短文填空(三)根据首字母提示及文意补全短文阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容及首字母提示,在短文空白处填入一个恰当的词,使短文内容完整、通顺。
A[2019·南京]Chinese writing is one of the world’s greatest writing systems. It is more 1.w in use than alphabetic(字母的) writing systems. More than half of the world’s books are written in Chinese, including historical writings and novels, along with writings on government and law.At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based 2.l. It dates back several thousand years to the 3.u of animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved(刻) by ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in 4.t hanzi.By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols had become a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were 5.d geographically, leading to different dialects(方言) and characters. This, however, 6.c under Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty.Emperor Qinshihuang united(统一) the seven major states into one country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. That writing system was of great 7.i in uniting the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still 8.c in writing. Written Chinese has also become an important method to 9.c China’s present with its past. People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times.Today, Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture. As China plays a 10.g role in the world, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate(欣赏) China’s culture through this amazing language. Written Chinese spreads Chinese culture wherever it goes.B[2019·泰州]Everyone knows that second-hand smoke is as dangerous as first-hand smoke. But have you 1.h of “third-hand” smoke?Third-hand smoke means the pollution left on the surfaces(表面) of things around, 2.l furniture or clothes. When someone smokes in a room, poisonous particles(粒子) in tobacco(烟草) smoke land on the surfaces of the furniture or his clothes, even after the cigarette(香烟) has been put out. This can cause a great danger to your family, 3.e younger children.Babies have only just learned to walk. They are more likely to be harmed by third-hand smoke. This is 4.b they are often close to surfaces of things, such as floors, walls and furniture where tobacco particles remain. When they 5.t these surfaces, they get their hands polluted.So, it is necessary and important to say 6.n to third-hand smoke. To achieve this, strict7.r for forbidding(禁止) smoking inside homes should be carried out. If one of your family members smokes, please make sure he smokes 8.o the house. Get him a special jacket and hat, so once he 9.f smoking, he will take them off before getting inside the house. Moreover, make sure that a smoker washes his hands and face, and changes his clothes before picking up the baby.Many times, you cannot see the smoke doing harm to your child, but it doesn’t mean he or she is 10.s. Give up smoking, or if that is not possible, make sure that your loved ones are far away from third-hand smoke.CThe Clever Learning MethodsWhy do you need study skills? Because they will make it 1.e for you to learn and do well in class, especially as you move up to middle school and high school.•Pay attention in classDo you have 2.d paying attention in class? Are you sitting next to a loud person? Is it hard to see the blackboard? Make sure you’re sitting in a good seat that makes you pay attention. Tell your teacher or parents about any problem that is stopping you from paying attention and taking good notes.•Take good notesNot sure how to take notes? Start by writing down facts that your teacher mentions 3.o writes on the blackboard in class. Try your best to use good handwriting so that you can read your notes later. It’s also a good idea to keep your notes, quizzes, and papers 4.o by subject.•Plan 5.b testsIt’s not wise of you to wait until 6.T night to study for Friday’s test. It also makes it hard to do your best. You’ll feel sorry for 7.p off things often. One of the best ways is to plan ahead.•Get a good night’s sleepSo the test is tomorrow and you’ve followed your study plan, but 8.s you can’t remember anything, not even 2+2! D on’t worry. Your brain needs time to digest(消化) all the 9.i you’ve given it. Try to get a good night’s sleep and you’ll be 10.s by what comes back to you in the morning!DEating junk food and being lazy are common problems for teenagers.1.G speaking, if you eat the right food and exercise more, you can feel better, look better and have more energy. So a healthy diet along with regular exercise is the most 2.u way to become fit.As a teenager, it is important to give your body the energy it 3.n. For a healthy diet, you should eat mostly rice, bread, vegetables and 4.f. You also need to drink a lot of water—six to eight glasses a day.5.D enough water will improve your skin and give you healthy hair.Exercise is something that can 6.h to make you look good, feel good and be healthy. Teenagers should spend at 7.l30 minutes exercising every day. Walking and riding your bike count, and so do school sports. When you exercise, your body 8.p some things that make you feel peaceful and 9.r and increase your ability to concentrate when you study. These things can even help you sleep better at night. Enough sleep is also important for your health. Teenagers need eight to ten hours of sleep each night.If you follow the 10.s above, you will look and feel much better in no time at all.EFor a long time, people thought that the floor of the ocean was a very quiet place. Some thought that it was almost without any 1.s at all.Scientists were surprised when they put a microphone(麦克风) under water and heard all kinds of noises. They heard grunts, growls, snarls and whistles. The 2.b of the sea sounded like a zoo! The scientists were puzzled(迷惑的) when they found out these noises were 3.c from fish.Some fish make noise by grinding their teeth. Others scrape their bones together. Still others make noise with the sac of air in their bodies. 4.W fish make these sounds is somewhat a mystery(谜). Some scientists think that the fish use these noises to 5.s to one another. Most people believe the sounds have no meaning.Scientists have found out that the dolphin 6.k the meaning of some sounds. Tests show that it is one of the smartest 7.a in the sea. People say that they have been able to teach the dolphin many human words. At Marineland of the Pacific, it is said that dolphins have even been taught to sing. They rise to the 8.s of the water and sing for visitors. At least it sounds somewhat like singing!Who knows? We may be able to talk with the dolphin and learn many secrets of the sea sometime soon. Just think what the dolphin could tell us. We could learn the location of treasure ships 9.u the sea. We could learn where to find great schools of fish. We might 10.e learn the location of submarines(潜艇). It could be an exciting moment when we first begin to find out what those voices from the ocean floor are saying.FOver 2,000 years ago, in China, there lived a boy called Confucius. When he was 1.o three, his father died. His mother was very poor. In those days people had to pay to go to school and his mother did not have enough 2.m to send him.As Confucius grew up, he wanted to learn things. So he 3.d to teach himself. Unfortunately he was a strange-looking boy. The other children pointed and made fun of him. They called him names and laughed at him. Confucius got very upset, but he was a kind, gentle boy and did not fight 4.b.Confucius did not play with other children. He went off to talk to holy men in the temple and learned from them. He 5.t to artists and musicians and learned from them. If he tried to do something difficult, he kept trying over and over again 6.u he learned how to do it. In this way the boy taught himself to read and 7.w and learned lots of interesting things. Confucius grew up to be a very 8.c man.When he was a man, Confucius became the ruler of the city of Changtu. People were very 9.h, when he was their leader. He used his abilities and skills in a 10.w way.People sometimes call him the greatest man who ever lived. We still remember many of his sayings today.【参考答案】A[主旨大意]汉字是中国文化的重要组成部分。
