, prefer the term African-American instead of black, to identify with their African heritage. Some Spanish speakers prefer to be called Latinos (referring to Latin America) instead of Hispanics, while others prefer to be identified by their country of origin (Cuban-American or Cuban, Chicano, Mexican-American or Mexican, and so on).In spite of some very important differences, however, there is still a tie that binds Americans together. That tie is a sense of national identity—of "being an American" . Incidentally, when citizens of the United States refer to themselves as Americans, they have no intention of excluding people from Latin American countries. There is no word such as United Statesians inthe English language, so people call themselves Americans. Thus, what is really a language problem has sometimes caused misunderstandings. Although citizens of Latin American countries may call the people in the United States North Americans, to most people in the United States this makes no sense either, because the term North Americans refer to Canadians and Mexicans as well as citizens of the United States. The word American, then, will be used in this text as the adjective and nationality for the people who live in the United States of America.第31题According to the passage, today many grandchildren of immigrants ______.A.don´t like their old language and cultureB.don´t speak English and reject American cultureC.only speak English and are "American" by cultureD.only live in established communities where new immigrants are still arriving第32题Many black Americans prefer to be called "African Americans" instead of "blacks" because ______.A.they want to be equal to the whitesB.they want to identify with their African heritageC.they want to be politically correctD.they want to improve their social status第33题The tie that binds Americans together is ______.A.the sense of being a citizen of the wealthiest countryB.the sense of being an AmericanC.the sense of being the descendents of early settlersD.the sense of being under one federal government第34题People who live in the United States of America prefer to be called ______.A.United StatesiansB.Americanstin AmericansD.North Americans第35题This passage is mainly concerned with ______.A.cultural pluralism in the U. S.B.African Americans in the U. S.C.history of immigrants in the U. S.D.new immigrants in the U. S.上一题下一题(36~40/共20题)Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Passage TwoDuring the last thirty years, the international economy has experienced a basic change. Improvements in the Internet and other communications have had important effects on world markets. Faster methods of transport from one place to another have made the world seem smaller to the businessmen. As a result, the world no longer consists of a number of separateeconomies under the control of different nations. Instead, the nations have been integrated into a single economy, and the integration is becoming more and more complete every year. For the first time in history, we can truly speak of a global economy.The most dramatic example of this integration was the oil crisis of 1973 and 1974. It came as a great surprise to the public in the industrial nations to discover that they depended so heavily on imported oil. However, the best evidence for the growing integration is the rapid expansion in the volume of world trade. It went up by about 7% a year during the decade from 1990 to 2000, and in several quasi-industrial (半工业的) countries the growth was even more rapid. As a result. some imported products have become as common as domestic commodity. Some of them are too common for the public to any more realize they are foreign.Production has also become international, which is manifested by the large corporations stepping across national borders and established branches and subsidiaries in several different countries. As an example, U. S. companies are building automobiles in Canada. Germany, Britain and Japan. In some cases, components of an automobile are produced abroad and shipped to the United States, where it is then finished with the imported parts. When even the United States has the largest number of such corporations, it is not the only. Other multinationals, for instance, are based in Japan, France, Germany, the UK and Italy.Labor, too, is much more mobile than in the past. Both skilled and unskilled workers can now readily migrate from one country to another. In Europe, for example, there are large numbers of Turkish workers employed in the Germany Economy. Doctors, lawyers, and other professionals are also finding it easier to work in foreign countries. The labor market has become international, and the number of expatriate workers is continuing to grow.第36题The passage is mainly about ______.A.the dependence of the industrial countries on imported oilB.the fundamental change in world economyC.the expansion of international corporationsD.the Internet and world economy第37题People in industrial nations felt greatly surprised by the oil crisis in 1973 and 1974 because ______.A.they didn´t expect the crisis to occur so soonB.they couldn´t live without oilC.they found they were so dependent on foreign countriesD.they realized they were not the stronger nations at all第38题The most convincing indication that we are bordering on a global economy is ______.A.faster methods of transportB.the establishment of more multinational corporationsC.the oil crisis of 1973 and 1974D.the growth of international trade第39题We learn from the passage that ______.A.some less developed countries maintain a faster growth rateB.the United States has more international corporations than other countriesC.the U. S. automobile industry is collapsing under competitive pressure from Japan and other industrialized countriesD.skilled workers and professionals find it easier to work abroad than unskilled workers第40题"Expatriate workers" in the last sentence are those who ______.A.can´t find jobs in their own countriesB.leave their countries to live and work abroadC.have to leave their countries for all their lifeD.are professionals in medicine, law and other professions上一题下一题(41~45/共20题)Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Passage ThreeIn the world of climate change, it is in the Earth´s cold regions where trends can most easily be seen. The cryosphere, where water is found in solid form, is among the most sensitive regions to temperature change.The sensitivity of ice and snow to temperature changes is an early indicator of even relatively small differences, says University of Colorado at Boulder senior researcher Richard Armstrong. He has found that today´s receding and thinning sea ice, mountain glacier mass losses, decreasing snow extent, melting permafrost (永久冻土), and rising sea level are all consistent with warming.Global mean temperatures have risen one degree Fahrenheit over the past 100 years. with more than half of the increase occurring in the last 25 years, observes Armstrong who is affiliated with the National Snow and Ice Data Center headquartered at CU-Boulder."As slight as that may seem, it´s enough to make a difference, " said Armstrong. "Now, long-term monitoring of a series of cold region, or cryospheric, parameters (参数) shows that for several decades the amounts of snow and ice around the world have been decreasing. "The extent of Arctic sea ice is shrinking by about 3 percent per decade. but the trends are not uniform. While recent studies have indicated that the ice thickness also had decreased over several decades, new information shows that the ice may have thinned rapidly, Armstrong said. Examination of springtime ice thickness in the Arctic Ocean indicates that the mean ice thickness decreased 1.5 meters (4.8 feet) between the mid-1980s and early 1990s.To mark its 25th anniversary, the National Snow and Ice Data Center has organized a special session at the 2001 Fall Meeting of American Geophysical Union, taking place this week in San Francisco, that illuminates overall changes in the cryosphere.The session begins Tuesday and extends through Thursday afternoon, with 75 contributions from all areas of cryospheric study. Papers and posters include examinations of lake and river ice, glacier dynamics, and mass ice balance studies in polar and continental glaciers, regional and polar snow cover trends, and variations in Canadian ice cap elevations.第41题Trends of climate change can be most easily sensed ______.A.in the oceansB.in icy and snowy regionsC.on high mountainsD.in the south hemisphere第42题The signs of global warming include all of the following EXCEPT ______.A.thinning sea iceB.decreasing snow extentC.melting permafrostD.falling sea level第43题According to Armstrong, ______.A.slight changes in global mean temperature are insignificantB.the amounts of snow and ice around the world began to decrease in the 1990sC.the past 100 years witnessed the greatest rise in global mean temperature in human historyD.the global mean temperature increased more than 0.5 degree Fahrenheit in the last 25 years 第44题Studies have indicated that ______.A.the extent of Arctic sea ice has shrunk by about 3% in the past several decadesB.the mean ice thickness in the Arctic Ocean decreased 1.5 meters in the 1990sC.the amount of ice around the world has been decreasing for several decadesD.the ice thickness decreased most rapidly between the mid-1980s and the 1990s第45题The special session of the National Snow and Ice Data Center was organized to ______.A.attract more contributions to the cryospheric regionsB.make more people realize the threats of climate changeC.stimulate further research into the changes in ice thicknessD.celebrate its 25th anniversary and discuss changes in the cryosphere上一题下一题(46~50/共20题)Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Passage FourWhat began with the invention of the telephone in 1876 has today become a global net of cables, satellites, transmitters, and receivers that enables half the population of the planet to exchange works, data, and images in seconds. It could take less than 25 years more to give the other half of the world´s people this same power.The unified global telecommunications system, which is called "the Meganet", represents the greatest construction project ever undertaken. If present trends continue, by early in the 21st century the Meganet will link every computer terminal, fax machine, databank, and telephone instrument on earth.Unlike its anarchic (无政府主义的) cousin the Internet, which evolved from free interaction among interest groups of computer users. the Meganet of local telephone service, long-distance lines, communications satellites, and mobile relays has been planned, constructed, regulated and largely sponsored by governments and for-profit business interests. As new materials and technologies bring reliable voice and data links to formerly isolated or closed communities, political and economic power struggles grow.The Meganet breaks long-established patterns of social identity and responsibility. Where private individuals have uncensored access to global information sources, local standards of legality or decency become difficult even to set, let alone to enforce. Economic values may shift,too. Public utility companies have long supplied electric power over miles of high-tension lines, or pumped water through underground pipelines into thousands of homes. Now they are finding that their power-line rights-of-way and physical into-home connections let them compete with cable TV and phone companies to supply information services as well.Meganet impacts are often double-edged for finance and business, too. New York´s Wall Street district lost 20% of its work force—some 100000 jobs—in less than a decade, as computers took over tasks once performed by clerks and banks did more of their business by phone transfers and automated teller machines.第46题"The Meganet" is ______.A.sponsored by governmentsB.similar to its cousin the InternetC.the continuity of the InternetD.evolved from spontaneous interaction among interest groups of computer users第47题According to the passage, what is the difference between "the Meganet" and Internet?A.Both of them are developed by some interest groups of computer users.B.Meganet is the continuity of Internet.C.Meganet is planned and regulated, while Internet is disorganized.D.Meganet has fewer users than Internet.第48题Meganet is changing human life largely because ______.A.the individuals are able to link to the global information sources without any controlB.people accept the standards of legality consciouslyC.it is not necessary to set some standards of decencyD.lots of people needn´t work any more第49题The word "uncensored" (Line 2, Para. 4) probably means ______.A.unguardedB.uncheckedC.unidentifiedD.unwarranted第50题What kind of opinion does the author have toward the Meganet impacts?A.Objective.B.Subjective.C.Appreciating.D.Criticizing.上一题下一题(51~60/共10题)Part IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center."Culture shock" occurs as a result of total immersion in new culture. It __1__to "people whohave been suddenly transplanted abroad. " Newcomers may be anxious __2__they do not speak the language, know the __3__, or understand people´s behavior in daily life. The visitor finds that "yes" may not always mean "yes", that friendliness does not __4__mean friendship or that statements that appear to be serious are really intended __5__jokes. The foreigner may be unsure as to when to shake hands or embrace, when to __6__conversations, or how to approach a stranger. The __7__. of "culture shock" helps explain feelings of bewilderment and disorientation. Language problems do not account for all the frustrations that people feel. When one is __8__of everything that was once familiar, such as understanding a transportation system, knowing how to register for university classes, __9__knowing how to make friends, difficulties in coping with the new society may __10__.第51题__1__A.occursB.appearsC.happensD.exists第52题__2__A.so thatB.becauseC.unlessD.though第53题__3__A.customsB.habitsC.practicesD.regulations第54题__4__A.necessarilyB.virtuallyC.absolutelyD.formerly第55题__5__A.likeB.forC.byD.as第56题__6__A.disturbB.initiateD.imitate第57题__7__A.viewB.thoughtC.explanationD.notion第58题__8__A.deniedB.refusedC.lostD.deprived第59题__9__A.butB.norC.orD.and第60题__10__A.arouseB.riseC.ariseD.raise上一题下一题(1/1)Part V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)第61题Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.1. Is it the sole aim of most Americans to make money and possess luxuries which could be called excessive? The majority of Americans would certainly deny this, though most feel proud to amass wealth and possessions through hard work. In the USA, about 90% of the population is well enough off to expect a brighter future. The USA still has one of the highest standards of living in the world, although, at the present times, 10% are below what the Government considered to be below the "poverty level. " While these under-privileged people receive help from the Government, they have no high hopes for their future. It is from this "underclass," and those who take advantage of it, that most of the violence springs—the violence, which is one of the least pleasant aspects of American society. Some believe that the only guarantee of security is wealth, and the only way out for the poor is to get money.______上一题下一题(1/1)Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words about the title "The Football Hit" . You should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:(1)我国的足球运动吸引了越来越多的观众。

tackle 着手对付up-to-date 最新的tag 牌子,标签,货签urban 城市的;talent 天才,天资urge 催促tame驯化,驯养urgent 紧急的,急迫的target靶子;攻击的目标utility 效用,实用technique技巧;技术; utilize利用tedious沉闷的,冗长乏味的utmost 最大的;最远的temper情绪;性情,脾气utter 发出(声音等);说,讲;表达temporary临时的;暂时的,一时的vacant 空的;空白的temptation引诱,诱惑[ vacuum 空白,空虚tend走向;趋向vague 模糊不清的,朦胧的tendency 趋势,潮流vain 爱虚荣的,自负的,炫耀的tender嫩的;柔软的valid 合法的;有效的tense拉紧的,绷紧的valuable值钱的,贵重的terminal末端的;终点的;极限的value 重要性,益处terror恐怖,惊骇[ vanish消逝;绝迹textile纺织品;纺织原料variable 易变的,多变的theme主题,主题思想;题材variety 多样化,变化theoretical理论的;非应用vary 使多样化therapy治疗,疗法vast 广阔的,浩瀚的,广大的thirst渴,口渴vehicle 运载工具;车辆;thrive兴旺,繁荣;成功verify 证明,证实tissue薄织物;薄纱;薄绸[ version译文;译本toast烤(面包等) via 经由,经过,通过tolerate忍受;容忍,宽恕vibrate 颤动;振动;震动torture拷打,酷刑;拷问victim 牺牲者,遇难者tough坚韧的,牢固的,折不断的vigorous精力充沛的;健壮的trace痕迹;遗迹violate 违犯;违背,违反tragedy悲剧体裁violence 暴力,暴力行为trail跟踪;追猎virtual 事实上的,实际上的,实质上的transfer搬;转换;调动virtue 美德,德行transform改造;改革;改善virus 病毒滤过性微生物恶毒translation翻译visible 显而易见的,(公众人物)引人注目的transmission传染,传播visual视力的;视觉的transmit传送,传达vivid生动的;逼真的;清晰的transparent透明的;清澈的volume容积；体积；音量transport运送,运输,搬运voluntary自愿的,志愿的trash 废物,垃圾volunteer 自愿参加者,志愿者treatment对待;待遇vote选举,投票,表决[treaty条约协定②协商，谈判voyage 航海,航行,乘船旅游tremble发抖;震颤wage 薪水;报酬[tremendous巨大的,极大的wander 漫游;闲逛;流浪;徘徊trend趋势,倾向;时尚weed 清除,淘汰trim修剪;修整;整理welfare 福利;幸福;健康安乐triumph )胜利whereas 鉴于troop军队,部队whistle 口哨;警笛;汽笛;哨子tropical 热带的;位于热带的wipe 揩,擦;揩干;擦净twin双胞胎之一withdraw 抽回;拉开;移开twist扭转;扭弯;旋转,绞withstand 经受,承受typical典型的,有代表性的witness 目击者;见证人ultimate最后的,最终的worship 崇拜;敬仰;敬神uncover 揭开...的盖子;移去...的覆盖物worth 有(...的)价值,值... undergo经历;经受;忍受worthwhile 值得花费时间(或金钱)的,值得做的unique唯一的,独一无二的;独特的[worthy 有价值的;可尊敬的;相称的[B] unity团结;联合;统一(性);一致(性)[ wound 创伤,伤;伤口;伤疤universal全体的;普遍的;一般的wrap 包,裹pace 步速;速度;进度 radical 根本的，激进的panic恐慌；使恐慌 ratio 率、比值partial 不公平的，部分的 rational 理性的,有理性的; participate参与，参加，分享，分担 raw 原料状态的，未加工的particularly特别，尤其，格外 readily 容易地，不勉强partner 合伙人；股东 rebel 反叛; 反抗者，叛徒passion 热情,爱好 recall 回忆，忆起passive被动的,消极的 receipt 收据，收条peculiar 古怪的 reception 接待；招待会；接受peer凝视,盯着看同辈,同事 recession 经济不景气penalty 惩罚，点球reckon 认为,估计;指望,想要;测算penetrate 渗透，打入 recognition 认出,识别;认识pension 养老金、退休金recommend 推荐,介绍;劝告,建议perceive 察觉,感知;理解,领悟 recommendation 推荐，介绍perception感觉，知觉，直觉 recovery 回稳；复苏；追偿performance 业绩、履行演出recreation 消遣;娱乐,游戏permanent 固定不变,永久的 recruit 招聘征募(新兵);吸收(新成员permission 允许,许可,同意[ reference 提及;引用、参考persist 坚持,持久 refine 提纯，精炼personnel全体人员；人事部门 reflect 反映,照出; 考虑,思考perspective 远景;展望,前途 reform 改革,改造,改进pessimistic 悲观的，厌世的 refresh 刷新，更新，再生phase 阶段,时期 refugee 难民，流亡者phenomenon现象②珍品，奇迹 refusal 拒绝；优先购买权philosophy 哲学，爱智慧 register 登记,注册,申报physical 身体的，物质的，物理的 regulate 控制，管理；调整，调节physician内科医生 reinforce 增援，支援；加强，增加physicist 物理学家reject 拒绝,不受,丢弃pill 丸剂，药丸 release 释放,解放;豁免;赦免[plot密谋,策划 relevant 有关的;切题的;恰当的poisonous 有毒的;有害的 reliable 可靠的;可信赖的;确实的polish 磨光,擦亮 relief 浮雕缓解，减轻poll 民意测验;民意测验记录[ relieve 缓解，减轻；使宽慰；接替pollute 弄脏，污染，使…堕落 religious 宗教的；虔诚的portable可携带的；轻便的 reluctant 不愿意的，勉强的portion (一)部分,一份 remain 剩下，留下，仍然portrait肖像、画像；描写 remark 注意，观察，陈述，备考pose 摆姿势,造作 remarkable 出众，显著，不平常的positive确定的;确实的 remedy 修补；补偿；补救；赔偿possess拥有，占有，具有 remind 提醒，使想起；使发生联想postpone使延期,延迟,延缓 remote 遥远的，远程的potential 潜在的，可能的 removal 除去;削除;排除practical 实际的；实践的；实用的 render使得,致使pray请求，恳求②祈祷 repetition 重复;反复;重说;重做[ precaution 防范，警惕 represent 代表，代理preceding 在前的, 前述的 representative 代表性的,典型的precious 贵重的，珍贵的②完全的 reputation 名誉，声望precise精确的;准确的;精细的 request 请求，要求，需要predict 预测,预知 rescue 营救，救援prejudice偏见，成见 resemble 像,类似于preliminary初步的，开始的 reservation 预约；预订；保留prescribe 开药规定,命令 resident 居民，居住者presence 出席,在场;存在 resign 辞职；辞去，放弃；使甘受preserve保护,保存,保持,维持 resist抵抗,对抗presumably大概可能据推测 resolve解决；决定,决意pretend假装,装作 resort 求助, 诉诸,凭借, 手段prevail 盛行；胜过，占优势respectively分别地,各自地,各个地previous先的,前的,以前的 respond 回答,答复；反应prime最初的;原始的;基本的;原有的 responsibility 责任，职责，义务primitive 原始的，简单的 responsible有责任的; 可靠的;负责的principal 主要的,校长 restless 焦虑的principle 原理，原则，注意，信念 restore 恢复，归还；修补，重建prior 先前，居先，更重要的 restrain抑制，制止，遏制priority 优先权；优先考虑的事 restraint 限制性支架；约束privilege特权，优惠 restrict 限制，约束，限定procedure 程序过程 resume重新开始,继续proceed 着手；继续进行 retail 零售业process 过程；进行 retain 保持，保留，保有procession队伍，列队前进 reveal揭露；(事物)展现，显示produce 产生,制造,引起revenue 收益；岁入；税收profession职业,自由职业 revise 修订,校订;修正,修改profile 侧面像,轮廓 reward 报答,报偿;酬谢;奖励[(+profit 利润,收益,利益,获利 ridiculous 可笑的,荒谬的;滑稽的progressive进步的，累进的，递增的 rival 竞争者，对手prohibit 禁止，不准②阻止 roar轰鸣，呼啸，吼叫prominent突出的，显著的，向前伸 rotate旋转，循环promote促进，发扬；提升；推销 routine 常规，惯例，例行公事prompt迅速,立刻的; 驱使,激起 rumor 传闻，谣言proof 证(题)；证明 rural 乡村的，田园的property财产,资产特性，属性publication 出版;发行proportion 均衡，匀称，平衡，比例 publicity 公开；宣传；尽人皆知protest 抗议,声明,对...提出异议,反对 publish 出版，刊印；公布，发表provided 以...为条件;假如 punch 用拳猛击用力击,用力按provision供应规定；条款 punctual 严守时刻的；正确的provoke 激怒；引起；激起 purchase 购买,进货possession拥有;占有[所有物;财产purpose 目的,意图psychological心理学的;心理学家的pursue 追逐；追求；从事,进行puzzle 使迷惑；使为难sacrifice牺牲，献出subsequent后来的, 并发的sake理由，缘故，目的substance物质，材料②内容sample样品，标本②样本substantial坚固的，实质的sanction认许；制裁substitute代替，替换，代入scandal丑闻；引人愤慨之事succeed成功，顺利进行scarce匮乏的，缺少的succession接替,继任,继承scare缺乏的，不足的sufficient足够的,充分的scatter分散，散开，撒开，驱散suicide自杀,自毁scenery风景，舞台上的布景summitschedule时间表；计划表superficialscheme superior scope supplement section surgery sector surplus secure surrender security surround seek survey segment suspect sensible suspend sensitive suspicion sequence sustain session survive shallow swallow shelter sway shield swearshift swiftshrink swing significant switch sincere symbol sketch sympathetic slender sympathize slice sympathyslide symptomslight syntheticslip systematic smash objectionsoar objectivesolar obligationsole obligesolemn observe solve obstacle somehow obtain somewhat obvious sophisticated occasion sore occasional sorrow occupation sour occupysource occurspan occurrence spark oddspecialist offend species offensive specific omit specify operatespecimen opponent spectacular opportunity speculate opposite sphere opticalspill optimisticspoil optionsponsor organism squeeze originstable outcomestain outletstatistic outline statue outlookstatus outputsteady outstanding steer strainsticky strokestiff structure stimulate stuffstir subject tostock submit calculate concede cancel concentratecandidate concept capture concession casual concrete catalogue condemn category condense cautious conductcease conferencecertify confesschain confident challenge confinechaos confirmcharity conflictchase confrontchief confusechill conquerchoke conquestchop consciencecircuit conscious circulate consent circumstance consequence cite consequentlycivil conservativeclarify considerable clash considerate classic consist classical consistent classification constant classify constitute client constructclue consultcode consume collapse contact collision contain column contemporary combat content comedy contest comfort context command continue comment contract commerce contradiction commission contrary commit contrast community contribute companion controversycomparable convenience comparative convenient compass convention compel convert compete convey competent conviction competition convince competitive crazy complain create complete credit complex critical complicated crucial component crush compose cue comprehensive cultivate compress curiosity comprise current conceal curse。

核心词汇ugly[]adj.丑的，丑陋的；讨厌的，邪恶的例句He has an ugly scar on his forehead.他前额上有一个难看的伤疤。

助记音“阿哥累”。

阿哥累了，变得丑了，心灵美了，阿妹不离他走了。

派生ugliness n.丑陋，丑陋之物unbelievable[]adj.难以置信的例句It is unbelievable that the won the game without Yao Ming.这个队伍在姚明不在场的情况下打赢了比赛，真是太不可思议了。

uncomfortable[]adj.不舒服；不自在的例句He felt uncomfortable with foreigners.他与外国人在一起感到不自在。

unconscious[]adj.失去知觉的，不省人事的；无意识的，不知不觉的例句She remained unconscious for several hours.她不省人事有好几个小时。

undergo[]vt.遭受，经历例句The popular music star undergoes a revival of popularity.那个流行音乐歌星重新受到普遍欢迎。

助记unde（在…下）+go→在苦难下行走→经受；组合词：under-go。

undergraduate[]n.大学生，大学肄业生例句She had an undergraduate degree in psychology.她有心理学的学士学位。

助记under（不足）+graduate（毕业生）→还不是毕业生→大学本科生underground[]adj.地下的，秘密的n.地铁adv.在地下，秘密地例句London has a well-developed underground system.伦敦的地铁很发达。

助记under（在…下）+ground（地面）→在地面下→地下的underline[]vt.在…下划线；强调，着重例句She underlined her disapproval of the proceedings by walking out.她退席表示不赞成这些做法。

资料收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除与教育有关的词汇[ 2006-04-20 10:40 ] Faculty and Students 教师和学生principal 中学校长（美）headmaster 中小学校长（英）学历master 小学校长（美）educational historyParty branch secretary 党支部书记educational background 教育程度League branch secretary 团支部书记educational system 学制commissary in 学年academic year charge of organization 组织委员term/ semester 学期commissary in charge of publicity 宣传委文凭diploma员tuition 学费dean of studies 教务处长dean of students 教导主任School 学校私立学校/ department chairman 系主任fee-paying school 付费学校professor public school 公立学校教授普通学校regular school associate professor 副教授小学primary/elementary school guest professor 客座教授中学high/middle school lecturer 讲师大学university teaching assistant 助教supervisor 论文导师学院collegepost doctorate 博士后高等专科院校academydoctor(Ph.D) 博士师范院校normal schoolmaster 硕士bachelor 学士Curriculum 课程所修的课程courses taken graduate student 研究生abroad student 主修课major 留学生undergraduate 本科生minor 辅修课government-supported student 公费生专业课specialized coursecommoner 自费生必修课compulsory courseoptional course day-student 走读生选修课boarder 寄宿生evening student 各项活动Activities 夜校生guest student 社会实践social practice 旁听生（英）/auditor 旁听生（美）课外活动extracurricular activitiesrepeater 留级生physical activities 体育活动freshman 大学一年级学生娱乐活动recreational activitiessophomore academic activities 学术活动大学二年级/高中一年级学生社会活动social activities junior 大学三年级/高中二年级学生senior 大学四年级/高中三年级学生奖励Rewards alumnus 校友奖学金scholarship master 男教师excellent League member 优秀团员优秀干部excellent leader三好学生Three Goods student只供学习与交流．资料收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除professor 教授associate professor 副教授guest professor客座教授lecturer 讲师teaching assistant助教education学历research fellow 研究员educational background 教育程度research assistant 助理研究员educational history 学历supervisor curriculum 课程论文导师principal 主修中学校长（美）majorheadmaster minor 副修中学校长（英）master 小学校长（美）educational highlights 课程重点部分dean of studies 教务长curriculum included 课程包括dean of students 教导主任specialized courses 专门课程teacher 教师courses taken 所学课程probation teacher代课教师courses completed所学课程tutor 特别训练家庭教师special traininggoverness 社会实践social practice 女家庭教师intelligence quotient 智商业余工作part-time jobspass summer jobs 及格暑期工作fail 不及格假期工作vacation jobsmarks 进修课程分数refresher coursegrades 课外活动extracurricular activities 分数scores 分数体育活动physical activitiesexamination 考试娱乐活动recreational activitiesgrade 学术活动academic activities 年级class 班级社会活动social activitiesmonitor班长奖励rewardsvice-monitor 奖学金副班长scholarshipcommissary in charge of studies Three Goods student三好学生学习委员commissary in charge of entertainment excellent League member优秀团员文娱委员excellent leader 优秀干部commissary in charge of sports 体育委员学生会student councilcommissary in charge of physical labor off-job training 脱产培训劳动委员in-job training 在职培训Party branch secretary educational system 学制党支部书记League branch secretary 学年academic year 团支部书记commissary in charge of organization 学期（美）semester 组织委员学期term （英）commissary in charge of publicity president 校长宣传委员副校长vice-presidentdegree dean 院长学位post doctorate assistant dean 博士后副院长doctor (Ph.D) 博士academic dean 教务长系主任department chairman 硕士master只供学习与交流．资料收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除bachelor 学士培养能力foster one‘s capability塑造性格shape（mold）student学生children‘s characters培养孩子的协作精神研究生fosterchildrengraduate student使天生的想象力得到练习have one‘s innate abroad student 留学生powers of imagination trained 回国留学生returned student有助于个性的发展foreign student 外国学生facilitate thedevelopment of individuality（尚未取得学大学肄业生，undergraduate在较好的环境中长大grow up under more 位的）大学生favorable circumstances高中三年级学生大学四年级学生；senior接受必要的教育大学三年级学生；高中二年级学生receive adequate education Junior受过良好教育well sophomore 大学二年级学生；高中一年级－educated适应性强well－adapted学生取长补短freshman learn from each other ~ s strengths 大学一年级学生to offset their owq weaknesses 旁听生（英）guest student智商IQ （旁听生（美）auditor intelligence quotient）充分发挥公费生bring into full play have a wide government-supported studentrange of skillscommoner 自费生发挥创造潜能use one‘s creative potential; 走读生externadd to our knowledge about走读生day-student设施齐全intern实习生（kindergarten）well－equippedfacilities奖学金生prize fellow上课attend classboarder 寄宿生学习成绩classmate academic performance 同班同学均匀分average scoreschoolmate 同校同学从事兼职工作take part－time job 毕业生graduate体罚corporal punishment差生education教育（）inferiorstudents把孩子看扁acquire knowledge condemn a child获取知识过度宠爱excessive permissiveness 高等教育higher education为负责－远程教育teleeducationbe held responsible for承担义务orientededucation quality素质教育－assumethe obligation a sense ofresponsibility（obligation 知识的source of knowledge ）推卸责任extracurricul 课外活动pass the buck（to），shirk one‘sobligationstuition学费父奖学金***女关系grant ，scholarshipparent－child relationship报答父母syllabus教学大纲repay one‘s parents人才preschool education 学前教育talented person精英－男女同校co education elite本科生穿校服school unifonnundergraduate毕业生参加进学考试take an entranceexamination graduate研究生教育工作者teaching staff postgraduate博士导师）advise（tutor doctordoctorate传授知识impart knowledge博士学位进步教学效果improveteachers‘perfonnance 只供学习与交流．资料收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除博士后postdoctoral证书diploma，credentialliberal art文科science理科只供学习与交流．。

第一部分2100个基础词汇Aa / an art. 一个；每一（个）about ad. 大【联想词】approximately 近似地，大约；some 大约；一些；roughly 大致，大约prep. 关于【联想词】concerning 关于above prep. 在……之上，高于ache v. 痛n. 疼痛across prep. 穿过；在对面ad. 横过，穿过AD n. (A.D.) 公元adult n. 成年人Africa n. 非洲African a. 非洲(人)的n. 非洲人after prep. 在……以后；在……后面conj. 在……后afternoon n.下午，午后again ad. 又，再(次)【联想词】repeatedly 重复地，再三地；again and again 再三地，反复地；time and again 反复地age n. 1. 年龄sixteen years of ~16 岁；at the ~ of 84；2. 时代information ~ 信息时代；a man of middle ~ 中年人；v. 变老，老化As we ~, our brains are contracting. 随着我们年龄增长，大脑在萎缩.ago ad. ……前（从现在算起）10 years ago 十年前aim v. 1. 以……为目标He ~s to be a lawyer. 他的目标是当一名律师. 2. 瞄准~ the gun at the enemy officer 用枪瞄准敌军官n.目标,目的~ in life 人生目标【联想词】objective 目标；客观的；goal 目的，目标；purpose 意图，目的air n. 空气，天空【合成词】air-conditioning n.空调; aircraft n.航空器,飞机; airline n. 航线;航空公司; airlines n. 航空公司;airport n. 机场，航空站all a. 所有的pron. 一切，全部ad. 完全，都almost ad. 几乎，差不多【联想词】nearly 几乎；practically几乎，简直；virtually 几乎，实质上along prep. 沿着along with与……一起already ad. 已，已经also ad. 也；而且although (= though) conj. 尽管，虽然always ad. 永远；总是，一直America n. 美洲；美国among prep. 在……（三者以上）之中，在……（三者以上）中间ancient a. 古代的，古老的and conj. 和，与anger n. (愤)怒，气愤v. 激怒【派生词】angry a. 1. 愤怒的，生气的I was ~ with him for keeping me waiting for a long time. 他让我等了那么长时间，我对他很生气。

在职研究生英语词汇1. On-the-job: 实践中的，工作中的2. Graduate: 毕业生3. Postgraduate: 研究生4. Enrollment: 注册，入学6. Dissertation: 学位论文7. Thesis: 论文8. Research: 研究9. Seminar: 研讨会10. Supervisor: 导师11. Coursework: 课程作业12. Elective: 选修课13. Core curriculum: 核心课程14. Transcript: 成绩单15. Classmate: 同学16. Module: 模块17. Study plan: 学习计划18. Academic advisor: 学术顾问19. Presentation: 演讲，报告21. Virtual classroom: 虚拟课堂22. Assignment: 作业23. Thesis defense: 论文答辩24. Library resources: 图书馆资源25. Capstone project: 结业项目26. Academic integrity: 学术诚信27. Grading system: 分级制度28. Syllabus: 教学大纲29. Research methodology: 研究方法学30. Literature review: 文献综述31. Scholarship: 奖学金32. Degree: 学位33. Graduation ceremony: 毕业典礼34. Professional development: 职业发展35. Alumni: 校友36. Tuition fee: 学费37. Entrance exam: 入学考试38. Academic calendar: 学年历。

2023年在职攻读硕士学位硕士全国联考英语试题英语试卷一Part I Dialogue Communication (15 minutes, 15 points)Section A dialogue communicationDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark you answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. Speaker A: Excuse me, but can you tell us where the conference room is?Speaker B: __________ The conference room is located on the third floor of the hotel.A. Of course, sir.B. Yes, please.C. Right, sir.D. You are welcome.2. Speaker A: __________Speaker B: I’m running a temperature, and feel sick.A. What can I do for you?B. What seems to be the trouble?C. What are you doing these days?D. How long has this been going on?3. Speaker A: Nancy, you look very well.Speaker B: Thank you, Jane. You look wonderful too. Your weekend swimming must have done good to you.Speaker A: ______________A. You think so? That’s encouraging.B. That’s very kind of you.C. Are you serious? Thank you anyway.D. Are you kidding? I don’t believe it.4. Speaker A: It took me ten years to build up my business, and it almost killed me.Speaker B: Well, you know what they say: _________A. There is no smoke without fire.B. Practice makes perfect.C. All roads lead to Rome.D. No pains, no gains.5. Speaker A: Don’t you smoke?Speaker B: ______________A. No. Nothing interests me less than smoking.B. Yes. I have never smoked in my life.C. No. Only once in a while.D. Yes. And I hate others smoking in my face.Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices given and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.6. Woman: I just found out at registration that the creative writing class is full. Now I have to waita whole year to get in.Man: Why don’t you check back after the first week? Somebody might drop it.Question: What does the man suggest the woman should do?A. Make sure the registration office didn’t make a mistake.B. Decide whether to drop the course next week.C. Find out if a place opens up in the course later.D. Take the course next year.7. Woman: I want to talk with Tom now.Man: You can’t do that. He is in a bad mood.Question: Why can’t the woman talk to Tom now?A. Tom is terribly ill.B. Tom is in low spirits.C. Tom is bad-tempered.D. Tom is very nervous.8. Woman: You often complain a lot about your boss. But today you are different.Man: We had a heart-to-heart talk and I saw him new eyes.Question: What does the man mean?A. He saw his boss as a real person for the first time.B. He is now complaining in a different way.C. He has made his boss change his attitude.D. He has changed his opinion of his boss.9. Woman: Maybe we should take the front street this morning. The radio announcer said that thetraffic is very heavy on the freeway.Man: Well, if he says to take the front street, we should go the other way.Question: What does the man think of the radio announcer?A. He’s humorous.B. He makes no mistakes.C. He doesn’t speak clearly.D. He’s unreliable.10. Woman: I didn’t see you at the concert last night. What’s wrong with you?Man: That’s not my cup of tea.Question: What does the man mean?A. He is not fond of concerts.B. He didn’t like the tea at the concert.C. He left early to have some tea with somebody else.D. He doesn’t want to tell the woman why he was not there.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.11. The work has __________ the status of a classic among the composer’s admirers.A. requiredB. acquiredC. inquiredD. inspired12. Some people think they can read a man’s ________ from his handwriting.A. attributeB. featureC. propertyD. character13. The young heir was so _______ that he gave all his money away in a couple of years.A. handsomeB. genuineC. talentedD. generous14. Only by understanding the Web deeply _______ hope for people to grasp its full potential.A. can there beB. can be thereC. be there canD. there can be15. What you’re _______ to read may challenge your assumptions about the kind of world we livein.A. aroundB. aheadC. aboveD. about16. The goal is to use crops, weeds and even animal waste _______ the petroleum that fuels muchof American manufacturing.A. in terms ofB. in favor ofC. in spite ofD. in place of17. The _______ he said it he knew what a mistake he had made.A. momentB. timeC. occasionD. hour18. I ________ rather solve the problems in my farm myself than seek the help of other people.A. shouldB. shallC. wouldD. will19. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the _______ that its disadvantagesare far greater than its advantages.A. solutionB. conclusionC. answerD. attention20. By the time you have completed the essential training, you _____ exposed to virtually everynew feature of the course.A. will have beenB. will beC. would have beenD. would be21. Too often teachers’_______ with parents involve complaints about children’s misbehaviorsand laziness.A. acquaintancesB. associationsC. conferencesD. consultations22. _________ I admit that the problems are difficult, I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.A. WhenB. WhereC. WhileD. Why23. He should _______ be allowed to get up until he has completely recovered from his illness.A. in caseB. in any caseC. in that caseD. in no case24. If nature does not provide man with the necessary material, it is the laboratory ________ hewill turn to for it.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. what25. All flights ________ because of the snowstorm, they decided to take the train.A. were cancelledB. have been cancelledC. had been cancelledD. having been cancelled26. I really appreciate ________ to help me, but I am sure that I can manage by myself.A. you to comeB. that you comeC. your comingD. how you come27. A new system of quality control was _________to overcome the shortcomings in the firm’sproducts.A. investedB. informedC. introducedD. instructed28. It may be worthwhile at this moment to_____ and see what results we have got after oneyear’s experiments.A. look backB. look aroundC. look upD. look forward29. I don’t think Mr. Watson will come here again today. Please give the ticket to ________ comeshere first.A. whomeverB. whomC. whoD. whoever30. Far too many owners of electric appliances have a hard time ____ qualified repairmen to fixtheir machines.A. findingB. to findC. to findingD. having foundPart III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. Passage OneDon't have time to read anymore? Now you can get free, quick literature via email. More than 100,000 people open their email each day to read a chapter of a book, through Chapter-A-Day, an online book club created two years ago. It's a free email service that provides a short daily reading for busy people, exposing them to literature they may not find on their own, inspiring some to recommit to the reading habit. About 550 public library systems representing over 3,000 branch libraries already have signed up to offer Chapter-A-Day. Via email, participants get about five minutes' worth of reading every day. After three chapters are emailed, the installments stop, and those who want to keep reading can borrow the book at their public library or purchase it online. Chapter-A-Day has eight free book clubs, and sells thousands of books each month.Chapter-A-Day started in 1999 when Suzanne Beecher, a lifelong book lover, realized howmany of the women who worked part-time for her software development company didn't have time in their busy lives to read. She decided to type part of a chapter of a book, and send it to her employees through email. The next day she typed a little more, and continued to send literary installments each day. She says she started getting feedback from the staff about how reading made them feel. “They were interested, and realized that, though they didn't have time in their busy lives for reading, just reading that little bit each day got them back in the habit.” Realizing that many other people could benefit, she decided to take the idea even further and start an email “chapter-a-day” b ook club to help others ease their way back into daily reading. “Reading makes changes in people's lives,” Beecher says.Pat Dempsey, a librarian at a public library in Ohio, has found Chapter-A-Day helps her library clients get back in the habit of r eading. “It's a different way to get people hooked on books,” she says.31. Chapter-A-Day is intended to help people _______.A. get back into the habit of readingB. relieve stress from office workC. find interesting books onlineD. buy books more conveniently32. The passage was written in ___________.A. 1999B. 2023C. 2023D. 202333. It can be inferred that through Chapter-A-Day _________.A. public libraries have become crowded with readersB. Ms Beecher made much money for her software companyC. people begin to read very slowly and patientlyD. people cannot finish reading any book online34. The word “installment” in the passage probably means “ ________. ”A. a library emailB. a rare piece of literatureC. a free novelD. a part of a book35. Ms Beecher decided to expand her Chapter-A-Day service because_____.A. over 3, 000 libraries had joinedB. many other people could benefitC. eight book clubs supported herD. free email service was availablePassage TwoChicago Public Schools are going to great lengths to hire teachers—now the school district recruits teachers from other countries to help solve a shortage of teachers. It all started in 1999, when Rouses Hannon, a math and physics teacher from Palestine(巴勒斯坦), visited Chicago. He read about the teacher shortage at Chicago Public Schools and asked the school board if they’d hire him. The board was interested and decided to create a special program for foreign-born teachers like Hannon, and he was the first teacher hired.The program is called the Global Educator Outreach or GEO, and it’s a partnership between Chicago Public Schools and the U. S. Government. Because the teacher shortage in Chicago is so extreme, the Government allows the school district to temporarily hire foreign teaching candidates using HI-B visas. The Government grants these visas only to skilled foreign-born citizens so they can work in highly specialized jobs that can’t be filled with available U. S. workforce.Through the GEO, the school district has hired dozens of teachers from 22 different countries. Applicants must pass an English language test and specialize in math, science, world language or bilingual(双语旳) education. Hannon and the first GEO teachers started in the classroom at the beginning of the 2023-2023 school year.What do the GEO teachers think of the American classroom? Hannon, who was hired to teach math at Gage Park High School, says classrooms in Chicago are very different from those in Palestine. For one thing, he says, the fixed schedule that forces students to attend the same classes at the same time each day becomes too dull. In Palestine, the class schedule changes each week. He says in Palestine, the culture forces students to work hard because if they don’t they’ll be kicked out and put in vocational schools, which limits their career options. There is not nearly as much pressure for American students to do well. He says he has to do double the amount of work just to get his students interested.36. Chicago Public Schools began to employ foreign teachers because_____.A. there were not enough American teachersB. a program for foreign teachers was startedC. the school board was interested in foreign teachersD. foreign teachers taught better than American teachers.37. The American Government is involved in the program because _______.A. the schools are public schoolsB. the Government is to finance the programC. the Government grants visas to the foreign teachersD. the program involves bilingual education38. It seems that the Global Educator Outreach will_____.A. be difficult to continueB. last a limited period of timeC. pose a threat to US workforceD. be extended to other cities39. Chicago Public Schools do not seem to lack teachers of _______.A. EnglishB. mathC. scienceD. world language40. Hannon, as a GEO teacher, has found that _______.A. class schedules in America and Palestine are very much the sameB. fixed class schedules make it easy for teachers to prepare lessonsC. vocational schools offer a good career option for American studentsD. American students do not work as hard as Palestinian students Passage ThreeWorkforce is defined as the total number of people who are available to work and earn incomes. The definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment, so it includes employers and the self-employed.Although the size of the workforce depends a great deal on the size of the total population, there are several other influences which also affect it. The age distribution of the total population has a very marked effect on the available workforce. If the population has a high proportion of very young people or of those too old to work, then the available workforce would be lower than if there were an evenly spread age distribution. If the population grows rapidly from natural increase, i.e., the number of births greatly exceeds the number of deaths, then as the total population increases, the proportion in the workforce declines.Sometimes a population is described as aging, which means that the birth rate is either falling or growing very slowly, and as people retire from the workforce, there are not enough young people entering it to replace those who are leaving it. The population is top-heavy with older people. So the percentage of the population in the workforce declines when there is either a rapid increase in births or a falling birth rate.The age distribution of the population has several important effects on the economy. If the population is aging and there is an increase in the number of people retiring without a corresponding increase in the number entering the workforce, this raises the problem of the ability of the economy to provide a reasonable level of social services to the retired group. If the aged are to be cared for in special homes or hotels, finances must be available for that purpose. If the size of the workforce is small relative to the total population, then the government tax receipts arerelatively low and either the government has less money available to it or the workforce members have to be taxed more heavily.41. Workforce is composed of _________.A. both the employed and the self-employedB. people employed to work for othersC. both employers and employeesD. people available to work and earn incomes42. The factor that does not influence the size of the workforce is _______.A. the size of the total populationB. the age distribution of a populationC. the national economyD. the natural population growth43. It can be concluded from Paragraph 2 that ________.A. a population growth leads to a greater proportion of workforceB. a large population does not necessarily mean a high proportion of workforceC. the size of the aged determines the proportion of workforceD. the proportion of the very young determines the size of workforce44. The size of the workforce declines when ________.A. many people reach the retiring ageB. the birth rate falls rapidlyC. the number of retirees exceeds that of new workersD. the death rate increases45. The last paragraph focuses on _______.A. the factors that influence the workforce structureB. the importance of workforce distribution to the economyC. the relationship between age distribution and economyD. the influence of population growth on the national economyPassage FourHonesty is the best policy, as the English saying goes. Unfortunately, honesty often deserts us when no one is watching, British psychologists reported last week.Researchers at UK’s Newcastle University set up an experiment in their psychology depar tment’s coffee room. They set a kettle, with tea, coffee and milk on the counter and hung up a sign listing the prices for drinks. People helping themselves to a cup of drink were supposed to put a few cents in the box nearby. The scientists hung a poster above the money box, and it changed each week between images of gazing eyes and pictures of flowers. The researchers found that staff paid 2.76 times more for their drinks when the image of the eyes was hung. “Frankly we were shocked by the size of the effect,” said Gilbert Roberts, one of the researchers.Eyes are known to be a powerful perceptual(感官旳) signal for humans. “Even though the eyes were not real, they still seemed to make people behave more honestly,” said Melissa Bateson,a behavioral biologist and leader of the study.Researchers believe the effect sheds light on our evolutionary past. It may arise from behavioral features that developed when early humans formed social groups to strengthen their chances of survival. For social groups to work, individuals had to co-operate, rather than act selfishly. “There’s an argument that if nobody is watching us, it is in our interests to behave selfishly. But when we’re being watched we should behave better. So people see us as co-operative and behave the same way towards us,” Bateson said.The new finding indicates that people have a striking response to eyes. That might be because eyes and faces send a strong biological signal we have evolved to respond to. The finding could be put to practical use, too. For example, images of eyes could increase ticket sales on public transport and improve supervision systems to prevent antisocial behavior.46. The experiment conducted in Newcastle University shows that ________.A. people enjoy free drinks more than paid onesB. most people are dishonest if nobody is watchingC. people like pictures of flowers more than pictures of eyesD. people are more honest when watched by pictures of eyes47. Gilbert Roberts was shocked because _______ _.A. so many people had participated in the experimentB. so many of the participants were dishonestC. the effects of the pictures of flowers and gazing eyes were so differentD. the effects of eyes and other perceptual signals were so powerful48. The phrase “sheds light on” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”.A. hints atB. makes clearerC. points toD. further proves49. According to the passage, early humans _________.A. were less selfish than the present-day peopleB. were more co-operative in natureC. had to be co-operative to surviveD. had to behave better than the present-day people50. Images of eyes could be put up in the following places EXCEPT _________.A. subway entrancesB. supermarketsC. back streetsD. hotel bedroomsPart IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.German zoologist Randolf Menzel says bees aren’t as busy as people believe they are. “Bees are not particularly ___51___. Instead they sleep a lot and are lazy. They spend ___52___ 80 percent of the night sleeping. Even during the day they often fly to the nest ___53___ they rest their wings,” said Menzel, a zoologist at the Free University in Berlin, who has studied bees forfour decades. But to ___54___ for their apparent laziness, they are actually very intelligent. They are ___55___ learners and able to recognize various smells.Menzel said bees’ learning, like ___56___ of many animals, was based on a reward system. “If a bee is rewarded once for something, it remembers it for a week. But if it is rewarded three times, it will remember it for its ___57___ lifetime,” said Menzel who, last week, was awarded a ___58___ by the German Zoological Society.The memory capacity of bees means they can ___59___ among more than 50 different smells to find the one they want. “What is interesting is that what smells good to a bee, is also a ___60___ smell for humans,” said Menzel.51. A. working hard B. hard working C. hardly working D. working hardly52. A. as to B. as much C. up to D. such as53. A. what B. to which C. in that D. where54. A. compensate B. provide C. search D. account55. A. rapid B. swift C. speedy D. quick56. A. those B. which C. that D. what57. A. full B. integrated C. all D. entire58. A. prize B. praise C. price D. pride59. A. discriminate B. distinguish C. divide D. derive60. A. sickening B. pleasant C. harsh D. graceful英语试卷二Part V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.Each year in the United States more people are killed or injured in accidents—at home, at work or school, at play, or while traveling—than were killed or injured in the Vietnam war. In the early 1990s, about half of these accidental deaths were the result of motor-vehicle accidents. Other major causes of accidental deaths were falls, fires, and poisoning. On a worldwide basis, accidents involving motor vehicles are the primary cause of accidental deaths, followed by accidents in industry and in the home.Efforts to lessen or to eliminate the hazardous conditions that cause accidents are known as safety measures. Safety is a growing concern around the world, and safety skills are being taken more seriously today than ever before. People have came to realize that safety skills can be learned, and most safety experts agree that it is possible to predict, and take steps to prevent, the majority of accidents. Few accidents simply “happen”. Most are caused by ignorance, carelessness, neglect, or lack of skill.Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words about the topic “On the Significance of the Qing-Zang Railroad”. Your composition should be based on the Chinese clues given below.青藏铁路于今年7月1日通车。

aart.一(个)；每一(个)；(同类事物中)任一个anart.一(个)；每一(个)；(同类事物中)任一个abandonvt.放弃，抛弃，离弃abilityn.能力，才能，才干ablea.有能力；有本事的，能干的aboardad./prep.在船(车、飞行器)上；上船(车等) abortionn.流产，堕胎；夭折aboutprep.关于，对于；在…周围ad.附近；大约aboveprep.在…之上，超过a.上面的ad.在上面abroadad.国外，海外；传开absencen.缺席；缺乏，缺少absenta.(from)缺席的；缺乏的；漫不经心的absolutea.绝对的，完全的absorbvt.吸收；吸引，使专心，使全神贯注abusevt./n.滥用，虐待；辱骂n.陋习，弊端academica.学院的；学术的，理论的academyn.高等学校，专科学校；学会，研究院acceptvt.接受，领受；认可，同意vi.同意，认可acceptablea.可接受的；合意的，受欢迎的acceptancen.接受，接纳；承认，认可accessn.通路；访问vt.访问；存取accidentn.事故；意外的事，偶然的事accidentala.偶然的，意外的accompanyv.陪伴，伴随；伴奏accomplishv.完成，实现，达到accordingad.按照，根据according toprep.按照，根据accountn.帐，账户；说明，叙述vi.(for)解释accuratea.正确的，精确的accusevt.(of)谴责；指控，告发accustomvt.(to)适应，使习惯accustomeda.(to)惯常的，习惯的achen./vi.疼痛，酸痛achievevt.完成，达到；获得achievementn.成就，成绩；完成，达到acida.酸的，酸性的n.酸acquirevt.获得，取得；学到(知识等)；养成(习惯) acquisitionn.取得，获得；获得物，增添的人(物) acren.英亩acrossad./prep.横越，横断prep.在…的对面actn.行为；幕；法令v.行动；起作用；表演actionn.行动；作用activea.活动的，活跃的；积极的，主动的activistn.活动分子，积极分子activityn.活动，活跃；行动actorn.男演员；行动者actressn.女演员actuala.事实上的，实际的actuallyad.实际上adn.广告(=advertisement)adaptvt.(to)使适应，使适合；改写，改编adaptationn.适应；改编addvt.加；增加(进)；进一步说/写vi.(to)增添additionn.加，加法；附加部分，增加(物) addressn.地址vt./n.致词，讲话vt.致函；写地址adequatea.足够的，充分的adjustv.调整，调节；校准vi.(to)适应于administrationn.管理；行政，行政机关，政府admirationn.赞美，羡慕，钦佩admirevt.羡慕，赞赏，钦佩admissionn.准许进入，准许加入；承认，供认；入场费，入场券admitvt.允许进入；承认；接纳，招收adoptvt.收养；采用，采纳；通过adulta.成年的，成熟的n.成年人advancevt.促进；提高vi.前进，进展n.进展；预付advanced a.先进的，高级的advantagen.优点，有利条件；利益，好处adventuren.冒险，惊险活动；奇遇advertisevt.做广告(=advertize)advertisementn.广告；做广告，登广告advicen.忠告，意见advisablea.明智的，可取的advisevt.忠告，劝告；建议aeroplanen.(英)飞机(=airplane)aerospacea.航天的，太空的；宇宙空间的n.宇宙空间affairn.事，事情，事件；(pl.)事务，事态affectvt.影响，作用；感动；(疾病)侵袭affectionn.慈爱，爱；感情；作用，影响affordvt.提供，给予；供应得起afraida.怕的，害怕的；惊恐的，担心的African.非洲Africana.非洲(人)的n.非洲人afterprep./conj.在…以后ad.以后，后来afternoonn.下午，午后againad.再，再次；又，重新againstprep.对；反对，违反；靠(近)；和…对比agen.年龄；时代vi.变老agencyn.代理(处)，代办(处)agendan.议事日程，记事册agentn.代理人，经办人agoad.以前，…前agreevi.同意，赞同；适合，一致；商定，约定agreementn.同意，一致；协议，协定，契约agriculturala.农业的agriculturen.农业aheadad.前头，在前，向前aidn.援助，救护；助手，辅助物vi.援助，救援aimn.目标vi.(at)旨在；瞄准，针对vt.瞄准airn.空气，大气；天空v.晾干；使通气aircraftn.飞机，飞行器airlinen.(飞机的)航线；航空公司airplanen.(美)飞机airportn.飞机场alarmn.惊恐；警报(器) vt.惊动，惊吓；向…报警alcoholn.酒精，乙醇；含酒精的饮料alikea.相同的，相似的alivea.活着的；活跃的，活泼的alla.全部的；非常的ad.完全地，很pron.全部allowvt.允许，准许；承认；给予vi.(for)考虑到allowancen.津贴；零用钱almostad.几乎，差不多alonea./ad.单独，独自ad.仅仅，只alongprep.沿着ad.向前aloudad.大声地，响亮地alphabetn.字母表alreadyad.已，已经alsoad.也，同样；而且，还altervt.改变，变更althoughconj.尽管，虽然，即使altituden.(尤其指海拔)高度；高处，高地altogetherad.完全，总之，全部aluminumn.铝(=aluminium)alwaysad.总是，一向；始终，永远amazev.使惊愕，使惊叹amazinga.令人惊讶的，令人吃惊的ambitionn.野心，雄心；抱负，志向ambitiousa.有雄心的，有抱负的；热望的ambulancen.救护车(船、飞机等)American.美洲；美国Americana.美国(人)的；美洲(人)的n.美国(洲)人amongprep.在…之中，在…之间(=amongst)amountvi.(to)合计，相当于n.数额，数量；总数amusevt.逗乐，使开心；给…提供娱乐analysisn.分析，解析analyzevt.分析，解析(=analyse)ancestorn.祖宗，祖先anchorn.锚v.抛锚，停泊ancienta.古代的，古老的andconj.和，与，及；那么，则angeln.天使，守护神angern.气愤，愤怒vt.激怒，使生气，使发怒anglen.角，角度；(看问题的)角度，观点angrya.生气的，发怒的，愤怒的animaln.动物，野兽，牲畜a.动物的，野兽的anklen.踝，踝关节anniversaryn.周年纪念(日)announcev.宣布，通告announcern.宣告者，广播员，报幕员annoyvt.使烦恼，使生气；打搅annuala.每年的，年度的n.年刊，年鉴anothera.另一，再一；别的pron.另一个answerv.回答，答复n.回答，答复；答案antarctica.南极(区)的n.(the A-)南极洲，南极圈antennan.天线anxietyn.焦虑，挂念，担心；渴望，热望anxiousa.焦虑的，担心的；急于(得到的)，渴望的anya.一些；任何的pron.任何一个，无论哪个anybodypron.某人；无论谁；任何人anyhowad.不管怎样；不管以什么方法；总之anyone=anybodyanythingpron.任何事；无论什么东西(事情) anyway=anyhowanywheread.无论哪里；(用于否定、疑问等)任何地方apartad.分离，隔开；相距，相隔apologizevi.(=apologise)(to,for)道歉，认错，谢罪apologyn.道歉，歉意apparatusn.装置，器械；仪器，设备apparenta.明显的；表面的apparentlyad.显然appealvi.请求；吸引；上诉n.呼吁；吸引力；上诉appearvi.出现，出场，问世；好像是appearancen.出现，出场，露面；外表，外观appetiten.食欲，胃口；爱好，嗜好；欲望applen.苹果appliancen.用具，设备；器械；装置applicantn.申请者applicationn.申请，申请书；运用，应用applyvi.(for)申请vt.(to)运用，应用appointvt.任命，委派；约定(时间、地点等) appointmentn.约定，约见；任命，委派appreciatevt.评价，鉴别；欣赏，赏识；感谢，感激approachv.接近vt.处理，对待n.走进；方法；观点appropriatea.恰当的，适当的approvaln.同意，赞同；批准，认可approvev.(of)赞成，赞许，同意；批准，审议，通过approximatea.大致的，近似的Apriln.四月Arabn.阿拉伯人a.阿拉伯的Arabiann.阿拉伯人a.阿拉伯(人)的Arabicn.阿拉伯语archaeologyn.考古学architecturen.建筑学；建筑式样；结构，构造arctica.北极的n.(the A-)北极arean.地区；面积；范围，领域argue vi.辩论，争论vt.辩论，论证；说服，劝说argumentn.辩论；争论；论点，论据arisevi.出现，发生；(from)由…引起(产生) arithmeticn.算术armn.手臂，臂状物；(pl.)武器vt.武装，装备armyn.军队，军；大批，大群aroundad.周围；到处；大约prep.在…周围，围着arousevt.唤起，激起arrangevt.安排，筹备；整理，布置arrangementn.整理，布置；安排，准备工作arrestvt./n.逮捕，拘捕，拘留arrivaln.到来，到达；到达者arrivevi.到达，到来；(at)达成，得出arrown.箭；箭状物；箭头号artn.艺术，美术；技术，技艺；(pl.)人文学科articlen.文章，论文；物件，物品；条款；冠词artificiala.人工的，人造的；人为的，做作的artistn.艺术家，美术家artistica.艺术(家)的，美术(家)的(=artistical)asconj.当…时候；如…一样；由于prep.作为ashn.灰，灰烬ashameda.惭愧的，羞愧的，害臊的Asian.亚洲Asiann.亚洲人a.亚洲(人)的asidead.在旁边；到/向一边askv.问，询问；要求，请求；邀请，约请asleepa.睡着的aspectn.样子，面貌；(问题、事物等的)方面assemblevt.集合，集会；装配，组装vi.聚集，集会assemblyn.集会，会议；装配，组装assessvt.估计，估算；评估，评价，评定assetn.(pl.)资产(产)；有用的资源；优点，益处assignvt.派给，分配；选定，指定(时间、地点等) assignmentn.分配，指派；(指定的)作业，(分派的)任务assistvi.帮助，援助assistancen.帮助，援助assistanta.助手的，辅助的n.助手，助理；助教associatevt.联系；联合vi.交往n.合作人；同事associatevt.联系；联合vi.交往n.合作人；同事associationn.协会，团体；交往；联合，合伙assumevt.设想，假定；假装；承担assumptionn.假定，臆断；担任，承担assurevt.使确信；向…保证astonishvt.使惊讶，使吃惊astronaut n.宇航员，太空人astronomyn.天文学atprep.在，于；当；队，向，朝；以athleten.运动员，运动选手Atlantica.大西洋的n.(the A-)大西洋atmospheren.空气；大气，大气层；气氛atmospherica.大气的，空气的，大气层的atomn.原子atomica.原子的，原子能的attachvt.贴上，系上，附上；使依附attackvt./n.攻击，进攻，抨击；(病)发作attemptn./vt.试图，努力attendvt.出席；参加；照顾vi.(to)注意；专心于attentionn.注意，注意力，留意attituden.态度，看法attorneyn.律师，(业务或法律事务上的)代理人attractv.吸引，招引，引诱attractionn.吸引，吸引力attractivea.有吸引力的；有魅力的，动人的attributevt.(to)把…归因于n.属性，特征attributevt.(to)把…归因于n.属性，特征auctionn./vt.拍卖audiencen.听众，观众audion./a.音频(响)(的)；声音(的)，听觉(的) Augustn.八月auntn.姨母，姑母，伯母，婶母，舅母，阿姨Australian.澳大利亚；澳洲Australiann.澳大利亚人a.澳大利亚的；澳洲的authorn.作者authorityn.权力，权威；权威人士；(pl.)官方，当局auton.(=automobile)(口语)汽车automatica.自动的automobilen.汽车autumnn.秋，秋季auxiliarya.辅助的，备用的availablea.可利用的；可得到的avenuen.大街，林荫道averagen.平均，平均数a.平均的；平常的，普通的avoidvt.避免，逃避awakevt.唤醒，唤起vi.醒来；醒悟a.醒着的awardvt.授予，奖给n.奖，奖品awarea.知道的，意识到的awayad.离开，远离awfula.糟糕的，极坏的awfully ad.很，非常awkwarda.粗笨的，笨拙的；尴尬的，棘手的axn.斧子(=axe)axisn.轴babyn.婴儿，孩子bachelorn.学士；单身汉backn.背面；后部a.后面的ad.向后vt.使后退backgroundn.背景；经历backwarda.向后的；落后的ad.向后地，倒，逆backwardsa.向后的；落后的ad.向后地，倒，逆bacterian.(pl.)细菌bada.坏的；有害的；低劣的；臭的；严重的bagn.袋，提包，背包baggagen.行李balancevt.使平衡n.平衡；差额，结余；天平，称balln.球，球状物；(正规的)大型舞会balloonn.气球bananan.香蕉bandn.条，带；(军)乐队；一群，一伙；波段bankn.银行；堤，岸bankern.银行家bankrupta.破产的vt.使破产n.破产者barn.棍，横木，闩；酒吧barbern.理发师barea.赤裸的，光秃的，空的；极少的，仅有的bargainn.交易；便宜货v.讨价还价barkvi.吠；叫骂n.树皮；吠声barreln.桶；枪管，炮管barriern.障碍，屏障；栅栏basen.基(础)，底(座)；基地vt.(on)以…为基础baseballn.棒球，棒球运动basica.基本(础)的，根本的；主要的n.基础(本) basicallyad.基本地，根本地basinn.盆，脸盆；盆地basisn.基础，基底；根据，基准basketn.篮子，篓basketballn.篮球(运动)bathn.洗澡，沐浴；浴缸，浴盆，浴池bathevt./vi.(在河、海、湖、游泳池里)洗澡，游泳；洗，浸，泡batteryn.电池(组)battlen.战斗，战役，斗争vi.战斗，战争，搏斗bayn.海湾bevi.是，就是，等于；在，存在beachn.海滩，海滨beamvi.发光，发热n.一束；一道横梁beann.豆，菜豆bearvt.忍受，容忍；负荷，负担；生育n.熊bearvt.忍受，容忍；负荷，负担；生育n.熊beardn.胡须beastn.兽，牲畜；凶残的人beatv./n.打，敲；打败，战胜；跳动n.节拍beautifula.美的，美丽的beautyn.美，美丽；美人，美丽的事物becauseconj.因为becomevi.成为，变成bedn.床，床位；苗圃，花坛；河床，海底been.蜜蜂beefn.牛肉beern.啤酒beforeprep.在…前面conj.在…之前ad.从前begv.乞讨；请求，恳求beggarn.乞丐，穷人beginv.开始，着手beginningn.开始，开端；起源，起因behalfn.代表，利益behavev.行为，举止，举动，表现behaviorn.行为，举止(=behaviour)behindprep.在…后面，落后于ad.在后，落后beingn.存在，生存；存在物，生物，人beliefn.相信；信仰，信条，信念believevt.相信；认为vi.相信；信任；信奉belln.铃，钟belongvi.(to)属，附属；归类于beloveda.心爱的belowprep.在…下面，在…以下ad.在下，向下beltn.带，腰带benchn.长凳，条凳；工作台；台，座bendn.弯曲，曲折处vt.折弯，使屈曲beneathprep.在…下方，在…之下ad.在下方beneficiala.有益的，有利的benefitn.利益，恩惠vt.有利于，受益于vi.得益于benta.弯曲的besideprep.在…旁边，在…附近；和…相比besidesprep.除…之外ad.而且，还有besta.最好的ad.最，最好betn.打赌；赌注vt.以/与…打赌vi.(打)赌bettera.较(更)好的ad.更好vt.改良，改善betweenprep.在…中间，在…之间ad.当中，中间beyondprep.在…以外；超出，超过ad.在那边Biblen.圣经bicyclen.自行车bidvt./n.投标，(拍卖时的)出价biga.大的，重的；重要的，重大的bike=bicyclebilln.帐单；票据；纸币；提案billionn.(美)十亿；(英)万亿bindvt.绑，包扎；束缚biologicala.生物学的biologyn.生物学birdn.鸟，禽birthn.出生，诞生；出身，血统；起源；出现birthdayn.生日biscuitn.饼干bitn.一片，一点，一些bitev.咬，叮n.叮，咬；一口bittera.苦味的；痛苦的；严寒的blacka.黑(色)的；黑暗的n.黑(色)；黑暗；黑人blackboardn.黑板bladen.刀片，刀刃；叶片；翼，浆叶blamevt.责备，怪，怨；把…归咎于n.责任；责备blanka.空白的；茫然的n.空白；空白表格blanketn.毯子，毛毯blastn.一阵(风)；爆炸，爆破vt.炸掉；摧毁bleedvi.出血，流血blinda.盲的，瞎的；盲目的vt.使失明；蒙蔽blockn.大块(石料等)；街区；阻塞物vt.阻塞bloodn.血，血液；血统，血亲bloodya.非常的，该死的；流血的，血腥的；残忍的ad.非常，很vt.血染bloomn.花；开花期vi./n.开花；繁荣，兴旺blowvi.吹，吹气，打气；爆炸，爆裂n.打，打击bluea.蓝色的；脸色发灰的；忧郁的n.蓝色boardn.板，木板，纸板；董事会vt.上船/车/飞机boastvi.(of/about)夸耀vt.吹嘘n.自吹自擂boatn.船，小船bodyn.身体，躯体；主体；物体；尸体；一群/批boilvi.沸腾vt.煮沸bolda.勇敢的；冒失的；醒目的；(线、字等)粗的boltn.霹雳；插销；螺栓vt.闩门，关窗，拴住bomb n.炸弹vt.投弹，轰炸bondn.契约，债券，公债；联结，联系bonen.骨，骨骼bookn.书，书籍；手册；卷，册vt.预定(票等) boomv./n.(发出)隆隆声；繁荣，兴隆起来bootn.靴子boothn.电话亭；货摊bordern.边缘；边界，边境vi.交界；与…相似borevt.使厌烦；钻洞，打眼n.令人讨厌的人/物boringa.令人厌烦的n.钻孔borna.出生的；天生的，生来的borrowvt.借，借用bossn.上司，老板，头儿botha.两，双pron.二者，双方bothervt.打扰，麻烦vi.担心，烦恼n.烦恼，焦急bottlen.瓶子bottomn.底，底部bounda.必定，注定；受约束的；开往boundaryn.界线，边界bown.弓，弓形vi./n.鞠躬，点头bown.弓，弓形vi./n.鞠躬，点头bowln.碗，钵boxn.盒子，箱子vi.拳击；打耳光boxn.盒子，箱子vi.拳击；打耳光boxingn.拳击boyn.男孩；儿子brainn.大脑，脑髓；(pl.)心智，智力braken.闸，刹车，制动器v.刹车branchn.枝，树枝；分支；分科brandn.商标，(商品的)牌子bravea.勇敢的，英勇的braveryn.大胆，勇敢；缺口，裂口vt.破坏，违反；突破，打破breadn.面包breadthn.宽度breakvt.打破；中止；违反vi.破(裂) n.休息时间breakfastn.早饭，早餐breastn.胸脯，乳房breathn.呼吸，气息breathev.吸入，呼吸breedvt.生殖，繁殖；生产，饲养n.品种，种类breezen.微风，和风brickn.砖，砖状物briden.新娘bridgen.桥，桥梁；桥牌briefa.简短的，简洁的；短暂的vt.简单介绍brighta.明亮的；快活的，美好的；聪明的；鲜艳的brillianta.辉煌的，灿烂的；杰出的，有才华的bringv.拿来，带来；产生，引起；使处于某种状态Britainn.不列颠(英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰的总称)，英国Britisha.(大)不列颠(人)的；英国(人)的n.英国人broada.宽，广，广阔；宽宏，豁达broadcastn./v.广播，播音bronzen.青铜；铜像a.青铜色的brothern.兄弟；同胞brown.(pl.)眉，眉毛brownn./a.棕色(的)，褐色(的)browsev./n.浏览brushvt.刷n.毛刷，刷子；画笔bubblen.泡，水泡，气泡vi.冒泡，起泡，沸腾bucketn.吊桶，水桶budgetn.预算vi.做预算，编入预算buildvt.修建，建造；建立buildingn.建筑物，大楼bulkn.容积，体积；大块，大批；大部分，主体bulletn.子弹，枪弹bunchn.一串，一束bundlen.包，捆，束burdenn.担子，重担，负担；负荷；义务，责任bureaun.司，局，处，部，社，所，署burnv.燃烧；烧毁v./n.烧伤，灼伤burstvi./n.爆炸，破裂vi.(into)突然发生(发作) buryvt.埋，安葬busn.公共汽车bushn.灌木，灌木丛businessn.生意，业务；事务，职责；行业busya.忙，忙碌的；热闹的，繁忙的；(电话)占线butconj.但是prep.除…之外ad.仅仅，只butchern.屠夫，卖肉者buttern.黄油，奶油butterflyn.蝴蝶buttonn.扣子；按钮vt.扣，扣紧buyvt.买，购买byprep.靠近；被；经；通过ad.在旁，经过byeint.再见cabn.出租车cabbagen.卷心菜，甘蓝cabinn.船舱，机舱；小木屋cabinetn.橱柜；内阁cablen.缆，索；电缆；海底电报cagen.笼，鸟笼caken.饼，糕，蛋糕calciumn.钙calculatevt.计算，推算；推测，估计；打算，计划calculatorn.计算器calendarn.日历，月历callv./n.叫做；叫，招呼；访问；号召；打电话calmv.(使)镇静(定) a.平静，镇静n.平静cameln.骆驼cameran.照相机，摄影机，摄像机campn.营地，野营，帐篷vi.宿营，设营campaignn.战役；运动campusn.(大学)校园canaux.v.能；可能；可以n.罐头；易拉罐canaux.v.能；可能；可以n.罐头；易拉罐Canadan.加拿大Canadiana.加拿大(人)的n.加拿大人canaln.运河；渠cancelvt.取消，撤销；删去cancern.癌，肿瘤candidaten.候选人；投考者；求职者candlen.蜡烛candyn.(美)糖果capn.便帽，军帽；帽状物capabilityn.能力，才能；性能，容量capablea.能干的，有能力的，有才能的capacityn.容量，容积；能量；能力；接受力capitaln.首都；资本，资金a.主要的，基本的captainn.首领，队长；船长；陆军上尉，海军上校capturevt.捕获，捉拿；夺取，攻占carn.汽车，车辆，车；(火车)车厢carbonn.碳cardn.卡片，名片；纸片carevi.关心；喜欢n.注意，小心；挂念；照顾careern.专业，职业；生涯，经历carefula.当心的，小心的，仔细的carefullyad.小心地，仔细地carelessa.粗心的，草率的cargon.(船、飞行、车辆装载的)货物carpetn.地毯carriagen.马车，客车，车厢carriern.运载工具；搬运人；携带者carrotn.胡萝卜carryvt.搬运，运送，携带；传送，传播cartoonn.卡通片，动画片；卡通画，漫画casen.情况，事实；案件；病例；箱子，盒子cashn.现金，现款cashiern.收银员，出纳员castvt.投，掷，抛；铸造n.演员表castlen.城堡casuala.随便的；偶然的；临时的catn.猫cataloguen.目录vt.将…编入目录(=catalog) catchvt.捕，捉；赶上；感染，染上病；听清楚categoryn.种类，别，[逻]范畴cattlen.(pl.)牛causevt.引起n.原因，理由；事业，奋斗目标caven.洞，洞穴；窑洞ceilingn.天花板，顶篷celebratevt.庆祝，庆贺celln.细胞；电池；小房间；小牢房Celsiusa.摄氏的cementn.水泥centn.分，分币；(作单位的)百centern.中心，中央v.集中(=centre) centigradea.摄氏温度的centimetern.厘米(=centimetre)centrala.中心的，中央的，中枢的；主要的centuryn.世纪，百年ceremonyn.仪式，典礼；礼仪，礼节certaina.确实的，可靠的；必然的；某一，某些certificaten.证(明)书chainn.链，链条；一连串，连锁chairn.椅子；(会议的)主席chairmann.主席，议长，会长chalkn.白垩，粉笔challengevt.向…挑战n.挑战(书)；艰巨任务，难题chambern.室；议院championn.冠军，优胜者chancen.机会，机遇，运气；可能性，偶然性changev./n.改变，变化vt.换，兑换n.零头channeln.渠道，通道，管道；海峡，水道；频道chaptern.章，回，篇charactern.性格，品质；特性；人物；符号，(汉)字characteristica.特有的，独特的n.特性，特征，特色characterizevt.描绘…的特性，刻划…的性格chargevt.装满；收费；控告；充电n.收费；罪名chartn.图，图表chasev./n.追逐，追赶chatn./vi.聊天，闲谈cheapa.便宜的，廉价的；低劣的，劣质的cheatvt.欺骗，诈取vi.作弊n.欺骗行为；骗子checkvt./n.检查，核对；制止n.支票，帐单cheekn.面颊cheervt.使高兴，使振作v./n.欢呼，喝采cheerfula.高兴的，快乐的cheesen.干酪，奶酪chemicala.化学的n.化学制品/产品/物质/成分chemistn.化学家；(英)药剂师chemistryn.化学chequen.支票，账单(=check)chessn.棋chestn.柜子，橱；胸脯，胸腔chewv.咀嚼chickenn.小鸡，鸡肉chiefn.领袖，首领a.主要的，首要的chieflyad.主要地，首要地childn.儿童，孩子，子女(pl.)children childhoodn.童年，幼年chilln.寒气，凉气；寒战chillya.寒冷的chimneyn.烟囱，烟筒chinn.下巴Chinan.中国chinan.瓷器Chinesea.中国(人)的；汉语的n.中国人；汉语chipn.薄皮，碎片；集成电路块chocolaten.巧克力choicen.选择；选择机会choosevt.挑选，选择chopv.砍，劈，剁碎n.砍，劈，剁；排骨Christn.耶稣，基督Christiann.基督教徒 a.基督教(徒)的Christmasn.圣诞节churchn.教堂；(C-)教会cigaretn.香烟，纸烟(=cigarette)cineman.电影院circlen.圆(周)；圈子；周期v.环绕，盘旋；划圈circuitn.线路，电路circulara.圆形的；循环的circulatev.(使)循环，(使)流通；(使)传播circumstancen.(pl.)环境，情形，条件citizenn.公民，市民，居民cityn.城市，都市civila.国民的，公民的；民间的；国内的；文职的civiliann.平民，百姓a.民间的，民用的；平民的civilizationn.文明，文化(=civilisation)civilizevt.使文明，使开化(=civilise)claimvt.声称，主张；要求n.权力；要求；主张clarifyvi.澄清，阐明vt.使明晰classn.班级，年级；种类，等级，阶级；(一节)课classica.传统的；最优秀的n.(pl.)杰作，名著classicala.古典的，经典的classificationn.分类，分级classifyvt.分类，分级classmaten.同班同学classroomn.教室clausen.(条约等的)条，项；条款；子句，从句clawn.爪clayn.黏土，泥土cleana.干净的，清洁的vt.擦干净，弄清洁cleara.明亮的；晴朗的a./ad.清楚(晰) vt.清除clerkn.职员，店员，办事员clevera.聪明的，伶俐的；机敏的，机巧的clickn.一击clientn.委托人；当事人；顾客cliffn.崖，悬崖，峭壁climaten.气候；风气，社会思潮climbv./n.攀登，爬clinicn.诊所clinicala.门诊的，临床的clockn.钟clonev./n.克隆closev.关闭a.近的；紧密的n.结束ad.接近clothn.布，织物，衣料；(一块)布clothev.给…穿衣clothesn.衣服clothingn.衣服(总称)cloudn.云，云状物cloudya.多云的，阴；似云的；模糊不清的clubn.俱乐部，社；棒，球棒cluen.线索；提示coachn.教练；客车，长途汽车v.训练，辅导coaln.煤，煤块coarsea.粗的，粗糙的，粗劣的；粗鲁的，粗俗的coastn.海岸，海滨coatn.外套，上衣；涂层v.涂上，包上cockn.公鸡，雄鸟；旋塞，开关coden.密码，代码，代号，编码coffeen.咖啡coilv.卷，盘绕n.(一)卷；(一)圈，圈线coinn.硬币，货币colda.冷的，寒冷的；冷淡的n.感冒；寒冷collapsevi./n.倒塌；崩溃collarn.衣袖，领子；(狗的)项圈colleaguen.同事，同僚collectvt.收(税等)，收集vi.聚集，堆积collectionn.收藏，收集；收藏品collectivea.集体的，共同的n.集体；全体人员collegen.大学，学院collidevi.(with)碰撞，抵触collisionn.碰撞；(利益，意见等的)冲突，抵触colonyn.殖民地；(同类人的)聚居地colorn.颜色，色彩；颜料；肤色vt.给…染色colourn.颜色，色彩；颜料；肤色vt.给…染色colourfula.多色的，艳丽的；引人入胜的，丰富多彩的columnn.柱，柱状物；栏，专栏(文章) combinationn.结合，联合combinev.结合，联合；化合comevi.来，来到；出现，产生comfortvt./n.慰问，安慰n.舒适，安逸comfortablea.舒服的，舒适的commandvt./n.命令，指挥n.掌握，运用能力commandern.司令官，指挥官commentv./n.评论，解说commercen.商业，贸易commerciala.商业的，商务的n.商业广告commissionn.委员会，调查团；拥金，酬劳金commitv.犯(罪)，干(错事)committeen.委员会，全体委员commodityn.(pl.)日用品；商品；农/矿产品；有用之物commona.普通的，平常的；共同的，公共的communicatevt.传达，交流，通讯vi.传达，传播communicationn.通讯，通信；交际，交流；传达，传送communismn.共产主义communist n.共产党员a.共产主义的，共产党的communityn.社区companionn.同伴，伴侣companyn.公司，商号；陪伴，同伴comparablea.可比较的，比得上的comparativea.比较的；相当的comparevt.比较，相比，对照comparisonn.比较，对照；比喻，比较关系compelvt.强迫，迫使compensatevt.给…补偿，酬报；给…付工钱；赔偿competevi.比赛，竞赛competenta.有能力的，胜任的competitionn.竞赛，比赛competitorn.竞争对手competitivea.竞争的，比赛的；好竞争的，求胜心切的；(价格等)有竞争力的complainvi.抱怨，诉苦，申诉complaintn.抱怨，怨言；控告completevt.完成，结束a.完全；已完成的；彻底的complexa.复杂的，复合的complicateda.错综复杂的，难懂的componentn.组成部分，成分；部件，元件composevt.写作，作曲；(of)由…组成composern.作曲家，创作者compositionn.写作，作文，乐曲，作品；成分，合成物compoundn.化合物，复合物a.复合的comprehensionn.理解(力)，领悟comprehensivea.有理解力的，理解的；综合的，广泛的computern.计算机concealvt.隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽concentratevt.集中；聚集；浓缩vi.集中，专心concentrationn.专心，专注；集中；浓度conceptn.概念，观念concernn./v.关心，挂念vt.涉及，关系到concerningprep.关于，有关concertn.音乐会，演奏会concludevt.结束，完结；下结论，断定conclusionn.结束，终结，结论；推断，推论concreten.混凝土a.具体的，实质性的condemnvt.谴责，指责；宣判，判刑conditionn.状态，状况；(pl.)环境，情形；条件conditionern.调节装置，空调conductn.行为，品行v.引导，指挥；传电，传热conductn.行为，品行v.引导，指挥；传电，传热conductionn.传导conductorn.导体；列车员，售票员；领队，乐队指挥conferencen.会议，讨论会confidencen.信心；信任confidenta.确信的，有自信的confirmvt.证实；进一步确定；确认，批准conflictn.争论，抵触，冲突vi.抵触，冲突confusevt.使混淆，搞乱confusionn.混淆，搞乱congratulatevt.祝贺，向…贺喜congratulationn.祝贺，恭喜(=congratulations) congressn.代表大会；国会，议会connectvt.连接，联系vi.连接，相通connectionn.连接，联系，关系conquervt.征服，战胜consciencen.良心，道德心consciousa.意识到的；有知觉的；有觉悟的，自觉的consequencen.后果，结果；重要(性)，重要consequenta.作为结果的，随之发生的consequentlyad.因此，所以conservevt.保存，保护；节约，节省；守恒，不灭considervt.考虑，细想；认为，以为；关心，顾及considerablea.值得考虑的；相当的，可观的consideratea.考虑周到的，体谅的considerationn.考虑；要考虑的事；体贴，关心consistvi.(in)在于；(of)由…组成，由…构成consistenta.坚持的，一贯的；(with)一致的，符合的constanta.不断的；始终如一的；坚定的；恒定的constructvt.建设，建造constructionn.建筑，建设；建筑物；<语法>结构，造句consultvt.请教，咨询；查阅；就诊vi.商量，会诊consultantn.顾问consumevt.消费，消耗consumern.用户，消费者contactn./v.接触，联系，交往containvt.容纳，含有，装有；克制，抑制containern.容器，集装箱contentn.(pl.)内容，目录a.满足的，满意的contentn.(pl.)内容，目录a.满足的，满意的contestv./n.竞争，比赛；争论，争辩continentn.大陆，洲continuala.不断的，频繁的continuev.连续，继续continuousa.连续的，继续的，持续的contractn.契约，合同，包工v.定约；收缩；感染contradictionn.反驳；矛盾contrarya.相反的，矛盾的n.反面，相反contrastn./v.对照，对比contrastn./v.对照，对比contributev.捐助，捐献；投稿contributionn.捐助；贡献；捐助之物controlvt./n.控制，操纵；抑制controversiala.争论的；引起争论的；被议论的；可疑的controversyn.争论，辩论conveniencen.便利，方便convenienta.方便的，便利的conventionn.习俗，惯例；(正式)会议，大会；公约conventionala.普通的，常见的；习惯的，常规的conversationn.会话，谈话convertvt.把…改变为，转换，兑换convincevt.使确信，使信服cookv.烹调，煮，烧n.厨师，炊事员coola.凉，凉爽；冷静v.(使)冷却；(使)镇静cooperatevi.合作，协作，相配合coordinatev.(使)协调，调整；(使)互相配合coordinatev.(使)协调，调整；(使)互相配合copevi.(with)对付，应付coppern.铜；铜币；铜制品copyn.抄件，副本；本，册v.抄写；复印；临摹copyrightn.版权，著作权coren.果心；核心，要点cornn.谷物；(美)玉米；(英)小麦cornern.角，角落corporatea.共同的；公司的；法人组织的；社团的corporationn.(大)公司，团体correcta.正确的；恰当的，合适的vt.改正，修改correspondvi.(to)相当；对应；(with)符合；通讯correspondentn.通讯员，记者correspondinga.相应的，相当的；符合的，一致的，相同的corridorn.走廊corrupta.腐化的，贪污的cosmeticn.化妆品a.化妆用的costn.成本，费用，代价v.值，花费costlya.昂贵的，代价高的cottonn.棉花；棉纱，棉织品coughvi./n.咳嗽couldaux.v.[can的过去式]可以，能counciln.理事会，委员会；议事机构counsel n./v.劝告，建议countvt.数，计算；看作，认为vi.计数；指望countern.计数器；柜台a./ad.相反的(地) v.反对countryn.国家；农村，乡间countrysiden.乡下，农村countyn.县，郡couplen.对，双；夫妇couragen.勇气，胆量coursen.过程，进程；(一)道(菜)；课程，教程courtn.法院，法庭；球场；宫殿，朝廷；院子cousinn.堂(表)兄弟或姐妹covervt.盖，覆；包括，涉及n.覆盖物，套，封面cown.母牛，奶牛cowboyn.牛仔；牧童crackn.爆裂声；裂纹，龟裂v.(使)破裂，砸开craftn.技巧，手艺；飞机，飞船crashv./n.摔坏，坠毁crawlvi./n.爬行，慢行crazya.疯狂的，蠢的；(about)着迷的，狂热爱好creamn.奶油；奶油色createvt.创造，创作；产生；制造，建立creativea.有创造力的，创造性的creaturen.生物，动物，人crediblea.可信的，可靠的creditn.信贷；信用；名誉；学分vt.记入贷方creepn.爬，爬行，蠕动vi.爬，蔓延，潜行crewn.全体船员，全体乘务员crimen.罪，罪行，犯罪criminaln.罪犯，刑事犯a.犯罪的，刑事的crisisn.危机；决定性时刻criticn.批评家，评论家criticala.批评的，批判的；危急的，紧要的criticismn.批评，评论criticisevt.批评，评论(=criticize)cropn.农作物，庄稼；收成crossv.越(穿)过；使交叉n.十字形(架) a.交叉的crossingn.横越，横渡；交叉点，渡口crowdn.人群，群众v.挤满，拥挤crowdeda.拥挤的crudea.天然的；未加工的；简陋的；粗鲁的cruela.残酷的，残忍的crushv./n.压碎，榨；压服，压垮crustn.面包皮；外壳cryv./n.叫，喊；哭泣crystaln.水晶，晶体a.水晶的，晶体的；透明的cubica.立体的，立方的；三次的culturen.文化；修养，教养cupn.杯子，奖杯；(一)杯curev./n.治愈，医治n.良药，疗法curiosityn.好奇(心)curiousa.好奇的，爱打听的curln.卷曲，鬈发vt.弄卷vi.卷曲，弯曲currencyn.通货，货币currenta.通用的，流行的n.(水、气、电)流；潮流cursen./v.诅咒，咒骂curtainn.窗帘，幕(布)curven.曲线，弯曲v.(使)弯曲，(使)成曲线cushionn.垫子，坐垫customa.习惯，风俗，惯例；(the Customs)海关customern.顾客，主顾cutv./n.切，剪，割，削；删，缩减n.伤口cyclen.循环，周期；自行车cyclistn.骑自行车(摩托车)的人cylindern.圆柱体；圆筒；汽缸dailya.每日的，日常的ad.每日，天天n.日报dairyn.牛奶场；奶店；乳制品damn.堤，坝damagen.损害，毁坏；(pl.)赔偿金vt.损害，毁坏damnv./n.诅咒dampa.潮湿的dancevi.跳舞n.舞蹈；舞会dangern.危险；威胁dangerousa.危险的，不安全的darevt.敢，竟敢；向…挑战aux.v.胆敢，敢darka.暗，黑暗；深色，黑色n.黑暗，暗处datan.资料，材料databasen.数据库(=databank)daten.日期；年代；约会v.注明日期；约会daughtern.女儿dawnn.黎明，曙光vi.破晓；开始发展dayn.白昼，白天；(一)天daylightn.白昼，日光deada.死的；无感觉的deadlinen.最后期限，截止交稿日期deadlya.致命的，致死的；极有害的deafa.聋的；不愿听的，装聋的dealv.处理，应付；给予n.交易，买卖；契约deara.亲爱的，可爱的；贵的int.啊，哎呀deathn.死，死亡；消亡，毁灭debaten./vt.争论，辩论debtn.债，欠债decaden.十年deceitn.欺骗，欺骗行为，欺诈deceivev.欺骗，蒙骗Decembern.十二月decidev.决定；裁决decisionn.决定，决心；果断declarationn.宣布，宣告；声明；申报declarev.宣告，宣布，声明；断言，宣称；申报declinevi.减少，下降；衰落；婉言拒绝decoratevt.装饰，装璜，布置decreasev./n.减少，减小deedn.行为，行动；功绩，事迹deepa.深的，深刻的；深奥的；深切的ad.深深地deern.鹿defeatvt./n.战胜，挫败defensen.保卫，防御；答辩(=defence)defendvt.防守，保卫；答辩defendantn.被告deficit。

AA,anart.一(个);任何一个;每,每一件abandonv.放弃;抛弃abilityn.能力,智能;才能,才干ablea.有能力的,能干的,显示出才华的 able to inf. 能,会aboardad.在船(飞机,车)上,上船（飞机,车）prep.在（船,飞机,车）上,上（船,飞机,车）abortionn.流产，夭折aboutad.在周围,附近,到处;大约,差不多prep.关于,对于;在…周围,在…附近a.准备be about to+inf.即将aboveprep.在…上面,超过,高于a.上面的,上述的ad.在上面,以上above all首要,尤其abroadad.到国外,在国外;到处absencen.缺席,不在场;缺乏,没有absenta.(from)缺席,不在场;缺乏的漫不经心的absolutea.绝对的,完全的absorbv.吸收;吸收,使专心be absorbed in专心于abusen.滥用，虐待，辱骂；陋习，弊端V 滥用，虐待，辱骂academica.学院的;学术的acceptv.接受,认可;同意,认可acceptablea.可接受的acceptancen.接受,验收;承认,认可accessn.接近,进入;入口,通道,入口;接近（或进入）的方法have/gain access to可以获得accidentn.事故;意外的事,偶然的事by accident偶然accompanyv.陪同,伴随;为…伴奏accomplish v.完成according to按照,根据accountn.账（目,户）;叙述,说明v.说明,解释account for说明（原因等）on account of因为,由于take …into account考虑accuratea.精确的,准确的accusev.（of）控告,谴责accustomeda.惯常的,习惯的be accustomed to习惯于achev.痛n.疼痛,酸痛achievev.完成;达到,达成,获得achievementn. 完成;达到, ,获得acidn.酸a.酸的acquirev.取得,获得;学到acren.英亩acrossprep.横过,穿过;在...对面,与...交叉ad.横过,穿过,横断;宽,阔actv.行动,做事;(on)起作用;表演n.行为,动作;(一)幕;法令,条例actionn.行动,行为;动作,活动;(on)作用activea.有活力的,活跃的,敏捷的,在活动中的activistn.积极分子，活动分子actorn.男演员actressn.女演员actuala.实际的,现实的ActuallyAd.事实上ad=advertisementn.广告adaptv.(to)(使)适应,适合;改编,改写addv.(to)加,增加;补充说,又说add up to合计,总计additionn.(增)加,加法;附加(物)in addition另外in addition to除...之外addressn.地址,通讯处,致词v.致函,写姓名地址;向...讲话adequatea.足够的,充分的,恰当的v.毗连,靠近adjustv.调节,调整,校正)administrationn.管理,经营;行政(机关,部门);政府admirev.钦佩,赞赏,羡慕admitv.让...进入,接纳;承认adoptv.采用,采纳,通过;收养adultn.成(年)人a.成年人的,已成熟的advancev.前进,进展;推进,促进;提出(建议等);提前n.前进,进展;预付,预支in advance提前,预先advanceda. 高级的,先进的,前进的advantagen.优点,长处,有利条件;利益,好处gain/have an advantage over胜过,优于take advantage of利用adventuren.冒险,冒险活动;奇遇advertisev.做广告advertisementn.广告advicen.劝告,忠告,(医生等的)意见advisablen.可取的,适当的advisev.劝告,忠告;建议;通知v.提倡,鼓吹aeroplane/airplanen.飞机aerospacen.太空,宇宙空间affairn.事,事情,事件affectv.影响;感动affectionn.爱,慈爱,感情;影响affordv.担负得起,买得起,花得起(时间);供给,给予afraida.(of)怕,害怕的;恐怕,担心的African.非洲Africana.非洲(人)的n.非洲人afterprep.在…以后,在...后面conj.在...后ad.以后,后来afternoonn.下午,午后againad.又,再(次),重新againstprep.对(着),逆;反对;违反;靠近,倚在;对比agen.年龄;时期,时代v.变老,老化agoad.以前,...前agonyn.苦恼,痛苦agreev.(to,with)同意,赞成;一致,适合agreementn.同意,一致;协定,协议agriculturen.农业aheadad.在前,向前,提前,前头ahead of在...前面,先于aidv.援助,救援,帮助n.援助,救护;助手,辅助物,辅助设备aimv.(at)目的在于,旨在;瞄准,针对 n.目标,目的airn.空气,大气,天空;神气,架子v.使通风in the air在流行中,在传播中aircraftn.航空器,飞机airlinen.航线;航空公司airplanen.飞机airportn.机场,航空站alarmn.警报;惊恐,惊慌v.使惊恐,惊动,惊吓;向...报警alcoholn.酒精,乙醇alikea.相同的,想像的alivea.活着着;活跃的,热闹的alla.所有的,全部的pron.一切,全部ad.完全,都,十分above all首要,尤其after all终于,毕竟;虽然这样all but几乎,差一点;除...之外其余都all out全力以赴,竭尽全力all over遍及,到处all right行,可以;顺利,良好at all完全,根本in all总共,共计not at all一点也不allowv.允许,准许;承认;让...得到allow for考虑到allowancen.津贴,补助(费)make allowance(s) for考虑到,顾及;体谅,原谅almostad.几乎,差不多alonea.单独,独立,独一无二的ad.仅仅,只;单独地,独自leave/let...alone听其自然,不要去管let alone更不用说alongprep.沿着ad.向前along with与...一起aloudad.出声地,大声地alphabetn.字母表alreadyad.已,已经alsoad.也,同样;而且,还alterv.改变,变更althoughconj.尽管,虽然,即使altogetherad.完全,全部地;总共;总之aluminum/aluminiumn.铝alwaysad.永远,始终;总是,一直amazev.使惊奇,使惊愕,使惊叹amazinga.令人惊讶的,令人吃惊的,ambitionn.雄心,野心ambitiousa.有雄心的,野心勃勃的ambulancen.救护车American.美洲;美国Americana.美洲(人)的;美国(人)的n.美国人;美国人among(st)prep.在…之中,在...中间amountn.数量,总额v.(to)合计,总共达,等于amusev.逗...笑,给...以娱乐(消遣)analysisn.分析,分解analyze/analysev.分析,分解ancestorn.祖宗,祖先anchorn.锚v.抛锚,停泊ancienta.古代的,古老的andconj.和,与,而且;那么;接连,又angeln.天使angern.(愤)怒,气愤v.使发怒,激怒anglen.角;角度,方面,观点angrya.愤怒的;生气的;(风雨等)狂暴的animaln.动物,野兽,牲畜a.动物的,野兽的anklen.踝announcev.宣布,发表,通行;报告...的来到annoyv.使恼怒,使生气,打搅annuala.每年的,年度的n.年刊,年鉴anothera.另一,再一;别的,不同的pron.另一个,类似的一个one after another一个接一个one another互相answerv.回答,答复,响应;(for)负责,保证;(to)符合,适合n.回答,答复,答案antarctica.南极(区)的n.[the Antarctic]南极洲,南极(圈)antennan.天线anxietyn.挂念,焦虑,焦急,忧虑;渴望,热望anxiousa.(about)忧虑的,担心的,焦急的;渴望的anya.[否定,疑问,条件句中]什么,一些;任何的,任一的pron.无论哪个,无论哪些;一个,一些ad.稍,丝毫anybodypron.任何人,无论谁;重要人物anyhowad.不管怎样,无论如何;不论用何种办法anyone=anybodypron.任何人,无论谁anythingpron.无论什么事(物),一切;什么事(物),任何事(物)anything but除...以外任何事(物),根本不anyway=anyhowad.无论如何anywheread.在什么地方,无论哪里apartad.撇开;分开,分离;相距,相隔apart from除去apologyn.道歉,歉意,认错apparatusn.器械,设备,仪器,装置apparenta.(to)明显的,显而易见的;表面的,貌似的appealv.(to)呼吁,要求;对...有吸引力;申述,上诉n.(to)呼吁,要求;吸引力;申诉,上诉appearv.出现,显露;出场,问世;来到;好像是,仿佛appearancen.出现,出场,露面;外表,外貌,外观appetiten.食欲,胃口;欲望,爱好,要求applen.苹果(树)appliancen.用具,器具appliantn.申请者applicationn.请求,申请(书,表);应用,运用;施用,敷用applyv.(for)申请,请求;(to)适用,应用,运用appointv.任命,委任;约定,指定appointmentn.任命,委任;约定,指定appreciatev.感谢,感激;正确评价,欣赏,赏识approachv.靠近,接近,邻近n.方法,途径;探讨appropriatea.(to)适当的,恰如其分的approvaln.赞成,同意;认可,批准approvev.(of)赞成,满意,同意;批准,审定,通过approximatelyad.近似地,大约Apriln.四月Arabn.阿拉伯人a.阿拉伯的Arabiann.阿拉伯人a.阿拉伯(人)的archaeologyn.考古学architecturen.建筑(式样,风格);建筑学arctica.北极(区)的n.[the Arctic]北极,北极圈arean.面积;地区,区域;范围,领域arguev.争论,辩论;主张,论证;说服argumentn.争论,辨认;论据,论点arisev.出现,发生;(from)由…引起,由...产生arithmeticn.算术armn.(手)臂,臂状物;扶手,衣袖;[pl.][总称]武器,武装v.武装,装备armyn.军(队),陆军;大群aroundad.各处,到处;周围,在附近;大约prep.在...周围,在...附近,在...各地arousev.唤醒,唤起;激起,引起arrangev.整理,排列,布置;安排,筹备arrangementn.安排，准备工作；整理，布置arrestv./n.逮捕,拘留arrivaln.到来,到达;到达的人或物arrivev.到达,来到arrive at达到,得出arrown.箭;箭头(符号),箭状物artn.艺术,美术;技术,技艺;[pl.]文科,人文学科articlen.文章,论文;物品,商品;项目,条款;冠词artificiala.人工的,人造的;人为的,娇揉造作的artistn.艺术家,美术家artistica.艺术(家)的,美术(家)的asad.一样,同样conj.像...一样;由于;正当;以致;虽然,尽管prep.作为,如同ashn.灰(烬)ashameda.(of)羞耻,惭愧,害臊Asian.亚洲Asiana.亚洲(人)的n.亚洲人asidead.在旁边,到旁边aside from除...以外askv.(询)问;请求,要求;(邀)请,约请asleepa.睡着的aspectn.样子,外表,面貌;(问题等的)方面assemblev.集合,集会,会议;装配assemblyn.集合,集会,会议;装配assessv.估价,评价assetn. （pl.）资产，财产；有用的资源，宝贵的人/物；优点，益处assignv.分配,委派;指定(时间,地点等)assignmentn.分配,委派;任务,(课外)作业assistv.帮助,援助,协助assistantn.助手,助教a.辅助的,助理的associatev.(with)使联系,使联合;交往,结合n.合作人,伙伴,同事,同行a.副的associationn.协会,团体;联合,联系,交往;联想assumev.假装;假定,设想;采取,承担;呈现assurev.使确信,使放心;保证,担保astonishv.使惊讶,使吃惊astronautn.宇航员astronomyn.天文学atprep.[表示地点,位置,场合]在,于,到...处;[表示时刻,时节,年龄]在...时,当;[表示目标,方向]对着,向;[表示速度,价格等]以,在...方面athleten.运动员Atlantica.大西洋的n.[the Atlantic]大西洋atmospheren.大气(层);空气;气氛,环境;大气压(压力单位)atomn.原子;微粒,微量atomica.原子的，原子能的attachv.(to)缚上,系上,贴上;使依附,使隶属,使依恋attached to附属于,隶属于attackv./n.攻击,进攻,抨击;着手,开始n.(病)发作attemptv.尝试,试图n.(at)企图,努力attendv.出席,参加;(to)照顾,护理attentionn.注意(力),留心;立正pay attentin to注意attituden.(to,towards)态度,看法;姿势attorneyn.律师attractv.吸引,招引,引诱,引起(注意等) attractionn.吸引,吸引力attractivea.有吸引力的,引起兴趣的,动人的attributen.属性,品质,特征v.(to)把…归于;认为...是...所为auctionn.拍卖vt.拍卖audiencen.听众,观众,读者;谒见,会见audio n./a.声音（的），听觉(的)；音频（的），音响（的）Augustn.八月auntn.伯母,婶母,姑母,舅母,姨母Australian.澳大利亚,澳洲Australiana.澳洲的;澳大利亚(人)的n.澳大利亚人authorn.作者;创始人authorityn.权力,威信,权威;权威者,有权威性的典籍;[pl.]当局,官方auton.汽车automaticn.自动机构a.自动的,无意识的,机械的automobilen.汽车autumnn.秋(季)auxiliarya.辅助的,补助的availablea.可用的,可得到的;可以见到的,随时可来的avenuen.林荫道,大街;途径,手段averagen.平均(数)a.平均的;通常的,一般的avoidv.避免,回避,逃避awakea.醒着的,警觉的v.唤醒,唤起;醒,觉醒,醒悟到,认识到awardn.奖(品)v.授予,奖给awarea.(of)知道的,意识到的awayad.离开,远离;…去,...掉;不断...下去right away立即,马上awfula.极度的,极坏的,糟糕的;威严的,可怕的ad.十分,极度地awkwarda.笨拙的,不灵活的;棘手的,尴尬的;使用不便的ax/axen.斧(子)axisn.轴(线);构图中心线Bbabyn.婴儿,孩子bachelorn.单身汉;[亦作B-]学士(学位)backn.背(面),后面a.后面的ad.在后,向后;回,回复;以前v.后退;支持backgroundn.背景,经历backwarda.向后的,倒行的,落后的;迟钝的ad.(also backwards)向后,朝反方向bacterium([pl.]bacteria)n.细菌bagn.袋,包baggagen.行李balancev.称,(使)平衡n.天平,称;平衡,均衡;差额,结余,余款balln.球,球状物;舞会balloonn.气球bananan.香蕉bandn.条,带;乐队;波段;一群,一伙v.缚,绑扎bankn.岸,堤;银行,库v.存入银行bankern. 银行家bankrupta.破产的barn.条,杆,棒,棍,闩;酒吧,餐柜;栅,栏,障碍(物)v.闩上,阻拦,拦住,妨碍barbern.理发师barea.赤裸的,光秃的,空的;稀少的,仅有的v.露出,暴露bargainn.廉价货;交易,契约,合同v.议价,成交barkv.吠叫,咆哮n.吠声,狗叫声barreln.桶;枪管,炮管barriern.栅栏,屏障;障碍(物)basen.基础,底部;基地,根据地v.(on)把...基于,以...为根据baseballn.棒球basementn.建筑物的底部,地下室,地窖basica.基本的,基础的Basicallyad.基本地，根本地basinn.盆,脸盆;内海,盆地basisn.基础,根据on the basis of根据,在...的基础上basketn.篮(子),篓basketballn.篮球bathn.沐浴,洗澡;浴室(池,盆)v.(给...)洗澡batteryn.电池(组);炮兵连,炮组battlen.战役,战斗;斗争v.战斗,斗争,搏斗bev.(就)是,等于;(存)在;到达,来到,发生beachn.海滩,湖滩,河滩beamn.(横)梁,桁条;(光线的)束,柱v.微笑;发光beann.豆;菜豆,蚕豆bearn.熊v.忍受,容忍;负担,负荷;结果实,生子女beardn.胡须beastn.兽,牲畜;凶残的人,举止粗鲁的人beatn.敲打,敲击声,节拍;(心脏等)跳动,搏动v.打,敲;打败,战胜;(心脏等)跳动,搏动beautifula.美(好)的beautyn.美(丽);美人,美丽的东西becauseconj.因为becomev.成为,变得;适宜,同...相称bedn.床(位);苗床,圃,花坛;河床,矿床,海底been.(蜜)蜂beefn.牛肉beern.啤酒beforeprep.在…以前;在...前面,当着...的面conj.在...之前ad.前面,从前,早些时候begv.乞求,乞讨;请求,恳求beggarn.乞丐，穷人beginv.开始beginningn.开始,开端behalfn.利益on behalf of代表,为了behavev.举止,举动,表现;运转,开动behavior/behaviourn.行为,举止;(机器的)特性behindprep.在…后面,落后于ad.在后,向后,落后beingn.生物,人;存在,生存beliefn.信仰,信条;相信,信念believev.(in)相信,信仰;认为belln.钟,铃belongv.(to)属于,附属,隶属;应归入(类别,范畴等)beloveda./n.受爱戴的,敬爱的;爱人,被心爱的人belowprep.在...下面,在...以下ad.在下面,向下beltn.(皮)带,腰带;地带benchn.长凳,条凳;(工作)台,座bendv.(使)弯曲;屈从,屈服n.弯曲(处),曲折处beneathprep.在…下边,在...之下ad.在下方beneficiala.(to)有利的,有益的benefitn.利益,好处,恩惠v.有益于;(from,by)受益benta.弯曲的besideprep.在…旁边,在...附近;与...相比besidesprep.除...之外ad.而且,还有besta.最好的ad.最,最好(地)betv.赌,打赌n.打赌,赌注bettera.较好的,更好的ad.更好(地)v.改良,改善n.较佳者,较优者betweenprep.在(两者)之间ad.当中,中间beyondprep.在(或向)...的那边,远于;迟于;超出ad.在那边,在远处Biblen.圣经bicyclen.自行车bidv.祝愿;命令,吩咐;报价,投标n.出众,投标biga.大的,巨大的;重大的,重要的biken.自行车billn.账单;招贴,广告;单子,清单,(人员,职称等的)表;钞票billionnum./n.[美]十亿,[英]万亿bindv.捆,绑,包括,束缚biographyn.传记biologyn.生物学birdn.鸟,禽birthn.出生,分娩;出身,血统birthdayn. 生日biscuitn.饼干,点心bitn.一点,一片,一些bitev./n.咬,叮n.一口bittera.(有)苦(味)的;痛苦的,厉害的blacka.黑(色)的,黑暗的n.黑人,黑色blackboardn.黑板bladen. 刀刃，刀片；叶片；翼blamev.责备;怪,怨,把…归咎于n.责任,过错;责备blanka.空白的,空着的;失色的,无表情的n.空白;表格blanketn.毛毯,毯子blastn.一阵(风),一股(气流);爆炸冲击波;管乐器或汽笛声v.爆炸,爆破bleedv.出血,流血blinda.瞎的;盲目的v.使失明;蒙蔽n.百叶窗blockn.大块木料(或石料,金属);一排房屋,街区;阻塞v.阻塞,拦阻,封锁bloodn.血(液);血统,宗族,门第;血气,气质bloomn.花(朵);开花(期)v.开花blowv.吹(气),充气,打气;吹响(乐器,号角等),吹风;爆炸,爆裂n.打,殴打,一击,打击bluea.(天)蓝色的,青的;伤心的,沮丧的,忧郁的n.蓝色boardn.板,木板,纸板;全体委员,委员会,部门;伙食;船舷v.上船(车,飞机)on board在船(车,飞机)上boastv.(of,about)自夸,夸耀n.自夸,大话boatn.小船,艇bodyn.身体,躯体,本体;主体;尸体;物体;(一)群,批,堆boilv.(使)沸腾,煮(沸)bolda.大胆的,勇敢的;冒失的;黑体的,粗体的boltn.螺栓,(门,窗的)插销v.闩(门),关窗,拴住bombn.炸弹v.投弹于,轰炸bondn.结合(物),粘结(剂),联结;公债,债券,契约bonen.骨(骼)bookn.书(籍);卷,篇,册v.预定,订(票,房间等)boomv.迅速发展,兴旺;发出隆隆声bootn.(长统)靴boothn.电话亭,货摊bordern.边界,国界;边(沿)v.交界,与...接壤;接近borev.钻(孔),挖(洞),打眼,钻探;烦扰,使厌烦n.讨厌的人,麻烦事boringa.令人厌烦的n. 钻孔borna. 出生的；天生的，生来的n.(心)胸borrowvt. 借，借用bossn.工头,老板,上司v.指挥,支配,发号施令bothpron.二者,双方a.两,双both...and既...又...,两个都botherv.打扰,烦扰;烦恼,操心n.麻烦bottlen.瓶(子)v.装瓶bottomn.底(部);基础,根基;海底,湖底,河床boundv./n.跳(跃)a.被束缚的,理应...的,必定的,一定的;准备(或正在)到...去的,开往...的boundaryn.分界线,边界bowv./n.鞠躬,点头n.弓(形);蝴蝶结bowln.碗(状物),钵boxn.箱(子),盒(子);包厢v.拳击,打耳光boxingn. 拳击boyn.男孩;男服务员,男仆brainn.(大)脑,骨髓;[pl.]脑力,智能brakev./n.制动(器),闸,刹车branchn.(树)条,分支;分部,分店;(学科)分科,部门;支流,支脉,支线brandn.商标,标记,牌子v.使铭记;打火印,打烙印bravea.勇敢的breadn.面包breadthn.宽度,幅breakv.打破,折断,破碎;使中止,打断;破坏,违反n.打断,中止;休息时间breakdownn.垮,衰竭;损坏,故障,倒塌breakfastn.早饭,早餐v.吃早饭breastn.胸膛,乳房breathn.呼吸,气息breathev.呼吸,吸入breedv.(使)繁殖,生殖;产生,引起;教养,抚养,饲养n.品种,种类breezen.微风,和风brickn.砖(状物)briden.新娘bridgen.桥(梁)v.架桥,建桥briefa.简短的,简洁的v.简短介绍,简要汇报brighta.明亮的,辉煌的;聪明的,伶俐的;欢快的,美好的brillianta.光辉的,灿烂的;卓越的,有才华的bringv.带来,拿来;引起,导致Britisha.不列颠的;英国(人)的brittlea.易碎的,脆(弱)的broada.宽的,广阔的;广大的,广泛的;宽宏的,豁达的bronzen.青铜(色),青铜制品brothern.兄弟;同胞;教友brown.眉(毛);额browsev./n.浏览brownn./a.褐色(的),棕色(的)brushn.刷(子),毛刷;画笔v.刷,擦,掸,拂;擦过,掠过bubblen.泡,水泡,气泡v.冒泡,起泡,沸腾bucketn.水桶,吊桶budgetn.预算v.做预算buildv.造,建筑,建设,建立build up积累,堵塞;树立,逐步建立;增进,锻炼buildingn.建筑(物),房屋,大楼bulkn.体积,容积;主体,大批,大量,大块in bulk散装;大批,大量bulletn.子弹,枪弹bunchn.(一)簇,束,捆,串bundlen.捆,包,束burdenn.担子,负担,重担bureaun.署,局,司,处burnv.燃烧,烧毁,烧伤n.烧伤,灼伤burn out烧掉burstv.爆裂,炸破;突然发生,突然发作n.突然破裂,爆发buryv.埋(葬),安葬;埋藏,遮盖busn.公共汽车trolley bus无轨电车bushn.灌木(从)businessn.商业,生意;事务,业务,职责on business因公,因事busya.忙的,繁忙的;(with)忙于...的v.使忙于butconj.可是,但是,而;除...外prep.除...外ad.只,仅仅,不过but for除...以外,倘没有,除非butchern.屠夫,卖肉者buttern.黄油,奶油v.涂黄油于...上butterflyn.蝴蝶buttonn.纽扣,按钮(开关)v.扣紧;扣上纽扣buyv.(购)买n.购买,买卖byprep.在...旁,靠近;被,由;经,沿,通过;不迟于,到...时为止;根据,按照;[表示方法,手段]靠,用,通过ad.在近旁,经过byeint. 再见CCabn.出租车cabbagen.洋白菜,卷心菜cabinn.客舱,机舱;小(木)屋cabinetn.橱柜;内阁cablen.电报;电缆;缆,索,钢丝绳v.拍电报cagen.鸟笼caken.饼,(蛋)糕calciumn. 钙calculatevt. 计算，推算；估计，推测；计划，打算calculatorn. 计算器calendarn.日历,月历calln.叫喊,呼声;(电话)通话v.叫(喊),招呼;把...叫做,称...为;(on,at)访问,拜访;打电话calma.(天气,海洋等)静的,平静的;镇静的,沉着的n.平静,风平浪静v.(使)平静;(使)镇定cameln.骆驼cameran.照相机,摄影机campn.野营,营地;帐篷,阵营v.设营,宿营campaignn.战役;运动campusn.(大学)校园canaux.v.能,会;可以;可能n.罐头v.装罐头Canadiana.加拿大的n.加拿大人canaln.运河;(沟)渠cancelv.取消,把...作废;删去,划掉cancern.癌candidaten.候选人,候补者;报考者candlen.蜡烛candyn.糖果n.帆布;油画布,油画capn.便帽,军帽;盖,罩,套v.覆盖于...顶端capabilityn. 能力，才能；性能，容量capablea.有本领的,有能力的;(of)可以...的,能...的capacityn.容量,容积;能量,能力;接受力capitaln.首都,首府;大写字母;资本,资金a.首位的,最重要的,基本的captainn.首领,队长;船长;上尉v.做...的首领,指挥capturev./n.捕获,俘虏v.夺得,攻占carn.车(辆),汽车;(火车)车厢carbonn.碳carbon dioxide二氧化碳cardn.卡片,名片;纸牌;纸片ID card身份证credit card信用卡caren.小心,谨慎,注意;关怀,操心,照料v.(about)关心,介意,计较careern.生涯,经历;专业,职业carefula.小心的,仔细的;细致的,精心的cargon.船货,货物carpetn.地毯carriagen.(四轮)马车;(火车)客车厢carriern.搬运人;载体carrotn.胡罗卜carryv.运送,搬运;传送,传播;领,带cartoonn.漫画,幽默画;动画片casen.箱,盒,容器;情况,事实;病例;案件in any case无论如何,总之in case假如,以防(万一),免得in case of假使,万一in no case决不cashn.现金,现款v.兑现,付(或收)现款castv.投,扔,掷,抛;铸造n.演员表castlen.城堡casuala.偶然的,碰巧的;临时的,非正式的catn.猫catalog/cataloguen.目录(册)v.编目(录)catchv.捕捉,捕获;赶上;感染;理解,听到categoryn.种类,类目catchvt.捕，捉；赶上；感染，染上病；听清楚cattlen.牛;牲口,家畜causen.原因,理由;事业,事件,奋斗目标v.使产生,引起caven.洞,穴ceilingn.天花板celebratev.庆祝celln.细胞;小房间;蜂房;电池Celsiusa.摄氏的cementn.水泥;胶泥,胶接剂v.胶合;巩固,加强centn.分(币);百per cent百分之center/centren.中心(区),中央v.集中centigraden./a.摄氏温度计(的);百分度(的)centimetre/centimetren.厘米centrala.中心的,中央的,中枢的;主要的centuryn.世纪,(一)百年ceremonyn.典礼,仪式;礼节,礼仪certaina.某,某一,某些;(of)一定的,确信的,可靠的certificaten.证(明)书,执照chainn.链(条);[pl.]镣铐;一连串,一系列,连锁v.用链条拴住chairn.椅子;主席(职位)chairmann.主席,议长,会长,董事长challengen.挑战(书);艰巨任务,难题v.向...挑战chambern.房间,室championn.冠军,得胜者;拥护者,斗士chancen.机会;可能性,或然性;偶然性,运气v.碰巧,偶然发生changen.改变,变化;零钱,找头v.更换,调换,交换,互换;改变,变化channeln.海峡,水道;信道,波道;路线,途径chaptern.章(节),回charactern.性格,品质,特性,特征;人物,角色;字符,(汉)字characteristica.(of)特有的,独特的n.特征,特性characterize/characterisev.表示...的特性;描述...特性chargev.索(价),要(人)支付,收费;控告,指控;充电n.[pl.]费用,代价;电荷,负荷in charge (of)负责,主管take charge of担任,负责chartn.图,图表chasev./n.追逐,追求chatv./n.闲谈,聊天cheapa.便宜的;低劣的,不值钱的cheatv.欺骗;作弊n.骗子;欺诈,欺骗行为checkv.检查,核对;制止,控制;(凭票)托运或寄存n.(=cheque)检查,核对;方格图案,格子织物check/chequen.支票cheekn.面颊,脸cheerv.(使)振奋,(使)高兴v./n.喝彩,欢呼cheerfula.愉快的,高兴的cheesen.干酪,乳酪chemicala.化学的n.[pl.]化学制品,化学药品chemistn.化学家;药剂师chemistryn.化学cheque/checkn.支票,空白支票;总收入chessn.棋chestn.胸腔,胸膛;箱,柜chewv.咀嚼;思量chickenn.小鸡,小鸟;鸡(肉)chiefa.主要的,首要的n.首领,领袖child([pl.]children)n.小孩,儿童,儿女childhoodn.幼年,童年chilln.寒冷,寒气,寒战v.使寒冷chillya.寒冷的chimneyn.烟囱chinn.下巴,颏chinan.瓷器Chinan.中国Chinesen.中国人;中国话;中文,汉语a.中国(人)的,中国话的,汉语的chipn.切屑,碎片;(土豆等的)薄片;集成电路块chocolaten.巧克力(糖),赭色choicen.选择(机会),抉择;供选择的种类,选择项;入选者,精华a.精选的,上等的,优等的choosev.选择,挑选;甘愿chopv.砍,劈,斩n.排骨,肉块Christiann.基督教徒a.基督教徒的Christmasn.圣诞节churchn.教堂;[C-]教会cigarette/cigaretn.香烟,纸烟,卷烟cineman.电影院;电影,影片circlen.圆,圆周;圈子,集团;周期,循环v.环绕,旋转circuitn.环行,周线,巡回;电路,线路circulara.圆(形)的,环形的;循环的n.传单,通报circulatev.(使)循环,(使)流通circumstancen.[pl.]情况,形势,环境;经济情形,境况citizenn.公民;市民,居民cityn.城市,都市civila.公民的,市民的;国内的,民间的;民用的;有礼貌的,文明的;文职的civilization/civilisationn.文明,文化civilize/civilisev.使文明,开化claimv.要求;声称,主张;索赔n.要求;主张,断言;索赔;权利,要求权,所有权clarifyv.澄清,阐明clarityn.清晰,明晰classn.班级,年级;(一节)课;阶级,阶层;等级,类别v.把...分类(或分等)classicn.[pl.]杰作,名著a.第一流的,不朽的,古典的classicala.经典的,古典(文学)的classificationn.分类,分级classifyv.分类,分等(级)classmaten.同班同学classroomn.教室,课堂clausen.(正式文件或法律文件的)条款;从句,分句clawn.爪,脚爪clayn.粘土,泥土cleana.清洁的,干净的;洁白的v.打扫,使干净cleara.清晰的,明白的;清朗的;清澈的,明亮的;畅通的,无阻的ad.清楚地,清晰地,明白地v.澄清,清除,扫清;使清澈,使清楚变晴clerkn.职员,办事员;店员clevera.聪明的,伶俐的,机敏的,精巧的Clickn. 一击clientn.顾客;(诉讼)委托人cliffn.悬崖;峭壁climaten.气候;风气,社会思潮climbv./n.攀登,爬clingv.(to)粘住;依附;坚持clinicn.诊所clinicala. 门诊的，临床的clockn.钟clonen.克隆v.克隆coden.代码，代号，密码，编码closev.关,闭;结束,了结n.结束,了结a.(to)近的,接近的;关闭着的;秘密的,不公开的;严密的,紧密的ad.接近地,紧密地clothn.(一块)布,织物,衣料clothev.(给…)穿衣,供给...衣服clothesn.衣服clothingn.服装,被褥cloudn.云(状物);遮暗物,阴影;一大群cloudya.多云的,阴(天)的;混浊的,模糊的clubn.俱乐部,夜总会;社团;棍棒,球棒cluen.线索,暗示coachn.(铁路)客车,长途汽车,大客车;辅导员,教练,私人教师v.教练,辅导,指导coaln.煤,煤块coarsea.粗糙的,粗劣的;粗鲁的,粗俗的coastn.海岸,海滨coatn.外套,上衣;皮毛,表皮,涂层v.涂上,盖上,包上cockn.公鸡,雄鸡;龙头,开关coden.代码,代号,密码;法典,法规,规划coffeen.咖啡(色)coilv.卷,盘绕n.(一)卷,(一)圈;线圈,绕组coinn.硬币,货币v.铸造(硬币),创造(新词)colda.寒冷的;冷淡的n.感冒;寒冷collapsev./n.倒坍,崩溃,垮台collarn.衣领;环状物colleaguen.同事,同僚collectv.收集,搜集;领取,接走;收(税等);聚集,堆积collectionn.收藏(品),收集(物)collectiven.集体a.集体的,共同的collegen.学院,高等专科学校,大学collidev.碰撞,冲突;(with)抵触collisionn.碰撞,冲突colonyn.殖民地color/colourn.颜色,彩色;颜料;肤色v.给...着色,染colorfula. 多彩；丰富多彩的columnn.圆柱,柱状物;列;(报刊中的)专栏combinationn.结合,联合,合并;化合(物) combinev.(with)(使)结合,联合;(使)化合comev.来,来到;出现于,产生;是,成为;开始,终于come off实现,成功,奏效come on请,来吧,跟着来,快点;开始,来临;进展,发展;出场,上演come out出版,刊出;出现,显露,长出;结果是,结局是;被解出come round/around来访,前来;苏醒,复原come through经历,脱险come to总计,达到;苏醒,复原come true实现,达到come up走近,上来;发生,被提出come up to达到,符合come up with提出,提供comfortn.舒适,安逸;安慰,慰问v.安慰,使舒适comfortablea.舒适的,自在的commandn.命令,指令;统帅,指挥(权);掌握,运用能力v.命令;指挥,统帅commandern.司令官，指挥官commentn.注释,评论,意见v.(on)注释,评论commercen.商业,贸易commerciala.商业的,商务的,贸易的commissionn.委员会;委任,委托(书),代办;佣金,手续费commitv.把...交托给,提交;犯(错误),干(坏事)committeen.委员会,全体委员commodityn.商品,物品commona.普通的,平常的;(to)共同的,公共的in common共用,共有,共同communicatev.传达,传送;交流;通讯,通话communicationn.通讯,传达,传送,交流;[pl.]通讯系统;[pl.]交通(工具)communismn.共产主义communista.共产主义的communityn.同一地区的全体居民,社会,社区;共同体companionn.同伴,共事者;伴侣companyn.公司,商号;陪伴,同伴;宾客,客人;连(队),(一)群,(一)队,(一)伙keep company with与...交往,与...结伴comparablea.(with,to)可比较的,比得上的comparativea.比较的,相当的comparev.(with,to)比较,相比,对比;比作compare...to把...比作comparisonn.比较,对比,比喻,比拟by comparison比较起来compelv.强迫,迫使compensatev.(for)补偿,赔偿competev.比赛;竞争competenta.有能力的,胜任的competitionn.比赛;竞争competitorn.竞争者,敌手complainv.(about,of)抱怨;申诉complaintn.抱怨,诉苦;申诉;疾病completea.完全的,圆满的v.完成,结束,使完满complexa.复杂的;合成的,综合的n.联合体complicateda.错综复杂的,麻烦的,难解的complicationn.复杂,纠纷;并发症componentn.组成部分,成分,元件,部件a.组成的,合成的composev.组成,构成;(of)由...组成;创作(作曲,诗歌等)composern.作曲家;创作者compositionn.作品,作文,乐曲;写作,作曲;结构,组成,成分compoundn.混合物,化合物a.混合的,化合的,复合的comprehensiona.理解(力),领悟computern.计算机,电脑;计算者concealv.隐藏,隐瞒,隐蔽concentratev.(on)集中,专心;浓缩n.浓缩物concentrationn.专注，专心；集中；浓度conceptn.概念,观念,思想concernv.涉及,关系到v./n.关心,挂念n.(利害)关系as/so far as...be concerned就...来说be concened with关心,挂念,从事于concertn.音乐会,演奏会;一齐,一致concludev.结束,终止;断定,下结论;缔结,议定conclusionn.结束,终结;结论,推论in conclusion最后,总之concretea.具体的,有形的,实质性的n.混凝土v.用混凝土修筑,浇混凝土condemnv.谴责,指责;判刑,宣告有罪conditionn.状况,状态;[pl.]环境,形势,条件on condition that在...条件下conditionern.调节装置，空调conductn.行为,举动,品行v.引导,带领;处理,管理;指挥(乐队);传导,传(热,电等)conductionn.传导conductorn.领队,(乐队)指挥;(电车等的)售票员,列车员;导体,导线conferencen.会议,讨论会confidencen.(in)信任;信心,自信;秘密,机密confidentn.(of,in)确信的,自信的confirmv.使更坚固,使更坚定;(进一步)证实;确认,批准conflictn.战斗,斗争;抵触,冲突v.(with)抵触,冲突confusev.使混乱,混淆confusionn.混乱,混淆congratulatev.(on)祝贺,向...致贺词congratulationn.(on)祝贺,[pl.]祝贺词congressn.(代表)大会;[Congress](美国等国的)国会,议会connectv.(with)连接,连结connection/connexionn.联系,连接conquerv.征服,战胜,占领;克服,破除(坏习惯等)consciencen.良心,良知consciousa.(of)意识到的,自觉的;有意识的,神志清醒的conservevt..保存,保护,节约;守恒,不灭considerv.认为,把...看作;考虑,细想;体谅,照顾considerablea.相当大(或多)的,可观的;值得考虑的consideratea.考虑周到的,体谅的considerationn.需要考虑的事,理由;考虑,思考;体谅,照顾consistv.(in)在于,存在于;(of)由…组成,由...构成consequentadj.作为结果的，随之发生的constanta.经常的,不断的;坚定的,永恒的,忠实的n.常数,恒量n.成分,要素constructv.建设,建造,构造;创立consultv.与...商量,请教;查阅;(with)商量,商议consultantn.会诊医师,顾问医生;顾问consumev.消费,消费,耗尽consumern.消费者,用户contactv./n.(使)接触,联系,交往containv.包含,容纳,装有;等于,相等于containern.容器;集装箱contentn.容量,含量,内容,[pl.]目录;满足,愿意a.(with)满足的,愿意的contestn.竞争,竞赛,比赛v.竞争,比赛,争论continentn.大陆,洲continuala.不断的,连续的,频繁的continuev.继续,连续,延伸continuousa.连续的,持续的contractn.契约,合同,包工v.缩小,缩短;订(约)contradictictionn.反驳;同...矛盾,contrarya.(to)相反的,矛盾的,对抗的n.反对,矛盾;相反,反面;[pl.]对立物on the contrary反之,正相反contrastv.(with)使与...对比,使与...对照,和...形成对照n.对照,对比,差异in contrast with/to与...成反比contributev.(to)贡献,捐助,捐献;投稿contributionn.贡献;捐献(物)controln.(over)控制,支配v.控制,支配controversiala.引起争论的,有争议的conveniencen.便利,方便;[pl.]便利设备convenienta.(to)便利的,方便的conventionn.大会,会议;惯例,常规,习俗;公约,协定conventionala.惯例的,常规的conversationn.会话,谈话convertv.变换,转化convincev.(of)使信服,使确信cookn.炊事员,厨师v.烹调,煮,烧coola.凉的,凉爽的;冷静的,沉着的,冷淡的v.(使)冷却,(使)镇静cooperatev.(with)合作,协作,相配合coordinatev.使协调，调整；使互相配合copev.(with)竞争,对抗;(with)对付,应付,妥善处理coppern.铜;铜币,铜制器copyn.抄本,副本,拷贝,复制品;(一)本,(一)册v.誊写,临摹,复制coren.果核;中心,核心cornn.谷物,庄稼,玉米cornern.角(落),(街道)拐角corporationn.公司,企业,团体correcta.正确的,恰当的,合适的,端正的v.改正,纠正,矫正correspondv.通信,(with)符合,一致;(to)相当于,对应correspondentn.记者,通讯员;通信者correspondinga.符合的,相应的,对应的corridorn.走廊,通路corruptv.贿赂,收买a.腐败的,贪污的cosmeticn.化妆品adj.化妆品的costn.成本,费用,代价v.值值为,花费at all costs不惜任何代价,无论如何at the cost of以...为代价costlya.昂贵的,价值高的,豪华的cottonn.棉花;棉线,棉纱;棉制品coughv./n.咳嗽couldaux.v.can的过去式;[用于语气婉。

在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语考试大纲词汇词汇表Aa/anart. 一（个）；每一（个）；（同类事物中的）任何一个abandonvt. 放弃，抛弃，离弃abilityn. 能力，才能，才干ablea. 有能力；能干的aboardad. /prep. 在船/车/飞行器上；上船/车/飞行器abortionn. 流产，夭折aboutprep. 关于，对于；在…周围，在…附近ad. 在周围，附近；大约，差不多aboveprep. 在…之上，超过a. 上面的，上述的ad. 在上面，以上abroadad. 国外，海外；传开absencen. 缺席；缺乏absenta. 漫不经心absolutea. 绝对的，完全的absorbvt. 吸收；吸引，使专心abusen. 滥用，虐待；辱骂；陋习，弊端vt. 滥用，虐待；辱骂academica. 学院的；学术的acceptvt. 同意，认可；接受，领受acceptablea. 可接受的；合意的acceptancen. 接受，接纳，承认accessn. 通路；访问vt. 访问；存取accidentn. 事故；意外的事，偶然的事accompanyv. 陪伴，伴随，伴奏accomplishv. 完成，实现，达到according toprep. 按照，根据accountn. 账，账户；说明，叙述vi. (for) 解释accurteadj. 正确的，精确的accusevt. (of)遗责；指控，告发accustomeda. (to)惯常的，习惯的achen. /vi. 疼痛，酸痛achievevt. 完成，达到；获得achievementn. 完成，达到；成就，成绩acidn. 酸a. 酸的acquirevt. 取得，获得，学到acren. 英亩acrossad. /prep. 横越，横断prep. 在…对面actn. 行为，动作；（一）幕；法令，条例；v. 行动，举动；起作用，表演actionn. 行动；作用activea. 活动的，活跃的；积极的，主动的activistn. 积极分子，活动分子activityn. 活动，活跃；行动actorn. 男演员actressn. 女演员actuala. 实际的，事实上的actuallyad . 事实上ad = advertisementadaptvt. (to )使适应；改编addvt. 加，加上；增加，增进；进一步说/写vi. (to)增添additionn. 加，加法；附加部分，增加(物)addressn．地址，通讯处vt．／n．致词，讲话vt．致函；写地址adequated．足够的，充分的adjustv．调整，调节；校准vi (to)适应于administrationn．管理；行政，行政机关，政府admire vt. 羡慕，赞赏，钦佩admitvt. 允许进入；接纳；承认adoptvt．收养；采用，采纳；通过adultn．成人a．成年的，成熟的advancevt. 推进，促进；提升，提高 vi．前进，进展n．前进，进展；预付advanceda．先进的，高级的advantagen．优点，有利条件；利益，好处adventuren．冒险，惊险活动；奇遇advertise／-izevt．做广告advertisementn．广告advicen．忠告，意见advisablea．明智的，可取的advisevy. 忠告，劝告；建议aeroplane = airplaneaerospaceadj. 航天的，太空的；宇宙空间的，宇宙航行的n． (大气圈及其以外的)宇宙空间affairn．事，事情，事件affectvt. 影响，作用；感动；(疾病)侵袭affectionn．爱，感情；作用，影响affordvt．提供，给予；供应得起afraida．怕的，害怕的；惊恐的，担心的African．非洲Africana．非洲(人)的n．非洲人afterprep．／conj. 在…之后ad．以后，后来afternoonn．下午，午后againad．再，再次；又，重新againstprep．对(着)，逆；反对，违反；靠，靠近；和…对比agen．年龄；时代vi．变老agencyn．代理(处)，代办(处) agendan．议事日程，记事册agentn．代理人，经办人agoad．以前，…—前agreevi. (with…on)同意，赞同；(t o)一致，适合；商定，约定agreementn．同意，一致；协议，协定，契约agriculturen．农业aheadad．前头，在前，向前aidvi 援助，救援n．援助，救护；助手，辅助物aimvt 瞄准，把…对准vi． (at)志在，旨在；瞄准，针对n．目标，目的airn．空气，大气；天空v．晾干；使通气aircraftn．飞机，飞行器airlinen．航空公司；(飞机的)航线airplanen．飞机airportn．机场alarmn．惊恐；警报；警报器vt．惊动，惊吓；向…报警alcoholn．酒精，乙醇alikea．相同的，相似的alivea．活着的；活跃的，活泼的alla．全部的，所有的；非常的，极度的pron．全部，一切ad．完全地，很allowvt．允许，准许；给予vi (for)考虑到allowancen．津贴；零用钱almostad．几乎，差不多aloned．／ad．独自，单独ad．仅仅，只alongprep．沿着ad．向前aloudad．大声地，响亮地alphabetn．字母表alreadyad．已，已经alsoad．也，同样；而且，还altervt 改变，变更althoughconj．虽然，即使altogetherad．完全，总之，全部alumin(i)umn．铝alwaysad．总是，永远amazev．使惊愕，使惊叹amazinga．令人惊讶的，令人吃惊的ambitionn．雄心；野心ambitiousn．有雄心的，有抱负的ambulancen．救护车american．美洲；美国americand．美洲(人)的，美国(人)的 n．美洲人；美国人among(st)prep. 在…之中，在…之间amountn．数量，数额，总数vt. (20)合计，相当于，等同amusevt．逗乐，使开心；给…提供娱乐analysisn．分析，解析analyze／-ysev．分析，解析ancestorn．祖宗，祖先anchorn．锚v．抛锚，停泊ancienta．古代的，古老的andconj．和，与，及；那么，则angeln．天使angern．气愤，愤怒vt：使发怒，激怒anglen．角，角度；角度，观点‘angrya．愤怒的，生气的animaln．动物，野兽，牲畜a．动物的，野兽的anklen．踝，踝关节announcev．宣布，通告annoyvt 使烦恼，使生气，打搅annuala．每年的，年度的n．年刊，年鉴anothera．另一，再一；别的prop．另一个answern．回答，答复；答案v．回答，答复antarctica．南极(区)的n． (the A-)南极洲，南极圈antennan．天线anxietyn．挂念，焦虑，担心；渴望，热望anxiousa．担心的，焦虑的；渴望的anya．任何的，任一的；[否定，疑问，条件句中]什么，一些pron．无论那个，无论那些，任anybodypron，[否定，疑问，条件句中]任何人;[肯定句中]随便哪一个人anyhowad．无论如何，不管怎样；不管以什么方法；总之anyone = anybodyanythingpron．[否定，疑问，条件句中]任何事(物)；无论什么事(物) anyway = anyhowanywheread．无论哪里；[否定，疑问，条件句中]任何地方apartad．分离，隔开；相距，相隔apologyn．道歉，歉意apparatusn．器械，装置；仪器apparenta．明显的；表面的appealvi． (‘o)请求，呼吁；吸引；上诉；求助、n．呼吁；吸引力；上诉appearvi．出现，出场，问世；好像是appearance n．出现，出场，露面；外表，外观appetiten．食欲，胃口；欲望applen．苹果appliancen．用具，设备；器械；装置applicantn．申请者applicationn．申请，申请书；运用，应用applyvi (for)申请；vt (to)运用，应用appointvt．任命，委派；约定appointmentn．约会，约见；任命，委派appreciatevt．感激，感谢；评价，欣赏，赏识approachv．接近，走进vt．处理，对待n．走进；方法，探讨；观点appropriatea，适当的，恰当的approvaln．同意，赞同；批准approvev． (of)赞成，赞许，同意；批准，审议，通过approximatea．大致的，近似的Apriln．四月Arabn．阿拉伯人a. 阿拉伯的arabiana. 阿拉伯人的；阿拉伯的archaeologyn．考古学architecturen．建筑；建筑学arctica．北极的n． (theA—)北极arean．面积；地区；范围，领域arguevi. 辩论，争论vt．辩论，论证；说服argumentn. 争论，辩论；论点，依据arisevt 出现，发生；(from)由…引起，由…产生arithmeticn. 算术armn．手臂，臂状物；(p1．)武器vt．武装，装备armyn．军队，军；大群，大批aroundad．周围，在附近；到处；大约prep．在…周围，围着；在…各地arousevt. 唤起，激起arrangevt．整理，布置；安排，筹备arrangementn．安排，准备工作；整理，布置arrestvt. n．逮捕，扣留arrivaln．到来，到达；到达物arrive vi．到来，到达；(at)达成，得出arrown．箭，箭状物artn．艺术，美术；技术，技艺；(pl．)文科articlen．文章；物件artificiala．人工的，人造的；人为的，做作的artistn．艺术家，美术家artistic(al)d．艺术(家)的，美术(家)的asconj．当／在…时候；如…一样；由于，因为prep．作为，当作ashn．灰，灰烬ashameda．惭愧的，害臊的asian．亚洲asiana．亚洲(人)的n．亚洲人．asidead．在旁边；到／向一边askv．问，询问；要求，请求；邀请，约请asleepa．睡着的aspectn．样子，面貌；方面assemblevt．集合，集会；装配，组装 vi 集会，聚集assemblyn．集会，会议；装配，组装assessvt．估计，估算；评估，评价，评定assetn． (pl．)资产，财产；有用的资源，宝贵的人／物；优点，益处assignvt．派给，分配；选定，指定(时间，地点等)assignmentn． (分派的)任务， (指定的)作业；分配，指派assistvi．定帮助，援助assistanta．助手的，辅助的n．助手，助理；助教associatevt．联系；联合vi．交往n．合作人，同事associationn．协会，团体；交往；联合，合伙assumeof．假定，设想；假装；承担assurevt．使确信；向…保证astonishvt．使惊讶，使吃惊astronautn．宇航员，太空人astronomyn．天文学atprep．[表示地点，位置，场合]在，于;[表示时刻，时节，年龄]在，当； [表示目标，方向]对，向；[表示速度，价格等]以athleten．运动员，运动选手atlantica．大西洋的n． [the A-]大西洋atmospheren．空气；大气，大气层；气氛atomn．原子atomica．原子的，原子能的attachvt．贴上，系上，附上；使依附attackvt.／n．攻击，进攻，抨击；(病)发作attemptvt／n．试图，努力attendvt．出席；参加；照顾，护理 vi． (to)注意，留意；专心于attentionn．注意，注意力，留意attituden．态度，看法attorneyn．律师，(业务或法律事务上的)代理人attractv．吸引，招引，引诱attractionn．吸引，吸引力attractivea．有吸引力的；有魅力的，动人的attributevt． (to)把…归因于n．属性，特征auctionn．拍卖vt．拍卖audiencen．听众，观众audion．/d．声音(的)，听觉(的)；音频(的)，音响(的)Augustn．八月auntn．伯母，婶母，姑母，舅母，姨母Australian．澳洲；澳大利亚Australiana．澳洲的；澳大利亚的n．澳大利亚人authorn．作者authorityn．权利，权威；权威人士，(pl．)当局auto = automobileautomatica．自动的automobilen．汽车autumnn．秋，秋季auxiliarya．辅助的，备用的availabled．可利用的；可得到的avenue．n．林荫路，大街averagen．平均，平均数a．平均的；平常的，普通的avoidvt．避免，逃避awakea．醒着的；意识到的vt 唤醒，唤起vi．醒来，醒悟，觉悟awardn．奖，奖品vt．授予，奖给awarea．知道的，意识到的awayad．远离，离开awfula．糟糕的，极坏的awkwarda．粗笨的，笨拙的；尴尬的，棘手的ax(e)n．斧子axisn．轴Bbabyn．婴儿，孩子bachelorn．学士；单身汉backad．向后，后退，回复n．背，背面；后面a．后面的，背后的vt．使后退；支持backgroundn．背景；经历backward(s)a．向后的，相反的；落后的ad．向后地，倒，逆bacterian． (p1．)细菌bada．坏的，恶的；有害的，不利的；低劣的，拙劣的；腐败的，臭的；不舒服的，病的；严重的，厉害的bagn．袋，提包，背包baggagen．行李balancevt，使平衡n．平衡；差额，结余；天平，称balln．球，球状物；大型舞会balloonn．气球bananan．香蕉bandn．条，带；乐队，军乐队；一群，一伙；波段bankn．岸，堤；银行bankern．银行家bankrupta．破产的vt．使破产n．破产者barn．棍，横木，闩；酒吧barbern．理发师barea．赤裸的，光秃的，空的；极少的，仅有的bargainv．讨价还价n．便宜货；交易barkvi．吠；叫骂n．树皮；吠声barreln．枪管，炮管；桶barriern．栅栏；障碍，屏障basen．基(础)，底(座)；基地 vt． (on)把…建立在…基础上baseballn．棒球，棒球运动basica．基本的，基础的，根本的；主要的，首要的n．基础，基本basicallyad．基本地，根本地basinn．盆；盆地basis n．基础，基底；基准，根据basketn．篮子，篓basketballn．篮球(运动)bathn．洗澡，沐浴；浴缸，浴盆，浴池batteryn．电池(组)battlen．战斗，战役，斗争vi．战斗，战争，搏斗bayn．海湾bevi．是，就是，等于；在，存在aux.v. [与动词现在分词连用，构成各种进行时态][与及物动词的过去分词连用，构成被动语态][后接动词不定式，表示安排等]beachn．海滨，海滩beamn．一束；一道横梁vi．发光，发热beann．豆，菜豆bearn．熊vt．忍受，容忍；负荷，负担；生育；心怀(爱憎等感情)beardn．胡须beastn．兽，牲畜；凶残的人beatv．打败，战胜vt．/n．打，敲；战胜vi．跳动n．跳动；拍子，节拍beautifula．美的，美丽的beautyn．美，美丽；美人，美丽的东西becauseconj．因为becomevi．成为，变成bedn．床，床位；苗圃，花坛；河床，海底been．蜜蜂beefn．牛肉beern．啤酒beforeprep．/conj．在…之前prep．在…前面ad．从前，早些时候begv．乞讨；请求，恳求beggarn．乞丐，穷人beginv．开始，着手beginningn．开始，开端；起因behalfn．代表，利益behavev．举动，举止，表现behavio(U)rn．行为，举止behindprep．在…后面，落后于ad．在后，落后beingn．存在，生存；存在物，生物，人beliefn．相信；信仰，信条，信念believe vt．相信，认为vi．相信，信任，信奉belln．钟，铃belongvi． (to)属，附属；归类于belovedd．心爱的belowprep．在…下面，在…以下ad．在下，以下，向下beltn．带，腰带benchn．长凳，条凳；工作台；台，座bendn．弯曲，曲折处vt．折弯，使屈曲beneathprep．在…了方，在…之下ad．在下方beneficiala．有益的，有利的benefitn．利益，恩惠vt．有利于，受益于vi． (介Om)得益于benta．弯曲的besideprep．在…旁边；和…相比besidesad．而且，还有prep．除…之外besta．最好的ad．最，最好betvt．以…打赌，与…打赌vi．赌，打赌n．打赌；赌注，赌金bettera．较好的，更好的ad．更好vt．改良，改善betweenprep．在…中间，在…之间ad．当中，中间beyondprep．在…那边，在…以外；超出，超过ad．在那边，在远外biblen．圣经bicyclen．自行车bidvt 出价，投标n．出价，投标biga．大的，重要的bike = bicyclebilln．账单；票据；纸币；提案billionn． (美)十亿；(英)万亿bindvt．绑，包扎；束缚biologicala．生物学的biologyn．生物学birdn．鸟，禽birthn．出生；出身；起源birthdayn．生日biscuitn．饼干bitn．一片，一点，一些bitev．/n．咬，叮n．一口bitter a．苦味的；痛苦的；严寒的blacka．/n．黑，黑色；黑暗n．黑色；黑人blackboardn．黑板bladen．刀刃，刀片；叶片；翼blamevt．责备，怪，怨；(on)把…归咎于n． (过错，事故等的)责任；责怪，责备blankn．空白；空白表格a．空白的，空着的；茫然的，无表情的blanketn．毛毯，毯子blastvt．炸掉，摧毁n．爆炸，爆破；一阵(风) bleedvi．出血，流血blinda．盲的，瞎的；盲目的vt．使失明；蒙蔽blockvt．阻塞，封锁；n．街区，街段；大块(木料，石料，金属，冰等)；阻塞物，路障blood1．血，血液；血统，血亲bloomvi．/n．开花，繁荣n．花；开花期blowvi．吹，吹气，打气；爆炸，爆裂n．打，殴打，打击bluea．蓝色的；脸色发灰的；忧郁的n．蓝色boardn．板，木板，纸板；董事会，理事会vt．上船／车／飞机boastvi．(of／about)夸耀，说大话 vt．吹嘘；以拥有…而自豪n．自吹自擂boatn．船，小船bodyn．身体，躯体；主体；物体；尸体；(一)群，(一)批boilvi．沸腾vt．煮沸bolda．勇敢的；冒失的；醒目的；(线，字等)粗的boltn．螺栓，插销；霹雳vt．闩门，关窗，拴住bombn．炸弹vt．轰炸bondn．契约，公债，债券；联结，联系bonen．骨，骨骼bookn．书，书籍vt．定，预定boomv．／n．隆隆声；繁荣，兴隆起来bootn．靴子boothn．电话亭；货摊bordern．边缘；边界，边境vi．交界，与…毗邻；与…相似borevt．钻洞，打眼，钻探；使厌烦n．令人讨厌的人／物boringa．令人厌烦的n．钻孔borna．出生的；天生的，生来的borrowvt．借，借用bossn．老板，上司，头儿bothpron．二者，双方a．两，双bothervt．打扰，麻烦vi．担心，烦恼n．烦恼，焦急bottlen．瓶子bottomn．底，底部bounda．必定，注定；受约束的；开往boundaryn．界线，边界bown．弓，弓形bowvi．／n．鞠躬，点头bowln．碗，钵boxn．箱子，盒子vi．拳击；打耳光boxingn．拳击boyn．男孩，儿子brainn．大脑，脑髓；(pl．)心智，智力brakev．／n．刹车n．闸，制动器branchn．枝，树枝；分支，分科brandn．商标，(商品的)牌子bravea．勇敢的，英勇的breadn．面包breadthn．宽度breakvt．打破，打碎；损坏，破坏，违反；中止n． (课间或工间)休息时间vi．破，破裂breakfastn．早饭，早餐breastn．胸脯，乳房breathn．呼吸，气息breathev．吸入，呼吸breedvt．生殖，繁殖；生产，饲养 n．品种，种类breezen．微风，和风brickn．砖，砖状物briden．新娘bridgen．桥，桥梁；桥牌briefa．简短的，简洁的；短暂的vt．简单介绍bright a．明亮的，光明的；聪明的，伶俐的；快活的，美好的；(颜色)鲜艳的brillianta．辉煌的，灿烂的；杰出的，有才华的bringv．拿来，带来；产生，引起；使处于某种状态britisha． (大)不列颠(人)的；英国(人)的n．英国人broada．宽，广，广阔；宽宏，豁达broadcastn．／v．广播，播音bronzen．青铜[铜与锡合金]；铜像adj．青铜色的brothern．兄弟，同胞brown．眉，眉毛browsev．／n．浏览browna．／n．棕色brushvt．刷n．刷，毛刷，画笔bubblen．泡，水泡，气泡vi．冒泡，起泡，沸腾bucketn．吊桶，水桶budgetn．预算vi．做预算，编入预算buildvt．修建，建造，建立buildingn．建筑物，大楼bulkn．体积，容积；大块，大批；大部分，主体bulletn．子弹，枪弹bunchn．一束，一串bundlen．捆，包，束burdenn．担子，重担，负担；义务，责任bureaun．司，局，处，部，所，署burnv．燃烧，烧毁v．／n．灼伤，烧伤burstvi．／n．破裂，爆炸vi． (into)突然发生，突然发作buryvt．埋，安葬busn．公共汽车bushn．灌木，灌木丛businessn．生意，业务；事务，职责；行业busya．忙，忙碌；热闹的，繁忙的；(电话)占线butconj．可是，但是，然而prep．除…之外ad．只，仅仅butchern．屠夫，卖肉者buttern．黄油，奶油butterflyn．蝴蝶buttonn．扣子；按钮 vt．亨口，亨口紧buyvt．买，购买byprep．在…旁，靠近；被，由；在…前，到…为止；经，沿，通过;[表示方法，手段]靠，用，通过；按照，根据ad．在旁，近旁，经过byeint．再见Ccabn．出租车cabbagen．卷心菜，甘蓝cabinn．小木屋；机舱，船舱cabinetn．橱柜；内阁cablen．缆，索；电缆；海底电报cagen．笼，鸟笼caken．饼，糕，蛋糕calciumn．钙calculatevt．计算，推算；估计，推测；计划，打算calculatorn．计算器calendarn．日历，月历callvt．叫做，称为；叫，招呼；打电话vi．拜访，访问;叫，招呼；打电话n．叫，招呼；号召；拜访，访问；打电话calma．平静，镇静，沉着n． (使)镇静，(使)镇定n．平静，风平浪静cameln．骆驼cameran．照相机，摄影机campn．野营，营地，帐篷vi．设营，宿营campaignn．战役；运动campusn． (大学)校园canaux．v．能，会；可能；可以n．罐头，铁罐，易拉罐canadiana．加拿大(人)的n．加拿大人canaln．运河，渠cancelvt．取消，撤销；删去cancern．癌candidaten．候选人；报考者；求职者candlen．蜡烛candyn． [美]糖果capn．便帽，军帽；帽状物capabilityn．能力，才能；性能，容量capablea．能干的，有能力的，有才能的capacityn．容量，容积；能量；能力；接受力capitaln．首都；资本，资金a．主要的，基本的captainn．首领，队长；船长，舰长；陆军上尉，海军上校capturevt．捕获，捉拿；夺取，攻占carn．汽车，车辆，车carbonn．碳cardn．卡片，名片；纸片caren．注意，小心；挂念；照顾，照料vi．关心，计较；喜欢，愿意careern．生涯，经历；专业，职业carefula．小心的，仔细的carelessa．粗心的，草率的cargon．船货，货物carpetn．地毯carriagen．马车，客车，车厢carriern．搬运人；携带者；运载工具carrotn．胡萝卜carryvt．搬运，运送，携带；传送，传播cartoonn．卡通画，漫画；卡通片，动画片casen．事实，情况；案件；病例；箱子，盒子cashn．现金，现款castvt．投，掷，抛；铸造n．演员表castlen．城堡casuala．随便的；偶然的；临时的catn．猫catalog(Ue)n．目录vt．将…编入目录catchvt．捕，捉；赶上；感染，染上病；听清楚categoryn．种类，别，[逻]范畴cattlen．工复数]牛causen．原因，理由，缘故；事业，奋斗目标vt．引起caven．洞，窖洞ceilingn．天花板celebratevt．庆祝，庆贺celln．细胞；电池celsiusa．摄氏的cementn．水泥cceennctn．分，分;[作单位用]百center／-tren．中心，中央v．集中centigradea．摄氏温度的centimeter／-tren．厘米central a．中心的，中央的，中枢的；主要的centuryn．世纪，百年ceremonyn．仪式，典礼，礼节certaina．确实的，可靠的；某一，某些；一定的，必然的certificaten．证(明)书chainn．链，链条；一连串，连锁chairn．椅子；主席chairmann．主席，议长，会长chaIIengen．挑战，挑战书；艰巨任务，难题vt．向…挑战chambern．室；议院championn．冠军，优胜者chancen．机会，机遇；可能性，偶然性，运气changev．/n．改变，变化vt．换，兑换n．找头，零头channeln．海峡，水道，沟渠，渠道；频道chaptern．章，回，篇charactern．性格，品质；特性，特征；人物，角色；（书写或印刷）符号，（汉字）characteristica．特有的，独特的n．特征，特性characterizevt．描绘…的特性，刻划…的性格chargevt．控诉，控告；要价，收费；装，(满)，充电；袭击，冲锋n．罪名，指控；收费；主管，看管；充电chartn．图表，图chasev．/n．追赶，追逐chatvi．/n．聊天cheapa．便宜，贱；低劣，劣质的cheatvt．欺骗，骗取vi．作弊，欺诈n．欺骗；骗子checkvt．/n．检查，核对；制止，控制n．支票，账单cheekn．面颊cheerv．／n．喝采，欢呼vt．使高兴，使振作cheerfula．快乐的，高兴的cheesen．干酪，乳酪chemicala．化学的n．化学制品／产品／物质／成分chemistn．化学家，药剂师chemistryn．化学cheque = checkn．支票，账单chess n．棋chestn．柜子，橱；胸脯，胸腔chewv．咀嚼chickenn．小鸡，鸡肉chiefa．主要的，首要的n．领袖，首领childn． (p1．children)孩子，儿童，子女childhoodn．幼年，童年chilln．凉气，寒气；寒战chillya．寒冷的chimneyn．烟囱，烟筒chinn．下巴chinan．瓷器Chinesea．中国(人／话)的n．中国人，汉语chipn．薄皮，碎片；集成，电路块chocolaten．巧克力choicen．选择；选择机会choosevt．选择，挑拣chopv．砍，劈，剁碎n．砍，劈，剁；排骨Christiann．基督教徒a．基督教(徒)的Christmasn．圣诞节churchn．教堂，(C-)教会cigaret(te)n．香烟，纸烟cineman．电影院circlen．圆，圈，圆周；圈子，集团；周期，循环v．环绕，盘旋；划圈circuitn．电路，线路circulara．圆形的；循环的circulatev． (使)循环，(使)流通circumstancen． (pl．)情形，环境，条件citizenn．公民，市民，居民cityn．城市，都市civiladj．市民的，公民的，国民的；民间的；民事的，根据民法的；文职的civilization／-sationn．文明，文化civilize／-iSevt．使文明，使开化claimwf．声称，主张；要求，认领，索赔n．权利；要求；主张clarifyvi．澄清，阐明vt．使明晰classn．种类，等级，阶级；班，班级，年级；(一节)课classicn．名著，杰作classicala．经典的，古典的classificationn．分类，分级classifyvt．分类，分级classmaten．同班同学classroomn．教室clausen．子句，从句；(章程、条约等的)条，项；条款clawn．爪clayn．泥土，黏土cleana．清洁的，干净的vt．弄清洁，擦干净cleara．明亮的，清澈的；晴朗的 a．/ad．清楚，清晰vt．清除；澄清；晴朗起来clerkn．办事员，职员，店员clevera．聪明的，伶俐的；机敏的，机巧的clickn．一击clientn．顾客；委托人；当事人cliffn．崖，悬崖climaten．气候；风气，社会思潮climbc．／n．爬，攀登clinicn．诊所clinicala．门诊的，临床的clockn．钟clonen．克隆v．克隆coden．代码，代号，密码，编码closev．关，关闭；结束a．近的；紧密的，亲密的；周密的，仔细的n．结束，了结ad．接近，紧密地clothn．布，织物，衣料；(一块)布clothev．给…穿衣clothesn．衣服clothingn． [总称]衣服cloudn．云，云状物cloudya．多云，阴；似云的；模糊不清的clubn．俱乐部，社；棒，球棒cluen．线索；提示coachn．客车，长途汽车；私人教练，教练v．训练，辅导，指导coaln．煤，煤块coarsea．粗，粗糙，粗劣；粗鲁，粗俗coastn．海岸，海滨coatn．外套，上衣；涂层v．涂上，包上cockn．公鸡，雄鸟；旋塞，开关coffee n．叻口啡coilv．卷，盘绕n． (一)卷，(一)圈，圈线coinn．硬币，货币colda．冷的，寒冷的；冷淡的n．寒冷；感冒collapsevi．／n．倒塌；崩溃collarn．衣袖，领子；(狗的)项圈colleaguen．同事，同僚collectvt．收集，收(税等)vi．聚集，堆积collectionn．收藏，收集；收藏品collectivea．集体的，共同的n．集体collegen．学院，大学collidevi． (with)碰撞，抵触collisionn．碰撞，冲突，抵触colonyn．殖民地；聚居地colo(U)rn．颜色，色彩；颜料；肤色 vi．给…染色colorfula．多色；丰富多彩的columnn．柱，柱状物；栏，专栏(文章)combinationn．结合，联合combinev．结合，联合，化合comevi．来，来到；出现，产生comfortvt．／n．慰问，安慰n．安逸，舒适comfortablea．舒适的，舒服的commandvt．／n．命令，指挥n．掌握，运用能力commandern．司令官，指挥官commentn．／v．解说，评论commercen．商业，贸易commerciala．商业的，商务的n．商业广告commissionn．委员会，调查团；佣金，酬劳金commitv．犯(罪)，干(错事) committeen．委员会，全体委员commodityn． (p1．)日用品；商品；农／矿产品；有用的东西commona．普通的，平常的；公共的，共同的communicatevt．传达，交流，通讯vi．传达，传播communicationn．通讯，通信；交际，交流；传达，传送communismn．共产主义communistn．共产党员a．共产主义的，共产党的communityn．社区companionn．同伴，伴侣companyn．公司，商号；陪伴，同伴comparablea．可比较的，比得上的comparativea．比较的，相当的comparevt．比较，相比，对照comparisonn．比较，对照，比喻，比较关系compelvt．强迫，迫使compensatevt．给…补偿，酬报；给…付工钱；赔偿competevi．比赛，竞赛competenta．有能力的，胜任的competitionn．比赛，竞赛competitorn．竞争对手complainvi．抱怨，诉苦，申诉complaintn．抱怨，怨言；控告completea．全，完全；已完成的，彻底的vt．完成，结束complexa．复杂的，复合的complicateda．错综复杂的，难懂的componentn．组成部分，成分；部件，元件composevt．写作，作曲；(of)由…组成composern．作曲家，创作者compositionn．写作，作文，习作；成分，合成物；乐曲compounda．复合的n．复合物，化合物comprehensionn．理解(力)，领悟coinputern．计算机concealvt．隐瞒，隐藏，隐蔽concentratebt．集中；聚集；浓缩bi．集中，专心concentrationn．专注，专心；集中；浓度conceptn．概念，观念concernvt．涉及，关系到n．/v．关心，挂念concertn．音乐会，演奏会concludevt．结束，完结；下结论，断定conclusionn．结束，终结，结论；推断，推论concreten．混凝土d．具体的，实质性的condemnvt．谴责，指责；宣判，判刑conditionn．状况，状态；(pl．)环境，情形；条件conditionern．调节装置，空调conduct vt．引导，指挥；传电，传热 n．行为，品行conductionn．传导conductorn．领队，乐队指挥；售票员，列车员；导体conferencen．会议，讨论会confidencen．信任，信心confidenta．确信的，有自信的confirmvt．证实；进一步确定；确认，批准conflictn．争论，抵触，冲突vi．抵触，冲突confusevt．使混淆，搞乱confusionn．混淆，搞乱congratulatevt．祝贺，向…贺喜congratulation(S)n．祝贺，恭喜congressn．代表大会；国会，议会connectvt．连接，联系vi．连接，相通connectionn．连接，联系，关系conquervt．征服，战胜consciencen．良心，道德心consciousa．意识到的；有知觉的；有觉悟的，自觉的conservevt．保存，保护；节约，节省；守恒，不灭considervt．考虑，细想；认为，以为；关心，顾及considerablea．相当的，可观的，consideratea．考虑周到，体谅的considerationn．考虑；要考虑的事；体贴，关心consistvi． (of)由…构成，由…组成；(in)在于consequentadj．作为结果的，随之发生的constanta．不断的，持续的；始终如一的；坚定的，忠实的；恒定的，经常的constructvt．建设，建造consultvt．请教，咨询；查阅；就诊 vi．商量，会诊consultantn．顾问consumevt．消费，消耗consumern．用户，消费者contactvt．／n．接触，联系，交往containvt．容纳，含有，装有；克制，抑制containern．容器，集装箱contentn． (pl．)内容，目录a．满足的，满意的contestv／．／n．竞争，比赛；争论，争辩continent n．大陆，洲continuala．不断的，频繁的continuev．连续，继续continuousa．连续的，继续的，持续的contractn．契约，合同，包工v．收缩；感染；定约contradictionn．反驳，矛盾contrarya．相反的，矛盾的n．相反，反面contrastv．／n．对照，对比contributev．捐助，捐献，投稿contributionn．贡献，捐助，捐助之物controlvt．／n．控制，操纵；抑制controversialadj．争论的；引起争论的；被议论的；可疑的conveniencen．便利，方便convenienta．便利的，方便的conventionn．习俗，惯例；大会，会议；公约conventionala．普通的，常见的；习惯的，常规的conversationn．会话，谈话convertvt．把…改变为，转换，兑换convincevt．使信服，使确信cookv．烹调，煮，烧n．炊事员，厨师coola．凉，凉爽；冷静，沉着，冷淡v． (使)冷却，(使)镇静cooperatevi．合作，协作，相配合coordinatev． (使)协调，调整；(使)互相配合copevi． (with)对付，应付coppern．铜；铜币，铜制品copyn．抄件，副本；本，册v．抄写，复印，临摹copyrightn．版权，著作权coren．核心，要点；果心cornn．谷物；[美]玉米；[英]小麦cornern．角，角落corporatea．公司的；法人组织的；社团的；共同的；自治的，corporationn．公司，团体correcta．正确的；恰当的，合适的 vt．改正，修改，矫正correspondvi． (to)相当，对应；(with)符合；通讯correspondentn．通讯员，记者correspondinga．相应的，相当的；符合的，一致的corridorn．走廊corrupta．腐化的，贪污的cosmeticn．化妆品adj．化妆用的costn．成本，费用，代价v．值，花费costlya．昂贵，代价高的cottonn．棉花；棉纱，棉织品coughvi．／n．咳嗽couldaux．v．[can的过去时]counciln．理事会，委员会；议事机构counseln．／v．劝告，建议countvt．数，计算；看做，认为vi．计数；指望countern．柜台，计数器a．／ad．相反的(地)，反对的(地) v．反对，对抗countryn．国家；农村，乡间countrysiden．乡下，农村countyn．郡，县couplen．对，双；夫妇couragen．勇气，胆量coursen．进程，过程；课程；(一)道(菜)courtn．法院，法庭；宫殿，朝廷；院子；球场cousinn．堂／表兄弟，堂／表姐妹covervt．盖，覆；包括，涉及n．覆盖物，套，封面cown．母牛，奶牛cowboyn．牛仔，牧童crackvi． (使)破裂，砸开；发爆裂声n．裂纹，龟裂；爆裂声craftn．技巧，手艺；飞机，飞船crashv．n．摔坏，坠毁crawlvi．／n．爬行，慢行crazya．疯狂的，蠢的；(about)狂热爱好，着迷的creamn．奶油；奶油色createvt．创造，创作；产生；制造，建立creativea．有创造力的，创造性的creaturen．人，动物，生物credibleadj．可信的，可靠的creditn．信贷，赊欠；信用，信誉；名誉，名望；光荣，功劳；学分vt．记入贷方creepn．爬，徐行，蠕动vi．爬，蔓延，潜行crewn．全体船员，全体乘务员crimen．罪，罪行，犯罪criminal a．犯罪的，刑事的n．罪犯，刑事犯crisisn．危机；决定性时刻criticn．批评家，评论家criticala．批评的，批判的；危急的，紧要的criticismn．批评，评论criticize／-cisevt．批评，评论cropn．农作物，庄稼；收成crossv．越过，穿过；使交叉，使相交n．十字形，十字架a．交叉的，横穿的crossingn．横越，横渡；交叉点，渡口crowdn．人群，群众v．挤满，拥挤crowdeda．拥挤的crudea．天然，未加工的；简陋的；粗鲁的cruela．残酷的，残忍的crushn．／v．压碎，榨；压服，压垮crustn．外壳，面包皮cryv．／n．叫，喊，哭泣crystaln．水晶，晶体a．水晶的，晶体的；透明的cubica．立体的，立方的；三次的culturen．文化；修养，教养cupn．杯子，奖杯；(一)杯curen．／v．治愈，医治n．良药，疗法curiosityn．好奇(心)curiousa．好奇的，爱打听的curln．卷曲，鬈发vt．弄卷vi．卷曲，弯曲currencyn．货币，通货currentn．流，水流，气流，电流；潮流，趋势a．通用的，流行的，当前的cursen．／v．诅咒，咒骂curtainn．窗帘，幕(布)curvev．弄弯，使成曲线n．曲线，弯曲cushionn．垫子，坐垫customn．习惯，风俗，惯例；(pl．)海关customern．顾客，主顾cutn．／v．切，剪，割，削；删，缩减n．伤口cyclen．周期，循环n．启行车cyclistn．骑自行车／摩托车的人cylindern．圆柱体，圆筒；汽缸Ddailya．每日的，日常的ad．每日，天天n．日报dairyn．牛奶场，奶店；乳制品damn．堤，坝damagevt．损害，毁坏n．损害，毁坏；(pl．)损害赔偿费damnv．／n．诅咒dampa．潮湿的dancevi．跳舞n．舞蹈，舞会dangern．危险，威胁dangerousa．危险的，不安全的darevt．敢，竟敢；向…挑战aux．v．敢，胆敢darka．暗，黑暗；深色，黑色 n．黑暗，暗处datan．资料，材料database／—bankn．数据库daten．日期，年代；约会v．注日期；约会daughtern．女儿dawnn．黎明，曙光vi．破晓；开始发展dayn．白昼，白天；(一)天daylightn．白昼，日光deada．死的；无感觉的deadlinen．最后期限，截止交稿日期deadlya．致命的，致死的；极有害的deafa．聋的；不愿听的，装聋的dealv． (with)处理，应付；给予 n．交易，买卖；契约deara．贵的；亲爱的，可爱的int．啊，哎呀deathn．死，死亡；消亡，毁灭debaten．／vt．争论，辩论debtn．债，欠债decaden．十年deceivev．欺骗，蒙骗Decembern．十二月decidev．决定；裁决decisionn．决心，决定；果断declarationn．宣布，宣告；声明；申报declarevt．断言，宣称；宣布，宣告，声明；申报declinevi．减少，下降；衰落；婉言拒绝decorate vt．装饰，装璜，布置decreasev．／n．减少，减小deedn．行为，行动；功绩，事迹deepa．深的，深刻的；深奥的；深切的ad．深深地deern．鹿defeatvt．／n．战胜，挫败defence／-sen．防御，保卫；答辩defendvt．保卫，防守；答辩defendantn．被告deficitn．不足，缺陷；亏损，亏空(额)；赤字，逆差，欠缺definevt．下定义，解释definitea．明确的，确定的，限定的definitelyad．明确地，一定地definitionn．定义，解释degreen．度，程度；等级；学位delayv．／n．推迟；耽搁，延误deletevt．删除delicatea．纤弱，娇嫩，易碎；优美，精美，精致；微妙，棘手；灵敏，精密deliciousa．美味的，芬芳的delightn．快乐，高兴vt．使高兴，使欣喜delivervt．交付，递送；释放，解救；发表，表达deliveryn．传电；传送，交付；分娩demandvt．／n．要求，需要democracyn．民主，民主制；民主国家democratica．民主的，有民主精神／作风的demonstratevt．表明；论证；演示vi．示威densea．密的，稠密的，浓密的densityn．稠密；密度dentala．牙齿的dentistn．牙科医生denyv．否定，否认；拒绝，谢绝departv．出发，离开departmentn．部门，系departuren．离开，出发dependvi． (on／upon)依靠，依赖；信任；决定于dependenta． (on／upon)依靠的，依赖的，从属的depositat．存放，寄存；储蓄；使沉淀n．存款；押金，保证金；沉淀物depress vt．压抑；降低depressionn．不景气，萧条；沮丧，消沉depthn．深度；深厚，深切describevt．描述，形容descriptionn．描写，形容；说明书desertn．沙漠，不毛之地vt．离开，抛弃；从…开小差deservevt．应受，值得designvt．计划，设计，制图n．图纸；图案，花样；设计desirablea．合乎需要的，令人满意的desirev．／n．愿望，欲望；要求deskn．书桌，服务台，办公桌despairvi．/n．失望，绝望desperatea．绝望的，危急的；不顾一切的，挺而走险的despiteprep．不管，不顾destroyvt．破坏，摧毁；消灭，扑灭；打破，粉碎destructionn．破坏，毁灭detailn．细节，详情；枝节，琐事 vt．详述，详谈detaileda．详细的detectvt．察觉，发现detection。

在职硕士全国英语联考辅导—翻译1. We all know that the most powerful force in our lives is love. In addition to providing us with soul-warming companionship, the emotion of love is truly inspiring.Of course, the facts of our lives tell a somewhat sad story. We have a very hard time making love last. The divorce rate in the U.S. is still around 50 percent. That figure doesn’t even cover the many couples that live together without marriage and whose unions are even more likely to dissolve.Relationships fail because people have the misconception about what to expect in marriage. The fantasy is that everything will be wonderful as long as you find the perfect person –your missing half. But marriage is a team sport. It’s one team with two people, with two different minds. The difficulty is that these two people disagree all the time. They need to know nondestructive ways of expressing differences and must also be prepared for the inevitable disappointments that come from living with another person.2. For those who care abo ut government ―by the people‖, the decline in public understanding cannot go unchallenged. In a world where human survival is at stake, ignorance is not an acceptable alternative. The full control of policy by specialists with limited perspective is not tolerable. Unless we find better ways to educate ourselves, as citizens, unless hard questions are asked and satisfactory answers are offered, we run the risk of making critical decisions, not on the basis of what we know, but on the basis of blind faith in one or another set of professed experts.3. Outside job experience is extremely useful for children who will one day assume control. Working outside the family business can give them valuable experience, expose them to differing management styles and give them the confidence to know that their successes are their own. Often they will receive better mentoring and more opportunities to take responsibility than they would in the family business. Proving themselves outside the family business also gives children greater credibility with employees when they do eventually take control of the family business.4. Dr. E. James Anthony is professor of child psychiatry at Washington University School of Medicine and co-author of ―Parenthood, Its Psychology andPsychopa thology.‖ In a recent conversation Dr. Anthony said,‖ Many people I’ve talked to are very concerned about their own future and the future of children in this rather troubled world. In the past there was always a feeling implicit in the culture that parenthood was something very significant, attractive, enriching and creative. Now it seems to be going by the board. There seem to be so many other opportunities for women to express themselves creatively and family life requires them to give so many things that the emphasis on family life as a good and creative thing, a way to contribute to the future of the world, doesn't really ring a bell with many young people.5.Sometimes it is interpersonal skills rather than professional skills that really countin your career. Interpersonal skills are nothing but the ability to be a good listener, be sensitive toward others’ needs and take criticism well. People with skill in social relations admit their mistakes and take their share of blame, which is a mature and responsi ble way to handle an error. That’s why many mediocre employees survive violent corporate upheavals while people of great talent are being laid off. Because they are sensitive in their dealings with others, they are well liked everywhere. People with poor interpersonal skills have trouble taking criticism. When confronted with a mistake they let their ego get in the way. They deny responsibility and became moody or angry. They mark themselves as ―prickly‖ with whom people feel it hard to get along well.6.Among all the important skills of human beings, social skills are regarded as themost important. In an information age, communication with others in all walks of life plays an important role. No wonder that many students are deliberately working on their social skills. Common sense has told us that those who have successful love affairs usually possess excellent social skills. They are good at promoting an easy-going relation with their partners, which naturally result in a romantic affair. The same is true for family life. Good social skills are essential to keep family member on good terms with each other, bringing about a happy family life. Moreover, statistics show that one’s career success depends heavily on his or her social skills.。

06在职攻读硕士学位全国联考词汇总结二critical If you really understood the difficulties facing the government, you wouldn’t be so critical of its spending reductions.Crucial urgent pressing decisiveIronic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcasticcure This medicine should cure you of your cold.Remind relieve inform deprive rob breakIt is not my custom to give in.Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine natureThe damage to the house caused by the storm took several days to repair.destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distressgrieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic decline Steel production has been on the decline in these countries.Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reducedeep They dived deep into the ocean.She was deeply interested in classical music.degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree. Extentdeem They deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying.Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/stu dy/reflect/think overA good mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm.Demand/require/call fordeny They denied her the opportunity to see her father.refuse decline rejects turn downdie She died of an illness; and he died a beggar.The storms are dying down.The noise of the car died away in the distance.The members of the family had all died off.This species has died out.Can you describe what he looks like?Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/charactefize/represent/define/tellThey were determined that he make a big fortune in his forties.Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/seriousShe was in his eyes a devoted。