Unit5
单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)
语法精讲
一般现在时的被动语态
1.主动语态与被动语态
语态是英语句子中表明句子主语与谓语之间动作关系的一个概念，具体分为主动语态与被动语态两种。
主动语态表明的是“句子谓语动作是由主语发出，即主语是谓语动作的执行者”这一主谓关系。而被动语态表明的则是“句子谓语动作不是由主语发出的，主语反而是谓语动作的承受者”这一主谓关系。如: Many people speak English.许多人讲英语。(主动语态，主语“Many people”是谓语动作“speak”的执行者) English is spoken by many people.英语被许多人讲。(被动语态，主语“English”是谓语动作“is spoken”的承受者)
2.一般现在时的被动语态
一般现在时的被动语态其谓语结构为:am/is/are＋及物动词的过去分词
(1)肯定句结构为:主语＋am/is/are＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他。如:
Farm machines are made in that factory.农场机械是在那个工厂被制造的。
(2)否定句结构为:主语＋am/is/are＋not＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他。如:
Farm machines are not made in that factory.农场机械没有在那个工厂被制造。
(3)一般疑问句结构为:Am/Is/Are＋主语＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他。如:
Are farm machines made in that factory？农场机械是在那个工厂被制造的吗？
注意:
①happen，belong to，have，cost，last，own，stay等一般不用被动语态。
②taste，sound，prove，feel，look，smell等系动词常用主动形式表示被动意义。除此之外，read，sell，
wash，write等动词用来说明主语的性质特征时，也常用主动形式表示被动意义。
语法精练
Ⅰ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
________(learn) as a foreign language in most of Chinese schools.
dogs ________(take) good care of by my mother.
，my homework ________(not do) in the afternoon.
the flowers ________(water) every day?
________(not sell) well in that shop.
our school ________(visit) by many people every day?
languages ________(use) in this country.
workers ________(make) to work 12 hours every day.
exercises ________ often ________(do) by the students in class.
car ________ always ________(clean) by Mr. Zhang in the morning.
Ⅱ.按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。
don't make this kind of watch in Beijing.(改为被动语态)
This kind of watch ________ ________ by them in Beijing.
bike is mended by Uncle Li.(对画线部分提问)________ ________ the bike mended by?
trees are watered by them once a week.(改为主动语态) ________ ________ the trees once a week.
she often look after the old woman？(改为被动语态)
________ the old woman often ________ after by her?
is grown in the south of China.(改为一般疑问句) ________ tea ________ in the south of China?
Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。
16.英语老师经常使用录音机。Recorders ________ often ________ ________ English teachers.
17.你的手机是国产的吗？________ your mobile phone ________ ________ China?
18.这个老师每天给我们很多作业。Much homework ______ _______ _______ us by the teacher every day.
19.韩梅每天读很多书吗？________ a lot of reading ________ by Han Mei every day?
20.大家都喜欢这本书。The book ________ ________ ________ everyone.
单元重难点题组训练
题组训练一be known/famous for的用法
Ⅰ.单项选择。
( )1.—Peng Liyuan is ________ Chinese people as a beautiful and popular singer.
—And now she is also the First Lady in China.
A. known as
B. proud of
C. famous for
D. well－known to
( ) is famous ________ its beautiful beaches. A. of B. for C. as D. to
( ) is known ________ a popular singer. A. as B. for C. to D. of
题组训练二no matter的用法
Ⅰ.单项选择。
( )1. ________ I am in trouble，my best friend Li Lei always helps me.
A. Whenever
B. Whatever
C. However
D. Never
( )'s dad is getting old. She will go back home to see him ________ it is convenient.
A. because
B. whenever
C. although
D. unless
( )3.—Remember，Bob，________ happens，keep calm and quiet. —I will. Thanks, Dad.
A. no matter when
B. no matter what
C. no matter how
D. no matter where
题组训练三complete与finish辨析
Ⅰ.单项选择。
( ) to return the book to the library when you finish ________ it.
A. read
B. to read
C. reading
D. reads
( ) the students must ________ the course in this term.
A. finish
B. complete
C. do
D. avoid
( ) ________ the book and she knew the ________ event.
A. completed；complete
B. complete；complete
C. finishes；complete
D. finished；completed
题组训练四be made of/from/in/by辨析
Ⅰ.单项选择。
( ) kind of car looks so beautiful. It ________ in my hometown.
A. make
B. makes
C. is made
D. made
( ) pair of shoes ________ hand，and it ________ very comfortable.
A. is made with；is felt
B. are made from；is felt
C. are made of；feels
D. is made by；feels
( )3.—Your sweater looks very nice. What's it made ________ ?
—Wool，and it's made ________ Guiyang.
A. from；on
B. of；in
C. of；on
D. from；in
单元写作小专题&Section B(3a～3b)
【单元写作目标】
能描述某种产品的材质、产地、用途及特殊性等信息。
1.能用“be made of/from/in/by…，be used for”等句型描述产品的信息；
2.能在文章中交替使用被动语态和主动语态；
3.能体现语言的丰富性，使文章更有合理性；
4.写作微技能:列提纲在英语写作中的运用。
一、语言积累
(一)Revision:根据下列表格中所给的单词，写出相应的动词原形或过去分词。
