高考英语语法介词归纳总结
一、单项选择介词
1．St. Louis has replaced Camden, New Jersey ______ the most dangerous US city, according to a study based on FBI crime data which was released Monday.
A．for B．to C．as D．with
【答案】C
【解析】
考查介词的用法。句意“根据一项周一发布的基于FBI犯罪数据的研究，圣路易斯已经取代卡姆登和新泽西，成为美国最危险的城市。”A“为了”；B“到......”；C“作为”；D“和，带有”。故选C。
2．The police are reopening the investigation ________ the new evidence.
A．in tune with B．in conflict with
C．in light of D．in place of
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意：警方正根据新的证据重新展开调查。A. in tune with与……一致；B. in conflict with和……冲突；C. in light of根据，鉴于；D. in place of代替。分析句子可知，应该根据新证据重新调查，故选C。
3．You’d sound a lot more polite if you make a request ______ a question.
A．in search of B．in the form of C．in need of D．in the direction of 【答案】B
【解析】
考查介词短语。此处意思是“以问题方式向对方提出请求显得更有礼貌”。in the form of 符合句意。in search of“寻找”，in need of“需要”，in the direction of“朝……方向”。
4．（天津卷）The dictionary is ______: many words have been added to the language since it was published.
A．out of control B．out of date
C．out of sight D．out of reach
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词短语。句意：这本字典过时了。自从它被出版以来，很多单词被添加到这种语言中。
A. out of control失去控制；
B. out of date过时的；
C. out of sight看不见的；
D. out of reach
够不着的。根据句意，故选B。
【点睛】
介词短语的考查通常是一些易混的相似的介词短语，这题的介词短语都是out of+名词搭配，但是意思都是大相径庭，学生在平时要注意积累这些相似短语的搭配和含义，做题时结合具体的语境代入各个选项确定答案。由many words have been added to the language since it was published.可以确定是“过时的”。
5．These comments came ______________ specific questions often asked by local newsmen. A．in memory of B．in response to
C．in touch with D．in possession of
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：这些评论是对某些经常被当地新闻人问到的问题的回应。A. in memory of 纪念， B. in response to回应，C. in touch with联系，D. in possession of拥有。分析句子成分知道空格处为介词短语起连接状语的作用，根据常识和句意，评论应该是对问题的回应。所以答案应该是B. in response to回应。
【名师点睛】介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。本题考查的介词短语结构是介词+名词+介词的形式，本句另外还含有一个过去分词（asked by local newsmen）作定语的用法。
【详解】
请在此输入详解！
【点睛】
请在此输入点睛！
6．Everybody was touched ______ words after they heard her moving story.
A．without B．beyond
C．against D．despite
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词辨析。句意：听到她的感人故事之后，每个人感动得无法用语言来形容。A. without没有；B. beyond超越；C. against反对；D. despite尽管。beyond words表示“在言语之外”，即不能用言语来表达，也就是“无法形容”了。故B选项正确。
7．Soon after getting off his horse, the captain appeared at the second-floor windows, ______ he could see nothing but trees.
A．where B．from where
C．which D．from which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：下马不久，上尉就出现在二楼的窗口了。他从那里除了树木什么也没看到。he could see nothing but trees.为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词at the second-floor windows，故用from where，相当于and from at the second-floor windows，而from where 比where具体形象，故选B。
【点睛】
From where 引导定语从句的用法。用于引导非限制性定语从句，在意义上相当于 and from there（从那儿）。如：
He hid himself in a tree, from where he could see the enemy in the distance. 他躲在一棵树上，从那儿他可以看到远处的敌人。
We went up to the roof, from where we had a good view of the procession. 我们爬上屋顶，从那儿可以很好地观看游行。
Soon after getting off his horse, the captain appeared at the second storey windows, from where he could see nothing but trees.下马不久,上尉就出现在二楼的窗口了.他从那里除了树木什么也没看到.(引导定语从句)
划线部分相当于…,and from at the windows…不可变为from which…,直接用where不如用from where更具体.
2、She climbed up to the top of the hill, from where she could have a good view of the whole town.她登上山顶,从那里她可以一览全城风光.（引导定语从句）
划线部分相当于…,and from on the top of the hill或from on the top of which…,不可变为from which,也可直接用where引导,但语义较为含糊,不如用from where更加生动、形象、具体.
8．Citizens are _____ to exercise their rights, but under no circumstances can they violate other people’s rights.
A．on track B．on schedule
C．at ease D．at liberty
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词短语。句意：公民可以自由地行使自己的权利，但他们绝不能损害他人的权益。
A. on track走上正轨；
B. on schedule 按时；
C. at ease安逸；舒适；
D. at liberty自由地。故选D。
