专题1词、短语辨析（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）1.【2016·江苏】24. ________ —Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life? —Living every day to the full, definitely.
A. recipe
B. record
C. range
D. receipt
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：考查名词词义辨析。名词recipe秘诀，食谱，药方；record记录；range范围；receipt 收据，收条；句意：—你能告诉我你对幸福长寿的秘密吗？—当然是尽情享受每一天。根据句意可知A项意为“秘诀”，与上下文相符。
考点：考查名词辨析
2.【2016·江苏】25. He did not easily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.
A.approach
B. wrestle
C. compromise
D. communicate
【答案】C
考点：考查动词词义辨析
3.【2016·江苏】30.Many businesses started up by college students have________thanks to the comfortable climatefor business creation.
A.fallen off
B. taken off
C. turned off
D. left off
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：考查动词短语辨析。短语fall off跌落，下降；take off起飞，成功，受欢迎；turn off关闭；leave off停止，中断；句意：由于良好的创业环境，很多大学生创办的生意都很成功。根据句意可知B正确。
考点：考查动词短语辨析
4.【2016·江苏】31.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most__________statements of how, and on whatbasis, data are collected.
A. explicit
B. ambiguous
C. original
D. arbitrary
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：考查形容词词义辨析。形容词explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱两可的，含糊不清的；original原始的，最初的；arbitrary任意的，专制的；句意：对于如何以及在什么基础上收集数据，他的综合调查提供了最清晰的说明。故A正确。
考点：考查形容词词义辨析
5.【2016·江苏】33.Parents should actively urge their children to______the opportunity to join sports teams.
A. gain admission to
B. keep track of
C. take advantage of
D. give rise to
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：考查短语辨析。动词短语gain admission to 获准进入；keep track of记录；take advantage of利用；give rise to引起；句意：父母亲应该积极鼓励孩子抓住机会参加体育活动。根据句意可知C项正确。
考点：考查短语辨析
6.【2016·江苏】35.—Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job in terview. —Lack of self-confidence is his______, I am afraid.
A. Achilles’ heel
B. child’s play
C. green fingers
D. last straw
【答案】A
考点：考查谚语
7.【2016·天津】2. The dictionary is ______: many words have been added to the language since it was published.
A. out of control
B. out of date
C. out of sight
D. out of reach 【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：这本字典过时了：自从它被出版，很多单词被增加到这个语言中。A.失去控制；B.过时的；C看不见的；D.够不着的。根据句意，故选B。
考点：考查介词短语。
【名师点睛】介词短语的考查通常是一些易混的相似的介词短语，这题的介词短语都是out of+
名词搭配，但是意思都是大相径庭，学生在平时要注意积累这些相似短语的搭配和含义，做题时结合具体的语境代入各个选项确定答案。由many words have been added to the language since it was published.可以确定是“过时的”。
8.【2016·天津】8. Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she ____ her opinion on the subject.
A. gave voice to
B. kept an eye on
C. turned a deaf ear of
D. set foot on
【答案】A
考点：考查动词短语辨析。
【名师点睛】这几个短语都是固定搭配，不能仅仅看字面意思，应该在平时学习中注意累积这方面的词汇，这几个短语有个特点，都含有一个人体部位的名词，学生平时学习的时候，可以将短语进行分类记忆。做题时找到关键词和切入点，这道题的关键是opinion和选项中的voice。
9.【2016·天津】10. The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _____ of rain later tonight.
A. effect
B. sense
C. change
D. chance
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析：句意：天气预报说今天会是多云，后半夜可能有雨。A.影响；B.感觉；C.
改变；D.机会，可能性。故选D。
考点：考查名词辨析。
【名师点睛】词汇辨析是每次试卷中必然出现的题型，所以平时一定要把词汇放在句中进行记忆。在复习词汇的时候，要依据语言的横向组合和纵向聚合，按照点-线-面顺序，构建知识网络环境，对知识内容进行巩固、深化和提升，这样才能提高复习知识点的效率。这样，再做单项填空题时，就会觉得游刃有余。对于英语中的词汇用法，平时要多归纳总结，词汇用法的特殊语法规则更要特别记忆。最好把词汇放在句子中，连同句子一起记忆，这样能够加强记忆。
10.【2016·天津】12. I’m going to _____ advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle.
A. put
B. make
C. take
D. give
【答案】C
【解析】
